CN101213947A - Mauremys mutica hatching method - Google Patents
Mauremys mutica hatching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101213947A CN101213947A CNA2007100330247A CN200710033024A CN101213947A CN 101213947 A CN101213947 A CN 101213947A CN A2007100330247 A CNA2007100330247 A CN A2007100330247A CN 200710033024 A CN200710033024 A CN 200710033024A CN 101213947 A CN101213947 A CN 101213947A
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- hatching
- vermiculite
- mauremys mutica
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a hatching method of Mauremys mutica. In propagation season, ventilate plastic box is taken as hatching box. Vermiculite layer of 3-6cm thickness is laid on the bottom of the hatching box as hatching medium. Fertilized eggs are put on the hatching medium with the space of 0.3-0.8cm, and then another layer of vermiculite of 2-3cm thickness is covered on the fertilized eggs. The humidity of the vermiculite layers in the whole hatching period is maintained 15 percent-20 percent, and the temperature in the whole hatching period is controlled 25-33 centigrade. Young tortoises are hatched 55-63 days. The invention adopts the vermiculite as the hatching medium, makes use of the preferable warmth retention property, moisture retention property and permeability of the vermiculite, improves the hatching success rate of the Mauremys mutica, shortens the hatching period and enhances the quality of newborn young tortoises.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hatching m of a kind of aquatic livestock, especially relate to the hatching m of a kind of Mauremys mutica.
Background technology
Mauremys mutica, formal name used at school: Mauremys mutica Cantor1842, be commonly called as stone tortoise, terrapin, yellow tortoise and fragrant tortoise, illustrious name: Yellow pond turtle, being subordinate to Chelonia, Testudinidae, belonging to aquatic Chelonian, is the good Chelonian of cultivating tortoise with green alga, Mauremys mutica nutritious, and have higher viewing and admiring and medical value.Mainly be distributed in ground such as Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Taiwan at home, be distributed in Vietnam, Japan abroad.Restriction because of natural conditions; the field hatching success rate of Mauremys mutica is lower always; it has become endangered species and has listed the list of " CITS (CITES) " appendix II in; also be one of aquatic livestock of Guangdong Province's protection, be subjected to people's attention in recent years gradually.
The fertility of Mauremys mutica is lower, and at natural world, the female tortoise of a maturation lays eggs only several pieces, and the success rate of open-air hatching is very low simultaneously; At present, the tortoise ovum hatching of manually carrying out, in whole mating season, average brooding time takes 73.8 days under the natural temperature, and incubation rate only is 84.2%; Chinese invention patent discloses a kind of " Mauremys mutica incubation method ", the patent No. is 200510121367.x, it is to use sand grains as incubation medium, cooperates suitable temperature, can shorten the incubation period greatly, when under 32～34 ℃ incubation temperature, incubation period is 57～62 days, still, and under this temperature, low the of poor quality of young tortoise that reach of hatching success rate is unfavorable for the development of this species aquaculture.Improving fertility and the success rate of hatching and the quality of young tortoise of Mauremys mutica, is the target that people will reach when carrying out artificial propagation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hatching m that can shorten the incubation period, strengthen the Mauremys mutica of newborn young quality and raising hatching success rate.
Purpose of the present invention realizes by following technical scheme: the hatching m of a kind of Mauremys mutica, in mating season, make incubator box with ventilative plastic box, the vermiculite layers that shop 3～6cm is thick at the bottom of incubator box is as incubation medium, and put into fertilized egg, distance is 0.3～0.8cm between fertilized egg, covers the thick vermiculite layers of 2～3cm again, and the humidity of whole incubation period vermiculite layers remains on 15～25%; The temperature of whole incubation period is controlled at 25～33 ℃, hatched young tortoise in 55～63 days.
The particle diameter of described vermiculite is 0.24～0.72mm, and vermiculite is disinfected through exposure in sunshine before putting into incubator box.
Be coated with the plastic film of perforation on the described plastic box.On the one hand, the plastic film of perforation can make the incubator box and the external world maintain the circulation of air, and obtains air permeable effect preferably; On the other hand, can reduce the volatilization of moisture in the case, keep certain humidity condition in the casing.
The present invention uses vermiculite as incubation medium, utilizes vermiculite warmth retention property, moisture retention and permeability preferably, improves hatching success rate, shortening incubation period, the newborn young quality of enhancing of Mauremys mutica.Also be convenient to management, help the development of Mauremys mutica aquaculture.
Embodiment
In mating season, make incubator box with ventilative plastic box, promptly on plastic box, be coated with the plastic film of perforation, the vermiculite layers that shop 3～6cm is thick at the bottom of incubator box is as incubation medium, this vermiculite is disinfected through exposure in sunshine, and put into fertilized egg, distance is 0.3～0.8cm between fertilized egg, keeps not contact just can implement between the fertilized egg; Cover the thick vermiculite layers of 2～3cm again, the humidity range of whole incubation period vermiculite layers is for remaining on 15～25%, the medial humidity of whole incubation period is about 20% (volume ratio of water and vermiculite), humidity is to measure with the soil moisture sensor of being bought on the market (model AQUA-TEL-TDR, Americanized).Incubator box is put into constant incubator, and the temperature during by constant incubator control hatching is by showing the temperature in the incubator box at incubator box vermiculite layers 2～3cm place insertion mercurial thermometer.Also whole hatching process can be finished under the indoor natural temperature in June, July and the August in every year, under natural temperature, there is certain day and night temperature, and the good heat-insulating property of vermiculite makes incubation temperature maintain in the comparatively stable scope, temperature range is 25～33 ℃, and the mean temperature of whole incubation period is about 29 ℃, inserts mercurial thermometer at incubator box vermiculite layers 2～3cm place and shows temperature in the incubator box, hatched young tortoise in 55～63 days, the average incubation period is 59.4 days.
The specific a certain moment of every day during incubation, soil moisture sensor imbedded do not bury the vermiculite layers of putting fertilized egg in the incubator box, measure the humidity of vermiculite layers, with watering can water directly is sprayed to the vermiculite surface then, when the humidity of vermiculite layers is consistent with original humidity, get final product.
Under same temperature condition, use vermiculite to carry out the test of Mauremys mutica incubation as incubation medium with using sand, earth, its test effect has notable difference:
1, the incubation period significantly shortens
Under natural temperature, have certain day and night temperature, so the quality of incubation medium heat insulating ability can influence the incubation temperature of Mauremys mutica ovum to some extent.The incubation medium of good heat preservation performance can make into the incubation temperature of hatching and maintain comparatively stable temperature range, makes the embryonic development speed of ovum maintain higher level in the whole incubation period, therefore can shorten the incubation period.Incubation period significant difference (the F of Mauremys mutica ovum under three kinds of incubation medium conditions
2,79=5.82, P＜0.05).Be respectively 61.2 ± 0.8d, 60.9 ± 0.3d and 59.4 ± 0.3d with earth, sand and vermiculite as incubation period of incubation medium.Wherein, the shortest (59.4 ± 0.3d), having preferably with vermiculite, heat insulating ability conforms to the incubation period of the Mauremys mutica ovum of vermiculite processed group.
2, newborn young quality significantly improves
Long (the F of the carapace of the newborn young of incubation medium appreciable impact
2,79=4.88, P＜0.05), the wide (F of carapace
2,79=6.96, P＜0.005), the long (F of plastron
2,79=3.96, P＜0.05) and the wide (F of plastron
2,79=2.61, P＜0.05).Vermiculite is as the specification maximum of the newborn young that hatches of incubation medium.It has been generally acknowledged that young individuality is bigger, its chance of getting off of surviving is just big more.
When being measured, the athletic performance of the newborn young that hatches under three kinds of ambient conditions finds that the active individuals of vermiculite group is maximum.The newborn young of earth, sand and vermiculite group shared ratio of actionless individuality on swimming lane is respectively 37.50%, 30.00% and 27.78%.Swum the 1000mm required time with the young that earth, sand and vermiculite are hatched as incubation medium, earth processed group young required time is the longest, and the sand processed group is taken second place, and the vermiculite processed group is the shortest.Above result shows, the athletic performance of the young that vermiculite is hatched during as incubation medium is best, and promptly the young is best in quality.
What earth was hatched during as incubation medium is individual minimum, and actionless individual number is maximum, and locomitivity is the poorest; Vermiculite is hatched during as incubation medium individual maximum, and locomitivity is best; And sand is hatched individual size during as incubation medium and is fallen between, and its locomitivity also falls between.The quality of newborn young locomitivity is related to Mauremys mutica at natural survival probability, and locomitivity is good more, then can hide extraneous predator's invasion and attack better and catch food, helps it and survives.
Do not protect the ovum behavior after Mauremys mutica lays eggs, in the artificial incubation process, because incubation medium can make ovum avoid extraneous extruding, and keeps the relatively stable of incubation temperature and humidity, so the selection of incubation medium is hatched the extremely crucial effect of playing to ovum.Mauremys mutica mainly originates in ovum in the loose earth in the open air, and the back parent of laying eggs can be taken off soil ovum is buried, and adopts earth can simulate the state of the open-air hatching of Mauremys mutica ovum as incubation medium as far as possible; Except earth, sand is many incubation mediums that adopts in the artificial incubation of Mauremys mutica ovum; Vermiculite has been applied to the test of reptile ovum hatching research as incubation medium.Vermiculite proportion is little, operates lightly, and simultaneously its heat insulating ability, moisture retention and permeability all are better than earth and sand.Result of the test shows, the incubation medium appreciable impact incubation period of Mauremys mutica ovum, hatching success rate, chorion the ratio of be full of cracks and the part morphological feature of the newborn young appear.
3, the hatching success rate significantly improves
The hatching success rate of incubation medium appreciable impact Mauremys mutica ovum, the hatching success rate of vermiculite group is the highest, and the hatching success rate of sand group is taken second place, and earth is minimum.Under the identical processing management condition, the vermiculite group is higher by 15% than sand group, and is higher by 50% than earth group.In embryo development procedure, ovum needs constantly to draw oxygen and give off carbon dioxide from environment, and the incubation medium permeability is good, helps guaranteeing embryo's normal development into hatching and the oxygen in the external world and the exchange of carbonic acid gas.When ovum is hatched under the relatively poor incubation medium of permeability, embryonic development requisite oxygen unsaturated vapor, carbonic acid gas is discharged not smooth, and this may cause ovum to be choked to death.The permeability of vermiculite all will be got well than sand and earth, and sand is better than earth again, so its hatching success rate also so from high to low.
The ratio that be full of cracks appears in the chorion of going into to hatch becomes negative correlation with brooding time, becomes positive correlation with the hatching success rate.The ovum that be full of cracks appears in the vermiculite group is maximum.The Mauremys mutica ovum is the rigidity ovum, also can absorb moisture from environment of hatching but the rigidity ovum is the same with flexible ovum, and the caliche of chorion can become fragile in the hatching later stage, crack performance occurred.The water content of incubation medium can influence the exchange of moisture between ovum and incubation medium.In three kinds of incubation mediums, the moisture retention of vermiculite is best, so the shared ratio of ovum maximum (40%) of chorion crack performance appears in the vermiculite group.In addition, crack performance can directly contact membrana putaminis with medium, and the chance that the embryo absorbs moisture and oxygen can increase, and accelerates its embryonic development speed, thereby has shortened the incubation period, has also improved success rate.
4, easy and simple to handle, be easy to management
Vermiculite proportion is little, be easy to move and operate, and gas permeability is better, need not often stir the top layer vermiculite of incubator box, has reduced the chance of damaging the tortoise ovum because of stirring, has also lowered management intensity simultaneously, makes hatching management more easy to operate.
Different incubation mediums are all influential to Mauremys mutica embryonic development, newborn young form and locomitivity.Select vermiculite will help hatching success rate of Mauremys mutica and the survival rate of young tortoise, be convenient to management, help the development of Mauremys mutica aquaculture as incubation medium.
Claims (3)
1. the hatching m of a Mauremys mutica, it is characterized in that: in mating season, make incubator box with ventilative plastic box, the vermiculite layers that shop 3～6cm is thick at the bottom of incubator box is as incubation medium, and put into fertilized egg, distance is 0.3～0.8cm between fertilized egg, covers the thick vermiculite layers of 2～3cm again, and the humidity of whole incubation period vermiculite layers remains on 15～25%; The temperature of whole incubation period is controlled at 25～33 ℃, hatched young tortoise in 55～63 days.
2. the hatching m of Mauremys mutica according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described vermiculite is 0.24～0.72mm, and vermiculite is disinfected through exposure in sunshine before putting into incubator box.
3. the hatching m of Mauremys mutica according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the plastic film that is coated with perforation on the described incubator box.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN2007100330247A CN101213947B (en) | 2007-12-29 | 2007-12-29 | Mauremys mutica hatching method |
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| CN2007100330247A CN101213947B (en) | 2007-12-29 | 2007-12-29 | Mauremys mutica hatching method |
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| CN101213947A true CN101213947A (en) | 2008-07-09 |
| CN101213947B CN101213947B (en) | 2011-05-04 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102885004A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2013-01-23 | 陆洪良 | Simple method for hatching male larva of mauremys mutica |
| CN104381194A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-03-04 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Artificial breeding method for Chinemys reevesii-Ocadia sinensis hybrid turtles |
| CN104381204A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-03-04 | 玉莉带 | Artificial indoor feeding method for Asian yellow pond turtles in south |
| TWI508657B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-11-21 | Univ Nat Pingtung Sci & Tech | A method for controlling the process of hatching of trionychidae zygotes |
| CN106386664A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 北海市铁山港区华俊养殖有限公司 | Short-cycle hatching method for male yellow pond turtles |
| CN107318720A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-11-07 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所热带水产研究开发中心 | A kind of clown fish hatches ovum collecting device |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1279011A (en) * | 1999-06-24 | 2001-01-10 | 吴文龙 | Method and equipment for incubating eggs of tortoise or turtle |
| CN100506032C (en) * | 2005-12-31 | 2009-07-01 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | Mauremys mutica incubation method |
-
2007
- 2007-12-29 CN CN2007100330247A patent/CN101213947B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102885004A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2013-01-23 | 陆洪良 | Simple method for hatching male larva of mauremys mutica |
| TWI508657B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-11-21 | Univ Nat Pingtung Sci & Tech | A method for controlling the process of hatching of trionychidae zygotes |
| CN104381194A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-03-04 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Artificial breeding method for Chinemys reevesii-Ocadia sinensis hybrid turtles |
| CN104381204A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-03-04 | 玉莉带 | Artificial indoor feeding method for Asian yellow pond turtles in south |
| CN106386664A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 北海市铁山港区华俊养殖有限公司 | Short-cycle hatching method for male yellow pond turtles |
| CN107318720A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-11-07 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所热带水产研究开发中心 | A kind of clown fish hatches ovum collecting device |
| CN107318720B (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2023-04-14 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Clown fish hatching egg collection device |
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| CN101213947B (en) | 2011-05-04 |
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Inventor after: Zhu Xinping Inventor after: Guo Jianhong Inventor after: Wei Chengqing Inventor after: Zhao Weihua Inventor after: Chen Yongle Inventor before: Zhu Xinping Inventor before: Guo Jianhong Inventor before: Wei Chengqing Inventor before: Zhao Weihua Inventor before: Chen Yongle |
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Granted publication date: 20110504 Termination date: 20111229 |