CN102870742A - Large-scale artificial feeding method for eretmocerus hayati - Google Patents
Large-scale artificial feeding method for eretmocerus hayati Download PDFInfo
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- CN102870742A CN102870742A CN2012103570328A CN201210357032A CN102870742A CN 102870742 A CN102870742 A CN 102870742A CN 2012103570328 A CN2012103570328 A CN 2012103570328A CN 201210357032 A CN201210357032 A CN 201210357032A CN 102870742 A CN102870742 A CN 102870742A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a breeding method for a natural enemy insect, in particular to a large-scale artificial feeding method for eretmocerus hayati. The method comprises the following steps of: breeding a host plant of cabbage; breeding a host of bemisia tabaci; and breeding the eretmocerus hayati. The breeding method for the eretmocerus hayati comprises the following steps of: moving cabbage seedlings loaded with nymphs of bemisia tabaci and an insect culture cage to a bee culture room which is taken as a host to culture parasitic bees; taking adult eretmocerus hayati into the bee culture room; removing adult parasitic bees after the adult eretmocerus hayati oviposits; and continuing to culture cabbage plants so that little cream yellow eretmocerus hayati pupae appear on the back of cabbage leaves. The preference temperature for eretmocerus hayati breeding is 24 to 28 DEG C; the suitable intensity for illumination, namely L: D is equal to 14:10; and the suitable humidity is 60 to 80 percent. The large-scale artificial feeding method for the eretmocerus hayati is simple and easy to master, is particularly convenient for indoor breeding and life cycle observation, and can be used for the uninterrupted propagation of the eretmocerus hayati throughout the year.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of natural enemy insect raising method, relate to particularly a kind of artificial extensive raising method of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP.
Background technology
Bemisia tabaci Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) belongs to Homoptera, Aleyrodidae, little Aleyrodes.Originating in tropical and subtropical region, be distributed widely in more than 90 countries and regions, the whole world, is one of the primary pest (Liu Shusheng, 2005) of 600 various plants such as cotton, vegetables and landscape flower.Bemisia tabaci is except the host plant of directly causing harm, also can secrete honeydew, bringing out mycosis affects photosynthesis, propagates plant virus and induces normal growth (the Davidsonet al that does the harm plants such as the improper physiological reaction of deposits yields, 2000), much serious (Feng Lanxiang etc. are wanted in other harm of the hazard ratio that its inducing plant disease causes, 2001) grain and the economic crops loss that, caused by its harm can reach 30 ~ 100% (Brown et al., 1994).The Economic Importance of Bemisia tabaci shows the economic crops such as many flowers, vegetables, cotton in its host plant.Since the eighties in 20th century, since the wide-scale distribution of Type B Bemisia tabaci all over the world with spread, caused great economic loss in all parts of the world, every year on average above 300,000,000 dollars, only in the U.S. because the causing harm of this worm, the economic loss that past 10 years caused surpasses 100,000,000 dollars (Oliveira et al., 2001) every year on average.
In China, before the mid-90 in 20th century, cause harm and not serious, according to Chen Liangen (1997) report District of Shanghai from 1994 behind external introductions poinsettia, Bemisia tabaci occurs in that the beginning of gardens crop is large, medication is difficult to control.Bemisia tabaci occured in the Dongguan in 1997, and increased the weight of year by year, and the report of Bemisia tabaci harm was all arranged at southern most areas to 2000.1998, Bemisia tabaci at first was found the poinsettia of Urumqi City, subsequently in the Shihezi, breathed out honey, and this worm (Zhao Li etc., 2000) is all adopted in the Kuerle on ground flowers, the crops such as Kelamayi.In Beijing, Bemisia tabaci since the later stage nineties to cucumber, tomato, eggplant, the harm of wild cabbage and custard squash increases the weight of rapidly, reaches (Luo Chen etc., 2000 more than seventy percent when serious; Lin Kejian etc., 2002,2004).In recent years, the record that all begins to have large generation in all parts of the country, by the COI Gene sequence comparison to 5 Bemisia tabacis of Beijing, Guangdong, Shaanxi, 4 different geographic regions of new class, what confirmed that invasion China causes harm is Type B Bemisia tabaci (Luo Chen etc., 2002).The Type B Bemisia tabaci has been diffused into 22 provinces, cities and autonomous regions in the whole nation at present, and just constantly is diffused into more area.Not only vegetables and flowers is caused harm seriously in some areas, and the production of economic crops cotton, soybean, oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers and peanut etc. has been consisted of serious threat.
Hai Shi eretmocerus SP Eretmocerus hayati(Zolnerowich and Rose) belong to Hymenoptera aphid Chalcididae eretmocerus SP and belong to, the original producton location is in Pakistan.The nineties in last century, the U.S. introduced this honeybee for the control of Type B Bemisia tabaci and succeed (GooLsby et al, 2005) from Pakistan.Australia in 2004 introduces this honeybee control Type B Bemisia tabaci also succeed (De Barro and Coombs, 2009) from the U.S..The U.S. has carried out comprehensive assessment to the control of 21 kinds of parasitic wasps of Bemisia tabaci, thinks that this parasitic wasp has very high biological control application potential.In order to seek the effective control strategy to China's invasion Bemisia tabaci, the Hai Shi eretmocerus SP was successfully introduced China (Kuang Wei etc., 2011 in 2008; Yang ﹠amp; Wan, 2011).Ministry of Agriculture's Strategy of Alien Invasive Species prevention and the suitable natural disposition analysis of control research center by beneficial organism are estimated in conjunction with previous experiments chamber preventive effect, determine that this parasitic wasp is the advantage parasitic wasp of Type B Bemisia tabaci.The Type B Bemisia tabaci has been diffused into 22 provinces, cities and autonomous regions in the whole nation at present, and just constantly is diffused into more area.Not only vegetables and flowers is caused harm seriously in some areas, and the production of economic crops cotton, soybean, vegetables etc. has been consisted of serious threat.Therefore, solving artificial extensive raising of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP, to providing the worm source with province and the area that this parasitic wasp prevents and treats Bemisia tabaci, is to realize that Bemisia tabaci continues one of effective and crucial approach of administering.For this pressing problem, we have carried out invention research to the artificial extensive raising method of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of artificial extensive raising method of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP.
Artificial extensive raising method according to Hai Shi eretmocerus SP of the present invention: may further comprise the steps:
(1) cultivation of host plant wild cabbage guarantees the pollution without any damage by disease and insect;
(2) raising of host's Bemisia tabaci;
(3) the Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is raised,
The cabbage seedling that is loaded with Bemisia tabaci Nymph is moved to the bee-keeping chamber together with dependent insect cage, cultivate parasitic wasp as the host, access Hai Shi eretmocerus SP becomes honeybee, siphon away parasitic wasp after letting alone to lay eggs and become honeybee, continue to cultivate cabbage plant, the cabbage leaves back namely has milk yellow Hai Shi eretmocerus SP pupa to occur, and the raising preference temperature of described Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is 24 ~ 28 ℃, the shading value L:D=14:10 of suitable illumination, suitable humidity is 60 ~ 80%.
Preferably, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the artificial extensive raising method of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP may further comprise the steps:
(1) cultivation of host plant wild cabbage:
Cabbage seed is seeded in the nutrition cup that is placed with nutrient matrix cultivates, 2 ~ 3 seed/cups, described nutrient matrix are by vermiculite: flower nutrition soil becomes with local soil type; Vermiculite: flower nutrition soil: the volume ratio of soil is 1 ~ 1.5:2 ~ 4:3 ~ 5; Regularly check cabbage seed sprouting and seedling growth, keep the humidity of nutrient matrix in the nutrition cup.Treat to be used for when the cabbage seedling plant grows to 6 ~ 8 true leaves the raising of Bemisia tabaci;
The cultivation of described host plant wild cabbage is carried out at the cleaning seedling room, guarantees the pollution without any damage by disease and insect, 24 ~ 28 ℃ of temperature, and relative moisture 70 ~ 75%, optical illumination darkness are L:D=14:10.
Described cabbage seed is market sweet No. one on the block (also available other brand) cabbage seed.
(2) raising of host's Bemisia tabaci:
Cultured cabbage plant is put into connects in the dependent insect cage of being furnished with blue plastic casing in the zooecium, place 9 basin nutrition cups in every cage, the female-male proportion that every cage press 2:1 accesses 150 ~ 200 pairs of Bemisia tabaci adults; Connect worm and remove all Bemisia tabaci adults after 48 hours, continue to cultivate the cabbage seedling's strain with ovum, 24 ~ 28 ℃ of temperature, relative moisture 60 ~ 80%, optical illumination darkness are L:D=14:10.
(3) the Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is raised
When Bemisia tabaci Nymph was grown to 2 age after Bemisia tabaci was laid eggs 10 ~ 12 days, the cabbage seedling that a part wherein is loaded with Bemisia tabaci Nymph moved on to together with dependent insect cage and continues in the Bemisia tabaci insectary to raise, for Bemisia tabaci adults worm of future generation source; The cabbage seedling that is loaded with Bemisia tabaci Nymph of remaining part moves to the bee-keeping chamber together with dependent insect cage, cultivates parasitic wasp as the host; Every cage becomes honeybee by the male and female of 1:1 than 50 pairs of Hai Shi eretmocerus SPs of access, removes parasitic wasp after laying eggs 48 hours and becomes honeybee.Continue to cultivate cabbage plant, namely have the milk yellow Hai Shi eretmocerus SP pupa more than 90% to occur through cabbage leaves back, 10 days left and right sides.Indoor temperature, humidity, illumination connect zooecium with aleyrodid.Parasitic bee pupa can be made into the honeybee card and mail to the Bemisia tabaci district of causing harm.
When carrying out the artificial scale receptacle raising of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP, the cabbage seedling of raising Bemisia tabaci is infected by aphid and two spotted spider mite easily, the amount reproduction of aphid and two spotted spider mite can cause wild cabbage to be wilted even death, the aphid fertility is rapid, if the cabbage seedling that untimely cleaning has been infected by aphid, might pollute whole insectary, badly influence the population of its host's Bemisia tabaci.Before raising the Hai Shi eretmocerus SP, need to be to insectary and foster seedling room fumigation, raising the soil of wild cabbage need to sterilize with high-pressure sterilizing pot, the cabbage seedling that these steps of process are raised is appointed when having aphid to infect, and can kill aphid by 14 days foliage-spray Imidacloprids before this batch seedling access Bemisia tabaci.
Positive beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) rearing method of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP of the present invention, method is simple and easy, easily grasps, and particularly is convenient to indoor feeding and observes its history of life, even the keeper does not have relevant professional knowledge, also can learn in a short time; Raise but support worm frame layer-stepping, it is less to take up space, and feeding cost is lower, after the open-air control of the release Bemisia tabaci, can bring huge economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits;
(2) but method large-scale breeding Hai Shi eretmocerus SP of the present invention, can realize all the year round continual breeding of this Hai Shi eretmocerus SP, not only can satisfy the demand of experimental study, the more important thing is and to realize particularly providing a large amount of worms source in vegetables and organic farming demonstration province (area) to each Bemisia tabaci generating region, to alleviate Bemisia tabaci to the infringement of crops.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for discharging Hai Shi eretmocerus SP and blank Bemisia tabaci abundance comparison diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 artificial extensive Hai Shi eretmocerus SP of raising
(1) basic facilities
The insectary: area is decided on raising scale, general 20 ~ 30m
2, window is installed stainless steel screen window, and install ventilating fan do to ventilate with and 1.5 air conditioner control temperature in the insectary; Put the foster worm frame of laminar of varying number (4 ~ 6) in the insectary according to the real area size, automatically controlled the switch time of fluorescent tube on all foster worm framves of insectary by the KG316T microcomputer time-controlled switch;
Winter the conservation chamber: the raising that is mainly used in winter (by the end of November to 3 months at the beginning of) Hai Shi eretmocerus SP; Gross area 20m
2, being divided into 3 little with glass and evacuated panel, area is respectively 6.5m
2, 4.3m
2And 4.3m
2, rise 2.5m; Every booth is installed the high clear glass sliding door of 1.9m; Separate with 1.2m high clear glass sliding window and movable screen window between the contiguous compartment, spring and summer pulls open windowpane and screen window can be used as general insectary; A ventilating fan and 1.5 air conditioners are installed; Winter, each booth was equipped with an oily fourth heater and a humidifier when supporting worm, to improve indoor temperature and humidity; Automatically controlled the switch time of fluorescent tube on all foster worm framves of conservation chamber by the KG316T microcomputer time-controlled switch;
Support worm frame: 240cm * 50cm * 195cm foster worm frame several, each shelf divides 3 layers, every layer of thicker transparent plastic sheet of bottom pad one deck quality, 6 fluorescent lamps that specification is 28W are installed at the top; It is supporting to support worm frame and insectary, winter conservation chamber, and each foster each layer of worm frame fluorescent lamp is installed respectively a hand switch;
Dependent insect cage: (specification: 60cm * 60cm * 60cm), silk screen is firm, and is transparent, is convenient to observe for tent-type insect breeding cage; Large opening and little opening, convenient sampling, the cage quality is 120 order nylon gauzes.
(2) suitable condition of host's Bemisia tabaci raising
Temperature, humidity and illumination condition: the insectary keeps 24 ~ 28 ℃ temperature, and humidity is 60 ~ 80% degree (65% for best); The illumination condition of optical illumination darkness L:D=14:10 and 3500lux; Winter, raising temperature can suitably be down to 25 ℃ in the conservation chamber, and other condition is constant;
Host's condition: the cabbage seedling of 6 ~ 8 true leaves;
The individual plant cabbage seedling is supported the worm amount: 10 ~ 20 pairs of adults are for suitable;
(3) suitable condition of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP raising
Temperature, humidity and illumination condition: the insectary keeps 24 ~ 28 ℃ temperature, and relative moisture is 60 ~ 80% degree (65% for best); The illumination condition of optical illumination darkness L:D=14:10 and 3500lux; Winter, raising temperature can suitably be down to 23 ~ 25 ℃ in the conservation chamber, and other condition is constant;
Host's condition: the Bemisia tabaci Nymph in 2 ages;
The individual plant cabbage seedling is supported the worm amount: 2 ~ 4 pairs of adults are for suitable;
(4) preparation in worm source
Bemisia tabaci: the worm source of raising for the first time can gather nymph or adult from main host plants crops such as open-air tobacco, cotton, wild cabbages, and worm source afterwards selects individual healthy and strong imago breeding for subsequent use in tent-type insect breeding cage from conservation chamber in winter.
The Hai Shi eretmocerus SP: the worm source can be introduced a fine variety from Ministry of Agriculture's Strategy of Alien Invasive Species prevention and control research center for the first time, and worm source afterwards is from conservation chamber in winter.The imago breeding of conservation is for subsequent use in the insect breeding cage that Bemisia tabaci is arranged.
(5) standardization of host plant wild cabbage is cultivated
Fertilizer: urea (containing N amount 〉=46.3%);
Nutrition Soil: the general Nutrition Soil of flowers (Escort's board, also available other brand);
Kind: in sweet No. one (can also use other head cabbage varieties, between the kind to the survival rate of Bemisia tabaci without significant difference).
Sowing: by the end of January to by the end of December, broadcast once every 10 days and to plant, support the essential host of worm to guarantee the whole year, autumn and winter are sowed at seed in the greenhouse, all the other periods can vacant lot nylon cylinder mould in the open in sowing, to prevent other insects causing harm to the seedling strain; During sowing, directly cabbage seed is seeded in the black nutritive cup, nutrition cup places in the plastic casing of square uncovered, the box specification is: 65cm * 35cm * 8cm(can select according to the number of animals raised box of different model), two seeds of each nutrition cup sowing, seed is spread on the soil table, is then covering the skim nutrient matrix; Before the seed sprouting, water water every afternoon one time; Behind the seed sprouting, watered one time water every 3 ~ 4 days depending on truth; Fill with when growing to 4 ~ 5 true leaves behind the seed sprouting and execute the urea solution that 300 ~ 500ml concentration is 0.7g/L; Treat to be used for when 6 ~ 8 true leaves are grown in the seedling strain raising of Bemisia tabaci;
(6) raising of Bemisia tabaci
Bemisia tabaci adults is laid eggs: the cabbage seedling of nutrition cup cultivation is put in the insect breeding cage, and every cage is put 9 basins, the access adult, and every cage is pressed 150 ~ 200 pairs of Bemisia tabaci adults of female-male proportion access of 2:1; Connect worm and remove all Bemisia tabaci adults after 24 hours, continue to cultivate the cabbage seedling's strain with ovum, 24 ~ 28 ℃ of temperature, relative moisture 60 ~ 80%, L:D=14:10.Treat after 10 ~ 12 days that Bemisia tabaci Nymph is used for the raising of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP when growing to 2 age.
(7) raising of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP
Cultured cabbage seedling with Bemisia tabaci nymph in 2 age is moved to the bee-keeping chamber, place 8 ~ 10 young plant strains in each dependent insect cage, 50 pairs of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP adults that the male and female sex ratio is 2:1 of access in each dependent insect cage remove the parasitic wasp adult after letting alone to lay eggs 48 hours.The control environment condition that host's Bemisia tabaci is raised that is to say the control environment condition that the Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is raised.
(8) year output of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP
20m
2The insectary can put 6 foster worm framves, 3 layers on each foster worm frame, the every layer of insect dependent insect cage that can put 3 60cm * 60cm * 60cm, namely each foster worm frame can hold 9 such dependent insect cages, every cage can hold average 9 strain cabbage seedlings.If raise by this cover technical specification, but each insectary output Hai Shi of per generation eretmocerus SP: 9 cages/support worm frame * 6 foster worm frame * 9 strains/basin * (300 ~ 400)/strain=14.6 ~ 19.4 ten thousand;
Owing to reach 7 days 27 ℃ of Xia Haishi eretmocerus SP Adult worms producting eggs phases, only 16 days the go through phase of per generation from ovum to adult eclosion is therefore the production season of early March ~ by the end of November, the indoor raising for 12 generations.The producible parasitic wasp amount in insectary, so annual separate room is at least 1,750,000.
(9) Hai Shi eretmocerus SP conservation in winter
Conservation mode: raise at the indoor seedling with the nutrition cup cultivation of above-mentioned conservation in winter.
The host cultivates: by the end of October or at the beginning of 11 months cabbage seedling is directly grown seedlings in nutritive cube and place in the greenhouse, the specification of nutrition cup is 13cm * 15cm, and the matrix in the nutrition cup is vermiculite: flower nutrition soil: soil=1 ~ 1.5:2 ~ 4:3 ~ 5(volume ratio).The top, greenhouse hangs the bulb of 10 100W, opens additional illumination in 4 hours every day after the darkness.When 4 ~ 6 true leaves were grown in the seedling strain, every strain was filled with and is executed the urea solution that 300 ~ 500ml concentration is 0.7g/L, and the host plant can be used for the raising of host's Bemisia tabaci when growing to 6 ~ 8 true leaves.
Raising method: the seedling strain in the nutrition cup is put among uncovered made of square plastic magazine 65cm * 35cm * 8cm, and each plastic casing is put 9 nutrition cups.The cabbage seedling nutrition cup is put into the insect breeding cage, the access Bemisia tabaci adults, every cage connects 60 ~ 80 pairs, shifts out Bemisia tabaci adults after laying eggs 24 hours, and the Bemisia tabaci adults that shifts out can change in other dependent insect cage that is equipped with cabbage seedling and continue to lay eggs.If treat that the middle growth to 2 of Bemisia tabaci is during age, in cage, access Hai Shi eretmocerus SP adult, 30 ~ 50 pairs/cage, gathered afterwards band pupa blade in 12 days, be transferred on the cabbage seedling that is loaded with Bemisia tabaci Nymph, after parasitic wasp sprouts wings, can directly search Bemisia tabaci Nymph and carry out ovipositing hosts, realize that thus the subculture of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is raised.
The preservation of parasitic pupa: for preventing winter from running into the impact on the parasitic wasp conservation of season low temperature in the conservation process, in the indoor conservation of conservation, the higher blade of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP parasitic rate can be taken, blade is tiled in is placed with on 1% the Ago-Gel, or the parasitic pupa of milk yellow separated make the honeybee card, deposit parasitic bee pupa with 9 ± 0.5 ℃ of insulating boxs, can deposit 1 month.After depositing one month, the pupa that stores is put into the inside, conservation chamber continues to cultivate, change a collection of new pupa, continue to preserve in insulating box with identical method.
Hai Shi eretmocerus SP form and biological property:
Build is small, the long 0.8 ~ 1.0mm of body, and female polypide look is light yellow, and feeler is bar-shaped, and the male worm body colour is deep yellow brown, and the more female worm of feeler is slightly long, blackstreak is arranged, and the male and female body size is similar.
The Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is by coming dual mode control Bemisia tabaci: one, parasitism; Queen bee produces ovum between Bemisia tabaci nymph in 1 to 4 age and host plant blade, pierces in the host nymph body stasi of as the larvae grow host Bemisia tabaci Nymph after the first-instar young hatching.When becoming bee eclosion the remaining body surface of Bemisia tabaci is stung out a circular emergence hole, broken pupa and going out.Its two, take food; Suck host's hemolymph after queen bee is directly assassinated Bemisia tabaci Nymph with oopod, supplement the nutrients.The Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is finished a generation and is approximately taken 17 ~ 23 days.A female worm can parasiticly surpass 60 Bemisia tabaci Nymphs all one's life.
(1) the host adaptability of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP on difference Bemisia tabaci Nymph in the length of time
The Hai Shi eretmocerus SP can be successfully completed growth from the ovum to the adult nymph in early stage 1 ~ 4 age of Bemisia tabaci, development time with the increase parasitic wasp of Host Instar obviously shortens, and parasitizes Hai Shi eretmocerus SP larvae development on one age of Bemisia tabaci, two ages, three ages and early stage in the four ages nymph and goes through the phase and be respectively 17.4,16.3,14.2 and 13.5 days (table 1).Host Instar is not remarkable to the survival rate of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP.The survival rate of ovum and larva is average out to 96.3% and 91.8% respectively, and the survival rate of pupa is lower slightly, average out to 87.2%, the survival rate 75.2%(table 2 of whole larval phase).
The development duration (mean value ± standard error) of table 1 Hai Shi eretmocerus SP on difference Bemisia tabaci Nymph in the length of time
Alphabetical difference is illustrated in significant difference on P＜0.001 level (HSD check) behind the same column of figure.
The survival rate (mean value ± standard error) of table 2 Hai Shi eretmocerus SP on Bemisia tabaci nymph in 1 ~ 4 age
(2) temperature is on the growth of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP and the impact in female worm life-span
Studied condition of different temperatures (20,22,26,30 and 34 ℃, relative moisture 60 ~ 80%, optical illumination darkness L:D=14:10) result of study that affects of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP biological property shown, the development duration of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP raises with temperature and shortens, and under 20 and 30 ℃ of constant temperatures, the development duration that this honeybee colonizes in the Bemisia tabaci of raising on the tomato was respectively 31.7 and 12.4 days, the effective accumulated temperature of finishing growth is 247 day degrees, and threshold of development is 11.9 ℃; The queen bee life-span raises with temperature and shortens, and the queen bee life-span is respectively 11.5 and 4.7 days (table 3) under 20 ℃ and 34 ℃ of constant temperatures.
Development duration and the queen bee life-span (mean value ± standard error) of table 3 different temperatures Xia Haishi eretmocerus SP take Bemisia tabaci nymph in 2 age as the host
Different letter representations significant difference (HSD check) on 0.05 level behind the same row
(3) biological property of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP on different host plants
The host Bemisia tabaci (26 ℃, relative moisture 60 ~ 80%, optical illumination darkness L:D=14:10) of raising on different host plant tomatoes, cucumber and wild cabbage is on the impact of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP biological property.Under 26 ℃ of constant temperatures, during Bemisia tabaci Nymph on the parasitic tomato of this honeybee, cucumber and the wild cabbage, ovum to the development duration that becomes bee eclosion was respectively 15.7,16.1 and 15.2 days, corresponding survival rate be respectively 74.6%, 72.1% and 78.7%(table 4); The queen bee life-span was respectively 7.4,7.6 and 8.1 days, and average breeding amount is respectively 67.2,62.3 and 74.7 (table 5).Result of study shows that wild cabbage is the Suitable Host plant of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP, and this conclusion all has directive function to mass rearing and the field release of this honeybee.
The development duration of table 4 Hai Shi eretmocerus SP on the different host plants of Bemisia tabaci (day) and young phase survival rate (%) (mean value ± standard error)
Alphabetical difference is illustrated in significant difference on P＜0.05 level behind the same column of figure.
The life-span of table 5 Hai Shi eretmocerus SP host Bemisia tabaci on different host plants and breeding amount (mean value ± standard error)
Alphabetical difference is illustrated in significant difference on P＜0.05 level behind the same column of figure.
(4) the Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is to the control effect of Bemisia tabaci:
The Hai Shi eretmocerus SP to host's Bemisia tabaci the day lethal dose: with little worm cage for the Hai Shi eretmocerus SP provide 30 2 ~ 3 age Bemisia tabaci Nymph, 1 pair of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP of access in every dependent insect cage, shift out parasitic wasp after 24 hours, after 10 days until pupate rear statistics parasitic wasp quantity and take food the quantity of Bemisia tabaci Nymph of parasitic wasp.The Bemisia tabaci body surface that is taken food is shrivelled, is close to plant leaf blade.Experimental result shows, Hai Shi eretmocerus SP average every day of parasitic 11.5 Bemisia tabaci Nymphs take food 11.1 Bemisia tabaci Nymphs average every day, is (11.5+11.1)/30 * 100%=75.3% to host's a day lethality rate.
The Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is controlled effect to the field of Bemisia tabaci: tested the first tenday period of a month in May, 2010 and carry out in farm, scientific research pilot scale base, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Langfang.Employing is shrouded and is tested, and shrouding specification is 2.0m * 2.0m * 1.8m (length * wide * height), cage surface coverage 120 orders (20 * 20 holes/centimetre
2) guard.Plant is arranged by 4 * 5 in the cage behind the seed germination, every cage, totally 20 strain plant.Treat to access Bemisia tabaci adults first in cage when cotton seedling has two true leaves, every strain plant discharges 10 weekly, 3 weeks of continuous release.The last Bemisia tabaci that discharges begins to discharge afterwards parasitic wasp, and every strain plant is in the ratio release Hai Shi eretmocerus SP of male and female than 4:2,3 weeks of continuous release weekly.Only discharge Bemisia tabaci in the contrast cage, do not discharge parasitic wasp.
By shown in the table 7, under the Shrouding the fields condition, the Hai Shi eretmocerus SP to the parasitic rate of host's Bemisia tabaci up to ~ 30%; Compare with the control group data, the Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is 70.4%(Fig. 1 to the accumulation control effect of Bemisia tabaci).
Table 7 Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is to the Shrouding the fields control effect (Langfang in Hebei Province, 2010) of host's Bemisia tabaci
Claims (4)
1. the artificial extensive raising method of a Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) cultivation of host plant wild cabbage guarantees the pollution without any damage by disease and insect;
(2) raising of host's Bemisia tabaci;
(3) the Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is raised,
The cabbage seedling that is loaded with Bemisia tabaci Nymph is moved to the bee-keeping chamber together with dependent insect cage, cultivate parasitic wasp as the host, access Hai Shi eretmocerus SP becomes honeybee, siphon away parasitic wasp after letting alone to lay eggs and become honeybee, continue to cultivate cabbage plant, the cabbage leaves back namely has milk yellow Hai Shi eretmocerus SP pupa to occur, and the raising preference temperature of described Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is 24 ~ 28 ℃, the shading value L:D=14:10 of suitable illumination, suitable humidity is 60 ~ 80%.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step: the cultivation of (1) host plant wild cabbage is seeded in cabbage seed in the nutrition cup that is placed with nutrient matrix and cultivates, 2 ~ 3 seed/cups, described nutrient matrix are by vermiculite: flower nutrition soil becomes with local soil type; Vermiculite: flower nutrition soil: the volume ratio of soil is 1 ~ 1.5:2 ~ 4:3 ~ 5, treats to be used for when the cabbage seedling plant grows to 6 ~ 8 true leaves the raising of Bemisia tabaci.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described Bemisia tabaci raising temperature is the shading value L:D=14:10 of 24 ~ 28 ℃ of illumination, and raising humidity is 60 ~ 80%, and host plant for rearing is that the cup of standard is planted the earth culture seedling.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step: (3) Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is raised, and cultured cabbage plant is put in the dependent insect cage that connects in the zooecium, and the female-male proportion that every cage press 2:1 accesses 150 ~ 200 pairs of Bemisia tabaci adults; Connect worm and remove all Bemisia tabaci adults after 24 hours, continue to cultivate the cabbage seedling's strain with ovum;
Every cage becomes honeybee by the male and female of 1:1 than 50 pairs of Hai Shi eretmocerus SPs of access, siphons away parasitic wasp after letting alone to lay eggs 48 hours and becomes honeybee.
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