CN102144623A - Ecological imitation indoor constant-temperature scorpion breeding method - Google Patents
Ecological imitation indoor constant-temperature scorpion breeding method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological imitation indoor constant-temperature scorpion breeding method, comprising the following steps of: building a scorpion breeding farm; breeding scorpions, and controlling the feeding stuff, the temperature and the humidity to enable the scorpions to grow, develop and propagate, and enable baby scorpions to survive, wherein the feeding stuff adopts artificially bred yellow mealworms, Chinese polyphaga, asepsis flies or captured crickets, ants, woodlouses, earthworms and centipedes; the temperature is 32-35 DEG C; in the development process of the scorpions, the soil moisture content at the bottom of a scorpion breeding pool or a scorpion breeding basin is 25%-30%, and the relative air humidity of the scorpion breeding farm is 50%-60%. With the adoption of the scorpion breeding method, each mother scorpion can propagate about 50 scorpions in two times each year, the survival rate of the scorpions is more than 90%, and the death rate of the mother scorpions is reduced by 50%, so that time and labor are both saved, and the cost on breeding scorpions is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of scorpion, relate to the method that a kind of bionical attitude constant indoor temperature is supported scorpion specifically.
Background technology
The Scorpio Arthropoda, arachnids, Scorpionida.Go out walking in the night, flesh-eater, based on the insect and the small animal of fresh aquatic food, software succulence, as yellow mealworm, aseptic rope maggot, earthworm etc., and animals such as rabbit meat, rat meat, mutton, beef, also eat the fruit forage sometimes.Scorpion property happiness drying has the habit of the dormancy of going into hibernation, ovoviviparity, and the young scorpion that is born often is defeated by the parent back side, through once beginning to live voluntarily after the decortication.The ordinary circumstance scorpion lives in the open air, from young scorpion to becoming about 1000 days (3 year) of scorpion.
Scorpion grows in the open air and can be divided into long-term, filling phase, resting stage and recovery phase in 1 year.
Vegetative period; From Clear and Bright to White Dew (about 150-160 days), this be scorpion nourish and grow in the whole year and breed the growth best period.
The filling phase: from the Autumnal Equinox to the Frost's Descent (about 40-50 days), scorpion actively lays in nutrition, carries out the preceding preparation of going into hibernation.
Resting stage: from the Beginning of Winter to the rainwater (about 120-130 days), growing of scorpion pauses fully, is in dormancy and hides, do not eat fully the state of not drinking.
The recovery phase: from the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) of the lunar calendar to clear and bright (about 30-50 days), the scorpion that is in resting state begins the activity of coming out of hibernation of reviving gradually.
Scorpion is the traditional rare medicinal herbs of China, and it has functions such as anticancer, detoxifcation, pain relieving, in addition, serves as China's one big famous dish with the dish of the scorpio cooking, and the social demand amount is very big, and wild resource lacks in recent years, propagates artificially to be called the important channel that scorpion is originated.The artificial scorpion breeding is a special cultivation industry of being well worth doing, but supports really success and develop into scale seldom of scorpion, particularly young scorpion decortication difficulty, growth rate and to plant the scorpion reproduction rate low be the main cause of supporting the scorpion failure.
At present, greenhouse constant temperature is raised scorpion, then can shorten growth cycle greatly.At food in abundance, under the situation that condition suits, generally through 8-10 month, young scorpion can grow for becoming scorpion, and the scorpion mother can breed 2-3 time among 1 year, thereby had changed growth time and the breeding cycle of scorpion substantially.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of bionical attitude constant indoor temperature to culture the method for scorpion.
The technical scheme that realizes above-mentioned purpose is as follows:
A kind of bionical attitude constant indoor temperature is supported the method for scorpion, may further comprise the steps: set up and support the scorpion field; Culture scorpion, control feed, temperature, humidity survive its growth, growth, farrowing, son, and described feed is: cricket, ant, pillworm, earthworm, the centipede of propagating yellow mealworm, ground beetle, aseptic fly or seizure artificially;
Described temperature is: 32-36 ℃;
When scorpion grows, support at the bottom of the pond of culturing scorpion in the scorpion field or the soil moisture content 25%-30% at the bottom of the basin, relative air humidity is at 40-70% in the foster scorpion field.
Preferably, described feed is for propagating yellow mealworm artificially, the son survives the stage, be mixed with a certain amount of egg manufactured feed and/or a spot of cystine in the feed in order to the yellow mealworm of raising young scorpion, consisting of of described egg manufactured feed a: egg, 90-110g water, 25-35g calcium powder, 40-50g glucose; The consumption of described egg manufactured feed is: every 1000g yellow mealworm adds 45-55g egg manufactured feed; The consumption of described cystine is: every 1000g yellow mealworm adds the 10-20g cystine.
Preferably, described scorpion farrowing is during the stage, and stocking density is that the female scorpion capacity of 1 cubic metre scorpion nest is no more than 500 scorpions; When female scorpion just before giving birth the time, the male and female scorpion separated raise; Female scorpion just before giving birth during, at 8～9 feeds of throwing something and feeding in evening, in time pick at the feed of will not eating up early in the morning in second day of the feed of throwing something and feeding.
Bionical attitude constant indoor temperature of the present invention is supported the method for scorpion, mainly has the following advantages:
1, suitable isoperibol has lowered the lethality of medicine scorpion greatly, and the survival rate that makes scorpion is up to more than 90%, and has reduced female scorpion lethality 50%, has reduced the cost of foster scorpion.
2, described method can be accelerated to grow, and strengthens disease-resistant anti-adversity ability, reduces feeding cost, improves output benefit.
3, the scorpion of the method for the invention breed has very high medical value, because of it has the rich in amino acid composition, is particularly suitable for doing the medicine scorpion.
Embodiment
The feed of scorpion comprises feed of animal origin and the vegetable feeds such as wheat batter, corn batter such as fresh meat of various insects and domestic animal, poultry.Feed of animal origin can satisfy the needs that scorpion grows, thereby, can not feed vegetable feed.Can feed coexist for a long time with scorpion, is one of standard of selecting by feed.It is higher to satisfy the scorpion required temperature of growing, and fresh meat is rotten in the too high easy fermentation of scorpion nest internal cause temperature, not only influences the scorpion living environment, also is unfavorable for the growth of scorpion.In case eaten the rotten feed of fermentation, just can cause scorpion sick.So the artificial scorpion breeding should be to culture, catching various insects is feed.Seizable insect has cricket, ant, pillworm, earthworm, centipede etc., is subjected to the influence of season and weather but catch insects, and is difficult to satisfy the needs of scorpion food.At present successful method is to propagate yellow mealworm, ground beetle, aseptic fly etc. artificially, and yellow mealworm can be satisfied the needs that scorpion grows, and also can coexist for a long time with scorpion, even scorpion eats, worm still lives, and does not pollute the environment, and feeds the selection that scorpion is the best so support worm.Feed to being mixed with a certain amount of egg manufactured feed and a spot of cystine in the feed of yellow mealworm and be beneficial to young scorpion decortication.
Scorpion belongs to poikilotherm, and along with temperature raises gradually, it also begins the activity of reviving by hibernation, growth and farrowing.The optimum temperature of hibernation should be 3～5 degrees centigrade, is no more than-2～7 degrees centigrade at most, and scorpion revived and begins activity slightly when temperature surpassed 10 degrees centigrade.Most of scorpion is movable and have and begin feed on a small quantity after temperature surpasses 15 degrees centigrade.After temperature surpassed 20 degrees centigrade, most of scorpion began feed, and indivedual scorpions begin growth.When temperature surpassed 25 degrees centigrade, the scorpion feed was accelerated, and most of scorpion begins to grow.Shorten the period of pregnancy of grow, farrow quickening, the female scorpion of scorpion when temperature is elevated to more than 30 degrees centigrade, and young scorpion survival rate increases.32-35 ℃ is that scorpion grows, grows, farrows, survives optimal temperature.If temperature can be controlled within this scope, be 95 days the period of pregnancy of scorpion, and a female scorpion can produce 3 tires in 1 year, and young scorpion scorpion from be born to growing up to into only needs 8 months.But temperature is no more than 38 degrees centigrade, in case surpass, scorpion dewaters easily.The long height relation with temperature of the whole growth of scorpion is very big, so, support the scorpion family and should build the scorpion room according to the financial resources of oneself, temperature required to guarantee scorpion.
Scorpion also has comparatively serious requirement to humidity, and majority think that it is moist that scorpion is liked, and actually this is not so.Scorpion is that the dried fearness of happiness is wet, but too drying is unfavorable for that scorpion grows, so should keep in the ordinary course of things doing wet night in daytime and nest in do, principle that the space for activities is wet, make its culture at the bottom of pond or the earth water content at the bottom of the basin between 15%～20%, relative air humidity is being an optimum humidity with 55%.
Embodiment 1
The method that scorpion is cultured in the described south of present embodiment may further comprise the steps:
One, set up foster scorpion field:
The foundation of supporting the scorpion field is selected to meet its life habit because of scorpion ecotope under field conditions (factors), the condition of growth and breeding, and make things convenient for the place of feeding and management.The scale of scorpion field is changeable, should note following some: (1) physical features environment should select leeward on the sunny side, the low sloping seedbed band in high south, north.Draining is good, and is quiet pollution-free.(2) to decide area according to the breed scale.(3) attention scorpion field soil property pH value is advisable between 6-8, crosses to exceed to hang down scorpion all is harmful to, and particularly young scorpion can cause death.(4) equipment: support equipment such as to be equipped with drinking-water, nursings, sterilization, branch are foster, seizure in the scorpion field, especially will be equipped with warming-up device.Can heat with common fiery pit, native heating installation, electric heater or the like equipment, also can take greenhouse by solar heat to culture; Humidification apparatus can be used the medium-sized pesticide sprayer of miniaturised nebuliser, as using electronics humidifier, one of then per 40 square metres of environment configurations.
Tank interior is supported method: the tank interior method of supporting is exactly to support scorpion in the indoor pond of building, and selects or build the scorpion room of a suitable scorpion life habit.When selecting or build scorpion pond and scorpion room, should at first consider, whether quiet around the scorpion room, scorpion pond, ventilate, preserve moisture, whether draining good, whether illumination sufficient.Though scorpion perches the dark place daytime, fear that strong illumination and sunlight are exposed to the sun, and also need certain illumination.Build in the scorpion pond, can brickly become one to arrange the pond indoor according to the size in scorpion room and height.The length in pond can be decided according to foster scorpion.Wide is 0.9 meter, and height is 0.5 meter.Operating personnel can stretch out one's hand and get at the opposite like this, can bend over again to get at the bottom of the pond.Smear without cement at the bottom of the pond or brick, get final product with not shakeout compacting by the saprolite of agricultural chemicals or pollution by chemical fertilizer.But pool wall must be used the cement troweling, and will stick 0.2 meter high glass or plastic foil around the pool wall upper end, climbs out of flight to prevent scorpion.Build into the artificial hillock that scorpion perches with brick or tile in the pond.Can slightly to exceed the pond suitable for reading for height, but all around must be from the distance of 0.2 meter of pool wall in case scorpion drops to outside the pond, and between the brick of building artificial hillock and brick or tile and tile, to reserve the slit that suitable scorpion is movable and pass in and out.The humidity of utilizing the pond to support method is easy to control, but will often clear up and be strictly on guard against that the plague of rats, anaphelism and foreign material pollute.
Indoor layer frame basin is supported method: the indoor layer frame basin method of supporting is at indoor angle iron or other material centimetre near 2.5 centimetres on wall, and is wide 0.5 meter, layer with layer between 0.3 meter multilayer shelf.Putting internal diameter at each layer of shelf is 0.56 meter, and height is 0.15 meter a plastic basin.The plastic basin inwall must be smooth, climbs out of the basin flight in order to avoid think scorpion.Put that one deck 3 cm thicks do not have agricultural chemicals and not by the saprolite of pollution by chemical fertilizer, the concora crush reality of lying in that basin is low.8 centimetres basin central authorities put upside down and stack the fiberglass tile apart from the basin limit in basin, and it is suitable for reading that the height that tile stacks can slightly exceed basin, can increase canopy like this and support area.
Breeding density, breeding density are generally according to deciding the length of time of scorpion.Put 3000 of young scorpions in 2～3 ages in a suitable place to breed for every square metre; 4～5 ages, young scorpion was 1500; Becoming scorpion is 8000; Planting pregnant scorpion is 1000.
Two, culture scorpion, control feed, temperature, humidity survive its growth, growth, farrowing, son.
(1) foodstuff is thrown something and fed: it is to feed fresh and alive yellow mealworm (certainly, also can the feeding ground beetle, cricket, ant, pillworm, earthworm, the centipede of aseptic fly or seizure, and with the yellow mealworm optimum) that family cultures its main foodstuff of scorpion on a small scale).Big scorpion feeds tenebrio molitor, and little scorpion feeds little yellow mealworm, general every day can be by 5～7 scorpions eat a yellow mealworm and calculate the feeding amount.During feeding yellow mealworm is placed on and moulds for a short time in the dish, again shallow bid is placed on the frequent activity of scorpion and seeks on the place of food.Also can feed some foodstuffs more, cause and torture in order to avoid scorpion strives the fierce bucket of food.
(2) supply water: be placed in the little vinyl disc with the sponge block that suctions water, shallow bid be placed on the often movable place of scorpion again, preferably the 6 pm clock of every day washes sponge and shallow bid, in order to avoid water quality degenerates, pollutes the generation that causes the scorpion disease.Scorpion can also just draw portion of water in earth except that absorb moisture in sponge.According to the artificial shape scorpion of this characteristic when carrying out cavernous body and supplying water; also should be during at 8 o'clock of the morning every 3～5 days; spray the drinkable water of cleaning equably around the often movable place of scorpion with watering can, reach earth moistening but not ponding for well, to satisfy the needs of scorpion to moisture.(3) plant selection and the management of scorpion: should select that build is big, the shinny stalwartness of body surface is active, the bending of supporting or opposing of honey stomach, afterbody, adaptable scorpion is as kind of a scorpion.The selection stocking density of planting scorpion is not too big, prevent to cut one another's throats inadequately because of the mating place.Between pairing-season, the place is smooth, wants dry in the nest, and it is sufficient that drinking-water is wanted, and temperature will remain on 32-36 ℃ and be advisable.
(4) feeding and management of pregnant scorpion: as find female scorpion abdominal obesity, and can see the granular embryo of adularescent rice in the abdomen through membranous wall, illustrate that this pregnant scorpion has soon farrowed.The preference temperature of pregnant scorpion of farrowing is 33 ℃～36 ℃.Temperature is on the low side can to prolong the pregnancy period, and may cause difficult labour, and still birth rate is also high, so temperature is crucial to pregnant scorpion.Should pick out in time mother-son scorpion so just before giving birth and to be placed on separately in the delivery room; The container of doing the delivery room adopts glass preserving jar or plastic bottle all can.
The scorpion farrowing needs the condition of control as follows:
(A) reduce density.When scorpion near just before giving birth the time, stocking density will lower, and can make and leave the 1cm space between tile and the tile building four jiaos of thick small pieces of tiles of each hassock 1cm of tile of nest, like this, can increase the volume of scorpion nest, reduces density.The female scorpion capacity of 1 cubic metre scorpion nest should not surpass 500, and few more young scorpion survival rate is high more.Be noted that also the tile of building nest has one side coarse, one-sided smooth must be placed asperities up, can catch tile when being beneficial to female scorpion farrowing and the decortication of young scorpion, improves young scorpion decortication survival rate.
(B) male and female will be separated.When scorpion just before giving birth the time, the male and female scorpion in time should be separated raising, single cave formula that adopts with good conditionsi is raised, and promptly scorpion mother puts into a bottle or cup will be put the scorpion nest pad soil that 1cm is thick at least, is beneficial to keep humidity.Just before giving birth the identification method of scorpion is: the scorpion tail scrolls up, tail tip, the preceding 4 days left and right sides mops floor to just before giving birth the time approximately, and it is slowly movable, at this moment scorpion tail and back center line are on the same line before pregnant, conceived back tail is displaced to opposite side, as not long on center line, available at ordinary times hand catches tail that the scorpion mother is slowly stood up, and can be clear that the little scorpion of white grain of rice shape under female scorpion belly.
(C) throw sufficient feed.Must send out between the farro wing period and allow mother have enough, throw something and feed 8～9 of evenings during just before giving birth, the insect that does not eat up in time will be picked early in the morning.Scorpion likes preying on the strong insect of energy, and reason is the scorpion low vision, mainly by the ultrasonic predation, reduces as insect is movable, and scorpion just is not easy to catch.The temperature of the movable growth of insect is lower than 5～10 degrees centigrade of scorpions, and the insect of just having put into the scorpion nest is born and can't stand high temperature, and activity adds the straightforward man, just is being suitable for scorpion and is preying on.M seq, insect passes through long-time high temperature and feels oppressed, and activity reduces greatly, has been not suitable for scorpion and has searched for food, and should in time detect.
(D) give enough drinking-water.Female scorpion feeds the fresh vegetable leaf should for the yellow mealworm of the scorpion of throwing something and feeding just before giving birth the time more, allows scorpion eat the big insect of water content, to increase cylinder water content.Simultaneously, nontoxic sponge is watered the water of a little, be advisable, put into scorpion pond or bottle, allow moisture in female scorpion added body not drip.
(5) feeding and management of young scorpion: the young scorpion in about ten days postpartum, just climb down the next young scorpion that can live on one's own life from female scorpion back, should in time separate raising with female scorpion.Because female scorpion is through after gestation, childbirth and carrying on the back the son, physical demands is very big.Especially during childbirth and back of the body son.Female in full scorpion does not eat food, does not drink water.Finish and just enter a glutonous stage after its back of the body son brings up young scorpion task when young scorpion climbs down female back of the body; untimely or not enough as feeding; the female scorpion that has just might kill and devour young scorpion, also is that the young scorpion of protection does not suffer female scorpion infringement so in time female scorpion is separately raised, and improves the key of young scorpion survival rate.Female young separation can be chosen female scorpion in bottle, then, female scorpion, young scorpion are put into female scorpion respectively, young scorpion raises the pond or basin is raised separately respectively.Young scorpion leaves parent and also enters glutonous stage later on, predation round the clock, and this is to drop into the little yellow mealworm (as the little yellow mealworm in 1～2 age) of capacity, to satisfy the needs of young scorpion; Not so, also kill and devour mutually between young scorpion and the young scorpion, often with a little less than the strong food.But anorexia when changing in quality, do not take food in each front and back of changing in quality in 2～4 days.Young scorpion survives the stage, is mixed with a certain amount of egg manufactured feed and a spot of cystine in the feed of yellow mealworm and is beneficial to young scorpion decortication.The composition proportioning of described egg manufactured feed is: an egg, 90-110g water, 25-35g calcium powder, 40-50g glucose; The consumption of described egg manufactured feed is: every 1000g yellow mealworm adds 45-55g egg manufactured feed; The consumption of described cystine is: every 1000g yellow mealworm adds the 10-20g cystine.
Female scorpion in postpartum will in time be dropped into male scorpion after separating raising with young scorpion, to guarantee and female scorpion mating.Etc. after female scorpion mating pregnancy with male scorpion, pick out independent raising.
(6) the humidity growth of animal be unable to do without water, and scorpion too.Scorpion obtains moisture from two aspects: the one, and living environment (humidity) absorbs moisture by body surface; Be directly to obtain on the other hand by feed and drinking-water.The height of temperature is corresponding to the requirement of humidity, that is: low then humidity is little for temperature, and the temperature height is high humidity then.The water content of soil of having a rest during hibernation in the nest can bring up to 25%.After hibernation was revived, soil moisture content can bring up to 20% in the nest.When scorpion began to grow, water content can be brought up to more than 25%.When scorpion grows when accelerating, the scorpion soil moisture content must bring up to 30%, and the drinking-water that cleaning will be arranged is supported in the scorpion field relative air humidity at 50-60% for drawing.
By above scorpion-raising method, 2 tires of can farrowing every year, farrowing is about 50, and survival rate is up to more than 90%, and reduced female scorpion lethality 50%, the cost of the foster scorpion that not only saved labor but also reduced.
Claims (4)
1. the method that bionical attitude constant indoor temperature is supported scorpion may further comprise the steps: set up and support the scorpion field; Culture scorpion, temperature, the humidity of control feed, foster scorpion field, its growth, growth, farrowing, son are survived, it is characterized in that, described feed is: cricket, ant, pillworm, earthworm and/or the centipede of propagating yellow mealworm, ground beetle, aseptic fly or seizure artificially; Described temperature is: 32-36 ℃; Support at the bottom of the pond of culturing scorpion in the scorpion field or the soil moisture content 25%-30% at the bottom of the basin, relative air humidity is 40-70% in the foster scorpion field.
2. bionical attitude constant indoor temperature according to claim 1 is supported the method for scorpion, it is characterized in that described feed is for propagating yellow mealworm artificially; Young scorpion survives the stage, in order to egg manufactured feed and the cystine that is mixed with in the yellow mealworm feed of raising young scorpion; The composition proportioning of described egg manufactured feed is: an egg, 90-110g water, 25-35g calcium powder, 40-50g glucose; The consumption of described egg manufactured feed is: every 1000g yellow mealworm adds 45-55g egg manufactured feed; The consumption of described cystine is: every 1000g yellow mealworm adds the 10-20g cystine.
3. bionical attitude constant indoor temperature according to claim 1 is supported the method for scorpion, it is characterized in that, during the stage, stocking density is that the female scorpion capacity of 1 cubic metre scorpion nest is no more than 500 scorpions in female scorpion farrowing; When female scorpion just before giving birth the time, public scorpion, female scorpion separated raise; Female scorpion just before giving birth during, at 8～9 feeds of throwing something and feeding in evening, in time pick at the feed of will not eating up early in the morning in second day of the feed of throwing something and feeding.
4. bionical attitude constant indoor temperature according to claim 3 is supported the method for scorpion, it is characterized in that farrow pregnant scorpion during the stage, described temperature is 33 ℃～36 ℃; When female scorpion just before giving birth the time, the male and female scorpion separated raise.
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| CN103719041A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 铜陵桂生生态养殖有限公司 | Method for enabling dehydrated scorpions to be recovered quickly |
| CN103719026A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 铜陵桂生生态养殖有限公司 | Humidity keeping method for scorpion farms |
| CN103719038A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 铜陵桂生生态养殖有限公司 | Feeding method for supplying sodium and potassium to scorpions |
| CN103719031A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 铜陵桂生生态养殖有限公司 | Method for preventing scorpion stillbirth |
| CN103719607A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 铜陵桂生生态养殖有限公司 | Breeding method for replenishing calcium and phosphorus to scorpion |
| CN103719032A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 铜陵桂生生态养殖有限公司 | Culture method capable of preventing scorpions from killing one another |
| CN103749396A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-30 | 铜陵桂生生态养殖有限公司 | Method for adjusting hibernation of scorpions by using weathered soil |
| CN103749392A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-30 | 铜陵桂生生态养殖有限公司 | Scorpion water-feeding method |
| CN103734091A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-23 | 铜陵桂生生态养殖有限公司 | Culture method for scorpions during breeding period |
| CN103766323A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-05-07 | 铜陵桂生生态养殖有限公司 | Method for removing mites from scorpion pool |
| CN104396891A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-11 | 临沂大学 | Heterometrus spinifer breeding method |
| CN104396891B (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2016-05-04 | 临沂大学 | The cultural method of Asia rainforest scorpion |
| CN106721342A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-05-31 | 铜陵桂生生态养殖有限公司 | A kind of aqueous solution type scorpion young baby's starter diet |
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