CN103766289B - Method for improving breeding efficiency of encarsia formosa - Google Patents
Method for improving breeding efficiency of encarsia formosa Download PDFInfo
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- CN103766289B CN103766289B CN201410028805.7A CN201410028805A CN103766289B CN 103766289 B CN103766289 B CN 103766289B CN 201410028805 A CN201410028805 A CN 201410028805A CN 103766289 B CN103766289 B CN 103766289B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving breeding efficiency of encarsia formosa. When bemisia tabaci nymphs are bred by adopting a variable-temperature mode, the method disclosed by the invention has the following advantages: 1, individuals of bemisia tabaci nymphs of 2-3 instar are bigger than nymphs of the same instar in the prior art; 2, the survival rate of the nymphs and adults of the bemisia tabaci of all instars is improved, and the time, from egg development to the nymphs and the adults, of the bemisia tabaci is shortened; 3, service lives of the bemisia tabaci adults produced by breeding are longer than bemisia tabaci adults bred by adopting a conventional mode; the bemisia tabaci adults obtained by variable-temperature breeding are used for breeding next generation bemisia tabaci; the egg laying amount of females is higher than that of female bemisia tabaci adults bred by adopting the conventional mode, and the parasitism rate of the encarsia formosa to the bemisia tabaci nymphs is improved. According to the method disclosed by the invention, by shortening the breeding time of an encarsia formosa host, the breeding efficiency of the encarsia formosa is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of agriculture and forestry insect, be specifically related to the propagation method of the host-Bemisia tabaci of the Encarsia formosa used in the process of biological control agriculture and forestry injurious insect, and the propagation method of Encarsia formosa.
Background technology
Bemisia tabaci Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) has the wide and explosive feature of host range, causes serious harm, be one of primary pest of tobacco, and can propagate tobacco virus diversified economy crop, very large on cigarette quality impact.
Bemisia tabaci causes harm after tobacco, each composition transfer more complicated, but is that alcohols, ketone, aldehydes and Ester decline substantially, and alkanes substance raises, and total alkaloid content declines; Total nitrogen, the content of protein, potassium, reducing sugar and total reducing sugar rises, and presents certain relation with density.Vegetable alkaloid content declines, and illustrates that nicotine content declines, and reduce the strength of tobacco leaf, jealous flat, flue gas is pure not; Protein content rises, and cause quality of tobacco greatly to decline, because protein content is too high, during burning, tobacco leaf sends niff, and flammability is bad, makes smoking bitter and puckery flavor, pungent; Potassium content increases, and can strengthen the metabolic cycles of cigarette strain, is unfavorable for the accumulation of dry matter; Reducing sugar also obviously raises, and makes tobacco leaf jealous flat.Therefore, Bemisia tabaci cause harm after quality of tobacco obviously reduce.
Bemisia tabaci distribution is wide, polypide is little, Ji Zhuguang, biography strong toxicity, pesticide resistance strong, harm is heavy, is a kind of important pest.Following difficult point is existed on its control: (1) heavy dependence chemical agent destroys ecotope, affects the safety of tobacco leaf and soil environment; (2) rest on laboratory level to the biological control research of Bemisia tabaci, production is applied few (3) Long-Time Service chemical agent and the drug resistant gene of Bemisia tabaci and metabolic detoxification are strengthened, general chemical medicament is difficult to control more.As a kind of alien species, Yuxi Prefecture's Bemisia tabaci harm in recent years increases the weight of gradually, and growing vegetables increases especially in recent years, more which provides hibernacle, and population radix increases very fast, obviously has the trend of harm aggravation further.
At present, chemical insecticide is used to be the main method of preventing and treating Bemisia tabaci.The effective insecticide preventing and treating Bemisia tabaci mainly comprises conventional chemical pesticides fenpropathrin, Biphenthrin, 5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4, orthene etc., and the mixture be made up of pyrethroid and other insecticide; Anabasine insecticide Imidacloprid, Acetamiprid, Diacloden; Insect growth regulator, IGR Buprofezin and pyriproxyfen.When use of insecticide, pesticide application technology is very important.Common insecticides adopts foliage application effective in the adult stage; Imidacloprid adopts soil pesticide adult and low instar nymphs phase; Buprofezin uses at nymph, and pyriproxyfen used in the ovum phase, all adopted foliage-spray.
Bemisia tabaci has created resistance in various degree to multiple insecticide, and the Bemisia tabaci pesticide resistance especially in greenhouse is serious.Cultivating system and the pesticide resistance of medicament selection pressure to Bemisia tabaci be applied on pest population have material impact.
Therefore, there is many drawbacks in the control heavy dependence chemical control of Bemisia tabaci.One is cause environmental pollution and residue of pesticide.Two is develop immunity to drugs, and control efficiency declines, and cost accounting increases.Three is that the use of medicament is greatly affected by environment, and control efficiency is undesirable.Four is that using in a large number of chemical agent does not meet country and industry Strategic Demand.
Therefore, a very urgent job is applied in the research and extension of biological control.And biological control not only environmental friendliness, and effect is ideal, becomes Recent study focus.As: aphidius gifuensis control cigarette aphid research and extension application item achieves huge economy, society, ecological benefits.Large quantity research has been carried out in the domestic and international biological property to Encarsia formosa and business application.China started from 1978 successively to have carried out basic Ecology aspect research.Mainly comprise external environment and food factor to the impact of Encarsia formosa egg laying amount.The ontogeny of greenhouse Pest control efficacy and merchandized handling technology and Encarsia formosa and female repro ductive system etc.But prevent and treat in the process of Bemisia tabaci the obstacle existed in three carrying out Encarsia formosa: the host plant 1, lacking proper scaleization breeding Bemisia tabaci; 2, the technological process of Bemisia tabaci biological control is lacked, 3, lack perfect Encarsia formosa merchandized handling technology.The present invention, by lot of experiments, finds a kind of method improving Encarsia formosa reproductive efficiency, carries out indoor alternating temperature breed Bemisia tabaci, can meet the needs of indoor scale, efficient breeding Bemisia tabaci, and then improve Encarsia formosa reproductive efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of method improving Encarsia formosa reproductive efficiency, indoor are carried out to Bemisia tabaci and breeds, the needs of indoor scale, efficient breeding Bemisia tabaci can be met, and then improve Encarsia formosa reproductive efficiency.
Technical scheme taked to achieve the object of the present invention is as follows:
Improve a method for Encarsia formosa reproductive efficiency, it is characterized in that: the method includes the steps of: host plant is cultivated, Bemisia tabaci is inoculated, and Bemisia tabaci Nymph is bred, inoculation Encarsia formosa;
Described host plant is cultivated and comprises the following steps:
(1) select tobacco as Bemisia tabaci host;
(2) first with liquor potassic permanganate to disinfecting soil, in soil, then add nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium composite fertilizer, the weight ratio of the nitrogen in described composite fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium is 1:0.2:1.6;
(3) sow add the soil in step (2) in nutritive cube after, for subsequent use after tobacco seedling grows 9-11 sheet true leaf;
Described Bemisia tabaci inoculation comprises the following steps: moved to by the tobacco seedling of 9-11 sheet true leaf and connect zooecium, inoculation Bemisia tabaci adults, per square centimeter on average 3-4 head adult on tobacco seedling blade, inoculation 24 as a child, with for subsequent use after hair-dryer expulsion Bemisia tabaci adults, connect worm indoor temperature and remain on 25 DEG C, relative moisture 68%, illumination is sufficient;
Described Bemisia tabaci Nymph is bred and is comprised the following steps: Bemisia tabaci Nymph adopts alternating temperature to breed, described alternating temperature is bred and is comprised the following steps: when the morning 6, the temperature in greenhouse is adjusted to 20.5 DEG C, the tobacco seedling completing inoculation is moved into greenhouse, then the rising per hour of the temperature in greenhouse 1 DEG C, to afternoon 13 time, temperature in greenhouse reaches 27.5 DEG C, keep warm indoor temperature 27.5 DEG C 2 hours, then cooling per hour 1 DEG C, to evening 22 time, temperature indoor temperature is 20.5 DEG C, then keep 20.5 DEG C to next day 6 time, humidity in greenhouse remains on 65-72%, illumination condition is 12 h light, 12 h dark, alternating temperature breeds lasting 13-14 days, the egg development of Bemisia tabaci be 3 age nymph,
Described inoculation Encarsia formosa comprises the following steps: become by Encarsia formosa honeybee to be inoculated on 3 age nymphs of Bemisia tabaci in step (three), after 24 hours, expel into honeybee, collect bee pupa when being become black pupa by the Bemisia tabaci Nymph of parasitism, be placed in 10 DEG C of insulating boxs and preserve;
Described alternating temperature breeds lasting 16-17 days, and the egg development of Bemisia tabaci is Bemisia tabaci adults;
The kind of described tobacco is K326;
Described Bemisia tabaci 3 age nymph be used for as the purposes of Encarsia formosa host;
Described Bemisia tabaci adults is for breeding the purposes of Bemisia tabaci of future generation;
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention surprisingly finds to adopt the mode of alternating temperature to breed Bemisia tabaci Nymph, Bemisia tabaci 2 age, 3 age nymph individuality be greater than nymph with the length of time in prior art.
2, the present invention adopts the mode of alternating temperature to breed Bemisia tabaci Nymph, and the nymph in Bemisia tabaci each length of time and the survival rate of adult improve, Bemisia tabaci from egg development to nymph, the time shorten of adult.
3, the present invention adopts the mode of alternating temperature to breed Bemisia tabaci Nymph, the Bemisia tabaci adults life-span of breeding generation is longer than the Bemisia tabaci adults that usual manner is bred, alternating temperature is bred the Bemisia tabaci adults obtained and breed Bemisia tabaci of future generation, the Bemisia tabaci female adult pest that the egg laying amount of female worm is bred higher than usual manner, improves the parasitic rate of Encarsia formosa to Bemisia tabaci Nymph.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment to further instruction of the present invention, the percentage in embodiment is weight ratio, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
1, material:
1.1 for examination worm source: testing Bemisia tabaci used is the Bemisia tabaci adults that Yuxi Ma Qiao scientific base, Yunnan Province vega collects;
1.2 for examination host plant: tobacco K326.
2, test method: (test in triplicate)
(1) select tobacco K326 as Bemisia tabaci host;
(2) first with liquor potassic permanganate to disinfecting soil, in soil, then add nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium composite fertilizer, the weight ratio of the nitrogen in described composite fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium is 1:0.2:1.6;
(3) sowing add the soil in step (2) in 700 nutritive cubes after, through cultivating, obtaining the tobacco seedling that 500 basin K326 have 9-11 sheet true leaf;
(4) tobacco seedling with 9-11 sheet true leaf of the 400 basin K326 obtained in step (3) is moved to connect zooecium, inoculation Bemisia tabaci adults, per square centimeter on average 3-4 head adult on tobacco seedling blade, inoculation 24 as a child, with for subsequent use after hair-dryer expulsion Bemisia tabaci adults, connect worm indoor temperature and remain on 25 DEG C, relative moisture 68%, illumination is sufficient;
(5) Bemisia tabaci Nymph adopts alternating temperature to breed, described alternating temperature is bred and is comprised the following steps: when the morning 6, the temperature in greenhouse is adjusted to 20.5 DEG C, the 100 basin K326 tobacco seedlings completing inoculation in selecting step (4) move into greenhouse, then the rising per hour of the temperature in greenhouse 1 DEG C, to afternoon 13 time, temperature in greenhouse reaches 27.5 DEG C, keep warm indoor temperature 27.5 DEG C 2 hours, then cooling per hour 1 DEG C, to evening 22 time, temperature indoor temperature is 20.5 DEG C, then keep 20.5 DEG C to next day 6 time, humidity in greenhouse remains on 65-72%, illumination condition is 12 h light, 12 h dark, alternating temperature breeds lasting 13-14 days, the egg development of Bemisia tabaci be 3 age nymph, alternating temperature breeds lasting 16-17 days, and the egg development of Bemisia tabaci is adult.
(6) constant temperature breeds Bemisia tabaci Nymph, adult:
CK1: the 100 basin K326 tobacco seedlings completing inoculation in selecting step (4) move into greenhouse, and warm indoor temperature remains on 25 DEG C, and humidity remains on 65-72%, and illumination condition is 12 h light, 12 h dark; Alternating temperature breeds lasting 16-17 days, the egg development of Bemisia tabaci be 3 age nymph; Alternating temperature breeds lasting 20-21 days, and the egg development of Bemisia tabaci is adult.
CK2: the 100 basin K326 tobacco seedlings completing inoculation in selecting step (4) move into greenhouse, and warm indoor temperature remains on 20.5 DEG C, and humidity remains on 65-72%, and illumination condition is 12 h light, 12 h dark; Alternating temperature breeds lasting 16-17 days, the egg development of Bemisia tabaci be 3 age nymph; Alternating temperature breeds lasting 21-22 days, and the egg development of Bemisia tabaci is adult.
CK3: choose in rapid (4) the 100 basin K326 tobacco seedlings completing inoculation and move into greenhouse, warm indoor temperature remains on 27.5 DEG C, and humidity remains on 65-72%, and illumination condition is 12 h light, 12 h dark.Alternating temperature breeds lasting 16-17 days, the egg development of Bemisia tabaci be 3 age nymph; Alternating temperature breeds lasting 22-23 days, and the egg development of Bemisia tabaci is adult.
(7), the comparison of the Bemisia tabaci Nymph bodily form
From each 100 of random selecting nymph in per length of time in nymph in each length of time step (5) tobacco, from each 100 of random selecting nymph in per length of time in nymph in each length of time step (6) CK1, CK2, CK3 tobacco, measure with the micrometer in stereomicroscope is long to its body, body is wide, on acquisition tobacco, the average body of Bemisia tabaci nymph in each length of time is long, average body is wide.
Note: in table 1, long, the body of the body of Bemisia tabaci nymph in each length of time is wide is all the mean value of three repeated tests
Data in table 1 show: breed Bemisia tabaci Nymph by the mode of alternating temperature, Bemisia tabaci 2 age, 3 ages, 4 age nymph individuality be greater than the nymph in the same length of time of constant temperature culture in contrast, and the Individual Size of Bemisia tabaci 2-3 nymph in age affect its host's Encarsia formosa sprout wings after fecundity, Individual Size, individual large Bemisia tabaci 2-3 nymph in age is conducive to cultivating vitality, Encarsia formosa that fertility is stronger.
(8), the survival rate of each worm phase of Bemisia tabaci and development duration
From step (5), in CK1, CK2, CK3 in step (6) respectively random selecting 200 pieces of ovum, each length of time each 200 of nymph, each 200 of adult; Under stereomicroscope, the ovum on blade is marked, to hatching after 1 age nymph mark again, the growth survival condition of each worm state of the every day of observed and recorded under stereomicroscope, until adult eclosion.
Note: in table 2, the survival rate of Bemisia tabaci nymph in each length of time is the mean value of three repeated tests
Data in table 2 show: breed Bemisia tabaci Nymph by the mode of alternating temperature, the nymph in Bemisia tabaci each length of time and the survival rate of adult improve, improve the quantity that can be used for breeding Bemisia tabaci of future generation, and then shorten the time of Encarsia formosa breeding, improve Encarsia formosa reproductive efficiency.
Note: in table 3, the egg development nymph in extremely each length of time of Bemisia tabaci, the time of adult are the mean value of three repeated tests
Data in table 3 show: breed Bemisia tabaci Nymph by the mode of alternating temperature, Bemisia tabaci is shorter than the Bemisia tabaci of constant temperature cultivation to the time of 2-3 nymph in age, adult from egg development, this will be conducive to the reproduction speed and the efficiency that improve Bemisia tabaci, and then shorten the time of Encarsia formosa breeding, improve Encarsia formosa reproductive efficiency.
(9), difference breeds life-span and the egg laying amount of Bemisia tabaci adults under condition
From step (5), in CK1, CK2, CK3 in step (6), the random selecting female male imago of Bemisia tabaci of just having sprouted wings is each 30 right respectively, the vacuum side of blade (if male worm death is mended connect new male imago) of access tobacco K326, every day observed and recorded Bemisia tabaci female adult pest under stereomicroscope egg laying amount and survival condition, until female adult pest is dead.
Note: in the life-span of female, the male imago of Bemisia tabaci in table 4, female adult pest egg laying amount is all the mean value of three repeated tests
Data in table 4 show: breed Bemisia tabaci Nymph by the mode of alternating temperature, the Bemisia tabaci adults life-span of breeding generation is longer than the Bemisia tabaci adults that constant temperature is bred, alternating temperature is bred the Bemisia tabaci adults obtained and breed Bemisia tabaci of future generation, the Bemisia tabaci female adult pest that the egg laying amount of female worm is bred higher than constant temperature, this will be conducive to the reproduction speed and the efficiency that improve Bemisia tabaci, and then shorten the time of Encarsia formosa breeding, improve Encarsia formosa reproductive efficiency.
(10), Encarsia formosa is inoculated:
From random selecting 3 nymph in age 300 in nymph in each length of time step (5) tobacco, from each 300 of random selecting 3 nymph in age in nymph in each length of time step (6) CK1, CK2, CK3 tobacco, by containing above-mentioned 3 age nymph tobacco seedling and other tobacco seedlings isolate, and to cover with sarong; Become by Encarsia formosa honeybee to be inoculated into respectively on above-mentioned 3 age nymphs, after 24 hours, expel into honeybee, within 10 days, check the quantity of Bemisia tabaci (black pupa) on seedling afterwards, determine parasitic rate.
Note: in table 5, Bemisia tabaci parasitic rate is the mean value of three repeated tests
As can be seen from the data of table 1-5, the present invention greatly improves the reproductive efficiency of Bemisia tabaci, and then shortens the time of Encarsia formosa breeding, improves the parasitic rate of Encarsia formosa to Bemisia tabaci Nymph, improves Encarsia formosa reproductive efficiency.
Claims (2)
1. improve a method for Encarsia formosa reproductive efficiency, it is characterized in that: the method includes the steps of:
(1) host plant is cultivated:
(1) select tobacco as Bemisia tabaci host;
(2) first with liquor potassic permanganate to disinfecting soil, in soil, then add nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium composite fertilizer, the weight ratio of the nitrogen in described composite fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium is 1:0.2:1.6;
(3) sow add the soil in step (2) in nutritive cube after, for subsequent use after tobacco seedling grows 9-11 sheet true leaf;
(2) Bemisia tabaci inoculation:
The tobacco seedling of 9-11 sheet true leaf is moved to and connects zooecium, inoculation Bemisia tabaci adults, per square centimeter on average 3-4 head adult on tobacco seedling blade, inoculate after 24 hours, with for subsequent use after hair-dryer expulsion Bemisia tabaci adults, connect worm indoor temperature and remain on 25 DEG C, relative moisture 68%, illumination is sufficient;
(3) Bemisia tabaci Nymph is bred:
Bemisia tabaci Nymph adopts alternating temperature to breed, described alternating temperature is bred and is comprised the following steps: when the morning 6, the temperature in greenhouse is adjusted to 20.5 DEG C, the tobacco seedling completing inoculation is moved into greenhouse, then the rising per hour of the temperature in greenhouse 1 DEG C, to afternoon 13 time, temperature in greenhouse reaches 27.5 DEG C, keep warm indoor temperature 27.5 DEG C 2 hours, then cooling per hour 1 DEG C, to evening 22 time, warm indoor temperature is 20.5 DEG C, then keep 20.5 DEG C to next day 6 time, humidity in greenhouse remains on 65-72%, and illumination condition is 12 h light, 12 h dark; Alternating temperature breeds lasting 13-14 days, the egg development of Bemisia tabaci be 3 age nymph;
(4) Encarsia formosa is inoculated:
Become by Encarsia formosa honeybee to be inoculated on 3 age nymphs of Bemisia tabaci in step (three), after 24 hours, expel into honeybee, collect bee pupa when being become black pupa by the Bemisia tabaci Nymph of parasitism, be placed in 10 DEG C of insulating boxs and preserve.
2. a kind of method improving Encarsia formosa reproductive efficiency according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described alternating temperature breeds lasting 16-17 days, and the egg development of Bemisia tabaci is Bemisia tabaci adults.
3. a kind of method improving Encarsia formosa reproductive efficiency according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the kind of described tobacco is K326.
4. Bemisia tabaci according to claim 13 age nymph be used for as the purposes of Encarsia formosa host.
5. Bemisia tabaci adults according to claim 2 is for breeding the purposes of Bemisia tabaci of future generation.
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| CN103749400B (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2015-05-06 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Method for improving breeding efficiency of bemisia tabaci |
| CN104604809A (en) * | 2014-06-07 | 2015-05-13 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Biological control method using encarsia formosa for controlling tobacco whitefly |
| CN105230575B (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2018-09-14 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | A method of improving radish aphid reproductive efficiency |
| CN105340836A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-24 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for improving factory propagation efficiency of encarsia formosa |
| CN105900932B (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2019-09-10 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | A kind of method of efficient breeding radish aphid |
| CN105900931A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-08-31 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | method for breeding Lipaphis erysimi on large scale |
| CN106614407B (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2019-09-03 | 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of Encarsia formosa mating system |
| CN107926868B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2021-04-20 | 吉林农业大学 | Method for breeding encarsia formosa massively based on yacon as host plant |
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| CN1631125A (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2005-06-29 | 北京市农林科学院 | Artificial progagation method for Encarsia formosa |
| JP2007014232A (en) * | 2005-07-06 | 2007-01-25 | Arysta Lifescience Corp | Method and apparatus for promoting emergence and copulation of insect |
| CN101455190B (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2011-11-02 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale propagation technique |
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| CN102812933B (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-02-05 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Overwintering preserving breeding method for aphidius gifuensis |
| CN102870742A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-01-16 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Large-scale artificial feeding method for eretmocerus hayati |
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