CN105230575B - A method of improving radish aphid reproductive efficiency - Google Patents
A method of improving radish aphid reproductive efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN105230575B CN105230575B CN201510755455.9A CN201510755455A CN105230575B CN 105230575 B CN105230575 B CN 105230575B CN 201510755455 A CN201510755455 A CN 201510755455A CN 105230575 B CN105230575 B CN 105230575B
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- aphid
- radish aphid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods improving radish aphid reproductive efficiency to be had the following advantages that present invention discover that breeding radish aphid by the way of alternating temperature：1, the individual of radish aphid 3 age nymph, adult is respectively greater than in the prior art the same as the nymph of age, adult；2, the survival rate of radish aphid adult improves, and time of the radish aphid from egg development to adult shortens；3, the radish aphid female adult pest service life that breeding generates is longer than the radish aphid female adult pest of usual manner breeding, and the next-generation radish aphid of radish aphid adult breeding that alternating temperature is bred, the egg laying amount of female adult is higher than the radish aphid female adult pest of usual manner breeding.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of agriculture and forestry pest, and in particular in the mistake of biological control agriculture and forestry injurious insect
The propagation method of the host-radish aphid for the dish aphid parasite used in journey.
Background technology
Yunnan crop is abundant, and shortening type is more, and aphid distribution is wide, popularity is strong, harm is universal, and pesticide dosage is big, prevention
The problems such as method is single, and preventive effect is poor, pesticide residue and pollution, becomes the problem for troubling Yunnan Province's plant protection work for a long time.For
Plant protection work new breakthrough is realized, since 2006, according to the Ministry of Agriculture about " carrying forward vigorously diseases and pests of agronomic crop green prevention and control work
Make, promote agricultural product quality and safety and Agriculture Ecological Environment Security " it requires, Yunnan Province researches and develops integrated green prevention and control technology energetically,
Accelerate propulsion dynamics.
Aphid parasite is a kind of important parasite of aphid, and aphid cocoon is promoted and applied in rape, vegetables, seeding corn and other crops
Bee eliminates aphis using aphid parasite is anti-, first, the population quantity of aphid can be controlled effectively, reduces the harm of aphid, reduction is migrated
Aphid transmitted virus disease probability, ensures the yield and quality of agricultural product；Second is that aphid is avoided to develop immunity to drugs；Third, substantially reducing
Insecticide is learned in the usage amount of crops, pesticide residue is reduced, improves the safety of Yunnan agricultural products；Fourth, reducing pest control with insecticide
Agent pollution on the environment.It eliminating aphis using aphid parasite is anti-, is that need to solve that pesticide dosage is big, and control method is single, preventive effect is poor,
The key technology support of the problems such as pesticide residue and pollution, to improve in Yunnan agricultural products participating countries, international market it is competing
Strive and create conditions, while matching with the trend of sustainable agriculture development and the modern plant protection of development, bring huge economic benefit,
Social benefit and ecological benefits.
The aphid overwhelming majority is subordinate to Homoptera (Homoptera) Aphidiadae (Aphididae), is blazoned all over the world to crop
Serious polyphagy pest is endangered, it not only draws crop nutrition, drains honeydew, directly affects the yield and quality of crop, and
And a variety of viruses are also propagated, cause a variety of virosis and other worms to pass generation and the prevalence of disease.The people in terms of the prevention of aphid
Carried out various researchs, various control measure have insecticide in application, especially chemical prevention in prevention and control of aphids
A large amount of long-time services, cause the drug resistance of aphid to increase, natural enemy is difficult to survive under conventional field control dosage, increases simultaneously
Pesticide residue probability on crop, aggravates the pollution of agricultural environment increasingly, is unfavorable for the sustainable development of agricultural.Therefore,
It is very urgent using environmentally protective biological prevention in the prevention of aphid.
Aphid parasite can parasitic a variety of aphids include black peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer), vegetable aphid Brevicoryne
Brassicae (Linnaeus), radish aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), small grain aphid Macrosiphum
Avenae (Fabricius), cotten aphid Aphis gossypii_Glover etc., it is highest up to 89.16%, in the biology of aphid
The significant and upper significant effect of application in prevention.A kind of important parasitic wasp of the dish aphid parasite as aphid, host range ratio
It is relatively narrow, apparent specialization is often shown, host mainly has：Brevicoryne brassicae, radish aphid, black peach aphid, meadow sweet aphid, green bugs.
The whole world is distributed, and in China, is distributed mainly in field of vegetables, wheatland, vega.
Radish aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) belong to Homoptera Aphidiadae, and whole nation distribution also known as vegetable aphid, dish are hung
Pipe aphid, the crosses such as the Chinese cabbage that can cause harm, cabbage heart, cherry radish, cabbage mustard, broccoli, purple tsai-tai, brussels sprout, collard, a kind of sedge dish
The dilute vegetables of flower section's famous-particular-excellent, often mix generation with black peach aphid.
Investigated according to us, the generation and harm of the vernal crop diversity aphid made before flue-cured tobacco are more serious, but at present for late autumn,
The biological control of crop sown in spring aphid still belongs to blank.Over nearly 3 years, our seminars conduct a preliminary study and field plot
Experiment and demonstration, by the numerous bee of conservation greenhouse, release aphid cocoon bee prevents vernal crop diversity aphid, to control aphis population base
Number reduces cost, protects and colonize cocoon bee, obtains the firsthand information of science and interim effect.Promoted biological control with
Field adaptability technical merit is the key that Biological control of aphid.The biological control technology of aphid parasite includes mainly that aphid host plants
The selection and breeding and plantation of object, the mass propagation of host aphid and aphid cocoon bee 3 production links of mass propagation, 3 mutually auxiliary phases of link
At associated with each other.There are the obstacles of three aspects during carrying out dish aphid parasite and preventing radish aphid at present：1, lack suitable for rule
Modelling breeds the host plant of radish aphid, and 2, lack radish aphid biological control technological process, 3, lack perfect dish aphid parasite quotient
Product production technology.The present invention has found a kind of method improving radish aphid reproductive efficiency by lot of experiments, to radish aphid into
The alternating temperature breeding of row interior, the needs that indoor scale can be met, efficiently breed radish aphid.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of methods improving radish aphid reproductive efficiency, carry out indoor breeding to radish aphid, make
Its needs that disclosure satisfy that indoor scale, efficiently breed radish aphid.
The technical solution taken to achieve the object of the present invention is as follows：
A method of improving radish aphid reproductive efficiency, it is characterised in that：The method includes the steps of：Host plant selects
It selects, radish aphid inoculation, radish aphid breeding；
Preferably, host plant selection includes the following steps：It is the rape of 5-6 leaves as radish aphid to select leaf age
Host；
Preferably, radish aphid inoculation includes the following steps：The rape that leaf age is 5-6 leaves is moved to and connects zooecium, is inoculated with
Adult aphid that radish aphid is aptery, every plant of rape are inoculated with 25-65 aptery adult aphid, connect worm indoor temperature and be maintained at 22 DEG C, relative humidity
70%, illumination is sufficient；
Preferably, radish aphid breeding is bred using alternating temperature, is included the following steps：Rape after inoculation is moved into temperature
Temperature indoor temperature is adjusted to 18.5 DEG C when the morning 6 by room, and then warm indoor temperature increases 2 DEG C per hour, until when afternoon 12,
The indoor temperature of temperature reaches 30.5 DEG C, keeps 30.5 DEG C of warm indoor temperature 2 hours, then cools down 1.5 DEG C per hour, until at night 22
When, warm indoor temperature is 18.5 DEG C, and when then 18.5 DEG C of holding is to next day 6, the indoor humidity of temperature is maintained at 68-75%, illumination
Condition is illumination in 13 hours, 11 hours dark；Alternating temperature breeding continues 2-3 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is 3 age nymphs；
Preferably, alternating temperature breeding continues 4-5 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult；
Preferably, the kind of the rape is caul-fat 3 or caul-fat 6；
Purposes of the 3 age nymphs for the radish aphid that the present invention is bred as dish aphid parasite host；
The adult for the radish aphid that the present invention is bred is used to breed the purposes of next-generation radish aphid.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, the present invention breeds radish aphid by the way of alternating temperature, radish aphid 3 age nymph, adult individual be respectively greater than existing skill
With the nymph of age, adult in art.
2, the present invention breeds radish aphid using alternating temperature by the way of, the survival rate raising of radish aphid adult, radish aphid from egg development to
The time of adult shortens.
3, the present invention breeds radish aphid by the way of alternating temperature, and the radish aphid female adult pest service life for breeding generation is longer than usual manner
The radish aphid female adult pest of breeding, the next-generation radish aphid of radish aphid adult breeding that alternating temperature is bred, the egg laying amount of female adult is higher than normal
The radish aphid female adult pest that rule mode is bred.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment to further instruction of the present invention, the percentage in embodiment is weight ratio, but this hair
It is bright to be not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
1, material：
1.1 selected insect source：Experiment radish aphid used be the radish aphid that collects of the Yunnan Province scientific bases Yuxi Ma Qiao at
Worm；
1.2 for trying host plant：Caul-fat 3；
2, test method：(experiment is in triplicate)
(1) it is No. 3 rapes of caul-fat of 5-6 leaves as radish aphid host to select leaf age；
(2) No. 3 rapes of caul-fat that 400 basin leaf ages are 5-6 leaves are moved to and connects zooecium, be inoculated with the aptery adult aphid of radish aphid, every plant of oil
Dish is inoculated with 50 aptery adult aphids, connects worm indoor temperature and is maintained at 22 DEG C, relative humidity 70%, and illumination is sufficient；
(3) radish aphid breeding is bred using alternating temperature, is included the following steps：The 100 basins oil of inoculation is completed in selecting step (2)
Dish moves into greenhouse, and the indoor temperature of temperature is adjusted to 18.5 DEG C when the morning 6, and then warm indoor temperature increases 2 DEG C per hour, until under
When noon 12, the indoor temperature of temperature reaches 30.5 DEG C, keeps 30.5 DEG C of warm indoor temperature 2 hours, then cools down 1.5 DEG C per hour,
When at night 22, warm indoor temperature is 18.5 DEG C, and when then 18.5 DEG C of holding is to next day 6, the indoor humidity of temperature is maintained at 70%,
Illumination condition is illumination in 13 hours, 11 hours dark；Alternating temperature breeding continues 2.8 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is 3 age nymphs；Alternating temperature
Breeding continues 4.8 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
(4) constant temperature breeding radish aphid nymph, adult：
CK1：The 100 basin rapes that inoculation is completed in selecting step (2) move into greenhouse, and warm indoor temperature is maintained at 25 DEG C, wet
Degree is maintained at 70%, and illumination condition is illumination in 13 hours, 11 hours dark；Constant temperature breeding continues 4.2 days, the egg development of radish aphid
For 3 age nymphs；Constant temperature breeding continues 7.7 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
CK2：The 100 basin rapes that inoculation is completed in selecting step (2) move into greenhouse, and warm indoor temperature is maintained at 20 DEG C, wet
Degree is maintained at 70%, and illumination condition is illumination in 13 hours, 11 hours dark；Constant temperature breeding continues 6.4 days, the egg development of radish aphid
For 3 age nymphs；Constant temperature breeding continues 9.5 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
CK3：The 100 basin rapes that inoculation is completed in selecting step (2) move into greenhouse, and warm indoor temperature is maintained at 27 DEG C, wet
Degree is maintained at 70%, and illumination condition is illumination in 13 hours, 11 hours dark.Constant temperature breeding continues 3.5 days, the egg development of radish aphid
For 3 age nymphs；Alternating temperature breeding continues 6.3 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
(5) comparison of radish aphid nymph, the adult bodily form
Each 200 of 3 age nymphs, adult are randomly selected from the radish aphid on step (3) rape, from step (4) CK1,
Each 200 of 3 age nymphs, adult are randomly selected in radish aphid on CK2, CK3 rape, with the micrometer pair in stereomicroscope
Its body is long, body width measures, and it is wide to obtain radish aphid 3 age nymph on rape, long, the average body of average body of adult.
Note：Radish aphid 3 age nymph, the body of adult be long in table 1, wide body is all the average value for repeating three times experiment
It is in table 1 statistics indicate that：Radish aphid is bred by way of alternating temperature, radish aphid 3 age nymph, the individual difference of adult are big
Nymph, the adult of the same age of constant temperature incubation in control, and the Individual Size of radish aphid 3 age nymph influences its host's vegetable aphid cocoon
Fecundity, Individual Size after bee eclosion, the big radish aphid 3 age nymph of individual are conducive to cultivate the stronger dish aphid parasite of vitality.
(6) survival rate and development duration of radish aphid adult
From step (3), each 200 of radish aphid adult is randomly selected in CK1, CK2, CK3 in step (4) respectively.
Note：The survival rate of radish aphid adult is all to repeat the average value of experiment three times in table 2
It is in table 2 statistics indicate that：Radish aphid is bred by way of alternating temperature, the survival rate of radish aphid adult is improved, improved
It can be used for breeding the quantity of next-generation radish aphid.
Note：The time of the egg development of radish aphid to 3 age nymphs, adult is the average value for repeating experiment three times in table 3
It is in table 3 statistics indicate that：Breed radish aphid by way of alternating temperature, radish aphid is from egg development to 3 age nymphs, adult
Time is shorter than the radish aphid of constant temperature cultivation, this is beneficial to the reproduction speed and efficiency that improve radish aphid.
(7) service life of radish aphid adult and egg laying amount under the conditions of different breedings
From step (3), each 50 of radish aphid female adult pest is randomly selected in CK1, CK2, CK3 in step (4) respectively, is accessed
The vacuum side of blade of rape observes and records the egg laying amount and survival condition of radish aphid female adult pest under stereomicroscope daily, until female
Adult is dead.
Note：The service life of the female adult pest of radish aphid in table 4, female adult pest egg laying amount are all the average value for repeating experiment three times
It is in table 4 statistics indicate that：Radish aphid is bred by way of alternating temperature, the radish aphid female adult pest service life for breeding generation is longer than
The radish aphid female adult pest of constant temperature breeding, the next-generation radish aphid of radish aphid adult breeding that alternating temperature is bred, the egg laying amount of female adult are high
In the radish aphid female adult pest of constant temperature breeding, this is beneficial to the reproduction speed and efficiency that improve radish aphid.It can be seen that pole of the present invention
The big reproductive efficiency for improving radish aphid.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method improving radish aphid reproductive efficiency, it is characterised in that：The method includes the steps of：Host plant selects,
Radish aphid is inoculated with, radish aphid breeding；The host plant selection includes the following steps：Select leaf age for the rape conduct of 5-6 leaves
Radish aphid host；The radish aphid inoculation includes the following steps：The rape that leaf age is 5-6 leaves is moved to and connects zooecium, is inoculated with radish aphid
Aptery adult aphid, every plant of rape are inoculated with 25-65 aptery adult aphid, connect worm indoor temperature and are maintained at 22 DEG C, relative humidity 70%, illumination
It is sufficient；The radish aphid breeding is bred using alternating temperature, is included the following steps：Rape after inoculation is moved into greenhouse, when the morning 6
The indoor temperature of temperature is adjusted to 18.5 DEG C, then warm indoor temperature increases 2 DEG C per hour, until when 12, the indoor temperature of temperature reaches
To 30.5 DEG C, keep 30.5 DEG C of warm indoor temperature 2 hours, then cool down 1.5 DEG C per hour, until at night 22 when, warm indoor temperature
It it is 18.5 DEG C, when then 18.5 DEG C of holding is to next day 6, the indoor humidity of temperature is maintained at 68-75%, and illumination condition was 13 small time
According to 11 hours dark；Alternating temperature breeding continues 2-3 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is 3 age nymphs.
2. a kind of method improving radish aphid reproductive efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The alternating temperature is numerous
It educates lasting 4-5 days, the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
3. a kind of method improving radish aphid reproductive efficiency according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The product of the rape
Kind is caul-fat 3 or caul-fat 6.
4. a kind of using the 3 age nymphs of radish aphid as the purposes of dish aphid parasite host, it is characterised in that：3 ages of the radish aphid
Nymph is obtained using the method for claim 3.
5. a kind of adult using radish aphid is used to breed the purposes of next-generation radish aphid, it is characterised in that：The adult of the radish aphid
It is to be obtained using the method for claim 3.
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| CN105900931A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-08-31 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | method for breeding Lipaphis erysimi on large scale |
| CN105941338B (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2018-11-06 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | A kind of method of propagation in scale dish aphid parasite |
| CN105900932B (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2019-09-10 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | A kind of method of efficient breeding radish aphid |
| CN105994172B (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2019-03-26 | 河南省农业科学院烟草研究所 | A kind of method carrying out aphid winter conservation using radish is stored away in winter |
| CN106172248B (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2017-09-29 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | A kind of expanding propagation method of Japan's food a red-spotted lizard aphid chalcid fly |
| CN106852301A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-16 | 赣州市烟草科学研究所 | It is a kind of to carry out the method that aphidius gifuensis over wintering is bred using winter rape |
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| CN103766289B (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2015-04-01 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Method for improving breeding efficiency of encarsia formosa |
| CN103749400B (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2015-05-06 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Method for improving breeding efficiency of bemisia tabaci |
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