CN104126458A - Diaeretiella rapae curtis carrier plant system and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Diaeretiella rapae curtis carrier plant system and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104126458A CN104126458A CN201410350755.4A CN201410350755A CN104126458A CN 104126458 A CN104126458 A CN 104126458A CN 201410350755 A CN201410350755 A CN 201410350755A CN 104126458 A CN104126458 A CN 104126458A
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Abstract
The invention provides a diaeretiella rapae curtis carrier plant system. According to the diaeretiella rapae curtis carrier plant system, the carrier plant is tobacco, the replaceable host is myzus persicae, and the parasite is the diaeretiella rapae curtis. By means of the diaeretiella rapae curtis carrier plant system, a good diaeretiella rapae curtis breeding effect can be achieved, a certain amount of diaeretiella rapae curtis can be applied to preventing and controlling field target injurious insects, enough myzus persicae can be left to be used for continuous breeding of the diaeretiella rapae curtis, the usage amount of chemical pesticide is reduced, and the diaeretiella rapae curtis carrier plant system plays a very big role in vegetable injurious insect preventing and controlling.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological technical field, be specifically related to a kind of vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee carrier botanical system, and the construction method of this carrier botanical system.
Background technology
At present aphid is known in the world a kind more than 4700, have that kind is many, host is assorted, distribute wide, quantity is large, breeding is fast, parthenogenesis, epoch are overlapping, endanger the features such as huge, frequent is on the bud of plant, tender leaf, bud, spray, with sharp-pointed mouthpart, suck the juice in plant phloem screen casing, and the plant virus of being carried propagates in host plant body, cause plant vigor shortage, growth rate reduction, depauperation, occur tikka, yellowing, leaf roll, yield reducation, even the symptom such as withered death.How aphid is carried out to effectively preventing, be all the vast agricultural worker's of puzzlement problem all the time.
Traditional chemical agricultural insecticide is rapid-action, but easily causes the series of problems such as pesticide resistance, residual and environmental pollution.Biological control is the Perfected process that aphid is administered, and has good application prospect in control of aphids, but at present a lot of research is all confined to scientific research aspect, and large-scale field application supporting technology still quite lacks.The practical application demonstration that biological control of insect pests is long-term, current most biological control means can only play temporary transient control action for the control of insect.Therefore, finding a kind of real continuous and effective, to control the biological control method of aphis population level extremely urgent.
Vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee (Diaeretiella rapae M ' Intosh) belongs to Hymenoptera Aphidiidae, it is a kind of endoparasitism honeybee of obligatory parasitism aphid, queen bee originates in ovum in aphid body, body fluid after hatching in its larval feeding aphid body, make aphid devitalization death and ossify as stiff aphid, aphid is had to certain Natural control action.At present, in parasitic wasp research field, oophagous trichogrammae is that domestic and international most study is the most deep, and successful Application.But from the present Research of vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee, at present still less to its research, especially vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee biological control and control utilize aspect still less.
Carrier botanical system (Banker plant system) is a kind of novel biocontrol technology that integrates the protection natural enemy biological prevention feature comparatively traditional with utilizing natural enemy, artificial propagation and release natural enemy and strange land introduction natural enemy etc.; can set up an energy self―sustaining and can effectively reduce the control of insect system of target pest Population Level, integrate the advantages such as preventative control, sustainability control, efficient multiaspect control, compatible control and low-cost control.Carrier botanical system is mainly comprised of three fundamentals, i.e. carrier plant, Hosts and beneficial organism.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the technical problem that will solve for above, a kind of vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee carrier botanical system is provided, this system breeding effect is good, can self―sustaining and effectively reduce vegetable aphid Population Level, integrate preventative control, sustainability control, efficient multiaspect control, compatible control and low-cost control.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the construction method of said system.
A further object of the present invention is to provide the purposes of said system aspect control vegetable aphid.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of biological control vegetable aphid.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee carrier botanical system, in this system, carrier plant is tobacco, and Hosts is cigarette aphid, and parasite is vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee.
Support according to the present invention botanical system, preferably, the aphid amount that initially connects of this system is 2000 of every strain vector plant inoculatings.
Support according to the present invention botanical system, preferably, when the female parasitic wasp of this system connects honeybee amount and connects honeybee, the ratio of Aphed population is 1:100.
The present invention also provides the construction method of described vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee carrier botanical system, and its step is as follows:
(1) in 24 ℃ of greenhouses, prepare of the right age tobacco, guarantee not infect aphid on plant, select 3～4 ages aptery, anosis, not by 200 of parasitic cigarette aphids, accessed tobacco plant, and shrouded with plastics cylinder mould, the anti-escape that eliminates aphis;
(2) after aphid inoculation adapts to one day, the cigarette aphid on plant is added up again, guaranteed that its length of time is between 3～4 ages, quantity is 200, lets alone self-reproduction, treats that its quantity reaches 2000 cigarette aphids;
(3) pick out the vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee of firm emergence, a female hero is placed in the centrifuge tube of ordering air-vent, with 10% honey, feeds, and lets alone pangamy 24h;
(4) post-coitum, by the above-mentioned queen bee tobacco plant that totally 20 are accessed in steps (2), forms honeybee (♀) the aphid ratio of 1:100, lets alone free parasitism.
Vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee carrier botanical system provided by the invention is applied to prevent and treat vegetable aphid, is particularly applied to brassicaceous vegetable (for example Chinese cabbage, cabbage heart, rape) control vegetable aphid.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of biological control vegetable aphid, and its step is as follows:
(1) in 24 ℃ of greenhouses, prepare of the right age cabbage heart plant, guarantee not infect aphid on plant, select 3～4 ages aptery, anosis, not by 100 of parasitic vegetable aphids, and be linked on cabbage heart plant, with plastics cylinder mould, shroud, prevent aphid escape; Place and within one day, allow aphid adapt to new plant;
(2) after vegetable aphid inoculation adapts to one day, the aphid on plant is added up again, guaranteed that its length of time and quantity are accurate;
(3) from carrier botanical system, pick out the vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee of firm emergence, one female one male pairing is placed in centrifuge tube, with 10% honey, feeds, and lets alone pangamy 24h; In this carrier botanical system, carrier plant is tobacco, and Hosts is cigarette aphid, and parasite is vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee;
(4) post-coitum is linked into 1 queen bee on the cabbage heart plant in step (2), lets alone free parasitism.
The invention provides and a kind ofly take tobacco as carrier plant, cigarette aphid is Hosts, and the carrier plant prevention system that vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee is parasite, for the biological control of vegetable aphid.Vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee carrier botanical system of the present invention can obtain preferably breeding effect, can guarantee that certain bee yield is applied to the control of field target pest, can there be again enough cigarette aphid residues for the lasting breeding of vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee, reduce chemical pesticide usage amount, the control of insect of vegetables is had to sizable effect, and be conducive to further guarantee the quality safety of agricultural product, promote agricultural sustainable development.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, method of the present invention is described in further detail, to understand better the present invention.
1. material
Tobacco (being provided by Agricultural University Of South China), vegetable seeds (buy by seed growing station, 24 ℃ of chamber plantings), cigarette aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (select some aptery, anosis, not by parasitic one-tenth aphid be inoculated on the tobacco that grows to 5 leaves, expand numerous standby, with plastic jacket and cylinder mould, shroud, the anti-escape that eliminates aphis, quilt parasitism), (stiff aphid collection is carried out in field, Renhe Town, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City to vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee, collects 10ml centrifuge tube.After becoming bee eclosion, with 10% honey, feed, put into cylinder mould after confirming as vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee, providing long has the cabbage heart plant of vegetable aphid to expand numerous.After stiff aphid occurs, collect day by day stiff aphid, pack in 10ml centrifuge tube standby.The new second generation vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee sprouting wings matches nursing by male and female than 1:1, and queen bee is used for testing standby).
2. aphid cocoon honeybee and aphid inoculation method
The inoculation of aphid cocoon honeybee adopts directly lets method or stiff aphid placement methods fly away.
In aphid when inoculation, is used and manually chooses aphid inoculation method or artificial sheet connects aphid method.
Manually choose aphid inoculation method: from band aphid blade with little fur writing brush by an aphid picking, be carefully placed on and will inoculate plant leaf front, allow it freely creep.While choosing aphid, to note not stabbing aphid, and can not be too intensive when placing.
Artificial sheet connects aphid method: by being torn into the vanelets of 2-3cm with aphid blade, being placed on, will inoculate (apart from cane 1/3rd places) in plant lower blade, should note facing up in the position that aphid is many, prevent from causing when blade is inter-adhesive the mortality of aphid.And will pay special attention to, the aphid on sheet blade moves to after inoculation plant in a large number, should in time the blade centralized collection post processing of sheet be fallen, and preventing may be with the stiff aphid of part or virus in sheet.
3. vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee is to the parasitic rate of Hosts and eclosion rate
3.1 prepare of the right age tobacco plant in 24 ℃ of greenhouses, guarantee not infect aphid on plant, select 3-4 age aptery, anosis, not by 100 of parasitic cigarette aphids, be inoculated on plant, and shrouded with plastic net cover, in case aphid escapes.Place and within one day, allow aphid adapt to new plant, standby.
3.2 aphids inoculations are added up aphid on plant after adapting to one day again, guarantee that its length of time is at 3-4 between age, and quantity is 100, goes few benefit more.
3.3 pick out the female hero of vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee one of firm emergence, are placed in the 10ml centrifuge tube of ordering air-vent, and with blotting paper, dip 10% honey and feed, and let alone pangamy 24h.
3.4 post-coitums are inoculated into above-mentioned queen bee respectively on the plant that has 100 aphids in step 3.2, let alone free parasitism.
After 3.5 queen bees shift out, observe day by day plant, the stiff aphid occurring is collected to 10ml centrifuge tube in time, until stiff aphid no longer appears in plant.Carry out quantity and emergence situation statistics that stiff aphid occurs.
Result demonstration, vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee reaches 69.00% to the parasitic rate of cigarette aphid, and eclosion rate reaches 92.75%.Therefore, cigarette aphid is comparatively suitable as the Hosts of vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee, can carry out largely the breeding of cocoon honeybee.
4. the potentiality harm of Hosts to target crop
4.1 prepare of the right age tobacco plant in 24 ℃ of greenhouses, access each 1000 left and right of cigarette aphid in age thereon, let alone free breeding.
4.2 take above-mentioned tobacco plant as the center of circle, respectively place 4 ready-to-cook dish of meat, vegetables, etc. heart plant at the circumference place of its radius 0.5m, 1m, 3m, 5m, guarantee on plant, not have infected aphid.
4.3 observe on each cabbage heart plant whether have the appearance of cigarette aphid day by day, add up its quantity.
The cigarette aphid quantity and the length of time that according to cabbage heart plant on each radius circumference, occur, whether preliminary judgement cigarette aphid works the mischief to cabbage heart plant, take and endanger range of scatter as how much.
Result is as shown in table 1, and after experiment arranges the 5th day on the part cabbage heart plant apart from tobacco 0.5m and 1m, start to occur cigarette aphid, but worm amount is considerably less, only has respectively 0.67 head/plant, 1.00 heads/plant.By the 10th day and the 15th day, on the cabbage heart plant in this two distance, cigarette aphid quantity was further improved, but totally still considerably less, only has at most 30.67 heads/plant of cabbage hearts and 22.00 heads/plant of cabbage hearts.In addition, distance is inoculated on the cabbage heart plant of the tobacco plant 3m, the 5m that have cigarette aphid, cigarette aphid migration amount still less, only have to the 15th genius digital display only a few cigarette aphid, this transfer ability that cigarette aphid is described is to a certain extent more weak, and it can not carry out large-scale breeding on target vegetables, can not form large potential hazard to target vegetables.
The potential hazard of table 1 Hosts to target crop
Note: in table, data are mean value ± standard error (n=3).
5. Hosts adaptability
On tobacco and cabbage heart plant, access respectively 50 of cigarette aphids, and shrouded with gauze, prevent its escape.Every 24h, it is carried out to quantity statistics one time.
Result demonstration, the survival and reproduction ability of cigarette aphid on tobacco is higher, and after aphid inoculates 7 days, its quantity rises to 237 from 50.By contrast, although cigarette aphid also occurs the phenomena of mortality after on being linked into cabbage heart plant, through the laundering period two days later, cigarette aphid starts to breed on cabbage heart, and the later stage, its quantity started to go up gradually, illustrated that cigarette aphid has certain harm for cabbage heart.But also can see that the growth and breeding speed of cigarette aphid on cabbage heart is very slow, can not cause large harm.
6. vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee carrier botanical system builds
6.1 prepare of the right age tobacco in 24 ℃ of greenhouses, guarantee not infect aphid on plant, select 3～4 ages aptery, anosis, not by 200 of parasitic cigarette aphids, accessed tobacco plant, and shrouded with plastics cylinder mould, the anti-escape that eliminates aphis.
6.2 the cigarette aphid on plant is added up again after aphid inoculation adapts to one day, guarantee that its length of time is between 3～4 ages, quantity is 200, lets alone self-reproduction, treats that its quantity reaches 2000 cigarette aphids.
6.3 pick out the vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee of firm emergence, and a female hero is placed in the 10ml centrifuge tube of ordering air-vent, and with blotting paper, dip 10% (mass concentration) honey and feed, and let alone pangamy 24h.
6.4 post-coitum by the above-mentioned queen bee tobacco plant that 20 are accessed in steps 6.2, forms 1:100 honeybee (♀) aphid totally than (ratio of Aphed population when female parasitic wasp connects honeybee amount and connects honeybee), lets alone free parasitized breeding.
After 6.4 queen bees shift out, observe day by day plant, the stiff aphid occurring is collected to 10ml centrifuge tube in time, until stiff aphid no longer appears in plant.Carry out quantity and emergence situation statistics that stiff aphid occurs.
Experimental result demonstration, when honeybee (♀) aphid ratio is 1:100, its parasitic rate is 69.00%, and eclosion rate is 92.92%, visible, and parasitic rate is high, eclosion rate is high, bee yield is large.Initial cigarette aphid amount is 2000 o'clock, finally obtains 2715 stiff aphids, and eclosion rate is 83.1%, and the time that carrier botanical system can maintain is 36d.Visible, choose 2000 of initial cigarette aphid amounts, honeybee (♀) aphid than being suitable for 1:100 structure tobacco-vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee carrier botanical system.This system can guarantee that certain bee yield is applied to the control of field target pest, can have again enough cigarette aphid residues for the lasting breeding of vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee.
7. system is bred the biological control method of vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee to target pest
7.1 prepare of the right age cabbage heart plant in 24 ℃ of greenhouses, guarantee not infect aphid on plant, select 3～4 ages aptery, anosis, not by 100 of parasitic vegetable aphids, and be linked on cabbage heart plant, with plastics cylinder mould, shroud, prevent aphid escape.Place and within one day, allow aphid adapt to new plant.
After 7.2 vegetable aphid inoculations adapt to one day, the aphid on plant is added up again, guaranteed that its length of time and quantity are accurate.
7.3 pick out the vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee of firm emergence from carrier botanical system, and one female one male pairing is placed in centrifuge tube, dips 10% honey feed with blotting paper, lets alone pangamy 24h.
7.4 post-coitums are linked into 1 queen bee on the cabbage heart plant in step 7.2, let alone free parasitism.
After 7.5 queen bees shift out, observe day by day cabbage heart plant, the stiff aphid occurring is collected to 10ml centrifuge tube in time, until stiff aphid no longer appears in plant.
Result is as shown in table 2,
Table 2 system breeding vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee is to the parasitism of target pest and emergence situation
Note: in table, data are mean value ± standard error (n=3).
By upper table, can obviously be found out, the vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee that is bred gained by system reaches 71.17% ± 6.35% to the parasitic rate of target pest vegetable aphid, can effectively suppress development and the expanding propagation of vegetable aphid population.Than the vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee that also can to a certain degree reflect this system breeding gained, vegetable aphid is had to certain parasitic preferences with the parasitic rate phase 69.00% ± 3.06% to Hosts cigarette aphid, the diffusion control of vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee to vegetable aphid while being conducive to field application.And this vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee is slightly lower than the eclosion rate of cigarette aphid to the eclosion rate of target pest vegetable aphid, but still can guarantee cocoon honeybee population quantity normally maintaining in field, and to the parasitization control most critical of vegetable aphid or to it, to affect its breeding and survival ability, carrier botanical system just can the fine population quantity that maintains field natural enemy, so the eclosion rate of vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee is slightly low can not cause too large impact to the control of field target pest.
The invention provides one can self―sustaining, sustainability, effectively prevent and treat the vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee carrier botanical system of the main aphid of vegetables, be specially tobacco-cigarette aphid-vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee carrier botanical system.This system can not only keep higher parasitic rate, eclosion rate and bee yield, can also maintain the self-reproduction demand of aphid, and is unlikely to that cigarette aphid is all parasitic, causes system continuation to have an effect.This system can guarantee that certain bee yield is applied to the control of field target pest, can have again enough cigarette aphid residues for the lasting breeding of vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee.By further experiment, find by the vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee of this system breeding gained also more satisfactoryly to the parasitic rate of target pest, reach 71.17%, can effectively to vegetables target pest, prevent and treat.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee carrier botanical system, is characterized in that: in this system, carrier plant is tobacco, and Hosts is cigarette aphid, and parasite is vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee.
2. vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee carrier botanical system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the aphid amount that initially connects of this system is 2000 of every strain vector plant inoculatings.
3. vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee carrier botanical system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when the female parasitic wasp of this system connects honeybee amount and connects honeybee, the ratio of Aphed population is 1:100.
4. the construction method of vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee carrier botanical system described in claim 1, its step is as follows:
(1) in 24 ℃ of greenhouses, prepare of the right age tobacco, guarantee not infect aphid on plant, select 3～4 ages aptery, anosis, not by 200 of parasitic cigarette aphids, accessed tobacco plant, and shrouded with plastics cylinder mould, the anti-escape that eliminates aphis;
(2) after aphid inoculation adapts to one day, the cigarette aphid on plant is added up again, guaranteed that its length of time is between 3～4 ages, quantity is 200, lets alone self-reproduction, treats that its quantity reaches 2000 cigarette aphids;
(3) pick out the vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee of firm emergence, a female hero is placed in the centrifuge tube of ordering air-vent, with 10% honey, feeds, and lets alone pangamy 24h;
(4) post-coitum, by the above-mentioned queen bee tobacco plant that totally 20 are accessed in steps (2), forms honeybee (♀) the aphid ratio of 1:100, lets alone free parasitism.
5. vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee carrier botanical system claimed in claim 1 is applied to prevent and treat vegetable aphid.
6. a method for biological control vegetable aphid, its step is as follows:
(1) in 24 ℃ of greenhouses, prepare of the right age cabbage heart plant, guarantee not infect aphid on plant, select 3～4 ages aptery, anosis, not by 100 of parasitic vegetable aphids, and be linked on cabbage heart plant, with plastics cylinder mould, shroud, prevent aphid escape; Place and within one day, allow aphid adapt to new plant;
(2) after vegetable aphid inoculation adapts to one day, the aphid on plant is added up again, guaranteed that its length of time and quantity are accurate;
(3) from carrier botanical system, pick out the vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee of firm emergence, one female one male pairing is placed in centrifuge tube, with 10% honey, feeds, and lets alone pangamy 24h; In this carrier botanical system, carrier plant is tobacco, and Hosts is cigarette aphid, and parasite is vegetable aphid cocoon honeybee;
(4) post-coitum is linked into 1 queen bee on the cabbage heart plant in step (2), lets alone free parasitism.
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| CN106614393A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-10 | 西北农林科技大学 | Carrier plant system and construction method thereof |
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| CN104126458B (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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