CN101455190B - Aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale propagation technique - Google Patents
Aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale propagation technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN101455190B CN101455190B CN2008101877956A CN200810187795A CN101455190B CN 101455190 B CN101455190 B CN 101455190B CN 2008101877956 A CN2008101877956 A CN 2008101877956A CN 200810187795 A CN200810187795 A CN 200810187795A CN 101455190 B CN101455190 B CN 101455190B
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Abstract
The present invention provides an aphidius gifuensis scale breeding technique, and belongs to the branch of technology of biological control of agricultural destructive insects for solving problems that the prior breeding technique of aphidius gifuensis is inefficiency and adj. industrialization is not liable to realize.The invention provides a aphidius gifuensis scale breeding technique and the embodiment scheme of the present invention comprises the following steps:(a) tobacco plant replanting: when growing to a resettling growth stage, the tobacco plants are replanted to a honeybee breeding booth;(b) myzus inoculation to tobacco plant: myzus is inoculated to the tobacco plant when the tobacco plant grows out 9-12 real leaves, and each tobacco plant is inoculated with 20-30 myzuses;(c) honeybee inoculation in parasitism: when myzuses are 2000-3000 per tobacco plant, artificial inoculation is performed, after 10-14 days, deadlocked myzuses are formed, and then after a week, the deadlocked myzuses will become aphidius gifuensis.By using the scale breeding technique of the present invention, each plant can obtain more than 8000 eadlocked myzuses, thus, the breeding cycle is shortened, and large-scale production can be performed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the biological control technical field of pest, particularly the scale propagation method of a kind of honeybee.
Background technology
It is reported thousands of kinds of the sick worm kinds of harm tobacco in the world wide, because the now existing sick worm of kind more than 600 of chronic administration chemical pesticide develops immunity to drugs, cause the chemical pesticide consumption increasing, a large amount of natural enemy insects are killed, the ecological balance is destroyed, less important disease rises to the main diseases insect pest, and the sick worm extent of injury is on the rise.The climatic environment condition that Yuxi is superior, the production of suitable sound tobacco, simultaneously also for damage by disease and insect provides hotbed, sick worm kind is more, and wherein the cigarette aphid is one of primary pest of harm flue-cured tobacco, and in 21 generations, took place in annual, do not have the diapause phenomenon of significantly surviving the winter.
For a long time, because causing harm of cigarette aphid influences the growth of cigarette strain normal growth and bring out " dark mildew ", directly influence the output and the quality of tobacco leaf; The cigarette aphid still is the biography poison media of multiple virus disease simultaneously, causes that multiple tobacco virus and worm pass the popular of tobacco diseases, causes the yield of tobacco quality to descend, and cured tobacco production has been caused very big loss.
To the control of cigarette aphid, method commonly used has cultural control, chemical control, physical control and protection to utilize natural enemy.But in the production real work, mainly still rely on chemical pesticide.Owing to produce to go up medication blindly, not only increase produce cost, kill and wound enemy, the cigarette aphid develops immunity to drugs, and seriously dyes the border, causes persticide residue increase in the tobacco leaf, has had a strong impact on the safety of tobacco leaf and smoker's health.The cigarette aphid is carried out biological control, is to avoid one of effective measures that produce the problems referred to above.
Aphidius gifuensis (Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead) is the important parasite of cigarette aphid, all generally takes place in each cigarette district of China.Obvious at the vega aphidius gifuensis to the natural control action of cigarette aphid, have the comparatively wide prospect of utilizing aspect the biological control of cigarette aphid.
Propagation technique to aphidius gifuensis only is in laboratory stage at present, and reproductive efficiency is low, year worm is measured less, be difficult for realization batch production commercialization produces.
Summary of the invention
The propagation technique efficient that has aphidius gifuensis now is low, year worm is measured less in order to solve, the difficult problem that realizes batch production, the invention provides aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale propagation technique, and its embodiment is as follows:
Aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale propagation technique may further comprise the steps:
(a), cigarette transplantation of seedlings: the cigarette seedling kind of selecting disease-resistant close aphid for use was sowed before connecing aphid in 90-80 days, was transplanted in numerous honeybee canopy during phase when the cigarette strain grows to group;
(b) the cigarette strain connects aphid: treat that carrying out the cigarette strain when cigarette strain grows 9-12 sheet true leaf connects aphid, every strain cigarette seedling connects cigarette aphid 20-30 head, is in temperature that 22 ± 5 ℃, humidity are 70%, breeding cigarette aphid 15-20 days under the natural lighting condition;
(c) connect the honeybee parasitism: when the cigarette aphid reaches 2000-3000 head/strain, manually connect honeybee, the aphidius gifuensis of promptly from honeybee kind preserving chamber, directly drawing mass mating become honeybee by the honeybee aphid than 1: 30-1: 50 put into canopy searching cigarette aphid parasitism, and temperature of shed is that 22 ± 5 ℃, humidity are 50%-80%; Connect behind the honeybee 10-14 days and form stiff aphid, stiff aphid promptly develops into aphidius gifuensis and becomes honeybee after a week.
Aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale propagation method of the present invention with tobacco as cigarette aphid host, the blade hypertrophy, smooth being convenient in blade face collected, every strain can be received more than 8000 of the stiff aphids of aphidius gifuensis, breeding cycle is short, utilize the technical parameters such as honeybee ratio, breeding time, temperature, humidity that connect provided by the invention, can carry out large-scale production, high-quality, breed aphidius gifuensis efficiently, in large quantity.
Following table is aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale propagation method breeding information slip of the present invention:
As priority scheme of the present invention, in the above-mentioned steps (b), when connecing aphid, the cigarette strain accomplishes: manually choose the aphid inoculation and select a big wingless aphid, choose preceding the thorn gently with writing brush earlier of aphid and hit aphid afterbody, behind the aphid picking, be connected on the back side of leaf base partially, blade middle part; Manually tear sheet and connect aphid,, tear to get and have the 5-6 head on the leaf and become aphid, be placed on the base portion in three leaf fronts, cigarette strain bottom respectively, promptly apart from cane 1/3 place as the subsidy measure; Connect behind the aphid 7 days, spray " carbendazim " and prevent that cigarette strain aphid from being infected by the aphid mould.
As a kind of priority scheme of the present invention, in the above-mentioned steps (a), numerous honeybee canopy is an aphidius gifuensis propagating and breeding booth, constitute by disjunctor frame and the canopy film that covers the frame periphery, comprise two domes, two sides and two end faces, long 50 meters, wide 12 meters of frame, 3 meters of shoulder heights, 4.6 meters of sagitta, 3 meters of the column spacings of frame, 6 meters of spans, 0.75 meter of spring base, vault is provided with three vertical poles; 4 cover film-coiling devices are arranged on the frame, wherein two covers are installed in the frame both sides, other two covers are installed in ceiling, the frame inner top is provided with 60 order sunshade nets, sunshade side off the net is useful on numerous honeybee chamber of propagating and breeding aphidius gifuensis, numerous honeybee chamber is made of numerous honeybee chamber framework and the fly net that covers the framework periphery, there are two rows numerous honeybee chamber, arrange along two sides in the frame respectively, the numerous honeybee of every row chamber has 17, wherein the numerous honeybee of row chamber is long 6 meters, wide 3 meters, high 1.8 meters, and another arranges long 4.5 meters, wide 3 meters, high 1.8 meters of numerous honeybee chamber, and the numerous honeybee of two rows stays 1.5 meters wide aisle between the chamber.
This propagating and breeding booth can be opened film-coiling device the canopy film is rolled a part in numerous honeybee process, interior air of canopy and outside air is spread, thereby regulate temp. and humidity in the canopy, creates to help the environment that aphidius gifuensis is grown up; This numerous honeybee canopy is big owing to the space simultaneously, volume is big, thereby can carry out scale, workshop propagating and breeding to aphidius gifuensis, cocoon honeybee reproduction rate height; This numerous honeybee canopy also helps numerous honeybee person and operates in canopy.
As another kind of priority scheme of the present invention, in the above-mentioned steps (a), numerous honeybee canopy is an aphidius gifuensis propagating and breeding booth, form by detachable frame and fly net, long 3 meters, wide 3 meters, high 2 meters of frame, there is draw-in groove the frame lower end, and fly net is fixed on the frame by the serpentine spring in the draw-in groove.
This propagating and breeding hut is quick detachable, good fluidity, cost are low, helps the flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops later stage to produce aphidius gifuensis and help and increase and the applying of the cigarette district propagating and breeding aphidius gifuensis technology of having inconvenient traffic.
Description of drawings
The schematic diagram that Fig. 1 is an aphidius gifuensis propagating and breeding booth for numerous honeybee canopy of adopting in the aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale propagation technique of the present invention;
The schematic diagram that Fig. 2 is an aphidius gifuensis propagating and breeding hut for numerous honeybee canopy of adopting in the aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale propagation technique of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the I partial enlarged drawing in the aphidius gifuensis propagating and breeding hut among Fig. 2.
Embodiment
Aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale propagation technique, its numerous honeybee canopy is an aphidius gifuensis propagating and breeding booth as shown in Figure 1, constitute by conjoined green house frame 1 and the canopy film 2 that covers greenhouse frame 1 periphery, comprise two domes, two sides and two end faces, 50 meters, wide 12 meters of greenhouse frame 1 length, 3 meters of shoulder heights, 4.6 meters of sagitta, 3 meters of column 9 spacings of greenhouse frame 1,6 meters of spans, 0.75 meter of spring base, vault is provided with three vertical poles 10; 4 cover film-coiling devices 8 are arranged on the greenhouse frame 1, wherein two covers are installed in greenhouse frame 1 both sides, other two covers are installed in greenhouse frame 1 outer top, greenhouse frame 1 inner top is provided with 60 order sunshade nets 5, sunshade net 5 belows are useful on numerous honeybee chamber 6 of propagating and breeding aphidius gifuensis, numerous honeybee chamber 6 is made of framework 3 and the fly net 4 that covers framework 3 peripheries, there are two rows numerous honeybee chamber 6, arrange along two sides in the greenhouse frame 1 respectively, the numerous honeybee of every row chamber 6 has 17, wherein the numerous honeybee of row chamber 6 length are 6 meters, wide 3 meters, high 1.8 meters, another arranges 4.5 meters of numerous honeybee chamber 6 length, wide 3 meters, high 1.8 meters, stay 1.5 meters wide aisle 7 between the numerous honeybee of the two rows chamber 6.
The above-mentioned aphidius gifuensis propagating and breeding of a kind of employing booth carries out the scale propagation technique, and its propagation steps is as follows:
(a), cigarette transplantation of seedlings: the cigarette seedling kind of selecting disease-resistant close aphid for use was sowed before connecing aphid in 90-80 days, was transplanted in numerous honeybee canopy during phase when the cigarette strain grows to group;
(b) the cigarette strain connects aphid: treat that carrying out the cigarette strain when cigarette strain grows 9-12 sheet true leaf connects aphid, every strain cigarette seedling connects cigarette aphid 20-30 head, is in temperature that 22 ± 5 ℃, humidity are 70%, breeding cigarette aphid 15-20 days under the natural lighting condition;
(c) connect the honeybee parasitism: when the cigarette aphid reaches 3000/strain, can from honeybee kind preserving chamber, directly draw into honeybee and put into the parasitic cigarette aphid of canopy.Keep temperature of shed this moment is 22 ± 5 ℃, humidity 50-80%; The stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis than big individuality of gathering from aphidius gifuensis honeybee kind preserving chamber is in vitro sprouted wings in advance, carried out mass mating 24 hours behind the rejecting hyperparasitism honeybee, the hydromel with 5% is food as a supplement; Or it is standby directly to draw into honeybee from honeybee kind preserving chamber; With the aphidius gifuensis of mass mating by the honeybee aphid than 1: 30-50 lets fly away and connects in the honeybee chamber, gives free rein to and seeks cigarette aphid parasitism; After connecing honeybee 2-3 days, aphidius gifuensis can reach more than 90% the parasitic rate of cigarette aphid, can form a large amount of stiff aphids through 8-10 days under 22 ± 5 ℃ of conditions, and stiff aphid promptly develops into aphidius gifuensis and becomes honeybee after a week.
Claims (4)
1. aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale propagation technique may further comprise the steps:
(a), cigarette transplantation of seedlings: the cigarette seedling kind of selecting disease-resistant close aphid for use was sowed before connecing aphid in 90-110 days, was transplanted in numerous honeybee canopy during phase when the cigarette strain grows to group;
(b) the cigarette strain connects aphid: treat that carrying out the cigarette strain when cigarette strain grows 9-12 sheet true leaf connects aphid, every strain cigarette seedling connects cigarette aphid 20-30 head, is in temperature that 22 ± 5 ℃, humidity are 70%, breeding cigarette aphid 15-20 days under the natural lighting condition;
(c) connect the honeybee parasitism: when the cigarette aphid reaches 2000-3000 head/strain, manually connect honeybee, the aphidius gifuensis of promptly from honeybee kind preserving chamber, directly drawing mass mating become honeybee by the honeybee aphid than 1: 30-1: 50 put into canopy searching cigarette aphid parasitism, and temperature of shed is that 22 ± 5 ℃, humidity are 50%-80%; Connect behind the honeybee 10-14 days and form stiff aphid, stiff aphid promptly develops into aphidius gifuensis and becomes honeybee after a week.
2. aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale propagation technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
In the described step (b), be main means manually to choose aphid inoculation when the cigarette strain connects aphid, manually tearing sheet, to connect aphid be supplementary means, manually choose the aphid inoculation and select a big wingless aphid, choose preceding the thorn gently with writing brush earlier of aphid and hit aphid afterbody, behind the aphid picking, be connected on the back side of leaf base partially, blade middle part; Manually tear sheet and connect aphid,, tear to get and have the 5-6 head on the leaf and become aphid, be placed on the base portion in three leaf fronts, cigarette strain bottom respectively, promptly apart from cane 1/3 place as the subsidy measure; Connect behind the aphid 7 days, spray " carbendazim " and prevent that cigarette strain aphid from being infected by the aphid mould.
3. aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale propagation technique according to claim 2 is characterized in that:
Numerous honeybee canopy in the described step (a) is an aphidius gifuensis propagating and breeding booth, by conjoined green house frame (1) and cover the peripheral canopy film (2) of greenhouse frame (1) and constitute, comprise two domes, two sides and two end faces, long 50 meters, wide 12 meters of greenhouse frame (1), 3 meters of shoulder heights, 4.6 meters of sagitta, 3 meters of column (9) spacings of greenhouse frame (1), 6 meters of spans, 0.75 meter of spring base, vault is provided with three vertical poles (10); 4 cover film-coiling devices (8) are arranged on the greenhouse frame (1), wherein two covers are installed in greenhouse frame (1) both sides, other two covers are installed in the outer top of greenhouse frame (1), greenhouse frame (1) inner top is provided with 60 order sunshade nets (5), sunshade net (5) below is useful on numerous honeybee chamber (6) of propagating and breeding aphidius gifuensis, numerous honeybee chamber (6) is by framework (3) and cover peripheral fly net (4) formation of framework (3), there are two rows numerous honeybee chamber (6), arrange along the interior two sides of greenhouse frame (1) respectively, the numerous honeybee of every row chamber (6) has 17, wherein row numerous honeybee chamber (6) is long 6 meters, wide 3 meters, high 1.8 meters, another arranges long 4.5 meters of numerous honeybee chamber (6), wide 3 meters, high 1.8 meters, stay 1.5 meters wide aisle (7) between two row numerous honeybee chambers (6).
4. aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale propagation technique according to claim 2 is characterized in that:
Numerous honeybee canopy in the described step (a) is an aphidius gifuensis propagating and breeding hut, form by detachable pony set (11) and fly net (12), long 3 meters, wide 3 meters, high 2 meters of pony set (11), pony set (11) lower end is equipped with draw-in groove (13), and fly net (12) is fixed on the pony set (11) by the serpentine spring (14) in the draw-in groove (13).
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| CN109907006B (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2021-07-20 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | Method for preserving aphidius gifuensis ashmead products |
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