CN106234312B - A kind of save space, low cost, the aphidius gifuensis of economical and efficient for kind of a method - Google Patents

A kind of save space, low cost, the aphidius gifuensis of economical and efficient for kind of a method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106234312B
CN106234312B CN201610636238.2A CN201610636238A CN106234312B CN 106234312 B CN106234312 B CN 106234312B CN 201610636238 A CN201610636238 A CN 201610636238A CN 106234312 B CN106234312 B CN 106234312B
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cigarette
bee
host
aphid
strain
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CN106234312A (en
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徐兴阳
张俊文
李明波
王志江
王亮
谢永辉
李�杰
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Kunming Company of Yunnan Tobacco Co
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Kunming Company of Yunnan Tobacco Co
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of save space, low cost, the aphidius gifuensis of economical and efficient for kind of a method.The method provides the top 1/2 for being used to breed host's cigarette strain of two generation kind aphids interception to kind of an aphid, spare host of the lower part 1/2 as offer kind bee in the time in midsummer.Cigarette strain lower part leaves and takes 2 ~ 3 after growing luxuriant cigarette wooden fork, covers with cigarette aphid on tobacco leaf and cigarette wooden fork after 4 ~ 5 days and carries out being inoculated at bee, cuts down whole strain after 7 ~ 10 days again and provides kind of a bee.Retain cigarette strain healthy and strong within 5% simultaneously, only retains its stem, by 3 ~ 4kg/ mus of Nitrogen Top Dressings, cultivate new cigarette wooden fork again.The last month of summer to midautumn or the time last month of summer to the first month of winter need to keep the vigorous growth of cigarette wooden fork on new host, make the breeding synchronous with kind bee of kind of aphid, can retain kind of aphid and kind bee to winter, realization is docked with the breeding of time first month of spring late autumn aphid parasite.The method can save a large amount of repetition process and corresponding labour cost and nursery place, not only ensured kind of bee quality but also improved host's cigarette strain utilization rate.

Description

A kind of save space, low cost, the aphidius gifuensis of economical and efficient for kind of a method
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco biological pest control technical fields, and in particular to a kind of save space, low cost, economical and efficient Aphidius gifuensis for kind of a method.
Background technique
Tobacco is the important industrial crops in China, prevents, avoids cigarette aphid to cause to leaf tobacco production in leaf tobacco production Adverse effect, pursue higher yield of tobacco, economic benefit and safety, the occurrence and development of cigarette aphid need to be carried out necessary anti- Control.Aphidius gifuensis is one of the most common type parasitic wasp in tobacco field, is specially parasitized in aphid body, the natural prevention and control to host aphid Ability is stronger, thus in terms of the biological control of tobacco insect pest with good application prospect.However, in the Prevention Technique application Before, the commercialization of aphidius gifuensis for kind be " two generation kind bees ", be usually taken tripping mode send to tobacco field produce it is big The numerous bee point of area.Production " two generation kind bees " requires to carry out processes such as " sowing-nursery-is transplanted-connect aphid " again every time, not only work Work amount is big, the period is long, and needs to find suitable kind of bee i.e. " stiff aphid ", perhaps carries out " stiff aphid " refrigeration conservation or shifts to an earlier date The mode of seeding and seedling raising, with guarantee " offer is inoculated at bee " winter conservation work, to be conducive to the expanding propagation of next year.It is based on This, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of save space, low cost, the aphidius gifuensis of economical and efficient is for kind of a method, to ensure kind of a bee Under the premise of quality, nursery place is saved, saves " sowing-nursery-transplanting " link and its labour cost, is tobacco planting enterprise And this upgrading synergy drops in peasant household.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of save space, low cost, the aphidius gifuensis of economical and efficient for kind of a method.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the save space, low cost, the aphidius gifuensis of economical and efficient for kind of a side Method includes host's processing, host's management, an offer kind bee, new host is cultivated again and new host conservation process, is specifically included:
A, host is handled: in the annual time in midsummer, the top 1/2 for being used to breed host's cigarette strain of two generation kind aphids being intercepted For providing kind of an aphid, remaining lower part 1/2 is continued to employ as the spare host for providing kind of bee.
B, host manages: 3 ~ 4 days after intercepting process, host's cigarette strain lower part grows luxuriant cigarette wooden fork, only leaves 2 ~ 3 Healthy and strong cigarette wooden fork is needed to cigarette strain by 3 ~ 4kg/ mus of Nitrogen Top Dressings of purity nitrogen dosage during this.
C, kind of a bee is provided: cigarette wooden fork leave and take after 4 ~ 5 days, cover with cigarette aphid on the tobacco leaf and cigarette wooden fork of host's cigarette strain, during this into Row is inoculated at bee, 12 ~ 15 days total from 1/2 offers kind aphid in interception host's cigarette strain to kind of bee is provided, can whole strain cut down and mention For kind of a bee.
D, new host is cultivated again: while whole strain cuts down and provides kind of bee, retain within 5% healthy and strong cigarette strain as new host, Only retain stem, needs still to press 3 ~ 4kg/ mus of Nitrogen Top Dressings of purity nitrogen dosage to cigarette strain, often there are kind of aphid and the i.e. stiff aphid of kind bee on stem Plant weight newly cultivates 2 ~ 3 new cigarette wooden forks.
E, new host conservation: in the time annual last month of summer to midautumn or the time last month of summer to the first month of winter, according to conventional tube maintaining method The vigorous growth for keeping cigarette wooden fork in new host cigarette strain makes the breeding synchronous with kind bee realization of kind of aphid, can be stiff aphid by kind of aphid and kind bee Retain to winter, can be realized and docked with the large-scale breeding of time first month of spring late autumn aphid parasite.
Aphidius gifuensis of the present invention is compared with existing for kind of a method for kind of method, is not only able to " sow-educate under saving The repetition process and corresponding labour cost of seedling-transplanting ", moreover it is possible to save the management of nursery place for example common hut and greenhouse Operating cost improves the utilization rate of host's cigarette strain while ensuring kind of bee quality.It is a kind of save space, low cost, economy Efficiently for kind of a method, application value with higher.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below, but the present invention is limited in any way, based on the present invention It is any made by introduction to transform or replace, it all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Save space of the present invention, low cost, the aphidius gifuensis of economical and efficient includes host's processing, host for kind of a method Management, an offer kind bee, new host is cultivated again and new host conservation process, specifically includes:
Host's treatment process refers to: in the annual time in midsummer, will be used to breed host's cigarette strain of two generation kind aphids The interception of top 1/2 is continued to employ for providing kind of an aphid, remaining lower part 1/2 as the spare host for providing kind of bee.
The host manages process and refers to: 3 ~ 4 days after intercepting process, host's cigarette strain lower part grows luxuriant cigarette wooden fork, 2 ~ 3 healthy and strong cigarette wooden forks are only left, are needed to cigarette strain by 3 ~ 4kg/ mus of Nitrogen Top Dressings of purity nitrogen dosage during this.
The offer is planted bee process and referred to: cigarette wooden fork is left and taken 4 ~ 5 days afterwards, covers with cigarette on the tobacco leaf and cigarette wooden fork of host's cigarette strain Aphid be inoculated at bee during this, amounts to 12 ~ 15 days from 1/2 offers kind aphid in interception host's cigarette strain to kind of bee is provided Whole strain felling provides kind of a bee.
The new host is cultivated process again and is referred to: while whole strain cuts down and provides kind bee, retaining healthy and strong cigarette strain within 5% As new host, only retain stem, needs still to press 3 ~ 4kg/ mus of purity nitrogen dosage to cigarette strain there are kind of aphid and the i.e. stiff aphid of kind bee on stem Nitrogen Top Dressing, every plant weight newly cultivate 2 ~ 3 new cigarette wooden forks.
The new host conservation process refers to: in the time annual last month of summer to midautumn or the time last month of summer to the first month of winter, according to normal Regulate maintaining method keep new host cigarette strain on cigarette wooden fork vigorous growth, make kind of aphid and kind bee realizations it is synchronous breed, can by kind of aphid with Kind bee is that stiff aphid retained to winter, can be realized and is docked with the large-scale breeding of time first month of spring late autumn aphid parasite.
Time in midsummer described in host's treatment process refers to mid-June to the last ten-days period.
Host's cigarette strain described in host's treatment process refers to the cigarette strain close to the strain state in squaring period.Host's cigarette strain is Refer to routinely any one of lower cultivation, potting or soilless cultivation.
The quantity of offer kind aphid described in host's treatment process is 2000 ~ 4000 heads/plant.
Host manages process and new host cultivates nitrogenous fertilizer described in process again and can be amidonitrogen, nitre ammonium nitrogen or ammonium nitrogen Any one or more of;The nitrogenous fertilizer impose can using be watered pour apply, cyclic annular dry application or pour is granted during dry application combines It is any.
There is provided every plant of host's cigarette strain described in kind of bee process has 8 ~ 10, tobacco leaf, cigarette wooden fork 2 ~ 3.
The cigarette aphid quantity for providing host's cigarette strain before carrying out being inoculated at bee described in kind of bee process is 3000 ~ 4000 heads/plant.
It carries out referring at bee inoculation described in offer kind bee process and directly puts into bee, rather than stiff aphid piece.It is described to put into bee quantity It is 1:300 ~ 600 with cigarette aphid ratio.
There is provided and providing the quantity of kind of bee described in kind of bee process is 6000 ~ 8000 heads/plant.
It is 5 ~ 20 heads/plant that new host cultivates the kind aphid quantity on new host stem described in process again, and stiff aphid quantity is 5 ~ 20 Head/plant.
Late autumn described in new host conservation process refers to vernal crop diversity, in barley, wheat or corn including autumn plantation It is any one or several.
Embodiment 1
Annual mid-June to the last ten-days period, it will be used to breed the host of the strain state close to squaring period of two generation kind aphids The interception of cigarette strain top 1/2 is for providing kind of an aphid, and the quantity that aphid is planted during this is 2000 ~ 4000 heads/plant, remaining 1/2 conduct of lower part The spare host for providing kind of bee continues to employ.4 days after intercepting process, host's cigarette strain lower part grows luxuriant cigarette wooden fork, only leaves 2 ~ 3 The cigarette wooden fork of a stalwartness need to impose amidonitrogen to cigarette strain by 3kg/ mus of purity nitrogen dosage to be watered to pour to excute a law during this.Cigarette wooden fork is left and taken 4 days afterwards, cigarette aphid is covered on the tobacco leaf and cigarette wooden fork of host's cigarette strain, be inoculated at bee during this, is directly put into host's cigarette before bee The cigarette aphid quantity of strain is 3000 ~ 4000 heads/plant, puts into bee quantity and cigarette aphid ratio is 1:300.From 1/2 in interception host's cigarette strain It is 13 days total to kind of bee is provided to provide kind of aphid, can whole strain felling kind of a bee is provided, kind of bee quantity is 6000 ~ 8000 heads/plant.
While whole strain cuts down and provides kind of bee, retains 4% healthy and strong cigarette strain as new host, only retain stem, new host Kind aphid quantity on cigarette strain stem is 5 ~ 20 heads/plant, and stiff aphid quantity is 5 ~ 20 heads/plant, need to be excuted a law with being watered to pour by pure during this 3.5kg/ mus of nitrogen consumption impose amidonitrogen to cigarette strain, and every plant weight newly cultivates 2 ~ 3 new cigarette wooden forks.When the annual last month of summer to the midautumn Section or the time last month of summer to the first month of winter keep the vigorous growth of cigarette wooden fork in new host cigarette strain according to conventional tube maintaining method, make kind of aphid and kind Bee realizes synchronous breeding, can be that stiff aphid retained to winter by kind of aphid and kind bee, can be realized and time first month of spring late autumn aphid parasite Large-scale breeding is docked.
Embodiment 2
Annual mid-June to the last ten-days period, it will be used to breed the host of the strain state close to squaring period of two generation kind aphids The interception of cigarette strain top 1/2 is for providing kind of an aphid, and the quantity that aphid is planted during this is 2000 ~ 4000 heads/plant, remaining 1/2 conduct of lower part The spare host for providing kind of bee continues to employ.3 days after intercepting process, host's cigarette strain lower part grows luxuriant cigarette wooden fork, only leaves 2 ~ 3 The cigarette wooden fork of a stalwartness need to impose nitre ammonium nitrogen to cigarette strain by 4kg/ mus of purity nitrogen dosage with cyclic annular dry application method during this.Cigarette wooden fork is left and taken 5 days afterwards, cigarette aphid is covered on the tobacco leaf and cigarette wooden fork of host's cigarette strain, be inoculated at bee during this, is directly put into host's cigarette before bee The cigarette aphid quantity of strain is 3000 ~ 4000 heads/plant, puts into bee quantity and cigarette aphid ratio is 1:600.From 1/2 in interception host's cigarette strain It is 12 days total to kind of bee is provided to provide kind of aphid, can whole strain felling kind of a bee is provided, kind of bee quantity is 6000 ~ 8000 heads/plant.
While whole strain cuts down and provides kind of bee, retains 3% healthy and strong cigarette strain as new host, only retain stem, new host Kind aphid quantity on cigarette strain stem is 5 ~ 20 heads/plant, and stiff aphid quantity is 5 ~ 20 heads/plant, need to be with cyclic annular dry application method by pure during this 4kg/ mus of nitrogen consumption impose nitre ammonium nitrogen to cigarette strain, and every plant weight newly cultivates 2 ~ 3 new cigarette wooden forks.In the time annual last month of summer to midautumn Or the time last month of summer to the first month of winter, the vigorous growth of cigarette wooden fork in new host cigarette strain is kept according to conventional tube maintaining method, makes kind of aphid and kind bee It realizes synchronous breeding, can be that stiff aphid retained to winter by kind of aphid and kind bee, can be realized big with time first month of spring late autumn aphid parasite Large-scaled propugation is docked.
Embodiment 3
Annual mid-June to the last ten-days period, it will be used to breed the host of the strain state close to squaring period of two generation kind aphids The interception of cigarette strain top 1/2 is for providing kind of an aphid, and the quantity that aphid is planted during this is 2000 ~ 4000 heads/plant, remaining 1/2 conduct of lower part The spare host for providing kind of bee continues to employ.4 days after intercepting process, host's cigarette strain lower part grows luxuriant cigarette wooden fork, only leaves 2 ~ 3 The cigarette wooden fork of a stalwartness need to be aided with cyclic annular wet-dry change and impose ammonium state to cigarette strain by 3.5kg/ mus of purity nitrogen dosage during this to be watered to pour to apply Nitrogen.Cigarette wooden fork leave and take after 5 days, cover with cigarette aphid on the tobacco leaf and cigarette wooden fork of host's cigarette strain, be inoculated at bee during this, directly put into The cigarette aphid quantity of host's cigarette strain is 3000 ~ 4000 heads/plant before bee, puts into bee quantity and cigarette aphid ratio is 1:400.From interception host's cigarette Strain upper 1/2 offers kind aphid is 15 days total to kind of bee is provided, can whole strain felling a kind bee is provided, kind of bee quantity for 6000 ~ 8000 heads/plant.
While whole strain cuts down and provides kind of bee, retains 3% healthy and strong cigarette strain as new host, only retain stem, new host Kind aphid quantity on cigarette strain stem is 5 ~ 20 heads/plant, and stiff aphid quantity is 5 ~ 20 heads/plant, need to be aided with ring to be watered to pour to apply during this Shape wet-dry change imposes ammonium nitrogen to cigarette strain by 4kg/ mus of purity nitrogen dosage, and every plant weight newly cultivates 2 ~ 3 new cigarette wooden forks.In the annual last month of summer To time midautumn or the time last month of summer to the first month of winter, the vigorous growth of cigarette wooden fork in new host cigarette strain is kept according to conventional tube maintaining method, is made Kind of aphid and the i.e. stiff aphid of kind bee can be retained to winter, be can be realized and the late autumn time first month of spring by the breeding synchronous with kind bee realization of kind aphid The large-scale breeding of aphid parasite is docked.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of save space, low cost, the aphidius gifuensis of economical and efficient for kind of a method, it is characterised in that including host's processing, Host's management, an offer kind bee, new host is cultivated again and new host conservation process, specifically includes:
A, host is handled: in the annual time in midsummer, the top 1/2 for being used to breed host's cigarette strain of two generation kind aphids interception being used for Kind of an aphid is provided, remaining lower part 1/2 is continued to employ as the spare host for providing kind of bee;
B, host manages: 3 ~ 4 days after intercepting process, host's cigarette strain lower part grows luxuriant cigarette wooden fork, only leaves 2 ~ 3 stalwartnesses Cigarette wooden fork, need to cigarette strain by 3 ~ 4kg/ mus of Nitrogen Top Dressings of purity nitrogen dosage during this;
C, kind of a bee is provided: cigarette wooden fork leave and take after 4 ~ 5 days, cover with cigarette aphid on the tobacco leaf and cigarette wooden fork of host's cigarette strain, carry out during this at Bee inoculation, it is 12 ~ 15 days total to kind of bee is provided from 1/2 offer kind aphid in interception host's cigarette strain, it can whole strain felling offer kind Bee;
D, new host is cultivated again: while whole strain cuts down and provides kind bee, being retained healthy and strong cigarette strain within 5% and is only protected as new host Stem is stayed, needs still to press 3 ~ 4kg/ mus of Nitrogen Top Dressings of purity nitrogen dosage, every plant weight to cigarette strain there are kind of aphid and the i.e. stiff aphid of kind bee on stem Newly cultivate 2 ~ 3 new cigarette wooden forks;
E, it new host conservation: in the time annual last month of summer to midautumn or the time last month of summer to the first month of winter, is kept according to conventional tube maintaining method The vigorous growth of cigarette wooden fork in new host cigarette strain, make kind of aphid with kind bee realizations it is synchronous breeding, will kind aphid and kind bee i.e. deadlock aphid retain to Winter can be realized and be docked with the large-scale breeding of time first month of spring late autumn aphid parasite, and the late autumn refers to vernal crop diversity, packet Include any one or more of barley, wheat or the corn of autumn plantation.
2. according to claim 1 for kind of a method, it is characterised in that host's cigarette strain described in process A referred to close to squaring period The cigarette strain of strain state;Host's cigarette strain refers to routinely any one of lower cultivation, potting or soilless cultivation.
3. according to claim 1 for kind of a method, it is characterised in that the quantity of offer kind of aphid described in process A is 2000 ~ 4000 heads/plant.
4. according to claim 1 for kind of a method, it is characterised in that nitrogenous fertilizer described in process B and D is amidonitrogen, ammonium nitrate state Any one or more of nitrogen or ammonium nitrogen;Imposing for the nitrogenous fertilizer is applied, cyclic annular dry application or pours and grant dry application knot using being watered to pour Any one of close.
5. according to claim 1 for kind of a method, it is characterised in that every plant of host's cigarette strain described in process C has tobacco leaf 8 ~ 10 Piece, cigarette wooden fork 2 ~ 3.
6. according to claim 1 for kind of a method, it is characterised in that host's cigarette strain before progress described in process C is inoculated at bee Cigarette aphid quantity is 3000 ~ 4000 heads/plant.
7. according to claim 1 for kind of a method, it is characterised in that progress described in process C refers at bee inoculation directly puts into Bee, rather than stiff aphid piece.
8. according to claim 7 for kind of a method, it is characterised in that progress described in process C is inoculated at bee, puts into bee quantity It is 1:300 ~ 600 with cigarette aphid ratio.
9. according to claim 1 for kind of a method, it is characterised in that the kind aphid quantity on new host stem described in step D is 5 ~ 20 heads/plant, stiff aphid quantity is 5 ~ 20 heads/plant.
CN201610636238.2A 2016-08-05 2016-08-05 A kind of save space, low cost, the aphidius gifuensis of economical and efficient for kind of a method Active CN106234312B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107372372B (en) * 2017-09-08 2020-09-08 云南省烟草公司红河州公司 Method for reproducing myzus persicae and aphidius gifuensis by regenerating tobacco plants

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