CN102972346A - Culture method based on graded stocking and cyclic utilization of soft-shelled turtles in greenhouse - Google Patents
Culture method based on graded stocking and cyclic utilization of soft-shelled turtles in greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN102972346A CN102972346A CN2012105362029A CN201210536202A CN102972346A CN 102972346 A CN102972346 A CN 102972346A CN 2012105362029 A CN2012105362029 A CN 2012105362029A CN 201210536202 A CN201210536202 A CN 201210536202A CN 102972346 A CN102972346 A CN 102972346A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a culture method based on the graded stocking and cyclic utilization of soft-shelled turtles in a greenhouse. According to the culture method, different stocking methods are adopted for the soft-shelled turtles according to different growth phases and different specifications, and by virtue of overall arrangement of the overall culture process and scientific stocking, the greenhouse utilization efficiency of the soft-shelled turtles is obviously improved, the unit production of culture is greatly improved, and the economic benefit and social benefit of a culture enterprise are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aquaculture technology, recycling cultural method is put in definite a kind of soft-shelled turtle greenhouse classification that says in a suitable place to breed.
Technical background
Soft-shelled turtle has another name called the soft-shelled turtle, soft-shelled turtle, soft-shelled turtle, is commonly called as cuckold.Soft-shelled turtle is a kind of aquatic product economic animal of preciousness, and not only meat flavour is delicious, nutritious for it, and protein content is high, is regarded as famous and precious invigorant, has become the hard-to-get commodity of domestic and international market.
At present, propagating artificially of soft-shelled turtle is rather well received, has become one of focus exploitation industry of various places, but because the cultural technique of the science of shortage, input is many, and income is few, has had a strong impact on the development of soft-shelled turtle industry and the economic benefit of breeding enterprise.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention aims to provide the greenhouse classification of a kind of soft-shelled turtle and puts recycling cultural technique in a suitable place to breed, to improve the cultivation income of soft-shelled turtle, reduces production costs, and increases the economic benefit of enterprise.
Cultural method step of the present invention is as follows:
One, builds the field and make the pond
Build the place that the field is wanted Environment peace and quiet, had a good transport service, and have independent drainage system.It is pollution-free to have abundant water resources, and water quality should meet national fishery water water standard.The greenhouse adopts steel frame construction to be combined construction with plastic tunnel.Brick mix structure is adopted in the soft-shelled turtle pond, single pool area is advisable with 20 ㎡～30 ㎡, the dark 1m in pond, pond depth of water 0.6m～0.8m, pool wall is vertical, around the top in the pond the flat anti-eaves of escaping of 5 ㎝～10cm that stretches out, pot bottom-shape at the bottom of the pond, the angle, pond is curved, and all there are independently water inlet and drainage, indoor perfect heat supply temperature control, exhaust damping and the oxygen system of being provided with in each pond.Hang the plastic deeping things concealed in the pond and perch for soft-shelled turtle, lay the food platform by the pool side of operator's row of channels, the food platform is selected asbestos shingle, and an end stretches into 30cm in the water, and the food platform back side and the water surface are 20 °～30 ° angles.
Two, put the sterilization of front preparation and soft-shelled turtle pond in a suitable place to breed
Newly-built pond needs to soak more than 2 weeks with the full pond of clear water first, then soaks 3～5 days with the 30mg/L bleaching powder.Lao Chi soaked 3～5 days with the 30mg/L bleaching powder first, then soaked 3～5 days with quicklime 150mg/L.Need fodder machine during this period, advance pumping equipment, air feed, power supply facilities maintenance and inspection, ready.Food platform, net sheet also need to soak with clear water, then soak 3～5 days with the 30mg/L bleaching powder, and grind off the sharp-pointed position of food platform (asbestos shingle) with instrument.
Put in a suitable place to breed front 7 days, Jiang Chishui is put dried, and cleans with scour without sediment motion; Put beginning in front 5 days in a suitable place to breed and in the pond, inject clear water, flood to food platen 1cm～2cm, and with 2mg/L trichloro-isocyanuric acid disinfectant full pool spilling head; Can put young soft-shelled turtle in a suitable place to breed after 3～5 days.
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the recycle utilization process chart is put in the classification of soft-shelled turtle greenhouse in a suitable place to breed;
Fig. 2 is that the classification of soft-shelled turtle greenhouse is put the cultural method of recycle utilization and common cultivation in a suitable place to breed and put the Contrast on effect schematic flow sheet in a suitable place to breed.
Embodiment
One, stocking method
1, initially puts in a suitable place to breed
At the bottom of the 8-9 month shown in Fig. 1, select the soft-shelled turtle pond of the gross area 1/3rd, by the breeding density of every square metre of 60 young soft-shelled turtles, throw in the then young soft-shelled turtle of hatching.When the outdoor ponds natural temperature was lower than 25 ℃, beginning was heated to greenhouse heat-insulating gradually, and water temperature heats up 1～2 ℃ every day, until water temperature remains on 30 ℃～31 ℃ in the greenhouse, day and night temperature is less than 2 ℃.Greenhouse temperature remains on 32 ℃～33 ℃, is higher than 1 ℃～2 ℃ of water temperatures.
2, divide for the first time the pond
At the bottom of the then 11-12 month, when soft-shelled turtle is supported long 5 centimetres of average body, put in a suitable place to breed by every square metre of 30 minute pond, put soft-shelled turtle in a suitable place to breed enlarged areas and arrive 2/3rds of the soft-shelled turtle pond gross area.
3, divide for the second time the pond
At the bottom of the next year 1-2 month, when soft-shelled turtle is supported long 6.5 centimetres of average body, put in a suitable place to breed by every square metre of 20 minute pond, put soft-shelled turtle in a suitable place to breed enlarged areas and arrive whole soft-shelled turtles pond.
4, divide for the third time the pond
At the bottom of the next year 5-6 month, outdoor water temperature stability stops the greenhouse heating insulation more than 25 ℃ the time gradually, when the indoor and outdoor water temperature is consistent, press 7 every square metre breeding density, soft-shelled turtle is stayed raise into the commodity soft-shelled turtle in the greenhouse, unnecessary whole outdoor ponds of transferring to are formed the commodity soft-shelled turtle.
5, fish in batches
In August next year, through the raising in about 1 year, stay foster soft-shelled turtle substantially to reach commodity soft-shelled turtle specification in the greenhouse, beginning is fished for listing in batches or is transferred to outdoor ponds and put in a suitable place to breed, vacate the soft-shelled turtle pond that accounts for the gross area 1/3rd, initially putting in a suitable place to breed to the next round cultivation prepared in the sterilization of clear pond.
6, the greenhouse is recycling
September of next year, with the soft-shelled turtle pond that vacate August in the greenhouse, as the next round culture-cycle initially put the pond in a suitable place to breed, by 60 every square metre breeding density, put the then young soft-shelled turtle of hatching in a suitable place to breed, the circulation of beginning next round culture-cycle.Next year by the end of November before, stay foster commodity soft-shelled turtle to continue to fish for listing, vacate again the soft-shelled turtle pond that accounts for the gross area 1/3rd, give over to next round and put in a suitable place to breed for subsequent use in a minute pond for the first time.In by the end of January, the 3rd before, remaining commodity soft-shelled turtle is all fished for listing in the greenhouse, for next round for the second time, a minute pond is put in a suitable place to breed ready for the third time.
Two, put requirement in a suitable place to breed
Initially put in a suitable place to breed or a minute pond when putting in a suitable place to breed, young soft-shelled turtle or young soft-shelled turtle must be placed on the food platen lightly, allow soft-shelled turtle climb into voluntarily in the pool inner water; Put the pond water temperature in a suitable place to breed and be not more than 2 ℃ with the water temperature temperature difference of putting in a suitable place to breed in the front soft-shelled turtle pond.The soft-shelled turtle that put in a suitable place to breed in same soft-shelled turtle pond requires the shirt rim to unfold, and stands up flexibly, and physique is healthy and strong, and neat specification is anosis without hindering, without deformity.
Three, feeding and management
1, throws feeding method
The young soft-shelled turtle compound feed that young soft-shelled turtle is thrown something and fed and sells on the market, feed is the pellet of soft or hard appropriateness, feed particle diameter≤3mm.The feed of can throwing something and feeding the 2nd day morning after putting in a suitable place to breed.Feed day throws 3 times, and in 6 o'clock～7 o'clock morning, at 12 o'clock at noon, 5 o'clock～6 o'clock afternoon respectively once; The forage volume of at every turn throwing something and feeding is advisable to eat up in 1 hour.
The compound feed for young soft-shelled turtles that the children soft-shelled turtle is thrown something and fed and sells on the market, feed is the pellet of soft or hard appropriateness, feed particle diameter≤5mm.Throw feed day 2 times, in 6 o'clock～7 o'clock morning, respectively throw 15 o'clock～6 o'clock afternoon, and the forage volume of at every turn throwing something and feeding is advisable to eat up in 1 hour.
The compound feed of mature trionyx sinensis that the commodity soft-shelled turtle is thrown something and fed and sells on the market, feed is the pellet of soft or hard appropriateness, feed particle diameter≤7mm.Throw feed day 2 times, in 6 o'clock～7 o'clock morning, respectively throw 15 o'clock～6 o'clock afternoon, and the forage volume of at every turn throwing something and feeding is advisable to eat up in 1 hour.
2, requirement is raised in throwing: train young soft-shelled turtle, young soft-shelled turtle, commodity soft-shelled turtle food waterborne.Young soft-shelled turtle is put the initial stage in a suitable place to breed, and feedstuff feeding progressively changes the above water of throwing at the food platform at the underwater portion of food platform after 30 days.The regular jobs such as cleaning every day food platform, soil pick-up blowdown, oxygenation exhaust are finished before throwing is raised, and throw and raise the peace and quiet of rear maintenance greenhouse, do not alarm the soft-shelled turtle food, shine the back of the body.
3, water temperature regulate and control: greenhouse water temperature regulate and control to 30 ℃～31 ℃, day and night temperature should be less than 2 ℃.Greenhouse temperature remains on 32 ℃～33 ℃, is higher than 1 ℃～2 ℃ of water temperatures.Keep the soft-shelled turtle pond depth of water 0.8m summer, sun-shading ventilating prevents water temperature over-high.
4, water quality management: the oxygenation 1～2 hour of ventilating every day of soft-shelled turtle pond, greenhouse, per 1～2 day soil pick-up or blowdown 1 time.If Chi Shui gives out the foreign odor flavor, then change the 1/3 pond water yield at every turn, but notice that the soft-shelled turtle pond water temperature temperature difference is no more than 2 ℃.The each throwing raised front unlatching ventilating fan, purifies air in the greenhouse, is strictly on guard against gathering of indoor toxic and harmful.
5, the sick control of soft-shelled turtle: enter the greenhouse every day and operate the soft-shelled turtle pond of at first to patrol, find dead soft-shelled turtle, should pull first and do harmless treatment out; Find that the disease soft-shelled turtle in time isolates, put in a suitable place to breed in Special hospital soft-shelled turtle pond, the control of suiting the medicine to the illness.The EM bacterium of splashing 1 time every 10 days, concentration 1mg/L, note the EM bacterium can not with bactericide or bacteriostatic agent with using.
Four, the culture efficiency with common cultural method contrasts
One one of cultivation shown in Fig. 1 is soft-shelled turtle greenhouse cultivation of the present invention field, all arrange, built 300 culturing pools with two soft-shelled turtle greenhouse cultivations of common cultivation field of contrast, each culturing pool is 20 square metres, wherein cultivate one one plant, adopted classification to put the recycling technology of putting in a suitable place to breed in a suitable place to breed, by the overall arrangement of cultivation overall process, science are put in a suitable place to breed, compared with common cultural technique, cultivation per unit area yield, culture benefit have all increased more than 63%, and economic benefit obviously promotes.
The classification of the invention process soft-shelled turtle is put in a suitable place to breed, and intention is novel; The recycling pool in greenhouse is reasonable, and breeding technology is leading, and synergy is obvious, and the blank of the domestic and international same industry has been filled up in the development and use of this technology.
Claims (1)
1. recycling cultural method is put in a soft-shelled turtle greenhouse classification in a suitable place to breed, and it is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
(1) builds the field and make the pond
Building the field wants Environment quiet, the place that has a good transport service, and have independently, drainage system, it is pollution-free to have abundant water resources, water quality should meet national fishery water water standard, the greenhouse adopts steel frame construction to be combined construction with plastic tunnel, brick mix structure is adopted in the soft-shelled turtle pond, and single pool area is advisable with 20 ㎡～30 ㎡, the dark 1m in pond, pond depth of water 0.6m～0.8m, pool wall is vertical, flatly in the pond around the top stretches out that 5 ㎝～10cm is anti-to escape eaves, pot bottom-shape at the bottom of the pond, the angle, pond is curved, all there are independently water inlet and drainage in each pond, indoorly is provided with perfect heat supply temperature control, exhaust damping and oxygen system hang the plastic deeping things concealed and perch for soft-shelled turtle in the pond, lay the food platform by the pool side of operator's row of channels, the food platform is selected asbestos shingle, and an end stretches into 30cm in the water, and the food platform back side and the water surface are 20 °～30 ° angles;
(2) put the sterilization of front preparation and soft-shelled turtle pond in a suitable place to breed
Soak more than 2 weeks with the full pond of clear water first in newly-built pond, then soaked 3～5 days with the 30mg/L bleaching powder, Lao Chi soaked 3～5 days with the 30mg/L bleaching powder first, then soaked 3～5 days with quicklime 150mg/L, needed fodder machine during this period, advance pumping equipment, air feed, power supply facilities maintenance and inspection, ready, food platform, net sheet also need to soak with clear water, then soaked 3～5 days with the 30mg/L bleaching powder, and grind off the sharp-pointed position of asbestos shingle with instrument;
Put in a suitable place to breed front 7 days, Jiang Chishui is put dried, and cleans with scour without sediment motion; Put beginning in front 5 days in a suitable place to breed and in the pond, inject clear water, flood to food platen 1cm～2cm, and with 2mg/L trichloro-isocyanuric acid disinfectant full pool spilling head; Put young soft-shelled turtle after 3～5 days in a suitable place to breed;
(3) stocking method
(1) initially puts in a suitable place to breed
At the bottom of the annual 8-9 month, select the soft-shelled turtle pond of the gross area 1/3rd, by the breeding density of every square metre of 60 young soft-shelled turtles, throw in then hatching young soft-shelled turtle, when the outdoor ponds natural temperature is lower than 25 ℃, beginning is heated to greenhouse heat-insulating gradually, water temperature heats up 1～2 ℃ every day, until water temperature remains on 30 ℃～31 ℃ in the greenhouse, day and night temperature is less than 2 ℃, greenhouse temperature remains on 32 ℃～33 ℃, is higher than 1 ℃～2 ℃ of water temperatures;
(2) divide for the first time the pond:
At the bottom of the then 11-12 month, when soft-shelled turtle is supported long 5 centimetres of average body, put in a suitable place to breed by every square metre of 30 minute pond, put soft-shelled turtle in a suitable place to breed enlarged areas and arrive 2/3rds of the soft-shelled turtle pond gross area;
(3) divide for the second time the pond:
At the bottom of the next year 1-2 month, when soft-shelled turtle is supported long 6.5 centimetres of average body, put in a suitable place to breed by every square metre of 20 minute pond, put soft-shelled turtle in a suitable place to breed enlarged areas and arrive whole soft-shelled turtles pond;
(4) divide for the third time the pond:
At the bottom of the next year 5-6 month, outdoor water temperature stability stops the greenhouse heating insulation more than 25 ℃ the time gradually, when the indoor and outdoor water temperature is consistent, press 7 every square metre breeding density, soft-shelled turtle is stayed raise into the commodity soft-shelled turtle in the greenhouse, unnecessary whole outdoor ponds of transferring to are formed the commodity soft-shelled turtle;
(5) fish in batches:
In August next year, through the raising in about 1 year, stay foster soft-shelled turtle substantially to reach commodity soft-shelled turtle specification in the greenhouse, beginning is fished for listing in batches or is transferred to outdoor ponds and put in a suitable place to breed, vacate the soft-shelled turtle pond that accounts for the gross area 1/3rd, initially putting in a suitable place to breed to the next round cultivation prepared in the sterilization of clear pond;
(6) greenhouse is recycling
September of next year, with the soft-shelled turtle pond that vacate August in the greenhouse, initially put the pond in a suitable place to breed as the next round culture-cycle, breeding density by 60 every square metre, put the then young soft-shelled turtle of hatching in a suitable place to breed, the circulation of beginning next round culture-cycle, next year by the end of November before, stay foster commodity soft-shelled turtle to continue to fish for listing, vacate again the soft-shelled turtle pond that accounts for the gross area 1/3rd, give over to next round for the first time a minute pond put in a suitable place to breed for subsequent use, in by the end of January, the 3rd before, remaining commodity soft-shelled turtle is all fished for listing in the greenhouse, for next round for the second time, a minute pond is put in a suitable place to breed ready for the third time;
(4) put requirement in a suitable place to breed
Initially put in a suitable place to breed or a minute pond when putting in a suitable place to breed, young soft-shelled turtle or young soft-shelled turtle must be placed on the food platen lightly, allow soft-shelled turtle climb into voluntarily in the pool inner water; Put the pond water temperature in a suitable place to breed and be not more than 2 ℃ with the water temperature temperature difference of putting in a suitable place to breed in the front soft-shelled turtle pond, the soft-shelled turtle that put in a suitable place to breed in same soft-shelled turtle pond requires the shirt rim to unfold, and stands up flexibly, and physique is healthy and strong, and neat specification is anosis without hindering, without deformity;
(5) feeding and management
(1) throws feeding method
The young soft-shelled turtle compound feed that young soft-shelled turtle is thrown something and fed and sells on the market, feed is the pellet of soft or hard appropriateness, feed particle diameter≤3mm, the feed of throwing something and feeding the 2nd day morning after putting in a suitable place to breed, feed day throws 3 times, 6 o'clock～7 o'clock morning, at 12 o'clock at noon, 5 o'clock～6 o'clock afternoon each once; The forage volume of at every turn throwing something and feeding is to eat up in 1 hour;
The compound feed for young soft-shelled turtles that the children soft-shelled turtle is thrown something and fed and sells on the market, feed is the pellet of soft or hard appropriateness, feed particle diameter≤5mm, feed day throws 2 times, and in 6 o'clock～7 o'clock morning, respectively throw 15 o'clock～6 o'clock afternoon, and the forage volume of at every turn throwing something and feeding is to eat up in 1 hour;
The compound feed of mature trionyx sinensis that the commodity soft-shelled turtle is thrown something and fed and sells on the market, feed is the pellet of soft or hard appropriateness, feed particle diameter≤7mm, feed day throws 2 times, and in 6 o'clock～7 o'clock morning, respectively throw 15 o'clock～6 o'clock afternoon, and the forage volume of at every turn throwing something and feeding is to eat up in 1 hour;
(2) requirement is raised in throwing: train young soft-shelled turtle, young soft-shelled turtle, commodity soft-shelled turtle food waterborne, young soft-shelled turtle is put the initial stage in a suitable place to breed, feedstuff feeding is at the underwater portion of food platform, progressively change the above water of throwing at the food platform after 30 days into, cleaning every day food platform, soil pick-up blowdown, oxygenation exhaust, regular job is finished before throwing is raised, and throws and raises the peace and quiet of rear maintenance greenhouse, does not alarm the soft-shelled turtle food, shines the back of the body;
(3) water temperature regulate and control: greenhouse water temperature regulate and control to 30 ℃～31 ℃, day and night temperature should be less than 2 ℃, and greenhouse temperature remains on 32 ℃～33 ℃, is higher than 1 ℃～2 ℃ of water temperatures, keeps the soft-shelled turtle pond depth of water 0.8m summer, and sun-shading ventilating prevents water temperature over-high;
(4) water quality management: soft-shelled turtle pond, the greenhouse oxygenation 1～2 hour of ventilating every day, every 1-2 days soil pick-up or blowdown 1 time, if Chi Shui gives out the foreign odor flavor, then change the 1/3 pond water yield at every turn, but notice that the soft-shelled turtle pond water temperature temperature difference is no more than 2 ℃, the each throwing raised front unlatching ventilating fan, purifies air in the greenhouse, is strictly on guard against gathering of indoor toxic and harmful;
(5) the sick control of soft-shelled turtle: enter the greenhouse every day and operate the soft-shelled turtle pond of at first to patrol, find dead soft-shelled turtle, should pull first and do harmless treatment out; Find that the disease soft-shelled turtle in time isolates, put in a suitable place to breed in Special hospital soft-shelled turtle pond, the control of suiting the medicine to the illness, the EM bacterium of splashing 1 time every 10 days, concentration 1mg/L, attention EM bacterium can not be used together with bactericide or bacteriostatic agent.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103843722A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2014-06-11 | 湖南金琮汉寿甲鱼有限公司 | Pure breeding method for soft-shelled turtles |
| CN104304801A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-28 | 福建天马饲料有限公司 | Special powdered compound feed for adult Chinese softshell turtles under greenhouse breeding mode |
| CN104430003A (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2015-03-25 | 梧州市景泰养鳖专业合作社 | Manual constructing method of Chinese soft-shelled turtle pond |
| CN105746396A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-07-13 | 周吴 | Staged breeding method for greenhouse soft-shelled turtles |
| CN106719252A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-31 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of hardening pond high-density fish culture system and method for preposition water process |
| CN107787920A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-13 | 安徽省淮丰园渔业科技有限公司 | A kind of Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis two-step method cultural technique |
| CN110692596A (en) * | 2019-11-02 | 2020-01-17 | 宁波市明凤渔业有限公司 | Efficient sectional type soft-shelled turtle culture facility and culture method |
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| CN110692596A (en) * | 2019-11-02 | 2020-01-17 | 宁波市明凤渔业有限公司 | Efficient sectional type soft-shelled turtle culture facility and culture method |
| CN110692596B (en) * | 2019-11-02 | 2024-06-11 | 宁波市明凤渔业有限公司 | Efficient sectional turtle culture method |
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