CN104381204A - Artificial indoor feeding method for Asian yellow pond turtles in south - Google Patents
Artificial indoor feeding method for Asian yellow pond turtles in south Download PDFInfo
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- CN104381204A CN104381204A CN201410588948.3A CN201410588948A CN104381204A CN 104381204 A CN104381204 A CN 104381204A CN 201410588948 A CN201410588948 A CN 201410588948A CN 104381204 A CN104381204 A CN 104381204A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial indoor feeding method for Asian yellow pond turtles in the south. A natural temperature and artificially controlled humidity incubation technology is adopted, and the incubation time is shortened; spatial frame erection and layered pond arrangement for three-dimensional aquaculture are utilized, the method is simple and feasible, and various spaces are sufficiently utilized; a hibernation-free aquaculture technology is adopted, the Asian yellow pond turtles do not have the growing hibernation stage, grow fast, are good in quality and high in benefit and are suitable for being cultured in rooms of different families, and a foundation is laid for industrialization; an aquaculture income-increasing method is provided for people in all ages, particularly office workers in urban and rural families with water and electricity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to animal-breeding technical field, especially relate to a kind of artificial indoor rearing's method of southern Mauremys mutica.
Background technology
Mauremys mutica, (Classification system: Asian Yellow Pond Turtle), popular name stone tortoise, stone small water turtle, terrapin, yellow plate tortoise, yellow tortoise, fragrant tortoise.Classification belongs to Reptilia, Chelonia, tortoise subfamily.In China, mainly be distributed in the provinces such as Anhui, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, major production areas is the South China of China, and these species have been put into " the terrestrial wildlife register that is useful or that have Important Economic, scientific research value of state guarantee " issued in China national State Forestry Administration, P.R. China on August 1st, 2000; Mauremys mutica also has heat-resisting, cold-resistant, resistance to feature of hungering and thirst, and is one of extremely indomitable tortoise kind of vitality; Natural habitat due to Mauremys mutica distributes at a distance across latitude, and the scope of distribution is boundless, so be formed naturally difference obvious between the population of north and south; In China, Mauremys mutica divides southern population and Northern Population; South population is with based on Guangdong, Guangxi one Mauremys mutica produced, and its individuality is comparatively large, fast growth, and based on meat, culturist comparatively likes; The Mauremys mutica that Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces one is with is called Northern Population, north plant have again smalt head tortoise and little blue or green head tortoise point; Smalt head is distributed in Taiwan and Fujian, and little blue or green head is distributed in Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces one band, and its individuality is less, grows more southern population slow, the bright-coloured beauty of outward appearance and do pet and view and admire the principal item with tortoise.
South population Mauremys mutica is different from Northern Population and mainly contains some features: it is triangular in shape that head kind is planted in general south, and more greatly, head color is grey black or brightly yellowish look, yellow, and eyes do not protrude, and eyeball black line is long and clear; Back is generally brownish black or brown color, and carapace is long and wide, and the bodily form compares north kind greatly; Belly is yellow, and blackspot is larger and clear; Seedling back color mostly is brownish black or grey black; Carapace is long and wide, and belly blackspot is clear, and color is yellow or pale; North tortoise kind head is planted smaller than south, and color is grey cyan, olive-green, and eyes slightly protrude, and eyeball black line is not long and fuzzyyer, or does not have black line; Back color is grey black, lark, and the bodily form is medium less than normal; Belly is faint yellow, bluish yellow look, and blackspot is less and color is fuzzy and irregular, and the little blue or green head of some fine work does not have blackspot, is also called " ivory plate ".Mauremys mutica belongs to land and water amphibian in south, edible, medical value is all very high; Tortoise meat, tortoise ovum are wholefood, nutritious, delicious flavour." tortoise body streaky pork " just refers to that tortoise meat has ox, sheep, pig, chicken, the nutrition of fish five kinds of animal flesh and taste.Tortoise blood can control the diseases such as traumatic injury; Tortoise plastron, tortoiseshell are one of raw materials of the Chinese patent drugs such as GUILU BUSHEN WAN; In addition, its bodily form is graceful, and personality is docile, is lucky long-lived symbol, also has very high ornamental value; It is also the first-class base tortoise cultivating tortoise with green alga.
The area such as Hong Kong economically developed at present, Macao is quite large to the demand of southern Mauremys mutica, the price of south population Mauremys mutica parent tortoise and seed is far above Northern Population, time larger tortoise valency is higher, this also allows many ordinary peoples go on the broad road of getting rich, increasing urban and rural residents carry out garden cultivation, rising the upsurge of artificial feeding Mauremys mutica, is emerging aquaculture; But various cultural method is multifarious, and the main provenance of southern Mauremys mutica also rests in former purchaser raiser hand, the cultural technique of raiser is relatively conservative, some technical measures are also reluctant to expose, management method randomness is stronger, deformity tortoise, sick tortoise is more, and commodity tortoise output is not high.
Open source literature reports the cultural method of some Mauremys muticas, takes passages as follows:
1, Chinese patent, title: a kind of stone tortoise and artificial culture technology thereof, application number: 2012103997249, application publication number: CN103766277A, applicant: Liu Yuan, inventor: Liu Yuan; Summary: the present invention proposes a kind of stone tortoise and artificial culture technology thereof, stone tortoise, formal name used at school " Mauremys mutica ", classification belongs to Reptilia, Chelonia, tortoise subfamily; Prepare turtle feed; Support tortoise place must have abundant water resources, select qualified tortoise kind; Healthy tortoise source is supported in choosing, and the animal and plant material configuration proportion of turtle feed is to be advisable at 7: 3, throws something and feeds by " four is fixed " (regularly, locate, determine matter, quantitative) principle, clears up remnant food in time, and ensure the good of water quality; Raise into tortoise and close tortoise, also must make regular check on the clean of terrestrial environment (emphasis is Sha Chi) and humidity, loose hardness, to lay eggs needs to adapt to female tortoise; The active situation such as to ingest of meticulous observation tortoise; In time tortoise body, tortoise pond and tableware are carried out disinfection.
2, Chinese periodical, title: the progress of Mauremys mutica, " Guangxi Academy Of Sciences report " the 23rd phase in 2007, author: Zhou Weiguan, Qin Guosen, Li Yihuan, Chen Yeliang, summary: Mauremys mutica is distributed more widely at home, growth preference temperature is 20 ~ 32 DEG C; Propagating artificially under condition, Mauremys mutica age at sexual maturity can shift to an earlier date, and incubation rate can reach 84.12%; Floor space is little, feeding and management is convenient, high financial profit, can develop into the new industry of the adjusting and optimizing structure of rural undertaking and increase people income.
3, Chinese periodical, title: the artificial feeding of Mauremys mutica and breeding, " guangdong agricultural science " the 5th phase in 1999, author: Wei Chengqing, summary: Gui Chi is built in the main place selecting outdoor to have abundant water resources, and soil property water retention property is good, as clay loam or loam, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and residing environment is warm, quiet, avoid the place the impact such as traffic lines, factory is larger to build tortoise pond; Gui Chi inland basin and pond ratio, with 1: 2, get feed ready, reasonably combined feed, and hold concurrently food feed of animal origin and vegetable feed, ensure comprehensive nutrition.Blend proportion feed of animal origin: vegetable feed is 6: 4, then adds appropriate additive; Suitably control feed disbursement, feed of throwing something and feeding accomplishes that four is fixed, proposes disease preventing and treating method, and carries out the sport technique segments such as artificial breeding management.
Disclosed Mauremys mutica cultural method, digging mainly for outdoor of having is pool cultivated, cultivation built by the scaffolding in outdoor compound had, tortoise pond is generally cement structures, and quantities is large, and what have is cultivated by science collocation feed, although have in indoor culture, technical measures are not strong, and be difficult to keep efficient management, benefit is low; Mauremys mutica in south in its natural state, generally enters hibernation period in March in late November to next year, and commodity tortoise growth cycle increases, and yields poorly.
Summary of the invention
For southern Mauremys mutica cultivation the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides the indoor feeding method of a kind of southern Mauremys mutica, comprise the following steps:
1) tortoise seedling is educated
(1) incubator box prepares: incubator box adopts the bubble chamber of 60cm × 30cm × 50cm, prior wet husky about the 5cm through the sterilization of potassium permanganate liquid spray painting of paving under case respectively, incubator box is at wash clean (washing with boiling water) before, and be exposed to the sun more than 2 days, above tortoise egg yaw, egg spacing 2 centimetres, carries out lid 3 centimetres of wet fine sands again above after sequencing, the two the can be put by same method, finally on Shamian Island, cover wet cloth or wet towel.
(2) tortoise hatching: incubator box is placed on scattering sunlight, by normal temperature normal incubation, is not incubated, dry after wet before taking, and reduces the regularity water spray moisturizing tortoise egg of moisture content gradually, just can hatch young tortoise through the hatchings of 55-70 days.
2) tortoise is propagated artificially
(1) three-dimensional brandreth tortoise pond prepares: be barricaded as three-dimensional rack-layer layer 2-3 with firm V-type steel, every layer fills some crossbeam steel bars, and to prevent from sinking during the case dress water of water pond distortion, floor height 65-70CM, length and width are determined according to tortoise pond case, and pond case is put upper rack-layer; Running water water filling is connect with movable water pipe; Every layer of pond bridge joint pacifies the full spectrum lamp of a 75W; Layering is put into moveable box tortoise pond and is cultivated, and tortoise pond brandreth is barricaded as three-dimensional layer 2-3 and arranges.
(2) tortoise injected volume: young tortoise injected volume 20-40/M
2, its appetite grows slowly less, and within 2 to 3 years, tortoise body weight can reach 1200 to 2000 grams, injected volume 10-15/M
2.
(3) feeding: put movable feeding platform in material charging region, table top is about 25CM, wide about 15CM, high flow surface 2CM, first 3 months, every day, feeding 2 times, got feeding capacity ready by tortoise weight 6% at every turn, and the animal meat based on fresh fish and exquisiteness are raised spice powder and fed, and every 5 days add 1% vitamin, aquatic products calcium powder material, through raising 3 wheat harvesting period, body weight grows to about 50-100 gram, after 250 grams, growth rate is accelerated, annual 5-9 month appetite is the most prosperous, grow the fastest, every day feeding 2-3 time, get feeding capacity ready by tortoise weight 7-10% at every turn, animal meat and exquisiteness are raised spice powder and are fed, within every 10 days, press feeding 2% adds vitamin, aquatic products calcium powder material, morning 8:00-10:00 and afternoon each 1 time of 17:00-19:00, as when tortoise helps digestion large also will at night 10 time throw something and feed again 1 time, the feeding habits of stone tortoise are omnivorousness, feed resource of the present invention is wide, based on the feed of artificial preparation of throwing something and feeding, to throw something and feed earthworm, yellow mealworm, fishes and shrimps, pluck, melon and fruit, vegetables, browse, any of several broadleaf plants class etc., like best with fresh fish meat and eat, stone tortoise is liked looking for food in water, generally first food is bitten when ingesting, then swallow fast, when selecting feed, adopt meat to rub mixing the mash feed being preced with magnificent board in the young tortoise phase is the best, becomes the pellet of tortoise with family's victory board for the best.
(4) be incubated: for ensureing Mauremys mutica not hibernation in winter, using WK cultivation intelligent temperature controller temperature control to connect flat ceramic heating lamp is contained in the case water of tortoise pond, make pond water temperature remain on 29 DEG C of+10C for a long time, as long as no difference variation more than 20C, Mauremys mutica is just not easy flu; Each WK cultivates intelligent temperature controller and controls 1 pond case, and described flat ceramic heating lamp uses the heating lamp of 130W to install 1 by 1 square metre.
(5) water is changed: duty changes pure and fresh clear water, water is changed after the meal 1 time during general 19:30 every afternoon, sometimes feed intake at every turn within after feeding 1.5 hours, namely change clear water if any water body is rotten, timely row changes the Chi Shui of material charging region, then inject cleanliness without any pollution clear water, inject from behaviour area, guarantee that water quality is pure and fresh, also mix up water temperature by usual pool inner water temperature 29C+10C when changing water, then just inject in pond.
(6) integrated control disease: young tortoise every first quarter moon allicin agent sterilization once, also plays appetite-stimulating indigestion-relieving effect; As water body matter difference or rotten, easily cause tortoise height floccule, soak with hundred poisoning stars and be castrated; Just rush down as tortoise has, mix foodstuff feeding with the occrycetin that aquatic products is special; The white-eyes-sickness of the wound that swells if any eye, first steeps salt solution, smears eyedrops, then shines daylight at the sun at 8-10 o'clock every morning, is isolated in drought-hit area; There is as run into tortoise to stir abnormal anoxia phenomenon, soaking with special Huang grass detoxification Chinese traditional medicine; If any stopping eating, the cold symptoms of bubbling opening and so on, mix food with bloom medicine or used quick-resulted anti-cold pills and feed and control; As indoor solar illumination deficiency, every day is with 2 hours sunshine of full spectrum lamp.
(7) become tortoise: the row shape will observing tortoise every day, note the sterilization of water quality mould, prevention tortoise flu diarrhoea, supercilious look disease, anti-tortoise baits injured Infective mutually, by intensive care, guarantees that tortoise body is grown up healthy and sound, becomes the commodity tortoise of high-quality; Within 4 years, tortoise grows into sexual maturity, and weight can reach 2000-2500kg, and sexually matured tortoise is in 4-6 month and 9-11 month mating; The female tortoise be generally in a good state of nutrition can produce 1-4 deutovum in 1 year, each 1-10 piece ovum not etc., when year lays eggs maximum more than 30 pieces.
Preferred tortoise hatching: incubator box environmental temperature is not higher than 34 degree, indoor air temperature 2-3 degree about lower than outside air temperature, first 15 day every day water spray secondary, second 15 day every day water spray once, 3rd 15 days two days water spray once, moisture must be controlled well, and too wet tortoise egg easily breaks, and bacterial invasion causes infection, during by the 50th day, young tortoise finalizes the design almost, and can stop water spray, just can hatch young tortoise through the hatchings of 55-65 days.
Preferred tortoise egg disruption treatments: as tortoise egg breaks liquid body exudate, namely with transparent rubberizing, crack is touched, prevent there is new liquid body exudate again, and reduce water spray.
Preferred tortoise pond case: adopt plastic plate to be welded into the square tortoise pond of preventing water leakage, pond case height 32-35CM, length and width are determined according to space, place, material charging region and behaviour area is divided into movable dividing plate in tortoise pond, the tangent place of dividing plate and pond wants dense water-tight, 5CM drainpipe is offered in material charging region, so that daily draining; 1/2 region of behaviour area installs one deck drought additional and shine platen, height 28CM at the bottom of hanger plate distance pond, need to leave water body to provide tortoise and have a rest, the pool side surrounding of shining platen increases 30CM, and flat roof is connected with wire side gangboard with at the bottom of pond, to facilitate tortoise up and down; In the female tortoise egg-laying period, the dress that flat roof furnishes enabling rustles case, should spread the silt of 25 cm thicks above, lay eggs for close tortoise.
Effect of the present invention manifests: adopt natural temperature to add artificial controlled humidity incubation technology, incubation time shorten; Simple and easy to do, utilize built layering cloth pond, space three-dimensional culture, can make full use of various space, be applicable to various family and cultivate in house, less investment, high efficiency, for batch production lays the first stone; Take without hibernation cultural technique, Mauremys mutica is without growth hibernation period, and growth is fast, quality better, high efficiency, for the personage at various age, particularly working clan crowd provide a kind of cultivation way to become rich in the town-dweller-rural-family that water power possesses.
Embodiment
Oviposition period is selected to be the incubated egg 180 produced in 10 days before and after May, clean without the tortoise egg sprayer hydro-peening of shadow by illumination soon, put into incubator box to hatch, incubator box adopts the bubble chamber of 60cm × 30cm × 50cm, prior wet husky about the 5cm through the sterilization of potassium permanganate liquid spray painting of paving under case respectively, incubator box is at wash clean (washing with boiling water) before, and be exposed to the sun more than 2 days, above tortoise egg yaw, egg spacing 2 centimetres, carry out lid 3 centimetres of wet fine sands again above after sequencing, the second third layer can be put by same method, finally on Shamian Island, cover wet cloth or wet towel, within after fertile egg has hickie about 7 days, there is the as well egg of the capillary trace of blood, have hickie without the rejecting of the capillary trace of blood, incubator box environmental temperature is lower than 34 degree, and general incubation vessel is placed on balcony, has scattering sunlight afternoon, and indoor air temperature 2-3 degree about lower than outside air temperature, by normal temperature normal incubation, is not incubated, dry after wet before taking, reduce the regularity water spray moisturizing tortoise egg of moisture content gradually, first 15 day every day water spray secondary, second 15 day every day water spray once, the 3rd 15 days two days water spray is once, later stage moisture must be controlled well, too wet tortoise egg easily breaks, and bacterial invasion causes infection, during by the 50th day, young tortoise finalizes the design almost, and can stop water spray, to break liquid body exudate as found that there is tortoise egg, namely with transparent rubberizing, crack being touched, preventing there is new liquid body exudate again, and reduce water spray, the broken shell time is 60 days-65 days, and incubation rate is 97%, and young tortoise grows normal.
Young tortoise is hatched through hatching, layering is put into moveable box tortoise pond and is cultivated, tortoise pond case brandreth is barricaded as 3 layers and arranges three-dimensional brandreth, and pond case adopts plastic plate to be welded into the square tortoise pond of preventing water leakage, pond case height 32cm, long 196cm, wide 96cm, is divided into material charging region and behaviour area with movable dividing plate in tortoise pond, and the tangent place of dividing plate and pond wants dense water-tight, drainpipe is offered in material charging region, so that daily draining; 1/2 region of behaviour area installs one deck drought additional and shine platen, height 28CM at the bottom of hanger plate distance pond, need to leave water body to provide tortoise and have a rest, the pool side surrounding of shining platen increases 30CM, and flat roof is connected with wire side gangboard with at the bottom of pond, to facilitate tortoise up and down; The firm V-type steel of three-dimensional brandreth are barricaded as three-dimensional rack-layer 3 layers, and every layer fills some crossbeam steel bars, and to prevent from sinking during the case dress water of water pond distortion, floor height 65CM, length and width 200cm × 100cm, puts upper rack-layer pond case; Connect running water water filling with movable water pipe, also mix up water temperature by usual pool inner water temperature 29C+10C when changing water, then just inject in pond, water injection rate flooded the curvature of the spinal column with the water surface is advisable, and the tortoise mating season water injection rate after 4 years will reach 22CM; Every layer of pond bridge joint pacifies a full spectrum lamp; Use WK cultivation intelligent temperature controller temperature control to connect flat ceramic heating lamp to be contained in the case water of tortoise pond, make pond water temperature remain on 29 DEG C of+10C for a long time; Each temperature controller controls 1 pond case, and flat ceramic heating lamp uses the heating lamp of 130W to install 2 by 1 pond, ensures that difference variation is more than 20C, makes Mauremys mutica not hibernation in winter, is also not easy flu.Duty changes pure and fresh clear water, within general one day, changes water once, within after the feeding that sometimes at every turn feeds intake 1.5 hours, namely changes clear water if any water body is rotten.
Young tortoise injected volume 1 pond case puts about 60, children tortoise every first quarter moon allicin agent sterilization once, short tortoise appetite-stimulating indigestion-relieving, the few growth rate of its appetite is slow, first 3 months, every day feeding 2 times, feeding capacity is got ready by tortoise weight 6%, animal meat based on fresh fish and exquisiteness are raised spice powder and are fed, and add 1% vitamin, aquatic products calcium powder material, movable feeding platform is put in material charging region, table top is about 25CM, wide about 15CM, high flow surface 2CM, morning 8:00-10:00 and afternoon each 1 time of 17:00-19:00, as when tortoise helps digestion large also will at night 10 time throw something and feed again 1 time, based on the feed of artificial preparation of throwing something and feeding, carry out weekly the earthworm of throwing something and feeding of 1 time, yellow mealworm, pluck, melon and fruit, vegetables, browse, any of several broadleaf plants class etc., when selecting feed, adopt meat to rub mixing the mash feed being preced with magnificent board in the young tortoise phase is the best, become the pellet of tortoise with family's victory board for the best.After 3 months, tortoise body weight grows to about 50-100 gram; Throw in tortoise amount after half a year progressively to reduce by 10-15/M2, finally throw in by 30 tortoise 1 pond standards; After 250 grams, tortoise growth rate is accelerated, and annual 5-9 month appetite is the most prosperous, and growth is the fastest, and within 2 to 3 years, tortoise body weight can reach 1200 to 2500 grams; Within 4 years, tortoise grows into sexual maturity, and weight can reach 2000-2500kg, and sexually matured tortoise reaches mating when 20-25 spends in 4-6 month and 9-11 month temperature; The female tortoise be generally in a good state of nutrition can produce 1-4 deutovum in 1 year, each 1-10 piece ovum not etc., when year lays eggs maximum more than 30 pieces; Male and female tortoise post-coitum, female tortoise is just laid eggs at breeding season, female tortoise laying period, the dress that flat roof furnishes enabling rustles case, and should spread the silt of 25 cm thicks above, the close tortoise of the auxiliary flat confession of Shamian Island is laid eggs, observe taking-up tortoise egg every day to hatch, be afraid of frightened when tortoise is laid eggs, night does not generally go to scene, and after when next day the morning 8, close tortoise is mainly with leaving field of laying eggs, when now checking discovery egg nest, carry out mark waits its embryo fixing after 24 hours after and gather, action critical path when adopting egg, in case stave tortoise egg.
The disease of control tortoise, will observe the row shape of tortoise every day, in time the disease of control tortoise, and every 15 days with the young tortoise of 10ppm disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate and young tortoise pond.Note the sterilization of water quality mould, prevention tortoise flu diarrhoea, supercilious look disease, anti-tortoise baits injured Infective mutually, as water body matter difference or rotten, easily causes tortoise height floccule, is castrated with 0.5% hundred poisoning star immersion bubble; Just rush down as tortoise has, mix foodstuff feeding with the occrycetin that aquatic products is special; The white-eyes-sickness of the wound that swells if any eye, first steeps salt solution, smears eyedrops, then shines daylight at the sun at 8-10 o'clock every morning, is isolated in drought-hit area; There is as run into tortoise to stir abnormal anoxia phenomenon, soaking with special Huang grass detoxification Chinese traditional medicine; If any stopping eating, the cold symptoms of bubbling opening and so on, with Chinese medicine water extracting liquids such as Radix Isatidis, folium isatidis, Paris polyphylla, Homogeneous phase mixing on the food being applied to Mauremys mutica, preventive dose reduces by half use, or used quick-resulted anti-cold pills is mixed food and fed and control; As indoor solar illumination deficiency, every day is with 2 hours sunshine of full spectrum lamp.
Specific embodiment
Cultivation place is positioned at certain community residential building room close, south, Fusui County, and belong to typical south subtropics weather, annual illumination is sufficient, the room that place takies is 12 square metres, adopts indoor culture, builds 2, foster tortoise pond frame by the present invention, settle 6 tortoise ponds, the young tortoise time limit uses 3 tortoise ponds; Install water power to put in place, install scupper hose and can receive toilet drainage; The firm V-type steel of three-dimensional brandreth are barricaded as three-dimensional rack-layer 3 layers, and every layer fills some crossbeam steel bars, and to prevent from sinking during the case dress water of water pond distortion, floor height 65CM, every layer of length and width 200cm × 100cm, puts upper rack-layer pond case; Connect running water water filling with movable water pipe, also mix up water temperature by usual pool inner water temperature 29C+10C when changing water, then just inject in pond, water injection rate flooded the curvature of the spinal column with the water surface is advisable, and the tortoise mating season water injection rate after 4 years will reach 22-25CM; Every layer of pond bridge joint pacifies a full spectrum lamp; Use WK cultivation intelligent temperature controller temperature control to connect flat ceramic heating lamp to be contained in the case water of tortoise pond, make pond water temperature remain on 29 DEG C of+10C for a long time; Each temperature controller controls 1 pond case, and flat ceramic heating lamp uses the heating lamp of 130W to install 2 by 1 pond, ensures that difference variation is more than 20C, makes Mauremys mutica not hibernation in winter, is also not easy flu; Within general one day, change water once, have water body to go bad after the feeding that sometimes at every turn feeds intake and namely change clear water; Tortoise pond administrative staff are relatively fixing, several tortoise ponds of people's ALARA Principle, by intensive care, guarantee that tortoise body is grown up healthy and sound, become the commodity tortoise of high-quality.
The present invention is simple and easy to do, for the personage at various age, particularly working clan crowd provide a kind of cultivation way to become rich in the town-dweller-rural-family that water power possesses; Embodiment of the present invention can be local cultivation industry department and provide a kind of garden aquaculture model, also listed in specification and embodiment utilization is not limited only to, applicable association area of the present invention can be applied to, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize and innovate, the present invention be not limited to specific details.
Claims (4)
1. the invention provides a kind of artificial indoor rearing's method of southern Mauremys mutica, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) tortoise seedling is educated
(1) incubator box prepares: incubator box adopts the bubble chamber of 60cm × 30cm × 50cm, prior wet husky about the 5cm through the sterilization of potassium permanganate liquid spray painting of paving under case respectively, incubator box is at wash clean (washing with boiling water) before, and be exposed to the sun more than 2 days, above tortoise egg yaw, egg spacing 2 centimetres, carries out lid 3 centimetres of wet fine sands again above after sequencing, the two the can be put by same method, finally on Shamian Island, cover wet cloth or wet towel.
(2) tortoise hatching: incubator box is placed on scattering sunlight, by normal temperature normal incubation, is not incubated, dry after wet before taking, and reduces the regularity water spray moisturizing tortoise egg of moisture content gradually, just can hatch young tortoise through the hatchings of 55-65 days.
2) tortoise is propagated artificially
(1) three-dimensional brandreth tortoise pond prepares: be barricaded as three-dimensional rack-layer layer 2-3 with firm V-type steel, every layer fills some crossbeam steel bars, and to prevent from sinking during the case dress water of water pond distortion, floor height 65-70CM, length and width are determined according to tortoise pond case, and pond case is put upper rack-layer; Running water water filling is connect with movable water pipe; Every layer of pond bridge joint pacifies the full spectrum lamp of a 75W; Layering is put into moveable box tortoise pond and is cultivated, and tortoise pond brandreth is barricaded as three-dimensional layer 2-3 and arranges.
(2) tortoise injected volume: young tortoise injected volume 20-40/M
2, its appetite grows slowly less, and within 2 to 3 years, tortoise body weight can reach 1200 to 2000 grams, injected volume 10-15/M
2.
(3) feeding: put movable feeding platform in material charging region, table top is about 25CM, wide about 15CM, high flow surface 2CM, first 3 months, every day, feeding 2 times, got feeding capacity ready by tortoise weight 6% at every turn, and the animal meat based on fresh fish and exquisiteness are raised spice powder and fed, and every 5 days add 1% vitamin, aquatic products calcium powder material, through raising 3 wheat harvesting period, body weight grows to about 50-100 gram, after 250 grams, growth rate is accelerated, annual 5-9 month appetite is the most prosperous, grow the fastest, every day feeding 2-3 time, get feeding capacity ready by tortoise weight 7-10% at every turn, animal meat and exquisiteness are raised spice powder and are fed, within every 10 days, press feeding 2% adds vitamin, aquatic products calcium powder material, morning 8:00-10:00 and afternoon each 1 time of 17:00-19:00, as when tortoise helps digestion large also will at night 10 time throw something and feed again 1 time, the feeding habits of stone tortoise are omnivorousness, feed resource of the present invention is wide, based on the feed of artificial preparation of throwing something and feeding, to throw something and feed earthworm, yellow mealworm, fishes and shrimps, pluck, melon and fruit, vegetables, browse, any of several broadleaf plants class etc., like best with fresh fish meat and eat, stone tortoise is liked looking for food in water, generally first food is bitten when ingesting, then swallow fast, when selecting feed, adopt meat to rub mixing the mash feed being preced with magnificent board in the young tortoise phase is the best, becomes the pellet of tortoise with family's victory board for the best.
(4) be incubated: for ensureing Mauremys mutica not hibernation in winter, using WK cultivation intelligent temperature controller temperature control to connect flat ceramic heating lamp is contained in the case water of tortoise pond, make pond water temperature remain on 29oC+10C for a long time, as long as no difference variation more than 20C, Mauremys mutica is just not easy flu; Each WK cultivates intelligent temperature controller and controls 1 pond case, and described flat ceramic heating lamp uses the heating lamp of 130W to install 1 by 1 square metre.
(5) water is changed: duty changes pure and fresh clear water, water is changed after the meal 1 time during general 19:30 every afternoon, sometimes feed intake at every turn within after feeding 1.5 hours, namely change clear water if any water body is rotten, timely row changes the Chi Shui of material charging region, then inject cleanliness without any pollution clear water, inject from behaviour area, guarantee that water quality is pure and fresh, also mix up water temperature by usual pool inner water temperature 29C+10C when changing water, then just inject in pond.
(6) integrated control disease: young tortoise every first quarter moon allicin agent sterilization once, also plays appetite-stimulating indigestion-relieving effect; As water body matter difference or rotten, easily cause tortoise height floccule, soak with hundred poisoning stars and be castrated; Just rush down as tortoise has, mix foodstuff feeding with the occrycetin that aquatic products is special; The white-eyes-sickness of the wound that swells if any eye, first steeps salt solution, smears eyedrops, then shines daylight at the sun at 8-10 o'clock every morning, is isolated in drought-hit area.There is as run into tortoise to stir abnormal anoxia phenomenon, soaking with special Huang grass detoxification Chinese traditional medicine.If any stopping eating, the cold symptoms of bubbling opening and so on, mix food with bloom medicine or used quick-resulted anti-cold pills and feed and control.As indoor solar illumination deficiency, every day is with 2 hours sunshine of full spectrum lamp.
(7) become tortoise: the row shape will observing tortoise every day, note the sterilization of water quality mould, prevention tortoise flu diarrhoea, supercilious look disease, anti-tortoise baits injured Infective mutually, by intensive care, guarantees that tortoise body is grown up healthy and sound, becomes the commodity tortoise of high-quality.Within 4 years, tortoise grows into sexual maturity, and weight can reach 2000-2500kg, and sexually matured tortoise is in 4-6 month and 9-11 month mating; The female tortoise be generally in a good state of nutrition can produce 1-4 deutovum in 1 year, each 1-10 piece ovum not etc., when year lays eggs maximum more than 30 pieces.
2. according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: preferably tortoise hatching: incubator box environmental temperature not higher than 34 degree, indoor air temperature 2-3 degree about lower than outside air temperature, first 15 day every day water spray secondary, second 15 day every day sprays water once, 3rd 15 days two days water spray once, must control well, and too wet tortoise egg easily breaks by moisture, bacterial invasion causes infection, during by the 50th day, young tortoise finalizes the design almost, and can stop water spray.
3. according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: preferably tortoise egg disruption treatments: as tortoise egg breaks liquid body exudate, namely with transparent rubberizing, crack is touched, prevent there is new liquid body exudate again, and reduce water spray.
4. according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: preferably tortoise pond case: adopt plastic plate to be welded into the square tortoise pond of preventing water leakage, pond case height 32-35CM, length and width are determined according to space, place, material charging region and behaviour area is divided into movable dividing plate in tortoise pond, the tangent place of dividing plate and pond wants dense water-tight, and 5CM drainpipe is offered in material charging region, so that daily draining; 1/2 region of behaviour area installs one deck drought additional and shine platen, height 28CM at the bottom of hanger plate distance pond, need to leave water body to provide tortoise and have a rest, the pool side surrounding of shining platen increases 30CM, and flat roof is connected with wire side gangboard with at the bottom of pond, to facilitate tortoise up and down; In the female tortoise egg-laying period, the dress that flat roof furnishes enabling rustles case, should spread the silt of 25 cm thicks above, lay eggs for close tortoise.
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