JP2005130735A - Mushroom bed for breeding stag beetle larva, and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mushroom bed which is used for breeding stag beetle larvae, has the strong resistant forces of mushroom hyphae, even when contacting with various saprophytes, does not damage the mushroom hyphae, even when held at high temperature, and hardly generates the fruit bodies of the mushroom, and to provide a method for producing the same. <P>SOLUTION: (A) This mushroom bed for breeding the stag beetle larvae is characterized by growing the hyphae of an Agaricus mushroom in a culture medium consisting mainly of the saw dust of a broad leaf tree. (B) The method for producing the mushroom bed for breeding the stag beetle larvae is characterized by sequentially comprising the following processes (1) to (3). (1) A process for obtaining a mixture of a culture medium containing the saw dust of the broad leaf tree as a main raw material with one or more auxiliary materials selected from bran, wheat flour, bean curd lees, brewers grain, yeast extract, vitamins, amino acids, and the like. (2) A process for subjecting the mixture to a pressurized steam sterilization treatment in a heat-resistant container. (3) A process for inoculating and culturing the hyphae of the Agaricus mushroom. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  After the production (after mushroom hyphae growth), the mushroom mycelium has strong resistance to contact with various germs, and the mushroom hyphae are not damaged even when kept at a high temperature. The present invention relates to a fungus bed for raising stag beetle larvae that hardly occurs, and a method for producing the same.

Conventionally, stag beetle larvae have been used to inoculate and culture mushroom mycelium of oyster mushrooms, scallops, and moths in a medium mainly composed of hardwood sawdust.
JP2001-8579 JP-A-11-28036

However, the mycelium for stag beetle larvae using mushroom mycelium (hereinafter referred to as conventional mycelium) of the oyster mushroom family, xylem family, and Moegiaceae family used conventionally has the following drawbacks.
(A) Conventional mycelia have low resistance when they come into contact with various germs, and mushroom mycelia are often partially or completely killed.
(B) Even if a mycelium in which the benthic mushroom mycelium is well grown is obtained by inoculating and culturing the mycelium conventionally, if it is kept at a high temperature exceeding 30 ° C in summer, the mushroom mycelium will be damaged, The fungus bed will deteriorate. Therefore, it is difficult to store and transport at room temperature.
(C) Conventional mycelium tends to generate fruit bodies due to changes in temperature or humidity. When stag beetles are found in the fungus bed (culture medium) at the time of drought, they often fail to emerge and lose commercial value.
(D) In order to prevent the occurrence of fruiting bodies in the culture medium, in Patent Document 1, mononuclear mycelia are prepared and used from conventional mycelia, but this operation is very complicated and difficult to manage.

  In order to eliminate the above disadvantages, the inventor selected mushrooms that are highly resistant to invasion of germs and high temperatures, and that are unlikely to produce fruit bodies. As a result, the mycelium of the mushrooms of the genus Agaricus Knowing that all the drawbacks were eliminated, the present invention was completed.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and is constituted by the following claims 1 to 7.
Claim 1: A fungus bed for breeding stag beetles, characterized in that a mycelium of mushrooms belonging to the genus Agaricus is grown in a medium mainly composed of hardwood sawdust.
[2] The fungus bed for stag beetle larva breeding according to [1], wherein the mushroom belonging to the genus Agaricus is Kawariharatake.
[3] The fungus bed for raising larvae of stag beetles as described in [1] or [2], wherein the broad-leaved tree is geese, enoki, beech, oak, oak, shii, cherry or chestnut.
[4] A method for producing a fungus bed for stag beetle larva rearing, which comprises sequentially performing the following steps (1) to (3):
(1) A step of obtaining a mixture obtained by adding one or more auxiliary materials selected from bran, flour, okara, beer lees, yeast extracts, vitamins, amino acids, etc., to a medium mainly composed of hardwood sawdust (2) A step of filling the mixture in a heat-resistant container and sterilizing under pressure steam (3) A step of inoculating and inoculating hyphae of agaricus mushrooms Claim 5: The agaricus mushrooms are Kawariharatake Item 5. A method for producing a fungus bed for stag beetle larva breeding according to Item 4.
[6] The method for producing a stag beetle larva breeding bed according to [5], wherein the culture temperature is 20 to 29 ° C. and the culture period is 50 to 90 days.
[7] The method for producing a fungus bed for stag beetle larvae according to [5] or [6], wherein the heat-resistant container is made of glass or heat-resistant plastic.

  The reason why the present invention is configured as described above is that the mycelium for raising stag beetles larvae in which hyphae of mushrooms of the genus Agaricus, in particular, mycelia of Agaricus brazei, are grown instead of the conventional mycelia is compared with the conventional mycelium. This is because it is highly resistant to invasion of bacteria and high temperatures, can be stored at room temperature for a long time, and fruit bodies are unlikely to occur.

The mushroom mycelium of the genus Agaricus that grows on the larva rearing stag beetle of the present invention is more resistant to invasion of bacteria and high temperatures than conventional hyphae, and is less likely to produce fruiting bodies. Excellent effect is obtained.
(B) Since the stag beetle does not have the opportunity to live with the fruiting body at the time of its drought, it is possible to drastically reduce the emergence failure.
(B) Since the fungus bed is kept at a high temperature and does not deteriorate or deteriorate, it is not necessary to store the fungus bed (culture medium) in a refrigerator even at high temperatures in summer.
(C) The fungus bed does not deteriorate or deteriorate over a long period of time, and the effect as a bait lasts for a long period of time, so the frequency of bait exchange can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to prevent weight loss of stag beetles due to food exchange and to grow well.
(D) The technical effects (a) to (c) described above significantly reduce the production cost and the distribution cost of the stag beetle larvae breeding bed, and thus provide high-quality adult stag beetles at low cost. to enable.

In the present invention, it is preferable to use raw sawdust of hardwood (especially kunugi, enoki, beech, oak, chestnut, oak, shii, cherry).
The mycelium of the mushroom used in the present invention is a mycelium of a mushroom belonging to the genus Agaricus belonging to the family Agaricaceae.
As mycelium of the genus Agaricus, in addition to Agaricus brazei, agaricus bisporus and agaricus arvensis are widely used.
The stag beetle bred on the fungus bed of the present invention refers to an insect of the family Stag beetle (especially suitable for the growth of stag beetle, sawtooth stag beetle, stag beetle, stag beetle, etc. having good marketability).
As raw materials other than the broad-leaved tree (sawdust) of the culture medium (fungus bed) used in the present invention, flour, bran, okara, beer lees, yeast extract, amino acids, vitamins, inorganic salts and the like are used.
The culture medium (bacteria bed) used in the present invention is usually used by adding water to the medium raw material and adjusting the water content to 40 to 70% by weight.
Sterilization of the culture medium (bacteria bed) of the present invention is carried out with pressurized steam, and usually a condition for killing spores (Bacillus) of heat-resistant bacteria (for example, at 120 ° C. for 40 minutes) is employed.
The heat-resistant container filled with the culture medium (bacteria bed) of the present invention is preferably a glass container capable of observing the inside, but even when made of a heat-resistant plastic (for example, polypropylene), there is no problem.
In this invention, the temperature which inoculates a culture medium (mycelium bed) with the mycelium of the genus Agaricus genus is 15-30 degreeC, More preferably, it is 20-29 degreeC, The culture period is 20-100 days, More preferably Is 50-90 days.

The raw materials were mixed according to the following formulation.
Beech: Nara: Knugi = 1: 1: 1 sawdust (41% moisture) 50% by weight
Flour (moisture 14%) 4% by weight
5% by weight (11% moisture)
1% by weight of yeast extract
40% by weight of water
(TOTAL moisture) (61 wt%)

400 g of the mixture was put into a glass bottle with a capacity of 800 ml, a cap having air permeability was sterilized, and sterilized in an autoclave at 120 ° C. for 40 minutes to obtain 200 culture media for raising stag beetles. This culture medium was inoculated with the mycelium of Kawariharatake and cultured at 27 ° C. for 65 days.
The number of fungal beds in which the mycelium of Agaricus mushrooms spread in the 200 culture media was 199, and the success rate was extremely high.

A 100-bed mycelium infested with agaric mycelium prepared by the same method as in paragraphs 0009 and 0010 was subjected to a storage test at room temperature indoors for 120 days. There was no one. In addition, there was no mold and no fruiting body.
On the other hand, when 100 fungal beds infested with mycelia of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) obtained by the same method as in paragraphs 0009 and 0010 were stored under the same conditions, it was estimated that they had deteriorated in appearance. The number of cases that could be judged was 16; the number of molds was 1; and the number of fruiting bodies was 27.

A storage test was carried out at 40 ° C. for 30 days, in which 100 hyphae mushroom hyphae infested, prepared by the same method as in paragraphs 0009 and 0010, was found to have been visually determined to have deteriorated from appearance. There was no one, and mycelia of Kawariharatake was confirmed.
On the other hand, when 100 fungal beds in which the mycelium of the oyster mushrooms of the conventional mycelium obtained by the same method as the above paragraphs 0009 and 0010 were stored under the same conditions, it could be judged by visual observation that the appearance was deteriorated. There were 100 items.

In order to give a temperature shock, 100 bacterial beds infested with mycelia of Kawariharatake prepared by the same method as in paragraphs 0009 and 0010 are exposed to a low temperature of 5 ° C. for 24 hours and then kept at a normal temperature for 10 days. As a result of investigating immediately after the occurrence of a child entity, none of the child entities occurred.
On the other hand, when 100 fungal beds in which the mycelium of oyster mushrooms in the conventional hyphae obtained by the same method as in paragraphs 0009 and 0010 were stored under the same conditions, 42 fruit bodies were generated. there were.

According to the results of the above paragraphs 0010 to 0013, the stag beetle larvae breeding bed according to the present invention can be stored at room temperature, and does not need to be refrigerated even in the hot summer season, and no fruiting body is generated. I understand.

Larvae such as domestic stag beetle, sawtooth stag beetle, stag beetle, stag beetle, etc. were put into the fungus bed prepared in paragraphs 0009 and 0010, and an actual rearing test was performed.
As a result, the growth of larvae was extremely good even when the primary larvae were introduced into the fungus bed.

Except for using a glass bottle with a capacity of 1500 ml (filled with 750 g of culture medium), larvae such as Japanese stag beetle, sawtooth stag beetle, stag beetle, stag beetle, etc. When the actual rearing test was carried out, large individuals could emerge from the early larvae without exchanging food.

Claims (7)

A fungus bed for rearing larvae of stag beetles characterized by growing mushroom hyphae of Agaricus genus on a medium mainly composed of hardwood sawdust. The fungus bed for stag beetle larva rearing according to claim 1, wherein the mushroom of the genus Agaricus is Kawariharatake. The fungus for raising larvae of stag beetles according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the broad-leaved tree is geese, enoki, beech, oak, oak, shii, cherry, or chestnut. A method for producing a fungus bed for raising larvae of stag beetles characterized by sequentially performing the following steps (1) to (3):
(1) A step of obtaining a mixture obtained by adding one or more auxiliary materials selected from bran, flour, okara, beer lees, yeast extracts, vitamins, amino acids, etc., to a medium mainly composed of hardwood sawdust (2) Step of filling the mixture in a heat-resistant container and sterilizing under pressure steam (3) Step of inoculating and inoculating mycelia of mushrooms belonging to the genus Agaricus The method for producing a fungus bed for stag beetle larva breeding according to claim 4, wherein the mushroom of the genus Agaricus is Kawariharatake. The method for producing a fungus bed for stag beetle larva breeding according to claim 5, wherein the culture temperature is 20 to 29 ° C and the culture period is 50 to 90 days. The method for producing a stag beetle larva breeding bed according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the heat-resistant container is made of glass or heat-resistant plastic.