CN102388825B - Method for cultivating juvenile rapana venosa in artificial breeding - Google Patents
Method for cultivating juvenile rapana venosa in artificial breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN102388825B CN102388825B CN2011102588635A CN201110258863A CN102388825B CN 102388825 B CN102388825 B CN 102388825B CN 2011102588635 A CN2011102588635 A CN 2011102588635A CN 201110258863 A CN201110258863 A CN 201110258863A CN 102388825 B CN102388825 B CN 102388825B
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- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title description 8
- 241000543567 Rapana venosa Species 0.000 title description 3
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019465 surimi Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000206761 Bacillariophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000585116 Galba truncatula Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001629511 Litchi Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
一种脉红螺人工育苗中稚螺的培育方法，其特征是先将全部附着变态成的脉红螺稚螺按10-15万个/m2的密度布池培育，然后选择成熟和即将成熟的牡蛎，将该牡蛎人工解剖、镜检辨别雌、雄，分别获得精子、卵子，人工授精获得受精卵，再将所得受精卵均匀地投入附着稚螺的培育池中，受精卵密度为5-6个/ml，定期充气和搅动，使受精卵均匀地沉于聚乙烯波纹板上，附着的稚螺摄食沉于附着板上的受精卵，10-12小时后再把附有稚螺的附着板及框进行颠倒1次，1-2天后移入新池再投入受精卵，长到3-4mm后，改投鲜活的小型低值贝类。本发明的培育方法能克服脉红螺室内人工育苗因饵料转化困难、投喂肉食性鱼糜污染水质引起的成活率低，出苗量低的问题。A method for cultivating juvenile snails in artificial seedling cultivation of red snails, which is characterized in that all the juvenile snails attached to metamorphosis are laid out in ponds at a density of 100,000-150,000/m 2 for cultivation, and then mature and about to mature are selected. The oysters were manually dissected and examined under a microscope to identify females and males, respectively to obtain sperm and eggs, artificial insemination to obtain fertilized eggs, and then evenly put the obtained fertilized eggs into the cultivation pool attached to juvenile snails. The density of fertilized eggs was 5- 6/ml, inflate and stir regularly, so that the fertilized eggs sink evenly on the polyethylene corrugated board, and the attached juvenile snails feed on the fertilized eggs that sink on the attachment plate, and then remove the attached juvenile snails after 10-12 hours. The plate and the frame are reversed once, and after 1-2 days, they are transferred to a new pool and then fertilized eggs are added. After they grow to 3-4mm, they are replaced with fresh and alive small low-value shellfish. The cultivation method of the invention can overcome the problems of low survival rate and low seedling emergence caused by difficulty in bait conversion and water quality pollution caused by feeding carnivorous surimi in artificial seedling cultivation of the red snail.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种脉红螺人工育苗的方法，特别是涉及一种脉红螺人工育苗中稚螺的培育方法。The invention relates to a method for artificial seedling cultivation of red snails, in particular to a method for cultivating juvenile snails in artificial seedlings of red snails.
背景技术 Background technique
脉红螺(Rapana Venosa)又称红螺，是生活在黄渤海沿岸的特有经济贝类，足部特别肥大，肉质鲜嫩肥美、营养丰富，其增养殖前景广阔。由于脉红螺具有养殖生长速度快，养殖周期短，抗病力强，成活率高，经济效益显著的优点，其增养殖规模的不断扩大，因此，对苗种的需求也越来越多，目前我国脉红螺育苗还处于实验阶段。由于脉红螺是肉食性贝类，和鲍鱼育苗的不同之处在于鲍鱼附板之后以底栖硅藻为主，而稚螺附板之后是以肉食性饵料为主，因而附板之后的饵料转化是脉红螺稚螺培育的瓶颈，它能造成脉红螺育苗出苗量极低，达不到生产性的水平，满足不了养殖单位对苗种的需求，针对脉红螺稚螺培育这一技术难题，开发一种新的培育方法是解决难题的关键。目前，虽然开发了利用附着的牡蛎稚贝和幼贝等作为饵料，但需要提前1个月时间来培育的牡蛎稚贝和幼贝，是通过一种苗种培育来培育另一种苗种，稚贝培育时间更长，费用较高。Rapana Venosa (Rapana Venosa), also known as red snail, is a unique economic shellfish that lives along the coast of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. Its feet are particularly large, the meat is fresh, tender, and rich in nutrition. It has a broad prospect for breeding. Because the red snail has the advantages of fast breeding growth, short breeding cycle, strong disease resistance, high survival rate, and significant economic benefits, the scale of its breeding is constantly expanding, so the demand for seedlings is also increasing. At present, the seedling cultivation of red snails in my country is still in the experimental stage. As the red snail is a carnivorous shellfish, the difference from the abalone nursery is that the benthic diatoms are mainly used after the abalone is attached to the board, while the carnivorous bait is mainly used after the juvenile snail is attached to the board, so the bait after the attached board Transformation is the bottleneck in the cultivation of juvenile snails, which can cause extremely low emergence of seedlings in the cultivation of red snails, which cannot reach the level of productivity, and cannot meet the needs of breeding units for seedlings. Technical problems, developing a new cultivation method is the key to solve the problems. At present, although attached oyster spat and young shellfish have been developed as bait, oyster spat and young shellfish that need to be cultivated one month in advance are cultivated by breeding one seed to another. Cultivation time of spat is longer and the cost is higher.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种脉红螺人工育苗中稚螺的培育方法，能克服现有技术的上述缺点。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating juvenile snails in the artificial seedling cultivation of red snails, which can overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art.
一种脉红螺人工育苗中稚螺的培育方法，其特征是先将全部附着变态成的脉红螺稚螺按10-15万个/m2的密度布池培育，然后选择成熟和即将成熟的牡蛎，将该牡蛎人工解剖、镜检辨别雌、雄，分别获得精子、卵子，人工授精获得受精卵，再将所得受精卵均匀地投入附着稚螺的培育池中，受精卵密度为5-6个/ml，定期充气和搅动，使受精卵均匀地沉于聚乙烯波纹板上，附着的稚螺摄食沉于附着板上的受精卵，10-12小时后再把附有稚螺的附着板及框进行颠倒1次，1-2天后移入新池再投入受精卵，长到3-4mm后，改投鲜活的小型低值贝类。A method for cultivating juvenile snails in artificial seedling cultivation of red snails, which is characterized in that all the juvenile snails attached to metamorphosis are laid out in ponds at a density of 100,000-150,000/m 2 for cultivation, and then mature and about to mature are selected. The oysters were manually dissected and examined under a microscope to identify females and males, respectively to obtain sperm and eggs, artificial insemination to obtain fertilized eggs, and then evenly put the obtained fertilized eggs into the cultivation pool attached to juvenile snails. The density of fertilized eggs was 5- 6/ml, inflate and stir regularly, so that the fertilized eggs sink evenly on the polyethylene corrugated board, and the attached juvenile snails feed on the fertilized eggs that sink on the attachment plate, and then remove the attached juvenile snails after 10-12 hours. The plate and the frame are reversed once, and after 1-2 days, they are transferred to a new pool and then fertilized eggs are added. After they grow to 3-4mm, they are replaced with fresh and alive small low-value shellfish.
本发明的培育方法能克服脉红螺室内人工育苗因饵料转化困难、投喂肉食性鱼糜污染水质引起的成活率低，出苗量低的问题，由于牡蛎的受精卵是沉性卵，是活的胚胎、卵黄含量丰富，不需换水，饵料质量好，出苗量能提高80％以上，同时还节约了生产成本，生产的苗种健壮，环保。The cultivation method of the present invention can overcome the problems of low survival rate and low emergence of seedlings caused by the difficulty of bait transformation and water quality pollution caused by feeding carnivorous surimi in the artificial cultivation of red snails. Since the fertilized eggs of oysters are sinking eggs, they are live The embryo and egg yolk are rich in content, no need to change water, the quality of the bait is good, the emergence rate can be increased by more than 80%, and the production cost is also saved at the same time. The seedlings produced are robust and environmentally friendly.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
本发明的脉红螺人工育苗中稚螺的培育方法，其特征是先将全部附着变态成的脉红螺稚螺按10-15万个/m2的密度布池培育，然后选择成熟和即将成熟的牡蛎，将该牡蛎人工解剖、镜检辨别雌、雄，分别获得精子、卵子，人工授精获得受精卵，再将所得受精卵均匀地投入附着稚螺的培育池中，受精卵密度为5-6个/ml，定期充气和搅动，使受精卵均匀地沉于聚乙烯波纹板上，附着的稚螺摄食沉于附着板上的受精卵，10-12小时后再把附有稚螺的附着板及框进行颠倒1次，1-2天后移入新池再投入受精卵，长到3-4mm后，改投鲜活的小型低值贝类。The method for cultivating juvenile snails in artificial seedling cultivation of the present invention is characterized in that all the juvenile snails attached to metamorphosis are cultivated in pools at a density of 10-150,000/m 2 , then select mature and imminent snails. For mature oysters, the oysters are manually dissected and examined under a microscope to identify males and females, and sperm and eggs are obtained respectively. Artificial insemination is used to obtain fertilized eggs, and then the obtained fertilized eggs are evenly put into the cultivation pool attached to juvenile snails. The density of fertilized eggs is 5 -6 pieces/ml, inflate and stir regularly, so that the fertilized eggs sink evenly on the polyethylene corrugated board, and the attached juvenile snails feed on the fertilized eggs that sink on the attachment plate, and then remove the fertilized eggs with the juvenile snails after 10-12 hours The attached plate and frame are reversed once, and after 1-2 days, they are moved into a new pool and then fertilized eggs are thrown in. After they grow to 3-4mm, they are replaced with fresh and alive small low-value shellfish.
本发明能克服室内人工育苗因饵料转化困难、投喂肉食性鱼糜污染水质引起的成活率低，出苗量低的问题。由于牡蛎的受精卵是沉性卵，活的胚胎，卵黄含量丰富，因此，不需要换水，节约了生产成本，而且生产的苗种健壮，成活率高，生长速度快。The invention can overcome the problems of low survival rate and low seedling emergence caused by difficulty in bait conversion and water pollution caused by feeding carnivorous surimi in indoor artificial breeding. Because the fertilized eggs of oysters are sinking eggs, live embryos are rich in yolk content, therefore, no need to change water, saving production costs, and the produced seedlings are strong, with high survival rate and fast growth rate.
实施例Example
实施时先将全部附着变态成的脉红螺稚螺按12万个/m2的密度布池培育，然后选择成熟和即将成熟的牡蛎，将该牡蛎人工解剖，镜检辨别雌贝、雄贝，分别获得取精子、卵子，然后人工授精获得受精卵，再将所获得受精卵均匀地投入附着稚螺的培育池中，受精卵密度为5个/ml，每2小时充气1次，每次充气2小时并配有搅动，由于牡蛎的受精卵是沉性卵，受精卵可均匀地沉于聚乙烯波纹板上，附着的稚螺摄食沉于附着板上的受精卵，10小时后再把附有稚螺的附着板及框进行颠倒1次，2天后移入新池后重新投入受精卵，经过1个月培育，长到3mm后，改投鲜活的小型低值贝类。During the implementation, all the juvenile snails attached to the metamorphosis should be cultivated in ponds at a density of 120,000/m 2 , then mature and soon-to-mature oysters were selected, and the oysters were manually dissected, and the female and male shellfish were identified under a microscope. , obtain sperm and eggs respectively, and then obtain fertilized eggs by artificial insemination, and then put the obtained fertilized eggs evenly into the cultivation pool attached to juvenile snails, the density of fertilized eggs is 5/ml, inflate once every 2 hours, each time Inflate for 2 hours and be equipped with agitation. Since the fertilized eggs of oysters are sinking eggs, the fertilized eggs can sink evenly on the polyethylene corrugated board. The attachment plate and frame with juvenile snails are reversed once, and after 2 days, they are transferred to a new pool and then fertilized eggs are re-introduced. After one month of cultivation, when they grow to 3mm, they are replaced with fresh and live small low-value shellfish.
上述实施例中所述脉红螺稚螺，也可以改用泥螺、香螺、管角螺、扁玉螺或荔枝螺的稚螺，均能得到类似的应用效果，培育成活率高、成本低、出苗量高。The juvenile snails of the vein red snails described in the above examples can also be replaced with juvenile snails of mud snails, fragrant snails, pipe horn snails, flat jade snails or litchi snails, all of which can obtain similar application effects, and the cultivation survival rate is high and the cost is low. Low, high germination.
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| CN2011102588635A CN102388825B (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2011-08-26 | Method for cultivating juvenile rapana venosa in artificial breeding |
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| CN102742524B (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-09 | 浙江海洋学院 | A kind of method for raising seedlings of snails with yellow mouth |
| CN103109770B (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-03-26 | 丹东市水产技术推广总站 | Rapana venosa offspring seed cultivation method |
| CN103535296B (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2015-06-17 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for cultivating young rapana venosa in rapana venosa artificial breeding |
| CN106942103B (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2019-12-27 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Artificial seedling raising method for cucurbit snails |
| CN110810287B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2021-09-28 | 福建省壹方海生态农业开发有限公司 | Artificial breeding method of peppery snail |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101049093A (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2007-10-10 | 大连水产学院 | Method for breed aquatics of oyster haplosomic at tidal flat and shallow sea in North Sea area |
| CN101940182A (en) * | 2010-09-19 | 2011-01-12 | 中国海洋大学 | Manual grow seedlings method of Rapana venosa spat |
| CN101986833A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-03-23 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Seedling collecting facility and method of industrialized rapana venosa seedling culture |
| CN102160529A (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2011-08-24 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for realizing ecological larval culture on rapana venosa |
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| JPS61202663A (en) * | 1985-03-07 | 1986-09-08 | Chubu Shiryo Kk | Fish and crustacean aquaculture feed |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101049093A (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2007-10-10 | 大连水产学院 | Method for breed aquatics of oyster haplosomic at tidal flat and shallow sea in North Sea area |
| CN101940182A (en) * | 2010-09-19 | 2011-01-12 | 中国海洋大学 | Manual grow seedlings method of Rapana venosa spat |
| CN101986833A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-03-23 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Seedling collecting facility and method of industrialized rapana venosa seedling culture |
| CN102160529A (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2011-08-24 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for realizing ecological larval culture on rapana venosa |
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