CN104872032B - A kind of high-strength resistance and the batch production ecological breeding method of resistance against diseases shrimp Seedling - Google Patents
A kind of high-strength resistance and the batch production ecological breeding method of resistance against diseases shrimp Seedling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to marine products seedling breeding technical field, particularly relating to a kind of high-strength resistance and the batch production ecological breeding method of resistance against diseases shrimp Seedling, it includes isolating the setting up and disinfect of nursery workshop and standard nursery pond, the integrated treatment of water for larval nursing, the healthy of prawn parent are cultivated and the step such as control of the physical and chemical factor such as breeding, the healthy input of nauplius, the outfit of nursery bait, the bioelectric detecting management of nursery water quality, bait feeding management, temperature light.By effectively controlling the bioelectric detecting of indoor raising of seedling pond water quality environment and water temperature, illumination, transparency, dissolved oxygen amount, salinity, pH value, harmful substance and disease biological etc., optimizing seedling raising environment condition, minimizing medication, minimizing feed intake and reduce draining；Strengthen shrimp Seedling resistance and resistance against diseases, improve shrimp Seedling quality and survival rate.The present invention solves the key technology of prawn seed-rearing, it is provided that a kind of high-efficiency environment friendly nursery pattern.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to marine products seedling breeding technical field, particularly relate to a kind of high-strength resistance and resistance against diseases shrimp Seedling
Batch production ecological breeding method.
Background technology
Prawn enjoys domestic and international market to welcome as a kind of high-quality marine product, and high-quality is increasing to the demand of shrimp products,
And prawn culturing has become the strong industry of China's fishery, it it is the important channel got rich of China's fishing peasant employment.But in recent years, by
Delayed in the constantly degeneration of prawn culturing variety and quality, scarce general excellent substitute species and fine-variety breeding raising technology, cause
It is difficult to breed the prawn seedling of high-quality, and going from bad to worse along with breeding environment water quality, extreme climate occurs often, causes each
Planting disease to take place frequently, prawn culturing success rate is low, culture benefit is extremely low.Since particularly 2013, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, good fortune
Build, Jiangsu, ground white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), taura syudrome (TSV) and infectious subcutaneous and the hematopoietic tissue necrosis such as Shanghai
The epidemic situations such as virus (IHHNV) are the most popular, cause prawn culturing success rate to be reduced to less than 35%, and 2013 years due to Deaths
Syndrome (EMS) is stolen dead sick and empty gastropathy and is broken out, and row pool rate is up to 75%, and within 2015, first batch of shrimp " does not just have started sale especially
Dead ", the row pool, various places rate is up to more than 85%, and this has direct relation with the Quality Down of shrimp Seedling.Expert's thing now
" if high-quality shrimp Seedling can't resolve, how far this shrimp can also walk in scream？”.Visible, prawn culturing industry faces a crisis, and develops into
Bottleneck phase.
Thus, tight pretty situation based on China's prawn culturing, need the ecological breeding pattern of research and development high-efficiency environment friendly badly,
Breed high-strength resistance and resistance against diseases shrimp Seedling, improve prawn culturing success rate, promote that the health of prawn culturing industry is sustainable
Development.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims to the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of high-efficiency environment friendly, seedling quality better, survival rate
Height, the high-strength resistance accomplished scale production and the batch production ecological breeding method of resistance against diseases shrimp Seedling.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
High-strength resistance and the batch production ecological breeding method of resistance against diseases shrimp Seedling are provided, comprise the following steps:
Step one, isolation nursery workshop and the foundation of standard nursery pond and disinfect:
1) the isolation each 500m in nursery workshop2, point 2 groups, left and right, totally 16 indoor raising of seedling ponds, each nursery pond 20 m2, pond
High 1.5m；
2) each nursery pond arranges 1 wide 2.0m, the skylight of long 3.5m, 1 wide 1.5m, the side window of high 3.5m；Educate for every
Seedling workshop arranges 24 skylights and 24 side windows, it is ensured that sufficient intensity of illumination；
3) strong chlorine oil (TCCA (Trichloroisocyanuric acid) powder) 2.0kg, potassium permanganate 0.5kg being dissolved in water, making concentration is 250ppm
Mixed solution, to nursery workshop and nursery pond thorough disinfection；
Step 2, the integrated treatment of water for larval nursing:
1) sea water is evacuated to high-level reservoir, described elevated storage after sequentially passing through rough sand, fine sand, activated carbon, screen filtration
Pond is cylindrical, and top seal, area is 100m2, high 3m；Than the high 10cm in face, pond of husky filtering ponds at the bottom of the pond of high-level reservoir；
2) dark precipitation: sea water carries out the dark precipitation of more than 24 hours in high-level reservoir；
3) chemistry, physical treatment: the sea water after dark precipitation adds to water treating pond, thoroughly disappears with strong chlorine oil 6ppm
Poison, was neutralized removing toxic substances also aeration more than 48 hours with sodium thiosulfate 3.0ppm after 24 hours, and through high speed stream treatment；
4) three grades of husky filters process:
First sea water after step 3) processes is filtered through first order sand: filter for finger stone, 20 eye mesh screens, rough sand, then warp
Second level sand filter: filter for rough sand, 80 eye mesh screens, fine sand, is finally the filter of third level sand: activated carbon, 150 eye mesh screens, fine sand mistake
Filter；
5) sea water after addition step 4) processes in nursery pond is to 1.3m, and regulation proportion is 1.019～1.021, pH value
Being 8.2～8.5, dissolved oxygen amount is 5.0～5.5mg/ml；
6) disodiumedetate 5.0ppm, fluorspar powder 10.0 ppm, ionized calcium 1.5ppm are thrown in；
Step 3, the healthy of prawn parent are cultivated and breeding:
1) foundation in parent shrimp rearing pond: parent shrimp rearing pond length 6 meters, wide 5 meters, high 1 meter, 30 m2, 12 parent shrimp rearing ponds are
One workshop, cultivates germling and can meet 20 nursery workshop nursery；
2) selection of parent shrimp: select to meet the Penaeus vannamei parent of specific pathogen free standard, male shrimp rule through inspection and quarantine
Lattice are 45 grams, and female shrimp specification is 40 grams；
3) the healthy cultivation of parent shrimp:
1. parent shrimp rearing pond adds treated clean water quality, depth of water 50cm；
2. the bioelectric detecting management of water quality: inoculation Skeletonema Costatum 1 × 10 first2Cfu/ml～2 × 102Cfu/ml, hay
Bacillus cereus 100 × 104Cfu/ml～125 × 104Cfu/ml, nitrosation bacillus 30 × 104Cfu/ml～45 × 104cfu/ml；
Threw in 1 time every 3 days；
3. the throwing something and feeding of feedstuff: by clam worm: shellfish meat: the weight ratio of special parent's shrimp man-made feeds is that 3:2:1 throws in (clam worm and shellfish
The fresh and alive feedstuff such as meat to be crucial by detection without specific pathogen)；Four times a day, throw something and feed by parent's shrimp gross weight 45% every day；
4. illumination and the regulation and control of physical and chemical factor: controlling intensity of illumination is 4000～4500 Lx, temperature 26～28 DEG C, pH value
8.2～8.5, proportion 1.018～1.022；
4) pairing of parent shrimp is bred:
1. individual female male parent shrimp big, that gonad is fully ripe is selected to carry out pairing copulation in copulation pond, female in copulation pond
Male parent shrimp ratio is 1:3；
2. the temperature in copulation pond keeps 26～27 DEG C, and spawning pond temperature keeps 27～28 DEG C；
3. when mating the parent shrimps rate less than 35%, this unsuitable spawning and hatching of close shrimp of this batch, it is not used in nursery；
5) hatching of germ cell:
1) select that ovum grain is full, germ cell that not damaged or no-sundries adhere to；
2) germ cell is hatched after 1.5ppm iodine liquid disinfectant 10min；
3) hatching density is 80～1,000,000/m3；
Step 4, the input of healthy nauplius:
1) nauplius hatched is after testing without band specific pathogen, it is ensured that the nauplius of use is healthy and safe；
2) nauplius that individual big, energetic, not damaged or no-sundries adhere to is selected；
3) nauplius is with after 2.0ppm crystalline substance iodine solution sterilization 10min, puts into nursery pond；
4) breeding density is 15.0～20.0 ten thousand/m3；
Step 5, the outfit of nursery bait:
1) cultivation of Skeletonema Costatum: extract from sea water and conservation in algae kind room, is inoculated into envelope according to producing needs
Enclosed algae culturing system carries out productivity cultivation, throws something and feeds for zoea；
2) artitificial food: directly buy artifical compound feed from feedstuff shop, throw something and feed for whole process；
3) cultivation of SS type wheel animalcule: inoculate SS type wheel animalcule, the inoculation number of SS type wheel animalcule in closed wheel animalcule culture systems
Amount is 10～20/ml；Throwing something and feeding every day 4 times, the Spirulina powder 5ppm that every time throws something and feeds, marine yeast 3ppm, EM bacterium 10ppm, for bran
Shrimp phase germling is thrown something and fed；
4) hatching of artemia larvae: buied canned artemia cysts by feedstuff shop, soaks 20 with 50ppm chlorine dioxide during hatching
Minute, cleaning up to put in hatching barrel and hatch, 3ppm disinfection by chlorine dioxide is used in hatching, within general 24 hours, can hatch without joint children
Body, throws something and feeds for post larval germling；
Step 6, the bioelectric detecting management of nursery water quality:
1) probiotics, the screening of useful algae and directive breeding:
Screen useful algae Skeletonema Costatum, from sea water, extract and carry out in algae kind room one-level conservation and two grades of expansion trainings
Support, need to be inoculated into closed algae culturing system according to production and carry out productivity cultivation；Skeletonema Costatum is introduced a fine variety nursery
Chi Zhong, inoculum density is 3 × 103Individual/l, directive breeding becomes dominant population；Screen bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, Asia simultaneously
Bacterium nitrobacter, is accessed in nursery pond by fermentation in strain room, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosation bacillus inoculation dense
Degree is respectively 3 × 104cfu/l、6×104Cfu/l and 125 × 104cfu/l；
2) the building and to cultivation water environment and the control of disease of probiotics and useful algae dominant population system:
In early stage, mid-term and the later stage of prawn seed-rearing, build probiotics and useful algae dominant population system, make middle rib bar
The concentration of algae is maintained at 4 × 106Individual/l～16 × 106Individual/l, the concentration of bacillus subtilis is 8 × 108～10 × 108cfu/
L, the concentration of lactic acid bacteria is 3 × 106～5 × 106Cfu/l, the concentration of nitrosation bacillus is 6 × 106～8 × 108cfu/l；
3) after raining, cold air arrives or strong wind weather need to throw in platinum combination compound vitamin 1.0ppm, and preventing stress
With improvement water quality；
4) do not change sea water before mysis larva, only add a small amount of fresh water regulation salinity；Become according to water quality after post larval germling
Change situation carries out changing water, and each quantity of exchanged water is 20～30cm, throw in immediately after changing water platinum combination compound vitamin 0.6ppm and
Disodiumedetate 1.5ppm；
The control management of step 7, temperature, light and other physical and chemical factors:
1) control of temperature:
Under nauplius, during pond, temperature controls at 29 DEG C, and later every day raises 0.5 DEG C, until 32 DEG C and keep stable；
2) illumination controls:
Control intensity of illumination by skylight and side window sunshade net, control during pond under nauplius intensity of illumination be 500～
800Lx, improves 100Lx later every day, and the final intensity of illumination that controls is 2000～2500 Lx；
3) control of other physical and chemical factors:
Proportion is adjusted to during pond under nauplius 1.019～1.021, during zoea 1.018～1.020, and mysis
Time 1.016～1.018, during young shrimp germling first day 1.014～1.016；Afterwards according to the reconditioning nursery of ratio putting Seedling pond water
The proportion in pond, but it is noted that regulate proportion every day not can exceed that 1.002；
PH value is maintained at 8.2～8.5, combines microorganism regulation and control quick lime and be watered and sprinkle regulation and control time on the low side；
Dissolved oxygen amount controls 5.5～6.5mg/ml；Use aerator continuous charge, gradually increase to post larval from nauplius stage
Greatly；
Ammonia-nitrogen content controls 0.50～1.50mg/l；
Content of nitrite controls 0.015～0.065mg/l；
Step 8, bait feeding manage:
Throw in nauplius in 24 hours, with self egg yolk as nutrition, abnormal for middle rib bar of throwing something and feeding after zoea
Algae and artifical compound feed, throw something and feed 6 every day；
It is mysis that zoea cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days, starts throw something and feed SS type wheel animalcule and artifical compound feed；
It is young shrimp that mysis cultivated metamorphosis through 3-4 days, starts throw something and feed artemia larvae and artifical compound feed；
Young shrimp 6～7 days (whole nursery stage 15-16 days) can be grown to 0.8～1.0cm, sale of can emerging；
Step 9, the pond that goes out of shrimp Seedling are sold:
1) shrimp Seedling was cultivated through 15～16 days, typically can reach 0.8～1.0cm, now can emerge；
2) proportion of nursery pond water body is progressively regulated, often according to the proportion putting pond (shrimp aquaculture pond) water body in a suitable place to breed before emerging
It regulation salinity difference is less than 1.002, and when emerging, the proportion of nursery pond water body and the difference in specific gravity putting water body in a suitable place to breed are less than
1.004；
3) emerge first 2 hours sufficient fairy shrimp of throwing something and feeding；
4) emerging and throw platinum combination compound vitamin 1ppm with water, preventing stress.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
A kind of high-strength resistance of the present invention and the batch production ecological breeding method of resistance against diseases shrimp Seedling, with prior art
Industrial seedling rearing pattern is compared, and has the advantage that
1) can have the high-quality shrimp Seedling of high-strength resistance and resistance against diseases for the offer of prawn culturing industry, improve and cultivate successfully
Rate, promotes the sound development of prawn industry；
2) present invention is by the reinforced cultivating to specific pathogen free parent shrimp, and (feedstuff is by clam worm: shellfish for high-quality and safety feedstuff of throwing something and feeding
Meat: special parent's shrimp man-made feeds are that 3:2:1 ratio is thrown in, and the fresh and alive feedstuff such as clam worm and shellfish meat will be by detection, without specific disease
Former is that core competency is thrown something and fed), use bioelectric detecting to cultivate water quality environment, it is ensured that cultivated germling high-quality is healthy, for cultivating height
Strong resistance and resistance against diseases shrimp Seedling provide early stage guarantee；
3) present invention is by the optimization of the process conditions such as the temperature in indoor raising of seedling pond, illumination, dissolved oxygen amount, water quality and comprehensive
Property control, the shrimp Seedling neat specification cultivated, survival rate are high, resistance and resistance against diseases strong；
4) present invention achieves batch production ecological breeding, it is possible to round-the-clock large-scale production, yield is high, fully meets market
Demand；
5) nursery water source is used physics, chemistry, biological synthesis to process by the present invention and recovery technology carries out pretreatment, and
During indoor raising of seedling, put into multiple-microorganism, by directive breeding, set up advantage probiotics algae population, degrade and absorption has
Poisonous substance matter, suppression pathogen growth breeding, it is achieved the biological prevention and control of nursery disease, thus artificial medication can be reduced, improve shrimp Seedling and exempt from
Epidemic disease power, makes cultivated shrimp Seedling have high-strength resistance and resistance against diseases；Also can decrease simultaneously and feed intake and sewage discharge, from source
The problem stopping drug residue, reduces environmental pollution, is the nursery pattern of a kind of high-efficiency environment friendly.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with the following Examples, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1.
A kind of high-strength resistance and the batch production ecological breeding method of resistance against diseases shrimp Seedling, it comprises the following steps:
Step one, isolation nursery workshop and the foundation of standard nursery pond and disinfect:
1) the isolation each 500m in nursery workshop2, point 2 groups, left and right, totally 16 indoor raising of seedling ponds, each nursery pond 20 m2, pond
High 1.5m；
2) each nursery pond arranges 1 wide 2.0m, the skylight of long 3.5m, 1 wide 1.5m, the side window of high 3.5m；Educate for every
Seedling workshop arranges 24 skylights and 24 side windows, it is ensured that sufficient intensity of illumination；
3) strong chlorine oil (TCCA (Trichloroisocyanuric acid) powder) 2.0kg, potassium permanganate 0.5kg being dissolved in water, making concentration is 250ppm
Mixed solution, to nursery workshop and nursery pond thorough disinfection；
Step 2, the integrated treatment of water for larval nursing:
1) sea water is evacuated to high-level reservoir, described elevated storage after sequentially passing through rough sand, fine sand, activated carbon, screen filtration
Pond is cylindrical, and top seal, area is 100m2, high 3m；Than the high 10cm in face, pond of husky filtering ponds at the bottom of the pond of high-level reservoir；
2) dark precipitation: sea water carries out the dark precipitation of more than 24 hours in high-level reservoir；
3) chemistry, physical treatment: the sea water after dark precipitation adds to water treating pond, thoroughly disappears with strong chlorine oil 6ppm
Poison, was neutralized removing toxic substances also aeration more than 48 hours with sodium thiosulfate 3.0ppm after 24 hours, and through high speed stream treatment；
4) three grades of husky filters process:
First sea water after step 3) processes is filtered through first order sand: filter for finger stone, 20 eye mesh screens, rough sand, then warp
Second level sand filter: filter for rough sand, 80 eye mesh screens, fine sand, is finally the filter of third level sand: activated carbon, 150 eye mesh screens, fine sand mistake
Filter；
5) sea water after addition step 4) processes in nursery pond is to 1.3m, and regulation proportion is 1.019～1.021, pH value
Being 8.2～8.5, dissolved oxygen amount is 5.0～5.5mg/ml；
6) disodiumedetate 5.0ppm, fluorspar powder 10.0 ppm, ionized calcium 1.5ppm are thrown in；
Step 3, the healthy of prawn parent are cultivated and breeding:
1) foundation in parent shrimp rearing pond: parent shrimp rearing pond length 6 meters, wide 5 meters, high 1 meter, 30 m2, 12 parent shrimp rearing ponds are
One workshop, cultivates germling and can meet 20 nursery workshop nursery；
2) selection of parent shrimp: select to meet the Penaeus vannamei parent of specific pathogen free standard, male shrimp rule through inspection and quarantine
Lattice are 45 grams, and female shrimp specification is 40 grams；
3) the healthy cultivation of parent shrimp:
1. parent shrimp rearing pond adds treated clean water quality, depth of water 50cm；
2. the bioelectric detecting management of water quality: inoculation Skeletonema Costatum 1 × 10 first2Cfu/ml～2 × 102Cfu/ml, hay
Bacillus cereus 100 × 104Cfu/ml～125 × 104Cfu/ml, nitrosation bacillus 30 × 104Cfu/ml～45 × 104cfu/ml；
Threw in 1 time every 3 days；
3. the throwing something and feeding of feedstuff: by clam worm: shellfish meat: the weight ratio of special parent's shrimp man-made feeds is that 3:2:1 throws in (clam worm and shellfish
The fresh and alive feedstuff such as meat to be crucial by detection without specific pathogen)；Four times a day, throw something and feed by parent's shrimp gross weight 45% every day；
4. illumination and the regulation and control of physical and chemical factor: controlling intensity of illumination is 4000～4500 Lx, temperature 26～28 DEG C, pH value
8.2～8.5, proportion 1.018～1.022；
4) pairing of parent shrimp is bred:
1. individual female male parent shrimp big, that gonad is fully ripe is selected to carry out pairing copulation in copulation pond, female in copulation pond
Male parent shrimp ratio is 1:3；
2. the temperature in copulation pond keeps 26～27 DEG C, and spawning pond temperature keeps 27～28 DEG C；
3. when mating the parent shrimps rate less than 35%, this unsuitable spawning and hatching of close shrimp of this batch, it is not used in nursery；
5) hatching of germ cell:
1) select that ovum grain is full, germ cell that not damaged or no-sundries adhere to；
2) germ cell is hatched after 1.5ppm iodine liquid disinfectant 10min；
3) hatching density is 80～1,000,000/m3；
Step 4, the input of healthy nauplius:
1) nauplius hatched is after testing without band specific pathogen, it is ensured that the nauplius of use is healthy and safe；
2) nauplius that individual big, energetic, not damaged or no-sundries adhere to is selected；
3) nauplius is with after 2.0ppm crystalline substance iodine solution sterilization 10min, puts into nursery pond；
4) breeding density is 15.0～20.0 ten thousand/m3；
Step 5, the outfit of nursery bait:
1) cultivation of Skeletonema Costatum: extract from sea water and conservation in algae kind room, is inoculated into envelope according to producing needs
Enclosed algae culturing system carries out productivity cultivation, throws something and feeds for zoea；
2) artitificial food: directly buy artifical compound feed from feedstuff shop, throw something and feed for whole process；
3) cultivation of SS type wheel animalcule: inoculate SS type wheel animalcule, the inoculation number of SS type wheel animalcule in closed wheel animalcule culture systems
Amount is 10～20/ml；Throwing something and feeding every day 4 times, the Spirulina powder 5ppm that every time throws something and feeds, marine yeast 3ppm, EM bacterium 10ppm, for bran
Shrimp phase germling is thrown something and fed；
4) hatching of artemia larvae: buied canned artemia cysts by feedstuff shop, soaks 20 with 50ppm chlorine dioxide during hatching
Minute, cleaning up to put in hatching barrel and hatch, 3ppm disinfection by chlorine dioxide is used in hatching, within general 24 hours, can hatch without joint children
Body, throws something and feeds for post larval germling；
Step 6, the bioelectric detecting management of nursery water quality:
1) probiotics, the screening of useful algae and directive breeding:
Screen useful algae Skeletonema Costatum, from sea water, extract and carry out in algae kind room one-level conservation and two grades of expansion trainings
Support, need to be inoculated into closed algae culturing system according to production and carry out productivity cultivation；Skeletonema Costatum is introduced a fine variety nursery
Chi Zhong, inoculum density is 3 × 103Individual/l, directive breeding becomes dominant population；Screen bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, Asia simultaneously
Bacterium nitrobacter, is accessed in nursery pond by fermentation in strain room, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosation bacillus inoculation dense
Degree is respectively 3 × 104cfu/l、6×104Cfu/l and 125 × 104cfu/l；
2) the building and to cultivation water environment and the control of disease of probiotics and useful algae dominant population system:
In early stage, mid-term and the later stage of prawn seed-rearing, build probiotics and useful algae dominant population system, make middle rib bar
The concentration of algae is maintained at 4 × 106Individual/l～16 × 106Individual/l, the concentration of bacillus subtilis is 8 × 108～10 × 108cfu/
L, the concentration of lactic acid bacteria is 3 × 106～5 × 106Cfu/l, the concentration of nitrosation bacillus is 6 × 106～8 × 108cfu/l；
3) after raining, cold air arrives or strong wind weather need to throw in platinum combination compound vitamin 1.0ppm, and preventing stress
With improvement water quality；
4) do not change sea water before mysis larva, only add a small amount of fresh water regulation salinity；Become according to water quality after post larval germling
Change situation carries out changing water, and each quantity of exchanged water is 20～30cm, throw in immediately after changing water platinum combination compound vitamin 0.6ppm and
Disodiumedetate 1.5ppm；
The control management of step 7, temperature, light and other physical and chemical factors:
1) control of temperature:
Under nauplius, during pond, temperature controls at 29 DEG C, and later every day raises 0.5 DEG C, until 32 DEG C and keep stable；
2) illumination controls:
Control intensity of illumination by skylight and side window sunshade net, control during pond under nauplius intensity of illumination be 500～
800Lx, improves 100Lx later every day, and the final intensity of illumination that controls is 2000～2500 Lx；
3) control of other physical and chemical factors:
Proportion is adjusted to during pond under nauplius 1.019～1.021, during zoea 1.018～1.020, and mysis
Time 1.016～1.018, during young shrimp germling first day 1.014～1.016；Afterwards according to the reconditioning nursery of ratio putting Seedling pond water
The proportion in pond, but it is noted that regulate proportion every day not can exceed that 1.002；
PH value is maintained at 8.2～8.5, combines microorganism regulation and control quick lime and be watered and sprinkle regulation and control time on the low side；
Dissolved oxygen amount controls 5.5～6.5mg/ml；Use aerator continuous charge, gradually increase to post larval from nauplius stage
Greatly；
Ammonia-nitrogen content controls 0.50～1.50mg/l；
Content of nitrite controls 0.015～0.065mg/l；
Step 8, bait feeding manage:
Throw in nauplius in 24 hours, with self egg yolk as nutrition, abnormal for middle rib bar of throwing something and feeding after zoea
Algae and artifical compound feed, throw something and feed 6 every day；
It is mysis that zoea cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days, starts throw something and feed SS type wheel animalcule and Spirulina powder, micropartical, shrimp
The artifical compound feed such as sheet, black track producing particle；
It is young shrimp that mysis cultivated metamorphosis through 3-4 days, starts throw something and feed artemia larvae and artifical compound feed；
Young shrimp 6～7 days (whole nursery stage 15～16 days) can be grown to 0.8～1.0cm, sale of can emerging；
Step 9, the pond that goes out of shrimp Seedling are sold:
1) shrimp Seedling was cultivated through 15～16 days, typically can reach 0.8～1.0cm, now can emerge；
2) proportion of nursery pond water body is progressively regulated, often according to the proportion putting pond (shrimp aquaculture pond) water body in a suitable place to breed before emerging
It regulation salinity difference is less than 1.002, and when emerging, the proportion of nursery pond water body and the difference in specific gravity putting water body in a suitable place to breed are less than
1.004；
3) emerge first 2 hours sufficient fairy shrimp of throwing something and feeding；
4) emerging and throw platinum combination compound vitamin 1ppm with water, preventing stress.
In the present embodiment, commodity in use is following:
Strong chlorine oil (TCCA (Trichloroisocyanuric acid) powder) is the commodity that Wuhan Keyang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. produces；
Brilliant iodine is the commodity that Yuncheng Yanhu District crystalline substance splendidness engineering of water treatment company limited produces；
Disodiumedetate is the commodity that Xilong Chemical Co., Ltd produces；
The commodity that EM Jun Shi Guangdong Lubaiduo Bio-tech Co., Ltd. produces；
Platinum combination compound vitamin is the commodity that Henan animal pharmaceutical estate company limited of pul Thailand produces；
Ionized calcium is the commodity that the green company more than hundred in Guangdong produces；
The refreshing bright and beautiful commodity being Xin Hailisheng bio tech ltd, Guangzhou and producing；
Artifical compound feed (main component is Spirulina powder, micropartical, shrimp crack and black track producing particle etc.) is that Zhanjiang City is rich still raises
The commodity that material company limited produces.
Following example select the nursery workshop of an isolation, area 500m2, nursery workshop is divided two groups, left and right, arranges
16 indoor raising of seedling ponds, each nursery pond area 20m2, high 1.5m, and name (such as No. 1 nursery pond, No. 2 nursery by sequence number respectively
Pond ... etc.), embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 select No. 2 nursery ponds therein and No. 8 nursery ponds respectively, and use embodiment 1
Method carries out industrial seedling rearing.
Embodiment 2: selected No. 2 nursery ponds are tested:
1, on April 9th, 2013, with strong chlorine oil 2.0kg, the molten water of potassium permanganate 0.5kg, making concentration is 200ppm strong chlorine oil
With potassium permanganate mixed solution, to nursery workshop and nursery pond thorough disinfection.
2, on April 9th, 2013, the sea water pumped from sea area carries out following pretreatment:
1) sea water is evacuated to high-level reservoir, described elevated storage after sequentially passing through rough sand, fine sand, activated carbon, screen filtration
Pond is cylindrical, and top seal, area is 100m2, high 3m；Than the high 10cm in face, pond of husky filtering ponds at the bottom of the pond of cistern；
2) dark precipitation: sea water carries out the dark precipitation of more than 24 hours in high-level reservoir；
3) chemistry, physical treatment: the sea water after dark precipitation adds to water treating pond, thoroughly disappears with strong chlorine oil 6ppm
Poison, was neutralized removing toxic substances also aeration more than 48 hours with sodium thiosulfate 3.0ppm after 24 hours, and through high speed stream treatment；
4) three grades of husky filters process: first filter through first order sand: finger stone, 20 eye mesh screens, rough sand filter, then through the second level
Husky filter: filter for rough sand, 80 eye mesh screens, fine sand, is finally the filter of third level sand: activated carbon, 150 eye mesh screens, fine sand filter；
5) to put into nursery pond standby for pretreated sea water.
On April 14th, 2013, adding the sea water after above-mentioned process in nursery pond, the depth of water is 1.3m, and regulation proportion is
1.020, pH value is 8.2, and dissolved oxygen amount is 5.1/ml；
Input on April 15th, 2013 disodiumedetate 5.0ppm, fluorspar powder 10.0 ppm, ionized calcium 1.5ppm,
Complexing heavy metal and other noxious substance of releasing.
3, the healthy of prawn parent is cultivated and breeding:
On March 15th, 2013, and selected No. 5 and No. 6 parent shrimp rearing ponds (grow 6 meters, wide 5 meters, high 1 meter；Area 30 squares
Rice), parent culture pond adds treated clean water quality, depth of water 50cm；
On March 17th, 2013, inoculate Skeletonema Costatum 1 × 102Cfu/ml～2 × 102Cfu/ml, bacillus subtilis 100
×104Cfu/ml～125 × 104Cfu/ml, nitrosation bacillus 30 × 104Cfu/ml～45 × 104cfu/ml；Threw in every 3 days
1 time.
On March 20th, 2013, introduce specific pathogen free prawn parent 2000 to (meeting without specific through inspection and quarantine from the U.S.
Cause of disease standard, ♀ shrimp specification is 46 grams after measured, and ♂ shrimp specification is 42 grams).Wherein 333 tail ♀ shrimps and 333 tail ♂ shrimps are thrown respectively
It is placed in selected No. 5 and No. 6 parent shrimp rearing ponds cultivation；
On March 20th, 2013, No. 5 and No. 6 parent shrimp rearing ponds put into 30g platinum combination compound vitamin respectively；
On March 20th, 2013, throws something and feeds clam worm 3.3Kg, shellfish meat 2.2Kg and special parent shrimp respectively in No. 5 and No. 6 parent shrimp rearing ponds
Man-made feeds 1.1Kg；Every natural gift throw something and feed (Feeding time is: 7:00,13:00,19:00,1:00) for 4 times；
On March 20th, 2013, controlling intensity of illumination is 4000～4500 Lx；The regulation and control of physical and chemical factor: temperature 26-28 DEG C,
PH value 8.2-8.5, proportion 1.018-1.022；
In the morning on April 1st, 2013, by No. 5 pond ♀ shrimp every tail 1 optic stalk of excision, be conducive to ripe and sex differentiation；
In morning on April 15th, 2013, No. 5 ♀ shrimps individual ♀ parent shrimp and No. 6 ♂ big, gonad fully maturation are selected to join
To copulation, copulation pond temperature keeps 26-27 DEG C；
In evening, by the ♀ shrimp of copulation, moved to spawning pond and laid eggs on April 15th, 2013, and spawning pond temperature keeps 27-28 DEG C；
Morning on April 16th, 2013, the germ cell that ovum grain is full in screening, not damaged or no-sundries adhere to；
Hatching after 1.5ppm iodine liquid disinfectant 10min, hatching density is 80～1,000,000/m3。
4, healthy nauplius is thrown in:
In afternoon on April 16th, 2013, select healthy nauplius 4,000,000 tail to be invested in selected No. 2 prawn nursery pond and enter
Row nursery；
1) nauplius hatched is after testing without band specific pathogen, it is ensured that the germling of use is healthy and safe；
2) nauplius that individual big, energetic, not damaged or no-sundries adhere to is selected；
3) nauplius is with after 2.0ppm crystalline substance iodine solution sterilization 10min, puts into nursery pond；
4) breeding density is 15.0～20.0 ten thousand/m3。
5, the cultivation being equipped with living bait of nursery bait:
On April 13rd, 2013, Skeletonema Costatum concentration is 3 × 103Individual/l, is inoculated into closed algae culturing system and carries out
Productivity is cultivated；Standby (being also used for regulating and controlling water quality) is thrown something and fed for zoea；
On April 13rd, 2013, the cultivation of SS type wheel animalcule is inoculated in closed wheel animalcule culture systems cultivation, SS type wheel animalcule
Inoculation quantity is 10～20/ml；Throw something and feed every day 4 times, the Spirulina powder 5ppm that every time throws something and feeds, marine yeast 3ppm, EM bacterium
10ppm, throws something and feeds for mysis larva.
The bioelectric detecting management of 6, nursery water quality:
On April 14th, 2013, being introduced a fine variety by Skeletonema Costatum in nursery pond, inoculum density is 3 × 103Individual/l；
On April 15th, 2013, nursery pond will be inoculated into by the bacillus subtilis of fermentation, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosation bacillus
In, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, the inoculum density of nitrosation bacillus are respectively 3 × 104cfu/l、6×104Cfu/l and 125
×104cfu/l；
On April 17th, 2013, put into Skeletonema Costatum and introduce a fine variety in nursery pond, make the concentration of Skeletonema Costatum be maintained at 4
×106Individual/l～16 × 106 Individual/l；Every day 1 time later；
On April 18th, 2013, put into bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosation bacillus, make seedling water keep hay bud
The concentration of spore bacillus is 8 × 108～10 × 108Cfu/l, the concentration of lactic acid bacteria is 3 × 106～5 × 106Cfu/l, nitrosation bar
The concentration of bacterium is 6 × 106～8 × 108cfu/l；Later every 3 days 1 time；
On April 28th, 2013, larval metamorphosis becomes young shrimp the 3rd day, changes water 25cm, throws in platinum combination immediately multiple after changing water
Close vitamin 15.6g and disodiumedetate 40g.
7, the control management of temperature, light and other physical and chemical factors:
1) control of temperature:
Under nauplius, during pond, temperature controls at 29 DEG C, and later every day raises 0.5 DEG C, until 32 DEG C and keep stable；
2) illumination controls:
Control intensity of illumination by skylight and side window sunshade net, control during pond under nauplius intensity of illumination be 500～
800Lx, improves 100Lx later every day, and the final intensity of illumination that controls is 2000～2500 Lx.
3) control of other physical and chemical factors
Proportion is adjusted to during pond under nauplius 1.019～1.021, during zoea 1.018～1.020, and mysis
Time 1.016～1.018, during young shrimp germling first day 1.014～1.016；Afterwards according to the reconditioning nursery of ratio putting Seedling pond water
Pond proportion, but it is noted that regulate proportion every day not can exceed that 1.002；
PH value is maintained at 8.2～8.5, combines microorganism regulation and control quick lime and be watered and sprinkle regulation and control time on the low side；
Dissolved oxygen amount controls 5.5～6.5mg/ml；Use aerator continuous charge, gradually increase to post larval from nauplius stage
Greatly；
Ammonia-nitrogen content controls 0.50～1.50mg/l；
Content of nitrite controls 0.015～0.065mg/l；
8, the bait feeding management of shrimp Seedling:
On April 16th, 2013, throw in nauplius in 24 hours, with self egg yolk as nutrition；
On April 17th, 2013, nauplius becomes zoea through metamorphosis in 24 hours, puts into after being concentrated by Skeletonema Costatum
In nursery pond, the concentration of Skeletonema Costatum is made to be maintained at 4 × 106Individual/l～16 × 106Individual/l；Every day 1 time later；.
On April 17th, 2013, start the artifical compound feeds such as Spirulina powder, micropartical, shrimp crack and black track producing particle of throwing something and feeding；Every day
Throw something and feed 6 times；
On April 21st, 2013, it is mysis that zoea cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days, starts throw something and feed SS type wheel animalcule and spiral
The artifical compound feeds such as algae powder, micropartical, shrimp crack, black track producing particle；
On April 25th, 2013, it is son shrimp that mysis cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days, start to throw something and feed artemia larvae and Spirulina powder,
The artifical compound feeds such as micropartical, shrimp crack, black track producing particle.
9, the pond that goes out of shrimp Seedling is sold:
On May 1st, 2013, young shrimp is cultivated to the 6th day (whole nursery stage 15 days), starts sale of emerging.
Sampling 500 tails, recording minimum gauge is 0.86cm, is 0.95cm to the maximum, measures the shrimp a length of 0.92cm of Seedling average body,
Shrimp Seedling specification is uniform, body constitution is healthy and strong, energetic；It is 3,380,000 tails through statistics output of seedling, survival rate 84.5%.
Extract 3000 tail shrimp Seedlings respectively and carry out Viral diagnosis and the residual detection of medicine, the most qualified.
Embodiment 3: selected No. 8 nursery ponds are tested.
1, on June 10th, 2014, with strong chlorine oil 2.0kg, the molten water of potassium permanganate 0.5kg, making concentration is the strong chlorine of 200ppm
Essence and potassium permanganate mixed solution, to nursery workshop and nursery pond thorough disinfection.
2, on June 10th, 2014, the sea water pumped from sea area carries out following pretreatment, the phase of its step and embodiment 2
With.
On June 15th, 2014, adding the sea water after above-mentioned process in nursery pond, the depth of water is 1.3m, and regulation proportion is
1.020, pH value is 8.2, and dissolved oxygen amount is 5.1/ml；
Input on June 16th, 2014 disodiumedetate 5.0ppm, fluorspar powder 10.0 ppm, ionized calcium 1.5ppm,
Complexing heavy metal and other noxious substance of releasing.
3, the healthy of prawn parent is cultivated and breeding:
On May 16th, 2014, and selected No. 9 and No. 10 parent shrimp rearing ponds (grow 6 meters, wide 5 meters, high 1 meter；Area 30 squares
Rice), parent culture pond adds treated clean water quality, depth of water 50cm；
On May 18th, 2014, inoculate Skeletonema Costatum 1 × 102Cfu/ml～2 × 102Cfu/ml, bacillus subtilis 100
×104Cfu/ml～125 × 104Cfu/ml, nitrosation bacillus 30 × 104Cfu/ml～45 × 104cfu/ml；Threw in every 3 days
1 time；
On May 22nd, 2014, introduce specific pathogen free prawn parent 2200 to (meeting without specific through inspection and quarantine from the U.S.
Cause of disease standard, ♀ shrimp specification is 46 grams after measured, and ♂ shrimp specification is 42 grams).Wherein 350 tail ♀ shrimps and 350 tail ♂ shrimps are thrown respectively
It is placed in selected No. 5 and No. 6 parent shrimp rearing ponds cultivation；
On May 21st, 2014, No. 9 and No. 10 parent shrimp rearing ponds put into 30g platinum combination compound vitamin respectively；
On May 21st, 2014, throw something and feed clam worm 3.6Kg, shellfish meat 2.4Kg and special parent respectively for No. 9 and No. 10 parent shrimp rearing ponds
Shrimp man-made feeds 1.2Kg；Every natural gift throw something and feed (Feeding time is: 7:00,13:00,19:00,1:00) for 4 times；
On May 21st, 2014, controlling intensity of illumination is 4000～4500 Lx；The regulation and control of physical and chemical factor: temperature 26-28 DEG C,
PH value 8.2-8.5, proportion 1.018-1.022；
In the morning on June 2nd, 2014, by No. 9 pond ♀ shrimp every tail 1 optic stalk of excision, be conducive to ripe and sex differentiation；
In morning on June 16th, 2014, No. 9 ♀ shrimps individual ♀ parent shrimp and No. 6 ♂ big, gonad fully maturation are selected to join
To copulation, copulation pond temperature keeps 26-27 DEG C；
In evening, by the ♀ shrimp of copulation, moved to spawning pond and laid eggs on June 16th, 2014, and spawning pond temperature keeps 27-28 DEG C；
Morning on June 17th, 2014, the germ cell that ovum grain is full in screening, not damaged or no-sundries adhere to；
Hatching after 1.5ppm iodine liquid disinfectant 10min, hatching density is 80～1,000,000/m3。
4, healthy nauplius is thrown in:
In afternoon on June 17th, 2014, select healthy nauplius 4,200,000 tail to be invested in selected No. 8 prawn nursery pond and enter
Row nursery；
1) nauplius hatched is after testing without band specific pathogen, it is ensured that the germling of use is healthy and safe；
2) nauplius that individual big, energetic, not damaged or no-sundries adhere to is selected；
3) nauplius is with after 2.0ppm crystalline substance iodine solution sterilization 10min, puts into nursery pond；
4) breeding density is 16.0 ten thousand/m3。
5, the cultivation being equipped with living bait of nursery bait:
On June 14th, 2014, Skeletonema Costatum concentration is 3 × 103/l.It is inoculated into closed algae culturing system to carry out
Productivity is cultivated；Standby (being also used for regulating and controlling water quality) is thrown something and fed for zoea.
On June 14th, 2014, the cultivation of SS type wheel animalcule is inoculated in closed wheel animalcule culture systems cultivation, SS type wheel animalcule
Inoculation quantity be 10～20/ml；Throw something and feed every day 4 times, the Spirulina powder 5ppm that every time throws something and feeds, marine yeast 3ppm, EM bacterium
10ppm, throws something and feeds for mysis larva.
The bioelectric detecting management of 6, nursery water quality:
On June 15th, 2014, being introduced a fine variety by Skeletonema Costatum in nursery pond, inoculum density is 3 × 103Individual/l；
On April 15th, 2013, nursery pond will be inoculated into by the bacillus subtilis of fermentation, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosation bacillus
In, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, the inoculum density of nitrosation bacillus are respectively 3 × 104cfu/l、6×104Cfu/l and 125
×104cfu/l；
On June 18th, 2014, put into Skeletonema Costatum and introduce a fine variety in nursery pond, make the concentration of Skeletonema Costatum be maintained at 4
×106Individual/l～16 × 106Individual/l；Every day 1 time later；
On June 19th, 2014, put into bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, nitrosation bacillus, make seedling water keep hay bud
The concentration of spore bacillus is 8 × 108～10 × 108Cfu/l, the concentration of lactic acid bacteria is 3 × 106～5 × 106Cfu/l, nitrosation bar
The concentration of bacterium is 6 × 106～8 × 108cfu/l；Later every 3 days 1 time；
On June 29th, 2014, larval metamorphosis becomes young shrimp the 3rd day, changes water 25cm, throws in platinum combination immediately multiple after changing water
Close vitamin 15.6g and disodiumedetate 40g.
7, the control management of temperature, light and other physical and chemical factors during implementing:
Its concrete steps are identical with embodiment 2.
8, the bait feeding management of shrimp Seedling:
On June 17th, 2014, throw in nauplius in 24 hours, with self egg yolk as nutrition；
On June 18th, 2014, nauplius becomes zoea through metamorphosis in 24 hours, puts into after being concentrated by Skeletonema Costatum
In nursery pond, the concentration of Skeletonema Costatum is made to be maintained at 4 × 106Individual/l～16 × 106Individual/l；Every day 1 time later.
On June 18th, 2014, start to throw something and feed Spirulina powder 20g, micropartical 5g, shrimp crack 20g and black track producing particle 5g every time；Every day
Throw something and feed 6 times；
On June 22nd, 2014, it is mysis that zoea cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days, starts throw something and feed SS type wheel animalcule and spiral
The artifical compound feeds such as algae powder, micropartical, shrimp crack, black track producing particle；
On June 26th, 2014, it is son shrimp that mysis cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days, start to throw something and feed artemia larvae and Spirulina powder,
The artifical compound feeds such as micropartical, shrimp crack, black track producing particle.
9, the pond that goes out of shrimp Seedling is sold:
On July 3rd, 2014, No. 8 pond son shrimps were cultivated to the 7th day, started sale of emerging.
Sampling 500 tails, recording minimum gauge is 0.89cm, is 0.98cm to the maximum, measures the shrimp a length of 0.95cm of Seedling average body,
Shrimp Seedling specification is uniform, body constitution is healthy and strong, energetic；It is 3,580,000 tails through statistics output of seedling, survival rate 85.2%.
Extract 3000 tail shrimp Seedlings respectively and carry out Viral diagnosis and the residual detection of medicine, the most qualified.
Comparative example.
Selected indoor prawn nursery pond 12 carries out breeding experiment, this nursery pond area 22m2, pond height 1.5m.
1, on April 9th, 2013, with strong chlorine oil 2.0kg, the molten water of potassium permanganate 0.5kg, making concentration is 200ppm strong chlorine oil
With potassium permanganate mixed solution, to nursery workshop and nursery pond thorough disinfection.
2, on April 9th, 2013, the sea water pumped from sea area carries out following pretreatment:
1) sea water is evacuated to high-level reservoir after sequentially passing through rough sand, fine sand, activated carbon, screen filtration；
2) dark precipitation: sea water carries out the dark precipitation of more than 24 hours in high-level reservoir；
3) husky filter processes: first order sand is filtered: finger stone, 20 eye mesh screens, rough sand filter, and then filters through second level sand: for slightly
Sand, 80 eye mesh screens, fine sand filter；
On April 14th, 2013, adding the sea water after above-mentioned process in nursery pond, the depth of water is 1.3m, and regulation proportion is
1.020, pH value is 8.2, and dissolved oxygen amount is 5.1/ml；
On April 14th, 2013, put into formalin 500ml；
Throw in disodiumedetate 5.0ppm, complexing heavy metal and other noxious substance of releasing on April 15th, 2013.
3, the healthy of prawn parent is cultivated and breeding:
On March 15th, 2013, and selected No. 5 and No. 6 parent shrimp rearing ponds (grow 6 meters, wide 5 meters, high 1 meter；Area 30 squares
Rice), parent culture pond adds treated clean water quality, depth of water 50cm；
On March 20th, 2013, introduce specific pathogen free prawn parent 2000 to (meeting without specific through inspection and quarantine from the U.S.
Cause of disease standard, ♀ shrimp specification is 46 grams after measured, and ♂ shrimp specification is 42 grams), wherein 333 tail ♀ shrimps and 333 tail ♂ shrimps are thrown respectively
It is placed in selected No. 7 and No. 8 parent shrimp rearing ponds cultivation；
On March 20th, 2013, throw something and feed clam worm 3.3Kg respectively that buy from market for No. 7 and No. 8 parent shrimp rearing ponds, shellfish meat
There is potential safety hazard in 3.3Kg()；Every natural gift throw something and feed (7:00,13:00,19:00,1:00) for 4 times；
On March 20th, 2013, the regulation and control of physical and chemical factor are same as in Example 2: temperature 26-28 DEG C, pH value 8.2-8.5, than
Weight 1.018-1.022.
Intensity of illumination is difficult to control to compared with Example 2；
In the morning on April 1st, 2013, by No. 5 pond ♀ shrimp every tail 1 optic stalk of excision, be conducive to ripe and sex differentiation；
In morning on April 15th, 2013, selecting No. 5 ♀ shrimps and No. 6 ♂ to carry out pairing copulation, copulation pond temperature keeps 26-27
℃；
In evening on April 15th, 2013, by the ♀ shrimp of copulation, moving to spawning pond and lay eggs and hatch, spawning and hatching pond temperature is protected
Hold 27-28 DEG C.
4, nauplius is thrown in:
In afternoon on April 16th, 2013, nauplius (there is potential safety hazard) 4,000,000 tail is invested in selected No. 12 prawn
Nursery pond carries out nursery.
5, nursery water quality management:
In afternoon on April 16th, 2013, throw in furan azoles 40g, cefradine 30g；
On April 17th, 2013, keeping pH value is 8.2, and dissolved oxygen amount is 5.6/ml, and temperature controls at 30 DEG C；
On April 18th, 2013, throw in rifampicin 25g；
On April 30th, 2013, larval metamorphosis becomes young shrimp the 3rd day, changes water 25cm, throw in ethylenediamine tetrem after changing water immediately
Acid disodium 80g and norfloxacin 40g.
6, the bait feeding management of shrimp Seedling:
On April 16th, 2013, throw in nauplius in 24 hours, with self egg yolk as nutrition；
On April 17th, 2013, start throw something and feed Spirulina powder, micropartical, shrimp crack and black track producing particle；Throw something and feed every day 6 times；
On April 21st, 2013, it is mysis that zoea cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days, Spirulina powder, micropartical, shrimp crack, black
The artifical compound feeds such as particle；Throw something and feed every day 6 times；
On April 26th, 2013, it is son shrimp that mysis cultivated metamorphosis through 5 days, start to throw something and feed artemia larvae and Spirulina powder,
The artifical compound feeds such as micropartical, shrimp crack, black track producing particle；
7, the pond that goes out of shrimp Seedling is sold:
On May 4th, 2013, young shrimp is cultivated to the 8th day (whole nursery stage 15-16 days), starts sale of emerging, sampling 500
Tail, recording minimum gauge is 0.71cm, is 1.05cm, a length of 0.85cm of Seedling average body to the maximum, and specification is irregular relatively big, and
The shrimp Seedling individuality of below 0.80cm is thin and weak, and vigor is poor, is 3,020,000 tails through statistics output of seedling, survival rate 75.5%.
Extract 3000 tail shrimp Seedlings respectively and carry out Viral diagnosis and the residual detection of medicine, qualification rate 85.5%.
The shrimp Seedling that the method for embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and comparative example is cultivated carries out contrast understand, use embodiment 2 He
The batch production ecological breeding method of embodiment 3, the shrimp Seedling neat specification obtained, individual stalwartness, yield is high, determines virus without holding
Residual with medicine, and average survival is up to 84.85%.And comparative example specification is irregular relatively big, individual thin and weak, vigor is poor, virus and
Medicine residual detection qualification rate qualification rate 85.5%, of poor quality；And survival rate is low, only 75.5%.
Thus, the batch production ecological breeding method of the present invention, by each flow process condition of the seedling industrialized nursery of prawn
Being optimized, links and step technique are innovated, it is achieved the bioelectric detecting of indoor isolation nursery pond water quality environment and temperature
Degree, illumination, dissolved oxygen amount, transparency, pH value, harmful substance、Causal organisms etc. can need to control effectively, comprehensively according to nursery
Improve seedling raising environment condition, strengthen shrimp Seedling resistance and resistance against diseases, improve shrimp Seedling quality and survival rate.The present invention solves right
The key technology of shrimp nursery, it is provided that a kind of high-efficiency environment friendly nursery pattern, promotes prawn culturing industry efficient health sustainable development.
It is last it should be noted that, above example is merely to illustrate technical scheme rather than protects the present invention
The restriction of scope, although being explained in detail the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art should manage
Solve, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent, without deviating from technical solution of the present invention essence and
Scope.
Claims (1)
1. a high-strength resistance and the batch production ecological breeding method of resistance against diseases shrimp Seedling, it is characterised in that: include following step
Rapid:
Step one, isolation nursery workshop and the foundation of standard nursery pond and disinfect:
1) the isolation each 500m in nursery workshop2, point 2 groups, left and right, totally 16 indoor raising of seedling ponds, each nursery pond 20 m2, Chi Gao
1.5m；
2) each nursery pond arranges 1 wide 2.0m, the skylight of long 3.5m, 1 wide 1.5m, the side window of high 3.5m；Every seedling culturing vehicle
Between 24 skylights and 24 side windows are set, it is ensured that sufficient intensity of illumination；
3) strong chlorine oil 2.0kg, potassium permanganate 0.5kg are dissolved in water, make the mixed solution that concentration is 250ppm, to nursery workshop
And nursery pond thorough disinfection；
Step 2, the integrated treatment of water for larval nursing:
1) sea water is evacuated to high-level reservoir after sequentially passing through rough sand, fine sand, activated carbon, screen filtration, and described high-level reservoir is
Cylinder, top seal, area is 100m2, high 3m；Than the high 10cm in face, pond of husky filtering ponds at the bottom of the pond of high-level reservoir；
2) dark precipitation: sea water carries out the dark precipitation of more than 24 hours in high-level reservoir；
3) chemistry, physical treatment: the sea water after dark precipitation adds to water treating pond, carries out thorough disinfection with strong chlorine oil 6ppm, and 24
It is neutralized removing toxic substances also aeration more than 48 hours with sodium thiosulfate 3.0ppm after hour, and through high speed stream treatment；
4) three grades of husky filters process:
First sea water after step 3) processes is filtered through first order sand: filter, then through second for finger stone, 20 eye mesh screens, rough sand
The husky filter of level: filter for rough sand, 80 eye mesh screens, fine sand, is finally the filter of third level sand: activated carbon, 150 eye mesh screens, fine sand filter；
5) sea water after addition step 4) processes in nursery pond is to 1.3m, and regulation proportion is 1.019～1.021, and pH value is
8.2～8.5, dissolved oxygen amount is 5.0～5.5mg/ml；
6) disodiumedetate 5.0ppm, fluorspar powder 10.0 ppm, ionized calcium 1.5ppm are thrown in；
Step 3, the healthy of prawn parent are cultivated and breeding:
1) foundation in parent shrimp rearing pond: parent shrimp rearing pond length 6 meters, wide 5 meters, high 1 meter, 30 m2, 12 parent shrimp rearing ponds are one
Workshop；
2) selection of parent shrimp: select to meet the Penaeus vannamei parent of specific pathogen free standard through inspection and quarantine, male shrimp specification is
45 grams, female shrimp specification is 40 grams；
3) the healthy cultivation of parent shrimp:
1. parent shrimp rearing pond adds treated clean water quality, depth of water 50cm；
2. the bioelectric detecting management of water quality: inoculation Skeletonema Costatum 1 × 10 first2Cfu/ml～2 × 102Cfu/ml, hay spore
Bacillus 100 × 104Cfu/ml～125 × 104Cfu/ml, nitrosation bacillus 30 × 104Cfu/ml～45 × 104cfu/ml；Every
Within 3 days, throw in 1 time；
3. the throwing something and feeding of feedstuff: by clam worm: shellfish meat: the weight ratio of special parent's shrimp man-made feeds is that 3:2:1 throws in；Four times a day, every day
Throw something and feed by parent's shrimp gross weight 45%；
4. illumination and the regulation and control of physical and chemical factor: control intensity of illumination be 4000～4500 Lx, temperature 26～28 DEG C, pH value 8.2～
8.5, proportion 1.018～1.022；
4) pairing of parent shrimp is bred:
1. individual female male parent shrimp big, that gonad is fully ripe is selected to carry out pairing copulation in copulation pond, male and female parent in copulation pond
Shrimp ratio is 1:3；
2. the temperature in copulation pond keeps 26～27 DEG C, and spawning pond temperature keeps 27～28 DEG C；
3. when mating the parent shrimps rate less than 35%, the unsuitable spawning and hatching of the close shrimp of this batch, it is not used in nursery；
5) hatching of germ cell:
1) select that ovum grain is full, germ cell that not damaged or no-sundries adhere to；
2) germ cell is hatched after 1.5ppm iodine liquid disinfectant 10min；
3) hatching density is 80～1,000,000/m3；
Step 4, the input of healthy nauplius:
1) nauplius hatched is after testing without band specific pathogen, it is ensured that the nauplius of use is healthy and safe；
2) nauplius that individual big, energetic, not damaged or no-sundries adhere to is selected；
3) nauplius is with after 2.0ppm crystalline substance iodine solution sterilization 10min, puts into nursery pond；
4) breeding density is 15.0～20.0 ten thousand/m3；
Step 5, the outfit of nursery bait:
1) cultivation of Skeletonema Costatum: extract from sea water and conservation in algae kind room, need to be inoculated into according to production closed
Algae culturing system carries out productivity cultivation, throws something and feeds for zoea；
2) artitificial food: directly buy artifical compound feed from feedstuff shop, throw something and feed for whole process；
3) cultivation of SS type wheel animalcule: inoculating SS type wheel animalcule in closed wheel animalcule culture systems, the inoculation quantity of SS type wheel animalcule is
10～20/ml；Throwing something and feeding every day 4 times, the Spirulina powder 5ppm that every time throws something and feeds, marine yeast 3ppm, EM bacterium 10ppm, for acanthosoma
Germling is thrown something and fed；
4) hatching of artemia larvae: buied canned artemia cysts by feedstuff shop, soaks 20 points with 50ppm chlorine dioxide during hatching
Clock, cleans up to put in hatching barrel and hatches, and 3ppm disinfection by chlorine dioxide is used in hatching, within general 24 hours, can hatch nauplius,
Throw something and feed for post larval germling；
Step 6, the bioelectric detecting management of nursery water quality:
1) probiotics, the screening of useful algae and directive breeding:
Screen useful algae Skeletonema Costatum, extract from sea water and in algae kind room, carry out one-level conservation and two grades of amplification culture,
Need to be inoculated into closed algae culturing system according to production and carry out productivity cultivation；Skeletonema Costatum is introduced a fine variety nursery pond
In, inoculum density is 3 × 103Individual/l, directive breeding becomes dominant population；Screen bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, nitrous simultaneously
Change bacillus, access in nursery pond in strain room by fermentation, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, the inoculum density of nitrosation bacillus
It is respectively 3 × 104cfu/l、6×104Cfu/l and 125 × 104cfu/l；
2) the building and to cultivation water environment and the control of disease of probiotics and useful algae dominant population system:
In early stage, mid-term and the later stage of prawn seed-rearing, build probiotics and useful algae dominant population system, make Skeletonema Costatum
Concentration is maintained at 4 × 106Individual/l～16 × 106Individual/l, the concentration of bacillus subtilis is 8 × 108～10 × 108Cfu/l, breast
The concentration of acid bacterium is 3 × 106～5 × 106Cfu/l, the concentration of nitrosation bacillus is 6 × 106～8 × 108cfu/l；
3) rain after, cold air arrive or strong wind weather need to throw in platinum combination compound vitamin 1.0ppm, prevent stress with change
Good water quality；
4) do not change sea water before mysis larva, only add a small amount of fresh water regulation salinity；According to change of water quality feelings after post larval germling
Condition carries out changing water, and each quantity of exchanged water is 20～30cm, throws in platinum combination compound vitamin 0.6ppm and second two after changing water immediately
Amine tetraacethyl disodium 1.5ppm；
The control management of step 7, temperature, light and other physical and chemical factors:
1) control of temperature:
Under nauplius, during pond, temperature controls at 29 DEG C, and later every day raises 0.5 DEG C, until 32 DEG C and keep stable；
2) illumination controls:
Controlling intensity of illumination by skylight and side window sunshade net, controlling intensity of illumination under nauplius during pond is 500～800Lx,
Improving 100Lx every day, the final intensity of illumination that controls is 2000～2500Lx later；
3) control of other physical and chemical factors:
Proportion is adjusted to during pond under nauplius 1.019～1.021, during zoea 1.018～1.020, during mysis
1.016～1.018, during young shrimp germling first day 1.014～1.016；Afterwards according to the reconditioning nursery pond of ratio putting Seedling pond water
Proportion, but it is noted that regulate proportion every day not can exceed that 1.002；
PH value is maintained at 8.2～8.5, combines microorganism regulation and control quick lime and be watered and sprinkle regulation and control time on the low side；
Dissolved oxygen amount controls 5.5～6.5mg/ml；Use aerator continuous charge, be gradually increased to post larval from nauplius stage；
Ammonia-nitrogen content controls 0.50～1.50mg/l；
Content of nitrite controls 0.015～0.065mg/l；
Step 8, bait feeding manage:
Throw in nauplius in 24 hours, with self egg yolk as nutrition, abnormal for throw something and feed after zoea Skeletonema Costatum and
Artifical compound feed, throws something and feeds 6 every day；
It is mysis that zoea cultivated metamorphosis through 4 days, starts throw something and feed SS type wheel animalcule and artifical compound feed；
It is young shrimp that mysis cultivated metamorphosis through 3-4 days, starts throw something and feed artemia larvae and artifical compound feed；
Young shrimp 6～can grow for 7 days to 0.8～1.0cm, sale of can emerging；
Step 9, the pond that goes out of shrimp Seedling are sold:
1) whole nursery stage was cultivated through 15～16 days, and shrimp Seedling typically can reach 0.8～1.0cm, now can emerge；
2) progressively regulate the proportion of nursery pond water body before emerging according to the proportion putting water body in a suitable place to breed, regulate salinity difference every day and be less than
1.002, when emerging, the proportion of nursery pond water body and the difference in specific gravity putting water body in a suitable place to breed are less than 1.004；
3) emerge first 2 hours sufficient fairy shrimp of throwing something and feeding；
4) emerging and throw platinum combination compound vitamin 1ppm with water, preventing stress.
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