CN104381087A - Frameless cultivation method of grape - Google Patents
Frameless cultivation method of grape Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104381087A CN104381087A CN201410759282.3A CN201410759282A CN104381087A CN 104381087 A CN104381087 A CN 104381087A CN 201410759282 A CN201410759282 A CN 201410759282A CN 104381087 A CN104381087 A CN 104381087A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fruit
- grape
- fertilizer
- cultivation
- disease
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 title description 32
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000181025 Rosa gallica Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000000533 Rosa gallica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000004569 Blindness Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 101100460844 Mus musculus Nr2f6 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000016571 aggressive behavior Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000225 lethality Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002547 new drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002746 orthostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000001508 sulfur Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009392 Vitis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035613 defoliation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002532 grape seed extract Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007115 recruitment Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a frameless cultivation method of a grape and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation. The frameless cultivation of the grape is realized by variety selection, garden construction, rational close planting, scientific reshaping, nutrient and water management, flower and fruit management and disease and pest control. The method is applicable to large field planting, as well as sight-seeing garden and courtyard planting, can increase the yield by 10-20%, saves management labor by 50% in summer, can resist Level 8-10 wind, and is high in yielding ability, the yield per mu can be up to 1000kg for the mature garden, the early investment is low, highly intensive cultivation can be achieved, and a land utilization rate is saved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fruit tree cultivation, specifically a kind of grape without frame cultivation method.
Background technology
Grape, Vitis defoliation liana, slaps lobate, and 3 ~ 5 lack and split, and compound raceme, usually conically, berry mostly is circular or oval, and color and luster is different with kind.The mankind just start to cultivate this planting fruit-trees a long time ago, almost account for 1/4th of whole world fruits output; Its nutritive value is very high, can be made into must, raisins and wine.Grain is large, skin depth, juice are few, high-quality, skin and flesh difficulty is separated, the vitis vinifera of storage tolerance is also called grape.
Grape generally adopts pony set or T-shaped hedge frame to go alone the climing shaping of few master.Posture is overhead higher, is convenient to ventilation and penetrating light, reduces disease and terrestrial surface radiation to leaf, the burning of fruit.But built can increase planting cost and labour intensity, and field management is loaded down with trivial details, and pruning rate is very large.
Consult prior art, existing method of cultivating without frame about grape, set in brickwork grape cultivation method is not needed as Chinese patent CN102907291B discloses one, this invention is by building garden, field planting, pruning, rich water quality management, flower and fruit management, the extermination of disease and insect pest 6 steps, realize the object that grape is cultivated without frame, but the plant spacing of this invention is unreasonable, shaping and trimming method is science not, cause orchard to become age slow, yield poorly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for prior art exist defect, provide a kind of grape without frame cultivation method.
For achieving the above object, the concrete technical scheme of the present invention's employing is as follows:
(1) Fruit variety: select that internode is short, branches and tendrils are hard, orthostatic strong, sublateral shoot grows small and weak kind, as white plumage, Ba meter Te, red rose, Ke Weidingka grape;
(2) build garden: make high furrow, furrow width 25cm according to the specification trench digging of wide 5m, north and south furrow are slightly arching to, furrow face, plant to field planting, digs the strip field planting ditch of dark 85cm, wide 1.2m in the central longitudinal of furrow before field planting.
(3) rational close planting: adopt high-density planting, seeding row spacing presses 2 ~ 2.5 × 1 meter, every 667m
2plant 267 ~ 333.Be planted in the winter, carry out in season in spring two, use sufficient base manure before cultivation, fill with sufficient water, around mulching straw or black thin film moisturizing;
(4) science shaping: near nursery stock other insert more than a diameter 2cm, high 1.2 to 1.5m " little pillar ", allow grape young sprout grow along pillar.Pinching when young sprout grows to 60cm height, with overstriking trunk grow, sublateral shoot is wiped out by winter.If branches and tendrils appear in base portion, respectively stay a complicated and confused press strip in the ranks to the left and right, be unearthed apart from main climing 40cm place, tie up at the high 50 ~ 70cm place of trunk, to prevent from the ranks lodging, all the other are all erased.Trunk branch Second Year stays three young sprouts after germinateing, above the horizontal bondage tractive of the adjacent strain in both sides and left and right, to prevent from lodging between strain, cultivation interim findings position simultaneously.Top young sprout continues vertical-growth, pinches, be strapped on little pillar when growing to 60cm height.3rd year, cultivate the permanent setting fruit position in upper strata by the mode of Second Year.Within 4th year, in upper strata setting fruit position cultivation results branch group, and wipe out lower floor's setting fruit position.A female branch is stayed at cultivation results branch group 20cm place, interval on level master is climing, every female branch stays two young sprouts, and young sprout allows result, interim findings position overhead 60cm, permanent setting fruit position overhead 120cm, young sprout and fruit ear give free rein to sagging, in order to replace summer pruning and pinching, its leaf area are increased, photosynthesis strengthens, nutrient accumulation increases, and is conducive to flower bud differentiation, to improve output.After 1 year, during the thick 4 ~ 5cm of trunk stem, remove little pillar, naturally can become frame.
(5) rich water quality management:
Use sufficient base manure: use sufficient base manure before field planting, method is in the root system areal concentration leaving trunk 50 ~ 80cm, digs the bar ditch of wide, dark each 60cm, every 667m
2apply the muck 5000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, phosphate fertilizer 100 ~ 150kg.Notice during fertilising that raw mellow soil exchanges, the immature soil is inserted bottom of trench and fertilizer is mixed thoroughly, backfill soil 10 ~ 15cm above ground level;
Diligent spraying fertilizer: the season of growth topdresses 3 times, 1st rudiment fertilizer is used for 10 days before spending, every 667m2 executed Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 15 ~ 20kg, the livestock and poultry muck 1500kg that 2nd fruit-promoting fertilizer is executed to become thoroughly decomposed at young fruit the 1st every 667m2 of expanding stage, mixing Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 15 ~ 20kg, potassium sulfate 10 ~ 15kg, be applied in for 3rd time to thank and spend rear 3 ~ 5 days every 667m2 sealing fertilizer 4 ~ 8kg and potassium sulfate 10 ~ 20kg, shallow plowing is buried;
Executing foliage fertilizer: use foliage fertilizer in time, adding urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, photosynthetic micro-fertilizer when spraying medicine, promote plant strain growth, ensure that tree body is healthy and strong, promote flower bud differentiation;
Rationally water, in time draining: after grape seedlings field planting, note often watering, if sky is without rain after fertilising, also should water in time, plum rain season rainwater is too many, note timely draining, high temperature and drought at the beginning of autumn late summer, note watering in time;
(6) flower and fruit management: arrange flower Honoka and start to arrange colored fringe the last week, restriction number of flowers, reduces the effective consumption of nutrient, improve fruit-setting rate, remove secondary fringe, dredge and remove fringe to take on following small ear 2 to save ~ 6 joints, bounce back long small ear, cut off fringe point, stay spike length degree to be less than 12cm, fringe degree is less than 10cm, after thin tassel blossom is beared fruit, remove bad, the irregular fruit ear of fringe shape of bearing fruit, stay 1 fringe fruit as standard using 2 young sprouts, stay during fruit ear and stay the first fruit ear;
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest:
Winter clear garden: invalid leaf, branch, the fruit ear of the grape that makes a clean sweep of after entering the winter, before germinateing, spray 3 ~ 5 degree of lime sulfurs add 200 times of penta sodium pentachlorophenates and prevent disease;
Suit the remedy to the case: according to the damage symptom of various damage by disease and insect on grape branch, leaf, fruit, see clearly it is disease and insect pest, Symptomatic medicine, can avoid the blindness of preventing and controlling;
Prevent and treat early: the pests occurrence rule of the accurate various damage by disease and insect of prediction, carry out spray medicine (containing a phase after the First aggression phase of grape disease and rain is optimum control period) in the most sensitive periods of damage by disease and insect to agricultural chemicals;
Grape growth should use broad-spectrum high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticide control early stage, the new drug control that the middle and later periods should use high-efficiency low-toxicity lethality strong, sprays microbial inoculum after rain, fine day spray protectant.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by artificial measure, make grape vertical growth as apple tree of overgrowing, be applicable to field planting, sightseeing type garden and garden planting, output 10% ~ 20% can be improved, save summer management recruitment 50%, can resist 8 ~ 10 grades of strong wind, yielding ability is strong, the per mu yield of Cheng Ling garden can up to 1000kg, early investment is low, can height intensive cultivating, Economization on land availability.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: red rose grape is cultivated without frame
(1) Fruit variety: select that internode is short, branches and tendrils are hard, orthostatic strong, sublateral shoot grows small and weak red rose grape;
(2) build garden: make high furrow, furrow width 25cm according to the specification trench digging of wide 5m, north and south furrow are slightly arching to, furrow face, plant to field planting, digs the strip field planting ditch of dark 85cm, wide 1.2m in the central longitudinal of furrow before field planting.
(3) rational close planting: adopt high-density planting, seeding row spacing presses 2 ~ 2.5 × 1 meter, every 667m
2267 ~ 333.Be planted in and carry out spring in February, before cultivation, use sufficient base manure, fill with sufficient water, around mulching straw or black thin film moisturizing;
(4) science shaping: near nursery stock other insert more than a diameter 2cm, high 1.2 to 1.5m " little pillar ", allow grape young sprout grow along pillar.Pinching when young sprout grows to 60cm height, with overstriking trunk grow, sublateral shoot is wiped out by winter.If branches and tendrils appear in base portion, respectively stay a complicated and confused press strip in the ranks to the left and right, be unearthed apart from main climing 40cm place, tie up at the high 50 ~ 70cm place of trunk, to prevent from the ranks lodging, all the other are all erased.Trunk branch Second Year stays three young sprouts after germinateing, above the horizontal bondage tractive of the adjacent strain in both sides and left and right, to prevent from lodging between strain, cultivation interim findings position simultaneously.Top young sprout continues vertical-growth, pinches, be strapped on little pillar when growing to 60cm height.3rd year, cultivate the permanent setting fruit position in upper strata by the mode of Second Year.Within 4th year, in upper strata setting fruit position cultivation results branch group, and wipe out lower floor's setting fruit position.A female branch is stayed at cultivation results branch group 20cm place, interval on level master is climing, every female branch stays two young sprouts, and young sprout allows result, interim findings position overhead 60cm, permanent setting fruit position overhead 120cm, young sprout and fruit ear give free rein to sagging, in order to replace summer pruning and pinching, its leaf area are increased, photosynthesis strengthens, nutrient accumulation increases, and is conducive to flower bud differentiation, to improve output.After 1 year, during the thick 4 ~ 5cm of trunk stem, remove little pillar, naturally can become frame.
(5) rich water quality management:
Use sufficient base manure: use sufficient base manure before field planting, method is in the root system areal concentration leaving trunk 50 ~ 80cm, digs the bar ditch of wide, dark each 60cm, every 667m
2apply the muck 5000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, phosphate fertilizer 100 ~ 150kg.Notice during fertilising that raw mellow soil exchanges, the immature soil is inserted bottom of trench and fertilizer is mixed thoroughly, backfill soil 10 ~ 15cm above ground level;
Diligent spraying fertilizer: the season of growth topdresses 3 times, the 1st rudiment fertilizer is used for 10 days before spending, every 667m
2executed Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 15 ~ 20kg, the 2nd fruit-promoting fertilizer is at young fruit the 1st every 667m of expanding stage
2execute the livestock and poultry muck 1500kg become thoroughly decomposed, mixing Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 15 ~ 20kg, potassium sulfate 10 ~ 15kg, be applied in for the 3rd time to thank and spend rear 3 ~ 5 days every 667m
2sealing fertilizer 4 ~ 8kg and potassium sulfate 10 ~ 20kg, shallow plowing is buried;
Executing foliage fertilizer: use foliage fertilizer in time, adding urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, photosynthetic micro-fertilizer when spraying medicine, promote plant strain growth, ensure that tree body is healthy and strong, promote flower bud differentiation;
Rationally water, in time draining: after grape seedlings field planting, note often watering, if sky is without rain after fertilising, also should water in time, plum rain season rainwater is too many, note timely draining, high temperature and drought at the beginning of autumn late summer, note watering in time;
(6) flower and fruit management: arrange flower Honoka and start to arrange colored fringe the last week, restriction number of flowers, reduces the effective consumption of nutrient, improve fruit-setting rate, remove secondary fringe, dredge and remove fringe to take on following small ear 2 to save ~ 6 joints, bounce back long small ear, cut off fringe point, stay spike length degree to be less than 12cm, fringe degree is less than 10cm, after thin tassel blossom is beared fruit, remove bad, the irregular fruit ear of fringe shape of bearing fruit, stay 1 fringe fruit as standard using 2 young sprouts, stay during fruit ear and stay the first fruit ear;
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest:
Winter clear garden: invalid leaf, branch, the fruit ear of the grape that makes a clean sweep of after entering the winter, before germinateing, spray 3 ~ 5 degree of lime sulfurs add 200 times of penta sodium pentachlorophenates and prevent disease;
Suit the remedy to the case: according to the damage symptom of various damage by disease and insect on grape branch, leaf, fruit, see clearly it is disease and insect pest, Symptomatic medicine, can avoid the blindness of preventing and controlling;
Prevent and treat early: the pests occurrence rule of the accurate various damage by disease and insect of prediction, carry out spray medicine (containing a phase after the First aggression phase of grape disease and rain is optimum control period) in the most sensitive periods of damage by disease and insect to agricultural chemicals;
Grape growth should use broad-spectrum high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticide control early stage, the new drug control that the middle and later periods should use high-efficiency low-toxicity lethality strong, sprays microbial inoculum after rain, fine day spray protectant.
Embodiment 2: implementation result
The red rose grape of cultivating with traditional built contrasts, and the red rose grape of cultivating without frame with embodiment 1 compares, and result is as following table:
The maturing stage of table 1 red rose grape two kinds of cultivation methods and output condition
As can be seen from the above table, more early, can propose listing the last week, single fruit weight obviously increases in maturing stage more traditional built cultivation that red rose grape is cultivated without frame, soluble solid content also comparatively built cultivation increase.
Claims (4)
1. grape without a frame cultivation method, it is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) Fruit variety: select that internode is short, branches and tendrils are hard, orthostatic strong, sublateral shoot grows small and weak kind, as white plumage, Ba meter Te, red rose, Ke Weidingka grape;
(2) build garden: make high furrow, furrow width 25cm according to the specification trench digging of wide 5m, north and south furrow are slightly arching to, furrow face, plant to field planting, digs the strip field planting ditch of dark 85cm, wide 1.2m in the central longitudinal of furrow before field planting.
(3) rational close planting: adopt high-density planting, seeding row spacing presses 2 ~ 2.5 × 1 meter, every 667m
2267 ~ 333.Be planted in the winter, carry out in season in spring two, use sufficient base manure before cultivation, fill with sufficient water, around mulching straw or black thin film moisturizing;
(4) science shaping: near nursery stock other insert more than a diameter 2cm, high 1.2 to 1.5m " little pillar ", allow grape young sprout grow along pillar.Pinching when young sprout grows to 60cm height, with overstriking trunk grow, sublateral shoot is wiped out by winter.If branches and tendrils appear in base portion, respectively stay a complicated and confused press strip in the ranks to the left and right, be unearthed apart from main climing 40cm place, tie up at the high 50 ~ 70cm place of trunk, to prevent from the ranks lodging, all the other are all erased.Trunk branch Second Year stays three young sprouts after germinateing, above the horizontal bondage tractive of the adjacent strain in both sides and left and right, to prevent from lodging between strain, cultivation interim findings position simultaneously.Top young sprout continues vertical-growth, pinches, be strapped on little pillar when growing to 60cm height.3rd year, cultivate the permanent setting fruit position in upper strata by the mode of Second Year.Within 4th year, in upper strata setting fruit position cultivation results branch group, and wipe out lower floor's setting fruit position.A female branch is stayed at cultivation results branch group 20cm place, interval on level master is climing, every female branch stays two young sprouts, and young sprout allows result, interim findings position overhead 60cm, permanent setting fruit position overhead 120cm, young sprout and fruit ear give free rein to sagging, in order to replace summer pruning and pinching, its leaf area are increased, photosynthesis strengthens, nutrient accumulation increases, and is conducive to flower bud differentiation, to improve output.After 1 year, during the thick 4 ~ 5cm of trunk stem, remove little pillar, naturally can become frame.
2. a kind of grape according to claim 1 without frame cultivation method, it is characterized in that, also comprise rich water quality management, described rich water quality management method is:
Use sufficient base manure: use sufficient base manure before field planting, method is in the root system areal concentration leaving trunk 50 ~ 80cm, digs the bar ditch of wide, dark each 60cm, every 667m
2apply the muck 5000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, phosphate fertilizer 100 ~ 150kg.Notice during fertilising that raw mellow soil exchanges, the immature soil is inserted bottom of trench and fertilizer is mixed thoroughly, backfill soil 10 ~ 15cm above ground level;
Diligent spraying fertilizer: the season of growth topdresses 3 times, the 1st rudiment fertilizer is used for 10 days before spending, every 667m
2executed Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 15 ~ 20kg, the livestock and poultry muck 1500kg that 2nd fruit-promoting fertilizer is executed to become thoroughly decomposed at young fruit the 1st every 667m2 of expanding stage, mixing Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 15 ~ 20kg, potassium sulfate 10 ~ 15kg, be applied in for 3rd time to thank and spend rear 3 ~ 5 days every 667m2 sealing fertilizer 4 ~ 8kg and potassium sulfate 10 ~ 20kg, shallow plowing is buried;
Executing foliage fertilizer: use foliage fertilizer in time, adding urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, photosynthetic micro-fertilizer when spraying medicine, promote plant strain growth, ensure that tree body is healthy and strong, promote flower bud differentiation;
Rationally water, in time draining: after grape seedlings field planting, note often watering, if sky is without rain after fertilising, also should water in time, plum rain season rainwater is too many, note timely draining, high temperature and drought at the beginning of autumn late summer, note watering in time.
3. a kind of grape according to claim 1 without frame cultivation method, it is characterized in that, also comprise flower and fruit management, the method of described flower and fruit management is: arrange flower Honoka and start to arrange colored fringe the last week, restriction number of flowers, reduce the effective consumption of nutrient, improve fruit-setting rate, remove secondary fringe, dredge and remove fringe to take on following small ear 2 to save ~ 6 joints, bounce back long small ear, cut off fringe point, spike length degree is stayed to be less than 12cm, fringe degree is less than 10cm, after thin tassel blossom is beared fruit, remove bear fruit bad, the irregular fruit ear of fringe shape, stay 1 fringe fruit as standard using 2 young sprouts, stay during fruit ear and stay the first fruit ear.
4. a kind of grape according to claim 1 without frame cultivation method, it is characterized in that, also comprise the extermination of disease and insect pest, described pest control method is:
Winter clear garden: invalid leaf, branch, the fruit ear of the grape that makes a clean sweep of after entering the winter, before germinateing, spray 3 ~ 5 degree of lime sulfurs add 200 times of penta sodium pentachlorophenates and prevent disease;
Suit the remedy to the case: according to the damage symptom of various damage by disease and insect on grape branch, leaf, fruit, see clearly it is disease and insect pest, Symptomatic medicine, can avoid the blindness of preventing and controlling;
Prevent and treat early: the pests occurrence rule of the accurate various damage by disease and insect of prediction, carry out spray medicine (containing a phase after the First aggression phase of grape disease and rain is optimum control period) in the most sensitive periods of damage by disease and insect to agricultural chemicals;
Grape growth should use broad-spectrum high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticide control early stage, the new drug control that the middle and later periods should use high-efficiency low-toxicity lethality strong, sprays microbial inoculum after rain, fine day spray protectant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410759282.3A CN104381087A (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2014-12-11 | Frameless cultivation method of grape |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410759282.3A CN104381087A (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2014-12-11 | Frameless cultivation method of grape |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104381087A true CN104381087A (en) | 2015-03-04 |
Family
ID=52599139
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410759282.3A Pending CN104381087A (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2014-12-11 | Frameless cultivation method of grape |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104381087A (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104871926A (en) * | 2015-06-14 | 2015-09-02 | 六安市裕南春蔬果种植专业合作社 | Grape planting method |
| CN105010081A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-11-04 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for culturing seedless shine-muscat |
| CN105110984A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-02 | 曲沃县杰俊绿色果蔬种植专业合作社 | Grape fertilizing method |
| CN105347879A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-02-24 | 郎溪县美蓝农业开发有限公司 | Fertilizing method for blueberry planting |
| CN105359926A (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2016-03-02 | 肖卷忠 | Planting method for grape |
| CN105594520A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-25 | 贵州红瑞祥农业发展有限公司 | Method for conducting comprehensive diseases and insect pest prevention and treatment on dark-purple grapes |
| CN105766540A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-07-20 | 郑耀玲 | Planting method of grape vines |
| CN106386379A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-02-15 | 山东省葡萄研究院 | Method for double-cropping efficient cultivation of north facility grapes |
| CN107439324A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-12-08 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of pear tree cultural method |
| CN107548872A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-09 | 镇江市丹徒区荣炳南岗山蔬菜专业合作社 | A kind of grape high aloft method for culturing seedlings |
| CN111670746A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-09-18 | 扬州大学 | A kind of grape column type cultivation frame and cultivation technique |
| CN112535058A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-23 | 西北农林科技大学 | Head-shaped shaping method for grape planting |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1265821A (en) * | 1999-03-09 | 2000-09-13 | 冯宝贵 | Cultivation method for making grape retain stable yield, and good quality |
| CN1887054A (en) * | 2006-06-06 | 2007-01-03 | 宋金铸 | Breeding and cultivating method for cold tolerant grape |
| CN102907291A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-06 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Viticulture method without needing frame building |
-
2014
- 2014-12-11 CN CN201410759282.3A patent/CN104381087A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1265821A (en) * | 1999-03-09 | 2000-09-13 | 冯宝贵 | Cultivation method for making grape retain stable yield, and good quality |
| CN1887054A (en) * | 2006-06-06 | 2007-01-03 | 宋金铸 | Breeding and cultivating method for cold tolerant grape |
| CN102907291A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-06 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Viticulture method without needing frame building |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 任秀芝: "葡萄无架栽培与高产管理", 《北京农业》 * |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105359926A (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2016-03-02 | 肖卷忠 | Planting method for grape |
| CN104871926A (en) * | 2015-06-14 | 2015-09-02 | 六安市裕南春蔬果种植专业合作社 | Grape planting method |
| CN105010081A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-11-04 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for culturing seedless shine-muscat |
| CN105110984B (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2019-02-12 | 曲沃县杰俊绿色果蔬种植专业合作社 | A method of fertilizing grapes |
| CN105110984A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-02 | 曲沃县杰俊绿色果蔬种植专业合作社 | Grape fertilizing method |
| CN105347879A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-02-24 | 郎溪县美蓝农业开发有限公司 | Fertilizing method for blueberry planting |
| CN105594520A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-25 | 贵州红瑞祥农业发展有限公司 | Method for conducting comprehensive diseases and insect pest prevention and treatment on dark-purple grapes |
| CN105766540A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-07-20 | 郑耀玲 | Planting method of grape vines |
| CN107548872A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-09 | 镇江市丹徒区荣炳南岗山蔬菜专业合作社 | A kind of grape high aloft method for culturing seedlings |
| CN106386379A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-02-15 | 山东省葡萄研究院 | Method for double-cropping efficient cultivation of north facility grapes |
| CN107439324A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-12-08 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of pear tree cultural method |
| CN111670746A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-09-18 | 扬州大学 | A kind of grape column type cultivation frame and cultivation technique |
| CN112535058A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-23 | 西北农林科技大学 | Head-shaped shaping method for grape planting |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104381087A (en) | Frameless cultivation method of grape | |
| CN102907291B (en) | Viticulture method without needing frame building | |
| CN103636454B (en) | Double-cropping cultivation method of grapes | |
| CN102047828B (en) | Method for planting guavas in greenhouse in north | |
| CN101695266A (en) | Method for managing grape culture | |
| CN102919011B (en) | Stock plant nutrition supply method for strawberry seedling breeding | |
| CN105638362A (en) | Cultivation method for interplanting cherry trees in tea garden | |
| CN105009910A (en) | High-quality labor-saving shaping cultivation method for peach tree | |
| CN103583295A (en) | Method for cultivating courtyard grapes | |
| CN104160902A (en) | Shiranuhi hybrid citrus out-of-season cultivation method | |
| CN102919028A (en) | Cultivation method for helping Zhanshan dates to bud early and ripe in advance | |
| CN105917945A (en) | Method for planting strawberries in greenhouse | |
| CN105165352A (en) | Tea planting method | |
| CN104798654B (en) | Greenhouse grape dense-planting and high-yield early maturing cultivating method | |
| CN103283554B (en) | Method for landscaping by utilizing sweet persimmon trees | |
| CN103960005A (en) | Planting method for organic tomatoes | |
| CN106993453A (en) | A kind of kiwi fruit tree high yield cultivating method | |
| CN103355069A (en) | Gold-Finger grape cultivation method | |
| CN105145232A (en) | Excellent and labor-saving train cultivation method for figs | |
| CN106358773B (en) | The tree-like breeding method of walnut " trunk type " | |
| CN106358970A (en) | Mountain land planting method of red grapes | |
| CN109076910A (en) | A kind of konjaku high yield cultivating method covering mulch | |
| CN105918089A (en) | Soilless planting method for organic strawberries | |
| CN105724165A (en) | Facility cultivation method suitable for kiwi fruit in protected area of cold region | |
| CN104969766A (en) | Method for planting strawberry |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20150304 |