CN104126458B - Dish aphid parasite vector plant system and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Dish aphid parasite vector plant system and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of dish aphid parasite vector plant system, in this system, vector plant is tobacco, and Hosts is cigarette aphid, and parasite is dish aphid parasite.The vector plant system of preventing and treating of the present invention can obtain preferably breeding effect, can ensure that certain bee yield is applied to the control of field target pest, enough cigarette aphids residue can be had again for the continued propagation of dish aphid parasite, reduce chemical pesticide usage amount, to the control of insect of vegetables, there is sizable effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological technical field, be specifically related to a kind of dish aphid parasite vector plant system, and the construction method of this vector plant system.
Background technology
Current aphid there will be a known kind more than 4700 in the world, have that kind is many, host mixes, distribution is wide, quantity large, breeding is fast, parthenogenesis, epoch are overlapping, endanger the features such as huge, frequent is on the bud of plant, tender leaf, bud, spray, with the juice in sharp-pointed mouthpart sucking plant phloem sieve tube, and the plant virus of being carried propagates in host plant body, cause plant vigor shortage, growth rate reduction, depauperation, occur tikka, yellowing, leaf roll, output reduces, the even symptom such as withered death.How to carry out effectively preventing to aphid, be all the problem perplexing vast agricultural worker all the time.
Traditional chemical agricultural insecticide is rapid-action, but easily causes the series of problems such as pesticide resistance, residual and environmental pollution.Biological control is the Perfected process that aphid is administered, and has good application prospect in control of aphids, but a lot of research is all confined to scientific research aspect at present, and large-scale Field information supporting technology still quite lacks.The practical application display that biological control of insect pests is long-term, current most biological control means can only play temporary transient control action for the control of insect.Therefore, the biological control method finding a kind of real continuous and effective control aphis population level is extremely urgent.
Dish aphid parasite (DiaeretiellarapaeM ' Intosh) belong to Hymenoptera Aphidiidae, it is a kind of internal excited state of obligatory parasitism aphid, ovum originates in aphid body by queen bee, body fluid after hatching in its larval feeding aphid body, make aphid devitalization dead and ossify as stiff aphid, having certain Natural control action to aphid.At present, in parasitic wasp research field, oophagous trichogrammae is that domestic and international most study is the most deep, and successful Application.But from the present Research of dish aphid parasite, still less to its research at present, especially dish aphid parasite biological control and control utilize aspect less.
Vector plant system (Bankerplantsystem) a kind ofly integrates the novel biocontrol technology that comparatively traditional natural enemy biological prevention feature such as natural enemy is introduced in protection and development natural enemy, artificial propagation and release natural enemy and strange land; an energy self―sustaining can be set up and effectively can reduce the pest control system of target pest Population Level, integrating the advantages such as preventative control, sustainability control, efficient multiaspect control, compatible control and low cost control.Vector plant system forms primarily of three fundamentals, i.e. vector plant, Hosts and beneficial organism.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the technical problem for solving above, a kind of dish aphid parasite vector plant system is provided, this system breeding effect is good, can self―sustaining effectively reduce vegetable aphid Population Level, integrate preventative control, sustainability control, efficient multiaspect control, compatible control and low cost control.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the construction method of said system.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the purposes of said system in control vegetable aphid.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of biological control vegetable aphid.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of dish aphid parasite vector plant system, in this system, vector plant is tobacco, and Hosts is cigarette aphid, and parasite is dish aphid parasite.
Support according to the present invention botanical system, preferably, the aphid amount that initially connects of this system is every strain vector plant inoculating 2000.
Support according to the present invention botanical system, preferably, when the female parasitic wasp of this system connects honeybee amount and connects honeybee, the ratio of Aphed population is 1:100.
Present invention also offers the construction method of described dish aphid parasite vector plant system, its step is as follows:
(1) in 24 DEG C of greenhouses, prepare of the right age tobacco, guarantee plant does not infect aphid, select 3 ~ 4 ages aptery, anosis, not by the cigarette aphid of parasitism 200, accessed tobacco plant, and shrouded with plastics cylinder mould, the anti-escape that eliminates aphis;
(2) aphid inoculation adaptation was added up again to the cigarette aphid on plant after one day, and guarantee that its length of time is between 3 ~ 4 ages, quantity is 200, lets alone self-reproduction, treats that its quantity reaches 2000 cigarette aphids;
(3) pick out the dish aphid parasite of just sprouting wings, a female hero is placed in the centrifuge tube having air-vent, feeds, let alone pangamy 24h with 10% honey;
(4) post-coitum is by the tobacco plant in above-mentioned queen bee totally 20 accesses step (2), forms honeybee (♀) the aphid ratio of 1:100, lets alone free parasitism.
Dish aphid parasite vector plant system provided by the invention is applied to control vegetable aphid, is particularly applied to brassicaceous vegetable (such as Chinese cabbage, cabbage heart, rape) and prevents and treats vegetable aphid.
Present invention also offers a kind of method of biological control vegetable aphid, its step is as follows:
(1) in 24 DEG C of greenhouses, prepare of the right age cabbage heart plant, guarantee plant does not infect aphid, select 3 ~ 4 ages aptery, anosis, not by the vegetable aphid of parasitism 100, and be linked on cabbage heart plant, shroud with plastics cylinder mould, prevent aphid escape; Place and within one day, allow aphid adapt to new plant;
(2) vegetable aphid inoculation adaptation after one day, the aphid on plant is added up again, guarantee its length of time and quantity accurate;
(3) from vector plant system, pick out the dish aphid parasite of just sprouting wings, one female one male pairing is placed in centrifuge tube, feeds, let alone pangamy 24h with 10% honey; In this vector plant system, vector plant is tobacco, and Hosts is cigarette aphid, and parasite is dish aphid parasite;
(4) 1 queen bee is linked on the cabbage heart plant in step (2) by post-coitum, lets alone free parasitism.
The invention provides a kind of is vector plant with tobacco, and cigarette aphid is Hosts, and dish aphid parasite is that the vector plant of parasite prevents and treats system, for the biological control of vegetable aphid.Dish aphid parasite vector plant system of the present invention can obtain preferably breeding effect, can ensure that certain bee yield is applied to the control of field target pest, enough cigarette aphids residue can be had again for the continued propagation of dish aphid parasite, reduce chemical pesticide usage amount, to the control of insect of vegetables, there is sizable effect, and be conducive to the quality safety ensureing agricultural product further, promote agricultural sustainable development.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, method of the present invention is described in further detail, to understand the present invention better.
1. material
Tobacco (being provided by Agricultural University Of South China), vegetable seeds (buy by seed growing station, 24 DEG C of chamber plantings), cigarette aphid Myzuspersicae (Sulzer) (select some aptery, anosis, be not inoculated into by the one-tenth aphid of parasitism grow to 5 leaves tobacco on to carry out expansion numerous for subsequent use, shroud with plastic jacket and cylinder mould, the anti-escape that eliminates aphis, parasitic), (stiff aphid collection is carried out in field, Renhe Town, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City to dish aphid parasite, collects 10ml centrifuge tube.Feed with 10% honey after becoming bee eclosion, after confirming as dish aphid parasite, put into cylinder mould, provide length to have the cabbage heart plant of vegetable aphid to carry out expansion numerous.After stiff aphid occurs, collect stiff aphid day by day, load in 10ml centrifuge tube for subsequent use.The second generation dish aphid parasite of new emergence carries out pairing by sex ration 1:1 and feeds, and queen bee is for subsequent use for testing).
2. aphid parasite and aphid inoculation method
The inoculation of aphid parasite adopts directly lets method or stiff aphid placement methods fly away.
Use during aphid inoculation and manually choose aphid inoculation method or artificial sheet connects aphid method.
Manually choose aphid inoculation method: from band aphid blade with little fur writing brush by head aphid picking, be carefully placed on and will inoculate plant leaf front, allow it freely creep.To note not stabbing aphid when choosing aphid, and can not be too intensive when placing.
Artificial sheet connects aphid method: vanelets band aphid blade being torn into 2-3cm, and be placed on and will inoculate (apart from cane 1/3rd place) in plant lower blade, should note facing up in the position that aphid is many, cause the mortality of aphid when preventing blade inter-adhesive.And will pay special attention to, after the aphid on sheet blade moves to inoculation plant in a large number, should the blade centralized collection post processing of sheet be fallen in time, preventing may with the stiff aphid of part or virus in sheet.
3. dish aphid parasite is to the parasitic rate of Hosts and eclosion rate
3.1 prepare of the right age tobacco plant in 24 DEG C of greenhouses, guarantee plant does not infect aphid, select 3-4 age aptery, anosis, not by the cigarette aphid of parasitism 100, be inoculated on plant, and shrouded with plastic net cover, in case aphid escapes.Place and within one day, allow aphid adapt to new plant, for subsequent use.
3.2 aphids inoculation adaptations were added up aphid on plant after one day again, and guarantee that its length of time is between 3-4 age, quantity is 100, goes few benefit more.
3.3 to pick out the dish aphid parasite one of just sprouting wings female male, is placed in the 10ml centrifuge tube having air-vent, and dip 10% honey with blotting paper and feed, and lets alone pangamy 24h.
3.4 post-coitums above-mentioned queen bee is inoculated in step 3.2 respectively have 100 aphids plant on, let alone free parasitism.
Day by day observe plant after 3.5 queen bees shift out, the stiff aphid occurred is collected 10ml centrifuge tube, in time until stiff aphid no longer appears in plant.Carry out quantity and the emergence situation statistics of the appearance of stiff aphid.
Result shows, and the parasitic rate of dish aphid parasite to cigarette aphid reaches 69.00%, and eclosion rate reaches 92.75%.Therefore, cigarette aphid is comparatively suitable as the Hosts of dish aphid parasite, can carry out the breeding of cocoon honeybee largely.
4. Hosts is to the potential eutrophication of target crop
4.1 prepare of the right age tobacco plant in 24 DEG C of greenhouses, access cigarette aphid about 1000 in each age thereon, let alone free breeding.
4.2 with above-mentioned tobacco plant for the center of circle, respectively place 4 ready-to-cook dish of meat, vegetables, etc. heart plant at the circumference place of its radius 0.5m, 1m, 3m, 5m, guarantee plant not to have infected aphid.
Whether 4.3 observe day by day on each cabbage heart plant and have cigarette aphid to occur, adds up its quantity.
According to each radius circumferentially cabbage heart plant occur cigarette aphid quantity and the length of time, whether preliminary judgement cigarette aphid works the mischief to cabbage heart plant, and its harm range of scatter be how many.
Result is as shown in table 1, the 5th day after Setup Experiments, the part cabbage heart plant of distance tobacco 0.5m and 1m starts to occur cigarette aphid, but worm amount is considerably less, only has 0.67 head/plant, 1.00 heads/plant respectively.By the 10th day and the 15th day, on the cabbage heart plant in this two distance, cigarette aphid quantity was further improved, but overall still considerably less, only has at most 30.67 heads/plant of cabbage hearts and 22.00 heads/plant of cabbage hearts.In addition, distance inoculation has on the cabbage heart plant of tobacco plant 3m, 5m of cigarette aphid, cigarette aphid migration amount is less, only have to the 15th genius digital display only a few cigarette aphid, this illustrates that the transfer ability of cigarette aphid is more weak to a certain extent, and it can not carry out large-scale breeding on target vegetables, large potential hazard can not be formed to target vegetables.
Table 1 Hosts is to the potential hazard of target crop
Note: in table, data are mean value ± standard error (n=3).
5. Hosts adaptability
On tobacco and cabbage heart plant, access cigarette aphid 50 respectively, and shrouded with gauze, prevent it from escaping.Every 24h, a quantity statistics is carried out to it.
Result shows, and the survival and reproduction ability of cigarette aphid on tobacco is higher, and after aphid inoculates 7 days, its quantity rises to 237 from 50.By contrast, although cigarette aphid also occurs the phenomena of mortality after being linked on cabbage heart plant, through the laundering period two days later, cigarette aphid starts to breed on cabbage heart, and the later stage, its quantity started to go up gradually, illustrates that cigarette aphid has certain harm for cabbage heart.But also can see the growth and breeding speed of cigarette aphid on cabbage heart slowly, large harm can not be caused.
6. dish aphid parasite vector plant system constructing
6.1 prepare of the right age tobacco in 24 DEG C of greenhouses, guarantee plant does not infect aphid, select 3 ~ 4 ages aptery, anosis, not by the cigarette aphid of parasitism 200, accessed tobacco plant, and shrouded with plastics cylinder mould, the anti-escape that eliminates aphis.
6.2 aphid inoculation adaptations were added up again to the cigarette aphid on plant after one day, and guarantee that its length of time is between 3 ~ 4 ages, quantity is 200, lets alone self-reproduction, treats that its quantity reaches 2000 cigarette aphids.
6.3 pick out the dish aphid parasite of just sprouting wings, and a female hero is placed in the 10ml centrifuge tube having air-vent, and dip 10% (mass concentration) honey with blotting paper and feed, and let alone pangamy 24h.
6.4 post-coitums, by the tobacco plant in above-mentioned queen bee totally 20 access steps 6.2, form 1:100 honeybee (♀) the aphid ratio ratio of Aphed population (when female parasitic wasp connects honeybee amount and connects honeybee), let alone free parasitized breeding.
Day by day observe plant after 6.4 queen bees shift out, the stiff aphid occurred is collected 10ml centrifuge tube, in time until stiff aphid no longer appears in plant.Carry out quantity and the emergence situation statistics of the appearance of stiff aphid.
Experimental result shows, and when honeybee (♀) aphid is than during for 1:100, its parasitic rate is 69.00%, and eclosion rate is 92.92%, visible, and parasitic rate is high, eclosion rate is high, bee yield is large.When initial cigarette aphid amount is 2000, finally obtain 2715 stiff aphids, eclosion rate is 83.1%, and the time that vector plant system can maintain is 36d.Visible, choose initial cigarette aphid amount 2000, honeybee (♀) aphid ratio is suitable for 1:100 builds tobacco-dish aphid parasite vector plant system.This system can ensure that certain bee yield is applied to the control of field target pest, can have again enough cigarette aphids residue for the continued propagation of dish aphid parasite.
7. system breeding dish aphid parasite is to the biological control method of target pest
7.1 prepare of the right age cabbage heart plant in 24 DEG C of greenhouses, guarantee plant does not infect aphid, select 3 ~ 4 ages aptery, anosis, not by the vegetable aphid of parasitism 100, and be linked on cabbage heart plant, shroud with plastics cylinder mould, prevent aphid escape.Place and within one day, allow aphid adapt to new plant.
7.2 vegetable aphids inoculation adaptations after one day, the aphid on plant is added up again, guarantee its length of time and quantity accurate.
7.3 pick out the dish aphid parasite of just sprouting wings from vector plant system, and one female one male pairing is placed in centrifuge tube, dips 10% honey and feeds, let alone pangamy 24h with blotting paper.
1 queen bee is linked on the cabbage heart plant in step 7.2 by 7.4 post-coitums, lets alone free parasitism.
Day by day observe cabbage heart plant after 7.5 queen bees shift out, the stiff aphid occurred is collected 10ml centrifuge tube, in time until stiff aphid no longer appears in plant.
Result is as shown in table 2,
Table 2 system breeding dish aphid parasite is to the parasitism of target pest and emergence situation
Note: in table, data are mean value ± standard error (n=3).
Can obviously be found out by upper table, the parasitic rate of dish aphid parasite to target pest vegetable aphid of being bred gained by system reaches 71.17% ± 6.35%, effectively can suppress development and the expanding propagation of vegetable aphid population.69.00% ± 3.06% there is certain parasitic preferences than the dish aphid parasite that also to a certain degree can reflect this system and breed gained to vegetable aphid mutually with to the parasitic rate of Hosts cigarette aphid, be conducive to Field information delicacies of the season aphid parasite and the diffusion of vegetable aphid is prevented and treated.And this dish aphid parasite is slightly lower than the eclosion rate of cigarette aphid to the eclosion rate of target pest vegetable aphid, but still the normal maintenance of cocoon honeybee population quantity in field can be ensured, and to the control most critical of vegetable aphid or the parasitization to it, to affect its breeding and survival ability, vector plant system just can maintain the population quantity of field natural enemy very well, and therefore the eclosion rate of dish aphid parasite is slightly low can not cause too large impact to the control of field target pest.
The invention provides one can self―sustaining, sustainability, the effectively main aphid of control vegetables dish aphid parasite vector plant system, be specially tobacco-cigarette aphid-dish aphid parasite vector plant system.This system can not only keep higher parasitic rate, eclosion rate and bee yield, can also maintain the self-reproduction demand of aphid, and be unlikely to that cigarette aphid is all parasitic, cause system continuation to have an effect.This system can ensure that certain bee yield is applied to the control of field target pest, can have again enough cigarette aphids residue for the continued propagation of dish aphid parasite.Find that the dish aphid parasite of being bred gained by this system is also more satisfactory to the parasitic rate of target pest by further experiment, reach 71.17%, can effectively prevent and treat vegetables target pest.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a dish aphid parasite vector plant system, it is characterized in that: in this system, vector plant is tobacco, Hosts is cigarette aphid, and parasite is dish aphid parasite;
The construction step of described dish aphid parasite vector plant system is as follows:
(1) in 24 DEG C of greenhouses, prepare of the right age tobacco, guarantee plant does not infect aphid, select 3 ~ 4 ages aptery, anosis, not by the cigarette aphid of parasitism 200, accessed tobacco plant, and shrouded with plastics cylinder mould, prevented aphid escape;
(2) aphid inoculation adaptation was added up again to the cigarette aphid on plant after one day, and guarantee that its length of time is between 3 ~ 4 ages, quantity is 200, lets alone self-reproduction, treats that its quantity reaches 2000 cigarette aphids;
(3) pick out the dish aphid parasite of just sprouting wings, a female hero is placed in the centrifuge tube having air-vent, feeds, let alone pangamy 24h with 10% honey;
(4) post-coitum is by the tobacco plant in above-mentioned queen bee totally 20 accesses step (2), forms honeybee (♀) the aphid ratio of 1:100, lets alone free parasitism.
2. dish aphid parasite vector plant system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the aphid amount that initially connects of this system is every strain vector plant inoculating 2000.
3. dish aphid parasite vector plant system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when the female parasitic wasp of this system connects honeybee amount and connects honeybee, the ratio of Aphed population is 1:100.
4. dish aphid parasite vector plant system according to claim 1 is applied to control vegetable aphid.
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| CN104904531B (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2019-04-02 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A kind of take semen viciae fabae seedling and aphis craccivora as the Biological control of aphid method of savings carrier |
| CN105211008B (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2017-12-01 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | A kind of dish aphid parasite propagation method |
| CN106614393A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-10 | 西北农林科技大学 | Carrier plant system and construction method thereof |
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| 《害虫生物防治新技术——载体植物系统》;肖英方等;《中国生物防治学报》;20120208;第28卷(第1期);第2节载体植物系统技术发展 * |
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