CN106386600A - Farming methods of crayfishes - Google Patents
Farming methods of crayfishes Download PDFInfo
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- CN106386600A CN106386600A CN201510463113.XA CN201510463113A CN106386600A CN 106386600 A CN106386600 A CN 106386600A CN 201510463113 A CN201510463113 A CN 201510463113A CN 106386600 A CN106386600 A CN 106386600A
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- pond
- water
- crayfishes
- shrimp
- procambarus clarkii
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to a farming method of crayfishes which comprises a method 1 comprising the steps of selecting a farming pond which is a concrete pond with an area of 30-40 m<2> and a water depth of 0.6-0.8m; before putting juvenile crayfishes into the pond, strictly disinfecting the pond, applying a basic fertilizer to cultivate the plankton so as to provide an initial feed, wherein the area of transplanted aquatic plants accounts for 30 % of the water area of the pond; and putting 100,000-15,000 juvenile crayfishes of 0.8cm in length per mu; with natural baits as main feeds in the early phase, appropriately feeding soybean milk and surimi; and taking artificial baits as main feeds with the increase of individual size; and a method 2 comprising the steps of draining the pond, performing disinfecting and exposure under the blazing sun for quite a long time, allowing pond ridges to be in order, dredging silt in the pond with bleaching powder, and disinfecting the pond 20-30 days before crayfish species are subjected to stocking; after primary fertilization, topdressing a chemical fertilizer according to the change of pH value, water color and transparency to maintain the water color of the pond in light green and dark brown; and feeding 50-100kg of juvenile crayfishes per mu, wherein the specification is 100-200 crayfishes/kg. The farming method provided by the invention makes full use of the farming time and space, effectively increases the yield of the crayfishes and does not waste the water resources. The sustainable development is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of cultural technique field, more particularly, to Procambarus clarkii.
Background technology
Procambarus clarkii is economic freshwater shrimps, and because meat flavour deliciousness is extensively popular to people, it is similar to shrimp and carapace is hard, and adult is about 5.6-11.9cm, kermesinus, carapace partly nearly black, and belly back side has a wedge shape striped.Juvenile prawn body is uniform Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt, sometimes has a black ripple, and chela is long and narrow.Do not separated by areola in the middle part of carapace, carapace substantially has granule, volume sword tool gemmule or volume sword end tool indentation.Because of Procambarus clarkii omnivorousness, fast growth, adaptable and form absolute competitive advantage in local environment, Procambarus clarkii has become as Important Economic breed variety in China in recent years.
Procambarus clarkii adaptability is extremely wide, has wider suitable growth temperature, all can normal growth develop when water temperature is for 10-30 DEG C.Also can high temperature resistant severe cold, can tolerate more than 40 DEG C of high temperature, also can temperature be less than -14 DEG C in the case of safely survive the winter.Procambarus clarkii growth is rapid, the cultivation at suitable temperature and sufficient bait supply situation, through 2 wheat harvesting periods, you can reach sexual maturity, and reach commercial sized prawn specification, and typically male shrimp growth is faster than female shrimp, and commercial sized prawn specification is also big compared with female shrimp.The same with many Crustaceans, the growth of procambarus clarkii, also along with shell, during shell, typically finds things concealed, such as in pasture and water clump or under plant leaf blade.After shell, up to 95%, general shell can reach sexual maturity for 11 times to weight limit incrementss, and sexual maturity individuality can continue growth of casting off a skin.Its life-span is not long, about 1 year.But in the case that deprivation of food, temperature are relatively low and relatively more arid, the life-span is at most up to 2-3.
Happiness is burrowed Procambarus clarkii mating period, and cave is located at the above 20cm of the pond water surface, and depth reaches 60cm to 1.2m, inside has a small amount of hydrops, and to keep humidity, hole is typically sealed with mud cap, to reduce moisture loss.After the night of summer or heavy rain, it has the custom of climbing disembarkation, can cross dykes and dams, enters other water bodys.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide Procambarus clarkii cultural method easy to spread and implement.
For realizing the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides the cultural method of Procambarus clarkii, including.
Method 1, cultivation pool area 30-40m2, the cement pit of depth of water 0.6-0.8m；Put before seedling to pond strict sterilization, basal dressing is cultivated plankton and provided open-mouthed bait, transplanting pasture and water area accounts for the 30% of the water surface；Every mu of input 0.8cm young shrimp 10-15 ten thousand tail, in early days based on natural bait, suitably feeds bean milk and minced fish, with individual increase based on artitificial food.
Described artitificial food has one or more of bean cake, rapeseed cake, wheat bran, Semen Maydiss, dish leaf.
Method 2, when 20-30 days, the water in pond was drained, sterilization is exposed to the sun before shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed, arrange Chi Geng, remove the mud in pond using bleaching powder, thoroughly to pond disinfection；After first time applies fertilizer, be according to conditions such as pH value, water colour, the changes of transparency, additional chemical fertilizer, keep the water colour of pond water to be maintained in light green and dark brown, pH value is maintained at 7.5-8.5, and transparency is in 20-30cm；Then shrimp seedling injected volume is every mu of 50-100kg, and shrimp seedling specification is 100-200/kg.
Compared with prior art beneficial effects of the present invention.
The present invention provide Procambarus clarkii cultural method, make full use of culturing time, space, effectively improve the yield of Procambarus clarkii, and will not waste water resource, be conducive to sustainable development.
Specific embodiment
Further describe the present invention with reference to specific embodiment.
The present embodiment provides the cultural method of Procambarus clarkii, including.
Method 1, cultivation pool area 30-40m2, the cement pit of depth of water 0.6-0.8m；Put before seedling to pond strict sterilization, basal dressing is cultivated plankton and provided open-mouthed bait, transplanting pasture and water area accounts for the 30% of the water surface；Every mu of input 0.8cm young shrimp 10-15 ten thousand tail, in early days based on natural bait, suitably feeds bean milk and minced fish, with individual increase based on man-made feeds.
Described artitificial food has one or more of bean cake, rapeseed cake, wheat bran, Semen Maydiss, dish leaf.Described artitificial food, while providing sufficient, balanced nutritious composition for Procambarus clarkii, does not contain forbidden amphetamine；And, no any hazard residue in commercial sized prawn, safe to food does not constitute a threat to, to health non-hazardous.
Pasture and water are the main feedstuff of Procambarus clarkii in natural water area.Herba vallisneriae Spiralis in natural water area, hydrilla verticillata, hornwort, Herba Spirodelae, waterweed etc., are all the pasture and water kinds of Procambarus clarkii eating.Grow the 6-7 month in busy season in Procambarus clarkii, often the Procambarus clarkii of every kg body weight round the clock, can eat up the pasture and water of 2kg weight.Shrimp is supported with grass, significantly can save feed cost, increase economic efficiency.Pasture and water can provide the abundant animal fodder such as small fish, shrimp, insecticide, spiral shell spider for Procambarus clarkii.Pasture and water be Procambarus clarkii perch, hide oneself, the good location of shell.Pasture and water can purify water, and stablizes pH value, is that Procambarus clarkii creates suitable growing environment；High temperature season, pasture and water can be shaded for Procambarus clarkii, be lowered the temperature.
Method 2, when 20-30 days, the water in pond was drained, sterilization is exposed to the sun before shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed, arrange Chi Geng, remove the mud in pond using bleaching powder, thoroughly to pond disinfection；After first time applies fertilizer, be according to conditions such as pH value, water colour, the changes of transparency, additional chemical fertilizer, keep the water colour of pond water to be maintained in light green and dark brown, pH value is maintained at 7.5-8.5, and transparency is in 20-30cm；Then shrimp seedling injected volume is every mu of 50-100kg, and shrimp seedling specification is 100-200/kg.
The breeding of Procambarus clarkii is more special, and most of process of breeding completes in cave, and ovary needs 2-5 month in post-coitum, finally ripe, and carries out ovulation fertilization.Germ cell is garnet, adheres on the bristle of abdominal part nectopod, abdominal part is often pressed close to hole internal water accumulation by shrimp with ovums, to keep ovum to be in moisture state.The fish brood amount of Procambarus clarkii is less, and different according to specification, fish brood amount is typically in 100-700 grain, average out to 300.The brooding time of ovum is about 14-24 days, but under cryogenic conditions, the incubation period is 4-5 month.It is not necessary to any external nutrition supply during developing, squab son shrimp need to stop about some months in close shrimp abdominal part Procambarus clarkii germling, and side departs from parent.If condition is not suitable for, several weeks can not eaten or drunk in cave, after pouring water in pond, young shrimp and close shrimp climb out of successively from cave, in pond, close shrimp can carry among germling entrance water body NATURAL DISTRIBUTION sometimes, then discharges germling.
Protein content in Procambarus clarkii body is very high, and meat is soft, easy to digest, need the people that take good care of be fabulous food to physical weakness and after being ill；Also it is rich in magnesium, zinc, iodine, selenium etc., magnesium has important adjustment effect to cardiomotility, can protect cardiovascular system in Macrobrachium nipponensis; it can reduce blood cholesterol level; prevent arteriosclerosis, simultaneously can also coronary artery dilator, be conducive to prophylaxis of hypertension and myocardial infarction.Procambarus clarkii contains astaxanthin, and astaxanthin is a kind of very strong antioxidant, helps and eliminates " jet lag " producing because of jet lag.In addition, Procambarus clarkii also can be used as medicine, energy preventing phlegm from forming and stopping coughing, promote postoperative wound granulation promoting healing.
Claims (3)
1. Procambarus clarkii cultural method is it is characterised in that include：
Method 1, cultivation pool area 30-40m2, the cement pit of depth of water 0.6-0.8m；Put before seedling to pond strict sterilization, basal dressing is cultivated plankton and provided open-mouthed bait, transplanting pasture and water area accounts for the 30% of the water surface；Every mu of input 0.8cm young shrimp 10-15 ten thousand tail, in early days based on natural bait, suitably feeds bean milk and minced fish, with individual increase based on artitificial food；
Method 2, when 20-30 days, the water in pond was drained, sterilization is exposed to the sun before shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed, arrange Chi Geng, remove the mud in pond using bleaching powder, thoroughly to pond disinfection；After first time applies fertilizer, according to pH value, water colour, transparency change, additional chemical fertilizer, keep the water colour of pond water to be maintained in light green and dark brown, then shrimp seedling injected volume is every mu of 50-100kg, shrimp seedling specification be 100-200 only/kg.
2. Procambarus clarkii cultural method as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described artitificial food has one or more of bean cake, rapeseed cake, wheat bran, Semen Maydiss, dish leaf.
3. it is characterised in that the pH value of described pond water is 7.5-8.5, transparency is 20-30cm to Procambarus clarkii cultural method as claimed in claim 1.
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| CN201510463113.XA CN106386600A (en) | 2015-08-01 | 2015-08-01 | Farming methods of crayfishes |
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| CN201510463113.XA CN106386600A (en) | 2015-08-01 | 2015-08-01 | Farming methods of crayfishes |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107258640A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-10-20 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | A kind of cray anti-season cultural method |
| CN107372246A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-11-24 | 寿县青云山龙虾养殖专业合作社 | A kind of method of the high lobster cultivation of disease-free yield |
| CN107410122A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-12-01 | 李育培 | A kind of Ecology cultural method of Panulirus homarus |
| CN109619002A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-04-16 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | A kind of red claw crayfish rice field is from breeding method |
| CN109997754A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-12 | 湖南助农农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of lobster volume increase |
| CN110731285A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-01-31 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | breeding method capable of improving crayfish yield |
-
2015
- 2015-08-01 CN CN201510463113.XA patent/CN106386600A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107372246A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-11-24 | 寿县青云山龙虾养殖专业合作社 | A kind of method of the high lobster cultivation of disease-free yield |
| CN107258640A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-10-20 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | A kind of cray anti-season cultural method |
| CN107410122A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-12-01 | 李育培 | A kind of Ecology cultural method of Panulirus homarus |
| CN109619002A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-04-16 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | A kind of red claw crayfish rice field is from breeding method |
| CN109997754A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-12 | 湖南助农农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of lobster volume increase |
| CN110731285A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-01-31 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | breeding method capable of improving crayfish yield |
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Application publication date: 20170215 |
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