CN104872032A - Industrialized iconological breeding method of young shrimps having high stress resistance and high disease resistance - Google Patents

Industrialized iconological breeding method of young shrimps having high stress resistance and high disease resistance Download PDF

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CN104872032A
CN104872032A CN201510338222.9A CN201510338222A CN104872032A CN 104872032 A CN104872032 A CN 104872032A CN 201510338222 A CN201510338222 A CN 201510338222A CN 104872032 A CN104872032 A CN 104872032A
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pond
shrimp
breeding
water
feed
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CN104872032B (en
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李活
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MAOMING JINYANG TROPICAL FISH CULTIVATION Co Ltd
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MAOMING JINYANG TROPICAL FISH CULTIVATION Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of marine product seed breeding and in particular relates to an industrialized iconological breeding method of young shrimps having high stress resistance and high disease resistance. The industrialized iconological breeding method comprises the steps of the construction and sterilization of an isolating breeding workshop and a standard breeding pool, the integrated treatment of breeding water, the healthy cultivation and reproduction of prawn parents, the throwing-in of healthy nauplius, the preparation of a breeding bait, the biological control and management of breeding water quality, bait feeding management, control of physical factors such as temperature and light, and the like. Due to biological control on the water environment of the indoor breeding pool and effective control on water temperature, illumination, transparency, dissolved oxygen, salinity, PH value, harmful substances, pests and the like, the breeding environmental conditions are optimized, the drug use, the feeding capacity and the drainage are reduced; in addition, the stress resistance and the disease resistance of the young prawns are enhanced, the quality and the survival rate of the young prawns are increased. The industrialized iconological breeding method of young prawns having high stress resistance and high disease resistance is used for solving the key technical problems of prawn breeding; a high-efficiency environment-friendly breeding mode is provided to promote efficient sustainable development of the prawn breeding industry.

Description

The batch production ecological breeding method of a kind of high-strength resistance and resistance against diseases shrimp seedling
Technical field
The present invention relates to marine products seedling breeding technical field, particularly relate to the batch production ecological breeding method of a kind of high-strength resistance and resistance against diseases shrimp seedling.
Background technology
Prawn enjoys domestic and international market to welcome as a kind of high-quality marine product, and the demand of high-quality to shrimp products is increasing, and prawn culturing has become the strong industry of China's fishery, is the important channel that China's fishing peasant employment is got rich.But in recent years, because the continuous degeneration of prawn culturing variety and quality, scarce general excellent substitute species and fine-variety breeding raising technology are delayed, cause the prawn seedling being difficult to breed high-quality, and going from bad to worse along with breeding environment water quality, extreme climate occurs often, cause various disease to take place frequently, prawn culturing success rate is low, culture benefit is extremely low.Particularly since 2013, the ground white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Taura syndrome (TSV) and the epidemic situation such as infectious subcutaneous and haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) are popular fast, prawn culturing success rate is caused to be reduced to less than 35%, within 2013, due to Deaths syndrome (EMS), dead disease and empty stomach trouble are broken out steathily, row pool rate is up to 75%, within 2015, first batch of shrimp " does not also start just to tie speed " especially, the row pool, various places rate is up to more than 85%, and this Quality Down with shrimp seedling has direct relation.Present expert's thing cries out in alarm " if high-quality shrimp seedling can't resolve, how far this shrimp can also walk? "Visible, prawn culturing industry faces a crisis, and has developed into the bottleneck phase.
Thus, based on the tight pretty situation of China's prawn culturing, need the ecological breeding pattern of research and development high-efficiency environment friendly badly, breed high-strength resistance and resistance against diseases shrimp seedling, improve prawn culturing success rate, promote the sustainable health development of prawn culturing industry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, provide that a kind of high-efficiency environment friendly, seedling quality better, survival rate are high, the batch production ecological breeding method of the high-strength resistance of accomplishing scale production and resistance against diseases shrimp seedling.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The batch production ecological breeding method of high-strength resistance and resistance against diseases shrimp seedling is provided, comprises the following steps:
Step one, isolation seedling culturing vehicle between and standard nursery pond foundation and disinfect:
1) each 500m between seedling culturing vehicle is isolated 2, point 2 groups, left and right, totally 16 indoor raising of seedling ponds, each nursery pond 20 m 2, pond height 1.5m;
2) each nursery pond arranges the skylight of 1 wide 2.0m, long 3.5m, the side window of 1 wide 1.5m, high 3.5m; 24 skylights and 24 side windows are set between every seedling culturing vehicle, ensure sufficient intensity of illumination;
3) by water-soluble to strong chlorine oil (TCCA (Trichloroisocyanuric acid) powder) 2.0kg, potassium permanganate 0.5kg, the mixed solution that concentration is 250ppm is made, between seedling culturing vehicle and nursery pond thorough disinfection;
The integrated treatment of step 2, water for larval nursing:
1) seawater is evacuated to high-level reservoir successively after rough sand, fine sand, active carbon, screen filtration, and described high-level reservoir is cylindrical, top seal, and area is 100m 2, high 3m; Than face, the pond height 10cm of husky filtering ponds at the bottom of the pond of high-level reservoir;
2) dark precipitation: seawater carries out the dark precipitation of more than 24 hours in high-level reservoir;
3) chemistry, physical treatment: the seawater after dark precipitation adds to water treating pond, carries out thorough disinfection with strong chlorine oil 6ppm, carried out neutralization removing toxic substances and aeration more than 48 hours with sodium thiosulfate 3.0ppm after 24 hours, and through high velocity stream water treatment;
4) three grades of husky filter process:
Seawater after step 3) process is first through the filter of first order sand: for finger stone, 20 eye mesh screens, rough sand filter, then through second level sand filter: for rough sand, 80 eye mesh screens, fine sand filter, and is finally the filter of third level sand: active carbon, 150 eye mesh screens, fine sand filter;
5) in nursery pond, add the seawater after step 4) process to 1.3m, regulate proportion to be 1.019 ~ 1.021, pH value is 8.2 ~ 8.5, and dissolved oxygen amount is 5.0 ~ 5.5mg/ml;
6) disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 5.0ppm is thrown in, fluorspar powder 10.0 ppm, ionized calcium 1.5ppm;
The health of step 3, prawn parent is cultivated and breeding:
1) foundation in parent shrimp rearing pond: long 6 meters, wide 5 meters, high 1 meter of parent shrimp rearing pond, 30 m 2, 12 parent shrimp rearing ponds are a workshop, cultivate the young and can meet nursery between 20 seedling culturing vehicles;
2) selection of close shrimp: select the Penaeus Vannmei parent meeting specific pathogen free standard through inspection and quarantine, male shrimp specification is 45 grams, and female shrimp specification is 40 grams;
3) health of close shrimp is cultivated:
1. parent shrimp rearing pond adds treated clean water quality, depth of water 50cm;
2. the bioelectric detecting management of water quality: inoculate Skeletonema Costatum 1 × 10 first 2cfu/ml ~ 2 × 10 2cfu/ml, bacillus subtilis 100 × 10 4cfu/ml ~ 125 × 10 4cfu/ml, nitrosoation bacillus 30 × 10 4cfu/ml ~ 45 × 10 4cfu/ml; Threw in 1 time every 3 days;
3. the throwing something and feeding of feed: by clam worm: shellfish meat: the weight ratio of special close shrimp artificial feed is that 3:2:1 throws in (the fresh and alive feed such as clam worm and shellfish meat will, by detecting, not be with specific pathogen to be crucial); Every day 4 times, every day throws something and feeds by close shrimp gross weight 45%;
4. the regulation and control of illumination and physical and chemical factor: controlled light intensity is 4000 ~ 4500 Lx, temperature 26 ~ 28 DEG C, pH value 8.2 ~ 8.5, proportion 1.018 ~ 1.022;
4) pairing of close shrimp is bred:
1. select individual large, that sexual gland is fully ripe female male parent shrimp to carry out pairing mating in mating pond, in mating pond, female male parent shrimp ratio is 1:3;
2. the temperature in mating pond keeps 26 ~ 27 DEG C, and spawning pond temperature keeps 27 ~ 28 DEG C;
3., when close shrimp mating rate less than 35%, this unsuitable spawning and hatching of close shrimp of this batch, is not used in nursery;
5) hatching of fertilized egg:
1) select that ovum grain is full, fertilized egg that not damaged or no-sundries adhere to;
2) fertilized egg is hatched after 1.5ppm iodine liquid disinfectant 10min;
3) hatching density is 80 ~ 1,000,000/m3;
The input of step 4, healthy nauplius:
1) nauplius hatched, after testing without band specific pathogen, guarantees that the nauplius used is healthy and safe;
2) nauplius selecting individual large, energetic, not damaged or no-sundries to adhere to;
3) nauplius is with after 2.0ppm brilliant iodine solution sterilization 10min, drops into nursery pond;
4) breeding density is 15.0 ~ 20.0 ten thousand/m 3;
The outfit of step 5, nursery bait:
1) cultivation of Skeletonema Costatum: from seawater extract and in algae kind room conservation, be inoculated into closed algae culturing system according to need of production and carry out yielding ability cultivation, throw something and feed for zoea;
2) artitificial food: directly buy artifical compound feed from feed shop, throw something and feed for whole process;
3) cultivation of SS type wheel animalcule: inoculate SS type wheel animalcule in closed wheel animalcule culture systems, the inoculation quantity of SS type wheel animalcule is 10 ~ 20/ml; Throw something and feed every day 4 times, the spirulina powder 5ppm that at every turn throws something and feeds, marine yeast 3ppm, EM bacterium 10ppm, throw something and feed for mysis larva;
4) hatching of artemia larvae: buy canned slag oxygenation by feed shop, soak 20 minutes with 50ppm chlorine dioxide during hatching, clean up and put into hatching pail and hatch, 3ppm disinfection by chlorine dioxide is used in hatching, within general 24 hours, can nauplius be hatched, throw something and feed for the post larval young;
The bioelectric detecting management of step 6, nursery water quality:
1) screening of beneficial bacterium, useful algae and directive breeding:
Screen useful algae Skeletonema Costatum, extract from seawater and in algae kind room, carry out one-level conservation and secondary expansion cultivation, being inoculated into closed algae culturing system according to need of production and carrying out yielding ability cultivation; Introduced a fine variety by Skeletonema Costatum in nursery pond, inoculum density is 3 × 10 3individual/l, directive breeding becomes dominant population; Screen bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosoation bacillus, in bacterial classification room by fermentation access nursery pond, the inoculum density of bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosoation bacillus is respectively 3 × 10 simultaneously 4cfu/l, 6 × 10 4cfu/l and 125 × 10 4cfu/l;
2) structure of beneficial bacterium and useful algae dominant population system and the control to cultivate water environment and disease thereof:
In early stage of prawn seed-rearing, mid-term and later stage, build beneficial bacterium and useful algae dominant population system, make the concentration of Skeletonema Costatum remain on 4 × 10 6individual/l ~ 16 × 10 6individual/l, the concentration of bacillus subtilis is 8 × 10 8~ 10 × 10 8cfu/l, the concentration of lactic acid bacteria is 3 × 10 6~ 5 × 10 6cfu/l, the concentration of nitrosoation bacillus is 6 × 10 6~ 8 × 10 8cfu/l;
3) after raining, cold air arrives or strong wind weather need throw in platinum combination B B-complex 1.0ppm, prevent stress with improvement water quality;
4) do not change seawater before mysis larva, only add a small amount of fresh water and regulate salinity; Carry out changing water according to variation of water after the post larval young, each quantity of exchanged water is 20 ~ 30cm, throws in platinum combination B B-complex 0.6ppm and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 1.5ppm after changing water immediately;
The control and management of step 7, temperature, light and other physical and chemical factors:
1) control of temperature:
Under nauplius, during pond, temperature controls at 29 DEG C, and later every day raises 0.5 DEG C, until 32 DEG C also keep stable;
2) illumination controls:
By skylight and side window sunshade net controlled light intensity, controlling intensity of illumination during pond under nauplius is 500 ~ 800Lx, and later every day improves 100Lx, and final controlled light intensity is 2000 ~ 2500 Lx;
3) control of other physical and chemical factors:
When proportion is adjusted to pond under nauplius 1.019 ~ 1.021, during zoea 1.018 ~ 1.020, during mysis 1.016 ~ 1.018, during young shrimp young first day 1.014 ~ 1.016; Regulate the proportion of nursery pond according to the proportion putting seedling pond water afterwards, but will note regulating every day proportion can not more than 1.002;
PH value remains on 8.2 ~ 8.5, is watered sprinkles regulation and control time on the low side in conjunction with microorganism regulation and control quicklime;
Dissolved oxygen amount controls at 5.5 ~ 6.5mg/ml; Use fan blower continuous charge, increase gradually to post larval from nauplius stage;
Ammonia-nitrogen content controls at 0.50 ~ 1.50mg/l;
Content of nitrite controls at 0.015 ~ 0.065mg/l;
Step 8, bait feeding manage:
In input nauplius 24 hours, with the yolk of self for nutrition, abnormal is Skeletonema Costatum and the artifical compound feed of throwing something and feeding after zoea, throws something and feeds every day 6 times;
It is mysis that zoea cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days, starts throw something and feed SS type wheel animalcule and artifical compound feed;
It is young shrimp that mysis cultivated metamorphosis through 3-4 days, starts throw something and feed artemia larvae and artifical compound feed;
Young shrimp 6 ~ 7 days (whole nursery stage 15-16 days) can grow to 0.8 ~ 1.0cm, sale of can emerging;
The pond that goes out of step 9, shrimp seedling is sold:
1) shrimp seedling was cultivated through 15 ~ 16 days, generally can reach 0.8 ~ 1.0cm, now can emerge;
2) progressively regulate the proportion of nursery pond water body according to the proportion of putting pond (shrimp aquaculture pond) water body in a suitable place to breed before emerging, regulate every day salinity difference to be no more than 1.002, when emerging, the proportion of nursery pond water body is no more than 1.004 with the difference in specific gravity of putting pond water body in a suitable place to breed;
3) emerge first 2 hours sufficient fairy shrimps of throwing something and feeding;
4) emerge with water throwing platinum combination B B-complex 1ppm, preventing stress.
the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The batch production ecological breeding method of a kind of high-strength resistance of the present invention and resistance against diseases shrimp seedling, compared with the factorial seedling growth pattern of prior art, has the following advantages:
1) the high-quality shrimp seedling with high-strength resistance and resistance against diseases can be provided for prawn culturing industry, improve cultivation success rate, promote the sound development of prawn industry;
2) the present invention is by the reinforced cultivating to specific pathogen free parent shrimp, throwing something and feeding, (feed is in clam worm: shellfish meat: special close shrimp artificial feed are that 3:2:1 ratio is thrown in for high-quality and safety feed, the fresh and alive feeds such as clam worm and shellfish meat will by detecting, specific pathogen is not with to be that core competency is thrown something and fed), bioelectric detecting is adopted to cultivate water quality environment, ensure that cultivated young high-quality is healthy, for cultivating high-strength resistance and resistance against diseases shrimp seedling provides ensure early stage;
3) the present invention is by the optimization of the process conditions such as temperature, illumination, dissolved oxygen amount, water quality in indoor raising of seedling pond and comprehensive control, the shrimp seedling neat specification cultivated, survival rate are high, resistance and resistance against diseases strong;
4) present invention achieves batch production ecological breeding, can round-the-clock large-scale production, output is high, fully meets the need of market;
5) the present invention adopts physics, chemistry, biological synthesis process and recovering technology to carry out pretreatment to nursery water source, and in indoor raising of seedling process, drop into multiple-microorganism, pass through directive breeding, set up advantage beneficial bacterium algae population, degraded and absorption noxious material, suppress pathogen growth breeding, realize the biological prevention and control of nursery disease, thus people can be reduced for medication, improve shrimp seedling immunity, make cultivated shrimp seedling have high-strength resistance and resistance against diseases; Also can decrease simultaneously and feed intake and sewage discharge, stop the problem of medicament residue from source, reducing environmental pollution, is a kind of nursery pattern of high-efficiency environment friendly.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with the following Examples, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
embodiment 1.
A batch production ecological breeding method for high-strength resistance and resistance against diseases shrimp seedling, it comprises the following steps:
Step one, isolation seedling culturing vehicle between and standard nursery pond foundation and disinfect:
1) each 500m between seedling culturing vehicle is isolated 2, point 2 groups, left and right, totally 16 indoor raising of seedling ponds, each nursery pond 20 m 2, pond height 1.5m;
2) each nursery pond arranges the skylight of 1 wide 2.0m, long 3.5m, the side window of 1 wide 1.5m, high 3.5m; 24 skylights and 24 side windows are set between every seedling culturing vehicle, ensure sufficient intensity of illumination;
3) by water-soluble to strong chlorine oil (TCCA (Trichloroisocyanuric acid) powder) 2.0kg, potassium permanganate 0.5kg, the mixed solution that concentration is 250ppm is made, between seedling culturing vehicle and nursery pond thorough disinfection;
The integrated treatment of step 2, water for larval nursing:
1) seawater is evacuated to high-level reservoir successively after rough sand, fine sand, active carbon, screen filtration, and described high-level reservoir is cylindrical, top seal, and area is 100m 2, high 3m; Than face, the pond height 10cm of husky filtering ponds at the bottom of the pond of high-level reservoir;
2) dark precipitation: seawater carries out the dark precipitation of more than 24 hours in high-level reservoir;
3) chemistry, physical treatment: the seawater after dark precipitation adds to water treating pond, carries out thorough disinfection with strong chlorine oil 6ppm, carried out neutralization removing toxic substances and aeration more than 48 hours with sodium thiosulfate 3.0ppm after 24 hours, and through high velocity stream water treatment;
4) three grades of husky filter process:
Seawater after step 3) process is first through the filter of first order sand: for finger stone, 20 eye mesh screens, rough sand filter, then through second level sand filter: for rough sand, 80 eye mesh screens, fine sand filter, and is finally the filter of third level sand: active carbon, 150 eye mesh screens, fine sand filter;
5) in nursery pond, add the seawater after step 4) process to 1.3m, regulate proportion to be 1.019 ~ 1.021, pH value is 8.2 ~ 8.5, and dissolved oxygen amount is 5.0 ~ 5.5mg/ml;
6) disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 5.0ppm is thrown in, fluorspar powder 10.0 ppm, ionized calcium 1.5ppm;
The health of step 3, prawn parent is cultivated and breeding:
1) foundation in parent shrimp rearing pond: long 6 meters, wide 5 meters, high 1 meter of parent shrimp rearing pond, 30 m 2, 12 parent shrimp rearing ponds are a workshop, cultivate the young and can meet nursery between 20 seedling culturing vehicles;
2) selection of close shrimp: select the Penaeus Vannmei parent meeting specific pathogen free standard through inspection and quarantine, male shrimp specification is 45 grams, and female shrimp specification is 40 grams;
3) health of close shrimp is cultivated:
1. parent shrimp rearing pond adds treated clean water quality, depth of water 50cm;
2. the bioelectric detecting management of water quality: inoculate Skeletonema Costatum 1 × 10 first 2cfu/ml ~ 2 × 10 2cfu/ml, bacillus subtilis 100 × 10 4cfu/ml ~ 125 × 10 4cfu/ml, nitrosoation bacillus 30 × 10 4cfu/ml ~ 45 × 10 4cfu/ml; Threw in 1 time every 3 days;
3. the throwing something and feeding of feed: by clam worm: shellfish meat: the weight ratio of special close shrimp artificial feed is that 3:2:1 throws in (the fresh and alive feed such as clam worm and shellfish meat will, by detecting, not be with specific pathogen to be crucial); Every day 4 times, every day throws something and feeds by close shrimp gross weight 45%;
4. the regulation and control of illumination and physical and chemical factor: controlled light intensity is 4000 ~ 4500 Lx, temperature 26 ~ 28 DEG C, pH value 8.2 ~ 8.5, proportion 1.018 ~ 1.022;
4) pairing of close shrimp is bred:
1. select individual large, that sexual gland is fully ripe female male parent shrimp to carry out pairing mating in mating pond, in mating pond, female male parent shrimp ratio is 1:3;
2. the temperature in mating pond keeps 26 ~ 27 DEG C, and spawning pond temperature keeps 27 ~ 28 DEG C;
3., when close shrimp mating rate less than 35%, this unsuitable spawning and hatching of close shrimp of this batch, is not used in nursery;
5) hatching of fertilized egg:
1) select that ovum grain is full, fertilized egg that not damaged or no-sundries adhere to;
2) fertilized egg is hatched after 1.5ppm iodine liquid disinfectant 10min;
3) hatching density is 80 ~ 1,000,000/m3;
The input of step 4, healthy nauplius:
1) nauplius hatched, after testing without band specific pathogen, guarantees that the nauplius used is healthy and safe;
2) nauplius selecting individual large, energetic, not damaged or no-sundries to adhere to;
3) nauplius is with after 2.0ppm brilliant iodine solution sterilization 10min, drops into nursery pond;
4) breeding density is 15.0 ~ 20.0 ten thousand/m 3;
The outfit of step 5, nursery bait:
1) cultivation of Skeletonema Costatum: from seawater extract and in algae kind room conservation, be inoculated into closed algae culturing system according to need of production and carry out yielding ability cultivation, throw something and feed for zoea;
2) artitificial food: directly buy artifical compound feed from feed shop, throw something and feed for whole process;
3) cultivation of SS type wheel animalcule: inoculate SS type wheel animalcule in closed wheel animalcule culture systems, the inoculation quantity of SS type wheel animalcule is 10 ~ 20/ml; Throw something and feed every day 4 times, the spirulina powder 5ppm that at every turn throws something and feeds, marine yeast 3ppm, EM bacterium 10ppm, throw something and feed for mysis larva;
4) hatching of artemia larvae: buy canned slag oxygenation by feed shop, soak 20 minutes with 50ppm chlorine dioxide during hatching, clean up and put into hatching pail and hatch, 3ppm disinfection by chlorine dioxide is used in hatching, within general 24 hours, can nauplius be hatched, throw something and feed for the post larval young;
The bioelectric detecting management of step 6, nursery water quality:
1) screening of beneficial bacterium, useful algae and directive breeding:
Screen useful algae Skeletonema Costatum, extract from seawater and in algae kind room, carry out one-level conservation and secondary expansion cultivation, being inoculated into closed algae culturing system according to need of production and carrying out yielding ability cultivation; Introduced a fine variety by Skeletonema Costatum in nursery pond, inoculum density is 3 × 10 3individual/l, directive breeding becomes dominant population; Screen bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosoation bacillus, in bacterial classification room by fermentation access nursery pond, the inoculum density of bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosoation bacillus is respectively 3 × 10 simultaneously 4cfu/l, 6 × 10 4cfu/l and 125 × 10 4cfu/l;
2) structure of beneficial bacterium and useful algae dominant population system and the control to cultivate water environment and disease thereof:
In early stage of prawn seed-rearing, mid-term and later stage, build beneficial bacterium and useful algae dominant population system, make the concentration of Skeletonema Costatum remain on 4 × 10 6individual/l ~ 16 × 10 6individual/l, the concentration of bacillus subtilis is 8 × 10 8~ 10 × 10 8cfu/l, the concentration of lactic acid bacteria is 3 × 10 6~ 5 × 10 6cfu/l, the concentration of nitrosoation bacillus is 6 × 10 6~ 8 × 10 8cfu/l;
3) after raining, cold air arrives or strong wind weather need throw in platinum combination B B-complex 1.0ppm, prevent stress with improvement water quality;
4) do not change seawater before mysis larva, only add a small amount of fresh water and regulate salinity; Carry out changing water according to variation of water after the post larval young, each quantity of exchanged water is 20 ~ 30cm, throws in platinum combination B B-complex 0.6ppm and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 1.5ppm after changing water immediately;
The control and management of step 7, temperature, light and other physical and chemical factors:
1) control of temperature:
Under nauplius, during pond, temperature controls at 29 DEG C, and later every day raises 0.5 DEG C, until 32 DEG C also keep stable;
2) illumination controls:
By skylight and side window sunshade net controlled light intensity, controlling intensity of illumination during pond under nauplius is 500 ~ 800Lx, and later every day improves 100Lx, and final controlled light intensity is 2000 ~ 2500 Lx;
3) control of other physical and chemical factors:
When proportion is adjusted to pond under nauplius 1.019 ~ 1.021, during zoea 1.018 ~ 1.020, during mysis 1.016 ~ 1.018, during young shrimp young first day 1.014 ~ 1.016; Regulate the proportion of nursery pond according to the proportion putting seedling pond water afterwards, but will note regulating every day proportion can not more than 1.002;
PH value remains on 8.2 ~ 8.5, is watered sprinkles regulation and control time on the low side in conjunction with microorganism regulation and control quicklime;
Dissolved oxygen amount controls at 5.5 ~ 6.5mg/ml; Use fan blower continuous charge, increase gradually to post larval from nauplius stage;
Ammonia-nitrogen content controls at 0.50 ~ 1.50mg/l;
Content of nitrite controls at 0.015 ~ 0.065mg/l;
Step 8, bait feeding manage:
In input nauplius 24 hours, with the yolk of self for nutrition, abnormal is Skeletonema Costatum and the artifical compound feed of throwing something and feeding after zoea, throws something and feeds every day 6 times;
It is mysis that zoea cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days, starts the artifical compound feed such as SS type wheel animalcule and spirulina powder, particulate, prawn slice, black track producing particle of throwing something and feeding;
It is young shrimp that mysis cultivated metamorphosis through 3-4 days, starts throw something and feed artemia larvae and artifical compound feed;
Young shrimp 6 ~ 7 days (whole nursery stage 15 ~ 16 days) can grow to 0.8 ~ 1.0cm, sale of can emerging;
The pond that goes out of step 9, shrimp seedling is sold:
1) shrimp seedling was cultivated through 15 ~ 16 days, generally can reach 0.8 ~ 1.0cm, now can emerge;
2) progressively regulate the proportion of nursery pond water body according to the proportion of putting pond (shrimp aquaculture pond) water body in a suitable place to breed before emerging, regulate every day salinity difference to be no more than 1.002, when emerging, the proportion of nursery pond water body is no more than 1.004 with the difference in specific gravity of putting pond water body in a suitable place to breed;
3) emerge first 2 hours sufficient fairy shrimps of throwing something and feeding;
4) emerge with water throwing platinum combination B B-complex 1ppm, preventing stress.
In the present embodiment, commodity in use is following:
Strong chlorine oil (TCCA (Trichloroisocyanuric acid) powder) is the commodity that Wuhan Keyang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. produces;
Brilliant iodine is the commodity that the brilliant brilliant engineering of water treatment Co., Ltd in Yuncheng Yanhu District produces;
Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate is the commodity that Xilong Chemical Co., Ltd produces;
The commodity that EM Jun Shi Guangdong Lubaiduo Bio-tech Co., Ltd. produces;
Platinum combination B B-complex is the commodity that pul safe animal pharmaceutical estate Co., Ltd in Henan produces;
Ionized calcium is the commodity that the green company more than hundred in Guangdong produces;
The refreshing bright and beautiful commodity being Xin Hailisheng bio tech ltd, Guangzhou and producing;
Artifical compound feed (main component be spirulina powder, particulate, prawn slice and black track producing particle etc.) is the commodity that Bo Shang feed corporation,Ltd of Zhanjiang City produces.
following examples are selected between the seedling culturing vehicle of an isolation, area 500m 2 , by two groups, between seedling culturing vehicle point of left and right, 16 indoor raising of seedling ponds are set, each nursery pond area 20m 2 , high 1.5m, and respectively by sequence number name (as No. 1 nursery pond, No. 2 nursery ponds ... etc.), embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 be selected No. 2 nursery ponds wherein and No. 8 nursery ponds respectively, and adopt the method for embodiment 1 to carry out factorial seedling growth.
embodiment 2: selected No. 2 nursery ponds are tested:
1, on April 9th, 2013, with strong chlorine oil 2.0kg, the molten water of potassium permanganate 0.5kg, making concentration is 200ppm strong chlorine oil and potassium permanganate mixed solution, between seedling culturing vehicle and nursery pond thorough disinfection.
2, on April 9th, 2013, draw up the seawater come from sea area and carry out following pretreatment:
1) seawater is evacuated to high-level reservoir successively after rough sand, fine sand, active carbon, screen filtration, and described high-level reservoir is cylindrical, top seal, and area is 100m 2, high 3m; Than face, the pond height 10cm of husky filtering ponds at the bottom of the pond of cistern;
2) dark precipitation: seawater carries out the dark precipitation of more than 24 hours in high-level reservoir;
3) chemistry, physical treatment: the seawater after dark precipitation adds to water treating pond, carries out thorough disinfection with strong chlorine oil 6ppm, carried out neutralization removing toxic substances and aeration more than 48 hours with sodium thiosulfate 3.0ppm after 24 hours, and through high velocity stream water treatment;
4) three grades of husky filter process: first through the filter of first order sand: finger stone, 20 eye mesh screens, rough sand filter, then through second level sand filter: for rough sand, 80 eye mesh screens, fine sand filter, be finally the filter of third level sand: active carbon, 150 eye mesh screens, fine sand filter;
5) to put into nursery pond for subsequent use for pretreated seawater.
On April 14th, 2013, add the seawater after above-mentioned process in nursery pond, the depth of water is 1.3m, and regulate proportion to be 1.020, pH value is 8.2, and dissolved oxygen amount is 5.1/ml;
On April 15th, 2013 throws in disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 5.0ppm, fluorspar powder 10.0 ppm, ionized calcium 1.5ppm, complexing heavy metal and other noxious material of releasing.
3, the health of prawn parent is cultivated and breeding:
On March 15th, 2013, and selected No. 5 and No. 6 parent shrimp rearing ponds (grow 6 meters, wide 5 meters, high 1 meter; Area 30 square metres), parent culture pond adds treated clean water quality, depth of water 50cm;
On March 17th, 2013, inoculation Skeletonema Costatum 1 × 10 2cfu/ml ~ 2 × 10 2cfu/ml, bacillus subtilis 100 × 10 4cfu/ml ~ 125 × 10 4cfu/ml, nitrosoation bacillus 30 × 10 4cfu/ml ~ 45 × 10 4cfu/ml; Threw in 1 time every 3 days.
On March 20th, 2013, introduce specific pathogen free prawn parent 2000 to (meet specific pathogen free standard through inspection and quarantine, ♀ shrimp specification is 46 grams after measured, and ♂ shrimp specification is 42 grams) from the U.S..Wherein 333 tail ♀ shrimps and 333 tail ♂ shrimps are thrown in respectively and cultivate in selected No. 5 and No. 6 parent shrimp rearing ponds;
On March 20th, 2013,30g platinum combination B B-complex is dropped in No. 5 and No. 6 parent shrimp rearing ponds respectively;
On March 20th, 2013, throw something and feed clam worm 3.3Kg, shellfish meat 2.2Kg and special close shrimp artificial feed 1.1Kg respectively for No. 5 and No. 6 parent shrimp rearing ponds; Every natural gift throw something and feed (Feeding time is: 7:00,13:00,19:00,1:00) for 4 times;
On March 20th, 2013, controlled light intensity is 4000 ~ 4500 Lx; The regulation and control of physical and chemical factor: temperature 26-28 DEG C, pH value 8.2-8.5, proportion 1.018-1.022;
In the morning on April 1st, 2013, No. 5 pond every tails of ♀ shrimp are excised 1 optic stalk, be conducive to ripe and sex differentiation;
In morning on April 15th, 2013, No. 5 ♀ parent shrimps that ♀ shrimps individuality is large, sexual gland is fully ripe and No. 6 ♂ are selected to carry out pairing mating, mating pond temperature maintenance 26-27 DEG C;
In evening, by the ♀ shrimp of mating, moved to spawning pond and laid eggs on April 15th, 2013, and spawning pond temperature keeps 27-28 DEG C;
Morning on April 16th, 2013, the fertilized egg that screening ovum grain is full, not damaged or no-sundries adhere to;
Hatch with after 1.5ppm iodine liquid disinfectant 10min, hatching density is 80 ~ 1,000,000/m 3.
4, healthy nauplius is thrown in:
In afternoon on April 16th, 2013, select healthy nauplius 4,000,000 tail to be invested in No. 2 selected prawn nursery ponds and carry out nursery;
1) nauplius hatched, after testing without band specific pathogen, guarantees that the young used is healthy and safe;
2) nauplius selecting individual large, energetic, not damaged or no-sundries to adhere to;
3) nauplius is with after 2.0ppm brilliant iodine solution sterilization 10min, drops into nursery pond;
4) breeding density is 15.0 ~ 20.0 ten thousand/m 3.
5, the cultivation of the outfit living bait of nursery bait:
On April 13rd, 2013, Skeletonema Costatum concentration is 3 × 10 3individual/l, is inoculated into closed algae culturing system and carries out yielding ability cultivation; (also for regulating and controlling water quality) for subsequent use is thrown something and fed for zoea;
On April 13rd, 2013, the cultivation of SS type wheel animalcule is inoculated in closed wheel animalcule culture systems cultivates, and the inoculation quantity of SS type wheel animalcule is 10 ~ 20/ml; Throw something and feed every day 4 times, the spirulina powder 5ppm that at every turn throws something and feeds, marine yeast 3ppm, EM bacterium 10ppm, throw something and feed for mysis larva.
The bioelectric detecting management of 6, nursery water quality:
On April 14th, 2013, introduced a fine variety by Skeletonema Costatum in nursery pond, inoculum density is 3 × 10 3individual/l;
On April 15th, 2013, will be inoculated in nursery pond by the bacillus subtilis of fermentation, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosoation bacillus, the inoculum density of bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosoation bacillus is respectively 3 × 10 4cfu/l, 6 × 10 4cfu/l and 125 × 10 4cfu/l;
On April 17th, 2013, drop into Skeletonema Costatum and introduce a fine variety in nursery pond, make the concentration of Skeletonema Costatum remain on 4 × 10 6individual/l ~ 16 × 10 6individual/l; Later every day 1 time;
On April 18th, 2013, drop into bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosoation bacillus, make seedling water keep the concentration of bacillus subtilis to be 8 × 10 8~ 10 × 10 8cfu/l, the concentration of lactic acid bacteria is 3 × 10 6~ 5 × 10 6cfu/l, the concentration of nitrosoation bacillus is 6 × 10 6~ 8 × 10 8cfu/l; Later every 3 days 1 time;
On April 28th, 2013, larval metamorphosis becomes young shrimp the 3rd day, changes water 25cm, throws in platinum combination B B-complex 15.6g and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 40g after changing water immediately.
7, the control and management of temperature, light and other physical and chemical factors:
1) control of temperature:
Under nauplius, during pond, temperature controls at 29 DEG C, and later every day raises 0.5 DEG C, until 32 DEG C also keep stable;
2) illumination controls:
By skylight and side window sunshade net controlled light intensity, controlling intensity of illumination during pond under nauplius is 500 ~ 800Lx, and later every day improves 100Lx, and final controlled light intensity is 2000 ~ 2500 Lx.
3) control of other physical and chemical factors
When proportion is adjusted to pond under nauplius 1.019 ~ 1.021, during zoea 1.018 ~ 1.020, during mysis 1.016 ~ 1.018, during young shrimp young first day 1.014 ~ 1.016; Regulate nursery pond proportion according to the proportion putting seedling pond water afterwards, but will note regulating every day proportion can not more than 1.002;
PH value remains on 8.2 ~ 8.5, is watered sprinkles regulation and control time on the low side in conjunction with microorganism regulation and control quicklime;
Dissolved oxygen amount controls at 5.5 ~ 6.5mg/ml; Use fan blower continuous charge, increase gradually to post larval from nauplius stage;
Ammonia-nitrogen content controls at 0.50 ~ 1.50mg/l;
Content of nitrite controls at 0.015 ~ 0.065mg/l;
8, the bait feeding management of shrimp seedling:
On April 16th, 2013, throw in nauplius 24 hours, with the yolk of self for nutrition;
On April 17th, 2013, nauplius becomes zoea through metamorphosis in 24 hours, puts in nursery pond, make the concentration of Skeletonema Costatum remain on 4 × 10 after Skeletonema Costatum is concentrated 6individual/l ~ 16 × 10 6individual/l; Later every day 1 time; .
On April 17th, 2013, start the artifical compound feeds such as spirulina powder, particulate, prawn slice and black track producing particle of throwing something and feeding; Throw something and feed every day 6 times;
On April 21st, 2013, it is mysis that zoea cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days, starts the artifical compound feed such as SS type wheel animalcule and spirulina powder, particulate, prawn slice, black track producing particle of throwing something and feeding;
On April 25th, 2013, it is young shrimp that mysis cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days, starts the artifical compound feed such as artemia larvae and spirulina powder, particulate, prawn slice, black track producing particle of throwing something and feeding.
9, the pond that goes out of shrimp seedling is sold:
On May 1st, 2013, young shrimp is cultivated to the 6th day (whole nursery stage 15 days), starts sale of emerging.
Sample 500 tails, recording minimum gauge is 0.86cm, is 0.95cm to the maximum, and measuring shrimp seedling average body long is 0.92cm, and shrimp seedling specification is even, physique is healthy and strong, energetic; Through statistics output of seedling be 3,380,000 tails, survival rate 84.5%.
Extract 3000 tail shrimp seedlings respectively and carry out Viral diagnosis and the residual detection of medicine, all qualified.
embodiment 3: selected No. 8 nursery ponds are tested.
1, on June 10th, 2014, with strong chlorine oil 2.0kg, the molten water of potassium permanganate 0.5kg, making concentration is 200ppm strong chlorine oil and potassium permanganate mixed solution, between seedling culturing vehicle and nursery pond thorough disinfection.
2, on June 10th, 2014, draw up the seawater come from sea area and carry out following pretreatment, its step is identical with embodiment 2.
On June 15th, 2014, add the seawater after above-mentioned process in nursery pond, the depth of water is 1.3m, and regulate proportion to be 1.020, pH value is 8.2, and dissolved oxygen amount is 5.1/ml;
On June 16th, 2014 throws in disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 5.0ppm, fluorspar powder 10.0 ppm, ionized calcium 1.5ppm, complexing heavy metal and other noxious material of releasing.
3, the health of prawn parent is cultivated and breeding:
On May 16th, 2014, and selected No. 9 and No. 10 parent shrimp rearing ponds (grow 6 meters, wide 5 meters, high 1 meter; Area 30 square metres), parent culture pond adds treated clean water quality, depth of water 50cm;
On May 18th, 2014, inoculation Skeletonema Costatum 1 × 10 2cfu/ml ~ 2 × 10 2cfu/ml, bacillus subtilis 100 × 10 4cfu/ml ~ 125 × 10 4cfu/ml, nitrosoation bacillus 30 × 10 4cfu/ml ~ 45 × 10 4cfu/ml; Threw in 1 time every 3 days;
On May 22nd, 2014, introduce specific pathogen free prawn parent 2200 to (meet specific pathogen free standard through inspection and quarantine, ♀ shrimp specification is 46 grams after measured, and ♂ shrimp specification is 42 grams) from the U.S..Wherein 350 tail ♀ shrimps and 350 tail ♂ shrimps are thrown in respectively and cultivate in selected No. 5 and No. 6 parent shrimp rearing ponds;
On May 21st, 2014,30g platinum combination B B-complex is dropped in No. 9 and No. 10 parent shrimp rearing ponds respectively;
On May 21st, 2014, throw something and feed clam worm 3.6Kg, shellfish meat 2.4Kg and special close shrimp artificial feed 1.2Kg respectively for No. 9 and No. 10 parent shrimp rearing ponds; Every natural gift throw something and feed (Feeding time is: 7:00,13:00,19:00,1:00) for 4 times;
On May 21st, 2014, controlled light intensity is 4000 ~ 4500 Lx; The regulation and control of physical and chemical factor: temperature 26-28 DEG C, pH value 8.2-8.5, proportion 1.018-1.022;
In the morning on June 2nd, 2014, No. 9 pond every tails of ♀ shrimp are excised 1 optic stalk, be conducive to ripe and sex differentiation;
In morning on June 16th, 2014, No. 9 ♀ parent shrimps that ♀ shrimps individuality is large, sexual gland is fully ripe and No. 6 ♂ are selected to carry out pairing mating, mating pond temperature maintenance 26-27 DEG C;
In evening, by the ♀ shrimp of mating, moved to spawning pond and laid eggs on June 16th, 2014, and spawning pond temperature keeps 27-28 DEG C;
Morning on June 17th, 2014, the fertilized egg that screening ovum grain is full, not damaged or no-sundries adhere to;
Hatch with after 1.5ppm iodine liquid disinfectant 10min, hatching density is 80 ~ 1,000,000/m 3.
4, healthy nauplius is thrown in:
In afternoon on June 17th, 2014, select healthy nauplius 4,200,000 tail to be invested in No. 8 selected prawn nursery ponds and carry out nursery;
1) nauplius hatched, after testing without band specific pathogen, guarantees that the young used is healthy and safe;
2) nauplius selecting individual large, energetic, not damaged or no-sundries to adhere to;
3) nauplius is with after 2.0ppm brilliant iodine solution sterilization 10min, drops into nursery pond;
4) breeding density is 16.0 ten thousand/m 3.
5, the cultivation of the outfit living bait of nursery bait:
On June 14th, 2014, Skeletonema Costatum concentration is 3 × 103/l.Be inoculated into closed algae culturing system and carry out yielding ability cultivation; (also for regulating and controlling water quality) for subsequent use is thrown something and fed for zoea.
On June 14th, 2014, the cultivation of SS type wheel animalcule is inoculated in closed wheel animalcule culture systems cultivates, and the inoculation quantity of SS type wheel animalcule is 10 ~ 20/ml; Throw something and feed every day 4 times, the spirulina powder 5ppm that at every turn throws something and feeds, marine yeast 3ppm, EM bacterium 10ppm, throw something and feed for mysis larva.
The bioelectric detecting management of 6, nursery water quality:
On June 15th, 2014, introduced a fine variety by Skeletonema Costatum in nursery pond, inoculum density is 3 × 10 3individual/l;
On April 15th, 2013, will be inoculated in nursery pond by the bacillus subtilis of fermentation, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosoation bacillus, the inoculum density of bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosoation bacillus is respectively 3 × 10 4cfu/l, 6 × 10 4cfu/l and 125 × 10 4cfu/l;
On June 18th, 2014, drop into Skeletonema Costatum and introduce a fine variety in nursery pond, make the concentration of Skeletonema Costatum remain on 4 × 10 6individual/l ~ 16 × 10 6individual/l; Later every day 1 time;
On June 19th, 2014, drop into bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosoation bacillus, make seedling water keep the concentration of bacillus subtilis to be 8 × 10 8~ 10 × 10 8cfu/l, the concentration of lactic acid bacteria is 3 × 10 6~ 5 × 10 6cfu/l, the concentration of nitrosoation bacillus is 6 × 10 6~ 8 × 10 8cfu/l; Later every 3 days 1 time;
On June 29th, 2014, larval metamorphosis becomes young shrimp the 3rd day, changes water 25cm, throws in platinum combination B B-complex 15.6g and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 40g after changing water immediately.
7, the control and management of temperature, light and other physical and chemical factors between implementation period:
Its concrete steps are identical with embodiment 2.
8, the bait feeding management of shrimp seedling:
On June 17th, 2014, throw in nauplius 24 hours, with the yolk of self for nutrition;
On June 18th, 2014, nauplius becomes zoea through metamorphosis in 24 hours, puts in nursery pond, make the concentration of Skeletonema Costatum remain on 4 × 10 after Skeletonema Costatum is concentrated 6individual/l ~ 16 × 10 6individual/l; Later every day 1 time.
On June 18th, 2014, start to throw something and feed spirulina powder 20g, particulate 5g, prawn slice 20g and black track producing particle 5g at every turn; Throw something and feed every day 6 times;
On June 22nd, 2014, it is mysis that zoea cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days, starts the artifical compound feed such as SS type wheel animalcule and spirulina powder, particulate, prawn slice, black track producing particle of throwing something and feeding;
On June 26th, 2014, it is young shrimp that mysis cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days, starts the artifical compound feed such as artemia larvae and spirulina powder, particulate, prawn slice, black track producing particle of throwing something and feeding.
9, the pond that goes out of shrimp seedling is sold:
On July 3rd, 2014, No. 8 young shrimps in pond were cultivated to the 7th day, started sale of emerging.
Sample 500 tails, recording minimum gauge is 0.89cm, is 0.98cm to the maximum, and measuring shrimp seedling average body long is 0.95cm, and shrimp seedling specification is even, physique is healthy and strong, energetic; Through statistics output of seedling be 3,580,000 tails, survival rate 85.2%.
Extract 3000 tail shrimp seedlings respectively and carry out Viral diagnosis and the residual detection of medicine, all qualified.
comparative example.
Selected No. 12, indoor prawn nursery pond carries out breeding experiment, this nursery pond area 22m 2, pond height 1.5m.
1, on April 9th, 2013, with strong chlorine oil 2.0kg, the molten water of potassium permanganate 0.5kg, making concentration is 200ppm strong chlorine oil and potassium permanganate mixed solution, between seedling culturing vehicle and nursery pond thorough disinfection.
2, on April 9th, 2013, draw up the seawater come from sea area and carry out following pretreatment:
1) seawater is evacuated to high-level reservoir successively after rough sand, fine sand, active carbon, screen filtration;
2) dark precipitation: seawater carries out the dark precipitation of more than 24 hours in high-level reservoir;
3) husky filter process: first order sand filter: finger stone, 20 eye mesh screens, rough sand filter, then through second level sand filter: for rough sand, 80 eye mesh screens, fine sand filter;
On April 14th, 2013, add the seawater after above-mentioned process in nursery pond, the depth of water is 1.3m, and regulate proportion to be 1.020, pH value is 8.2, and dissolved oxygen amount is 5.1/ml;
On April 14th, 2013, drop into formalin 500ml;
On April 15th, 2013 throws in disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 5.0ppm, complexing heavy metal and other noxious material of releasing.
3, the health of prawn parent is cultivated and breeding:
On March 15th, 2013, and selected No. 5 and No. 6 parent shrimp rearing ponds (grow 6 meters, wide 5 meters, high 1 meter; Area 30 square metres), parent culture pond adds treated clean water quality, depth of water 50cm;
On March 20th, 2013, specific pathogen free prawn parent 2000 is introduced to (meeting specific pathogen free standard through inspection and quarantine from the U.S., ♀ shrimp specification is 46 grams after measured, ♂ shrimp specification is 42 grams), wherein 333 tail ♀ shrimps and 333 tail ♂ shrimps are thrown in respectively and cultivate in selected No. 7 and No. 8 parent shrimp rearing ponds;
On March 20th, 2013, throw something and feed clam worm 3.3Kg respectively that buy from market for No. 7 and No. 8 parent shrimp rearing ponds, and shellfish meat 3.3Kg(exists potential safety hazard); Every natural gift throw something and feed (7:00,13:00,19:00,1:00) for 4 times;
On March 20th, 2013, the regulation and control of physical and chemical factor are identical with embodiment 2: temperature 26-28 DEG C, pH value 8.2-8.5, proportion 1.018-1.022.
Intensity of illumination is be difficult to control compared with embodiment 2;
In the morning on April 1st, 2013, No. 5 pond every tails of ♀ shrimp are excised 1 optic stalk, be conducive to ripe and sex differentiation;
In morning on April 15th, 2013, select No. 5 ♀ shrimps and No. 6 ♂ to carry out pairing mating, mating pond temperature keeps 26-27 DEG C;
In evening on April 15th, 2013, by the ♀ shrimp of mating, move to spawning pond and lay eggs and hatch, spawning and hatching pond temperature keeps 27-28 DEG C.
4, nauplius is thrown in:
In afternoon on April 16th, 2013, nauplius (there is potential safety hazard) 4,000,000 tail is invested in No. 12 selected prawn nursery ponds and carries out nursery.
5, nursery water quality management:
In afternoon on April 16th, 2013, throw in furans azoles 40g, Cefradine 30g;
On April 17th, 2013, keep pH value to be 8.2, dissolved oxygen amount is 5.6/ml, and temperature controls at 30 DEG C;
On April 18th, 2013, throw in rifampin 25g;
On April 30th, 2013, larval metamorphosis becomes young shrimp the 3rd day, changes water 25cm, throws in disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 80g and Norfloxacin 40g after changing water immediately.
6, the bait feeding management of shrimp seedling:
On April 16th, 2013, throw in nauplius 24 hours, with the yolk of self for nutrition;
On April 17th, 2013, start throw something and feed spirulina powder, particulate, prawn slice and black track producing particle; Throw something and feed every day 6 times;
On April 21st, 2013, it is the artifical compound feeds such as mysis, spirulina powder, particulate, prawn slice, black track producing particle that zoea cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days; Throw something and feed every day 6 times;
On April 26th, 2013, it is young shrimp that mysis cultivated metamorphosis through 5 days, starts the artifical compound feed such as artemia larvae and spirulina powder, particulate, prawn slice, black track producing particle of throwing something and feeding;
7, the pond that goes out of shrimp seedling is sold:
On May 4th, 2013, young shrimp is cultivated to the 8th day (whole nursery stage 15-16 days), starts sale of emerging, 500 tails of sampling, recording minimum gauge is 0.71cm, be 1.05cm to the maximum, seedling average body is long is 0.85cm, and specification is irregular larger, and the shrimp seedling individuality of below 0.80cm is thin and weak, vigor is poor, is 3,020,000 tails through statistics output of seedling, survival rate 75.5%.
Extract 3000 tail shrimp seedlings respectively and carry out Viral diagnosis and the residual detection of medicine, qualification rate 85.5%.
The shrimp seedling that the method for embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and comparative example is cultivated is carried out contrast known, adopt the batch production ecological breeding method of embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, the shrimp seedling neat specification obtained, individual stalwartness, output is high, be not with to hold and determine virus and medicine is residual, and average survival is up to 84.85%.And comparative example specification is irregular comparatively large, individual thin and weak, vigor is poor, and virus and medicine residual detection qualification rate qualification rate 85.5% are of poor quality; And survival rate is low, only have 75.5%.
Thus, batch production ecological breeding method of the present invention, be optimized by each flow process condition of the seedling industrialized nursery of prawn, links and step technique are innovated, and realize the bioelectric detecting of indoor isolation nursery pond water quality environment and temperature, illumination, dissolved oxygen amount, transparency, pH value, harmful substance ,causal organisms etc. can need to control effectively according to nursery, improve seedling raising environment condition comprehensively, strengthen shrimp seedling resistance and resistance against diseases, improve shrimp seedling quality and survival rate.The invention solves the key technology of prawn seed-rearing, a kind of high-efficiency environment friendly nursery pattern is provided, promote the sustainable development of prawn culturing industry efficient health.
Finally should be noted that; above embodiment is only for illustration of technical scheme of the present invention but not limiting the scope of the invention; although be explained in detail the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not depart from essence and the scope of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a batch production ecological breeding method for high-strength resistance and resistance against diseases shrimp seedling, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step one, isolation seedling culturing vehicle between and standard nursery pond foundation and disinfect:
1) each 500m between seedling culturing vehicle is isolated 2, point 2 groups, left and right, totally 16 indoor raising of seedling ponds, each nursery pond 20 m 2, pond height 1.5m;
2) each nursery pond arranges the skylight of 1 wide 2.0m, long 3.5m, the side window of 1 wide 1.5m, high 3.5m; 24 skylights and 24 side windows are set between every seedling culturing vehicle, ensure sufficient intensity of illumination;
3) by water-soluble to strong chlorine oil 2.0kg, potassium permanganate 0.5kg, the mixed solution that concentration is 250ppm is made, between seedling culturing vehicle and nursery pond thorough disinfection;
The integrated treatment of step 2, water for larval nursing:
1) seawater is evacuated to high-level reservoir successively after rough sand, fine sand, active carbon, screen filtration, and described high-level reservoir is cylindrical, top seal, and area is 100m 2, high 3m; Than face, the pond height 10cm of husky filtering ponds at the bottom of the pond of high-level reservoir;
2) dark precipitation: seawater carries out the dark precipitation of more than 24 hours in high-level reservoir;
3) chemistry, physical treatment: the seawater after dark precipitation adds to water treating pond, carries out thorough disinfection with strong chlorine oil 6ppm, carried out neutralization removing toxic substances and aeration more than 48 hours with sodium thiosulfate 3.0ppm after 24 hours, and through high velocity stream water treatment;
4) three grades of husky filter process:
Seawater after step 3) process is first through the filter of first order sand: for finger stone, 20 eye mesh screens, rough sand filter, then through second level sand filter: for rough sand, 80 eye mesh screens, fine sand filter, and is finally the filter of third level sand: active carbon, 150 eye mesh screens, fine sand filter;
5) in nursery pond, add the seawater after step 4) process to 1.3m, regulate proportion to be 1.019 ~ 1.021, pH value is 8.2 ~ 8.5, and dissolved oxygen amount is 5.0 ~ 5.5mg/ml;
6) disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 5.0ppm is thrown in, fluorspar powder 10.0 ppm, ionized calcium 1.5ppm;
The health of step 3, prawn parent is cultivated and breeding:
1) foundation in parent shrimp rearing pond: long 6 meters, wide 5 meters, high 1 meter of parent shrimp rearing pond, 30 m 2, 12 parent shrimp rearing ponds are a workshop;
2) selection of close shrimp: select the Penaeus Vannmei parent meeting specific pathogen free standard through inspection and quarantine, male shrimp specification is 45 grams, and female shrimp specification is 40 grams;
3) health of close shrimp is cultivated:
1. parent shrimp rearing pond adds treated clean water quality, depth of water 50cm;
2. the bioelectric detecting management of water quality: inoculate Skeletonema Costatum 1 × 10 first 2cfu/ml ~ 2 × 10 2cfu/ml, bacillus subtilis 100 × 10 4cfu/ml ~ 125 × 10 4cfu/ml, nitrosoation bacillus 30 × 10 4cfu/ml ~ 45 × 10 4cfu/ml; Threw in 1 time every 3 days;
3. the throwing something and feeding of feed: by clam worm: shellfish meat: the weight ratio of special close shrimp artificial feed is that 3:2:1 throws in; Every day 4 times, every day throws something and feeds by close shrimp gross weight 45%;
4. the regulation and control of illumination and physical and chemical factor: controlled light intensity is 4000 ~ 4500 Lx, temperature 26 ~ 28 DEG C, pH value 8.2 ~ 8.5, proportion 1.018 ~ 1.022;
4) pairing of close shrimp is bred:
1. select individual large, that sexual gland is fully ripe female male parent shrimp to carry out pairing mating in mating pond, in mating pond, female male parent shrimp ratio is 1:3;
2. the temperature in mating pond keeps 26 ~ 27 DEG C, and spawning pond temperature keeps 27 ~ 28 DEG C;
3., when close shrimp mating rate less than 35%, this unsuitable spawning and hatching of close shrimp of this batch, is not used in nursery;
5) hatching of fertilized egg:
1) select that ovum grain is full, fertilized egg that not damaged or no-sundries adhere to;
2) fertilized egg is hatched after 1.5ppm iodine liquid disinfectant 10min;
3) hatching density is 80 ~ 1,000,000/m3;
The input of step 4, healthy nauplius:
1) nauplius hatched, after testing without band specific pathogen, guarantees that the nauplius used is healthy and safe;
2) nauplius selecting individual large, energetic, not damaged or no-sundries to adhere to;
3) nauplius is with after 2.0ppm brilliant iodine solution sterilization 10min, drops into nursery pond;
4) breeding density is 15.0 ~ 20.0 ten thousand/m 3;
The outfit of step 5, nursery bait:
1) cultivation of Skeletonema Costatum: from seawater extract and in algae kind room conservation, be inoculated into closed algae culturing system according to need of production and carry out yielding ability cultivation, throw something and feed for zoea;
2) artitificial food: directly buy artifical compound feed from feed shop, throw something and feed for whole process;
3) cultivation of SS type wheel animalcule: inoculate SS type wheel animalcule in closed wheel animalcule culture systems, the inoculation quantity of SS type wheel animalcule is 10 ~ 20/ml; Throw something and feed every day 4 times, the spirulina powder 5ppm that at every turn throws something and feeds, marine yeast 3ppm, EM bacterium 10ppm, throw something and feed for mysis larva;
4) hatching of artemia larvae: buy canned slag oxygenation by feed shop, soak 20 minutes with 50ppm chlorine dioxide during hatching, clean up and put into hatching pail and hatch, 3ppm disinfection by chlorine dioxide is used in hatching, within general 24 hours, can nauplius be hatched, throw something and feed for the post larval young;
The bioelectric detecting management of step 6, nursery water quality:
1) screening of beneficial bacterium, useful algae and directive breeding:
Screen useful algae Skeletonema Costatum, extract from seawater and in algae kind room, carry out one-level conservation and secondary expansion cultivation, being inoculated into closed algae culturing system according to need of production and carrying out yielding ability cultivation; Introduced a fine variety by Skeletonema Costatum in nursery pond, inoculum density is 3 × 10 3individual/l, directive breeding becomes dominant population; Screen bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosoation bacillus, in bacterial classification room by fermentation access nursery pond, the inoculum density of bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosoation bacillus is respectively 3 × 10 simultaneously 4cfu/l, 6 × 10 4cfu/l and 125 × 10 4cfu/l;
2) structure of beneficial bacterium and useful algae dominant population system and the control to cultivate water environment and disease thereof:
In early stage of prawn seed-rearing, mid-term and later stage, build beneficial bacterium and useful algae dominant population system, make the concentration of Skeletonema Costatum remain on 4 × 10 6individual/l ~ 16 × 10 6individual/l, the concentration of bacillus subtilis is 8 × 10 8~ 10 × 10 8cfu/l, the concentration of lactic acid bacteria is 3 × 10 6~ 5 × 10 6cfu/l, the concentration of nitrosoation bacillus is 6 × 10 6~ 8 × 10 8cfu/l;
3) after raining, cold air arrives or strong wind weather need throw in platinum combination B B-complex 1.0ppm, prevent stress with improvement water quality;
4) do not change seawater before mysis larva, only add a small amount of fresh water and regulate salinity; Carry out changing water according to variation of water after the post larval young, each quantity of exchanged water is 20 ~ 30cm, throws in platinum combination B B-complex 0.6ppm and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 1.5ppm after changing water immediately;
The control and management of step 7, temperature, light and other physical and chemical factors:
1) control of temperature:
Under nauplius, during pond, temperature controls at 29 DEG C, and later every day raises 0.5 DEG C, until 32 DEG C also keep stable;
2) illumination controls:
By skylight and side window sunshade net controlled light intensity, controlling intensity of illumination during pond under nauplius is 500 ~ 800Lx, and later every day improves 100Lx, and final controlled light intensity is 2000 ~ 2500Lx;
3) control of other physical and chemical factors:
When proportion is adjusted to pond under nauplius 1.019 ~ 1.021, during zoea 1.018 ~ 1.020, during mysis 1.016 ~ 1.018, during young shrimp young first day 1.014 ~ 1.016; Regulate the proportion of nursery pond according to the proportion putting seedling pond water afterwards, but will note regulating every day proportion can not more than 1.002;
PH value remains on 8.2 ~ 8.5, is watered sprinkles regulation and control time on the low side in conjunction with microorganism regulation and control quicklime;
Dissolved oxygen amount controls at 5.5 ~ 6.5mg/ml; Use fan blower continuous charge, increase gradually to post larval from nauplius stage;
Ammonia-nitrogen content controls at 0.50 ~ 1.50mg/l;
Content of nitrite controls at 0.015 ~ 0.065mg/l;
Step 8, bait feeding manage:
In input nauplius 24 hours, with the yolk of self for nutrition, abnormal is Skeletonema Costatum and the artifical compound feed of throwing something and feeding after zoea, throws something and feeds every day 6 times;
It is mysis that zoea cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days, starts throw something and feed SS type wheel animalcule and artifical compound feed;
It is young shrimp that mysis cultivated metamorphosis through 3-4 days, starts throw something and feed artemia larvae and artifical compound feed;
Young shrimp can grow to 0.8 ~ 1.0cm in 6 ~ 7 days, sale of can emerging;
The pond that goes out of step 9, shrimp seedling is sold:
1) shrimp seedling was cultivated through 15 ~ 16 days, generally can reach 0.8 ~ 1.0cm, now can emerge;
2) progressively regulate the proportion of nursery pond water body before emerging according to the proportion of putting pond water body in a suitable place to breed, regulate every day salinity difference to be no more than 1.002, when emerging, the proportion of nursery pond water body is no more than 1.004 with the difference in specific gravity of putting pond water body in a suitable place to breed;
3) emerge first 2 hours sufficient fairy shrimps of throwing something and feeding;
4) emerge with water throwing platinum combination B B-complex 1ppm, preventing stress.
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