CN108684590B - Low-specific-gravity seawater recuperation method after nucleus planting of pinctada martensii - Google Patents
Low-specific-gravity seawater recuperation method after nucleus planting of pinctada martensii Download PDFInfo
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- YRIZYWQGELRKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trichloro-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O YRIZYWQGELRKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
- A01K61/56—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels for pearl production
- A01K61/57—Pearl seeds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low specific gravity seawater recuperation method after nucleus-planting of pinctada martensii, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. The method comprises the basic steps of preparation of a postoperative resting pool of the pinctada martensii, preparation of resting water, selection of pinctada martensii, nucleus planting and resting management of the pinctada martensii, wherein in the process of nucleus planting and pearl culturing of the pinctada martensii, healthy pinctada martensii is selected to plant nuclei and grow beads, the pinctada martensii is moved to an indoor or outdoor pool for low-specific-gravity seawater resting after an operation, and the pinctada martensii is moved to a sea area for pearl culturing according to a conventional method after resting is finished; the method is adopted for the postoperative recuperation of the pinctada martensii after the operation, the nucleus retaining rate of the operated pinctada martensii is high, the high-quality pearl rate is high, the pearl quality and the economic benefit of the pinctada martensii can be improved, the method is suitable for the postoperative recuperation of the pinctada martensii during the pearl cultivation, the popularization and the application in production enterprises are easy, and the economic benefit and the social benefit are obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low specific gravity seawater recuperation method after nucleus planting of pinctada martensii dunker, belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and is suitable for nucleus planting and pearl culturing production of pinctada martensii dunker.
Background
Pinctada martensii (A) and (B)Pinctada martensii) Also known as pinctada martensii (Pinctada fucata) ((B))Pinctada fucata) The pearl culture medium is the main pearl species for culturing seawater pearls in China, the produced pearls account for more than 95% of the yield of the seawater pearls, the pearls cultured by the pinctada martensii are called 'south pearl', 'south pearl' culture areas are positioned in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan, and the Guangdong is a main production area. At present, the main problems of the production of the Nanzhu in China are the degeneration of pearl culture varieties, the deterioration of culture environment and the old culture technology, which cause high mortality rate, low nucleus retaining rate and poor pearl quality of pearl culture, and seriously affect the sustainable development of the Nanzhu industry. The south pearl culture is an important special industry in the coastal area of the peninsula in Renzhou, the culture area is over 5.38 mu per mu at the production peak, the annual output of the pearl is about 20 tons, which accounts for more than 70 percent of the national output, about 4.5 thousands of people engage in the pearl industry, the development of the industries such as pearl shell seedling culture, mother shell culture, nucleus planting and pearl culture, pearl processing and selling and the like is driven, and the method makes positive contribution to the poverty removal and richness leading and export earning of farmers in the coastal area of the peninsula in Renzhou. At present, the annual output of the south pearl is only 2 to 3 tons, the quality and the output of pearl culture are greatly reduced, farmers have no profit and are trapped in the pearl industry.
The operating shell of the pinctada martensii is seriously damaged when being planted with the nucleus, and if the operating shell is not properly treated after the operation, the operating shell can be greatly killed, and the quality and the yield of pearls of the live shell can be influenced. Therefore, the postoperative recuperation of the pearl shell after nucleus implantation is an important technical measure for improving the survival rate and the nucleus retention rate of the pearl shell, the recuperation aims to slowly recover the health of the operated shell, reduce the death, ensure that the position of the pearl nucleus does not move or rarely moves before a small piece is transplanted to form a pearl sac, and prevent the generation of nucleus removal and plain and abnormal pearls. The factors of flow velocity, wave, water temperature change, the type and quantity of bait organisms and the like of a rest ground influence the nucleus retaining and pearl forming rate and the pearl quality of pearl culture, the economic benefit of pearl culture is mainly determined by the survival rate, the nucleus retaining and pearl forming rate and the high-quality pearl rate of the pearl culture, and the proportion of the high-quality pearl rate is the largest.
At present, in the nucleus-planting and pearl-culturing production process of pinctada martensii, the operating pinctada martensii is directly moved to a sea area for rest, and because environmental factors such as water temperature, water flow, types and quantity of bait organisms and the like in the sea area are unstable, the survival rate of the pinctada martensii is low, the nucleus-removing rate is high, the time for forming a pearl sac by transplanting a cell chip is long, the secretion speed of nacre is low, the high-quality pearl rate is low, 1-2 jin of pearls are harvested for 1 ten thousand shells per nucleus-planted by most farmers, the high-quality pearl rate is only about 15%, the farmers have no interest or even lose the management, and the improvement of the high-quality pearl rate of pearl culture through technical.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low specific gravity seawater recuperation method after a pinctada martensii core-planting shellfish operation, which can improve the survival rate and the high-quality pearl rate of the pinctada martensii core-planting shellfish and increase the economic benefit and the social benefit obviously.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a low specific gravity seawater recuperation method after nucleus planting of pinctada martensii comprises the following basic steps:
(1) preparing a rest pool: selecting the materials with water inlet and drainage facilities, height of 1.2-1.5m and bottom area of 20-40m2The indoor pool or floor area is 30-50m2The outdoor water pool is square or round, canvas or color strip cloth is required to be installed on a shed frame to shield light and rain, the volume of the water pool is large, the water storage is large, the environment is relatively stable, the water intake and drainage time is long, the cleaning and disinfection time is long, a proper water pool is selected according to the water intake and drainage speed, and the water intake and drainage speed is 3-4m per pool2One air stone is arranged, the water body is in a boiling state when the air is inflated, and the culture of the pond, the air pipe, the air stone and the like is carried outThe facilities are washed clean by fresh water before use, dried for 2-3 days and then disinfected. The common disinfectant is chlorine-containing disinfectant with the effective chlorine content of 25-30mg/L or potassium permanganate solution with the effective chlorine content of 30-50 mg/L;
(2) preparation of low specific gravity seawater: injecting natural seawater filtered by sand well and sand filter into clean water tank, adding well water or tap water to prepare low specific gravity seawater with specific gravity of 1.016-1.018, and adjusting pH value to 7.8-8.3 with sodium bicarbonate or hydrochloric acid when pH value is too high or too low;
(3) preparing rest water: injecting the low specific gravity seawater prepared in the step (2) into a sterilized and flushed clean rest-cultivation water pool, keeping the water depth at 1.2-1.3m, and making the water body in a boiling state when being aerated;
(4) selecting and planting nucleus for pearl culturing shell: selecting 1.5-2-year healthy Marek's pearl shell as operation mother shell and 1.0-1.5-year old shell as small-piece shell, and performing nucleus planting according to conventional method. According to the size of the shellfish, after the operation, the right shell is closely arranged in the rest cages upwards according to the density of 35-38 per cage, the left shell is moved to the rest pond injected with the low-specific gravity seawater in the step (3) for hanging culture, the hanging culture depth is 20-30cm from the bottom of the pond, and the hanging culture density is 3 cages (105 plus 114 per m) per cubic water body (3）；
(5) Recuperation management of the pearl culturing shell: checking the operation shellfish once every 2-3 days, immediately taking out the dead shellfish, not feeding bait and changing water in the first 6 days, and alternately using 0.5-1.0 mg/L antibiotic and 0.5mg/L moroxydine, wherein the common antibiotic is a mixture of gentamicin sulfate, cefaclor, penicillin and streptomycin; feeding a small amount of unicellular algae such as 10000-; gradually increasing the bait feeding amount along with the restoration of shellfish bodies after 10 days, such as the Platymonas subcordiformis 20000-; the resting time of the pearl culturing shellfish is 22 to 25 days, the low specific gravity seawater for culturing is changed into the natural seawater 3 days before the pearl culturing shellfish is transferred to the sea area for culturing, and the pearl culturing shellfish is transferred to the sea area for culturing according to the conventional method after resting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
first, the parent shell receives serious wound after the nuclear planting operation, puts in antibiotic and moroxydine in the pond, can prevent to plant the mouth feel of nuclear injury and dye, improves the survival rate, promotes the quick formation of pearl sac, and alternate use antibiotic inhibits that the bacterium produces the drug resistance.
Secondly, after the operation of the mother shell, the weak ingestion ability of the shell is reduced, no bait is thrown in the first 6 days, no water is changed, stable and clean environmental conditions are provided for the recovery of the pearl culturing shell, the bait throwing amount is gradually increased along with the prolonging of the rest time, the slow recovery of the shell is facilitated, the rapid recovery of the activity in a short time is not facilitated, and the nucleus retaining rate of the pearl culturing shell is facilitated to be improved. Before the rest period is finished, replacing low specific gravity seawater for cultivation to enable the pearl-cultivating shell to adapt to the environment condition of the sea area in advance, and then moving the pearl-cultivating shell to the sea area for pearl cultivation to enable the pearl-cultivating shell to adapt to the environment of the sea area in a short time.
Thirdly, the low specific gravity seawater is recuperated, the rate of white series pearls and high-quality pearls in the pearls formed by the pearl culturing shells is improved by more than 10 percent compared with the traditional repairing method, the surfaces of the pearls are smooth, the spots are few, and the rate of high-quality pearls is high.
Fourthly, the invention can use the unused indoor water pool or outdoor water pool of shellfish or prawn breeding to perform the operation of nucleus planting and mother shellfish postoperation, needs less equipment, uses common drugs, can use single cultured flat algae and chlorella, can also directly use natural seawater filtered by a 300-mesh screen and even natural mixed algae cultured in the shrimp pond water of a prawn culture pond, has convenient operation, is suitable for the artificial pearl breeding production of the pinctada martensii, and has obvious economic and social benefits.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated in detail by the following examples, which are provided only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Method for carrying out low-specific-gravity seawater recuperation after pinctada martensii operation by using indoor water pool
(1) Rest on the tablePreparing a water raising pool: selecting a base area of 20m2A square indoor pool with height of 1.5m, 4m each2One air stone is arranged, and 5 air stones are arranged. Washing with fresh water, air drying for 2 days, sterilizing the whole pool with strong chlorine (trichloroisocyanuric acid) with effective chlorine content of 25mg/L, and washing with filtered seawater.
(2) Preparation of low specific gravity seawater: the natural seawater filtered by sand well and sand filter is added into the clean water tank, and the well water is added to prepare the low specific gravity seawater with the specific gravity of 1.016 and the pH value of 7.8.
(3) Preparing rest water: injecting the low specific gravity seawater prepared in the step (2) into a sterilized and flushed clean rest-cultivation water pool, keeping the water depth at 1.3m, and making the water body in a boiling state when being aerated;
(4) and (3) nuclear implantation operation: selecting 2-year healthy Marek's pearl shells as operation mother shells and 1.5-year shells as small-piece shells, planting the nucleus by a conventional method, wherein the right shells of the operation shells are densely arranged in a rest cage upwards according to the density of 35 per cage, transferring the operation shells to the rest pond injected with low-specific gravity seawater in the step (3), and carrying out hanging culture at the bottom of the pond to a depth of 20cm, wherein the hanging culture density is 3 cages (105 shells/m) per cubic water body3）。
(5) Managing the pearl culturing shells: the operation shellfish is checked once every 2 days, and the dead shellfish is immediately taken out, the bait is not fed in the first 6 days, the water is not changed, 0.5mg/L gentamicin sulfate and cefaclor (one antibiotic is continuously used for 3 days and then the other antibiotic is changed), and 0.5mg/L moroxydine are alternately used. 10000/mL.d of Platymonas subcordiformis is fed after the 6 th day, water is changed after the 6 th day, the water is changed 1/5 every day, and 20000 cells/mL.d of Platymonas subcordiformis is fed after the 10 th day. The resting time of the pearl culturing shellfish is 22 days, the low specific gravity seawater for culturing the pearl culturing shellfish is changed into the natural seawater 3 days before the pearl culturing shellfish is moved to the sea area for culturing, other management measures are not changed, and then the pearl culturing shellfish is moved to the sea area for culturing the pearl culturing shellfish according to the conventional method.
Example 2
Method for carrying out low-specific-gravity seawater recuperation after pinctada martensii operation by using indoor water pool
(1) Preparing a rest pool: selecting a base area of 30m21.35m higherRound indoor pool, every 3m2One air stone is arranged, and 10 air stones are arranged in total. Washing with fresh water, air drying for 3 days, sterilizing the pond, trachea and air stone with strong chlorine (trichloroisocyanuric acid) with available chlorine content of 27.5mg/L, and washing with filtered seawater.
(2) Preparation of low specific gravity seawater: the natural seawater filtered by the sand well and the sand filter is added into the clean water tank, and the well water is added to prepare the low specific gravity seawater with the specific gravity of 1.017 and the pH value of 8.05.
(3) Preparing rest water: injecting the low specific gravity seawater prepared in the step (2) into a sterilized and flushed clean rest-cultivation water pool, keeping the water depth at 1.25m, and making the water body in a boiling state when being aerated;
(4) and (3) nuclear implantation operation: selecting 1.75-year healthy pinctada martensii as an operation mother shell and 1.25-year healthy pinctada martensii as a small shell, planting the nucleus by a conventional method, wherein the operation shells are densely arranged in a rest cage with the right shell upwards according to the density of 37 per cage, moving the operation shells to the rest cage with low-specific gravity seawater injected in the step (3), and carrying out hanging culture in a rest pond with the hanging culture depth being 25cm from the bottom of the pond and the hanging culture density being 3 cages (110/m) per cubic water body (110/m)3）。
(5) Managing the pearl culturing shells: the operation shellfish is checked once every 2.5 days, the dead shellfish is immediately taken out, the bait and the water are not fed in the first 6 days, 0.75mg/L gentamicin sulfate and cefaclor (one antibiotic is continuously used for 3 days and then is changed for another antibiotic) and 0.5mg/L moroxydine are alternately used, natural mixed algae cultivated in natural seawater filtered by a 300-mesh screen is fed in small quantity after the 6 th day at 15000 cells/mL.d, the water is changed after the 6 th day, the water is changed daily at 1/5, the natural mixed algae cultivated in natural seawater filtered by a 300-mesh screen is fed after the 10 th day at 30000 cells/mL.d, the resting time of the pearl-breeding shellfish is 23 days, the pearl-breeding shellfish is moved to the sea area for cultivation, the seawater for cultivation is changed into natural seawater in a lower ratio than 3 days before the cultivation of the pearl-breeding shellfish, other management measures are not changed, and then the pearl-breeding shellfish is moved to the sea area for cultivation according to the conventional method.
Example 3
Method for carrying out low-specific-gravity seawater recuperation after pinctada martensii operation by using indoor water pool
(1) Rest on the tablePreparing a water raising pool: selecting a base area of 40m2A square indoor pool 1.3m high, 4m each2One air stone is arranged, and 10 air stones are arranged in total. Washing with fresh water, air drying for 3 days, sterilizing the whole pool with strong chlorine (trichloroisocyanuric acid) with effective chlorine content of 25mg/L, and washing with filtered seawater.
(2) Preparation of low specific gravity seawater: the natural seawater filtered by the sand well and sand filter is added into the clean water tank, and the well water is added to prepare the low specific gravity seawater with the specific gravity of 1.018 and the pH value of 8.3.
(3) Preparing rest water: injecting the low specific gravity seawater prepared in the step (2) into a sterilized and flushed clean rest-cultivation water pool, keeping the water depth at 1.2m, and making the water body in a boiling state when being aerated;
(4) and (3) nuclear implantation operation: selecting 2-year healthy Marek's pearl shells as operation mother shells and 1.5-year shells as small-piece shells, planting the nucleus by a conventional method, wherein the right shells of the operation shells are densely arranged in a rest cage upwards according to the density of 35 per cage, transferring the operation shells to the rest pond injected with low-specific gravity seawater in the step (3), and carrying out hanging culture at the bottom of the pond to a depth of 20cm, wherein the hanging culture density is 3 cages (105 shells/m) per cubic water body3）。
(5) Managing the pearl culturing shells: the operation shellfish is checked once every 2 days, the dead shellfish is immediately taken out, bait and water are not fed in the first 6 days, 1.0mg/L gentamicin sulfate and cefaclor (one antibiotic is continuously used for 3 days and then is changed for another antibiotic) and 0.5mg/L moroxydine are alternately used, 50000 cells/mL.d of chlorella are fed after the 6 th day, water is changed after the 6 th day, the daily water change amount is 1/5, the chlorella feeding amount is 50000 cells/mL.d after the 10 th day, the resting time of the pearl-breeding shellfish is 25 days, the low specific gravity seawater for cultivation is changed into natural seawater 3 days before the pearl-breeding shellfish is moved to a sea area for cultivation, other management measures are not changed, and then the pearl-breeding shellfish is moved to the sea area for cultivation according to a conventional method.
Example 4
Method for carrying out low-specific-gravity seawater recuperation after pinctada martensii operation by using outdoor water pool
(1) Preparing a rest pool: selecting a base area of 30m21.5m higherSquare outdoor pool, where canvas is installed on the pool to shield light and rain, every 3m2Setting one air stone, totally installing 10 air stones, washing with fresh water, airing for 2 days, carrying out whole-pool disinfection treatment on equipment facilities such as pools, air pipes, air stones and the like by using strong chlorogen (trichloroisocyanuric acid) with the effective chlorine content of 25mg/L, and repeatedly washing by using filtered seawater.
(2) Preparation of low specific gravity seawater: the natural seawater filtered by sand well and sand filter is added into the clean water tank, and the well water is added to prepare the low specific gravity seawater with the specific gravity of 1.016 and the pH value of 7.8.
(3) Preparing rest water: injecting the low specific gravity seawater prepared in the step (2) into a sterilized and flushed clean rest-cultivation water pool, keeping the water depth at 1.3m, and making the water body in a boiling state when being aerated;
(4) and (3) nuclear implantation operation: selecting 2-year healthy Marek's pearl shells as operation mother shells and 1.5-year shells as small-piece shells, planting the nucleus by a conventional method, wherein the right shells of the operation shells are densely arranged in a rest cage upwards according to the density of 35 per cage, transferring the operation shells to the rest pond injected with low-specific gravity seawater in the step (3), and carrying out hanging culture at the bottom of the pond to a depth of 20cm, wherein the hanging culture density is 3 cages (105 shells/m) per cubic water body3）。
(5) Managing the pearl culturing shells: the operation shellfish is checked once every 2 days, and the dead shellfish is immediately taken out, the bait is not fed in the first 6 days, the water is not changed, 0.5mg/L gentamicin sulfate and cefaclor (one antibiotic is continuously used for 3 days and then the other antibiotic is changed), and 0.5mg/L moroxydine are alternately used. 10000/mL.d of Platymonas subcordiformis is fed after the 6 th day, water is changed after the 6 th day, the daily water change amount is 1/5, 20000 cells/mL.d of Platymonas subcordiformis are fed after the 10 th day, the resting time of the cultured pearls is 22 days, the cultured pearls are moved to the sea area for culturing 3 days before the culture, low specific gravity seawater for culturing is changed into natural seawater, other management measures are not changed, and then the pearls are moved to the sea area for culturing pearls according to a conventional method.
Example 5
Method for carrying out low-specific-gravity seawater recuperation after pinctada martensii operation by using outdoor water pool
(1) Preparing a rest pool: selecting a base area of 40m21.35m higherRound outdoor pool, wherein canvas is installed on shed frame above the pool to shield light and rain, and the shed frame is 4m in length2Setting one air stone, totally installing 10 air stones, washing with fresh water, airing for 3 days, carrying out whole-pool disinfection treatment on equipment facilities such as pools, air pipes, air stones and the like by using strong chlorogen (trichloroisocyanuric acid) with the effective chlorine content of 27.5mg/L, and repeatedly washing by using filtered seawater.
(2) Preparation of low specific gravity seawater: the natural seawater filtered by the sand well and the sand filter is added into the clean water tank, and the well water is added to prepare the low specific gravity seawater with the specific gravity of 1.017 and the pH value of 8.05.
(3) Preparing rest water: injecting the low specific gravity seawater prepared in the step (2) into a sterilized and flushed clean rest-cultivation water pool, keeping the water depth at 1.3m, and making the water body in a boiling state when being aerated;
(4) and (3) nuclear implantation operation: selecting 1.75-year healthy pinctada martensii as an operation mother shell and 1.25-year healthy pinctada martensii as a small shell, planting the nucleus by a conventional method, wherein the operation shells are densely arranged in a rest cage with the right shell upwards according to the density of 37 per cage, moving the operation shells to the rest cage with low-specific gravity seawater injected in the step (3), and carrying out hanging culture in a rest pond with the hanging culture depth being 25cm from the bottom of the pond and the hanging culture density being 3 cages (110/m) per cubic water body (110/m)3）。
(5) Managing the pearl culturing shells: the operation shellfish is checked once every 2.5 days, the dead shellfish is immediately taken out, the bait and the water are not fed in the first 6 days, 0.75mg/L gentamicin sulfate and cefaclor (one antibiotic is continuously used for 3 days and then is changed for another antibiotic) and 0.5mg/L moroxydine are alternately used, natural mixed algae cultivated in natural seawater filtered by a 300-mesh screen is fed in small quantity after the 6 th day at 15000 cells/mL.d, the water is changed after the 6 th day, the water is changed daily at 1/5, the natural mixed algae cultivated in natural seawater filtered by a 300-mesh screen is fed after the 10 th day at 30000 cells/mL.d, the resting time of the pearl-breeding shellfish is 23 days, the pearl-breeding shellfish is moved to the sea area for cultivation, the seawater for cultivation is changed into natural seawater in a lower ratio than 3 days before the cultivation of the pearl-breeding shellfish, other management measures are not changed, and then the pearl-breeding shellfish is moved to the sea area for cultivation according to the conventional method.
Example 6
Method for carrying out low-specific-gravity seawater recuperation after pinctada martensii operation by using outdoor water pool
(1) Preparing a rest pool: selecting a base area of about 50m2(radius 4m, base area 50.24 m)2) Outdoor round water tanks with the height of 1 and 3m are erected above the water tanks, and shed frames are erected above the water tanks to mount canvas for shading light and avoiding rain. A water inlet pipe is arranged at the side of the pool, a water outlet pipe is arranged at the center of the pool, and the water outlet pipe is arranged at every 4m2Setting one air stone, installing 12 air stones, washing the facilities and equipment such as the pool, the air pipe, the air stone and the like with fresh water, drying for 3 days, disinfecting with 50mg/L potassium permanganate solution, and repeatedly washing with filtered seawater.
(2) Preparation of low specific gravity seawater: the natural seawater filtered by the sand well and sand filter is added into the clean water tank, and tap water is added to prepare the low specific gravity seawater with the specific gravity of 1.018 and the pH value of 8.3.
(3) Preparing rest water: injecting the low specific gravity seawater prepared in the step (2) into a sterilized and flushed clean rest-cultivation water pool, keeping the water depth at 1.3m, and making the water body in a boiling state when being aerated;
(4) and (3) nuclear implantation operation: selecting 1.5-year healthy Marek's pearl oyster as an operation mother oyster and 1.0-year healthy Marek's pearl oyster, planting the pearl oyster by a conventional method, according to the size of the oyster and the density of 38 shellfish per cage after the operation, arranging the right shell upwards in a resting cage, moving the pearl oyster to the resting pond injected with low-specific gravity seawater in the step (3) for hanging cultivation, wherein the hanging cultivation depth is 30cm from the bottom of the pond, and the hanging cultivation density is 3 cages (114 shellfish/m) per cubic water body3）。
(5) And (3) management of the pearl shells: the operation shellfish is checked once every 3 days, the dead shellfish is immediately taken out, the bait and the water are not changed in the first 6 days, 1.0mg/L penicillin streptomycin mixture and gentamicin sulfate (one antibiotic is continuously used for 3 days and then is changed for another antibiotic) and 0.5mg/L moroxydine are alternately used, 50000 cells/mL.d of chlorella are fed after the 6 th day, the water is changed after the 6 th day, the daily water change amount is 1/3, the bait feeding amount is 80000 cells/mL.d after the 10 th day, the resting time of the pearl culturing shellfish is 25 days, the low specific gravity seawater for culturing is changed into natural seawater 3 days before the pearl culturing shellfish is moved to a sea area for culturing the pearl culturing shellfish according to a conventional method after the resting time is finished.
The pearl culturing effect comparison of different resting modes of the pinctada martensii is shown in the table I
Pearl culturing effect of different recuperation modes of Pinctada martensii
Through the comparison test, the method for culturing the pearls by adopting the low-specific-gravity seawater recuperation method after the pinctada martensii are planted with the nucleus shells can be obtained, and the high-quality pearl rate is greatly improved.
Claims (5)
1. A low specific gravity seawater recuperation method after nucleus planting of pinctada martensii is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a rest pool: selecting a square or round indoor water pool with water inlet and drainage facilities or an outdoor water pool with shading and rain sheltering facilities, installing air stones to ensure that a water body is in a boiling state when being inflated, and performing disinfection treatment before use;
(2) preparation of low specific gravity seawater: using natural seawater, adding well water or tap water to prepare low specific gravity seawater with a specific gravity of 1.016-1.018, and adjusting pH value with hydrochloric acid or sodium bicarbonate when the pH value is too high or too low;
(3) preparing rest water: injecting the low specific gravity seawater prepared in the step (2) into a sterilized and flushed clean rest-cultivation water pool, keeping the water depth at 1.2-1.3m, and making the water body in a boiling state when being aerated;
(4) selecting and planting nucleus for pearl culturing shell: selecting healthy pinctada martensii, and carrying out nucleus planting according to a conventional method: according to the size of the shellfish, after the operation, the right shell is densely arranged in a rest cage upwards according to the density of 35-38 per cage, and is moved to a rest pond filled with low-specific gravity seawater in the step (3) for rest;
(5) recuperation management of the pearl culturing shell: checking the operating shellfish once every 2-3 days, immediately taking out the dead shellfish, keeping a continuous inflation state without feeding baits and changing water in the first 6 days, alternately using antibiotics and virolin, feeding a small amount of Platymonas subcordiformis, Chlorella and natural mixed algae cultured in natural seawater filtered by a 300-mesh screen after the 6 th day, and starting changing water after the 6 th day, wherein the daily water change amount is 1/5-1/3 of the original water amount; with the recovery of the shellfish body, the feeding amount of Platymonas subcordiformis, chlorella and natural mixed algae is gradually increased after 10 days, the resting time of the pearl oyster is 22-25 days, the low specific gravity seawater for cultivation is changed into natural seawater 3 days before the pearl oyster is moved to the sea area for cultivation, and the pearl oyster is moved to the sea area for cultivation according to a conventional method after resting.
2. The method for low specific gravity seawater recuperation after nucleus planting of pinctada martensii according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the rest pond in the step (1) is provided with water inlet and drainage facilities, the height is 1.2-1.5m, and the bottom area is 20-40m2The indoor pool has a floor area of 30-50m2The outdoor pool is square or round, a shed frame is needed to be erected for installing canvas or color strip cloth to shield light and rain, and the pool is 3-4m in length2Setting one air diffusing stone, making the water body be in boiling state when it is aerated, using fresh water to wash air pipe and air stone for providing oxygen for pearl-cultivating shellfish and water pool for cultivating pearl-cultivating shellfish, drying for 2-3 days, using chlorine-containing disinfectant whose effective chlorine content is 25-30mg/L or 30-50mg/L potassium permanganate solution to make disinfection treatment, then using filtered seawater to wash clean.
3. The method for low specific gravity seawater recuperation after nucleus planting of pinctada martensii according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (2) preparing the low specific gravity seawater in the sea area by pumping natural seawater in the sea area from a sand filter well by using a water pump, filtering the natural seawater by using a sand filter, adding well water or tap water to prepare the low specific gravity seawater with the specific gravity of 1.016-1.018, and adjusting the pH value to 7.8-8.3 by using hydrochloric acid or sodium bicarbonate when the pH value is too high or too low.
4. The method for low specific gravity seawater recuperation after nucleus planting of pinctada martensii according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the shellfish age of the healthy pinctada martensii operation mother shellfish in the step (4) is 1.5-2.0 years old, the shellfish age of the small shellfish is 1.0-1.5 years old, the nucleus is planted according to the conventional method, the right shell is densely arranged in the rest cages upwards according to the size of the shellfish and the density of 35-38 shellfish per cage after the operation, and the number of the discharged shellfish is that the shellfish is fully discharged at the bottom of the rest cagesPreferably, the hanging culture depth is 20-30cm from the bottom of the pool, the hanging culture density is 3 cages per cubic water body, and the hanging culture density is 114 cages/m3。
5. The method for low specific gravity seawater recuperation after nucleus planting of pinctada martensii according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the antibiotics added in the step (5) are two or more of gentamicin sulfate, cefaclor, penicillin and streptomycin mixture which are alternately used, and the concentration is 0.5mg/L-1.0 mg/L; the concentration of the moroxydine is 0.5 mg/L; 10000-20000 cells/mL.d of Platymonas subcordiformis, or 30000-50000 cells/mL.d of Chlorella, or 10000-20000 cells/mL.d of natural mixed algae cultured in natural seawater filtered by a 300-mesh screen are fed after the 6 th day; after 10 days, with the recovery of shellfish bodies, the bait feeding amount is gradually increased, and the Platymonas subcordiformis 20000-40000 cells/mL.d, or the Chlorella 50000-.
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