CN103918613A - Pupal-stage parasitic wasp artificial-propagation method, wasp-keeping box and manufacturing method of wasp-keeping box - Google Patents
Pupal-stage parasitic wasp artificial-propagation method, wasp-keeping box and manufacturing method of wasp-keeping box Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pupal-stage parasitic wasp artificial-propagation method, a wasp-keeping box and the manufacturing method of the wasp-keeping box. The pupal-stage parasitic wasp artificial-propagation method comprises the steps of (1) placing the parasitic wasp keeping box into a phytotron or a man-made climate box and placing parasitic wasps and hosts into the wasp-keeping box, (2) feeding the parasitic wasps periodically and guaranteeing the availability of food and water for the parasitic wasps in the box, (3) collecting and replacing the hosts, (4) supplementing parasitic wasps in the wasp-keeping box periodically and feeding the collected parasitized hosts, and (5) storing the parasitized hosts when the parasitic wasps grow to the pupal stage. By the adoption of the novel method that artificial propagation is conducted in a self-made wasp-keeping box device, people only need to open a spiral cover at the position of an inlet and use a blower to blow cold air to achieve parasitic wasp adding or host replacement, host replacement can be conducted fast in batches, and wasp propagation efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological technical field, relate to method and the needed device of application the method for parasitic wasp artificial propagation in pupa time, be specifically related to a kind of method of parasitic wasp artificial propagation in pupa time, and bee-keeping box and preparation method.
Background technology
Parasitic wasp is one of Natural Enemies monoid of insect, and the commercialization of some parasitic wasps, becomes the powerful to biological control of insect pests.Parasitic wasp produces in target pest body or body surface by ovum, and the larva of its hatching takes food insect body fluid or tissue, kills off the insect pests.Use parasitic wasp to prevent and treat and there is safety and continuation feature insect: on the one hand, the breeding of parasitic wasp only depends on the specific worm state of particular types or monoid insect, there is the host specificity to target pest, can not make a significant impact other composition in the ecosystem, free from environmental pollution, to ecological environment security; On the other hand, maintain suitable density, can be for a long time by the Harm's control of insect below economic threshold.Utilizing parasitic wasp to carry out the biological control field to insect, the biological control technology of parasitic wasp is to utilize the key of parasitic wasp.Large-scale breeding is produced parasitic wasp and is discharged into insect breeding ground, and Control pests is caused harm, and becomes a kind of eco-friendly insect improvement method.
In the artificial propagation process of parasitic wasp, need to provide host for parasitic wasp breeding, all need to regularly replace host, to expand the output of parasitic wasp.As proposing that Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao and host's bloom first pupa are put into breeding bee tube, Chinese patent (publication number CN1669415A) breeds; Chinese patent (publication number CN101507425A) proposes, when utilizing diamondback moth larvae to breed curved tail ichneumon wasp, parasitic wasp and host to be placed in numerous beehive jointly; Chinese patent (publication number CN102125002A) is placed in the normal chamber of red neck cocoon honeybee and green plant bug nymph in bee-keeping cage; Chinese patent (publication number CN102524193A) utilizes the technical scheme of the liriomyza bryoniae dominance parasitic wasps such as the latent fly Ji chalcid fly of liriomyza bryoniae raising and Fu Xin Ji chalcid fly etc.In above-mentioned technical scheme, all parasitic wasp and host are fully mixed, after the abundant parasitism of parasitic wasp, remove by parasitic host or parasitic wasp.But parasitic wasp usually exists the stronger taxis to host, usually tightly invest host and difficult separating; When Host transfer, more time-consuming operating process usually can cause parasitic wasp escape; When modes such as utilizing pooter or beating shifts parasitic wasp, usually there is again the injury to queen bee, and also need to consume larger manpower.Visible, the reproductive efficiency that have influence on parasitic wasp separated with parasitic wasp of the host in reproductive process, especially when biological control parasitic wasp.Minority technology is on addressing this problem, adopted the method for some novelties, as Chinese patent (publication number CN101356906A) proposes a kind of method that net cage that utilizes multilayer fence lattice to hang ovum card is bred egg parasitoids, the fence lattice that hang with ovum card are moved down in batches from net cage upper strata, thereby save the operation of artificial beating or brush parasitic wasp, reduced the injury to queen bee, but after final parasitism, need all fence lattice integral body to shift out net cage, still can relate to parasitic wasp and host's separation problem.The parasitic wasp and host's efficient separation problem of above-mentioned technology when all host is changed in solution not yet in effect, in breeding parasitic wasp process, during replacing host, efficiency is not high, thereby has influence on the reproductive efficiency of parasitic wasp.Visible, prior art does not solve when breeding parasitic wasp effectively by parasitic wasp and the efficient separation problem of host.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of parasitic wasp artificial propagation in pupa time, and bee-keeping box and preparation method, overcome breed traditionally parasitic wasp can not efficient separated parasitic wasp and host's shortcoming, concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A method for parasitic wasp artificial propagation in pupa time, comprises the steps:
(1) parasitic wasp is raised bees box is put into phytotron or climate box, and parasitic wasp and host are put into bee-keeping box;
(2) regular feeding, food and the water of assurance box endoparasitism honeybee;
(3) collect and change host;
(4) regular replenishment bee-keeping box endoparasitism honeybee, raise after collecting by parasitic host;
(5) by parasitic host, when being developed to pupa time, parasitic wasp preserved.
Further, in step (1), the controllable joint of the illumination of phytotron or climate box and temp. and humidity, parasitic wasp is put into bee-keeping box by the inlet hole of bee-keeping box, host is put into the embedded inner box of bee-keeping box by inlet hole, and be laid on the gauze of inner box bottom, use nylon wire by inner box and the isolation of outer box.
Further, in step (2), regularly on the nylon wire of bee-keeping box top, smear hydromel, guarantee food and the drinking-water of box endoparasitism honeybee.
Further, in step (3), before collecting by the host of parasitic wasp parasitism, by hair-dryer, blow a cold wind over, expel parasitic wasp in inner box in outer box; Open the screw lid of inlet hole, change host.
Further, in step (4), regularly by inlet hole, supplement bee-keeping box endoparasitism honeybee; After raise collecting by parasitic host, obtain parasitic wasp and for insect, administer or supplement the parasitic wasp quantity in bee-keeping box, or for preserving.
Further, in step (5) by parasitic host when parasitic wasp is developed to pupa time, use 6 ℃ of conventional refrigerator cold storage modes to preserve.
Further, in step (3), while using Hairdryer, need be adjusted to cold wind shelves, wind-force is adjusted to and the parasitic wasp that is attached to host surface can be blown open to outer box and is advisable, and while drying separated parasitic wasp, the angle of tiltable bee-keeping box, is convenient to separation; And/or, in step (4), when parasitic wasp is supplemented, the host who is mixed with new emergence parasitic wasp can be poured in the inner box of bee-keeping box, use hair-dryer to blow a cold wind over, after expelling parasitic wasp and entering in outer box, then pour out host; And/or in step (4), the parasitic wasp quantity adding can be used the mode of sampling, estimate to add the parasitic wasp quantity in bee-keeping box.
A bee-keeping box, comprises outer box, inner box and inlet hole, and wherein, described outer box top is provided with opening, and described inner box is embedded in outer box top, and inner box top is connected with outer box top seal; Described inlet hole is fixed on inner box and outer box confluent angle.
Further, inner box is the plastic wire box that the about 10L of capacity, length * wide * height are 40 * 31 * 12cm, and on inner box inwall, envelope has nylon wire; Outer box is the white plastic box that the about 30L of capacity, length * wide * height are 50 * 41 * 17cm, and the open top envelope of inner box and outer box has nylon wire; Inlet hole is used volume to make for the cylindrical transparent plastic can of 300mL, and perforate in the middle of the screw lid of inlet hole plastic tank tank mouth, seals with 100 order nylon wires.
The preparation method of above-mentioned bee-keeping box, comprises the steps:
A. make inner box: use thermosol gelgun on inner box inwall, to seal with 12 order nylon wires;
B. inner box is embedded in outer box, with thermosol gelgun, inner box top and outer box top are sealed;
C. make inlet hole plastic tank: will in the middle of the screw lid of above-mentioned cylindrical transparent plastic can tank mouth, open the circular hole that a diameter is about 6cm, envelope, with 100 order nylon wires, cuts the bottom of plastic tank, with thermosol gelgun, plastic tank is fixed on to inner box and outer box confluent angle;
D. use thermosol gelgun 100 order nylon wires to be sealed respectively to the open top of inner box and outer box, and with edge and the angle of PUR sealing device, guarantee sealing.
Compare the present invention with currently available technology:
1. the new method that employing is carried out artificial propagation in homemade bee-keeping box device, when adding parasitic wasp or changing host, only needs the screw lid at inlet hole place to open, and uses hair-dryer to blow a cold wind over, and gets final product quick, batch replacement host, improves the efficiency of numerous honeybee.
2. when raising parasitic wasp, hydromel only needs to spread upon the nylon wire top of device, convenient operation.
3. parasitic wasp is placed in printing opacity, ventilative confined space, can not produce escape.
4. use this device to raise parasitic wasp and take up space little and can stack, flexible.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the bee-keeping box schematic diagram of parasitic wasp artificial propagation
(a) bee-keeping box (b) import tank
1. 4. 5. 7. screw lid 8. plastic tanks of import tank 6. nylon wires (100 order) of nylon wire (12 order) of outer box 2. inner box 3. nylon wires (100 order)
Embodiment
Describe the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings below, it is a kind of preferred embodiment in numerous embodiments of the present invention.
A method for parasitic wasp artificial propagation in pupa time, comprises the following steps: (1) by parasitic wasp raise bees box put into controllable light according to and phytotron or the climate box of temp. and humidity, parasitic wasp is put into the box of raising bees by the inlet hole of bee-keeping box; Host is put into the embedded inner box of bee-keeping box by inlet hole, and be laid on the gauze of inner box bottom; Use the nylon wire of special pore size distribution by inner box and the isolation of outer box; (2) regularly on the nylon wire of bee-keeping box top, smear hydromel, guarantee food and the drinking-water of box endoparasitism honeybee; (3) before collecting by the host of parasitic wasp parasitism, by hair-dryer, blow a cold wind over, expel parasitic wasp in inner box in outer box; Open the screw lid of inlet hole, change host; (4) regularly by inlet hole, supplement bee-keeping box endoparasitism honeybee; After raise collecting by parasitic host, obtain parasitic wasp and for insect, administer or supplement the parasitic wasp quantity in bee-keeping box, or for preserving.(5) by parasitic host when parasitic wasp is developed to pupa time, can use 6 ℃ of conventional refrigerator cold storage modes to preserve.Bee-keeping box described in step (1) is box, inner box and 3 parts of air inlet exceptionally; Outer box is the white plastic box that the about 30L of capacity, length * wide * height are 50 * 41 * 17cm, open top; The plastic wire box that the about 10L of the embedded capacity in box top, length * wide * height are 40 * 31 * 12cm is outside inner box; Inlet hole is used volume for the cylindrical transparent plastic can making of 300mL.Step (1) comprising: (1-1) make inner box: use thermosol gelgun on inner box inwall, to seal with 12 order nylon wires; (1-2) inner box is embedded in outer box, with thermosol gelgun, inner box top and outer box top are sealed; (1-3) make inlet hole plastic tank: the circular hole that a diameter is about 6cm will be opened in the middle of the screw lid of above-mentioned cylindrical transparent plastic can tank mouth, envelope is with 100 order nylon wires, cut the bottom of plastic tank, with thermosol gelgun, plastic tank is fixed on to inner box and outer box confluent angle; (1-4) use thermosol gelgun 100 order nylon wires to be sealed respectively to the open top of inner box and outer box, and with edge and the angle of PUR sealing device, guarantee to seal.
Hydromel can be used writing brush to be applied on the nylon wire at the outer box of bee-keeping box top.While using Hairdryer, need be adjusted to cold wind shelves, wind-force is adjusted to and the parasitic wasp that is attached to host surface can be blown open to outer box and is advisable, and while drying separated parasitic wasp, the angle of tiltable bee-keeping box, is convenient to separation.When parasitic wasp is supplemented, the host who is mixed with new emergence parasitic wasp can be poured in the inner box of bee-keeping box, use hair-dryer to blow a cold wind over, after expelling parasitic wasp and entering in outer box, then pour out host.The parasitic wasp quantity adding can be used the mode of sampling, estimates to add the parasitic wasp quantity in bee-keeping box.By parasitic host, when parasitic wasp is developed to pupa time, can be used 6 ℃ of conventional refrigerator cold storage modes to preserve.
Bee-keeping box provided by the invention as shown in drawings.Described bee-keeping box is box, inner box and 3 parts of air inlet exceptionally; Square white plastic basin for outer box, the about 30L of capacity, length * wide * height are 50 * 41 * 17cm; The square porous plastics basket that for inner box, the about 10L of capacity, length * wide * height are 40 * 31 * 12cm; Air inlet is used volume for the cylindrical transparent plastic can making of 300mL; Above-mentioned material all can be bought on market.
While making bee-keeping box, first make inner box, 12 order nylon wires be cut into the sheet of corresponding size, use thermosol gelgun by nylon mesh sheet sealing label at plastic crate inwall; Housefly pupa can not pass through 12 order nylon wire apertures used, and fly pupa tiny golden wasp can freely pass through.Secondly, plastic crate is embedded in plastic basin, with thermosol gelgun, plastic crate top and outer box top are sealed; Again, make inlet hole, will in the middle of the screw lid of above-mentioned cylindrical transparent plastic can tank mouth, open the circular hole that a diameter is about 6cm, with thermosol gelgun, seal with 100 order nylon wires, cut the bottom of plastic tank, with thermosol gelgun, be fixed on inner box and outer box confluent angle at the bottom of by plastic tank; Finally, use thermosol gelgun 100 order nylon wires to be sealed respectively to the open top of inner box and outer box, each edge of testing fixture and the tightness at turning, used thermosol gelgun sealing and reinforcing.
Use method provided by the invention to raise housefly parasitic eristalis pupa in pupa time tiny golden wasp, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, by bee-keeping box put into controllable light according to and the phytotron of temp. and humidity, the temperature of climate box be 25 ± 1 ℃, intensity of illumination be 60% (about 2000lux) (L:D=14:10), relative moisture is RH=(50 ± 5) %; Approximately 2000 of parasitic wasps are put into bee-keeping box by the inlet hole of bee-keeping box; By approximately 10,000 of freezing housefly pupas after lethal, by inlet hole, put into the embedded inner box of bee-keeping box, and be laid on the gauze of inner box bottom; The screw lid of inlet hole screws.
Step 2, smear hydromel (honey and water 1:5) on box nylon wire partly every day outside bee-keeping box top, regularly with a small amount of water of spray bottle sprinkling, moistening hydromel.
Step 3, changes host every day, and during replacing, the nylon wire that sees through bee-keeping box top with hair-dryer is blown a cold wind over, and the parasitic wasp that expels inner box surface enters in outer box, and pours out rapidly the housefly pupa in box, and 10,000 left and right of supplementary housefly pupa enter in inner box; What more swap out is used plastic tank to raise by parasitic housefly pupa, and 3000 left and right of every tank, raise about 15 days, and parasitic wasp sprouts wings in a large number.
Step 4, parasitic wasp in bee-keeping box continues to raise about 1 week, in bee-keeping box, has some parasitic wasp queen bees dead, by manhole appendix, the housefly pupa of the parasitic wasp that sprouts wings in a large number is poured in bee-keeping box inner box together with parasitic wasp, with hair-dryer, expel parasitic wasp and enter to raise bees in the outer box of box, and pour out puparium.In addition, be added into before bee-keeping box fly pupa tiny golden wasp is supplemented, can carry out Sampling Estimation to going out honeybee quantity, to maintain fly pupa tiny golden wasp supplemental amount in bee-keeping box 2000 left and right.
Step 5, is placed in part under above-mentioned condition and raises 12 days by the housefly pupa of fly pupa tiny golden wasp parasitism, can proceed in 6 ℃ of conventional refrigerators, with cold storage mode, can preserve the 1-2 month, and cold storage mode is little on the emergence time of parasitic wasp and eclosion rate impact.
While utilizing the method breeding fly pupa tiny golden wasp, single assembly can obtain by 10,000 left and right of housefly pupa of fly pupa tiny golden wasp parasitism every day, 4000 left and right of fly pupa tiny golden wasp progeny size of sprouting wings every day, and parasitic wasp breeding process is easy, efficient.Also can and select suitable bee-keeping box according to queen bee quantity or space size adjustment, or when raising other parasitic wasps, according to parasitic wasp and host's size, select to be applicable to the nylon wire in aperture, outer box and the inner box of isolation bee-keeping box.
Use the present invention except breeding parasitic wasp in pupa time, also can be used for to the ovum phase or larval phase parasitic wasp breeding.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is exemplarily described above; obviously specific implementation of the present invention is not subject to the restrictions described above; as long as the various improvement that adopted method design of the present invention and technical scheme to carry out; or directly apply to other occasion without improvement, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a method for parasitic wasp artificial propagation in pupa time, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) parasitic wasp is raised bees box is put into phytotron or climate box, and parasitic wasp and host are put into bee-keeping box;
(2) regular feeding, food and the water of assurance box endoparasitism honeybee;
(3) collect and change host;
(4) regular replenishment bee-keeping box endoparasitism honeybee, raise after collecting by parasitic host;
(5) by parasitic host, when being developed to pupa time, parasitic wasp preserved.
2. the method for parasitic wasp artificial propagation in pupa time as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (1), the controllable joint of the illumination of phytotron or climate box and temp. and humidity, parasitic wasp is put into bee-keeping box by the inlet hole of bee-keeping box, host is put into the embedded inner box of bee-keeping box by inlet hole, and be laid on the gauze of inner box bottom, use nylon wire by inner box and the isolation of outer box.
3. the method for parasitic wasp artificial propagation in pupa time as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, in step (2), regularly on the nylon wire of bee-keeping box top, smears hydromel, guarantees food and the drinking-water of box endoparasitism honeybee.
4. the method for the parasitic wasp artificial propagation in pupa time as described in any one in claim 1-3, is characterized in that, in step (3), before collecting by the host of parasitic wasp parasitism, by hair-dryer, blows a cold wind over, and expels parasitic wasp in inner box in outer box; Open the screw lid of inlet hole, change host.
5. the method for the parasitic wasp artificial propagation in pupa time as described in any one in claim 1-4, is characterized in that, in step (4), regularly by inlet hole, supplements bee-keeping box endoparasitism honeybee; After raise collecting by parasitic host, obtain parasitic wasp and for insect, administer or supplement the parasitic wasp quantity in bee-keeping box, or for preserving.
6. the method for the parasitic wasp artificial propagation in pupa time as described in any one in claim 1-5, is characterized in that, in step (5) by parasitic host when parasitic wasp is developed to pupa time, use 6 ℃ of conventional refrigerator cold storage modes to preserve.
7. the method for the parasitic wasp artificial propagation in pupa time as described in any one in claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, in step (3), while using Hairdryer, need be adjusted to cold wind shelves, wind-force is adjusted to and the parasitic wasp that is attached to host surface can be blown open to outer box and is advisable, while drying separated parasitic wasp, the angle of tiltable bee-keeping box, is convenient to separation; And/or, in step (4), when parasitic wasp is supplemented, the host who is mixed with new emergence parasitic wasp can be poured in the inner box of bee-keeping box, use hair-dryer to blow a cold wind over, after expelling parasitic wasp and entering in outer box, then pour out host; And/or in step (4), the parasitic wasp quantity adding can be used the mode of sampling, estimate to add the parasitic wasp quantity in bee-keeping box.
8. a bee-keeping box, is characterized in that, comprise outer box, inner box and inlet hole, wherein, described outer box top is provided with opening, and described inner box is embedded in outer box top, and inner box top is connected with outer box top seal; Described inlet hole is fixed on inner box and outer box confluent angle.
9. bee-keeping box as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, inner box is the plastic wire box that the about 10L of capacity, length * wide * height are 40 * 31 * 12cm, and on inner box inwall, envelope has nylon wire; Outer box is the white plastic box that the about 30L of capacity, length * wide * height are 50 * 41 * 17cm, and the open top envelope of inner box and outer box has nylon wire; Inlet hole is used volume to make for the cylindrical transparent plastic can of 300mL, and perforate in the middle of the screw lid of inlet hole plastic tank tank mouth, seals with 100 order nylon wires.
10. raise bees as described in claim 8 or 9 preparation method of box, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A. make inner box: use thermosol gelgun on inner box inwall, to seal with 12 order nylon wires;
B. inner box is embedded in outer box, with thermosol gelgun, inner box top and outer box top are sealed;
C. make inlet hole plastic tank: will in the middle of the screw lid of above-mentioned cylindrical transparent plastic can tank mouth, open the circular hole that a diameter is about 6cm, envelope, with 100 order nylon wires, cuts the bottom of plastic tank, with thermosol gelgun, plastic tank is fixed on to inner box and outer box confluent angle;
D. use thermosol gelgun 100 order nylon wires to be sealed respectively to the open top of inner box and outer box, and with edge and the angle of PUR sealing device, guarantee sealing.
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| CN107182950A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-09-22 | 长江大学 | A kind of parasitic wasp parasitic rate determines device and assay method |
| CN110679550A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-01-14 | 安徽师范大学 | Large-scale artificial breeding method for ceratophaga xylostella |
| CN114391513A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-26 | 宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所（宁夏植物病虫害防治重点实验室） | Experimental device for be used for thrips to select host plant |
| CN114391513B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-12-16 | 宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所（宁夏植物病虫害防治重点实验室） | Experimental device for be used for thrips to select host plant |
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