CN105900932B - A kind of method of efficient breeding radish aphid - Google Patents
A kind of method of efficient breeding radish aphid Download PDFInfo
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- CN105900932B CN105900932B CN201610304036.8A CN201610304036A CN105900932B CN 105900932 B CN105900932 B CN 105900932B CN 201610304036 A CN201610304036 A CN 201610304036A CN 105900932 B CN105900932 B CN 105900932B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of efficiently breeding radish aphid, the radish aphid that the present invention is bred has the advantages that the individual for the radish aphid adult that 1, breeding obtains is greater than adult in the prior art；2, the survival rate for the radish aphid adult that breeding obtains improves, and time of the radish aphid from egg development to adult shortens；3, the radish aphid female adult pest for obtaining breeding breeds next-generation radish aphid, and the farrowing amount of radish aphid female adult pest greatly improves.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of agriculture and forestry pest, and in particular in the mistake of biological control agriculture and forestry injurious insect
Host-radish aphid mating system of dish aphid parasite used in journey.
Background technique
Yunnan crop is abundant, and shortening type is more, and aphid distribution is wide, popularity is strong, harm is universal, and pesticide dosage is big, prevention and treatment
The problems such as method is single, and preventive effect is poor, pesticide residue and pollution, becomes the problem for troubling Yunnan Province's plant protection work for a long time.For
Plant protection work new breakthrough is realized, since 2006, according to the Ministry of Agriculture about " carrying forward vigorously diseases and pests of agronomic crop green prevention and control work
Make, promote agricultural product quality and safety and Agriculture Ecological Environment Security " it requires, Yunnan Province researches and develops integrated green prevention and control technology energetically,
Accelerate propulsion dynamics.
The aphid overwhelming majority is subordinate to Homoptera (Homoptera) Aphidiadae (Aphididae), is blazoned all over the world to crop
Serious polyphagy pest is endangered, it not only draws crop nutrition, and honeydew is drained, the yield and quality of crop is directly affected, and
And a variety of viruses are also propagated, cause a variety of virosis and other worms to pass the generation and prevalence of disease.The people in terms of the prevention and treatment of aphid
Carried out various researchs, various control measure have insecticide in application, especially chemical prevention in prevention and control of aphids
A large amount of long-time services, cause the drug resistance of aphid to increase, natural enemy is difficult to survive under conventional field control dosage, increases simultaneously
Pesticide residue probability on crop, aggravates the pollution of agricultural environment increasingly, is unfavorable for the sustainable development of agricultural.Therefore,
It is very urgent using environmentally protective biological prevention in the prevention and treatment of aphid.
Aphid parasite is a kind of important parasite of aphid, promotes and applies aphid cocoon in rape, vegetables, seeding corn and other crops
Bee eliminates aphis using aphid parasite is anti-, first is that the population quantity of aphid can be controlled effectively, reduces the harm of aphid, reduction is migrated
Aphid transmitted virus disease probability, guarantees the yield and quality of agricultural product；Second is that aphid is avoided to develop drug resistance；Third is that substantially reducing
Insecticide is learned in the usage amount of crops, pesticide residue is reduced, improves the safety of Yunnan agricultural products；Fourth is that reducing pest control with insecticide
Agent pollution on the environment.It eliminating aphis using aphid parasite is anti-, is that need to solve that pesticide dosage is big, and control method is single, preventive effect is poor,
Pesticide residue and pollution the problems such as key technology support, for improve Yunnan agricultural products participating country in, international market it is competing
Strive and create conditions, at the same with sustainable agriculture development and develop the trend of modern plant protection and match, bring huge economic benefit,
Social benefit and ecological benefits.Aphid parasite can parasitic a variety of aphids include black peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer), radish aphid
Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), brevicoryne brassicae Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus), small grain aphid
Macrosiphum avenae (Fabricius), cotten aphid Aphis gossypii_Glover etc., in the biological control of aphid
The significant and upper significant effect of application.A kind of important parasitic wasp of the dish aphid parasite as aphid, host range is narrow, often
Apparent specialization is shown, host mainly has: brevicoryne brassicae, radish aphid, black peach aphid, meadow sweet aphid, green bugs.In the whole world
It is distributed, in China, is distributed mainly on field of vegetables, wheatland, in tobacco field.
Investigated according to us, the generation and harm of the vernal crop diversity aphid made before flue-cured tobacco are more serious, but at present for late autumn,
The biological control of crop sown in spring aphid still belongs to blank.In recent years, We conducted preliminary research and field plot trial with show
Model discharges aphid cocoon bee and prevents and treats vernal crop diversity aphid by the numerous bee of conservation greenhouse, thus control aphis population radix, reduce at
Originally, cocoon bee is protected and is colonized, obtain the firsthand information and stage effect of science.Promote biological control and field adaptability skill
Art level is the key that Biological control of aphid.The biological control technology of aphid parasite mainly include aphid host plant breeding and
Plantation, the mass propagation of host aphid and aphid cocoon bee 3 production links of mass propagation, 3 links complement each other, close each other
Connection.There are the obstacles of three aspects during carrying out the biological control of dish aphid parasite at present: 1, lacking proper scaleization breeding trailing plants
Foretell the host plant of aphid, 2, lack radish aphid propagation in scale process flow, 3, lack perfect dish aphid parasite merchandized handling
Technology.
Radish aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) belongs to Homoptera Aphidiadae, and whole nation distribution also known as vegetable aphid, dish are hung
Pipe aphid, the crosses such as the Chinese cabbage that can cause harm, cabbage heart, cherry radish, cabbage mustard, broccoli, purple tsai-tai, brussels sprout, collard, a kind of sedge dish
The flower dilute vegetables of section's famous-particular-excellent, often mix generation with black peach aphid.Our seminars studying always how efficiently to breed radish aphid, how
The host for being suitble to biological control dish aphid parasite is cultivated, a kind of side of raising radish aphid reproductive efficiency of discovery is studied before us
Method (publication number: CN105230575A) breeds radish aphid by gradual alternating temperature, and the radish aphid bred has many excellent
Point: individual is greatly, the survival rate of adult improves, breeding cycle shortens, the egg laying amount of radish aphid female adult pest improves, but this method
There are some disadvantages, more demanding to temperature accuracy in (1) reproductive process, energy consumption is higher, and (2) are identified since aphid is small in size
The nymph of different larval instar need to expend a large amount of manpowers, and it is time-consuming and laborious as the host of dish aphid parasite to select radish aphid 3 age nymph, unfavorable
In biological control dish aphid parasite.Based on above-mentioned deficiency, our seminars continue to study, it is expected that finding, convenient, low energy consumption,
It is suitble to the method for propagation in scale radish aphid.For the present invention by lot of experiments, it is numerous that discovery carries out constant indoor temperature to radish aphid
It educates, is irradiated in conjunction with ultraviolet light, regulate and control irradiation condition, can be improved the reproductive efficiency of radish aphid, indoor scale can be met
Change, the needs of efficient breeding radish aphid.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of methods of efficiently breeding radish aphid, carry out constant indoor temperature breeding to radish aphid,
The breeding time for shortening radish aphid, the needs that indoor scale can be met, efficiently breed radish aphid.
The technical solution taken to achieve the object of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method of efficient breeding radish aphid, it is characterised in that: the method includes the steps of: host plant selection,
Radish aphid inoculation, radish aphid breeding, radish aphid save；
Preferably, the host plant selects the following steps are included: selecting the Turnip Sprouts with 3-4 piece true leaf as trailing plants
Foretell aphid host；
Preferably, the radish aphid is inoculated with the following steps are included: the Turnip Sprouts with 3-4 piece true leaf are moved to and connects worm
Room, every plant of Turnip Sprouts are inoculated with the 20-80 aptery adult aphids of radish aphid, connect worm room temperature and be maintained at 20 DEG C -22 DEG C, humidity 70%-
78%, illumination is sufficient；
Preferably, radish aphid breeding is bred using constant temperature, comprising the following steps: moves into the Turnip Sprouts after inoculation
Insectary used ultraviolet light irradiation radish aphid 15 minutes every 8 hours, and the temperature in insectary is maintained at 18 DEG C -20 DEG C, supported worm
Indoor humidity is maintained at 70%-75%, and illumination condition is illumination in 10 hours, and 14 hours dark, breeding is 4-5 days lasting, radish
The egg development of aphid is adult；
Preferably, the power of the ultraviolet lamp is 30W, wavelength 340nm；
Preferably, the radish aphid, which saves, comprises the steps of: radish aphid adult immigration dactylethrae, finger-type tube opening
It is sealed with cotton balls at end；
Preferably, the kind of the Turnip Sprouts is white jade spring or Yulong's spring；
The adult for the radish aphid that the present invention is bred is used to breed the purposes of next-generation radish aphid；
Purposes of the adult for the radish aphid that the present invention is bred as dish aphid parasite host.
The present invention has the advantage that
1, the present invention breeds radish aphid by the way of the irradiation of constant temperature combination ultraviolet light, the radish aphid adult bred
Individual is greater than adult in the prior art.
2, the present invention breeds radish aphid by the way of the irradiation of constant temperature combination ultraviolet light, the radish aphid adult bred
Survival rate improves, and time of the radish aphid from egg development to adult shortens.
3, the present invention breeds radish aphid by the way of irradiating using constant temperature combination ultraviolet light, will breed obtained radish aphid it is female at
Worm breeds next-generation radish aphid, and the farrowing amount of radish aphid female adult pest greatly improves.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment to further instruction of the present invention, the percentage in embodiment is weight ratio, but this hair
It is bright to be not limited thereto.
Embodiment one
1, material:
1.1 selected insect sources: testing radish aphid used is the radish aphid that the scientific base Yunnan Province's Yuxi Ma Qiao collects
Adult；
1.2 for trying host plant: white jade spring radish seedling；
2, test method: (test is in triplicate)
(1) host of the Turnip Sprouts with 3-4 piece true leaf as radish aphid is selected；
(2) there are the Turnip Sprouts of 3-4 piece true leaf to move to 600 basins to connect zooecium, be inoculated with the aptery adult aphid of radish aphid, every plant of radish
Seedling is inoculated with 35 aptery adult aphids, connects worm room temperature and is maintained at 20 DEG C, humidity 70%, and illumination is sufficient；
(3) radish aphid breeding is the following steps are included: move into insectary for the 100 basin Turnip Sprouts for completing inoculation in step (2),
It was irradiated radish aphid 15 minutes every 8 hours using ultraviolet lamp (power 30W, wavelength 340nm), the temperature in insectary is maintained at 20
DEG C, the humidity in insectary is maintained at 70%, and illumination condition is illumination in 10 hours, and 14 hours dark breed and continue 4.4 days, trailing plants
The egg development for foretelling aphid is adult.
(4) radish aphid adult is bred:
CK1: it is irradiated radish aphid 1 hour with ultraviolet lamp (power 30W, wavelength 340nm), the temperature in insectary is maintained at 20
DEG C, the humidity in insectary is maintained at 70%, and illumination condition is illumination in 10 hours, and 14 hours dark breed and continue 6.2 days, trailing plants
The egg development for foretelling aphid is adult.
CK2: it is irradiated radish aphid 1 hour with ultraviolet lamp (power 30W, wavelength 313nm), the temperature in insectary is maintained at 20
DEG C, the humidity in insectary is maintained at 70%, and illumination condition is illumination in 10 hours, and 14 hours dark breed and continue 7.8 days, trailing plants
The egg development for foretelling aphid is adult.
CK3: the 100 basin Turnip Sprouts that inoculation is completed in selecting step (2) move into insectary, and the temperature in insectary is kept to exist
25 DEG C, the humidity in insectary is maintained at 75%, and illumination condition is illumination in 10 hours, and 14 hours dark breed and continue 7.6 days,
The egg development of radish aphid is adult.
CK4: the 100 basin Turnip Sprouts that inoculation is completed in selecting step (2) move into insectary, and whens morning 6 will be in insectary
Temperature is adjusted to 18.5 DEG C, and then the temperature in insectary increases 2 DEG C per hour, until the temperature in insectary reaches when afternoon 12
30.5 DEG C, keep in insectary 30.5 DEG C of temperature 2 hours, then cool down 1.5 DEG C per hour, until at night 22 when, temperature in insectary
Degree is 18.5 DEG C, then keep 18.5 DEG C to next day 6 when, the humidity in insectary is maintained at 70%, and illumination condition is 13 hours
Illumination, 11 hours dark；Alternating temperature breeding continues 4.8 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
(5) comparison of the radish aphid adult bodily form
Breeding obtain radish aphid adult 200 is randomly selected from step (3) Turnip Sprouts, from step (4) CK1, CK2,
Radish aphid adult each 200 that breeding obtains are randomly selected on CK3, CK4 Turnip Sprouts, with the micrometer in stereomicroscope to it
Body is long, body width measures, and long, the average body of average body for obtaining radish aphid adult on Turnip Sprouts is wide.
Note: the body of radish aphid adult is long in table 1, the wide average value all to repeat test three times of body
It is in table 1 statistics indicate that: the condition of constant temperature combination ultraviolet light irradiation breeds radish aphid through the invention, and breeding obtains
The individual of radish aphid adult be respectively greater than and compare CK1, CK2 (irradiation condition different), CK3 (constant temperature breeding), CK4 (this project
Radish aphid before group breeds condition, patent publication No.: CN105230575A) adult, and the Individual Size of radish aphid adult
Fecundity, Individual Size after influencing its host's vegetable aphid cocoon bee eclosion, the big radish aphid adult of individual are conducive to cultivate vitality
Stronger dish aphid parasite.
(6) survival rate and development duration of radish aphid adult
From step (3), randomly selected respectively in CK1, CK2, CK3, CK4 in step (4) the obtained radish aphid of breeding at
Worm each 200.
Note: the survival rate of radish aphid adult is all the average value for repeating test three times in table 2
It is in table 2 statistics indicate that: the condition of constant temperature combination ultraviolet light irradiation breeds radish aphid through the invention, and breeding obtains
The survival rate of radish aphid adult be higher than control CK1, CK2 (irradiation condition different), CK3 (constant temperature breeding), CK4 (this seminar
Radish aphid before breeds condition, patent publication No.: CN105230575A).
Note: the time of the egg development of radish aphid to adult is the average value for repeating test three times in table 3
It is in table 3 statistics indicate that: the condition of constant temperature combination ultraviolet light irradiation breeds radish aphid through the invention, and breeding obtains
Time of the radish aphid from egg development to adult shorter than compare CK1, CK2 (irradiation condition is different), CK3 (constant temperature breeding), CK4
(radish aphid before this seminar breeds condition, patent publication No.: CN105230575A), it is seen that temperature, irradiation condition influence
The breeding of radish aphid, and mating system of the invention is conducive to improve the reproduction speed and efficiency of radish aphid.
(7) the farrowing amount of radish aphid female adult pest under the conditions of difference is bred
From step (3), it is female that the radish aphid that breeding obtains is randomly selected in CK1, CK2, CK3, CK4 in step (4) respectively
Adult each 50, Turnip Sprouts are accessed, the farrowing amount of radish aphid female adult pest is observed and recorded under stereomicroscope.
Note: radish aphid female adult pest farrowing amount is all the average value for repeating test three times in table 4
It is in table 4 statistics indicate that: through the invention constant temperature combination ultraviolet light irradiation condition breed radish aphid, will breed
The radish aphid female adult pest that arrives breeds next-generation radish aphid, the farrowing amount of female adult pest be higher than control CK1, CK2 (irradiation condition is different),
CK3 (constant temperature breeding), CK4 (radish aphid before this seminar breeds condition, patent publication No.: CN105230575A) it is female at
Worm, this is beneficial to the reproduction speed and efficiency that improve radish aphid.It can be seen that the present invention greatly improves the numerous of radish aphid
Grow efficiency.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method of efficiently breeding radish aphid, it is characterised in that: the method includes the steps of: host plant selection, trailing plants
Foretell aphid inoculation, radish aphid breeding, radish aphid saves；The host plant selection is the following steps are included: selection has 3-4 piece true
The Turnip Sprouts of leaf are as radish aphid host；The radish aphid is inoculated with the following steps are included: by the Turnip Sprouts with 3-4 piece true leaf
It moves to and connects zooecium, every plant of Turnip Sprouts are inoculated with the 20-80 aptery adult aphids of radish aphid, connect worm room temperature and are maintained at 20 DEG C -22 DEG C, wet
70%-78% is spent, illumination is sufficient；The radish aphid breeding is the following steps are included: move into insectary for the Turnip Sprouts after inoculation, often
It was used ultraviolet light irradiation radish aphid 15 minutes every 8 hours, the temperature in insectary is maintained at 18 DEG C -20 DEG C, wet in insectary
Degree is maintained at 70%-75%, and illumination condition is illumination in 10 hours, and 14 hours dark, breeding is 4-5 days lasting, the egg development of radish aphid
For adult；The power of the ultraviolet lamp is 30W, wavelength 340nm.
2. a kind of method of efficiently breeding radish aphid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the radish aphid saves
It comprises the steps of: and radish aphid adult is moved into dactylethrae, dactylethrae open end is sealed with cotton balls.
3. a kind of method of efficiently breeding radish aphid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the kind of the Turnip Sprouts
For white jade spring or Yulong's spring.
4. the adult of radish aphid is for breeding the next generation in a kind of method of efficiently breeding radish aphid according to claim 1
The purposes of radish aphid.
5. the adult of radish aphid is posted as dish aphid parasite in a kind of method of efficiently breeding radish aphid according to claim 1
Main purposes.
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| CN1528135A (en) * | 2003-09-28 | 2004-09-15 | 衡水田益生防有限责任公司 | Process for industrial production for eretmocerus SP. |
| CN103168753A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-06-26 | 香格里拉县宜康宝生物科技有限公司 | Method for culturing hepialus larvae indoors |
| CN103749400A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-04-30 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Method for improving breeding efficiency of bemisia tabaci |
| CN103766289A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-05-07 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Method for improving breeding efficiency of encarsia formosa |
| CN105165313A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-12-23 | 中国烟草总公司四川省公司 | Method for breeding aphidius gifuensis within short cycle |
| CN105211008A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-06 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | A kind of method improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency |
| CN105230575A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-13 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Method for increasing lipaphis erysimi breeding efficiency |
| CN105248384A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-20 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Method of improving Lipaphis erysimi breeding efficiency by using salicylic acid |
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