CN103125451A - Method for propagating Exorista civilis Rondani - Google Patents
Method for propagating Exorista civilis Rondani Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for propagating Exorista civilis Rondani. The method includes following steps: inoculating a female of Exorista civilis Rondani waiting for oviposition onto a plant seedling with host larvae, performing fly-growing cultivation, and collecting Exorista civilis Rondani to realize propagation, wherein a host is an armyworm or meadow moth. The method for propagating Exorista civilis Rondani is convenient, quick, economical, easy for standardized operation and capable of quickly propagating Exorista civilis Rondani in a large number even realizing commercialized production to realize biological control.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological technical field, relate to and a kind ofly expand numerous cluster parachute and chase after the method for posting fly.
Background technology
Beet webworm Loxostege sticticalis L. belongs to Lepidoptera, and Pyralidae class insect is a kind of universal farming and animal husbandry insect, because its host plant is of a great variety, is that a kind of intermittence is broken out and has a destructive migratory pest.In the beet webworm parasitic insect, parasitic fly will, higher than parasitic wasp, play the important regulating and controlling effect to the host population to the parasitic rate of beet webworm.The abundantest with parasitic fly in the natural enemy monoid of beet webworm, be to control that beet webworm is caused harm and the key factor of population dynamic.
Mythimna separata Mythimna separata (Walker) belongs to Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, and popular name armyworm, agrotis etc., be one of Major Pests harmed the crops, when large the generation, also cause harm flax, tomato, legume crop, be a kind of gluttony insect.Mythimna separata chases after the Hosts of posting fly as cluster parachute, cluster parachute chases after to be posted fly the control of mythimna separata is also had to obvious effect, at cluster parachute, chases after and posts fly and expand when numerous, plays an important role.
Full skirt chases after posts fly (Exorista civilis Rond.) genus diptera Larvaevoridae (Diptera:Tachinidae), is one of considerable advantage parasite on China beet webworm larva.Apply this parasitic fly and control the insects such as beet webworm and mythimna separata and there is lot of advantages, mainly comprise: (1) it can parasitic various pests (beet webworm, mythimna separata, prodenia litura, beet armyworm etc.); (2) its developmental rate is very fast, and population can increase fast, and it is convenient to raise; (3) its control is effective, can endanger by prevention insect larva quickly and efficiently; (4) its population quantity of Control pests to a certain extent, and harm in the present age that can Control pests.(5) overcome the drawback that the Traditional Man subculture is bred, cluster parachute has been chased after post fly can carry out the annual accumulation and breed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly expand numerous cluster parachute and chase after the method for posting fly.
The numerous cluster parachute of expansion provided by the present invention chases after the method for posting fly, specifically can comprise the steps: that inoculating cluster parachute to be laid eggs to the plant seedlings with the host larva chases after and post the female fly of fly, is gone out fly and cultivates, and collects cluster parachute and chases after and posts fly, realizes expanding numerous; Described host larva is armyworm larvae or beet webworm larva.
In one embodiment of the invention, described host is specially mythimna separata; Described armyworm larvae is specially the mythimna separata in 5 ages.
In said method, cluster parachute described to be laid eggs chases after the inoculation quantity of posting the female fly of fly and the ratio of described armyworm larvae quantity is 1:50.
In said method, described plant can be wheat.
In one embodiment of the invention, described plant seedlings is specially the growth wheat seedling of 9 days; Further, the described growth wheat seedling of 9 days is that wheat seed is after planting cultivated the wheat seedling obtained in 9 days, is denoted as the 1st day from planting seed.The height of seedling of the described growth wheat seedling of 9 days can reach 10cm.
In said method, describedly gone out the incubation time that fly cultivates and be generally 32-35 days, from inoculating cluster parachute to be laid eggs, chase after and post the female fly of fly to gathering in the crops into fly, whole numerous fly cycle is approximately 32-35 days.In certain temperature range, cluster parachute chases after posts the rising growth cycle shortening of fly along with temperature, and therefore, the breeding cycle also can correspondingly shorten.
In said method, numerous indoor in expansion, the access amount of described armyworm larvae is 2300-2400 head/m
2(as 2378/m
2) the numerous chamber of described expansion floor space.
In the numerous cluster parachute of expansion provided by the present invention chases after the method for posting fly, environmental condition is: 23 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, relative air humidity 60%-70%, photoperiod L:D=14h:10h.In one embodiment of the invention, described temperature is specially 23 ℃, and described relative air humidity is specially 60%.
The numerous cluster parachute of expansion provided by the present invention chases after the method for posting fly, convenient, economical, be easy to normalizing operation, chase after and post fly but rapid, high volume expands numerous cluster parachute, so that commercialization production, reach the purpose to biological control of insect pests.
Embodiment
The experimental technique used in following embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method.
In following embodiment, material used, reagent etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
In following embodiment, photoperiod Lx:Dy means light irradiation time x hour every day, dark duration y hour, x+y=24.
Cluster parachute chases after posts fly: be recorded in " Xiang Hongyan, Liu Aiping etc.; " environmental entomology newspaper ", March2012,34 (3): 333-338 " in a literary composition, the public can obtain from grassland research institute, China Agriculture academy of sciences.In the present invention, cluster parachute chases after and posts fly and can obtain in the following way: a. will chase after the meadow snout moth's larva cocoon of posting fly blow with cluster parachute and put into incubator and hatched, and collect the cluster parachute and chase after and posts fly; B. can catch cluster parachute in the wild and chase after the adult of posting fly.
Embodiment 1, utilize mythimna separata to expand numerous cluster parachute to chase after the method for posting fly
One, the cultivation of seedling
1, the seedling kind is selected
Seedling is selected wheat, is just selecting color, and particle is large, full, regular shape, homogeneous seed.
2, seedling is numerous soon
Quick propagating and cultivating condition: the optimal environmental condition of seedling plantation growth: 23 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, relative moisture 70%-80%, photoperiod L:D=14h:10h.
(1) sowing: on enamel pallet (the blue limit of white background, 38*50 ㎝) spread the culture matrix that approximately 1 ㎝ is thick (vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses etc.), wheat seed is seeded on culture matrix, density is one and is close to one, cover again the approximately thick culture matrix of 1 ㎝, culture matrix is irrigated.To be denoted as the 1st day planting seed day.
(2) germinate: the pallet of having sowed is placed in incubator, is germinateed.
(3) when height of seedling is approximately 2 ㎝, from incubator, take out, grown indoor.
(3) can be used for raising mythimna separata when height of seedling is approximately 10 ㎝.
Cultivate altogether 9d from seed to needed seedling, height of seedling is approximately 10 ㎝, can be used for next link.
Two, host's (mythimna separata) expansion is numerous
1, the obtain manner of mythimna separata
Gather the 4-5 instar larvae of mythimna separata Mythimna separata (Walker) in the Sha Er of the grassland research institute, China Agriculture academy of sciences proving ground of oozing August, moves in laboratory and carry out mass rearing.
2, the raising method of armyworm larvae
(1) ovum of mythimna separata is placed in to the culture dish that is placed with filter paper, it is moistening that filter paper keeps, and with preservative film, mouth sealed, be placed in indoor (23 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, relative air humidity 60%-70%) or incubator in (23 ℃ of temperature, relative air humidity 60%, photoperiod L:D=14:10) hatched;
(2) the cultivation wheat seedling of 9 days that just larva of hatching has obtained by above-mentioned step 1 is raised, and in culture dish, put 2-3 wheat seedling every day;
(3) the 1-2 instar larvae is raised in culture dish, and relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-70%, adds fresh wheat seedling every day;
(4) the 3-4 instar larvae needs to carry out the replacing of wheat seedling and filter paper every day, with the standard screen of aperture 2mm, sieves and changes;
(5) 5 instar larvaes move in insect box (length * wide * height, 29cm * 14.5cm * 14.5cm) and are raised, 20～30/box, putting into the scraps of paper with fold of rolling well at the bottom of box pupates for it, with the gauze sealing, add fresh wheat seedling every day, and carry out sterilization work;
(6) mature larva that will be about to pupate moves into to be had in native insect box (diameter is 10 ㎝), keeps native humidity, after it is sprouted wings, adult is collected, and is raised.
3, the raising method of mythimna separata adult
Adult male and female pairing after sprouting wings is placed on to homemade imago breeding and the container of laying eggs, and the hydromel that the additional mass mark is 15%, with vitality and the fecundity that maintains adult.This breeding facility is bent into cylindrical with thin wire, the overcoat disposable plastic bag, and bag dissecting needle acanthopore, keep permeability, is wound around the polypropylene strapping and lays eggs for mythimna separata on iron wire, changes the polypropylene strapping every day.
4, the store method of mythimna separata ovum
Collection has the strapping of ovum within 30 days, still can guarantee the incubation rate of 80%-85% 4-10 ℃ of refrigerator preservation.This utensil is made simple and easy, receives ovum convenient.
5, the selection of mythimna separata adult to oviposition material
Be bent into cylindrical breeding facility at thin wire, overcoat disposable plastic bag, bag dissecting needle acanthopore, keep permeability, tie up redness, green polypropylene tape and strips of newspaper on iron wire, put into 10 pairs of mythimna separata adults (1 female 1 hero is 1 pair), statistics is at the egg laying amount of different substrates.Experiment repeats 3 times, results averaged.
Result is as shown in table 1, and as seen from table, the mythimna separata adult is liked laying eggs on the red polypropylene rope, and egg laying amount is significantly higher than green polypropylene rope and strips of newspaper, so, in the collection process of mythimna separata ovum, select the red polypropylene rope, is convenient to collect and simple to operate.
Table 1 mythimna separata is at the egg laying amount of different egg substrate
Annotate: upper and lower case letter means respectively 1% and 5% significance level of difference, and the different letters of same row are that the multiple comparing difference of DuncanShi is remarkable.
Three, inoculation (meeting the host)
1, the host selects:
Host's-----cluster parachute of selection mythimna separata advantage parasitism chases after posts fly, usings its larva as numerous fly host.
2, the foundation of conservation population with maintain:
Set up cluster parachute and chase after the conservation population of posting fly, the conservation environmental condition is: 23 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, relative air humidity 60%-70%, photoperiod L:D=14h:10h.Regularly from the field acquisition cluster parachute, chase after and post the fly adult population and carry out rejuvenation.
3, inoculation
(1) inoculate the selection in the length of time
Respectively 50 armyworm larvaes in 3 ages, 4 ages, 5 ages are put in to 3 insect box (length * wide * height, 29cm * 14.5cm * 14.5cm) in, each insect box respectively accesses 1 cluster parachute and chases after and post the female fly of fly (completed mating, stalwartness and waited to lay eggs), the cultivation wheat seedling of 9 days that the step 1 of take obtains is host plant, insect box is placed in to (23 ℃ of temperature in incubator, relative air humidity 60%, photoperiod L:D=14:10).Cluster parachute chases after to be posted fly ovum is originated in to host (mythimna separata) larva body surface, will be with the armyworm larvae of ovum in climatic cabinate (23 ℃ of temperature, relative air humidity 60%, photoperiod L:D=14:10) in, continue to cultivate, observe and add up parasitic number, described parasitic number refers to the mythimna separata quantity that body surface has cluster parachute to chase after to post the fly blow grain; When armyworm larvae is about to pupate, (the mythimna separata health that is about to pupate shortens and body colour becomes yellowish-brown, food ingestion reduces), to chase after the armyworm larvae of posting the fly blow grain with cluster parachute and put into native capsule, the larva mythimna separata is buried to pupate, this process is (23 ℃ of temperature in incubator still, relative air humidity 60%, photoperiod L:D=14:10) carry out, until cluster parachute chases after and posts fly and go out fly and (from inoculating cluster parachute to be laid eggs, chase after and post the female fly of fly to gathering in the crops into fly, whole numerous fly cycle is approximately 32-35 days), observe and count the fly number.Experiment repeats 5 times, results averaged.
Result is as shown in table 2, and cluster parachute chases after to be posted fly the armyworm larvae in the different length of times is all laid eggs, and egg laying amount quantity indifference, but institute goes out adult, obvious otherness is arranged.Wherein, the cluster parachute that the armyworm larvae in 5 ages goes out chases after that to post fly maximum, and the cluster parachute that 3 ages, 4 instar larvaes go out chases after and posts fly is 0.Therefore, chase after while posting fly and should select the mythimna separata in 5 ages to be inoculated expanding numerous cluster parachute.
Table 2 cluster parachute chases after posts the selectivity of fly to difference mythimna separata in the length of time
| The length of time | Parasitic number | Go out the fly number |
| 5 ages | (45.6±1.40)Aa | (43.2±1.19)Aa |
| 4 ages | (45.2±1.50)Aa | 0Bb |
| 3 ages | (46.4±1.41)Aa | 0Bb |
Annotate: upper and lower case letter means respectively 1% and 5% significance level of difference, and the different letters of same row are that the multiple comparing difference of DuncanShi is remarkable.
(2) connect the selection of host (mythimna separata) amount and connect determining of fly ratio
At 4 insect box (length * wide * height, 29cm * 14.5cm * 14.55cm) put into respectively the armyworm larvae in 10,20,40,50,60 5 ages, each insect box respectively accesses 1 cluster parachute and chases after and post the female fly of fly (completed mating, stalwartness and waited to lay eggs), the cultivation wheat seedling of 9 days that the step 1 of take obtains is host plant, insect box is placed in to (23 ℃ of temperature in incubator, relative air humidity 60%, photoperiod L:D=14:10).Cluster parachute chases after to be posted fly ovum is originated in to host (mythimna separata) larva body surface, will be with the armyworm larvae of ovum in climatic cabinate (23 ℃ of temperature, relative air humidity 60%, photoperiod L:D=14:10) in, continue to cultivate, observe and add up parasitic number, described parasitic number refers to the mythimna separata quantity that body surface has cluster parachute to chase after to post the fly blow grain; When armyworm larvae is about to pupate, (the mythimna separata health that is about to pupate shortens and body colour becomes yellowish-brown, food ingestion reduces), to chase after the armyworm larvae of posting the fly blow grain with cluster parachute and put into native capsule, the larva mythimna separata is buried to pupate, this process is (23 ℃ of temperature in incubator still, relative air humidity 60%, photoperiod L:D=14:10) carry out, until cluster parachute chases after and posts fly and go out fly and (from inoculating cluster parachute to be laid eggs, chase after and post the female fly of fly to gathering in the crops into fly, whole numerous fly cycle is approximately 32-35 days), observe and count the female sex rate of fly number and offspring.Experiment repeats 5 times, results averaged.
Result is as shown in table 3, and different vaccination host (mythimna separata) quantity chases after on cluster parachute the fly number that goes out of posting the fly offspring remarkable impact, and along with the minimizing of inoculation armyworm larvae quantity, on average the ovum amount by parasitic is too large for every mythimna separata, causes fly less.Visible, it is optimum inoculation amounts that each insect box (length * wide * height, 29cm * 14.5cm * 14.5cm) is inoculated 50 armyworm larvaes.Use the indoor floor space of " insect box " (expanding numerous chamber) to weigh and connect borer population, because the insect box floor space is 14.5cm*14.5cm=0.021025m
2, so suitable in theory, to connect borer population be 2378/m
2expand numerous chamber floor space.In addition, connecing fly than for 1:10,1:20,1:40,1:50,1:60 the time, cluster parachute chases after the female and male ratio of the offspring who posts fly and is 1:1, and different vaccination host quantity chases after the female sex rate there was no significant difference of the offspring who posts fly to cluster parachute.Visible, connect fly than comparatively suitable with 1:50, save cost, improve space utilization efficiency.Therefore, chase after and post fly in the 1:50(cluster parachute: ratio access fly worm armyworm larvae).
The different armyworm larvae density of table 3 chases after the parasitization of posting fly to cluster parachute
| Connect the fly ratio | Average egg laying amount | Parasitic quantity | Go out the fly number | Offspring's male and female ratio |
| 1:50 | (29.904±6.1959)Aa | （24.15±3.4575）Aa | (26.3014±5.9202)Aa | (1：1)Aa |
| 1:60 | (24.9317±2.8574)Aa | （14.85±0.4854）Bb | (12.5087±1.5008)Bb | (1：1)Aa |
| 1:40 | (25.6785±3.5331)Aa | （14.96±1.7021）Bb | (9.405±0.5116)Bb | (1：1)Aa |
| 1:20 | (36.7143±3.092)Aa | （9.095±1.7304）Bbc | (7.22±0.7867)Bb | (1：1)Aa |
| 1:10 | (25.225±4.9587)Aa | （8.5775±1.1045）Bc | (4.1247±0.9753)Bb | (1：1)Aa |
Annotate: upper and lower case letter means respectively 1% and 5% significance level of difference, and the different letters of same row are that the multiple comparing difference of DuncanShi is remarkable.
From above-mentioned result of the test, can find out, expanding numerous cluster parachute, to chase after the best-of-breed technology scheme of posting fly as follows: the wheat seedling that be 9d vegetative period+2378/m
2expand the effective floor space in numerous chamber inoculum density 5 age armyworm larvae+connect fly than for the cluster parachute of 1:50 chases after, posting the female fly of fly.This scheme can be saved numerous fly cost greatly, large-scale breeding and even the commercialization production that can promote cluster parachute to chase after to post fly.
Chase after while posting fly at the indoor propagation cluster parachute, from plantation host food wheat, inoculation host (mythimna separata) larva, inoculation cluster parachute, chase after and post fly to becoming fly to sprout wings, need altogether 46d left and right (specifically in Table 4).Chase after and post fly to gathering in the crops into fly from the inoculation cluster parachute, whole numerous fly cycle is approximately 32-35d.In certain temperature range, cluster parachute chases after posts the rising growth cycle shortening of fly along with temperature, and therefore, also can correspondingly shorten breeding cycle.Cluster parachute chase after post fly diapause research also for cluster parachute chase after post transportation with preserve the condition that provides favourable.
Table 4 cluster parachute chases after the production cycle of posting fly
Four, cluster parachute chases after the store method of posting fly
1, post the low tempertaure storage technology of fly
The mythimna separata that pupates (parasitism have cluster parachute to chase after post fly) is positioned in the plastic containers that fill moist fine sand, then puts it in refrigerator (4 ± 2 ℃) and preserve, the moisturizing of spraying water every day.Study different storage life stored refrigerated to mythimna separata pupa and the impact of posting the fly eclosion rate thereof.Experiment repeats 5 times, results averaged.
Find that the longer full skirt that can significantly reduce of storage time chases after the eclosion rate (table 5) of posting fly.Chase after without the full skirt stored that to post the fly eclosion rate of surviving the winter be 9.30%.Passing along with the storage time, full skirt chases after the eclosion rate of posting fly obviously to be reduced, and there is utmost point significant difference (p<0.01) between the eclosion rate in different storage times of " 0-100 days ", but be stored to 110 days and be stored to there was no significant difference between the eclosion rate of 150 days.Therefore, the long-time storage, full skirt chases after the eclosion rate of posting fly significantly to be reduced.Above result shows to do short-term to store (20-30d) comparatively suitable posting the fly pupa of surviving the winter.
Table 5 storage time chases after and posts the impact that fly sprouts wings full skirt
| Memory time (my god) | Investigation worm cocoon number | Full skirt chases after to be posted fly and goes out the fly number | Eclosion rate/% | Relative eclosion rate/% |
| Low-temperature storage not | 12456 | 1094 | (9.300±0.069)Aa | 100% |
| 20 | 2660 | 223 | (8.605±0.067)Bb | 92.5% |
| 35 | 1989 | 135 | (7.233±0.056)Cc | 77.8% |
| 48 | 2105 | 106 | (5.379±0.056)Dd | 57.8% |
| 58 | 4781 | 184 | (4.044±0.031)Ee | 43.5% |
| 70 | 4532 | 109 | (2.408±0.016)Ff | 25.9% |
| 80 | 6199 | 82 | (1.427±0.017)Gg | 15.3% |
| 100 | 5717 | 59 | (1.121±0.012)Hh | 12.1% |
| 110 | 5718 | 43 | (0.763±0.017)Ii | 8.2% |
| 150 | 5957 | 40 | (0.725±0.011)Ii | 7.8% |
Claims (7)
1. one kind is expanded numerous cluster parachute and chases after the method for posting fly, comprises the steps: that inoculating cluster parachute to be laid eggs to the plant seedlings with the host larva chases after and post the female fly of fly, is gone out fly and cultivates, and collects cluster parachute and chases after and posts fly, realizes expanding numerous;
Described host larva is armyworm larvae or beet webworm larva.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mythimna separata that described armyworm larvae was 5 ages.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: in described method, cluster parachute described to be laid eggs chases after the inoculation quantity of posting the female fly of fly and the ratio of described armyworm larvae quantity is 1:50.
4. according to arbitrary described method in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: described plant is wheat.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the wheat seedling of described plant seedlings for growing 9 days; The described growth wheat seedling of 9 days is that wheat seed is after planting cultivated the wheat seedling obtained in 9 days, is denoted as the 1st day from planting seed.
6. according to arbitrary described method in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: in described method, described to be gone out the incubation time that fly cultivates be 32-35 days.
7. according to arbitrary described method in claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: in described method, numerous indoor in expansion, the access amount of described armyworm larvae is the numerous chamber of the described expansion of 2300-2400 head/m2 floor space.
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| CN105379685A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-03-09 | 云南农业大学 | Method for preserving exorista japonica townsend pupae |
| CN110089323A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-06 | 青海大学 | A kind of method of the thin wing open country snout moth's larva of biological control fennel |
| CN112772573A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-05-11 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Indoor artificial breeding method for acrossodes amabilis |
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- 2013-03-08 CN CN2013100732452A patent/CN103125451A/en active Pending
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Cited By (6)
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| CN103704070A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-09 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Biological control method for armyworms |
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| CN105379685B (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-10-10 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of method of the Japanese Exorista civilis pupa of preservation |
| CN110089323A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-06 | 青海大学 | A kind of method of the thin wing open country snout moth's larva of biological control fennel |
| CN112772573A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-05-11 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Indoor artificial breeding method for acrossodes amabilis |
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