CN106386611A - High-yield method for breeding freshwater shrimps in greenhouse in winter - Google Patents
High-yield method for breeding freshwater shrimps in greenhouse in winter Download PDFInfo
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- CN106386611A CN106386611A CN201610971590.1A CN201610971590A CN106386611A CN 106386611 A CN106386611 A CN 106386611A CN 201610971590 A CN201610971590 A CN 201610971590A CN 106386611 A CN106386611 A CN 106386611A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-yield method for breeding freshwater shrimps in a greenhouse in winter, belongs to the field of aquaculture, and relates to winter breeding biology of the freshwater shrimps and a high-yielding breeding method in the greenhouse. The high-yield method for breeding freshwater shrimps in a greenhouse in winter includes the following water environment control and feeding management techniques: constructing the plastic greenhouse above a freshwater shrimp breeding pond; cultivating aquatic plants in the breeding pond to optimize water quality; putting young freshwater shrimps in the pond at appropriate time; constructing an aeration system for continually oxygenating; pouring pellet feed in the pond and adding chilled fish blocks; catching the big freshwater shrimps and leaving the small freshwater shrimps in the pond to be bred. It solves such technical problems that the freshwater shrimps are rarely grown in winter, the specifications of the products are small and the proportion of the big freshwater shrimps is small. The method and the techniques are feasible. By taking the advantages of the temperature increasing and thermal insulation properties of the sunlight aquatic greenhouse, the growth temperature-adaptation period is prolonged, and the use efficiency of idle winter greenhouses is improved. The techniques are firstly put forward in the field of domestic freshwater shrimp farming, are convenient to use for aquaculture enterprises and farmers, and have broad prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the winter aquaculture organism of pond crayfish class and high-yield cultivation method, more particularly to freshwater shrimp winter booth
The water environmental control of high yielding culture and feed administrative skill.
Background technology
Freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponense), belongs to Arthropoda, Crustachia, Decapoda, Palaemonidae, natural pond
Shrimp belongs to.Scientific name Macrobrachium nipponensis, is commonly called as river prawn, lake shrimp, is one of China's topmost economic freshwater shrimps, its individuality is larger,
The distributed pole of China is wide, is the important freshwater aquiculture shrimps of China.Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, lake
The ground such as north, Sichuan, Hebei, Henan, Shandong are all distributed.It extensively move in fresh water lake, river, pond, in natural pond, Yangtze River Delta Area with
The freshwater shrimp that Jiangsu Taihu Lake, Microcystins in The Dianshan Lake are produced is most notable.Freshwater shrimp likes to inhabit rivers, lake, pond, irrigation canals and ditches bank phytal zone
Or in the unhurried current grown thickly of pasture and water, dormancy on daytime, in shady place, nocturnalism, is often climbed on water-bed, pasture and water and other objects and is climbed
OK.Due to the destruction of natural habitat, overfishing, electrical network is fished for and medication is fished for etc., and destructiveness excessively fishes, natural money
Source slump of disastrous proportions, germ plasm resource is subject to heavy damage；
Because of its fine and tender taste, delicious flavour, nutritious.Recent two decades come, and China's shrimp culture is developed rapidly, cultivation ground
Domain extends to all parts of the country, more than 20 ten thousand tons of shrimp culture annual production from main producing region, but also is increasing year by year.But with cultivation rule
The continuous expansion of mould, the continuous improvement of intensive degree, freshwater shrimp seed demand is increasing, many plants all from numerous self-fertile,
Because effective cultured population quantity is little, the specification of close shrimp is little, by breeding water body inbred obtain shrimp seedling, cause economic characters and
Kind serious degradation phenomenon, the such as speed of growth significantly slows down, and cultivation commercial sized prawn specification is less and less, and listing rate reduces, degeneration-resistant energy
Power is weak, and resistance against diseases reduces, and disease increases, and sexal maturity is done sth. in advance, and individuality diminishes, and culture benefit glides year by year.Become freshwater shrimp to support
Grow the bottleneck of industry, seriously constrain the development of shrimp culture industry.
Line retrieval is entered for keyword with " freshwater shrimp ", has 338 related invention patent disclosure；Invention mandate has 22；Practical
New have 32；Appearance design has 2.Retrieval result with " shrimp culture " as keyword is：Invention Announce has 17；Invention
Mandate has 5；Utility model has 3.The title of 17 Invention Announces is：A kind of blue or green Chinese medicine composition used for shrimp feed；High yield is blue or green
Shrimp aquaculture method；A kind of freshwater shrimp composite immune reinforcing agent and its application；A kind of shrimp culture culture medium；A kind of health of freshwater shrimp
High yielding culture pond；A kind of feeding method of freshwater shrimp；A kind of freshwater shrimp and the ecological cultivation method of oenanthe stolonifera crop rotation；One kind utilizes freshwater shrimp
The method of pool bed mud rice cultivation；Freshwater shrimp, hydrilla verticillata continuous cropping ecological cultivation method；Freshwater shrimp and river crab double main farming method；No public
Evil fresh water shrimp culture method；A kind of artificial shrimp nest of freshwater shrimp；A kind of comprehensive utilization pasture and water and the fresh water shrimp culture method of artificial shrimp nest；One
Plant environmentally-friendly pond culture method for freshwater shrimps；A kind of fresh water shrimp culture method；A kind of cultivation method for enhancing of freshwater shrimp seed shrimp；Improve
The method of black shrimp culture commodity rate.Obtain the patent of invention authorizing to include：A kind of cultural method of freshwater shrimp；A kind of foster for freshwater shrimp
Dwell food organisms culture medium and its using method in the bottom grown；A kind of comprehensive breeding method for macrobrachium nipponensis；A kind of freshwater shrimp parent's safe overwintering
Method；A kind of black shrimp intraspecific hybridization method.It follows that current shrimp culture Patents also ratio is sparser, high yield
Efficient shrimp culture technology still lacks, and has innovative space, and new technology is expected to obtain independent intellectual property right；
The freshwater shrimp of conventional cultivation at present, after October, water temperature progressively declines, and growth is progressively slow, stagnate even inverse growth, leads
Cause large quantities of freshwater shrimp specifications around the Spring Festival little it is impossible to reach the market demands of big standard commodities freshwater shrimp, so the little price of freshwater shrimp specification
Low, culture benefit is low, for promoting freshwater shrimp winter growth, improves commercial sized prawn ratio, and the booth that effectively utilizes winter leaves unused improves
Culture benefit, we have developed a kind of method of winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp.
Content of the invention
The invention aims to overcoming the freshwater shrimp winter growth that above-mentioned existing cultural method causes few, commercial specification
Little, the problems such as big specification individuality ratio is few, on the biology with freshwater shrimp, behaviouristics and Ecological Basis, not busy using winter
The booth put, by the improvement to existing cultural method, takes serial effective technology measure, is freshwater shrimp winter growth, advises for big
The production of lattice commodity freshwater shrimp provides technical method guarantee, improves the ratio of big standard commodities freshwater shrimp, is not in season in severe winter simultaneously
Section, water freezes, the close shrimp phenomenon dead because of anoxia asphyxia；Can also be used for the safe and efficient of freshwater shrimp to survive the winter；Recover idle to survive the winter
The value of greenhouse facility, extends the cultivation phase, improves culture benefit.
A kind of method of winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp, including following feature：Plastics are built on shrimp culture pond
Booth, cultivating pool cultivate pasture and water optimizing water quality, increase in good time or proceed to freshwater shrimp, build aeration system guarantee to continue on demand
Oxygenation, feed pellet and add chilled fish block and catch and stay greatly these sport technique segments little.
A kind of method of described winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp is it is characterised in that include：
（1）The selection in winter canopy pond：Selected shape comparison rule, has abundant water resources, and water quality is good, and irrigation and drainage facilitate controlled, at the bottom of pond silt
Mud is few, free of contamination pond, and pond area elects 1-30 mu, depth of water 0.5-3.0 rice as；
（2）The process in winter canopy pond：
1. booth thermal insulation：9th, plastic sheeting aquatic products warmhouse booth, 1-3 layer galvanized steel are built on shrimp culture pond during October
Cord and/or booth pipe support, and complete for cultivating pool pond is covered, windproof heat with warming；
2. medicine is cleaned up the pond：Eliminate Pond Silt, killed using Medicines in Aquaculture and in pond, endanger the pathogen of freshwater shrimp, parasite, each
Plant wild fishes and other harmful organisms, it is to avoid the normal growth because of harm influence freshwater shrimp develops the growing environment it is ensured that good；Often
Medicine of cleaning up the pond has quick lime, bleaching powder；
3. build aeration system：Build the pipe-line system of blowing aeration, including perforated pipe bottom aeration system and/or nanotube oxygenation
System and/or Bubbled stone Aeration system are it is ensured that Wintering Period runs well it is ensured that continuing oxygenation on demand；
4. plant grass：In cultivating pool plantation and/or propagation water plant, the water plant of plantation includes emergent aquactic plant and/or sinks
Water plant and/or floating plant, emergent aquactic plant spacing 1.0-10.0 rice, submerged plant spacing 0.5-5.0 rice, floating plant accounts for foster
Grow the 2-30% of region area；The planting aquatic plants time, for, before putting freshwater shrimp in a suitable place to breed, strengthening cultivating pool water purification ability, optimizes water
Matter, builds and/or optimizes habitat；
（3）Cultivation prophase management：
1. silk cover filtering adds water：Clean up the pond one week when adding water in backward pond, set the close net filtration of bolting silk in water inlet, to prevent from opposing
Evil is biological to be entered, and the pond depth of water should be 1.0-3.0 rice；
2. freshwater shrimp throws seedling：After adding water one week, whether detection cultivating pool water body can poison freshwater shrimp, guaranteeing freshwater shrimp small dimension seed
Safety, put freshwater shrimp in a suitable place to breed, specification be 2000-6000 tail/kilogram, put 2.5-18 kilogram in a suitable place to breed for every mu；
3. put in a suitable place to breed the time：9th, October puts in a suitable place to breed successively, 11, December suitably supplementary according to cultivation density, note when putting in a suitable place to breed putting in a suitable place to breed
The temperature difference in front and back is less than 3-5 DEG C；
（4）Cultivation period management：
1. the booth cultivation phase：Start to April in next year to terminate from September in the Yangtze river basin, promote freshwater shrimp winter growth, improve cultivation rule
Lattice, yield and benefit；
2. feeding management：Daily feed is suitably fed according to the food situation of water temperature and freshwater shrimp, with particulate material and the collocation of chilled fish
Feed, after feeding intake, 2-3 hour checks that bait can be eaten up, as the normative reference feeding quantity for second day；
3. oxygenation management：Continue oxygenation it is ensured that water body dissolved oxygen is sufficient, easily haze in winter booth, in bright day gas, open
Open part booth 1-5 hour, promote ventilation；
4. regulating and controlling water quality：Progressively add water, note keeping the depth of water, fertilizer degree, dissolved oxygen sufficient, carry out anti-pollution and purification work；
Water should have certain fertile degree, and transparency controls in 0.30-0.45 rice, as too clear in water, every first quarter moon periodically using inorganic fertilizer and/
Or microorganism formulation full pool spilling head, promote zooplankter propagation, culture planktonic organism provides fresh food for freshwater shrimp；
5. diseases prevention is processed：Main prevention balantidiasis and fin rot, kill a cilium only with cilium in every 25-30 days during cultivation
Worm, is prevented once with routine disinfection agent such as BCDMH；
（5）Harvesting method：Cage receives shrimp, catches and stays greatly little, the ratio of the big standard commodities freshwater shrimp of statistics.
A kind of method of described winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp is it is characterised in that described cultivation is supporting in booth
Grow, water temperature in winter is above 10-12 DEG C, suitably feed the cooperation of high-quality full price all in accordance with water temperature condition daily in winter booth and raise
Material, every morning and afternoon respectively feed 1 time, and whole day feeding volume is the 1.0-2.5 of shrimp body weight, feeds the chilled fish of a meal every other day
Block.
A kind of method of described winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp is it is characterised in that described oxygenation management refers to daily 24
, it is ensured that dissolved oxygen is sufficient, under the conditions of preventing anoxic from raising the nose above water to breathe, specification freshwater shrimp greatly is preferentially dead, reduces damage for the constant blowing aeration of hour
Lose, improve big standard commodities shrimp ratio.
A kind of method of described winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp is it is characterised in that described high-quality perfect compound feed is
The perfect compound feed that crude protein content is less than 37%, feeds chilled fish block every other day and supplements animal protein demand.
A kind of method of described winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp is it is characterised in that described big standard commodities freshwater shrimp is complete
The long individuality more than 5 centimetres, in colony, ratio reaches more than 50%, overcomes the cultivation problem that small dimension freshwater shrimp is excessive.
Advantages of the present invention and beneficial effect include：
（1）Using hot house covering and heat insulating, the radiant heat of Optimum utilization underground heat and the sun improves the water temperature in booth pond, promotees
Enter freshwater shrimp winter growth, extend the cultivation phase of freshwater shrimp, strengthen growth performance, be conducive to improving the commercial specification of freshwater shrimp；
（2）Continue microbubble oxygenation in breeding process, maintain the high dissolved oxygen state of breeding water body, it is to avoid relatively large individuality freshwater shrimp
Dead in advance, improve the survival rate of shrimp culture and the ratio of commercial sized prawn, big standard commodities shrimp ratio is up to more than 50%；
（3）Focus on regulating and controlling water quality, application high-quality feed and ecological culturex in breeding process, keep the good characteristic of water body,
Be conducive to improving agroecological environment and ecological benefits；Cultivate pasture and water and be conducive to safeguarding excellent water environment, and the shelling for freshwater shrimp
Hidden and habitat is provided, pond culture facility and space time are more fully applied, improve the freshwater shrimp shelling phase
Survival rate；
（4）Add fish block in breeding process, be conducive to providing the nutrition of more balance for freshwater shrimp, promote freshwater shrimp growth, improve business
The specification of product shrimp.
A kind of winter booth high-yield cultivation method of suitable freshwater shrimp Ecology proposed by the present invention, using booth
Insulation heats characteristic, improves water temperature in winter, promotes freshwater shrimp winter growth, extends the growth period of freshwater shrimp, improves big standard commodities
Freshwater shrimp ratio；The survival rate in freshwater shrimp winter can be improved to large extent, more than 90% can be reached；Can be the guarantor of freshwater shrimp excellent strain
Plant and survive the winter, offer reliable guarantee, abundant freshwater shrimp industrial technology intension are provided ahead of time, promote China's shrimp culture industry healthy and can hold
Supervention exhibition.
Specific embodiment
Further the present invention is elaborated below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp, including following feature：On shrimp culture pond build hot house,
Cultivate pasture and water optimizing water quality, increase in good time or proceed to freshwater shrimp, build the lasting oxygenation of aeration system, feed particle in cultivating pool
Feed simultaneously adds chilled fish block and catches and stay greatly these sport technique segments little.
A kind of method of described winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp is it is characterised in that include：
（1）The selection in winter canopy pond：Selected shape comparison rule, has abundant water resources, and water quality is good, and irrigation and drainage facilitate controlled, at the bottom of pond silt
Mud is few, free of contamination pond, and pond area elects 1-30 mu, depth of water 0.5-3.0 rice as；
（2）The process in winter canopy pond：
1. booth thermal insulation：9th, plastic sheeting aquatic products warmhouse booth, 1-3 layer galvanized steel are built on shrimp culture pond during October
Cord and/or booth pipe support, and complete for cultivating pool pond is covered, windproof heat with warming；
2. medicine is cleaned up the pond：Eliminate Pond Silt, killed using Medicines in Aquaculture and in pond, endanger the pathogen of freshwater shrimp, parasite, each
Plant wild fishes and other harmful organisms, it is to avoid the normal growth because of harm influence freshwater shrimp develops the growing environment it is ensured that good；Often
Medicine of cleaning up the pond has quick lime, bleaching powder；
3. build aeration system：Build the pipe-line system of blowing aeration, including perforated pipe bottom aeration system and/or nanotube oxygenation
System and/or Bubbled stone Aeration system are it is ensured that Wintering Period runs well it is ensured that thorn continues oxygenation on demand；
4. plant grass：In cultivating pool plantation and/or propagation water plant, the water plant of plantation includes emergent aquactic plant and/or sinks
Water plant and/or floating plant, emergent aquactic plant spacing 1.0-10.0 rice, submerged plant spacing 0.5-5.0 rice, floating plant accounts for foster
Grow the 2-30% of region area；The planting aquatic plants time, for, before putting freshwater shrimp in a suitable place to breed, strengthening cultivating pool water purification ability, optimizes water
Matter, builds and/or optimizes habitat；
（3）Cultivation prophase management：
1. silk cover filtering adds water：Clean up the pond one week when adding water in backward pond, set the close net filtration of bolting silk in water inlet, to prevent from opposing
Evil is biological to be entered, and the pond depth of water should be 1.0-3.0 rice；
2. freshwater shrimp throws seedling：After adding water one week, whether detection cultivating pool water body can poison freshwater shrimp, guaranteeing freshwater shrimp small dimension seed
Safety, put freshwater shrimp in a suitable place to breed, specification be 2000-6000 tail/kilogram, put 2.5-18 kilogram in a suitable place to breed for every mu；
3. put in a suitable place to breed the time：9th, October puts in a suitable place to breed successively, 11, December suitably supplementary according to cultivation density, note when putting in a suitable place to breed putting in a suitable place to breed
The temperature difference in front and back is less than 3-5 DEG C；
（4）Cultivation period management：
1. the booth cultivation phase：Start to April in next year to terminate from September in the Yangtze river basin, promote freshwater shrimp winter growth, improve cultivation rule
Lattice, yield and benefit；
2. feeding management：Daily feed is suitably fed according to the food situation of water temperature and freshwater shrimp, with particulate material and the collocation of chilled fish
Feed, after feeding intake, 2-3 hour checks that bait can be eaten up, as the normative reference feeding quantity for second day；
3. oxygenation management：Continue oxygenation it is ensured that water body dissolved oxygen is sufficient, easily haze in winter booth, in bright day gas, open
Open part booth 1-5 hour, promote ventilation；
4. regulating and controlling water quality：Progressively add water, note keeping the depth of water, fertilizer degree, dissolved oxygen sufficient, carry out anti-pollution and purification work；
Water should have certain fertile degree, and transparency controls in 0.30-0.45 rice, as too clear in water, every first quarter moon periodically using inorganic fertilizer and/
Or microorganism formulation full pool spilling head, promote zooplankter propagation, culture planktonic organism provides fresh food for freshwater shrimp；
5. diseases prevention is processed：Main prevention balantidiasis and fin rot, kill a cilium only with cilium in every 25-30 days during cultivation
Worm, is prevented once with routine disinfection agent such as BCDMH；
（5）Harvesting method：Cage receives shrimp, catches and stays greatly little, the ratio of the big standard commodities freshwater shrimp of statistics.
A kind of method of described winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp is it is characterised in that described cultivation is supporting in booth
Grow, water temperature in winter is above 10-12 DEG C, suitably feed the cooperation of high-quality full price all in accordance with water temperature condition daily in winter booth and raise
Material, every morning and afternoon respectively feed 1 time, and whole day feeding volume is the 1.0-2.5 of shrimp body weight, feeds the chilled fish of a meal every other day
Block.
A kind of method of described winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp is it is characterised in that described oxygenation management refers to daily 24
, it is ensured that dissolved oxygen is sufficient, under the conditions of preventing anoxic from raising the nose above water to breathe, specification freshwater shrimp greatly is preferentially dead, reduces damage for the constant blowing aeration of hour
Lose, improve big standard commodities shrimp ratio.
A kind of method of described winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp is it is characterised in that described high-quality perfect compound feed is
The perfect compound feed that crude protein content is less than 37%, feeds chilled fish block every other day and supplements animal protein demand.
A kind of method of described winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp is it is characterised in that described big standard commodities freshwater shrimp is complete
The long individuality more than 5cm, in colony, ratio reaches more than 50%, overcomes the cultivation problem that small dimension freshwater shrimp is excessive.
Embodiment 2
（1）The selection in winter canopy pond：Selected shape comparison rule, has abundant water resources, and water quality is good, and irrigation and drainage facilitate controlled, at the bottom of pond silt
Mud is few, free of contamination pond, and pond area elects 6 mu as, can accommodate depth of water 1.2-1.8 rice；
（2）The process in winter canopy pond：
1. booth thermal insulation：Plastic sheeting aquatic products warmhouse booth built on pond, 3 layers of galvanized steel wire rope and/or big during September 20 days
Canopy pipe supports, and complete for cultivating pool pond is covered；
2. medicine is cleaned up the pond：Eliminate Pond Silt, kill pathogen, parasite and the various open country endangering freshwater shrimp in pond using medicine
Trash fish and other harmful organisms, it is to avoid the normal growth because of harm influence freshwater shrimp develops the growing environment it is ensured that good；Conventional
Medicine of cleaning up the pond has quick lime, bleaching powder；
3. build aeration system：Build the pipe-line system of blowing aeration, including perforated pipe bottom aeration system and/or nanotube oxygenation
System and/or Bubbled stone Aeration system are it is ensured that Wintering Period runs well it is ensured that oxygenation on demand；
4. plant grass：In cultivating pool plantation and/or propagation water plant, planting aquatic plants include emergent aquactic plant and/or heavy water
Plant and/or floating plant, 2.0 meters of emergent aquactic plant spacing, 2.5 meters of submerged plant spacing, floating plant accounts for culturing area area
15%；The planting aquatic plants time, for, before putting freshwater shrimp in a suitable place to breed, strengthening cultivating pool water purification ability, builds and/or optimizes and perch ring
Border；
（3）Cultivation prophase management：
1. silk cover filtering adds water：Clean up the pond one week when adding water in backward pond, set the close net filtration of bolting silk in water inlet, to prevent from opposing
Evil is biological to be entered, and the pond depth of water should be 1.0-1.5 rice；
2. freshwater shrimp throws seedling：After adding water one week, whether detection cultivating pool water body poisons freshwater shrimp, is guaranteeing freshwater shrimp small dimension seed peace
In the case of complete, put freshwater shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed, specification be 5000 tails/kilogram, put 4.5 kilograms in a suitable place to breed for every mu；
3. put in a suitable place to breed the time：9th, October puts in a suitable place to breed successively, 11, December suitably supplementary according to cultivation density, note when putting in a suitable place to breed putting in a suitable place to breed
The temperature difference in front and back is less than 3 DEG C；
（4）Cultivation period management：
1. the booth cultivation phase：Terminate from April in October to next year；
2. feeding management：Particulate material and the collocation of chilled fish, suitably feed feed according to the food situation of water temperature and freshwater shrimp, after feeding intake
2-3 hour checks whether bait is eaten up, as the normative reference feeding quantity for second day；
3. oxygenation management：Continue oxygenation on demand it is ensured that water body dissolved oxygen is sufficient, easily haze in winter booth, in bright day gas
In, open section booth 1-2 hour, promote ventilation；
4. regulating and controlling water quality：Progressively add water, note keeping the depth of water, fertilizer degree, dissolved oxygen sufficient, carry out anti-pollution, anti-harmful animal work；
Water should have certain fertile degree, and transparency controls at 0.40 meter, as too clear in water, every first quarter moon periodically using inorganic fertilizer and/or micro-
Biologic product full pool spilling head, promotes zooplankter propagation, and culture planktonic organism provides fresh food for freshwater shrimp；
5. diseases prevention is processed：Main prevention balantidiasis and fin rot, kill an infusorian only with cilium in every 28 days during cultivation,
Prevented once with routine disinfection agent such as BCDMH；
（5）Cultivation result：
The 2-3 last ten-days period month in 2016 all fish for sale, and at the end of survive the winter by the end of April, overwintering survival rate is 90.7%, and single batch converts into
98 kilograms of per mu yield.Improve freshwater shrimp industry cultural technique ability, realize the recycling of idle booth of surviving the winter, increase to promoting fishery
Effect, fisherman's increased income are of great advantage.
Above example only illustrates the freshwater shrimp winter booth cultural method that the present invention is set up, it is not limited to this, water
Produce cultivation industry to carry out freshwater shrimp booth cultivation, survive the winter, and whether freshwater shrimp seed derives from the accommodation in the pond of plastic house etc.
Process, within protection scope of the present invention, protection domain is not subject to the concrete restriction of embodiment yet.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method of winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp, including following feature：Plastics are built on shrimp culture pond big
Canopy, cultivate pasture and water optimizing water quality, increase in good time or proceed to freshwater shrimp, build aeration system guarantee persistently to increase in cultivating pool
Oxygen, feed pellet and add chilled fish block and catch and stay greatly these sport technique segments little.
2. a kind of method of winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that include：
（1）The selection in winter canopy pond：Selected shape comparison rule, has abundant water resources, and water quality is good, and irrigation and drainage facilitate controlled, at the bottom of pond silt
Mud is few, free of contamination pond, and pond area elects 1-30 mu, depth of water 0.5-3.0 rice as；
（2）The process in winter canopy pond：
1. booth thermal insulation：9th, plastic sheeting aquatic products warmhouse booth, 1-3 layer galvanized steel are built on shrimp culture pond during October
Cord and/or booth pipe support, and complete for cultivating pool pond is covered, windproof heat with warming；
2. medicine is cleaned up the pond：Eliminate Pond Silt, killed using Medicines in Aquaculture and in pond, endanger the pathogen of freshwater shrimp, parasite, each
Plant wild fishes and other harmful organisms, it is to avoid the normal growth because of harm influence freshwater shrimp develops the growing environment it is ensured that good；Often
Medicine of cleaning up the pond has quick lime, bleaching powder；
3. build aeration system：Build the pipe-line system of blowing aeration, including perforated pipe bottom aeration system and/or nanotube oxygenation
System and/or Bubbled stone Aeration system are it is ensured that Wintering Period runs well to guarantee to continue oxygenation on demand；
4. plant grass：In cultivating pool plantation and/or propagation water plant, the water plant of plantation includes emergent aquactic plant and/or sinks
Water plant and/or floating plant, emergent aquactic plant spacing 1.0-10.0 rice, submerged plant spacing 0.5-5.0 rice, floating plant accounts for foster
Grow the 2-30% of region area；The planting aquatic plants time, for, before putting freshwater shrimp in a suitable place to breed, strengthening cultivating pool water purification ability, optimizes water
Matter, builds and/or optimizes habitat；
（3）Cultivation prophase management：
1. silk cover filtering adds water：Clean up the pond one week when adding water in backward pond, set the close net filtration of bolting silk in water inlet, to prevent from opposing
Evil is biological to be entered, and the pond depth of water should be 1.0-3.0 rice；
2. freshwater shrimp throws seedling：After adding water one week, whether detection cultivating pool water body can poison freshwater shrimp, guaranteeing freshwater shrimp small dimension seed
Safety, put freshwater shrimp in a suitable place to breed, specification be 2000-6000 tail/kilogram, put 2.5-18 kilogram in a suitable place to breed for every mu；
3. put in a suitable place to breed the time：9th, October puts in a suitable place to breed successively, 11, December suitably supplementary according to cultivation density, note when putting in a suitable place to breed putting in a suitable place to breed
The temperature difference in front and back is less than 3-5 DEG C；
（4）Cultivation period management：
1. the booth cultivation phase：Start to April in next year to terminate from September in the Yangtze river basin, promote freshwater shrimp winter growth, improve cultivation rule
Lattice, yield and benefit；
2. feeding management：Daily feed is suitably fed according to the food situation of water temperature and freshwater shrimp, with particulate material and the collocation of chilled fish
Feed, after feeding intake, 2-3 hour checks that bait can be eaten up, as the normative reference feeding quantity for second day；
3. oxygenation management：Continue oxygenation it is ensured that water body dissolved oxygen is sufficient, easily haze in winter booth, in bright day gas, open
Open part booth 1-5 hour, promote ventilation；
4. regulating and controlling water quality：Progressively add water, note keeping the depth of water, fertilizer degree, dissolved oxygen sufficient, carry out anti-pollution and purification work；
Water should have certain fertile degree, and transparency controls in 0.30-0.45 rice, as too clear in water, every first quarter moon periodically using inorganic fertilizer and/
Or microorganism formulation full pool spilling head, promote zooplankter propagation, culture planktonic organism provides fresh food for freshwater shrimp；
5. diseases prevention is processed：Main prevention balantidiasis and fin rot, kill a cilium only with cilium in every 25-30 days during cultivation
Worm, is prevented once with routine disinfection agent such as BCDMH；
（5）Harvesting method：Cage receives shrimp, catches and stays greatly little, the ratio of the big standard commodities freshwater shrimp of statistics.
3. a kind of method of winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described cultivation is
Cultivation in booth, water temperature in winter is above 10-12 DEG C, suitably feeds high-quality all in accordance with water temperature condition daily in winter booth
Respectively feed in perfect compound feed, every morning and afternoon 1 time, whole day feeding volume is the 1.0-2.5 of shrimp body weight, feeds one every other day
Eat chilled fish block.
4. a kind of method of winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described oxygenation pipe
Reason refers to daily 24 hours constant blowing aerations it is ensured that dissolved oxygen is sufficient, and under the conditions of preventing anoxic from raising the nose above water to breathe, specification freshwater shrimp greatly is excellent
First dead, reduce loss, improve big standard commodities shrimp ratio.
5. a kind of method of winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described high-quality is complete
Valency mixed feed is less than 37% perfect compound feed for crude protein content, and feeding the supplementary animal protein of chilled fish block every other day needs
Ask.
6. a kind of method of winter booth high yielding culture freshwater shrimp according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described big specification
Commodity freshwater shrimp is the individuality that total length is more than 5 centimetres, and in colony, ratio reaches more than 50%, overcomes excessive the supporting of small dimension freshwater shrimp
Grow problem.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107581125A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-16 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of method that freshwater shrimp delicious meat degree is improved using LED |
| CN107711647A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-02-23 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | Cray anti-season cultural method |
| CN107821262A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-23 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | Cray winter cultural method |
| CN108142336A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-06-12 | 祝才盈 | The overwintering a kind of temporarily foster method of mud crab |
| CN108834977A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-11-20 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | A kind of method of winter cultivation freshwater shrimp |
| CN110663610A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-10 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Industrialized early breeding method and system for red swamp crayfish |
| CN110771543A (en) * | 2018-07-14 | 2020-02-11 | 龙海市顺源水产科技有限公司 | Litopenaeus vannamei high-density culture method based on multistage biological self-regulation system |
| CN111642432A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-09-11 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Method for in-situ breeding of red swamp crayfish in rice field planting area in slack winter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107581125A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-16 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of method that freshwater shrimp delicious meat degree is improved using LED |
| CN107711647A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-02-23 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | Cray anti-season cultural method |
| CN107821262A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-23 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | Cray winter cultural method |
| CN108142336A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-06-12 | 祝才盈 | The overwintering a kind of temporarily foster method of mud crab |
| CN110771543A (en) * | 2018-07-14 | 2020-02-11 | 龙海市顺源水产科技有限公司 | Litopenaeus vannamei high-density culture method based on multistage biological self-regulation system |
| CN108834977A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-11-20 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | A kind of method of winter cultivation freshwater shrimp |
| CN110663610A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-10 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Industrialized early breeding method and system for red swamp crayfish |
| CN110663610B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2023-08-15 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Industrial early propagation method and system for red swamp crayfish |
| CN111642432A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-09-11 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Method for in-situ breeding of red swamp crayfish in rice field planting area in slack winter |
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