CN102144619A - Artificial propagation method of diversinervus elegans silvestri - Google Patents
Artificial propagation method of diversinervus elegans silvestri Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial propagation method of diversinervus elegans silvestri. In the method, a pumpkin is used as propagation material, parasaissetia nigra nietner is propagated to be used as an intermediate host, the parasaissetia nigra nietner is used for producing the diversinervus elegans silvestri, the parasaissetia nigra nietner used as the intermediate host is inoculated on the pumpkin and cultured for 35-50 days under indoor natural conditions to inoculate a parasitic wasp; the proportion of the male diversinervus to the female diversinervus is controlled to be 2-4 : 1, the diversinervus are fed with 10% honey water, the proportion of the male encyrtid to the parasaissetia nigra nietner is controlled to be 1 : 5, and after 1-3 days, the pumpkin used as the propagation material is taken out; another pumpkin with the intermediate host is used as the propagation material for propagation of the diversinervus elegans silvestri, the parasaissetia nigra nietner is inoculated on the pumpkin for 1-3 days, and then, the provenances of the diversinervus are discarded after inoculating 1-2 pumpkins; the pumpkin being taken out is placed in the room for cultivation under natural conditions, the parasitized parasaissetia nigra nietner used as the intermediate host is cut off by a blade so as to collect honeybee pupae, and the grown diversinervus are collected after the eclosion of the pupae. The method can implement volume production of the diversinervus elegans silvestri, and can effectively solve the problems of low progenitive rate and delayed supply and demand of biological control.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture and forestry injurious insect biological control field, be specifically related to the artificial fecundation method of the graceful qi pulse of a kind of lecanium natural enemy insect chalcid fly.
Background technology
Wax coccidae Coccidae belongs to Insecta Insecta Homoptera Homoptera Coccoidea Coccoidea, in 20 sections of Coccoidea, wax coccidae is the third-largest section, is only second to Diaspididae Diaspididae and Pseudococcidae Pseudococcidae, and wax coccidae coccid wax secretion amount is maximum relatively.According to the record of Ben-Dov (1993), undergraduate course has write down about 1088 kinds, is divided into 144 and belongs to.China wax coccidae insect known 39 belongs to 83 kinds (soup a tree, used in making timber for boats moral, 1991), and wherein nearly 30 kinds is the common insect of farming, woods, fruit tree and ornamental plants.The important pests of wax coccidae has: ceroplastes rubens, the green continuous lecanium of tangerine, Japanese lecanium, brown soft wax a red-spotted lizard, jujube ball lecanium, rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard etc., cause harm multiple fruit tree, economic trees and flowers.They are often with the surprising insect population quantity set of density harm, cause crop production reduction, forest weak, even cause the depressed of an industry.Compare with other insects, they are owing to there is the protection of thick wax layer, and conventional chemical prevention and control method is difficult to prove effective.
Break out the rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard that causes disaster at Yunnan Province's natural rubber growing area at the beginning of 21 century
Parasaissetia nigra(Neiter), promptly belong to wax coccidae, rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard early 1990s the rubber main producing region, Yunnan Province of sporadicly causing harm: state, Xishuangbanna plantation, large tracts of land took place in 2002,2003, the whole province in 2,004 two breaks out greatly, and hazard area reaches 68.2 ten thousand mu, accounts for the whole province and always plants 18.8% of glue area, become the topmost insect of bamboo grows (Duan Bo etc., 2005) rapidly.Rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard concentrates on the branch of bamboo grows, especially just on the spray of extracting out, causes harm with nymph and the suction of adult thorn, and quantity also is diffused into blade for a long time and fruit is caused harm.They rob nutriment in a large number tightly attached on the host, have a strong impact on the growing situation of bamboo grows; Oozy honeydew becomes the natural medium of mould, brings out sooty mould, influences the photosynthesis of bamboo grows, causes to open and cuts the forest land underproduction, stops cutting or postponing and opening the time of cutting, serious bamboo grows fallen leaves and the spike top of causing, even cause plant death.According to according to a preliminary estimate 2004 because of being subjected to rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard Xishuangbanna of only causing harm to plant Jiao Qu and just cause 10,000 tons of the dried glue underproduction, reduce more than 100,000,000 yuan of income.
In recent years owing to the reason of weather, rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard is no longer extensive, breaking out of the whole province's property caused disaster, but still wreak havoc in some areas, revive one operation area in the river mouth as rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard in 2009, heavierly occurred in Dehong one production team in 2010, from the data of observing and predicting of the whole province's rubber pest and disease monitoring point, rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard is planted Jiao Qu in the whole province, and no matter the nursery still becomes to set age still ubiquity.In view of extensive artificial pure forest and insect population radix still exist, can predict that rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard still can stage a comeback, and rises to primary pest when benign climate.Because present prophylactico-therapeutic measures is based on chemical control; and chemical agent is difficult to arrive effective target site (as up to the scale insect on twenties meters bamboo grows top children's shoots); add coccid generation overlap, polypide the protection of wax shell is arranged; so control efficiency is very undesirable; and chemical control also can bring pesticide resistance, insect problem such as wildness and residue of pesticide again, thus produce go up be badly in need of other, method that can this worm of sustainable Control.
External successful experience, small to this class bodily form of scale insect, habit is hidden, reproduction speed is fast and the control of the insect of most valuable information for systematic protections that hard and compact arranged, all propose to solve, as see Forster and Luck, 1996 with the method for biological control; Bento et al., 1999; Takagi, 2003.In the natural enemy of scale insect, parasitic wasp is bigger, an important monoid, and also being has a bigger monoid that utilizes prospect.Utilize parasitic wasp control scale insect, existing many successful examples are as 20 beginnings of the century, Kenya is after the failure of chemical control coffee mealy bug, introduce 9 kinds of natural enemies, wherein Kenya's mealybug encyrtid and Uganda mealybug encyrtid have successfully been controlled the harm (Liang Tianxi etc., 1985) of coffee mealy bug; From the thirties in 20th century, states such as the U.S., Italy, the former Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, Former Yugoslavia, Austria, Germany, France, Switzerland, India, Pakistan, South Africa and Chile all successively draw the san jose scale parasitic wasp and move release, prevent and treat the serious san jose scale of causing harm, wherein the overwhelming majority utilizes sociales san jose scale grace aphid chalcid fly.This honeybee is settled down at majority state and area introduction, has set up natural population, and parasitic rate generally reaches 15% ~ 60%, and high reaches more than 80%, and the population quantity of san jose scale has been brought into play long-term control action (Clausen, 1978).Guangdong Province introduced flower angle aphid chalcid fly control pine greedy scale from Japan in 1986, put honeybee and settle down success rate and reach more than 85%, flower angle aphid chalcid fly generally forms the nature population, has slowed down the diffusion velocity of pine greedy scale effectively, pine greedy scale is controlled at scope (Tong Guojian etc., 1998 that worm does not cause disaster; Tao Mei etc., 1999).
Be causing harm of sustainable Control rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard, must use for reference both at home and abroad that walk the road of biological control, reasonable development, protection utilize local natural enemy resource in the successful experience of coccid aspect preventing and treating.Draw graceful qi pulse chalcid fly by investigation to Xishuangbanna rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard natural enemy time more than 2 years
Diversinervus elegansSilvestri is the main kind in the parasitic wasp, and all exists the whole year, be distributed widely in the rubber young growth and open and cut woods, and be to have one of parasite of application prospect (Wang Jinqiang etc., 2007) most.Graceful qi pulse chalcid fly belongs to Hymenoptera Hymenoptera, and Encytidae Encyrtidae is a rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard nymph in 2 age to the phase of striding, the endoparasitism honeybee (Xu Zhihong etc., 2004) in adult stage, and every the coccid in parasitic back sprouts wings and 1 ~ 11 of honeybee.This honeybee is a kind of lecanium parasitic wasp that the world extensively distributes, all there is report 32 countries and regions such as China, Australia, India, Argentina, Egypt, Hawaii, and the host coccid comprises 25 kinds of lecaniums such as rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard, brown soft wax a red-spotted lizard, tangerine soft wax a red-spotted lizard, ceroplastes floridensis, green continuous lecanium, the hard a red-spotted lizard of Japanese ball, coffee black bourch, black net pearl lecanium, olive pearl lecanium.For the research of this honeybee, concentrate on aspects such as its form, distribution, host and host crop both at home and abroad, do not see the artificial propagation utilization, also there is not the report of graceful qi pulse chalcid fly artificial fecundation method.
Abroad, breed encyrtid, as with potato set or sweet-scented oleander class plant feeding black a red-spotted lizard generally with potato set, sweet-scented oleander class plant or stripped american agave leaf breeding coccid, and then with coccid for the breeding of other kind encyrtids
Saissetia oleae(Olivier), then with the breeding of gained coccid
Metaphycus lounsburyi(Howard) or
M. helvolus(Compere); Or with the black a red-spotted lizard of american agave leaf breeding
S. oleae(Olivier) or brown soft a red-spotted lizard
Coccus hesperidumAnd then utilize coccid breeding encyrtid L.,
M. helvolus,
M. luteolus,
M. stanleyiWith
M. flavusAbove propagation method only limits to laboratory research, and production efficiency is low, is difficult to scale and produces in batches, and main cause is that nursery stock is easy to sick withering and causes coccid not reach the i.e. death of suitable size, thereby causes the breeding of parasitic wasp to be given up halfway; Moreover existing propagating materials is bulky, needs an airtight relatively environment to prevent the honeybee escape, makes that inoculation and collection parasitic wasp are not easy to operate, thereby makes large-scale production unlikely realize; At last, the management of nursery stock etc. has also increased breeding difficulty and cost in the breeding program.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the artificial fecundation method of a kind of graceful qi pulse chalcid fly, is propagating materials with the pumpkin, breeds rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard as vector, produces graceful qi pulse chalcid fly with rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard, and step is as follows:
⑴ the collection of parasitic wasp and vector rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard provenance: gather the branch that is attached with rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard in the open air, wherein the branch of the existing graceful qi pulse chalcid fly parasitism of part is put into the cage of collecting parasitic wasp together with coccid rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard, waits for the little bee eclosion of graceful qi pulse; With do not given over to vector on another part branch, be seeded in by the female coccid of rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard later stage of parasitism expand on the propagating materials pumpkin numerous;
⑵ breeding rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard: will raise shell as the coccid of vector and allow and just incubate nymph and climb on the propagating materials pumpkin surface, or do not lift shell etc. and just incubate nymph oneself and climb out of, promptly finish seeded process, under indoor natural conditions, cultivate, cultivate 35 ~ 50 days to coccid grow up to be 3 age nymph or adult, be used to inoculate parasitic wasp;
⑶ breed parasitic wasp: the graceful qi pulse chalcid fly that comes out sprouting wings is raised in the cage of collecting parasitic wasp, female drone proportion control is at 2 ~ 4 ︰ 1 in every cage, raise with 10% hydromel, be released in the bigger cage after 3 days with cage, the propagating materials pumpkin that simultaneously previous step has been cultivated rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard in rapid is put into same cage and is inoculated, the proportion control of queen bee and rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard is at 1 ︰ 5, treat after 1 ~ 3 day that encyrtid all is attached to and take out the propagating materials pumpkin when connecing on the honeybee cage wall rest, change to the propagating materials pumpkin that another is attached with vector, inoculate 1 ~ 3 day, and then abandon the encyrtid provenance after inoculating 1 ~ 2 pumpkin in proper order, with the propagating materials pumpkin that takes out be placed on cultivate 13 ~ 15 days under the indoor natural conditions after, cut off by the vector coccid of parasitism with blade, put into the mouth of pipe and collect bee pupa with the test tube of medical cotton jam-pack, bee pupa is cultivated under indoor natural conditions, treat to be gathered into honeybee after pupa is sprouted wings, reserve seed for planting simultaneously, do not let alone the continued growth procreation on the propagating materials, treat to utilize once more by the vector of parasitism.
Described natural conditions all are 15 ℃ ~ 35 ℃ of temperature, and relative moisture is 50% ~ 80%.
Described collection bee pupa test tube is the colourless transparent glass test tube of 7.5cm * Φ 1.2cm, and the mouth of pipe is plugged with medical cotton.
The present invention selects the material of pumpkin as breeding rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard for use, has following advantage: low price, can both conveniently buy throughout the year, little easy inoculation of volume and collection parasitic wasp, holding time length can supply many batches of breedings, it is many that thereby the big carrying of surface area coccid is measured big numerous honeybee quantity, need not the nursery stock management.Adopt the host of rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard, utilized natural host, help keeping the parasitic capacity of graceful qi pulse chalcid fly, guarantee field control effect, saved this operation of natural enemy insect kind rejuvenation as parasitic wasp; Rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard also have temp. and humidity wide accommodation, annual reproductive order of generation bee yield of many, per generations big, be easy to advantage such as large-scale breeding.Adopt the present invention can to breed in the realization anniversary, produce graceful qi pulse chalcid fly in batches, and it is low effectively to solve reproductive efficiency, the problem that the biological control supply and demand is untimely.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the artificial fecundation method flow chart of a kind of graceful qi pulse chalcid fly of the present invention's proposition.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment one:
⑴ the collection of parasitic wasp and vector rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard provenance:
In rubber nursery that caused harm by rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard or one-tenth plantation in age, clip is attached with the branch (wherein the part coccid is by graceful qi pulse chalcid fly parasitism) of coccid rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard, takes back indoor.Expand numerously on the propagating materials pumpkin with not given over to vector by the female coccid of rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard later stage of parasitism on the branch, being seeded in, another part coccid is put into the cage of collecting parasitic wasp together with branch, waits for the little bee eclosion of graceful qi pulse.
⑵ breed coccid: will raise shell as the female coccid of rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard of vector and be put on the pumpkin surface, just incubating nymph promptly can disperse to be fixed on the pumpkin, under the shell at least 1/3 ovum hatched be 1 age nymph for effective worm, put 30 effective worms approximately promptly to finish seeded process; Or do not lift the female coccid shell of rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard, and incubate nymph oneself at the beginning of waiting and climb out of, promptly finish seeded process attached to 5 ~ 10 of the female coccids of rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard on the branch.20 ℃ ~ 27 ℃ of temperature, relative moisture is to cultivate under 50% ~ 80% the indoor natural conditions, cultivate after 42 days, coccid promptly grown up to be 3 age nymph or adult, have 200 approximately, can be used to inoculate parasitic wasp.
⑶ breed parasitic wasp: the female drone that comes out is raised with cage in 2 ~ 4 ︰, 1 ratio with sprouting wings, raise with 10% hydromel, after 3 days 40 queen bees, 20 drones be inoculated on the pumpkin among the ⑵ with cage, the proportion control of queen bee and rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard is at 1 ︰ 5, treat after 2 days to change to another pumpkin when encyrtid all is attached on the cage wall rest, change to a pumpkin after 3 days again, after 3 days, take out pumpkin, abandon encyrtid kind honeybee source, the pumpkin that swaps out is placed under the indoor natural conditions cultivates.
Cultivate after 14 days, cut off by the coccid of parasitism with blade, with in its test tube of packing into to collect bee pupa, the test tube of collecting bee pupa is the colourless transparent glass test tube of 7.5cm * Φ 1.2cm, the mouth of pipe clogs with medical cotton, and bee pupa is cultivated under indoor natural conditions, begins honeybee after 6 days, reached the honeybee peak in 7 ~ 9 days, 3 pumpkins can go out about 3600 of honeybees altogether.
Embodiment two:
⑴ the collection of parasitic wasp and vector rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard provenance:
In the Japan that caused harm by rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard, clip is attached with the branch (wherein the part coccid is by graceful qi pulse chalcid fly parasitism) of rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard, takes back indoor.Expand numerously on the propagating materials with not given over to vector by the female coccid of rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard later stage of parasitism on the branch, being seeded in, another part coccid is put into the cage of collecting parasitic wasp together with branch, waits for the little bee eclosion of graceful qi pulse.
⑵ breed coccid: will raise shell as the coccid of vector and be put on the pumpkin surface, and just incubate nymph and promptly can disperse to be fixed on the pumpkin, under the shell at least 1/3 ovum hatched be 1 age nymph for effective worm, put 30 effective worms approximately promptly to finish seeded process; Or do not lift the female coccid shell of rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard, and incubate nymph oneself at the beginning of waiting and climb out of, promptly finish seeded process attached to 5 ~ 10 of female coccids on the branch.25 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ of temperature, relative moisture is to cultivate under 50% ~ 80% the indoor natural conditions, cultivate after 38 days, coccid promptly grown up to be 3 age nymph, have 250 approximately, can be used to inoculate parasitic wasp.
⑶ breed parasitic wasp: the female drone that comes out is raised with cage in 2 ~ 4 ︰, 1 ratio with sprouting wings, raise with 10% hydromel, with cage after 3 days with 50 queen bees, 20 drones are inoculated among the ⑵ on the pumpkin, and the proportion control of queen bee and rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard treats after 5,2 days that at 1 ︰ encyrtid changes to another pumpkin when all being attached on the cage wall rest, change to a pumpkin after 3 days again, after 3 days, take out pumpkin, abandon kind of a honeybee source, the pumpkin that swaps out is placed under the indoor natural conditions cultivates.
Cultivate after 13 days, cut off by the coccid of parasitism with blade, with in its test tube of packing into to collect bee pupa, the test tube of collecting bee pupa is the colourless transparent glass test tube of 7.5cm * Φ 1.2cm, the mouth of pipe clogs with medical cotton, and bee pupa is cultivated under indoor natural conditions, begins honeybee after 5 days, reached the honeybee peak in 6 ~ 8 days, 3 pumpkins can go out about 4500 of honeybees altogether.
Claims (3)
1. the artificial fecundation method of a graceful qi pulse chalcid fly, it is characterized in that: with the pumpkin is propagating materials, breeds rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard as vector, produces graceful qi pulse chalcid fly with rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard, step is as follows:
⑴ the collection of parasitic wasp and vector rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard provenance: gather the branch that is attached with rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard in the open air, wherein the branch of the existing graceful qi pulse chalcid fly parasitism of part is put into the cage of collecting parasitic wasp together with coccid rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard, waits for the little bee eclosion of graceful qi pulse; With do not given over to vector on another part branch, be seeded in by the female coccid of rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard later stage of parasitism expand on the propagating materials pumpkin numerous;
⑵ breeding coccid rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard: will raise shell as the coccid of vector and allow and just incubate nymph and climb on the propagating materials pumpkin surface, or do not lift shell etc. and just incubate nymph oneself and climb out of, promptly finish seeded process, under indoor natural conditions, cultivate, cultivate 35 ~ 50 days to coccid grow up to be 3 age nymph or adult, be used to inoculate parasitic wasp;
⑶ breed parasitic wasp: the graceful qi pulse chalcid fly that comes out sprouting wings is raised in the cage of collecting parasitic wasp, female drone proportion control is at 2 ~ 4 ︰ 1 in every cage, raise with 10% hydromel, be released in the bigger cage after 3 days with cage, the propagating materials pumpkin that simultaneously previous step has been cultivated rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard in rapid is put into same cage and is inoculated, the proportion control of queen bee and rubber helmet a red-spotted lizard is at 1 ︰ 5, treat after 1 ~ 3 day that encyrtid all is attached to and take out the propagating materials pumpkin when connecing on the honeybee cage wall rest, change to the propagating materials pumpkin that another is attached with vector, inoculate 1 ~ 3 day, and then abandon the encyrtid provenance after inoculating 1 ~ 2 pumpkin in proper order, with the propagating materials pumpkin that takes out be placed on cultivate 13 ~ 15 days under the indoor natural conditions after, cut off by the vector coccid of parasitism with blade, put into the mouth of pipe and collect bee pupa with the test tube of medical cotton jam-pack, bee pupa is cultivated under indoor natural conditions, treat to be gathered into honeybee after pupa is sprouted wings, reserve seed for planting simultaneously, do not let alone the continued growth procreation on the propagating materials, treat to utilize once more by the vector of parasitism.
2. the artificial fecundation method of a kind of graceful qi pulse chalcid fly according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described natural conditions all are 15 ℃ ~ 35 ℃ of temperature, and relative moisture is 50% ~ 80%.
3. the artificial fecundation method of a kind of graceful qi pulse chalcid fly according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described collection bee pupa test tube is the colourless transparent glass test tube of 7.5cm * Φ 1.2cm, and the mouth of pipe is plugged with medical cotton.
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| CN105145198A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-12-16 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Method for controlling coccidae injurious insects on rubber trees by using diversinervus elegans Silvestri and application |
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| CN113678790A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-23 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for optimizing Babylonia wasp population structure in host conversion mode |
| CN114451363A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-05-10 | 福建农林大学 | Artificial rapid propagation method for Iphigenia indica |
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