CN107396891A - A kind of method that constant low temperature stores the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly - Google Patents
A kind of method that constant low temperature stores the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly Download PDFInfo
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- CN107396891A CN107396891A CN201710722125.9A CN201710722125A CN107396891A CN 107396891 A CN107396891 A CN 107396891A CN 201710722125 A CN201710722125 A CN 201710722125A CN 107396891 A CN107396891 A CN 107396891A
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- pale yellow
- chalcid fly
- grace aphid
- aphid chalcid
- female pupa
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
Abstract
The invention belongs to agricultural pests technical field of biological control, and in particular to a kind of method that constant low temperature stores the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly.Methods described include by the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly from equilibrium temperature be cooled to 10 ± 1 DEG C, stored 10 days under conditions of relative humidity RH 75 ± 5%, no light the step of, wherein, the rate of temperature fall for the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly being down into 10 ± 1 DEG C from equilibrium temperature is 0.5 DEG C/min.This method is simply easily grasped, it is easy to the pale yellow small bee pupa of grace aphid of short term storage, in order to which time of concentration largely discharges during Field information, female pupa, which releases, longer to be advantageous to be transported for long-distance early stage of sprouting wings after refrigeration, emergence is concentrated to be easy to hold release opportunity when field adaptability is applied, eclosion rate, life span of adult and parasitic amount, without significantly reducing, do not influence the field control effect to Bemisia tabaci for the female pupa not refrigerated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural pests technical field of biological control, and in particular to a kind of constant low temperature stores pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly
The method of female pupa.
Background technology
Bemisia tabaci Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), category Semiptera, Aleyrodidae, small Aleyrodes, be China it is great enter
Worm to be encroached on, endangers the various plants of cotton, vegetables and landscape flower etc. 600, the comprehensive regulation of Bemisia tabaci is particularly important, its
In, biological control is highly important control measure.
Pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly (Encarsia sophia) is the advantage parasitic wasp of Bemisia tabaci, category Hymenoptera, aphid Chalcididae,
Grace Aphelinus, it is a kind of adelphoparasitism honeybee, embryonated egg can be originated in powder by the development mode with male and female heteronomy, the queen bee of mating
In lice nymph body, development is female adult in the future, and the queen bee not mated is then produced by parasitic female larvae of the same race or xenogenesis
Male worm.
It is to accumulate sufficient amount within a certain period of time to carry out the successful basic premise of biological control using natural enemy insect
Natural enemy product, therefore the large-scale production of natural enemy and field adaptability be biological control of insect pests application in key link.It is different
In chemical insecticide, the storage time of most natural enemy insects is shorter, and the expansion of indoor population is numerous by field/greenhouse release time
With the restriction of controlling object, therefore study it is a kind of preferably storage practice for biological control successful application with regard to particularly important.
But the factor for influenceing parasitic wasp storage is many, for example, the species of parasitic wasp and age, the temperature strip of cryopreservation
Part, rate of temperature fall, illumination condition, damp condition and storage time may all influence prevention and control effect of the parasitic wasp after cryopreservation
Power, including the parameter such as eclosion rate, life span of adult, parasitic amount and property ratio.On the report of insect cryopreservation, rarely have while investigate
Multiple influence conditions.
Prior art stores parasitic wasp using constant low temperature, such as 4,8,12 DEG C are stored Hai Shi eretmocerus SPs pupa 7 days, so
And after releasing refrigeration, eclosion rate, emergence time and the life span of adult of each low-temperature treatment parasitic wasp significantly drop relative to control
Low, most queen bees are dead in 1-2 days after emergence, and hardly occur effectively parasitic, that is to say, that pass through constant low temperature
Hai Shi eretmocerus SPs lose biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion value completely after storage.Present invention discover that pale yellow grace is stored by constant low temperature storage technique
Occur eclosion rate after aphid chalcid fly and storage time is difficult to the problem taken into account.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly is stored using constant low temperature.
The method of the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly is stored according to the constant low temperature of the present invention to be included the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly
The step of being cooled to 10 ± 1 DEG C from equilibrium temperature, stored 10 days under conditions of relative humidity RH 75 ± 5%, no light, its
In, rate of temperature fall is 0.5 DEG C/min
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the method bag that the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly is stored using constant low temperature
Include following steps：
(1) cultivation of host plant cotton
Conventionally sowing, nursery and field planting host plant.Trained in the greenhouse that illumination is sufficient, environmental condition is controllable
Host plant is educated, it is standby when host plant grows to 4-5 piece true leaves.
(2) cultivation of host's Bemisia tabaci
Cultured host plant cotton is put into Bemisia tabaci to connect in zooecium, all Bemisia tabaci adults are removed after meeting worm 24h,
And the cotton plants for having tobacco powder nit are transferred in insectary and continue to cultivate, insectary environmental Kuznets Curves are in 26 ± 1 DEG C, relative humidity
RH 50 ± 10%, photoperiod 14:10(L:D).It is standby when Bemisia tabaci Nymph is developed to 3-4 ages after 15d.
(3) the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly is bred
The cotton plants for having 3-4 age Bemisia tabaci Nymphs are moved into numerous honeybee room to the insect cage for being furnished with blue plastic casing, access
The pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee to have mated, it is pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly to connect honeybee quantity：Host >=1：Pale yellow grace aphid is removed after 15,48h
Chalcid fly queen bee, and cotton plants are transferred to pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly and developed in indoor insect cage, development room environmental control is 26 ± 1
DEG C, relative humidity RH 50 ± 10%, the photoperiod 14:10(L:D).The development progress of the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee of microscopy after 10d,
When black pupa rate is higher than 95%, plant leaf is plucked, makes honeybee card.
(4) storage of the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly
By the honeybee for carrying female pupa be placed in conditional stability 26 ± 1 DEG C, relative humidity RH 75 ± 5%, no light artificial gas
Wait in case, temperature is set as 10 ± 1 DEG C (about 30min reaches design temperature, and rate of temperature fall is 0.5 DEG C/min), with postcondition
It is stable 10 ± 1 DEG C, relative humidity RH 75 ± 5%, no light, store 10 days on this condition.
Beneficial effect：
(1) instant invention overcomes eclosion rate and storage time after the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly of existing constant low temperature storage technique storage
It is difficult to the problem taken into account, finds key effect of the rate of temperature fall to the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly biocontrol effect of raising, is ensureing to sprout wings
Rate extends storage time in the case of not reducing.
(2) method that the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly is stored according to the constant low temperature of the present invention also substantially reduces pale yellow grace aphid
The emergence duration (concentrate on 1 day and sprout wings) after small bee pupa cryopreservation, for field adaptability, it is very beneficial for concentrating
Go out honeybee, under the conditions of cryopreservation provided by the invention, the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly starts to sprout wings for 4 days after refrigeration is released, and collects
In sprouted wings in 1 day and finish, eclosion rate is up to 80%, and the female life span of adult that of sprouting wings was up to 13 days ,/day of mean parasitized amount about 4.
(3) the cryopreservation method of the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly of the invention is simply easily grasped, and is easy to short term storage pale yellow
The small bee pupa of grace aphid, in order to which time of concentration largely discharges during Field information, female pupa, which releases, longer to be advantageous to early stage of sprouting wings after refrigeration
Transported for long-distance, concentrate emergence to be easy to hold release opportunity, eclosion rate, life span of adult and parasitic amount when field adaptability is applied
The field control effect to Bemisia tabaci is not influenceed without significantly reducing for the female pupa not refrigerated.
Embodiment
The constant low temperature of embodiment 1 stores the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly
First, constant low temperature stores the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly
The present embodiment provides a kind of method that constant low temperature stores the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly, and methods described includes following step
Suddenly：Host plant cotton is cultivated, host's Bemisia tabaci is cultivated, breeds the female pupa of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly, the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly of cryopreservation
Female pupa, wherein cryopreservation condition are：The honeybee of the female pupa of 10 ages in days is placed in 10 ± 1 DEG C (from 26 DEG C of coolings with 0.5 DEG C/min
Speed is down to 10 DEG C), relative humidity RH 75 ± 5%, dark growth cabinet store 10 days.
The concrete operations that 10000 female pupas are stored using the invention are as follows：
(1) cultivation of host plant cotton
Conventionally sowing, nursery and field planting host plant.Trained in the greenhouse that illumination is sufficient, environmental condition is controllable
Host plant is educated, it is standby when host plant grows to 4-5 piece true leaves.
Cotton seeds are seeded in the nutrition cup for be placed with nutrient matrix and cultivated, 2 seed/cups, the Nutrient medium
Matter is by vermiculite:Flower nutrient soil and local soil type into；Vermiculite:Flower nutrient soil:The volume ratio of soil is 1-1.5:2-4:3-5；Periodically look into
Cotton seed germination and seedling growth are seen, the humidity of nutrient matrix in seedlings nursing plate is kept, retains 1 plant/glass after cotton seed germination,
It is standby when cotton seedling plant is grown to 4-5 piece true leaves；
The cultivation of the host plant cotton is carried out in the greenhouse that illumination is sufficient, environmental condition is controllable, is ensured without any
The pollution of pest and disease damage, 26 ± 2 DEG C, relative humidity 70-75% of temperature, illumination shading value are L:D=14:10.
The cotton seeds are marketed middle cotton No. 8 (can also use other brands).
(2) cultivation of host's Bemisia tabaci
By cultured cotton plants be put into Bemisia tabaci connect in zooecium equipped with culture dish base connect worm cage (specification 25cm ×
25cm × 40cm) in, it is interior per cage to place 1 plant of cotton plants, 1 is pressed per cage:1 female-male proportion access 200-300 heads Bemisia tabaci into
Worm；After 24h, the ovum number of blade back is inspected by random samples, when the average ovum amount of blade back is higher than 300, receives ovum and terminate, and the cotton that will have tobacco powder nit
Flower plant, which is transferred in insectary, to continue to cultivate.It is standby when Bemisia tabaci Nymph is developed to 3-4 ages after 15d.26 ± 1 DEG C of temperature,
RH50 ± 10%, L:D=14:10.
(3) the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly is bred
The cotton plants of 6 plants of tool 3-4 age Bemisia tabaci Nymphs are moved into the insect cage (rule in numerous honeybee room equipped with blue plastic casing
Lattice 60cm × 60cm × 60cm), access the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee that has mated, 20-25 heads/plant, 120-150 heads/cage altogether,
Pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee (blow off chalcid fly with hair-dryer and be retained in insect cage, for the plant newly accessed) is removed after 48h,
And cotton plants are transferred to pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly and developed in indoor insect cage.After 10d, the hair of the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee of microscopy
Progress is educated, (now black pupa rate is generally greater than 95%) plucks plant leaf after parasitic wasp switchs to black pupa by prepupa, makes honeybee card.
26 ± 1 DEG C of temperature, RH50 ± 10%, L:D=14:10.
(4) cryopreservation of the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly
By the honeybee for carrying female pupa be placed in conditional stability 26 ± 1 DEG C, relative humidity RH 75 ± 5%, no light artificial gas
Wait in case, temperature is set as 10 ± 1 DEG C (about 30min reaches design temperature, and rate of temperature fall is 0.5 DEG C/min), with postcondition
It is stable 10 ± 1 DEG C, relative humidity RH 75 ± 5%, no light, store 10 days on this condition.
As shown in table 1, under the conditions of by above-mentioned cryopreservation, the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly starts for 4 days after refrigeration is released
Sprout wings, concentrate on emergence in 1 day and finish, eclosion rate is up to 80%, and the female life span of adult of sprouting wings was up to 13 days, and mean parasitized amount is about
4/day.
As can be seen here, the problem taken into account is difficult to instant invention overcomes prior art eclosion rate and storage time, for example, 10 days
Age female pupa is stored 1 week under the conditions of 12 DEG C, eclosion rate about 90%；But storage 2 weeks, eclosion rate is drastically down to 42%.
As shown in table 1, the condition (12 DEG C, directly cool) of present invention simulation prior art, female pupa is stored 10 days, sprouted wings
Rate is 75%；Prior art condition (10 DEG C, directly cool) is extended, female pupa is stored 10 days, eclosion rate is slightly improved to 76%, but
Parasitic amount is increased to 3.9/female/day, but still less than the present invention technique effect (eclosion rate 80%, parasitic amount 4.0/female/
My god), the test data of table 1 is shown, in addition to temperature conditionss, rate of temperature fall has critical effect to the effect that develops skill.
In addition, the technical conditions of the present invention, which substantially reduce the emergence duration after parasitic bee pupa cryopreservation, (concentrates on 1 day plumage
Change), for field adaptability, it is very beneficial for concentrating out honeybee.
2nd, the prevention and control ability after the female pupa experience constant low temperature storage of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly
As shown in table 1：After releasing refrigeration, the eclosion rate of the queen bee of the processing that progressively cools of each cryopreservation condition is significantly high
Handled in direct cooling, illustrate there is synergistic effect between rate of temperature fall and cryopreservation condition, wherein, 0.5 DEG C/min and 0.1
DEG C/min differences rate of temperature fall processing between queen bee eclosion rate be not significantly different, the simplicity based on operation, select with 0.5 DEG C/
Min rate of temperature fall carries out cooling processing and is preferred.In each low-temperature treatment progressively to be cooled with 0.5 DEG C/min rate of temperature fall, solution
After refrigeration, relative to control treatment, the queen bee eclosion rate of 12 and 10 DEG C of chilling treatments does not significantly reduce, wherein, 10 DEG C are cold
The queen bee eclosion rate of processing is hidden up to 80%.Control treatment has female bee eclosion on the 3rd to 7 day after refrigeration is released, and emergence continues 5
My god, average emergence time is 5.3 days；12 DEG C of chilling treatments have female bee eclosion on the 3rd to 5 day after refrigeration is released, and emergence continues 3
My god, average emergence time is 4 days；10 and 8 DEG C of chilling treatments are sprouted wings for the 4th and the 5th day after refrigeration is released respectively, female bee eclosion collection
In at 1 day.12nd, the female aging variation into honeybee of sprouting wings after 10 and 8 DEG C of chilling treatments is little.Relative to 12 and 8 DEG C of chilling treatments, 10
The parasitic amount highest of emergence queen bee after DEG C chilling treatment.
The female pupa of the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly of the age in days of table 1. 10 undergoes the prevention and control ability after constant low temperature is stored 10 days
3rd, the prevention and control ability after Hai Shi eretmocerus SPs, the experience constant low temperature storage of Encarsia formosa pupa
Above-mentioned cryopreservation condition is tried out into other two kinds of advantage parasitic wasps --- the Hai Shi eretmocerus SPs in Bemisia tabaci
Eretmocerus hayati (Zolnerowich and Rose) and Encarsia formosa Encarsia fomosa (Gahan), its
In, progressively cooling processing rate of temperature fall is 0.5 DEG C/min.As a result show, for Hai Shi eretmocerus SPs and Encarsia formosa, 10
DEG C directly cooling and 8 DEG C progressively/directly under cooling conditions, the pupa time death rate is 100%；And in 12 DEG C of progressively/directly coolings
After being stored 10 days under 10 DEG C progressively cooling conditions, even if there is section parasitic bee eclosion, into honeybee largely after emergence in 1-2 days
It is dead.
The age in days Hai Shi eretmocerus SPs of table 2. 15 and 12 age in days Encarsia formosa pupas undergo the plumage after constant low temperature is stored 10 days
Rate
The present invention is largely screened and tested by being carried out to holding conditions, and innovative combines rate of temperature fall factor, most
The most suitable age for storing pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly, temperature, rate of temperature fall, illumination, humidity combination are obtained eventually, and are extended as far as possible
Storage time.Using the method for the constant low temperature of the present invention storage pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly of Bemisia tabaci advantage parasitic wasp, can be achieved pale yellow
Grace aphid chalcid fly shelf life extends, long-distance transportation and is easy to discharge, to the province needed using parasitic wasp preventing and treating Bemisia tabaci
Part and area provide worm sources, are to realize one of effective and crucial approach of Bemisia tabaci sustainable harnessing.
It is exemplified as above be only to the present invention for example, do not form the limitation to protection scope of the present invention, it is all
It is to be belonged to the same or analogous design of the present invention within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method that constant low temperature stores the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly, it is characterised in that methods described is included pale yellow grace
The female pupa of aphid chalcid fly is cooled to 10 ± 1 DEG C from equilibrium temperature, stored 10 days under conditions of relative humidity RH 75 ± 5%, no light
The step of, wherein, the rate of temperature fall that the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly is down into 10 ± 1 DEG C from equilibrium temperature is 0.5 DEG C/min.
2. the method that constant low temperature according to claim 1 stores the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly, it is characterised in that by 10 days
The age pale yellow small bee pupa of grace aphid is as 10 ± 1 DEG C of storages.
3. a kind of method that constant low temperature stores the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly, it is characterised in that the described method comprises the following steps：
(1) host plant is cultivated；
(2) host's Bemisia tabaci is cultivated；
(3) the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly is bred, the pale yellow grace aphid that the host plant access for having 3-4 age Bemisia tabaci Nymphs has been mated
Chalcid fly queen bee, it is pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly to connect honeybee quantity：Host >=1：Pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee is removed after 15,48h, and continues to train
Educate pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly；
(4) store the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly, by the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly be placed in 10 ± 1 DEG C, relative humidity RH 75 ± 5%,
Stored 10 days under conditions of no light, wherein, the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly is down to from equilibrium temperature to 10 ± 1 DEG C of rate of temperature fall
For 0.5 DEG C/min.
4. the method that constant low temperature according to claim 3 stores the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly, it is characterised in that in step
(1) in, the host plant is cotton, standby when host plant grows to 4-5 piece true leaves.
5. the method that constant low temperature according to claim 3 stores the pale yellow female pupa of grace aphid chalcid fly, it is characterised in that in step
(2) in, Bemisia tabaci is accessed into cultured host plant, all Bemisia tabaci adults are removed after meeting worm 24h, and continues to cultivate tool cigarette
The host plant of aleyrodid ovum, breeding condition are 26 ± 1 DEG C, relative humidity RH 50 ± 10%, the photoperiod 14:After 10,15d, work as cigarette
It is standby during aleyrodid nymphal development to 3-4 ages.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108575915A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-28 | 广州威佰昆生物科技有限公司 | Mosquito refrigeration anesthesia transport method for releasing |
| CN108739675A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-11-06 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of method of double spot grace aphid chalcid fly biological controls |
| CN115868459A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-03-31 | 福建省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Application of manila as spawning carrier of small broad-head planthopper in cold storage of small rice-lice tassel bees and cold storage method of small rice-lice tassel bees |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108575915A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-28 | 广州威佰昆生物科技有限公司 | Mosquito refrigeration anesthesia transport method for releasing |
| CN108739675A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-11-06 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of method of double spot grace aphid chalcid fly biological controls |
| CN115868459A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-03-31 | 福建省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Application of manila as spawning carrier of small broad-head planthopper in cold storage of small rice-lice tassel bees and cold storage method of small rice-lice tassel bees |
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Application publication date: 20171128 |