CN110692596B - Efficient sectional turtle culture method - Google Patents
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- CN110692596B CN110692596B CN201911062335.5A CN201911062335A CN110692596B CN 110692596 B CN110692596 B CN 110692596B CN 201911062335 A CN201911062335 A CN 201911062335A CN 110692596 B CN110692596 B CN 110692596B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
A high-efficiency sectional type turtle excellent cultivating facility and cultivating method belong to the field of turtle cultivation, the cultivating facility comprises a large pond, and large pond dykes are built around the large pond; the inner side of the large pond dyke is provided with a circular ditch; the device also comprises a small pond heat preservation area, wherein the small pond heat preservation area is provided with a light-transmitting heat preservation shed, a plurality of oxygen supply pumps, a waterway channel and a cage door device; the cage door device comprises a gate and a cage door; the breeding method adopts an ecological three-dimensional breeding mode, the soft-shelled turtle eats live shrimps, various animal or plant processed feeds are not fed, and diseases of the soft-shelled turtle are not easy to occur; the fish eat the feces of the soft-shelled turtle and the remains of the shrimp to form a three-dimensional microcirculation system, so that the cultured soft-shelled turtle has high nutritive value, and is cultivated in a wild-like manner; the invention has the beneficial effects that the shrimp fries and the soft-shelled turtles are fed separately; the small pond is provided with a heat preservation device, and shrimp larvae cannot freeze down.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cultivation method, in particular to a high-efficiency sectional type turtle cultivation method for cultivating soft-shelled turtles, and belongs to the technical field of turtle cultivation.
Background
Soft-shelled turtles, water fish, eight kings and the like, egg-shaped reptiles and amphibious life. The soft-shelled turtle meat has delicious taste and rich nutrition, and has the effects of clearing heat, nourishing yin, calming liver wind, softening hardness and resolving hard mass. Not only is a delicious food on a dining table, but also is a nourishing medicine and a traditional Chinese medicine material with wide application range. The Chinese soft-shelled turtle, mountain soft-shelled turtle, ban soft-shelled turtle and soft-shelled turtle are the most common of them.
The soft-shelled turtle is omnivorous animal mainly containing animal bait, and is suitable for feeding fish, shrimp, tadpole, snail, mussel, shellfish, insect, viscera and carcass. When the animal feed is deficient, vegetable erbium materials such as green grass, melons, grains and the like are also required to be eaten, and when the animal feed is deficient, the animal feed is frequently eaten after being eaten from the phase. The soft-shelled turtle is bulimized and hungry, and can not eat things for a long time after eating once, and can not die. Of course, this is life-activity sustaining by the nutrition it has accumulated, and it is necessary to supply sufficient food to accelerate its growth in artificial cultivation.
In order to further improve the quality of soft-shelled turtles, a plurality of new ecological breeding methods are developed, most of the new ecological breeding methods construct wild-like environments, breakthroughs are made in the aspect of building biological symbiosis and biological food chains, and the current popularity is that soft-shelled turtles, shrimps and fishes are mixedly bred, and the soft-shelled turtles are not fed with artificial baits and the shrimps are taken as staple foods. The turtle is a temperature-changing animal, and in an open large pond, the eating condition is mainly influenced by the air temperature and the growth condition of shrimps, and the conventional method is to put the shrimp larvae once a year, directly put the shrimp larvae into the large pond, gradually grow along with the gradual rise of the air temperature, and provide food for the turtle. Disadvantages: the temperature is lower in the early stage, a heat preservation device is not arranged, the shrimp larvae grow slowly, most of the shrimp larvae are eaten by the soft-shelled turtle in the early stage, so that the soft-shelled turtle in the later stage has insufficient food, and meanwhile, the yield of the residual commodity shrimp eaten by the soft-shelled turtle is limited, so that the comprehensive benefit of the pond is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the defects that in the prior art, soft-shelled turtles are fed once in a large pond, heat preservation devices are not arranged, the young shrimps are directly put into the large pond, the young shrimps grow slowly and are easy to eat by the soft-shelled turtles in the early stage, the soft-shelled turtles can be starved in the later stage, and the comprehensive benefit of the pond is low.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: the utility model provides a high-efficient sectional type turtle is cultivated excellent and breeds method, and the facility that breeds method used includes the turtle pond facility, and the turtle pond facility includes big pond, big pond is the polygon, has built big pond dyke around the big pond;
The inner side of the large pond dike is provided with a circular ditch, and the area of the circular ditch is 7-10% of the area of the large pond; the device also comprises a small pond heat preservation area, wherein the small pond heat preservation area is provided with a light-transmitting heat preservation shed and a plurality of oxygen supply pumps; the ratio of the size of the small pond heat preservation area to the size of the large pond is 1 (5-15), and the size of the large pond is 50-500 mu; the pond depths of the heat preservation areas of the large pond and the small pond are 1.5-2m, and the thickness of sludge at the bottom of the pond is 10-28cm; the small pond heat preservation area is square and is arranged at the corner of the large pond, two side edges of the small pond heat preservation area are overlapped with the large pond dyke, and the other two side edges of the small pond heat preservation area are connected with the large pond and are provided with the small pond dyke;
slopes are arranged on two sides of the large pond embankment and the small pond embankment, and the slope of each slope is 25-35 degrees; the small pond surrounding dike is provided with a waterway channel of a heat preservation area of the large pond and the small pond, and a cage door device is arranged in the waterway channel;
The light-transmitting thermal insulation shed comprises a plurality of struts, cross beams, 4 inclined beams, a fixed grid and a light-transmitting thermal insulation film; the plurality of support posts are equal in height and are arranged at the center line position of the small pond heat preservation area and are arranged in a straight line from front to back, the cross beams are horizontally arranged at the tops of the support posts and are fixedly connected with the support posts, and the height of the support posts is higher than the heights of the large pond surrounding dike and the small pond surrounding dike; the 4 inclined beams are respectively arranged at the two sides of the front end and the rear end of the cross beam, one end of each inclined beam is fixedly connected with the cross beam, and the other end of each inclined beam is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the inner side of the large pond embankment or the small pond embankment; the fixed grid is formed by drawing high-strength steel wire ropes, the middle of the fixed grid is fixedly supported on the cross beam, the front end and the rear end of the fixed grid are tightly drawn on the 4 oblique beams at the front end and the rear end, the grid of the fixed grid is square, and the side length of the grid is 30-60cm; the light-transmitting heat-preserving film is paved on the whole fixed grid and covers the top of the whole small pond heat-preserving area, and is used in early spring every year to achieve a heat-preserving effect; a plurality of oxygen supply pumps are uniformly arranged in the small pond heat preservation area;
The gate device comprises a gate and a gate, wherein the gate is square, and the width of the gate is consistent with that of the waterway channel; the cage door is provided with a stainless steel wire net, and the mesh size is 4-6 cm; the cage door is square or round, and the width of the cage door is less than or equal to the width of the gate; when the gate is pulled up, the large pond is communicated with the small pond heat-preserving area, and when the gate is closed down, the large pond and the small pond heat-preserving area are separated; the width of the cage door is 60-150 cm; the side of the cage door assembly has a slope of 0-15 deg..
The area of the annular groove at the inner side of the large pond dike is 8% of the area of the large pond, the ratio of the size of the small pond heat-insulating area to the size of the large pond is 1:10, the size of the large pond is 300 mu, the heat-insulating area of the small pond is 30 mu, and the slope inclination of the large pond dike and the slopes at the two sides of the small pond dike are 30 degrees; the pond depth of the heat preservation areas of the large pond and the small pond is 1.8m, and the thickness of sludge at the bottom of the pond is 22cm.
The square side length of the grid of the fixed grid is 45cm; the width of the cage door is 80cm, and the inclination of the side face of the cage door device is 12 degrees.
The small pond heat preservation area comprises 6 oxygen supply pumps, and the 6 oxygen supply pumps are uniformly arranged in the small pond heat preservation area; the product model of the oxygen supply pump is as follows: 1.5 kilowatt waterwheel type turbine aerator.
A high-efficiency sectional turtle culture method for cultivating soft-shelled turtles comprises the following steps:
(1) The 1 st batch of shrimp larvae in the first year are put into a small pond heat preservation area: the shrimp fries are penaeus vannamei boone fries; spreading a light-transmitting heat-preserving film on a fixed grid of the small pond heat-preserving area, closing a gate, separating the large pond from the small pond heat-preserving area, and putting first shrimp larvae into the small pond heat-preserving area in the last ten days of 4 months; the standard and thick penaeus vannamei larvae are intermediate cultivation processes of penaeus vannamei larvae, namely, the process of placing the penaeus vannamei larvae about 0.8-1 cm into a small pond and cultivating the penaeus vannamei larvae to 3cm in length and large size, and the purposes of improving the survival rate of the penaeus vannamei larvae, shortening the cultivation time, improving the survival rate and facilitating the scientific management and bait casting of the cultivation are achieved;
(2) The 1 st batch of live shrimps in the first year enter a big pond: after 12-18 days, dismantling a light-transmitting heat-insulating film paved on a fixed grid of a heat-insulating area of the small pond, opening a gate, and enabling the grown first batch of live shrimps to enter the large pond through a cage door; culturing soft-shelled turtle and live fish in a large pond, wherein the live fish comprises silver carp, spotted silver carp, grass carp and river crucian carp, the soft-shelled turtle is cultured for 3 years, the size of the soft-shelled turtle is 3 to 1.5 jin/young soft-shelled turtle, and the young soft-shelled turtle is cultured by a conventional technology and is not described in detail; when the size of the young soft-shelled turtle is 3 to 6 per young soft-shelled turtle, the young soft-shelled turtle is bred in 3000 to 5000 per mu; when the size of the soft-shelled turtle is 6 to 1 jin per young soft-shelled turtle, 1000 to 3000 soft-shelled turtle are bred; when the weight of the soft-shelled turtle is more than 1 jin per young soft-shelled turtle, 500-1000 soft-shelled turtles are bred per mu; 10-20 silver carp/mu, 8-12 silver carp/mu, 3-7 grass carp/mu and 5-10 crucian carp/mu; the soft-shelled turtle eats live shrimps, the live fish eats the feces of the soft-shelled turtle and remains of shrimp bait without feeding the live shrimp;
(3) The 2 nd batch of shrimp fries are put into a small pond heat preservation area in the first year: after 1.9 to 2.1 months, closing the gate, enabling the large pond and the small pond heat-preserving area to be in a partition state, simultaneously starting to salvage the live shrimps in the small pond heat-preserving area and the large pond, and putting the second batch of shrimp larvae and marking the thickness after the live shrimps in the small pond heat-preserving area are fished out;
(4) The 2 nd batch of live shrimps in the first year enter a large pond: the gate is closed again, the live shrimps in the small pond heat preservation area are salvaged, and the live shrimps in the large pond are salvaged, and after 12-18 days of continuous salvaging, the gate is opened, and the second batch of live shrimps with standard thickness and large size enters the large pond;
(5) After 1.9-2.1 months, closing the gate, fishing out the live shrimps in the small pond heat-preserving area and the large pond, and enabling the soft-shelled turtle to enter a hibernation state;
(6) Circularly feeding soft-shelled turtles for more than 2 years according to the steps from (1) to (5);
(7) Fishing: before the soft-shelled turtle sleeps last, the live shrimps are firstly fished out to be at the end of 9 months, the water in the large pond is put out, the water level in the annular groove is reserved, the soft-shelled turtle swims into the annular groove, and meanwhile, the live shrimps are fished out and generally last to be at the end of 11 months; then water in the annular ditch is discharged, silt at the bottom of the annular ditch is exposed, and the mud is turned over to catch soft-shelled turtles; the trapped soft-shelled turtle is sold as commercial soft-shelled turtle, and part of soft-shelled turtle is kept in stocking condition to make soft-shelled turtle sleep naturally.
The cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) The 1 st batch of shrimp larvae in the first year are put into a small pond heat preservation area: putting the first batch of shrimp fries into a small pond heat preservation area for 4 months and 10 days, and marking the shrimp fries thick;
(2) The 1 st batch of live shrimps in the first year enter a big pond: opening a cage door 15 days later and 25 days later after the step of loading, and enabling the grown first batch of live shrimps to enter a large pond; the turtle is cultured for 3 years, and the size is 3 to 1.5 jin per young turtle; when the size of the soft-shelled turtle is 3 two to 6 per young soft-shelled turtle, 4000 soft-shelled turtles per mu are bred; when the size of the soft-shelled turtle is 6 to 1 jin per young soft-shelled turtle, 2000 soft-shelled turtles per mu are bred; when the weight of the soft-shelled turtle is more than 1 jin per young soft-shelled turtle, raising 800 soft-shelled turtles per mu; 15 silver carp fries are bred per mu, 10 silver carp fries are bred per mu, 5 grass carp fries are bred per mu, and 8 jin of river crucian carps are bred per mu;
(3) The 2 nd batch of shrimp fries are put into a small pond heat preservation area in the first year: after 2 months and 25 days after the step, closing the gate, simultaneously fishing out the live shrimps in the small pond heat-preserving area and the large pond, fishing out the live shrimps in the small pond heat-preserving area, and then putting the second batch of shrimp fries into the second pond for standard thickness;
(4) The 2 nd batch of live shrimps in the first year enter a large pond: after 15 days, fishing out the live shrimps in the big pond, opening a gate after 7 months and 10 days, and enabling the grown second batch of live shrimps to enter the big pond;
(5) After the step 2 is carried out for 9 months and 10 days, the gate is closed, live shrimps in the small pond heat preservation area and the large pond are fished out, and the soft-shelled turtle enters a hibernation state;
(6) Circularly feeding soft-shelled turtles for more than 2 years according to the steps from (1) to (5);
(7) Fishing: firstly, fishing out live shrimps, namely fishing out the live shrimps to the end of 9 months, putting the water in a large pond clean, keeping the water level in the annular groove, enabling the soft-shelled turtles to swim into the annular groove, and fishing out the live shrimps at the same time, wherein the fishing out of the live shrimps is generally continued to the end of 11 months; then water in the annular ditch is discharged, silt at the bottom of the annular ditch is exposed, and the mud is turned over to catch soft-shelled turtles; the trapped soft-shelled turtle is sold as commercial soft-shelled turtle, and part of soft-shelled turtle is kept in stocking condition to make soft-shelled turtle sleep naturally.
The turtle breeding method comprises the steps (1) to (5), wherein the turtle is circularly fed for 3 years.
The turtle breeding method comprises the steps (1) to (5), wherein the turtle is circularly fed for 4 years.
Optionally splashing nitrous acid solution with concentration lower than 0.2% on water surface, and measuring water quality every day to keep pH value of water at 8.4-8.6; in summer, certain oxygenation powder is sprayed to enable dissolved oxygen to be more than 6 mg/L.
Disease control is divided into 3 stages of prenatal, midnatal and postnatal:
(1) Prenatal stage: in-situ repairing, spraying quicklime into a dry pond before putting soft-shelled turtle, and re-insolating to obtain harmful trash fish (such as mandarin fish) and various germs dry up;
(2) Stage in labor: adopting an ecological three-dimensional culture mode to form a three-dimensional microcirculation system, wherein the soft-shelled turtle eats live shrimps without feeding feed, and the live fish eats excrement of the soft-shelled turtle and remains of the shrimps; optionally spraying low-concentration chlorine dioxide, bleaching powder or iodine solution on the water surface for disinfection; the water in the pond is partially discharged to a water treatment sedimentation tank (not shown in the figure) for purification treatment according to the situation in batches, and is led back to the pond for recycling after reaching the standard;
(3) Post partum stage: the water in the pond is completely discharged to a water treatment sedimentation tank for purification treatment, and the pond is repaired in situ according to the pre-production stage (1); and (3) discharging water in the water treatment sedimentation tank after reaching the standard, or partially introducing the water back into the pond, introducing new water, and recovering the normal culture water level.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the structure of the small pond heat preservation area is simple and practical, the using effect is very ideal, 2 shrimps can be fed and bred in the open-air pond for one year, and the young shrimps are naturally swallowed by soft-shelled turtles from the small pond heat preservation area to the large pond, so that a scientific and reasonable bionic cultivation mode is formed, the original ecological characteristics of the soft-shelled turtles are met, and the management is convenient;
2, adopting an ecological three-dimensional culture mode, wherein the soft-shelled turtle eats live shrimps, various animal or plant processed feeds are not fed, and diseases of the soft-shelled turtle are not easy to occur; the fish eat the feces of the soft-shelled turtle and the remains of the shrimp to form a three-dimensional microcirculation system, so that the cultured soft-shelled turtle has high nutritive value, and is cultivated in a wild-like manner;
The method has the advantages that 3, sufficient food is provided for the soft-shelled turtle, the soft-shelled turtle has the residual prawns, the quality is better, the soft-shelled turtle can be sold outwards, the pond water body can be fully utilized, the purposes of one water and multiple purposes are realized, one place is rich, the comprehensive benefit of the pond is improved, and the method is an efficient cultivation method;
(4) The pond has large facilities and large culture scale, and is easy to operate on a large scale, thereby realizing scale effect and reducing culture production cost and risk.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is: a top view of the invention;
fig. 2 is: A-A cross-sectional view of fig. 1;
fig. 3 is: a main view enlarged diagram of the small pond heat preservation area;
fig. 4 is: FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of section B-B;
Fig. 5 is: a cage door main view enlargement;
Fig. 6 is: a left view enlargement of the cage door;
Fig. 7 is: the cage door is arranged in the waterway channel in a schematic cross-sectional view.
Reference numerals illustrate: the large pond 1, the dyke 2, the annular ditch 3, the small pond heat preservation area 4, the heat preservation shed 5, the support 501, the cross beam 502, the inclined beam 503, the steel wire rope 504, the oxygen supply pump 6, the slope 7, the waterway channel 8, the cage door device 9, the gate 901 and the cage door 902.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1:
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, in the cultivation method for high-efficiency sectional type turtle excellent cultivation, the cultivation method comprises a turtle pond facility, wherein the turtle pond facility comprises a large pond 1, the large pond 1 is square, and surrounding walls 2 of the large pond 1 are built around the large pond 1;
the inner side of the surrounding dike 2 of the large pond 1 is provided with a circular groove 3, and the area of the circular groove 3 is 8% of the area of the large pond 1; the small pond heat preservation area 4 is provided with a light-transmitting heat preservation shed 5 and a plurality of oxygen supply pumps 6; the ratio of the size of the small pond heat preservation area 4 to the size of the large pond 1 is 1:10, and the size of the large pond 1 is 300 mu; the pond depths of the large pond 1 and the small pond heat preservation area 4 are 1.8m, and the thickness of sludge at the bottom of the pond is 22cm; the small pond heat preservation area 4 is square and is arranged at the corner of the large pond 1, two side edges of the small pond heat preservation area 4 are overlapped with the surrounding dike 2 of the large pond 1, and the other two side edges of the small pond heat preservation area 4 are overlapped with the large pond 1 and are provided with the surrounding dike 2 of the small pond;
slopes 7 are arranged on two sides of the large pond embankment 2 and the small pond embankment 2, and the inclination alpha of each slope 7 is 30 degrees; the small pond dike 2 is provided with a waterway channel 8 of the large pond 1 and the small pond heat preservation area 4, and a cage door device 9 is arranged in the waterway channel 8;
The light-transmitting thermal insulation shed 5 comprises a plurality of struts 501, cross beams 502, 4 inclined beams 503, a fixed grid and a light-transmitting thermal insulation film; the struts 501 are equal in height and are arranged at the center line position of the small pond heat preservation area 4 and are arranged in a straight line from front to back, the cross beams 502 are horizontally arranged at the tops of the struts 501 and are fixedly connected, and the heights of the struts 501 are higher than the heights of the large pond 1, the small pond and the large pond; the 4 inclined beams 503 are respectively arranged at the two sides of the front end and the rear end of the cross beam 502, one end of each inclined beam 503 is fixedly connected with the cross beam 502, and the other end of each inclined beam 503 is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the inner side of the large pond 1 dyke 2 or the small pond dyke 2; the fixed grid is formed by drawing high-strength steel wire ropes 504, the middle of the fixed grid is fixedly supported on a cross beam 502, the front end and the rear end of the fixed grid are tightly drawn on 4 inclined beams 503 at the front end and the rear end, the grid of the fixed grid is square, and the side length of the grid is 45cm; the light-transmitting heat-preserving film is paved on the whole fixed grid and covers the top of the whole small pond heat-preserving area 4, and is used in early spring every year to achieve a heat-preserving effect; a plurality of oxygen supply pumps 6 are uniformly arranged in the small pond heat preservation area 4;
The cage door device 9 comprises a gate 901 and a cage door 902, wherein the gate 901 is square, and the width of the gate is consistent with that of the waterway channel 8; the cage door 902 is provided with a stainless steel wire net, and the mesh size is 4-6 cm; the cage door 902 is circular, and the width of the cage door 902 is smaller than that of the gate 901; when the gate 901 is pulled up, the large pond 1 is communicated with the small pond heat preservation area 4, and when the gate 901 is closed down, the large pond 1 is separated from the small pond heat preservation area 4; cage door 902 has a width of 80 cm; the inclination beta of the side of the cage door means 9 is 12 deg..
The small pond heat preservation area 4 comprises 6 oxygen supply pumps 6, and the 6 oxygen supply pumps 6 are uniformly arranged in the small pond heat preservation area 4; the product model of the oxygen supply pump 6 is as follows: 1.5 kilowatt waterwheel type turbine aerator.
A high-efficiency sectional turtle culture method for cultivating soft-shelled turtles comprises the following steps:
(1) The 1 st batch of shrimp larvae in the first year are put into a small pond heat preservation area 4: putting the first batch of shrimp fries into a small pond heat preservation area 4 for 4 months and 10 days, and marking the shrimp fries thick;
(2) The 1 st batch of live shrimps in the first year enter a big pond 1: after 15 days and 25 days after 4 months, opening a cage door 902, and enabling the grown first batch of live shrimps to enter the large pond 1; the turtle is cultured for 3 years, the size is 8-1 jin/young turtle, and the turtle is put into culture for 800 turtle/mu; 15 silver carp fries are bred per mu, 10 silver carp fries are bred per mu, 5 grass carp fries are bred per mu, and 8 jin of river crucian carps are bred per mu;
(3) The 2 nd batch of shrimp larvae in the first year are put into a small pond heat preservation area 4: after 2 months and 25 days after the step, closing the gate 901, simultaneously fishing out the live shrimps in the small pond heat preservation area 4 and the large pond 1, fishing out the live shrimps in the small pond heat preservation area 4, and then putting the second batch of shrimp fries into the pond for standard thickness;
(4) The 2 nd batch of live shrimps in the first year enter a big pond 1: after 15 days, fishing out the live shrimps in the big pond 1, opening a gate 901 for 7 months and 10 days, and enabling the grown second batch of live shrimps to enter the big pond 1;
(5) After the step 2 is carried out for 9 months and 10 days, the gate 901 is closed, live shrimps in the small pond heat preservation area 4 and the large pond 1 are fished out, and the soft-shelled turtle enters a hibernation state;
(6) Circularly feeding soft-shelled turtles for 3 years according to the steps from (1) to (5);
(7) Fishing: firstly, fishing out live shrimps, namely fishing out the live shrimps to the end of 9 months, putting the water in a large pond clean, keeping the water level in the annular groove, enabling the soft-shelled turtles to swim into the annular groove, and fishing out the live shrimps at the same time, wherein the fishing out of the live shrimps is generally continued to the end of 11 months; then water in the annular ditch is discharged, silt at the bottom of the annular ditch is exposed, and the mud is turned over to catch soft-shelled turtles; and (5) keeping partial plants for natural hibernation.
Optionally splashing nitrous acid solution with concentration lower than 0.2% on water surface, and measuring water quality every day to keep pH value of water at 8.4-8.6; in summer, certain oxygenation powder is sprayed to enable dissolved oxygen to be more than 6 mg/L.
Disease control is divided into 3 stages of prenatal, midnatal and postnatal:
(1) Prenatal stage: in-situ repairing, spraying quicklime into a dry pond before putting soft-shelled turtle, and re-insolating to obtain harmful trash fish (such as mandarin fish) and various germs dry up;
(2) Stage in labor: adopting an ecological three-dimensional culture mode to form a three-dimensional microcirculation system, wherein the soft-shelled turtle eats live shrimps without feeding feed, and the live fish eats excrement of the soft-shelled turtle and remains of the shrimps; optionally spraying low-concentration chlorine dioxide, bleaching powder or iodine solution on the water surface for disinfection; the water in the pond is partially discharged to a water treatment sedimentation tank (not shown in the figure) for purification treatment according to the situation in batches, and is led back to the pond for recycling after reaching the standard;
(3) Post partum stage: the water in the pond is completely discharged to a water treatment sedimentation tank for purification treatment, and the pond is repaired in situ according to the pre-production stage (1); and (3) discharging water in the water treatment sedimentation tank after reaching the standard, or partially introducing the water back into the pond, introducing new water, and recovering the normal culture water level.
Example 2:
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, in a cultivation method for efficient sectional soft-shelled turtle peganum cultivation, step (6) is a step of circularly feeding soft-shelled turtles for 4 years according to steps (1) to (5);
Example 1 was followed.
The 2 examples described above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the ordinary changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a high-efficient sectional type turtle is cultivated excellent and breeds method, and the facility that breeds method used includes the turtle pond facility, and the turtle pond facility includes big pond, big pond is the polygon, has built big pond dyke around the big pond;
The inner side of the large pond dike is provided with a circular ditch, and the area of the circular ditch is 7-10% of the area of the large pond; the device also comprises a small pond heat preservation area, wherein the small pond heat preservation area is provided with a light-transmitting heat preservation shed and a plurality of oxygen supply pumps; the ratio of the size of the small pond heat preservation area to the size of the large pond is 1 (5-15), and the size of the large pond is 50-500 mu; the pond depths of the heat preservation areas of the large pond and the small pond are 1.5-2m, and the thickness of sludge at the bottom of the pond is 10-28cm; the small pond heat preservation area is square and is arranged at the corner of the large pond, two side edges of the small pond heat preservation area are overlapped with the large pond dyke, and the other two side edges of the small pond heat preservation area are connected with the large pond and are provided with the small pond dyke;
Slopes are arranged on two sides of the large pond embankment and the small pond embankment, and the slope of each slope is 10-30 degrees; the small pond surrounding dike is provided with a waterway channel of a heat preservation area of the large pond and the small pond, and a cage door device is arranged in the waterway channel;
the light-transmitting thermal insulation shed comprises a plurality of struts, cross beams, 4 inclined beams, a fixed grid and a light-transmitting thermal insulation film; the plurality of support posts are equal in height and are arranged at the center line position of the small pond heat preservation area and are arranged in a straight line from front to back, the cross beams are horizontally arranged at the tops of the support posts and are fixedly connected with the support posts, and the height of the support posts is higher than the heights of the large pond surrounding dike and the small pond surrounding dike; the 4 inclined beams are respectively arranged at the two sides of the front end and the rear end of the cross beam, one end of each inclined beam is fixedly connected with the cross beam, and the other end of each inclined beam is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the inner side of the large pond embankment or the small pond embankment; the fixed grid is formed by drawing high-strength steel wire ropes, the middle of the fixed grid is fixedly supported on the cross beam, the front end and the rear end of the fixed grid are tightly drawn on the 4 oblique beams at the front end and the rear end, the grid of the fixed grid is square, and the side length of the grid is 30-60cm; the light-transmitting heat-preserving film is paved on the whole fixed grid and covers the top of the whole small pond heat-preserving area; a plurality of oxygen supply pumps are uniformly arranged in the small pond heat preservation area;
The gate device comprises a gate and a gate, wherein the gate is square, and the width of the gate is consistent with that of the waterway channel; the cage door is provided with a stainless steel wire net, and the mesh size is 4-6 cm; the cage door is square or round, and the width of the cage door is less than or equal to the width of the gate; when the gate is pulled up, the large pond is communicated with the small pond heat-preserving area, and when the gate is closed down, the large pond and the small pond heat-preserving area are separated; the width of the cage door is 60-150 cm; the inclination of the side surface of the cage door device is 0-15 degrees;
The method is characterized in that: the cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) The 1 st batch of shrimp larvae in the first year are put into a small pond heat preservation area: the shrimp fries are penaeus vannamei boone fries; spreading a light-transmitting heat-preserving film on a fixed grid of the small pond heat-preserving area, closing a gate, separating the large pond from the small pond heat-preserving area, and putting first shrimp larvae into the small pond heat-preserving area in the last ten days of 4 months;
(2) The 1 st batch of live shrimps in the first year enter a big pond: after 12-18 days, dismantling a light-transmitting heat-insulating film paved on a fixed grid of a heat-insulating area of the small pond, and pulling up a gate, wherein a first batch of long live shrimps enter the large pond through a cage door; culturing soft-shelled turtle and live fish in a large pond, wherein the live fish comprises silver carp, spotted silver carp, grass carp and river crucian carp, and the soft-shelled turtle is cultured for 3 years, and the size of the soft-shelled turtle is 3 to 1.5 jin per young soft-shelled turtle; when the size of the young soft-shelled turtle is 3 to 6 per young soft-shelled turtle, the young soft-shelled turtle is bred in 3000 to 5000 per mu; when the size of the soft-shelled turtle is 6 to 1 jin per young soft-shelled turtle, 1000 to 3000 soft-shelled turtle are bred; when the weight of the soft-shelled turtle is more than 1 jin per young soft-shelled turtle, 500-1000 soft-shelled turtles are bred per mu; 10-20 silver carp/mu, 8-12 silver carp/mu, 3-7 grass carp/mu and 5-10 crucian carp/mu; the soft-shelled turtle eats live shrimps, the live fish eats the feces of the soft-shelled turtle and remains of the shrimps without feeding the feed;
(3) The 2 nd batch of shrimp fries are put into a small pond heat preservation area in the first year: after 1.9 to 2.1 months, closing the gate, enabling the large pond and the small pond heat-preserving area to be in a partition state, simultaneously starting to salvage the live shrimps in the small pond heat-preserving area and the large pond, and putting the second batch of shrimp larvae and marking the thickness after the live shrimps in the small pond heat-preserving area are fished out;
(4) The 2 nd batch of live shrimps in the first year enter a large pond: the gate is closed again, the live shrimps in the small pond heat preservation area are salvaged, and the live shrimps in the large pond are salvaged, and after 12-18 days of continuous salvaging, the gate is opened, and the second batch of live shrimps with standard thickness and large size enters the large pond;
(5) After 1.9-2.1 months, closing the gate, fishing out the live shrimps in the small pond heat-preserving area and the large pond, and enabling the soft-shelled turtle to enter a hibernation state;
(6) Circularly feeding soft-shelled turtles for more than 2 years according to the steps from (1) to (5);
(7) Fishing: before the soft-shelled turtle sleeps last, the live shrimps are firstly fished out to be at the end of 9 months, the water in the large pond is put out, the water level in the annular groove is reserved, the soft-shelled turtle swims into the annular groove, and meanwhile, the live shrimps are fished out and generally last to be at the end of 11 months; then water in the annular ditch is discharged, silt at the bottom of the annular ditch is exposed, and the mud is turned over to catch soft-shelled turtles; and (5) keeping partial plants for natural hibernation.
2. A method of farming according to claim 1, wherein: the cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) The 1 st batch of shrimp larvae in the first year are put into a small pond heat preservation area: putting the first batch of shrimp fries into a small pond heat preservation area for 4 months and 10 days, and marking the shrimp fries thick;
(2) The 1 st batch of live shrimps in the first year enter a big pond: opening a cage door 15 days later and 25 days later after the step of loading, and enabling the grown first batch of live shrimps to enter a large pond; the turtle is cultured for 3 years, and the size is 3 to 1.5 jin per young turtle; when the size of the soft-shelled turtle is 3 two to 6 per young soft-shelled turtle, 4000 soft-shelled turtles per mu are bred; when the size of the soft-shelled turtle is 6 to 1 jin per young soft-shelled turtle, 2000 soft-shelled turtles per mu are bred; when the weight of the soft-shelled turtle is more than 1 jin per young soft-shelled turtle, raising 800 soft-shelled turtles per mu; 15 silver carp fries are bred per mu, 10 silver carp fries are bred per mu, 5 grass carp fries are bred per mu, and 8 jin of river crucian carps are bred per mu;
(3) The 2 nd batch of shrimp fries are put into a small pond heat preservation area in the first year: after 2 months and 25 days after the step, closing the gate, simultaneously fishing out the live shrimps in the small pond heat-preserving area and the large pond, fishing out the live shrimps in the small pond heat-preserving area, and then putting the second batch of shrimp fries into the second pond for standard thickness;
(4) The 2 nd batch of live shrimps in the first year enter a large pond: after 15 days, fishing out the live shrimps in the big pond, opening a gate after 7 months and 10 days, and enabling the grown second batch of live shrimps to enter the big pond;
(5) After the step 2 is carried out for 9 months and 10 days, the gate is closed, live shrimps in the small pond heat preservation area and the large pond are fished out, and the soft-shelled turtle enters a hibernation state;
(6) Circularly feeding soft-shelled turtles for more than 2 years according to the steps from (1) to (5);
(7) Fishing: firstly, fishing out live shrimps, namely fishing out the live shrimps to the end of 9 months, putting the water in a large pond clean, keeping the water level in the annular groove, enabling the soft-shelled turtles to swim into the annular groove, and fishing out the live shrimps at the same time, wherein the fishing out of the live shrimps is generally continued to the end of 11 months; then water in the annular ditch is discharged, silt at the bottom of the annular ditch is exposed, and the mud is turned over to catch soft-shelled turtles; and (5) keeping partial plants for natural hibernation.
3. A method of farming according to claim 1, wherein: step (6) is to circularly feed the soft-shelled turtle for 3 years according to the steps (1) to (5).
4. A method of farming according to claim 1, wherein: step (6) is to circularly feed the soft-shelled turtle for 4 years according to the steps (1) to (5).
5. A method of farming according to claim 1, wherein: optionally splashing nitrous acid solution with concentration lower than 0.2% on water surface, and measuring water quality every day to keep pH value of water at 8.4-8.6; in summer, certain oxygenation powder is sprayed to enable dissolved oxygen to be more than 6 mg/L.
6. A method of farming according to claim 1, wherein: disease control is divided into 3 stages of prenatal, midnatal and postnatal:
(1) Prenatal stage: in-situ repairing, before putting soft-shelled turtle, spraying quicklime into the dry pond, re-insolating, and carrying out dry up on harmful trash fish and various germs;
(2) Stage in labor: adopting an ecological three-dimensional culture mode to form a three-dimensional microcirculation system, wherein the soft-shelled turtle eats live shrimps without feeding feed, and the live fish eats excrement of the soft-shelled turtle and remains of the shrimps; optionally spraying low-concentration chlorine dioxide, bleaching powder or iodine solution on the water surface for disinfection; the water in the pond is partially discharged to a water treatment sedimentation tank for purification treatment according to the situation in batches, and is led back to the pond for recycling after reaching the standard;
(3) Post partum stage: the water in the pond is completely discharged to a water treatment sedimentation tank for purification treatment, and the pond is repaired in situ according to the pre-production stage (1); and (3) discharging water in the water treatment sedimentation tank after reaching the standard, or partially introducing the water back into the pond, introducing new water, and recovering the normal culture water level.
7. A method of farming according to claim 1, wherein: the area of the annular groove at the inner side of the large pond dike is 8% of the area of the large pond, the ratio of the size of the small pond heat-insulating area to the size of the large pond is 1:10, the size of the large pond is 300 mu, the heat-insulating area of the small pond is 30 mu, and the slope inclination of the large pond dike and the slopes at the two sides of the small pond dike are 18 degrees; the pond depths of the heat preservation areas of the large pond and the small pond are 1.8m, and the sludge thickness of the pond bottom is 22cm; the square side length of the grid of the fixed grid is 45cm; the width of the cage door is 80cm, and the inclination of the side surface of the cage door device is 12 degrees; the small pond heat preservation area comprises 6 oxygen supply pumps, and the 6 oxygen supply pumps are uniformly arranged in the small pond heat preservation area.
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