CN104012432A - Method suitable for artificial breeding of CrassOstrea hongkongensis in sea area in north - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method suitable for artificial breeding of CrassOstrea hongkongensis in a sea area in the north. The method suitable for artificial breeding of CrassOstrea hongkongensis in the sea area in the north is characterized by comprising the steps that firstly, CrassOstrea hongkongensis adult shellfish with a shell higher than 10 cm are selected, the CrassOstrea hongkongensis adult shellfish are placed in breeding ponds in high-temperature summer (July and August) with the density of 40-50 pieces/m<3> under the conditions that the water temperature ranges from 26 DEG C to 30 DEG C and the salinity ranges from 25 to 32, artificial oviposition and spermiation are conducted after the CrassOstrea hongkongensis adult shellfish are bred for 10 days to 15 days, spawn and sperms are placed in a breeding pond containing filtered sea water to be discharged naturally after being dried in the shade for five hours to eight hours, or the spawn and the sperms are obtained after the male shellfish and female shellfish are distinguished manually, and then artificial insemination is conducted; germ cells are hatched for 18 hours to 20 hours under the condition that the water temperature ranges from 26 DEG C to 32 DEG C so that D type larvas can be obtained, the D type larvas are placed in ponds to be bred with the density of 6-8 pieces/m<3>, when 50%-80% of the D type larvas become eyespot larvas after the D type larvas are hatched for 15 days to 18 days, oyster shell and cement block substrata are placed into the ponds, and juvenile mollusk is obtained after the eyespot larvas adheres to the oyster shell and cement block substrata for four days to six days; finally, the juvenile mollusk adhering to the oyster shell and cement block substrata is moved into outdoor ponds to be bred, the juvenile mollusk is transported to a sea area in the south to be bred in an overland mode at lower temperature after the juvenile mollusk is 5 mm-10 mm long. By the adoption of the method suitable for artificial breeding of CrassOstrea hongkongensis in the sea area in the north, the problems that the rate of fertilization for artificial breeding of the CrassOstrea hongkongensis in the south is low and the survival rate of the larvas is low are solved.

Description

A method suitable for artificial breeding of Hong Kong giant oyster in the northern sea area

technical field

The invention relates to a method for producing seedlings of Hong Kong giant oyster, in particular to a method suitable for artificial breeding of Hong Kong giant oyster in the northern sea area.

Background technique

The Hong Kong giant oyster (CrassOstrea hongkongensis) is a high-temperature and low-salt species that inhabits near the estuary or near the place where fresh water is injected. It has a breeding history of more than 700 years. It is a unique economic shellfish in the southern sea area of my country. It is white, and the mantle is mostly black. It has the characteristics of beautiful color and delicious meat. The market price is 1-2 times higher than other oysters such as long oysters, and its market prospect is broad.

At present, China's giant oyster seedlings from Hong Kong are mainly semi-artificially collected seedlings, but the collection of wild seedlings is limited by seasons, and the output is unstable, which limits the development of the Hong Kong giant oyster aquaculture industry. With the expansion of the breeding scale, There is more and more demand for Hong Kong giant oyster seedlings. Due to the influence of Hong Kong giant oyster seedlings on seedling technology, facilities and conditions, the success rate of seedlings is low, and the attachment and metamorphosis of eye-spot larvae is the technical bottleneck, which has caused the Hong Kong giant oyster. The emergence of oyster seedlings is extremely low, which cannot reach the level of productive seedlings, and cannot meet the needs of breeding units for seedlings. Aiming at the technical problems of giant oyster seedlings in Hong Kong, developing new seedling methods is the key to solving the problems. Giant oyster natural seedlings grow slowly and have a long breeding cycle.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method suitable for artificial seedling cultivation of Hong Kong giant oyster in the northern sea area, which can overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art.

A method suitable for artificial breeding of Hong Kong giant oysters in the northern sea area is characterized in that firstly the Hong Kong giant oyster with a shell height of more than 10 cm is selected in the southern sea area for cultivation, and the shells are transported to the outdoor seawater ponds in the northern sea area at low temperature for storage and cultivation; In the shellfish nursery, in the summer (July-August) high temperature season, Hong Kong giant oyster seed shells are selected and placed in the nursery pond at a rate of 40-50/m ³ . Under certain conditions, broilers are cultured for 10-15 days according to the conventional method of indoor artificial ripening of shellfish, and then artificially spawn and ejaculate. Discharge, or artificially distinguish male and female broodstock to obtain sperm and eggs for artificial insemination; under the condition of water temperature 26-32°C, the fertilized eggs will hatch into D-type larvae after 18-20 hours, and the selection is optimal at 6-8 pcs/ Cultivate ponds with a density of ^m3 , and cultivate larvae according to conventional shellfish larvae cultivation techniques. After 15-18 days of cultivation, when 50-80% of the eye-spot larvae appear, start to put oyster shells and cement block attachment bases, the eye-spots of Hong Kong giant oyster After 4-6 days, the larvae attach and metamorphose into spat; finally, the attachment base attached to the spat is moved to an outdoor pond for cultivation, and the spat use the single-celled algae in the pond to grow and develop, and after they grow to 5-10mm, they are transported dry at low temperature to the southern sea area for breeding.

The invention solves the problems of low fertilization rate, low survival rate of larvae and low attachment metamorphosis rate of giant oyster indoor artificial breeding in southern Hong Kong. At the same time, the present invention can utilize the idle period of the shellfish nursery workshop in the high temperature period in the north to realize the artificial seedling cultivation of Hong Kong giant oyster in the north and culture in the south, overcome the problem of slow growth of natural seedlings, and shorten the cultivation time of Hong Kong giant oyster.

Detailed ways

A method suitable for artificial breeding of Hong Kong giant oyster in the northern sea area is characterized in that firstly, the Hong Kong giant oyster with a shell height of more than 10 cm is selected in the southern sea area as a shellfish, and transported to the outdoor seawater pond in the northern sea area at low temperature for storage and cultivation; In the shellfish nursery, in the high temperature season of summer (July-August), Hong Kong giant oyster seed shells are selected and placed in the nursery pond at a rate of 40-50/m ³ . Under certain conditions, broilers are cultured for 10-15 days according to the conventional method of indoor artificial ripening of shellfish, and then artificially spawn and ejaculate, and after 5-8 hours of drying in the shade for oviposition and ejaculation, they are placed in a filtered seawater nursery pond for natural discharge , can also be manually dissected to distinguish between male and female, obtain sperm and eggs, and carry out artificial insemination; under the condition of water temperature 26-32 ℃, the fertilized eggs will hatch into D-type larvae after 18-20 hours, and the optimal selection is 6-8/ Cultivate ponds with a density of ^m3 , and cultivate larvae according to conventional shellfish larvae cultivation techniques. After 15-18 days of cultivation, when 50-80% of the eye-spot larvae appear, start to put oyster shells and cement block attachment bases, the eye-spots of Hong Kong giant oyster After 4-6 days, the larvae attach and metamorphose into spat; finally, move the attachment base attached to the spat to an outdoor pond for cultivation, and the spat use the single-celled algae in the pond to grow and develop, and dry transport at low temperature after they grow to 5-10mm to the southern sea area for breeding.

The invention solves the problems of low fertilization rate, low survival rate of larvae and low attachment metamorphosis rate of giant oyster indoor artificial breeding in southern Hong Kong. Simultaneously, the present invention can make use of the idle period of the shellfish nursery workshop in the high temperature period in the north to realize artificial seedling cultivation in the north of Hong Kong giant oyster and culture in the south, overcome the problem of slow growth rate of natural seedlings, shorten the breeding time of Hong Kong giant oyster, and increase the number of large oysters in the north during the high temperature period in summer. Utilization rate of nursery workshop.

Claims (1)

1. A method suitable for artificial breeding of Hong Kong giant oyster in the northern sea area is characterized in that at first the Hong Kong giant oyster with a shell height of more than 10cm is selected in the southern sea area to become a shellfish, and the low temperature is transported to the outdoor seawater pond in the northern sea area to raise and cultivate; then, select Formal shellfish nursery farms, in the summer (July-August) high temperature season, select Hong Kong giant oyster seed shells, put them in nursery ponds at a rate of 40-50/m ³ , at a water temperature of 26-30°C and a salinity of 25°C. Under the condition of -32, broilers are cultured for 10-15 days according to the conventional method of artificial ripening of shellfish indoors, then artificially lay eggs and ejaculate, and dry them in the shade for 5-8 hours after oviposition and ejaculation, and then put them into the nursery pond for natural discharge , can also manually distinguish male and female broodstock, obtain sperm and eggs, and carry out artificial insemination; under the condition of water temperature 26-32 ℃, the fertilized eggs will hatch to D-type larvae after 18-20 hours, and the optimal selection is 6-8 per m ^3- density cloth pond cultivation, larvae cultivation is carried out according to the conventional shellfish larvae cultivation technology, after 15-18 days of cultivation, when 50-80% of the eye-spot larvae appear, start to put oyster shells and cement block attachment base, the eye-spot larvae of Hong Kong giant oyster After 4-6 days of attachment and metamorphosis, the spat will become attached to the spat; finally, the attachment base attached to the spat will be moved to the outdoor pond for cultivation. The spat will grow and develop with the single-celled algae in the pond, and will be transported dry at low temperature after growing to 5-10mm. Breeding in the southern sea area.