CN105211008B - A kind of dish aphid parasite propagation method - Google Patents
A kind of dish aphid parasite propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105211008B CN105211008B CN201510755450.6A CN201510755450A CN105211008B CN 105211008 B CN105211008 B CN 105211008B CN 201510755450 A CN201510755450 A CN 201510755450A CN 105211008 B CN105211008 B CN 105211008B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency, present invention discover that breeding radish aphid by the way of alternating temperature, have the following advantages that：1st, radish aphid 3 age nymph, the individual of adult are respectively greater than the nymph with age, adult in the prior art；2nd, the survival rate of radish aphid adult improves, and time of the radish aphid from egg development to adult shortens；3rd, the radish aphid female adult pest life-span caused by breeding is longer than the radish aphid female adult pest that usual manner is bred, and the radish aphid adult that alternating temperature breeds to obtain is bred into radish aphid of future generation, the egg laying amount of female adult is higher than the radish aphid female adult pest that usual manner is bred；4th, parasitic rate of the dish aphid parasite to radish aphid is improved.The present invention breeds the time by shorten dish aphid parasite host, improves dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of agriculture and forestry insect, and in particular in the mistake of biological control agriculture and forestry injurious insect
The propagation method of the host-radish aphid for the dish aphid parasite used in journey, and the propagation method of dish aphid parasite.
Background technology
Crop is enriched in Yunnan, and shortening species is more, and aphid distribution is wide, popularity is strong, harm is universal, and pesticide dosage is big, preventing and treating
The problems such as method is single, and preventive effect is poor, and residues of pesticides are with polluting, turn into the problem for troubling Yunnan Province's plant protection work for a long time.For
Plant protection work new breakthrough is realized, since 2006, according to the Ministry of Agriculture on " carrying forward vigorously diseases and pests of agronomic crop green prevention and control work
Make, promote agricultural product quality and safety and Agriculture Ecological Environment Security " require, Yunnan Province researches and develops integrated green prevention and control technology energetically,
Accelerate propulsion dynamics.
Aphid parasite is a kind of important parasite of aphid, in rape, vegetables, seeding corn and other crops popularization and application aphid cocoon
Honeybee, eliminated aphis using aphid parasite is anti-, first, the population quantity of aphid can be controlled effectively, reduce the harm of aphid, reduction is migrated
Aphid transmitted virus disease probability, ensure the yield and quality of agricultural product；Second, aphid is avoided to develop immunity to drugs；Third, substantially reducing
Usage amount of the insecticide in crops is learned, reduces residues of pesticides, improves the security of Yunnan agricultural products；Fourth, reduce pest control with insecticide
Agent pollution on the environment.Being eliminated aphis using aphid parasite is anti-, be need to solve that pesticide dosage is big, and prevention and controls are single, preventive effect is poor,
The key technology support of the problems such as residues of pesticides and pollution, to improve in Yunnan agricultural products participating countries, international market it is competing
Strive and create conditions, while matched with the trend of sustainable agriculture development and the modern plant protection of development, bring huge economic benefit,
Social benefit and ecological benefits.
The aphid overwhelming majority is subordinate to Homoptera (Homoptera) Aphidiadae (Aphididae), is blazoned all over the world to crop
Serious polyphagy insect is endangered, it not only draws crop nutrition, drains honeydew, directly affects the yield and quality of crop, and
And a variety of viruses are also propagated, cause a variety of virosis and other worms to pass generation and the prevalence of disease.The people in terms of the preventing and treating of aphid
Carried out many research, various control measure have insecticide in application, particularly chemical prevention in control of aphids
A large amount of long-term uses, cause the resistance to the action of a drug of aphid to increase, natural enemy is difficult to survive under conventional field control dosage, increases simultaneously
Residues of pesticides probability on crop, pollution to agricultural environment aggravate increasingly, are unfavorable for the sustainable development of agricultural.Therefore,
It is very urgent using green biological prevention in the preventing and treating of aphid.
Aphid parasite can parasitic a variety of aphids include black peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer), vegetable aphid Brevicoryne
Brassicae (Linnaeus), radish aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), small grain aphid Macrosiphum
Avenae (Fabricius), cotten aphid Aphis gossypii_Glover etc., highest is up to 89.16%, in the biology of aphid
The significant and upper significant effect of application in preventing and treating.A kind of important parasitic wasp of the dish aphid parasite as aphid, its host range ratio
It is narrower, obvious specialization is often shown, its host mainly has：Brevicoryne brassicae, dish aphid parasite, black peach aphid, meadow sweet aphid, wheat y-bend
Aphid.It is distributed in the whole world, in China, is distributed mainly in field of vegetables, wheatland, vega.
Radish aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) belong to Homoptera Aphidiadae, whole nation distribution, also known as vegetable aphid, dish and hung
The cross such as pipe aphid, the Chinese cabbage that can cause harm, cabbage heart, cherry radish, cabbage mustard, broccoli, purple tsai-tai, brussels sprout, collard, a kind of sedge dish
The dilute vegetables of flower section's famous-particular-excellent, often mix generation with black peach aphid.
Investigated according to us, the generation and harm of the vernal crop diversity aphid made before flue-cured tobacco are more serious, but at present for late autumn,
The biological control of crop sown in spring aphid still belongs to blank.Over nearly 3 years, our seminars conduct a preliminary study and field plot
Experiment and demonstration, pass through the numerous honeybee of conservation greenhouse, release aphid cocoon honeybee preventing and treating vernal crop diversity aphid, so as to control aphis population base
Number, cost is reduced, protect and colonizes cocoon honeybee, obtain the firsthand information of science and interim effect.Lifted biological control with
Field adaptability technical merit is the key of Biological control of aphid.The biological control technology of aphid parasite mainly includes aphid host and planted
The seed selection and plantation of thing, the amount reproduction of host aphid and aphid cocoon honeybee 3 production links of amount reproduction, 3 mutually auxiliary phases of link
Into associated with each other.The obstacle of three aspects during dish aphid parasite preventing and treating dish aphid parasite is carried out at present be present：1st, it is suitable to lack
The host plant of biological control radish aphid, 2, lack radish aphid biological control technological process, 3, lack perfect dish aphid parasite
Merchandized handling technology.The present invention has found a kind of method for improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency, to trailing plants by lot of experiments
Foretell the indoor alternating temperature of aphid progress to breed, indoor scale can be met, efficiently breed the needs of radish aphid, and then improve vegetable aphid cocoon
Honeybee reproductive efficiency.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of method for improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency, carries out interior to radish aphid and breeds,
Indoor scale can be met, efficiently breed the needs of radish aphid, and then improve dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency.
The technical scheme taken to achieve the object of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of method for improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency, it is characterised in that：The method includes the steps of：(1) post
Main Plant choosing, the inoculation of (two) radish aphid, (three) radish aphid breed, and (four) are inoculated with dish aphid parasite；
Preferably, described host plant selection comprises the following steps：Selection leaf age is the rape of 5-6 leaves as radish aphid
Host；
Preferably, described radish aphid inoculation comprises the following steps：Leaf age is moved to for the rape of 5-6 leaves and connects zooecium, is inoculated with
Adult aphid that radish aphid is aptery, every plant of rape are inoculated with 25-65 aptery adult aphid, connect worm indoor temperature and be maintained at 22 DEG C, relative humidity
70%, illumination is sufficient；
Preferably, described radish aphid breeds is bred using alternating temperature, is comprised the following steps：Rape after inoculation is moved into temperature
Room, the temperature in greenhouse is adjusted to 18.5 DEG C during the morning 6, then the temperature in greenhouse raises 2 DEG C per hour, during to afternoon 12,
Temperature in greenhouse reaches 30.5 DEG C, keeps warm indoor temperature 30.5 DEG C 2 hours, then cools 1.5 DEG C per hour, at night 22
When, warm indoor temperature is 18.5 DEG C, and when then keeping 18.5 DEG C to next day 6, the humidity in greenhouse is maintained at 68-75%, illumination
Condition is illumination in 13 hours, 11 hours dark；Alternating temperature is bred lasting 2-3 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is 3 age nymphs；
Preferably, dish aphid parasite is inoculated into honeybee on the 3 age nymphs bred, when becoming stiff aphid by the radish aphid of parasitism,
Stiff aphid is chosen, is put into standby in dactylethrae；
Preferably, described alternating temperature is bred lasting 4-5 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult；
Preferably, the kind of the rape is caul-fat 3 or caul-fat 6；
Purposes of the 3 age nymphs for the radish aphid that the present invention is bred as dish aphid parasite host；
The adult for the radish aphid that the present invention is bred is used for the purposes for breeding radish aphid of future generation.
The invention has the advantages that:
1st, the present invention breeds radish aphid by the way of alternating temperature, and radish aphid 3 age nymph, the individual of adult are respectively greater than existing skill
Nymph, adult in art with age.
2nd, the present invention breeds radish aphid using alternating temperature by the way of, the survival rate raising of radish aphid adult, radish aphid from egg development to
The time of adult shortens.
3rd, the present invention breeds radish aphid using alternating temperature by the way of, breeds the caused radish aphid female adult pest life-span and is longer than usual manner
The radish aphid female adult pest bred, the radish aphid adult that alternating temperature breeds to obtain is bred into radish aphid of future generation, the egg laying amount of female adult is higher than normal
The radish aphid female adult pest that rule mode is bred.
4th, the present invention improves parasitic rate of the dish aphid parasite to radish aphid.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment to further instruction of the present invention, the percentage in embodiment is weight ratio, but this hair
It is bright to be not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
1st, material：
1.1 selected insect source：Radish aphid used in experiment be the radish aphid that collects of Yunnan Province Yuxi Ma Qiao scientific bases into
Worm；
1.2 for examination host plant：Caul-fat 6；
2nd, test method：(experiment is in triplicate)
(1) selection leaf age is No. 6 rapes of caul-fat of 6 leaves as radish aphid host；
(2) 400 basin leaf ages are moved to for No. 6 rapes of caul-fat of 6 leaves and connects zooecium, be inoculated with the aptery adult aphid of radish aphid, every plant of rape
50 aptery adult aphids are inoculated with, worm indoor temperature is connect and is maintained at 22 DEG C, relative humidity 70%, illumination is sufficient；
(3) radish aphid breeds is bred using alternating temperature, is comprised the following steps：The 100 basins oil of inoculation is completed in selecting step (2)
Dish moves into greenhouse, the temperature in greenhouse is adjusted into 18.5 DEG C during the morning 6, then the temperature in greenhouse raises 2 DEG C per hour, under
During noon 12, the temperature in greenhouse reaches 30.5 DEG C, keeps warm indoor temperature 30.5 DEG C 2 hours, then cools 1.5 DEG C per hour,
During at night 22, warm indoor temperature is 18.5 DEG C, and when then keeping 18.5 DEG C to next day 6, the humidity in greenhouse is maintained at 72%,
Illumination condition is illumination in 13 hours, 11 hours dark；Alternating temperature is bred lasting 2.8 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is 3 age nymphs；Become
Temperature is bred lasting 4.7 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
(4) constant temperature breeds radish aphid nymph, adult：
CK1：The 100 basin rapes that inoculation is completed in selecting step (2) move into greenhouse, and warm indoor temperature is maintained at 25 DEG C, wet
Degree is maintained at 72%, and illumination condition is illumination in 13 hours, 11 hours dark；Constant temperature breeds lasting 4.3 days, the egg development of radish aphid
For 3 age nymphs；Constant temperature is bred lasting 7.8 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
CK2：The 100 basin rapes that inoculation is completed in selecting step (2) move into greenhouse, and warm indoor temperature is maintained at 20 DEG C, wet
Degree is maintained at 72%, and illumination condition is illumination in 13 hours, 11 hours dark；Constant temperature breeds lasting 6.3 days, the egg development of radish aphid
For 3 age nymphs；Constant temperature is bred lasting 9.4 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
CK3：The 100 basin rapes that inoculation is completed in selecting step (2) move into greenhouse, and warm indoor temperature is maintained at 27 DEG C, wet
Degree is maintained at 72%, and illumination condition is illumination in 13 hours, 11 hours dark.Constant temperature breeds lasting 3.6 days, the egg development of radish aphid
For 3 age nymphs；Alternating temperature is bred lasting 6.4 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
(5) comparison of the radish aphid nymph bodily form
Each 200 of 3 age nymphs, adult are randomly selected from the radish aphid on step (3) rape, from step (4) CK1,
Each 200 of 3 age nymphs, adult are randomly selected in radish aphid on CK2, CK3 rape, with the micrometer pair in stereomicroscope
Its body is long, body is wide measures, and it is wide to obtain radish aphid 3 age nymph on rape, long, the average body of the average body of adult.
Note：Radish aphid 3 age nymph, the body of adult be long in table 1, body is wide all to repeat the average value of experiment three times
As shown by data in table 1：Radish aphid is bred by way of alternating temperature, radish aphid 3 age nymph, the individual difference of adult are big
Nymph, the adult of incubated same age in control, and the Individual Size of radish aphid 3 age nymph influences its host's vegetable aphid cocoon
Fecundity, Individual Size after bee eclosion, the big radish aphid 3 age nymph of individual are advantageous to cultivate the stronger dish aphid parasite of vitality.
(6) survival rate and development duration of radish aphid adult
From step (3), each 200 of radish aphid adult is randomly selected in CK1, CK2, CK3 in step (4) respectively.
Note：Average value of the survival rate of radish aphid adult all repeatedly to test three times in table 2
As shown by data in table 2：Radish aphid is bred by way of alternating temperature, the survival rate of radish aphid adult is improved, improved
Available for the quantity for breeding radish aphid of future generation.
Note：The egg development of radish aphid to the time of 3 age nymphs, adult is the average value for repeating experiment three times in table 3
As shown by data in table 3：Breed radish aphid by way of alternating temperature, radish aphid is from egg development to 3 age nymphs, adult
Time is shorter than the radish aphid of constant temperature cultivation, and this is beneficial to the reproduction speed and efficiency that improve radish aphid.
(7) life-span of radish aphid adult and egg laying amount under the conditions of difference is bred
From step (3), each 50 of radish aphid female adult pest is randomly selected in CK1, CK2, CK3 in step (4) respectively, is accessed
The vacuum side of blade of rape, the egg laying amount and survival condition of radish aphid female adult pest are observed and recorded under stereomicroscope daily, until female
Adult is dead.
Note：The life-span of the female adult pest of radish aphid in table 4, average value of the female adult pest egg laying amount all repeatedly to test three times
As shown by data in table 4：Radish aphid is bred by way of alternating temperature, breed caused by the radish aphid female adult pest life-span be longer than
The radish aphid female adult pest that constant temperature is bred, the radish aphid adult that alternating temperature breeds to obtain is bred into radish aphid of future generation, the egg laying amount of female adult is high
In the radish aphid female adult pest that constant temperature is bred, this is beneficial to the reproduction speed and efficiency that improve radish aphid.
(8) it is inoculated with dish aphid parasite：
3 age radish aphid nymphs 300 are randomly selected from step (3) rape, from step (4) CK1, CK2, CK3 rape
Each 300 of 3 age radish aphid nymph is randomly selected, the rape containing above-mentioned 3 age nymph is isolated with other rapes, and with sarong cover
Firmly；Dish aphid parasite is inoculated on above-mentioned 3 age nymph respectively into honeybee, the quantity of stiff aphid on rape is checked after 10 days, it is determined that parasitic
Rate.
Note：Radish aphid parasitic rate is the average value for repeating experiment three times in table 5
The present invention greatly improves the reproductive efficiency of radish aphid it can be seen from table 1-5 data, and then shortens dish
The time of aphid parasite breeding, parasitic rate of the dish aphid parasite to radish aphid nymph is improved, improves dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. dish aphid parasite propagation method, it is characterised in that：The method includes the steps of：（One）Host plant selects, （Two）Radish aphid is inoculated with,（Three）Radish aphid breeds,（Four）It is inoculated with dish aphid parasite；Described host plant selection comprises the following steps： Selection leaf age is the rape of 5-6 leaves as radish aphid host；Described radish aphid inoculation comprises the following steps：It is 5-6 leaves by leaf age Rape move to and connect zooecium, be inoculated with the aptery adult aphid of radish aphid, every plant of rape is inoculated with 25-65 aptery adult aphid, meets worm indoor temperature guarantor Hold at 22 DEG C, relative humidity 70%, illumination is sufficient；Described radish aphid breeds to be bred using alternating temperature, is comprised the following steps：Will inoculation Rear rape moves into greenhouse, the temperature in greenhouse is adjusted into 18.5 DEG C during the morning 6, then the temperature in greenhouse raises 2 per hour DEG C, during to afternoon 12, the temperature in greenhouse reaches 30.5 DEG C, keeps warm indoor temperature 30.5 DEG C 2 hours, then cools per hour 1.5 DEG C, during at night 22, warm indoor temperature is 18.5 DEG C, and when then keeping 18.5 DEG C to next day 6, the humidity in greenhouse is kept In 68-75%, illumination condition is illumination in 13 hours, 11 hours dark；Alternating temperature is bred lasting 2-3 days, and the egg development of radish aphid was 3 ages Nymph.
- A kind of 2. dish aphid parasite propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Dish aphid parasite is inoculated into honeybee On the 3 age nymphs bred, when becoming stiff aphid by the radish aphid of parasitism, stiff aphid is chosen, is put into standby in dactylethrae.
- A kind of 3. dish aphid parasite propagation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described alternating temperature breeds lasting 4- 5 days, the egg development of radish aphid was adult.
- A kind of 4. dish aphid parasite propagation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The kind of the rape is caul-fat No. 3 or caul-fat 6.
- A kind of 5. dish aphid parasite propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The 3 age nymphs of described radish aphid Purposes as dish aphid parasite host.
- 6. according to a kind of dish aphid parasite propagation method of claim 3, it is characterised in that：The adult of described radish aphid is used to breed The purposes of radish aphid of future generation.
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| CN105941338B (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2018-11-06 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | A kind of method of propagation in scale dish aphid parasite |
| CN105900932B (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2019-09-10 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | A kind of method of efficient breeding radish aphid |
| CN105900931A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-08-31 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | method for breeding Lipaphis erysimi on large scale |
| CN105994172B (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2019-03-26 | 河南省农业科学院烟草研究所 | A kind of method carrying out aphid winter conservation using radish is stored away in winter |
| CN106172248B (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2017-09-29 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | A kind of expanding propagation method of Japan's food a red-spotted lizard aphid chalcid fly |
| CN106234312B (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2019-02-26 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | A kind of save space, low cost, the aphidius gifuensis of economical and efficient for kind of a method |
| CN110800699B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-08-27 | 湖南省水稻研究所 | Method for prolonging service life of trichogramma of rice borer |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101455190B (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2011-11-02 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale propagation technique |
| JP5594657B2 (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2014-09-24 | 独立行政法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 | How to make a ladybird genetically lacking flight ability |
| CN103749400B (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2015-05-06 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Method for improving breeding efficiency of bemisia tabaci |
| CN104126458B (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-03-02 | 中山大学 | Dish aphid parasite vector plant system and construction method thereof |
| CN104126551B (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2016-06-29 | 云南省烟草公司红河州公司 | A kind of method of floating tobacco seedlings breeding aphidius gifuensis |
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