CN107494459B

CN107494459B - Breeding method of wild silkworm larvae

Info

Publication number: CN107494459B
Application number: CN201710725547.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林永坚; 相辉; 冯启理
Original assignee: South China Normal University
Current assignee: South China Normal University
Priority date: 2017-08-22
Filing date: 2017-08-22
Publication date: 2020-09-18
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-22
Also published as: CN107494459A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for breeding wild silkworm larvae, and belongs to the field of insect breeding. The method comprises the steps that the wild silkworm larvae are fed by the insect breeding box, the insect breeding box comprises a box body I, a box body II and paper sheets, the paper sheets are covered on the box body I to serve as a box cover, and the box body II is reversely buckled on the paper sheets; creating a larger space and environment which are ventilated and can ensure that the mulberry leaves can not be dried thoroughly; the second box body which is reversely buckled can be moved in parallel according to the requirement, so that the second box body is close to or deviates from the first box body, and the humidity in the second box body is adjusted; the paper sheet is provided with a plurality of holes, and mulberry leaves are placed in the holes; on the premise of ensuring ventilation, a connecting port for the flowing space of the upper box body and the lower box body is provided, and a position for fixing the mulberry leaves is also provided; the mulberry leaves can be placed in the holes to keep an oblique posture to simulate the mulberry leaves on wild mulberry trees, and wild silkworms can also eat the mulberry leaves in the upper space through the mulberry leaves obliquely standing in the holes. The method of the invention can effectively overcome the defects of the prior art and greatly improve the success rate of larva development.

Description

Breeding method of wild silkworm larvae

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of insect breeding, and particularly relates to a method for breeding wild silkworm larvae.

Background

The silkworm is the only domesticated insect domesticated animal and is an ideal model for researching the artificial selection mechanism of the domesticated animal. The silkworm undergoes 5000 years of artificial domestication, and compared with the ancestral species of the Chinese wild silkworm, the properties of the silkworm are changed dramatically, wherein the properties comprise common domestication properties of the silkworm, birds and mammals, such as body color properties and behavior properties. For example, silkworms have reduced athletic ability, especially adults that exhibit flight loss similar to that of avian domestic animals. Silkworms also have some insect-specific domesticated traits that are altered, such as loss of behavior in moulting (i.e., the moulting of the larva at each instar to reduce the likelihood of being followed by natural enemies), and loss of mimicry behavior. The food slough and mimicry are special adaptive behavior traits evolved from biological species in the long-term natural selection process, and the behavior traits of the silkworms are rapidly degenerated under the condition of domestication. And the quantity of domesticated silkworm cocoon filaments as important economic characters is correspondingly increased. Therefore, the inheritance and molecular mechanisms of the domesticated related characters are revealed, and the gene loci related to the important domesticated characters are discovered, so that a clue is provided for revealing the important scientific problem of an artificial selection mechanism, and important gene materials are provided for silkworm breeding to guide the breeding direction, and the method has great practical significance.

The artificial domestication mechanism is researched in a mode of silkworm-wild silkworm, and the silkworm and the wild silkworm are required to be subjected to deep systematic phenotypic data recording, so that the quantitative character, particularly the behavior character difference can be accurate and quantized; on the basis, the method has the advantages of purposeful and targeted material selection, population genetics research and the like. However, the large-scale indoor breeding of the wild silkworms is not solved all the time, and the related research of the wild silkworms as experimental materials is greatly hindered. Based on this, the establishment of an effective indoor breeding system of wild silkworms becomes urgent.

The breeding difficulty of the wild silkworms is as follows:

1) people do not like to live in a group, and death is easily caused due to overlarge population density;

2) the wild silkworms can be easily damaged by hand, and can be slightly picked back into the box by mulberry leaves, once more wild silkworms are diffused, the picking back into the box is very time-consuming, so that the wild silkworms cannot be fed by opening the cover and can be fed only in a sealed manner;

3) due to strong phototaxis, the wild silkworms easily climb to the sealed cover top and cannot eat the mulberry leaves at the bottom;

4) while sealed rearing can prevent wild silkworms from climbing around, the unventilated environment can cause the moisture released by mulberry leaves into the air and CO exhaled by the wild silkworms under the respiration action₂The humidity in the box is too high due to the fact that the water cannot be scattered; CO in non-ventilated environment₂Too much and O₂The probability of disease and death of the wild silkworm can be increased under too few severe environments;

5) the young mulberry leaves are needed for raising the wild silkworms, and the mature old leaves can be properly added under the condition that the young leaves exist in 3-5 instars, so that the nutrition is balanced.

Researches show that the development of the wild silkworm larvae can be completed after 4-5 instars after 13-16 days. Generally, in summer, due to hot weather, sufficient mulberry leaves are sufficient, and wild silkworms can spin and cocoon after 4 ages. The wild silkworm larva population generation is overlapped, and larvae of different instars can be found in the same habitat. However, the larvae have single feeding habits and take tender leaves of mulberry plants as main food. Therefore, the breeding survival rate of the wild silkworms in the larval stage is low, and great difficulty is brought to the artificial breeding and the development of related researches of the wild silkworms.

In the prior art, a silkworm breeding method is usually adopted to breed the wild silkworms, but the wild silkworms are not domesticated artificially and are not suitable for the breeding mode of the silkworms. The silkworm breeding device is a plastic box, a paper box or other large boxes, wherein the plastic box is widely used due to easy cleaning. However, plastic boxes have good sealing properties and when air circulation is not smooth, fog can be generated on the walls and the cover of the box, which causes overhigh humidity. The overhigh humidity is generally caused by the factors that moisture in the mulberry leaves is released into the air, and the silkworm breathes to absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide, and the like. Too high humidity in the plastic box, and CO₂Too much and O₂The possibility of disease and death of the wild silkworm can be increased by too little severe environment. In addition, when the wild silkworms are bred in the plastic box, the wild silkworms have the wild property, and often climb onto the top cover and cannot eat tender mulberry leaves placed at the bottom of the box, so that the condition of weak constitution and easy illness is caused by long-term hunger breeding. In addition, bacteria and viruses are easy to breed in the plastic box which is high in humidity and sealed and does not circulate air, and wild silkworms are more prone to frequent diseases in the environment. Therefore, the common method uses the plastic box to hardly breed the wild silkworms in multiple heads, so that fewer wild silkworms are successfully spun and cocooned, and the large-scale breeding and the application in scientific research of the wild silkworms are not facilitated. Another rearing method is to directly breed wild silkworms in greenhouse mulberry gardens, but this method is difficult to manage and observe. Or the mulberry leaves are cultivated on potted mulberry trees, the method needs to replace the leaves regularly for updating, and the operation and the observation are inconvenient.

In addition, the prior art also adopts mulberry twigs to breed wild silkworms. As the branches are not suitable for long-distance transportation, a large amount of mulberry trees need to be planted, otherwise, the branches are quickly picked up. In addition, the mulberry branches are treated by wrapping the cut of the branches with soaked cotton balls and covering the cut with a water-impermeable layer of tinfoil paper. This operation is relatively cumbersome and if not wrapped, water can leak out. If more silkworms are raised, more branches need to be wrapped, which wastes time and labor.

Therefore, exploring the artificial breeding method of wild silkworm larvae with high survival rate, promoting more individuals to complete the generation development to obtain more ova, serving as a source of laboratory research, and continuously utilizing wild silkworm resources is one of the technical problems to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for breeding wild silkworm larvae.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a method for breeding wild silkworm larvae comprises breeding wild silkworm larvae by using an insect breeding box, wherein the insect breeding box comprises a box body I, a box body II and a paper sheet, the paper sheet is covered on the box body I to serve as a box cover, and the box body II is reversely buckled on the paper sheet; creating a larger space and environment which are ventilated and can ensure that the mulberry leaves can not be dried thoroughly; the inverted box body II can be moved in parallel according to the requirement, so that the opening part of the box body II is close to or deviates from the opening part of the box body I, and the humidity in the box is adjusted by weakening or enhancing the air circulation rate in the box; the paper sheet is provided with a plurality of holes, and mulberry leaves are placed in the holes; on the premise of ensuring ventilation, a connecting port for the flowing space of the upper box body and the lower box body is provided, and a position for fixing the mulberry leaves is also provided; the mulberry leaves can be placed in the holes to keep an oblique posture to simulate the mulberry leaves on wild mulberry trees, and wild silkworms can also eat the mulberry leaves in the upper space through the mulberry leaves obliquely standing in the holes. See fig. 1. And (4) putting the wild silkworm larvae into the first box body for group feeding of the larvae.

Preferably, the first box body and the second box body are made of plastics.

Preferably, the paper sheet completely covers the mouth portions of the first and second cases. The effect is that the insect-breeding box can keep a relatively ventilated and sealed effect; the box can absorb the excess water vapor in the box, and has the effects of moisturizing the mulberry leaves, removing excessive water and keeping the space at proper humidity.

Preferably, if more water mist or even water drops exist in the box, the humidity is over high, the box body II which is reversely buckled is moved in parallel, so that the opening part of the box body II deviates from the opening part of the box body I, and the humidity in the box is adjusted by enhancing the air circulation rate in the box.

Preferably, if there is no or little water mist in the box, the mulberry leaves will not dry up, indicating moderate moisture and no need for treatment.

Preferably, if there is no mist in the box but the mulberry leaves are dried up, indicating insufficient humidity, the upside-down second box body is moved in parallel so that the mouth of the second box body is close to the mouth of the first box body, and the humidity in the box is adjusted by reducing the ventilation rate of the air in the box.

Generally, the humidity is too high as more water mist or even water drops exist on the box wall and the box cover, and the humidity is generally more than 85%. The humidity is moderate when no or slight water mist exists and the mulberry leaves are not dried, and the humidity is about 60 percent generally at the moment.

Preferably, the wild silkworm larvae are divided into 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th and 5 th, and the breeding density of group breeding is controlled to be at least 3 activity spaces with the same wild silkworm size near each wild silkworm.

Preferably, the paper sheet comprises ordinary A4 paper, or a paper sheet of suitable thickness and suitable area is selected as required.

The plastic box used in the embodiment of the invention has the size of 25cm by 10cm by 6cm and is matched with common A4 paper. Punching 1-2 holes on A4 paper, with diameter of 6 cm. Different sizes of plastic boxes can be used as desired, and the desired sheet thickness, size and number of perforations in the paper can be adapted. When the wild silkworm is raised, the wild silkworm is placed in a lower-layer plastic box, paper is filled in the plastic box to facilitate replacement of mulberry leaves and removal of silkworm excrement, and a proper amount of mulberry leaves are placed at the bottom of the lower-layer plastic box. Generally speaking, most of young silkworms eat flat mulberry leaves, and the bigger silkworms have stronger crawling ability and prefer to crawl up inclined mulberry leaves. In addition, 1-2 folium Mori pieces are inserted into the holes of A4 paper. The purpose of this is to make the mulberry leaves inserted into the holes of A4 paper stand up, and the crawling wild silkworm can climb up from the bottom to eat the leaves. Therefore, the crawling wildness of the wild silkworms is met, the crawled wild silkworms can still eat on mulberry leaves, and meanwhile, the space expansion caused by the upper plastic box and the lower plastic box is also one of the key factors for improving the indoor breeding survival rate of the wild silkworms. The method simplifies the equipment for raising the wild silkworms, and can replace mulberry leaves and remove silkworm excrement at regular time every day (generally 2-3 times a day, the frequency is the same as that of the silkworm) like the silkworm raising.

If no obliquely standing mulberry leaves exist, part of wild silkworms can not climb to the top of the box to cause that the mulberry leaves can not be eaten, the wild silkworms are easy to have weak constitution due to hunger for a long time, and the wild silkworms climbing to the top of the box are not easy to take down by hands because of improper force application and easy to damage the wild silkworms.

Generally speaking, after the insect breeding box is arranged in the method, the humidity of the air in the insect breeding box can be ensured to be dry, and the mulberry leaves are not dried too much and are not dehydrated too much. Meanwhile, the second box body which is reversely buckled can be moved in parallel, so that the second box body is close to or deviates from the first box body, and the humidity in the box is adjusted.

Preferably, the wild silkworm larvae are divided into 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th and 5 th, and the rearing density is controlled to be at least 3 activity spaces of the same-age wild silkworms near each wild silkworm during group rearing. That is, the younger the wild silkworm, the smaller the size of the individual silkworm, and the smaller the space for 3 same-age wild silkworms. When the head of the silkworm grows, the required activity space of the 3 same-age wild silkworms is larger. Therefore, as the wild silkworms grow, the box separation treatment needs to be carried out in time to dilute the density of the wild silkworms.

The size of the plastic box for the insect breeding box is 25cm by 10cm by 6 cm; about 1 moth ring can be raised in 1 instar silkworm, about 150 heads. At age 2, half of the population is about 70, at age 3, half of the population is about 35, and at age 4, about 20. In general, in hot seasons, wild silkworms grow to 4 days after 4 years of age, and if 5 years of wild silkworms exist, the number of the wild silkworms is controlled to be about 20.

The newly hatched wild silkworms are good at crawling, tender leaves at the top end of one mulberry leaf (a small one formed by 3 small tender leaves is laid in a flat way) are placed, 1-year-old wild silkworms in four places of the box climb onto the tender mulberry leaves without long time, and 1-year-old wild silkworms on the tender mulberry leaves are more. The 2 nd-age wild silkworm is similar to the 1 st-age wild silkworm, but prefers to climb the petiole of the mulberry leaf and the vein behind the mulberry leaf. And the wild silkworms of 3, 4 and 5 ages prefer to climb on the petioles to eat the mulberry leaves, so that the mulberry leaf eating capability is enhanced, and particularly, the wild silkworms of 4-5 ages eat more mulberry leaves.

Preferably, when the silkworm excrement is bred in a group, the mulberry leaves are replaced and/or the silkworm excrement is cleaned regularly every day, and the frequency is 2-3 times per day. The conditions of silkworm eating mulberry and silkworm excrement are observed. If the silkworm excrement is dry granular, the wild silkworm is healthy. The air exchange of the insect-culturing box can be promoted when the mulberry leaves are replaced and the silkworm excrement is cleaned every time.

Preferably, when the mulberry leaves are replaced and the silkworm excrement is cleaned, the wild silkworms and the mulberry leaves are placed back into the box body I; if silkworms climb to the box wall or the paper sheet, the health degree of the silkworms is observed, and if the silkworms are healthy, the silkworms are picked up by soft substances and put into the mulberry leaves.

The specific treatment of replacing mulberry leaves and cleaning silkworm excrement comprises the following steps:

the mulberry leaves in the box are vacated together with the wild silkworms on the leaves, and some old mulberry leaves which can not be eaten are removed; the silkworm excrement is poured out. According to the situation, the sterilized new box body is used instead, or the original box body is sprayed with ethanol solution for sterilization, and then cleaned, and the silkworm is put back. Transferring the wild silkworms and the mulberry leaves into the treated box body I, and adding a proper amount of new tender mulberry leaves. If silkworms climb to the box wall or the paper sheet, the health degree of the silkworms is observed, and if the silkworms are healthy, the silkworms are picked up by soft substances such as paper towels and placed in the mulberry leaves.

Preferably, in the breeding process, if the following phenomena are found, including more water mist or fine water drops on the box wall, the paper sheet is wet, and the mulberry leaf eating rate of the silkworms is obviously slowed down, the humidity in the box is overhigh, the appetite and the growth and development of the silkworms are influenced, and the box is replaced by a new sterilized box; and the upside-down box body II is moved in parallel properly, so that the opening part of the box body II deviates from the opening part of the box body I, and the air circulation rate in the box is enhanced to adjust the humidity in the box. The advantage of the paper sheet acting as a lid is that the entire space is still closed, while the staggered spaces created by the movement promote better circulation of air to control humidity within the box.

Preferably, in the breeding process, if the fact that the humidity in the box is too high due to insufficient activity space of the wild silkworms after the wild silkworms grow is found, the box separation treatment is carried out to dilute the density of the wild silkworms, so that the silkworms have more activity space and the probability of mutual contact of the silkworms is reduced.

Preferably, in the breeding process, if no or slight water mist is found on the box wall, the mulberry leaves cannot dry up, and the silkworm excrement is in a dry granular shape, when the mulberry leaves are replaced and the silkworm excrement is cleaned, the silkworm is vacated firstly, the silkworm excrement in the box is poured out, the original box body is sprayed with ethanol solution for disinfection, and the box body is wiped clean, and then the silkworm is put back; and the upside-down box body II is moved in parallel properly, so that the opening part of the box body II deviates from the opening part of the box body I, and the air circulation rate in the box is enhanced to adjust the humidity in the box.

Preferably, when silkworm excrement is cleaned, if diseases such as diarrhea and death caused by body softening of wild silkworms in the silkworm rearing box are found, the wild silkworms in the silkworm rearing box are immediately replaced by a newly sterilized box body, and the rest of the wild silkworms suspected to be infected with diseases in the box are separated in boxes, reared and observed until the determined risk is relieved and then reared together, so that the possibility of disease transmission is reduced.

Preferably, the used cartridge is sterilized at high temperature and high pressure, and can be reused after being dried.

Preferably, if the wild silkworm in the insect breeding box is not found to have diseases, the eating is normal, the box is dry, the silkworm excrement is in a particle dry state, the wild silkworm is healthy, the environment in the box is proper, and the box does not need to be replaced.

Preferably, the mulberry leaves are young leaves of mulberry trees, are selected from healthy, large and thick leaves, and are picked for use at present or used after being dried in the air at the temperature of 4 ℃.

Tender mulberry leaves: the top end of the mulberry branch is provided with primary tender leaves which are suitable for feeding 1-2-year silkworms, a plurality of leaves under the primary tender leaves belong to the tender leaves, the color is bright green and fresh, the leaf surface is reflective, and the mulberry branch is suitable for feeding 2-5-year wild silkworms. And then the next lower part is thicker old leaves, the leaves are large, the color is dark green, the thick leaves are dry, and the silkworm feed is suitable for feeding silkworms of 4-5 years old.

The wild silkworm needs to eat tender mulberry leaves at 1-3 ages, and mature old leaves can be added under the condition that tender leaves exist at 3-5 ages, so that nutrition is balanced.

Preferably, the insect breeding box is placed in an indoor insect breeding room or incubator with the temperature of 25-26 ℃ and the humidity of 60% -70%.

Preferably, the insect culture room is a clean and ventilated insect culture room, and the insect culture room and the incubator are required to be disinfected and sterilized before each batch of silkworms is fed.

Preferably, the incubator is an incubator which is sterilized and controlled to be 14 hours in light and 10 hours in dark.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention originally provides a technology of replacing a plastic cover with a paper sheet serving as the box cover and perforating for placing mulberry leaves, which can effectively avoid the defects of the prior art and greatly improve the success rate of larva development.

The paper cover has the advantages of feeding with holes: firstly, the air circulation rate is increased, so that overhigh humidity and air CO in the box can be effectively prevented₂Too high a concentration of O₂And (4) deficiency. And secondly, a support is provided for the mulberry leaves, the mulberry leaves can be obliquely erected inside, the scene of the mulberry leaves on wild mulberry trees is simulated, the habit of claming wild silkworms is met, and the claming wild silkworms can still eat the leaves normally instead of climbing to the box cover and cannot eat the leaves. Thirdly, the paper sheet completely covers the opening parts of the first box body and the second box body, so that the wild silkworms can be prevented from climbing out of the worm breeding box; and fourthly, space expansion caused by the deviation of the upper box body and the lower box body is also one of the key factors for improving the indoor breeding survival rate of the wild silkworms.

The technology of the invention adopts the conventional plastic box, and the insect-culturing box of the technology can be obtained by combining 2 plastic boxes with the same size and one piece of A4 paper without additionally punching. Or plastic boxes and paper sheets with different sizes are selected according to requirements. The method can realize multi-head breeding of the wild silkworms, has high success rate and is convenient to manage and observe.

The method simplifies equipment for raising wild silkworms, and then adopts a silkworm raising method for management, namely regularly changing mulberry leaves and removing silkworm excrement (generally 2-3 times a day, and the frequency is the same as that of the silkworms) every day.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an insect feeding cassette of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows the life history of wild silkworm larvae;

FIG. 3 is an insect feeding cassette of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an effect view of the insect feeding cassette of the present invention viewed from above.

Detailed Description

Preferably, the first box body and the second box body are made of plastics.

The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples and comparative examples, but is not limited thereto.

Example 1

Time 2017.5 month, place: zoo insect-raising room of university of south china.

The life history of the wild silkworm larvae in this example is shown in FIG. 2.

The egg period (fig. 2A) is 10 days long (including 1 day of light blue and 1 day of full blue), and ant (wild silkworm hatching out of egg) is produced continuously until 13 days.

The method specifically comprises the following steps: ant emerged and 1-instar silkworm (FIG. 2B) took 3 days. Molting into 2-year-old silkworm (FIG. 2C) for 3 days. Molting into 3-year-old silkworm (FIG. 2D) for 3 days. Molting into 4-year-old silkworm (FIG. 2E) for 4 days. The wandering period is 2 days; the PP period is 1 day; period P0 is 1-2 hours; the pupal stage is long P13-P19, and the eyes just turn black in the middle period of pupa. The black cross and the ventilation.

The plastic box used was 25cm by 10cm by 6cm and was made up of ordinary A4 paper. The area of the a4 paper was sufficient to cover the mouth of 2 plastic boxes and the 2 plastic boxes after appropriate deflection.

A method for breeding wild silkworm larvae comprises the following steps:

1. find the wild silkworm cocoon in the field, take back to the foster room, cut the cocoon and obtain the pupa, treat that the pupa goes out the moth after, will change the male and female plastic carton 1 of wild silkworm of moth, cover the A4 paper of not stabbing the hole and back-off plastic carton 2 again, parallel translation plastic carton 2 for the oral area of plastic carton 2 deviates from the oral area of plastic carton 1, make the interior formation space that can the circulation air of box, then place this box in under the dark condition for 6 hours, treat its mating.

After mating, female wild silkworm moths can lay eggs in different places in the box, some eggs are on the box wall, others are on paper A4, if the eggs lay on the paper, the eggs are cut off together with the paper and then put into the box to be covered with new A4 paper and the plastic box 2. Placing the plastic box in an environment with the temperature of 26 ℃ and the humidity of 80%, illuminating for 14 hours and darkness for 10 hours, observing the condition of point blue after 8 days, sequentially pointing blue after 8 days, and sequentially hatching new newly hatched silkworms on the 10 th day.

When the group is raised, the raising density is controlled to be at least 3 activity spaces with the size of the wild silkworms of the same age near each wild silkworm. In the insect breeding box, silkworms of 1 year can breed about 1 moth ring, about 150 heads/box, half of silkworms of 2 year are about 70 heads/box, half of silkworms of 3 year are about 35 heads/box, half of silkworms of 4 year are about 20 heads/box, and half of silkworms of 5 year are about 20 heads/box. As the wild silkworms grow up, the box separation treatment is required to be carried out in time to dilute the density of the wild silkworms.

2. After hatching, adding tender mulberry leaves into the plastic box 1 for feeding the wild silkworms. And (3) placing the insect breeding box in an indoor insect breeding room with the temperature of 25-26 ℃ and the humidity of 60-70%. The larva of 1 and 2 years old is treated for removing silkworm excrement and adding folium Mori for 2 times per day, and the larva is added according to requirement by observing whether the humidity in the box is too wet or not and whether the folium Mori is added too much or not. If the box wall and the box cover have water mist, the humidity is judged to be too high, and if the water mist does not exist and the mulberry leaves are not dried, the humidity is judged to be proper.

3. In general, 2-year-old wild silkworms like to climb up to the top of the box, and 1 hole having a diameter of about 6cm was punched in the paper A4 from 2 years old. The holes are filled with mulberry leaves and covered with a plastic box 2. The effect diagrams are shown in fig. 3 and 4. On the premise of ensuring ventilation, a connecting port for the flowing space of the upper plastic box and the lower plastic box is provided, and a position for fixing the mulberry leaves is also provided; the mulberry leaves can be placed in the holes to keep an oblique posture to simulate the mulberry leaves on wild mulberry trees, and wild silkworms can also eat the mulberry leaves in the upper space through the mulberry leaves obliquely standing in the holes. The method is carried out 3 times per day, and the conditions of silkworm eating mulberry and silkworm excrement are observed. If the silkworm excrement is dry and granular, the wild silkworm is healthy. If the humidity in the box is too high, the plastic box 2 can be slightly deviated to cause the space difference between the upper box and the lower box, but because the paper cover is large enough, the upper space and the lower space are still sealed with the outside, and the space vacated is favorable for gas exchange, so that redundant water vapor is released through the paper sheets.

4. When the wild silkworms of 4 instars are fed to moult, the wild silkworms which enter the 4 instars at the same time need to be separately fed, and more mulberry leaves need to be added because the wild silkworms of the later instars take the mulberry leaves quickly. And replacing the insect breeding box once in about 2-3 days, and taking the old insect breeding box out for high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization treatment. The wild silkworms spinning are placed in another worm breeding box, and a cocoon forming net is placed in the other worm breeding box to be cocooned.

5. After 13-20 days of pupal period, the wild silkworm pupae can continuously produce moths, and a male and a female are independently mated and lay eggs. Male moths can be crossed for many times, and generally one male moth can be crossed for 2-3 times.

After the rearing, 129 silkworms of 158 silkworms survive and successfully breed the moths, namely, the rearing success rate is 81.6 percent, and the moths can be successfully collected and used for rearing in the next batch. Compared with the method for breeding the wild silkworm by the silkworm breeding method, the survival rate of the wild silkworm is about 30 percent, the survival rate of the method is obviously improved! Compared with the method for breeding the wild silkworms in the mulberry field, the method does not need to search the silkworm cocoons, is convenient and controllable to operate, and is easy to observe and manage.

Example 2

1. Putting the male and female wild silkworm of the moth into the plastic box 1, covering the A4 paper without poking the hole, reversely buckling the plastic box 2, moving the plastic box 2 in a proper parallel manner to cause space difference, forming a space capable of circulating air in the box, and then placing the box for 6 hours under the dark condition to meet the requirement.

2. After mating, female wild silkworm moths can lay eggs in different places in the box, some eggs are laid on the box wall, others are laid on A4 paper, if the eggs are laid on the paper, the eggs are cut off together with the paper and put into the box, and the box is covered with new A4 paper and a plastic box 2. Placing the plastic box in an environment with the temperature of 26 ℃ and the humidity of 80%, illuminating for 14 hours and darkness for 10 hours, observing the condition of point blue after 8 days, sequentially pointing blue after 8 days, and sequentially hatching new newly hatched silkworms on the 10 th day.

3. Picking tender leaves at night of 9 days, putting the tender leaves into the plastic box 1, making silkworms in the box completely green, and enabling the silkworms to emerge in the early morning of 10 days.

4. On the 10 th morning, it was observed that newly hatched silkworms had eaten on young leaves. Adding tender folium Mori continuously in afternoon. The mulberry leaves and the wild silkworms are vacated at night, the fine silkworm excrement in the plastic box 1 is wiped off by a paper towel, the tender mulberry leaves with most of the wild silkworms put in the afternoon are put in the plastic box 1, the whole part of a few silkworms with leaves on the mulberry leaves which are put in the yesterday and have wilted is cut off, the mulberry leaves and the whole part of the silkworms with leaves are put in the plastic box 1, and a new tender leaf is put in.

5. After 3 days, the wild silkworms of one age start sleeping without eating much, and the mulberry leaves are not added at the moment, and are not added in the next day, so that the sleep period of the wild silkworms is not disturbed as much as possible, and the wild silkworms can molt by themselves.

6. Feeding young leaves into second-instar wild silkworm after molting. When replacing mulberry leaves, the silkworm is vacated, the plastic box is sprayed with 70% ethanol solution for disinfection, then the plastic box is wiped clean by paper towels, then a piece of clean paper towel is laid at the bottom of the plastic box 1, the leaves with wild silkworms are placed in the paper towel, and then 1-2 tender leaves are placed on the top of the paper towel. Covering with A4 paper cover with 1 hole, inserting folium Mori into the paper cover, and covering with plastic box 2.

In the feeding process, if one of the following phenomena is found, including more water mist or fine water drops on the box wall, the paper sheet is wet, and the mulberry leaf eating rate of the silkworms is obviously slowed down, which indicates that the humidity in the box is too high, the appetite and growth and development of the silkworms are influenced, and the box is replaced by a new sterilized plastic box; and the inverted plastic box 2 is moved in parallel properly to make the mouth of the plastic box 2 deviate from the mouth of the plastic box 1, so as to enhance the air circulation rate in the box to regulate the humidity in the box.

If the reason of overhigh humidity in the box is that the number of the wild silkworms is too large or the activity space is insufficient after the wild silkworms grow up, the box separation treatment is carried out to dilute the density of the wild silkworms, so that the silkworms have more activity space and the probability of mutual contact of the silkworms is reduced.

In the raising process, if no or little water mist is found on the box wall, the mulberry leaves cannot dry up, and the silkworm excrement is in a dry granular shape, when the mulberry leaves are replaced and the silkworm excrement is cleaned, the silkworm is vacated firstly, the silkworm excrement in the box is poured out, the original box body is sprayed with ethanol solution for disinfection, the box body is wiped clean, and then the silkworm is put back.

Generally, the humidity of the box wall and the box cover is over high due to more water mist and even water drops, and the humidity is over 85 percent at the moment. Moderate moisture is indicated by leaves that do not dry without or with a slight amount of water spray, which is around 60%.

Preferably, after the silkworm excrement is cleaned, if diseases such as diarrhea and death caused by body softening of wild silkworms in the silkworm rearing box are found, the wild silkworms in the silkworm rearing box are immediately replaced by a newly sterilized box body, and the rest of the wild silkworms suspected to be infected with the diseases in the box are separated in boxes, reared and observed until the determined risk is relieved and then reared together, so that the possibility of disease transmission is reduced.

Preferably, if no disease is found in the wild silkworm in the insect breeding box, the wild silkworm takes the food normally, the box is dry, the silkworm excrement is in a particle dry state, the wild silkworm is healthy, the environment in the box is proper, and the box does not need to be replaced.

7. The silkworms are raised to the silking period according to the method, and put into a box with a cocoon forming net to be cocooned.

8. After the rearing, the wild silkworms in 3 moth rings have 433 heads for spinning and cocooning in 528 heads, namely 82.0 percent of larvae successfully spin to enter a pupal stage for moth assimilation.

Comparative example 1

The wild silkworms of examples 1-2 were directly fed by a conventional silkworm method. The conventional insect breeding box is used for breeding, and the common insect breeding box is a plastic box with a plastic cover. The insect-breeding box is provided with a plurality of holes with the size of the pinholes so as to be beneficial to air circulation.

The effects are as follows:

1. the silkworms do not need to be fed with tender leaves, only the tender leaves or the thicker leaves are needed to be fed, and the silkworms can continuously feed on the leaves. However, when the same quality of leaves is put into 1-2-year-old wild silkworms, the wild silkworms can climb onto the tender leaves, the coarse leaves are basically free of the wild silkworms, and part of the wild silkworms have the phenomena of disordering to climb the box wall and the box cover.

The wild silkworms like to eat the tender leaves in the wild, the tender leaves are generally arranged at the top ends of all branches of the mulberry, the wild silkworms climb onto the box cover and the box wall due to the wild nature, and the phenomenon that the wild silkworms climb up to the top end and can eat the tender leaves can be mistakenly considered, so that the phenomena of messy climbing of the box cover and the box cover can occur. This affects the feeding of wild silkworms and consequently the rearing of wild silkworms.

2. In the prior art, holes can be formed in the box wall and the plastic box cover when silkworms are raised, so that air circulation is facilitated, and the silkworms cannot be drilled out. However, when the wild silkworms are bred in perforated plastic boxes, the holes are too small, and the good air flow effect cannot be achieved. If the hole is too big, the wild silkworms are easy to climb outside and are difficult to retrieve on the wall and everywhere.

The inventor tries to forget to cover the cover of a box of wild silkworms, the wild silkworms run out of the insect breeding box the next day, and the life phenomenon of the wild silkworms is not optimistic when only a few of wild silkworms are retrieved in the same day and the wild silkworms are retrieved successively after a few days.

3. The density of the cultivated silkworm is relatively high, and if the wild silkworm is cultivated with the same density, the wild silkworm cannot bear the crowded environment. If more silkworm excrement is produced, the silkworm excrement cannot be cleaned in time, diseases are easy to occur, and the success rate of raising the wild silkworms is not high. The wild silkworms are bred according to the density of bred silkworms, and only about 30 percent of the larvae successfully spin to enter a pupal stage and transform the moths. The success rate is less optimistic if a large area of infection occurs.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding wild silkworm larvae is to breed the wild silkworm larvae by using a silkworm breeding box, and is characterized in that: the insect breeding box comprises a box body I, a box body II and paper sheets, wherein the paper sheets are covered on the box body I to serve as a box cover, and the box body II is reversely buckled on the paper sheets; moving the inverted box body II in parallel to enable the opening of the box body II to be close to or deviate from the opening of the box body I, and adjusting the humidity in the box body I by weakening or enhancing the air circulation rate in the box body I; the paper sheet is provided with a plurality of holes, and mulberry leaves are inserted into the holes to stand up; putting the wild silkworm larvae into the first box body for group feeding of the larvae;

wherein, the paper sheet completely covers the openings of the box body I and the box body II;

when the group is raised, the raising density is controlled to be at least 3 activity spaces with the size of the wild silkworms in the same age near each wild silkworm; regularly replacing mulberry leaves and cleaning silkworm excrement every day, wherein the frequency is 2-3 times per day;

the mulberry leaves are healthy, large and thick fresh mulberry leaves.

2. The feeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first box body and the second box body are made of plastics.

3. The feeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: if more water mist or even water drops exist in the box body I, the box body II which is reversely buckled is moved in parallel, so that the opening part of the box body II deviates from the opening part of the box body I, and the humidity in the box body I is adjusted by enhancing the air circulation rate in the box body I.

4. The feeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: if no water mist exists in the first box body, but the mulberry leaves are dried up, the second box body which is reversely buckled is moved in parallel, so that the opening part of the second box body is close to the opening part of the first box body, and the humidity in the first box body is adjusted by weakening the air circulation rate in the first box body.

5. The feeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the feeding process, if the following phenomena are found, including more water mist or fine water beads on one wall of the box body, the paper sheet is wet, and the mulberry leaf eating rate of silkworms is obviously reduced, the box body is replaced by a newly sterilized box body I; and the upside-down box body II is moved in parallel properly, so that the opening part of the box body II deviates from the opening part of the box body I, and the air circulation rate in the box body I is enhanced to adjust the humidity in the box body I.