CN105900932A - Method for efficiently breeding Lipaphis erysimi - Google Patents
Method for efficiently breeding Lipaphis erysimi Download PDFInfo
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- CN105900932A CN105900932A CN201610304036.8A CN201610304036A CN105900932A CN 105900932 A CN105900932 A CN 105900932A CN 201610304036 A CN201610304036 A CN 201610304036A CN 105900932 A CN105900932 A CN 105900932A
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 241000272317 Lipaphis erysimi Species 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 claims description 158
- 241000220259 Raphanus Species 0.000 claims description 113
- 235000006140 Raphanus sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 113
- 235000011293 Brassica napus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 240000008100 Brassica rapa Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000000540 Brassica rapa subsp rapa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
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- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 12
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- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
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- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 10
- 241000256844 Apis mellifera Species 0.000 description 7
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for efficiently breeding Lipaphis erysimi. Lipaphis erysimi bred through the method has the following advantages that Lipaphis erysimi imagoes obtained through breeding are larger than imagoes in the prior art; the survival rate of the Lipaphis erysimi imagoes is increased, and the time for developing Lipaphis erysimi from eggs to the imagoes is shortened; the parturition amount of the female Lipaphis erysimi imagoes is increased substantially when the female Lipaphis erysimi imagoes obtained through breeding are used for breeding next generation of Lipaphis erysimi.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of agriculture and forestry insect, be specifically related at biological control agriculture and forestry injurious insect
During the mating system of host radish aphid of dish aphid parasite that uses.
Background technology
Yunnan crop is enriched, and shortening kind is many, and aphid distribution is wide, popular by force, harm is universal, pesticide dosage
Greatly, prevention and controls is single, anti-heterodyne, and the problem such as residues of pesticides and pollution becomes for a long time and troubles Yunnan Province
A difficult problem for plant protection work.For realizing plant protection work new breakthrough, since 2006, according to the Ministry of Agriculture about " big
Try hard to recommend and work into diseases and pests of agronomic crop green prevention and control, promote agricultural product quality and safety and Agriculture Ecological Environment Security "
Requirement, Yunnan Province researches and develops integrated green prevention and control technology energetically, accelerates propelling dynamics.
The aphid overwhelming majority is subordinate to Homoptera (Homoptera) Aphidiadae (Aphididae), is to blazon all over the world
The polyphagy insect serious to crop harm, it is not only drawn crop alimentary, drains honeydew, directly affect crop
Yield and quality, but also propagate multiple virus, cause multiple virosis and other worm pass disease generation and
Popular.The aspect people that prevent and treat aphid have carried out many research, and various control measure are in control of aphids
There is application, particularly a large amount of Long-Time Service of insecticide in chemical prevention, cause the resistance to the action of a drug of aphid to increase,
Natural enemy is difficult to survive under conventional field control dosage, adds the residues of pesticides probability on crop, to agriculture simultaneously
The pollution of industry environment increases the weight of increasingly, is unfavorable for the sustainable development of agricultural.Therefore, use in the preventing and treating of aphid
The biological prevention of environmental protection is very urgent.
Aphid parasite is the important parasite of one of aphid, in rape, vegetables, seeding corn and other crops popularization and application
Aphid parasite, utilizes aphid parasite to prevent eliminating aphis, and one is the population quantity that can effectively control aphid, reduces aphid
Harm, reduces the aphid that migrates and spreads disease viral disease probability, it is ensured that the yield of agricultural product and quality；Two is to avoid aphid to produce
The raw resistance to the action of a drug；Three is the usage amount substantially reducing chemical insecticide crops, reduces residues of pesticides, improves cloud
The security of south agricultural product；Four is to reduce chemical insecticide pollution on the environment.Aphid parasite is utilized to prevent and treat aphid
Worm, is need to solve pesticide dosage greatly, and prevention and controls is single, anti-heterodyne, the weight of the problem such as residues of pesticides and pollution
Big key technology supports, and for improving in Yunnan agricultural products participating country, the competition of international market creates conditions, simultaneously
The trend of plant protection modern with sustainable agriculture development and development matches, and brings huge economic benefit, social effect
Benefit and ecological benefits.Aphid parasite can include black peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer), trailing plants by parasitic multiple aphid
Foretell aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), brevicoryne brassicae Brevicoryne brassicae
(Linnaeus), little grain aphid Macrosiphum avenae (Fabricius), cotten aphid Aphis
Gossypii_Glover etc., in the biological control of aphid significant and application on effect notable.Vegetable aphid cocoon
Honeybee is as the important parasitic wasp of one of aphid, and its host range is narrow, often shows obvious specialization, its
Host mainly has: brevicoryne brassicae, radish aphid, black peach aphid, meadow sweet aphid, green bugs.Distribution is all had in the whole world,
In China, it is distributed mainly in field of vegetables, wheatland, vega.
Investigating according to us, the generation of the vernal crop diversity aphid of flue-cured tobacco previous crops and harm are more serious, but at present for
Late autumn, the biological control of crop sown in spring aphid still belong to blank.In recent years, We conducted preliminary research and field
Between plot experiment and demonstration, by the numerous honeybee of conservation booth, release aphid cocoon honeybee preventing and treating vernal crop diversity aphid, thus
Control aphis population radix, reduction cost, protect and surely grow cocoon honeybee, obtain the firsthand information and the stage of science
Property effect.Lifting biological control and field adaptability technical merit are the keys of Biological control of aphid.Aphid parasite
Biological control technology mainly includes seed selection and plantation, the amount reproduction of host aphid and the aphid of aphid host plant
Worm 3 production links of cocoon honeybee amount reproduction, 3 links complement each other, associated with each other.Carrying out vegetable aphid at present
The obstacle of three aspects is there is: 1, lack posting of proper scaleization breeding radish aphid during cocoon honeybee biological control
Main plant, 2, lack radish aphid propagation in scale technological process, 3, lack perfect dish aphid parasite commodity metaplasia
Product technology.
Radish aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) belongs to Homoptera Aphidiadae, whole nation distribution, has another name called dish
Aphid, turnip aphid, Chinese cabbage of can causing harm, cabbage heart, cherry radish, cabbage mustard, broccoli, purple tsai-tai, embrace son sweet
The dilute vegetables of Cruciferae famous-particular-excellent such as indigo plant, collard, a kind of sedge dish, often mix generation with black peach aphid.Our seminar
The host studying always and the most efficiently breeding radish aphid, how cultivating applicable biological control dish aphid parasite, I
A kind of method (publication number: CN105230575A) improving radish aphid reproductive efficiency that before, research finds,
It breeds radish aphid by gradual alternating temperature, breeds the radish aphid obtained and has plurality of advantages: individuality is big, adult
Survival rate improve, breeding cycle shortens, the egg laying amount of radish aphid female adult pest improves, but the method there is also
Some shortcomings, require higher to temperature accuracy in (1) reproductive process, and energy consumption is higher, and (2) are due to aphid body
Long-pending little, identify that the nymph of different larval instar need to expend a large amount of manpower, select radish aphid 3 nymph in age as dish aphid parasite
Host waste time and energy, be unfavorable for biological control dish aphid parasite.Based on above-mentioned deficiency, our seminar continues
Study, it is desirable to find convenient, energy consumption is low, be suitable for propagation in scale radish aphid method.The present invention passes through
Lot of experiments, finds that radish aphid is carried out constant indoor temperature breeds, and irradiates in conjunction with ultraviolet, and bar is irradiated in regulation and control
Part, it is possible to increase the reproductive efficiency of radish aphid so that it is disclosure satisfy that indoor scale, efficiently breed radish aphid
Need.
Summary of the invention
A kind of method that the purpose of the present invention is to propose to efficient breeding radish aphid, carries out constant indoor temperature to radish aphid numerous
Educating, shorten radish aphid breeds the time so that it is disclosure satisfy that indoor scale, efficiently breed the need of radish aphid
Want.
The technical scheme taked to achieve the object of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method of efficient breeding radish aphid, it is characterised in that: the method includes the steps of: host plant
Selecting, radish aphid inoculates, and radish aphid breeds, and radish aphid preserves；
Preferably, described host plant selects to comprise the following steps: select the Turnip Sprouts with 3-4 sheet true leaf
As radish aphid host；
Preferably, described radish aphid inoculation comprises the following steps: moved to by the Turnip Sprouts with 3-4 sheet true leaf
Connect zooecium, every strain Turnip Sprouts inoculation 20-80 head radish aphid aptery one-tenth aphid, connect worm indoor temperature and be maintained at 20 DEG C
-22 DEG C, humidity 70%-78%, illumination is sufficient；
Preferably, described radish aphid breeds employing constant temperature and breeds, and comprises the following steps: by postvaccinal radish
Seedling moves into insectary, uses ultra violet lamp radish aphid 15 minutes every 8 hours, and the temperature in insectary is protected
Holding at 18 DEG C-20 DEG C, the humidity in insectary is maintained at 70%-75%, and illumination condition is illumination in 10 hours,
14 hours dark, breeds lasting 4-5 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult；
Preferably, the power of described uviol lamp is 30W, wavelength 340nm；
Preferably, described radish aphid preserves to comprise the steps of and radish aphid adult is moved into dactylethrae, finger-type
Tube opening end cotton balls seals；
Preferably, the kind of described Turnip Sprouts is white jade spring or Yulong's spring；
The adult of the radish aphid that the present invention breeds is for breeding the purposes of radish aphid of future generation；
The adult of the radish aphid that the present invention breeds is as the purposes of dish aphid parasite host.
Present invention have the advantage that
1, the mode that the present invention uses constant temperature to combine ultraviolet irradiation breeds radish aphid, breeds the radish aphid obtained
The individuality of adult is more than adult of the prior art.
2, the mode that the present invention uses constant temperature to combine ultraviolet irradiation breeds radish aphid, breeds the radish aphid obtained
The survival rate of adult improves, and radish aphid shortened from the time of egg development to adult.
3, the mode that the present invention uses constant temperature to combine ultraviolet irradiation breeds radish aphid, will breed the radish obtained
Aphid female adult pest breeds radish aphid of future generation, and the farrowing amount of radish aphid female adult pest is greatly improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further instruction of the present invention, the percentage in embodiment are weight ratio, but
The invention is not limited in this.
Embodiment one
1, material:
1.1 for examination worm source: test radish aphid used is the trailing plants that Yuxi Ma Qiao scientific base, Yunnan Province collects
Foretell aphid adult；
1.2 for examination host plant: white jade spring radish seedling；
2, test method: (test is in triplicate)
(1) select the Turnip Sprouts with 3-4 sheet true leaf as the host of radish aphid；
(2) Turnip Sprouts that 600 basins have 3-4 sheet true leaf move to connect zooecium, and inoculation radish aphid is aptery becomes aphid,
Every strain Turnip Sprouts inoculate 35 aptery one-tenth aphids, connect worm indoor temperature and are maintained at 20 DEG C, and humidity 70%, illumination is filled
Foot；
(3) radish aphid breeds and comprises the following steps: moved by the 100 basin Turnip Sprouts completing inoculation in step (2)
Enter insectary, use uviol lamp (power 30W, wavelength 340nm) to irradiate radish aphid 15 points every 8 hours
Clock, the temperature in insectary is maintained at 20 DEG C, and the humidity in insectary is maintained at 70%, and illumination condition is 10
Hour illumination, 14 hours dark, breeds and continues 4.4 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
(4) radish aphid adult is bred:
CK1: irradiate radish aphid 1 hour with uviol lamp (power 30W, wavelength 340nm), in insectary
Temperature be maintained at 20 DEG C, the humidity in insectary is maintained at 70%, and illumination condition is illumination in 10 hours, 14
Hour dark, to breed and continue 6.2 days, the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
CK2: irradiate radish aphid 1 hour with uviol lamp (power 30W, wavelength 313nm), in insectary
Temperature be maintained at 20 DEG C, the humidity in insectary is maintained at 70%, and illumination condition is illumination in 10 hours, 14
Hour dark, to breed and continue 7.8 days, the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
The 100 basin Turnip Sprouts completing inoculation in CK3: selecting step (2) move into insectary, keep insectary
Interior temperature is at 25 DEG C, and the humidity in insectary is maintained at 75%, and illumination condition is illumination in 10 hours, and 14
Hour dark, to breed and continue 7.6 days, the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
The 100 basin Turnip Sprouts completing inoculation in CK4: selecting step (2) move into insectary, will during the morning 6
Temperature in insectary is adjusted to 18.5 DEG C, and then the temperature in insectary raises 2 DEG C per hour, to afternoon 12
Time, the temperature in insectary reaches 30.5 DEG C, keeps in insectary temperature 30.5 DEG C 2 hours, the most per hour
Lowering the temperature 1.5 DEG C, during to evening 22, in insectary, temperature is 18.5 DEG C, then keeps 18.5 DEG C to next day 6
Time, the humidity in insectary is maintained at 70%, and illumination condition is illumination in 13 hours, and 11 hours are dark；Alternating temperature
Breeding and continue 4.8 days, the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
(5) comparison of the radish aphid adult bodily form
Randomly select from step (3) Turnip Sprouts and breed the radish aphid adult 200 obtained, from step (4)
Randomly select on CK1, CK2, CK3, CK4 Turnip Sprouts and breed each 200 of the radish aphid adult obtained, use
Its body length, body width are measured by the micrometer in stereomicroscope, and on acquisition Turnip Sprouts, radish aphid adult is flat
All body length, average body width.
Note: the body length of radish aphid adult, the wide mean value being all to repeat for three times test of body in table 1
Data in table 1 show: the condition being combined ultraviolet irradiation by constant temperature of the present invention breeds radish aphid, numerous
The individuality educating the radish aphid adult obtained respectively greater than compares CK1, CK2 (irradiating condition different), CK3 (perseverance
Temperature is bred), CK4 (radish aphid before this seminar breeds condition, patent publication No.: CN105230575A)
Adult, and the Individual Size of radish aphid adult affects the fecundity after its host's vegetable aphid cocoon bee eclosion, individual big
Little, individual big radish aphid adult is conducive to cultivating the dish aphid parasite that vitality is higher.
(6) survival rate of radish aphid adult and development duration
CK1, CK2, CK3, CK4 from step (3), step (4) randomly selects respectively and breeds
Each 200 of the radish aphid adult obtained.
Note: in table 2, the survival rate of radish aphid adult is all to repeat the mean value of test for three times
Data in table 2 show: the condition being combined ultraviolet irradiation by constant temperature of the present invention breeds radish aphid, numerous
The survival rate educating the radish aphid adult obtained is (permanent higher than comparison CK1, CK2 (irradiating condition different), CK3
Temperature is bred), CK4 (radish aphid before this seminar breeds condition, patent publication No.: CN105230575A).
Note: in table 3, the egg development of radish aphid is the mean value repeating test for three times to the time of adult
Data in table 3 show: the condition being combined ultraviolet irradiation by constant temperature of the present invention breeds radish aphid, numerous
Educate the radish aphid that obtains from the time of egg development to adult be shorter than comparison CK1, CK2 (irradiating condition different),
CK3 (constant temperature is bred), CK4 (radish aphid before this seminar breeds condition, patent publication No.:
CN105230575A), it is seen that temperature, irradiation condition affect breeding of radish aphid, and the mating system of the present invention
Be conducive to improving reproduction speed and the efficiency of radish aphid.
(7) the farrowing amount of radish aphid female adult pest under the conditions of difference is bred
CK1, CK2, CK3, CK4 from step (3), step (4) randomly selects respectively and breeds
Each 50 of the radish aphid female adult pest obtained, accesses Turnip Sprouts, and under stereomicroscope, observed and recorded radish aphid is female
The farrowing amount of adult.
Note: in table 4, radish aphid female adult pest farrowing amount is all to repeat the mean value of test for three times
Data in table 4 show: the condition being combined ultraviolet irradiation by constant temperature of the present invention breeds radish aphid, will
Breed the radish aphid female adult pest obtained and breed radish aphid of future generation, the farrowing amount of female adult pest higher than comparison CK1,
CK2 (irradiate condition different), (radish aphid before this seminar breeds bar for CK3 (constant temperature is bred), CK4
Part, patent publication No.: CN105230575A) female adult pest, this reproduction speed being beneficial to improve radish aphid
And efficiency.As can be seen here, the present invention greatly improves the reproductive efficiency of radish aphid.
Claims (9)
1. the method for an efficient breeding radish aphid, it is characterised in that: the method includes the steps of: host plant selects, and radish aphid inoculates, and radish aphid breeds, and radish aphid preserves.
The method of a kind of efficient breeding radish aphid the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described host plant selects to comprise the following steps: select have the Turnip Sprouts of 3-4 sheet true leaf as radish aphid host.
The method of a kind of efficient breeding radish aphid the most according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described radish aphid inoculation comprises the following steps: move to connect zooecium by the Turnip Sprouts with 3-4 sheet true leaf, every strain Turnip Sprouts inoculation 20-80 head radish aphid aptery one-tenth aphid, connect worm indoor temperature and be maintained at 20 DEG C-22 DEG C, humidity 70%-78%, illumination is sufficient.
The method of a kind of efficient breeding radish aphid the most according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described radish aphid breeds and comprises the following steps: postvaccinal Turnip Sprouts are moved into insectary, ultra violet lamp radish aphid is used 15 minutes every 8 hours, temperature in insectary is maintained at 18 DEG C-20 DEG C, humidity in insectary is maintained at 70%-75%, and illumination condition is illumination in 10 hours, and 14 hours dark, breeding lasting 4-5 days, the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
The method of a kind of efficient breeding radish aphid the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the power of described uviol lamp is 30W, wavelength 340nm.
The method of a kind of propagation in scale radish aphid the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described radish aphid preserves to comprise the steps of and radish aphid adult is moved into dactylethrae, and dactylethrae openend cotton balls seals.
The method of a kind of efficient breeding radish aphid the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the kind of described Turnip Sprouts is white jade spring or Yulong's spring.
The adult of radish aphid the most according to claim 4 is for breeding the purposes of radish aphid of future generation.
The adult of radish aphid the most according to claim 4 is as the purposes of dish aphid parasite host.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111418557A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-17 | 河南省农业科学院烟草研究所 | Method for reducing death rate of low-age myzus persicae as test material |
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