CN103960203B - A kind of Hai Shi of utilization eretmocerus SP breeds the method for pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly Xiong Feng - Google Patents
A kind of Hai Shi of utilization eretmocerus SP breeds the method for pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly Xiong Feng Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to pest technical field of biological control, relates to a kind of method that the Hai Shi of utilization eretmocerus SP breeds pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly Xiong Feng particularly.Described method comprises step: the cultivation of (1) host plant muskmelon; (2) cultivation of elementary host's Bemisia tabaci; (3) cultivation of secondary host; (4) female preparation for pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly; (5) the breeding of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone.The present invention solves pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly Xiong Feng and breeds problem, realizes the extensive raising of its population, prevents and treats the province of Bemisia tabaci and area provides worm source to needing to utilize this parasitic wasp, is one of effective and crucial approach realizing Bemisia tabaci sustainable harnessing.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to pest technical field of biological control, relates to a kind of method that the Hai Shi of utilization eretmocerus SP breeds pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly Xiong Feng particularly.
Background technology
Bemisia tabaci Bemisiatabaci (Gennadius), also known as sweet potato whitefly or whitefly in bt cotton, belonging to Semiptera, Aleyrodidae, little Aleyrodes, is one of primary pest of 600 various plants such as cotton, vegetables and landscape flower.
One of current chemical control main prophylactico-therapeutic measures being still Type B Bemisia tabaci, but in a large number, continue use chemical pesticide caused Bemisia tabaci pesticide resistance increase and ecotope is polluted.Therefore, the comprehensive regulation policy to Bemisia tabaci is all emphasized in countries in the world, and wherein, biological control is very important control measure.
Hai Shi eretmocerus SP Eretmocerushayati (ZolnerowichandRose) belongs to Hymenoptera, aphid Chalcididae, and eretmocerus SP belongs to, and original producton location is in Pakistan.This honeybee is very high to the parasitic rate of host's Bemisia tabaci, but it lacks effective population regulatory mechanism, and control effects often can not continue.Pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly Encarsiasophia is a kind of facultative super parasitic wasp, there is the growth mode of male and female heteronomy, fertilized egg can be originated in aleyrodid nymph body by the queen bee of mating, grows in the future for female worm, and the queen bee of non-mating then female larvae of the same race by parasitism or xenogenesis produces male worm.
Parasitic wasp can be divided into parasitic lethal to the lethal effect of host insect and take food lethal.The parasitic rate of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP to host's Bemisia tabaci is higher, and the rate that takes food is relatively low; The pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly of normal post-coitum has the parasitic rate suitable with Hai Shi eretmocerus SP, but takes food rate far away higher than Hai Shi eretmocerus SP.But, under field conditions (factors), because space is large, dispersion is compared in host's resource distribution, pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly utilizes autoecious parasitism honeybee female larvae to reduce to the probability producing Xiong Feng, therefore the rare numbers of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone is difficult to artificial breeding, and the ability that they control Bemisia tabaci is greatly limited.
Therefore, to control aleyrodid effect for the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly of performance most important for the production of drone and release.Solving pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly Xiong Feng and breed problem, realize the extensive raising of its population, preventing and treating the province of Bemisia tabaci and area provides worm source to needing to utilize this parasitic wasp, is one of effective and crucial approach realizing Bemisia tabaci sustainable harnessing.For this pressing problem, we have carried out inventing research to the mating system of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly Xiong Feng.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of artificial extensive method of raising pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly Xiong Feng.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the method that the described Hai Shi of utilization eretmocerus SP breeds pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivation of host plant muskmelon
Conventionally sowing, nursery and field planting host plant.The warm indoor culture host plant sufficient in illumination, environmental condition is controlled, for subsequent use when host plant grows to 6-8 sheet true leaf.
(2) cultivation of elementary host's Bemisia tabaci
Cultured host plant is put into Bemisia tabaci and connects zooecium, after meeting worm 24h, remove all Bemisia tabaci adults, and the Muskmelon Plants of tool tobacco powder nit is proceeded to continuation cultivation in insectary.After 12d, for subsequent use when Bemisia tabaci Nymph was developed to for 2 age.
(3) cultivation of secondary host
By with 2 age Bemisia tabaci Nymph host plant Muskmelon Plants move in numerous honeybee room, access Hai Shi eretmocerus SP, removes Hai Shi eretmocerus SP and becomes honeybee after 48h, and host plant is proceeded to Hai Shi eretmocerus SP and grow in indoor dependent insect cage.After 6d, check the development progress of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP larva, for subsequent use when parasitic wasp is developed to 3 instar larvaes-prepupa stage.
(4) female preparation for pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly
The Muskmelon Plants of tool 3-4 Bemisia tabaci Nymph in age is moved into the dependent insect cage being furnished with blue plastic casing in numerous honeybee room, access the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee of mating, remove pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee after 48h, and Muskmelon Plants is proceeded in the indoor dependent insect cage of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly growth.After 13-16d, gather the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly virgin honeybee of the non-mating of just sprouting wings, produce the drone of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly for parasitic secondary host.
(5) the breeding of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone
Being moved in numerous honeybee room by the Muskmelon Plants being loaded with of the right age secondary host (the Hai Shi eretmocerus SP in tritonymph-prepupa stage) for subsequent use in above-mentioned (3) step is furnished with in the dependent insect cage of blue plastic casing, first emergence (<24h) the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly virgin honeybee access simultaneously will gathered in above-mentioned (4) step, connecing honeybee quantity is pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly: remove pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly after secondary host >=1:20,48h.Start the development progress of microscopy pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone after 7d, when black pupa rate higher than 95% time, pluck plant leaf, make honeybee card, packaging storage or directly and queen bee be applied to field adaptability.
According to method of the present invention, 1) secondary host Hai Shi eretmocerus SP is very high to the parasitic wasp of host's Bemisia tabaci, can 90% be reached, with Hai Shi eretmocerus SP for ensureing during secondary host that the production for pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly Xiong Feng provides enough resources under the condition of host's resource abundance.2) when utilizing Hai Shi eretmocerus SP to produce pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly hero peak, obviously the pupa of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly Xiong Feng and the pupa of secondary host Hai Shi eretmocerus SP can be made a distinction, because the pupa of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly be the pupa of black and Hai Shi eretmocerus SP for yellow, the making blocked for honeybee is like this provided convenience.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly virgin honeybee is to the selection of separate sources secondary host.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 with Hai Shi eretmocerus SP for secondary host insect amount reproduction pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone
Applying this invention, to produce the concrete operations of 10000 drones as follows:
(1) cultivation of host plant muskmelon
Be seeded in the seedling-cultivating tray being placed with nutrient matrix by muskmelon seeds and cultivate, 1 seed/cave, described nutrient matrix is by vermiculite: Flower nutrient soil becomes with local soil type; Vermiculite: Flower nutrient soil: the volume ratio of soil is 1-1.5:2-4:3-5; Regularly check that muskmelon seeds is sprouted and seedling growth, keep the humidity of nutrient matrix in seedling-cultivating tray.Treat that Muskmelon Seedlings plant grows to 1-2 sheet true leaf and transplants and cultivate to the nutrition cup being placed with nutrient matrix, 1 strain/cup, goes to top for subsequent use when Muskmelon Seedlings plant grows to 6-8 sheet true leaf;
Carry out in the greenhouse that cultivation is sufficient in illumination, environmental condition is controlled of described host plant muskmelon, ensure the pollution without any damage by disease and insect, temperature 26 ± 2 DEG C, relative moisture 70-75%, optical illumination darkness is L:D=14:10.
Described muskmelon seeds is high teacher's board (also can use other brand) muskmelon seeds that market is sold.
(2) cultivation of elementary host's Bemisia tabaci
Cultured Muskmelon Plants is put into connect that zooecium is furnished with culture dish base connect worm cage (specification 25cm × 25cm × 40cm), place 1 strain Muskmelon Plants in every cage, the female-male proportion that 1:1 press by every cage accesses 200-300 head Bemisia tabaci adults; After 24h, the ovum number of sampling observation blade back, when the average ovum amount of blade back is higher than 300, receives ovum and terminates, and the Muskmelon Plants of tool tobacco powder nit is proceeded to continuation cultivation in insectary.After 12d, for subsequent use when Bemisia tabaci Nymph was developed to for 2 age.Temperature 26 ± 2 DEG C, RH65% ± 5%, L:D=14:10.
(3) cultivation of secondary host
6 strains are loaded with 2 age Bemisia tabaci Nymph Muskmelon Plants move into the dependent insect cage (specification 60cm × 60cm × 60cm) being furnished with blue plastic casing in numerous honeybee room, access Hai Shi eretmocerus SP, 20 pairs/strain, 120 is right altogether/cage, removing Hai Shi eretmocerus SP after 48h becomes honeybee (to blow off chalcid fly be retained in dependent insect cage with hair-dryer, plant for new access), and host plant is proceeded in the indoor dependent insect cage of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP growth.After 6d, check the development progress of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP larva, for subsequent use when parasitic wasp is developed to 3 instar larvaes-prepupa stage.Temperature 26 ± 2 DEG C, RH65% ± 5%, L:D=14:10.
(4) female preparation for pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly
The Muskmelon Plants 6 strains being loaded with 3-4 Bemisia tabaci Nymph in age moves into the dependent insect cage (specification is the same) being furnished with blue plastic casing in numerous honeybee room, access the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee of mating, 30 heads/plant, amount to 180/cage, remove pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee (method is the same) after 48h, and Muskmelon Plants is proceeded in the indoor dependent insect cage of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly growth.After 13-16d, gather the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly virgin honeybee of the non-mating of just sprouting wings, every cage about can produce 3000 queen bees, and these queen bees are used for the drone that parasitic secondary host produces pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly.Temperature 26 ± 2 DEG C, RH65% ± 5%, L:D=14:10.
(5) the breeding of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone
Being moved in numerous honeybee room by the Muskmelon Plants being loaded with of the right age secondary host (the Hai Shi eretmocerus SP in tritonymph-prepupa stage) for subsequent use in above-mentioned (3) step is furnished with in the dependent insect cage of blue plastic casing, first emergence (<24h) the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly virgin honeybee access simultaneously will gathered in above-mentioned (4) step, connecing honeybee quantity is pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly: remove pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly after secondary host >=1:20,48h.Start the development progress of microscopy pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone after 7d, when black pupa rate higher than 95% time, pluck plant leaf, make honeybee card, packaging storage or directly and queen bee be applied to field adaptability.
Embodiment 2 pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly is to the selection of different secondary host
1 materials and methods
1.1 for examination insect
Host insect: Type B Bemisia tabaci Bemisiatabaci (Gennadius)
Parasitic wasp: pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly Encarsiasophia (Girault & Dodd); Hai Shi eretmocerus SP Eretmocerushayati (ZolnerowichandRose).
1.2 for examination host plant
Muskmelon CucumismeloLinn (the sub-Co., Ltd of dragon species of Langfang City section of Hebei province).It is for subsequent use when potted plant muskmelon grows to 6 true leaves.
1.3 test method
1.3.1 secondary Tropical area is tested
The acquisition of secondary host of the same race: get the muskmelon blade being loaded with 30 3-4 Bemisia tabaci Nymphs in age, the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee of 2 mating is accessed with micro-worm cage, chalcid fly is shifted out after 24h, Muskmelon Plants is continued to cultivate, after 6d until pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee larvae development to 3 age-the prepupa stage time for subsequent use.
The acquisition of xenogenesis secondary host: get be loaded with 30 2 age Bemisia tabaci Nymph muskmelon blade, the Hai Shi eretmocerus SP queen bee of 2 mating is accessed with micro-worm cage, shift out chalcid fly after 24h, Muskmelon Plants continued to cultivate, after 8d until pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly larvae development to three age-the prepupa stage time for subsequent use.
Secondary Tropical area is tested: moistening filter paper is placed in culture dish (diameter 35mm), 20 leaf dish put into by every ware, often open leaf dish and are loaded with 1 of the right age secondary host, wherein pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly and Hai Shi eretmocerus SP each 10.Introduce 1 pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly virgin honeybee to every ware, shift out after 6h.From chalcid fly shifts out next day, the different secondary host of observed and recorded every day originates the developmental state of Xiong Feng, until sprout wings.
Above-mentioned test is all carried out (26-28 ° of C, 60-70%R.H. and 14:10L:D) in the artificial climate indoor of standard.
2 results and analysis
Within the observing time of 6h, the selection rate of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee to xenogenesis secondary host Hai Shi eretmocerus SP of non-mating is 68.8%, and 31.2% is only to the selection rate of secondary host of the same race pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly, illustrate pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee more preference utilize Hai Shi eretmocerus SP as producing male secondary host.In addition, when with Hai Shi eretmocerus SP for secondary host time, the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly Xiong Feng of gained has longer life and goes through phase (21.4 days) and higher eclosion rate (89%).
Claims (3)
1. utilize Hai Shi eretmocerus SP to breed a method for pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone, it is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) cultivation of host plant muskmelon, for subsequent use when host plant grows to 6-8 sheet true leaf;
(2) cultivation of elementary host's Bemisia tabaci
Cultured host plant is put into Bemisia tabaci and connects zooecium, after meeting worm 24h, remove all Bemisia tabaci adults, and the Muskmelon Plants of tool tobacco powder nit is proceeded to continuation cultivation in insectary, for subsequent use when Bemisia tabaci Nymph was developed to for 2 age;
(3) cultivation of secondary host
By with 2 age Bemisia tabaci Nymph host plant Muskmelon Plants move in numerous honeybee room, access Hai Shi eretmocerus SP, remove Hai Shi eretmocerus SP after 48h and become honeybee, and host plant is proceeded in the indoor dependent insect cage of Hai Shi eretmocerus SP growth, for subsequent use when parasitic wasp is developed to 3 instar larvaes-prepupa stage;
(4) female preparation for pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly
The Muskmelon Plants of tool 3-4 Bemisia tabaci Nymph in age is moved into dependent insect cage, access the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee of mating, pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee is removed after 48h, and Muskmelon Plants is proceeded in the indoor dependent insect cage of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly growth, after 13-16d, gather the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly of the non-mating of just sprouting wings, produce the drone of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly for parasitic secondary host;
(5) the breeding of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone
The Muskmelon Plants being loaded with of the right age secondary host for subsequent use in above-mentioned (3) step is moved in dependent insect cage, the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly of the non-mating of first emergence gathered in above-mentioned (4) step is accessed simultaneously, connecing honeybee quantity is pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly: secondary host >=1:20, pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly is removed after 48h, the development progress of microscopy pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone is started after 7d, when black pupa rate higher than 95% time, pluck plant leaf, make honeybee card, packaging storage or directly and queen bee be applied to field adaptability.
2. the Hai Shi of utilization eretmocerus SP according to claim 1 breeds the method for pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone, it is characterized in that, in step (1), muskmelon seeds is seeded in the seedling-cultivating tray being placed with nutrient matrix and cultivates, 1 seed/cave, described nutrient matrix is by vermiculite: Flower nutrient soil becomes with local soil type; Vermiculite: Flower nutrient soil: the volume ratio of soil is 1-1.5:2-4:3-5.
3. the Hai Shi of utilization eretmocerus SP according to claim 1 breeds the method for pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone, it is characterized in that, in step (2), place 1 strain Muskmelon Plants in every cage, the female-male proportion access 200-300 head Bemisia tabaci adults of 1:1 pressed by every cage.
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