CN102015280B - 防飞散用膜及其制造方法 - Google Patents
防飞散用膜及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102015280B CN102015280B CN200980115176.9A CN200980115176A CN102015280B CN 102015280 B CN102015280 B CN 102015280B CN 200980115176 A CN200980115176 A CN 200980115176A CN 102015280 B CN102015280 B CN 102015280B
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Abstract
本发明提供防飞散用膜及其制造方法,所述防飞散用膜是在基材膜(W)的一个面上具有硬涂层、在另一个面上依次层叠粘接剂层及剥离片而成的,在所述硬涂层的整个表面,以固定的间距存在许多独立的凸部;所述膜的制造方法包含如下工序:利用涂布辊(11)涂布硬涂层形成材料(C),形成涂层后,使以固定的间距存在许多独立的凹部(3)的直径为5~15mm的压花棒(5)抵接所述涂层,同时使其相对于基材膜的流动方向正向旋转,由此在所述涂层的表面以固定的间距形成基本上与该凹部(3)对应的许多独立的凸部,接着使该涂层固化。当将所述膜作为建筑物的地震对策用粘贴在窗玻璃上时,可以抑制干涉条纹的产生。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及防飞散用膜及其制造方法。更详细而言,本发明涉及粘贴在建筑物的窗玻璃等上作为地震对策的、具有硬涂层且可抑制干涉条纹产生的防飞散用膜及其有效的制造方法。
背景技术
对于建筑物的窗玻璃而言,在因为地震等灾害损坏时,为了防止由玻璃碎片飞散带来的危险,大多粘贴防飞散用膜。
在此类防飞散用膜的表面,为了防止粘贴时损坏,一般设置0.5~5μm左右的硬涂层。对于该硬涂层,作为适合于薄膜涂布的涂布方法,大多利用将金属丝螺旋缠绕在棒上的棒式涂布来形成。
近年来,作为用于办公室等的照明的荧光灯,大多使用在人眼敏感度高的蓝、绿、红的波长具有峰值的3波长型,目前已认识到由硬涂层的厚度不均引起的干涉条纹。
由棒式涂布产生的厚度不均一般产生在基材的宽度方向,沿基材的流动连续产生。
在存在厚度不均的硬涂表面,如果照射蓝、绿、红的光,则在硬涂层表面反射的光和透过硬涂层、在与基材的界面反射的光发生干涉,对应于厚度的蓝、绿、红的光互相加强,可看到蓝、绿、红的干涉条纹。
由于不是3波长型的目前的照明包含连续的波长且各颜色的边界不明确,因此,几乎看不到干涉条纹。
为了抑制此类的干涉条纹,公开有以下方法:使在硬涂层和基材膜的界面反射的光漫反射的方法(例如参考专利文献1);使在硬涂层表面反射的光漫反射的方法(例如参考专利文献2)。但是,这些方法存在 膜漏白的缺点。
另外,公开了使硬涂层和基材膜的折射率相同以减少在其界面反射的光的方法(例如参考专利文献3),但该方法需要使用高价的树脂。
还有,作为使硬涂层厚度均匀的方法,公开了在干燥工序中利用稀释溶剂的急剧挥发来抑制厚度不均的方法(例如参考专利文献4),但该方法不能完全除去由涂布精度带来的厚度不均。
其实,由所述棒式涂布带来的厚度不均存在如下所示的3种。
(1)硬涂层形成用涂布液的流平差时,在棒上残留有缠绕的金属丝的痕迹,其结果,在整个面上沿流动方向产生宽度数百μm左右的干涉条纹。
(2)因基材膜松散而在棒和基材膜之间的间隙产生不均时,沿流动方向周期性产生宽度数cm左右的干涉条纹。
(3)因棒弯曲而在基材膜和棒之间的间隙产生不均时,沿流动方向周期性产生宽度数十cm左右的干涉条纹。
对于上述(1),通过改善涂布液的流平,大致可以完全抑制干涉条纹的产生,对于(2)及(3),不能完全抑制干涉条纹的产生。
[专利文献1]日本特开平8-197670号公报
[专利文献2]日本特开平10-282312号公报
[专利文献3]日本特开2003-213023号公报
[专利文献4]日本特开2005-290090号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
本发明的目的在于,基于此类情况,提供:粘贴在建筑物的窗玻璃等上作为地震对策的、具有硬涂层且可抑制干涉条纹的产生的防飞散用膜及其有效的制造方法。
用于解决课题的手段
本发明人为了实现所述目的而反复进行了潜心研究,结果得到如下所示的见解。
在具有硬涂层的防飞散用膜的该硬涂层表面的整个面上,以固定的间距形成由能量固化型材料构成的许多独立的凸部、优选特定形状的微小凸部,由此可使在凸部的外周产生的干涉条纹分散为微小的、肉眼不可识别的尺寸。
另外还发现,在基材膜的一个面上,利用涂布辊涂布硬涂层形成材料,形成涂层后,使具有特定的小直径且表面以固定的间距设有许多独立的凹部的压花棒抵接所述涂层,同时,使其相对基材膜正向旋转(顺向旋转),由此可在所述涂层的表面以固定的间距形成与该凹部对应的凸部,接着使该涂层固化,由此可高效得到可有效抑制干涉条纹产生的防飞散用膜。
本发明是基于这样的见解而完成的。
即,本发明提供:
[1]防飞散用膜,其为在基材膜的一个面上具有硬涂层、在另一面上依次层叠粘接剂层及剥离片而成的防飞散用膜,其特征在于,在所述硬涂层的整个表面,以固定的间距存在包含能量固化型材料的许多独立的凸部;
[2]如上述[1]项所述的防飞散用膜,其中,各凸部的高度为0.1~10μm,相邻的凸部间的间距(顶部中心点和顶部中心点的间隔)为100~500μm;
[3]如上述[1]或[2]项所述的防飞散用膜,其中,凸部形状为多棱锥体或圆锥体;
[4]如上述[1]~[3]项中任一项所述的防飞散用膜,其中,各凸部的底面面积为0.001~0.25mm2;
[5]如上述[1]~[4]项中任一项所述的防飞散用膜,其中,使用直径为5~15mm的压花棒(engraving rod),以固定的间距设置许多独立的凸部;
[6]如上述[1]~[5]项中任一项所述的防飞散用膜,其中,硬涂层是通过对使用能量固化型材料形成的涂层施加能量使其固化而形成的;
[7]上述[1]~[5]项中任一项所述的防飞散用膜的制造方法,其特征 在于,包含如下工序:在基材膜的一个面上,利用涂布辊涂布硬涂层形成材料,形成涂层后,使以固定的间距存在许多独立的凹部的直径为5~15mm的压花棒抵接所述涂层,同时使其相对于基材膜的流动方向正向(positive direction)旋转,由此在所述涂层的表面以固定的间距形成基本上与该凹部对应的许多独立的凸部,接着使该涂层固化;
[8]如上述[7]项所述的防飞散用膜的制造方法,其中,在压花棒上形成的凹部为相对于该棒的外周方向倾斜30~60度以等间隔排列而成;及
[9]如上述[7]或[8]项所述的防飞散用膜的制造方法,其中,硬涂层形成材料为能量固化型材料,对涂层施加能量,使该涂层固化。
发明效果
根据本发明,可以提供:粘贴在建筑物的窗玻璃等上作为地震对策的、具有硬涂层且可抑制干涉条纹产生的防飞散用膜及其有效的制造方法。
附图说明
Fig.1(a)表示本发明中使用的压花棒的1例的正面图、Fig.1(b)表示平面展开外周面的放大图、及Fig.1(c)表示其A-A剖面放大图;Fig.2表示在本发明的防飞散用膜的制造方法中,在用于形成硬涂层的固化前形成涂层的装置的1例的说明图。另外,图中符号0表示轴芯、1表示第1凸条、2表示第2凸条、3表示凹部、3a表示底面、3b表示侧壁面、5表示压花棒、6表示凹凸、7表示棒材料、11表示涂布辊、12表示供给盘、13表示贮存罐、14表示补给管道、15表示补给泵、17表示压花棒、18表示回收盘、19表示棒状固定器、20表示回收管道、21表示溢流管(overflow pipe)、22表示导向辊、W表示基材膜、C表示硬涂层形成材料。
具体实施方式
首先,说明本发明的防飞散用膜。
[防飞散用膜]
本发明的防飞散用膜为在基材膜的一个面上具有硬涂层、在另一面上依次层叠粘接剂层及剥离片的结构的层压膜,其特征在于,在所述硬涂层的整个表面,以固定的间距存在包含能量固化型材料的许多独立的微小凸部。
(基材膜)
对本发明的防飞散用膜中的基材膜没有特别限定,可以适当选择使用作为目前防飞散用膜的基材所使用的公知的膜中的任意的基材膜。作为该基材膜,可以举出例如:聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚4-甲基-1-戊烯、聚1-丁烯等聚烯烃类树脂;聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯等聚酯类树脂;聚碳酸酯类树脂、聚氯乙烯类树脂、聚苯硫醚类树脂、聚醚砜类树脂、聚乙烯硫醚类树脂、聚苯醚类树脂、苯乙烯类树脂、丙烯酸类树脂、聚酰胺类树脂、聚酰亚胺类树脂、醋酸纤维素等纤维素类树脂等构成的膜或这些基材膜的层压膜。
该基材膜可以是没有进行拉伸的膜,也可以是单轴拉伸处理或双轴拉伸处理而成的膜,作为其厚度没有特别限定,可以根据使用目的适当选择,通常为5~200μm、优选为10~100μm的范围。
另外,该基材膜优选为透明的膜,可以根据要求进行着色或蒸镀,另外也可以含有紫外线吸收剂、光稳定剂、抗氧化剂等。进而,以提高和其表面设置的层的密合性为目的,可以根据要求利用氧化法及凹凸法等对一面或两面实施表面处理。作为上述氧化法,可以举出例如电晕放电处理、等离子处理、铬酸处理(湿式)、火焰处理、热风处理、偶氮·紫外线照射处理等,另外,作为凹凸法,可以举出喷砂法、溶剂处理法等。可以根据基材膜的种类适当选择这些表面处理法,从效果及操作性等方面考虑,一般优选使用电晕放电处理法。另外,也可以设置等离子层。
(硬涂层)
在本发明的防飞散用膜中,在所述基材膜的一个面上设置硬涂层。对该硬涂层的形成材料没有特别限定,可以从目前形成防飞散用膜的 硬涂层所使用的材料中适当选择任意的材料。
<硬涂层形成材料>
在本发明中,作为硬涂层形成材料,可以优选使用能量固化型材料。该能量固化型材料是指通过施加热能或照射能量线而交联的材料。在此,能量线是在电磁波或荷电粒子线中具有能量子的射线,即,为紫外线或电子束等。
本发明中使用的能量固化型材料可以分为(1)能量线固化型材料和(2)热固型材料。
(1)能量线固化型材料
作为该能量线固化型材料,可以举出包含能量固化型化合物和根据要求的光聚合引发剂的材料等。
作为能量固化型化合物,可以举出能量固化型低聚物、能量固化型单体等。作为能量固化型低聚物,可以举出例如:聚酯丙烯酸酯类、环氧丙烯酸酯类、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯类、聚醚丙烯酸酯类、聚丁二烯丙烯酸酯类、有机硅丙烯酸酯类、能量固化型液状有机硅橡胶等。在此,作为聚酯丙烯酸酯类低聚物,可以通过例如将通过多元羧酸和多元醇缩合得到的两末端具有羟基的聚酯低聚物的羟基用(甲基)丙烯酸进行酯化来得到,或通过将在多元羧酸上加成环氧烷得到的低聚物的末端羟基用(甲基)丙烯酸进行酯化来得到。对于环氧丙烯酸酯类低聚物,可以通过例如使分子量比较低的双酚型环氧树脂及线性酚醛型环氧树脂的环氧乙烷环与(甲基)丙烯酸反应进行酯化来得到。另外,也可以使用将该环氧丙烯酸酯类低聚物用二元羧酸酐进行部分改性而成的羧基改性型的环氧丙烯酸酯低聚物。对于聚氨酯丙酸酯类低聚物,可以通过例如将通过聚醚多元醇或聚酯多元醇和聚异氰酸酯的反应得到的聚氨酯低聚物用(甲基)丙烯酸进行酯化来得到,对于多元醇丙烯酸酯类低聚物,可以通过将聚醚多元醇的羟基用(甲基)丙烯酸进行酯化来得到。
上述低聚物的重均分子量是利用GPC法测定的标准聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯换算的值,可在优选为500~100000、更优选为1000~70000、 进一步优选为3000~40000的范围内进行选定。
该低聚物可以单独使用1种,也可以组合使用2种以上。
作为能量固化型单体,可以举出例如:二(甲基)丙烯酸1,4-丁二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸1,6-己二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸新戊二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸聚乙二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸新戊二醇己二酸酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸羟基特戊酸新戊二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊烯酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸己内酯改性二环戊烯酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸环氧乙烷改性磷酸酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸烯丙基化环己酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸异氰脲酸酯、二羟甲基三环癸烷二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三(甲基)丙烯酸三羟甲基丙烷酯、三(甲基)丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯、三(甲基)丙烯酸丙酸改性二季戊四醇酯、三(甲基)丙烯酸季戊四醇酯、三(甲基)丙烯酸环氧丙烷改性三羟甲基丙烷酯、三(丙烯酰氧乙基)异氰脲酸酯、五(甲基)丙烯酸丙酸改性二季戊四醇酯、六(甲基)丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯、六(甲基)丙烯酸己内酯改性二季戊四醇酯等。这些单体可以使用一种,也可以组合使用2种以上。
另外,作为能量线,通常照射紫外线或电子束,照射紫外线时,可以使用光聚合引发剂。作为该光聚合引发剂,可以举出例如苯偶姻、苯偶姻甲醚、苯偶姻乙醚、苯偶姻异丙醚、苯偶姻正丁醚、苯偶姻异丁醚、苯乙酮、二甲基氨基苯乙酮、2,2-二甲氧基-2-苯基苯乙酮、2,2-二乙氧基-2-苯基苯乙酮、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基-1-丙酮、1-羟基环己基苯酮、2-甲基-1-[4-(甲硫基)苯基]-2-吗啉基-1-丙酮、4-(2-羟基乙氧基)苯基-2-(羟基-2-丙基)酮、二苯甲酮、对苯基二苯甲酮、4,4’-二乙基氨基二苯甲酮、二氯二苯甲酮、2-甲基蒽醌、2-乙基蒽醌、2-叔丁基蒽醌、2-氨基蒽醌、2-甲基噻吨酮、2-乙基噻吨酮、2-氯噻吨酮、2,4-二甲基噻吨酮、2,4-二乙基噻吨酮、苄基二甲基缩酮、苯乙酮二甲基缩酮、对二甲基氨基苯甲酸酯、低聚(2-羟基-2-甲基-1-[4-(1-丙烯基)苯基]丙酮)等。这些可以使用1种,也可以组合使用2种以上。
相对于上述的能量固化型化合物100质量份,光聚合引发剂的混合量通常为0.1~10质量份。
(2)热固型材料
另一方面,作为热固型材料,可以使用在所述能量线固化型材料中含有根据要求的热聚合引发剂代替光聚合引发剂而成的材料。
作为该热聚合引发剂,可以使用有机过氧化物及偶氮类化合物。作为有机过氧化物,可举出例如:过氧化二叔丁基、过氧化叔丁基异丙苯基、过氧化二异丙苯基等过氧化二烷基类;过氧化乙酰、过氧化月桂酰、过氧化苯甲酰等过氧化二酰基类;过氧化甲基乙基酮、过氧化环己酮、过氧化3,3,5-三甲基环己酮、过氧化甲基环己酮等过氧化酮类;1,1-双(过氧化叔丁基)环己烷等过氧化缩酮类;叔丁基过氧化氢、异丙苯过氧化氢、1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基过氧化氢、对薄荷烷过氧化氢、二异丙基苯过氧化氢、2,5-二甲基己烷-2,5-过氧化二氢等过氧化氢类;过氧化醋酸叔丁酯、过氧化(2-乙基己酸)叔丁酯、过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯、过氧化异丙基碳酸叔丁酯、过氧化-3,5,5-三甲基己酸叔丁酯等过氧化酯类等。
另外,作为偶氮化合物,可举出:2,2’-偶氮双(4-甲氧基-2,4-二甲基戊腈)、2,2’-偶氮双(2-环丙基丙腈)、2,2’-偶氮双(2,4-二甲基戊腈)、偶氮双异丁腈、2,2’-偶氮双(2-甲基丁腈)、1,1’-偶氮双(环己烷-1-腈)、2-(氨甲酰偶氮)异丁腈、2-苯基偶氮-4-甲氧基-2,4-二甲基戊腈等。
这些聚合引发剂可以单独使用1种,也可以组合使用2种以上。相对使用的能量固化型化合物100质量份,其混合量通常为0.1~10质量份。
(3)硬涂层形成材料的制备
通过在适当的溶剂中适当加入所述能量固化型化合物和根据要求的光聚合引发剂以及各种添加剂,例如光敏剂、阻聚剂、抗氧化剂、紫外线吸收剂、光稳定剂、流平剂、消泡剂等制备均匀溶液,可得到由能量线固化型材料组成的硬涂层形成材料。
另外,同样地通过在适当的溶剂中加入所述热固型化合物和根据要求的热聚合引发剂以及各种添加剂,例如阻聚剂、抗氧化剂、紫外线吸收剂、光稳定剂、均化剂、消泡剂等制备均匀溶液,可得到由热固型材料组成的硬涂层形成材料。
作为用于制备硬涂层形成材料的溶剂,可以举出例如:己烷、庚烷等脂肪族烃;甲苯、二甲苯等芳香族烃;二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷等卤化烃;甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇等醇;丙酮、甲基乙基酮、2-戊酮、异佛尔酮、环己酮等酮;醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯等酯;乙基溶纤剂等溶纤剂类溶剂;丙二醇单甲醚等甘醇醚类溶剂等。这些溶剂可以单独使用1种,也可以混合使用2种以上。
对于这样制备的硬涂层形成材料(能量线固化型材料、热固型材料)的固体成分浓度,从涂布性及后面说明的规定的微小凸部形状赋形性等观点考虑,优选为20~60质量%的范围,更优选为30~50质量%的范围。
<硬涂层的形成>
在本发明中,使用如上述操作得到的硬涂层形成材料(能量线固化型材料、热固型材料),如后述的防飞散用膜的制造方法中详述的那样,使用直径为5~15mm的压花棒,在所述基材膜的一个面上,形成以固定的间距形成有规定形状的许多独立的微小凸部的涂层,加热干燥该涂层后,施加能量使其固化,由此可以在整个表面形成以固定的间距存在规定形状的许多独立的微小凸部的硬涂层。
在通过施加能量进行涂层的固化中,使用能量线作为能量时,可使用所述的能量线固化型材料作为硬涂层形成材料,而且,作为能量线,通常可使用紫外线或电子束。紫外线可通过高压汞灯、无电极灯[例如FUSION UV SYSTEM制造]、氙灯等得到,另一方面,电子束可通过电子束加速器等得到。在该能量线中,特别优选紫外线。作为该能量线的照射量,可以适当选择,例如,在使用紫外线的情况下,以光量计优选为100~500mJ/cm2,在使用电子束的情况下,优选为10~1000krad左右。
另一方面,施加热能作为能量时,可使用所述的热固型材料作为硬涂层形成材料,然后在100~140℃左右的温度下进行1~5分钟左右的加热处理。
如此操作,可得到赋形为规定形状的硬涂层。
<硬涂层的形状>
对于本发明中的硬涂层,由于在其整个表面以固定的间距形成许多包含能量固化型材料的独立的微小凸部、且各凸部具有以下所示的形状,将干涉条纹分散成微小的、肉眼不可识别的尺寸,因此优选。
在本发明中,各凸部的高度(凸部的顶点到底面的距离)优选为0.1~10μm、更优选为0.5~8μm、进一步优选为0.8~5μm。另外,相邻的凸部间的间距(顶部中心点和顶部中心点的间隔)优选固定为100~500μm、更优选为130~300μm、进一步优选为150~250μm。
进而,作为各凸部的形状,优选为多棱锥体或圆锥体。作为多棱锥体,优选三棱锥体、四棱锥体及六棱锥体。另外,对于横截面形状,可以是各边相同的尺寸(正多棱锥体),也可以是各边不同的尺寸。另一方面,圆锥体的横截面形状可以为圆形、椭圆形的任一种。在这些形状中,从容易制作为了赋形为上述形状所使用的后述说明的压花棒的观点考虑,优选为正三棱锥体及正四棱锥体。
另外,所述多棱锥体或圆锥体相对底面的角度优选为30~60度左右。
在本发明中,各凸部的底面面积优选为0.001~0.25mm2、更优选为0.002~0.20mm2、进一步优选为0.003~0.15mm2。
另外,在本发明中,当凸部具有边缘部时,在形成硬涂层时,该边缘部往往不可避免地带有圆形,因此,该边缘部带有圆形的也包含在其形状中。硬涂层形成材料的涂布粘度低时,往往会使凸部平化而不能规定底面面积,但只要凸部高度在上述范围内,就可以使干涉条纹分散到凸部边缘,变成肉眼不可识别的尺寸。
对于此类硬涂层的赋形,在后述防飞散用膜的制造方法中进行说明。
(粘接剂层)
在本发明的防飞散用膜中,作为形成设置在基材膜的与所述硬涂层相反面的粘接剂层的粘接剂,没有特别限定,可以从目前防飞散用膜的粘接剂层中常用的粘接剂中适当选择使用任意的粘接剂。可以使 用例如丙烯酸类粘接剂、橡胶类粘接剂、硅酮类粘接剂、聚氨酯类粘接剂及聚酯类粘接剂等。这些粘接剂可以为乳胶型、溶剂型、无溶剂型的任一种。粘接剂层的厚度通常为1~300μm、优选为5~100μm左右。
在所述各种粘接剂中,从耐候性等方面考虑,优选丙烯酸类粘接剂。
对于使用该丙烯酸类粘接剂形成的粘接剂层,优选为由含有重均分子量为50万~200万左右、优选70万~170万的丙烯酸类树脂、且交联处理过的丙烯酸类粘接剂构成的层。只要重均分子量为上述范围,就可得到粘接力及保持力取得平衡的防飞散用膜。
需要说明的是,上述重均分子量是利用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)法测定的聚苯乙烯换算的值。
作为所述丙烯酸类粘接剂中含有的丙烯酸类树脂,可使用(甲基)丙烯酸酯类共聚物。作为该(甲基)丙烯酸酯类共聚物,可以优选举出酯部分的烷基的碳原子数为1~20的(甲基)丙烯酸酯、具有含活性氢官能团的单体和根据要求使用的其他单体的共聚物。
在此,作为酯部分的烷基的碳原子数为1~20的(甲基)丙烯酸酯的例子,可以举出:(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸戊酯、(甲基)丙烯酸己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸环己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十二烷基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十四烷基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十六烷基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十八烷基酯等。这些(甲基)丙烯酸酯可以单独使用,也可以2种以上组合使用。
另一方面,作为具有含活性氢的官能团的单体的例子,可以举出(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸3-羟基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸3-羟基丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸4-羟基丁酯等(甲基)丙烯酸羟基烷基酯;丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、N-甲基丙烯酰胺、N-甲基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、N-羟甲基甲基丙烯酰胺等丙烯酰胺类;(甲基)丙烯酸单甲氨基乙酯、 (甲基)丙烯酸单乙氨基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸单甲氨基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸单乙氨基丙酯等(甲基)丙烯酸单烷氨基烷基酯;丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丁烯酸、马来酸、衣康酸、柠康酸等烯性不饱和羧酸等。这些单体可以单独使用,也可以2种以上组合使用。
另外,作为根据要求使用的其他单体的例子,可以举出:乙酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯等乙烯基酯类;乙烯、丙烯、异丁烯等烯烃类;氯乙烯、偏氯乙烯等卤化烯烃类;苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯等苯乙烯类单体;丁二烯、异戊二烯、氯丁二烯等二烯类单体;丙烯腈、甲基丙烯腈等腈类单体;N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲基丙烯酰胺等N,N-二烷基取代丙烯酰胺类等。这些可以单独使用,也可以2种以上组合使用。
在该丙烯酸类粘接剂中,对于作为树脂成分使用的(甲基)丙烯酸酯类共聚物,其共聚方式没有特别限定,可以为无规共聚物、嵌段共聚物、接枝共聚物的任一种。
在本发明中,该(甲基)丙烯酸酯类共聚物可以单独使用1种,也可以2种以上组合使用。
作为该丙烯酸类粘接剂层,优选进行过交联处理的粘接剂层,作为在该交联处理中使用的交联剂,没有特别限定,可以从目前丙烯酸类粘接剂中作为交联剂而常用的交联剂中适当选择使用任意的粘接剂。作为此类交联剂,可举出例如:聚异氰酸酯化合物、环氧化合物、三聚氰胺树脂、尿素树脂、二醛类、羟甲基聚合物、金属螯合物、金属醇盐、金属盐等,优选使用聚异氰酸酯化合物或环氧化合物。
在本发明中,该交联剂可以单独使用1种,也可以2种以上组合使用。另外,其用量因交联剂的种类而异,相对所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯类共聚物100质量份,可在通常为0.01~20质量份、优选为0.1~10质量份的范围内选定。
另外,在该丙烯酸类粘接剂中,可以根据要求添加增粘剂、抗氧化剂、紫外线吸收剂、光稳定剂、软化剂、硅烷偶联剂、填充剂等。
在本发明中,可以使用目前公知的方法,例如棒涂法、刮刀涂布 法、辊涂法、刮板涂布法、模具涂布法(die coating process)、凹版涂布法等,将所述粘接剂直接涂布在基材膜的与硬涂层侧相反的面上,在30~100℃左右的温度进行30秒~5分钟左右的加热干燥处理来设置粘接剂层,在其上粘贴剥离片。
另外,可以在所述剥离片的剥离剂层面上,将粘接剂和上述同样操作进行涂布、干燥来设置粘接剂层后,将其粘贴在基材膜的与硬涂层相反的面上,转印该粘合剂层,做成剥离片直接粘贴的状态。
作为所述剥离片,可以举出例如:薄半透明纸、铜版纸、道林纸(woodfree paper)等纸基材;在这些纸基材上层压聚乙烯等热塑性树脂而成的层压纸;或在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯等聚酯膜、聚丙烯或聚乙烯等聚烯烃膜等塑料膜上涂布剥离剂而成的膜等。作为剥离剂,可以使用硅酮类、氟类、长链烷基类等,其中,优选廉价且可得到稳定性能的硅酮类。对该剥离片的厚度没有特别限定,通常为20~250μm左右。
接下来,说明本发明的防飞散用膜的制造方法。
[防飞散用膜的制造方法]
本发明的防飞散用膜的制造方法(以下有时仅略称为本发明的制造方法)是制造上述本发明的防飞散膜的方法,其特征在于,包含如下工序:在基材膜的一个面上,利用涂布辊涂布硬涂层形成材料,形成涂层后,使以固定的间距存在许多独立的凹部的直径为5~15mm的压花棒抵接所述涂层,同时使其相对于基材膜的流动方向正向旋转(顺向旋转),由此在所述涂层的表面以固定的间距形成基本上与该凹部对应的许多独立的微小凸部,接着使该涂层固化。
(压花棒)
在本发明的制造方法中,对于在基材膜的一个面上利用涂布辊涂布硬涂层形成材料设置的涂层,为了赋予上述规定形状,可使用直径为5~15mm的压花棒。直径不足5mm时,因棒弯曲而难以涂布,压花棒的直径超过15mm时,由于压花棒以小角度离开该涂层表面,因此,因涂层的表面张力的影响而难以形成凹部。
使该压花棒抵接所述涂层,同时使其相对于基材膜的流动方向正向旋转(顺向旋转),由此可在该涂层的整个表面以固定的间距形成如上所述的许多独立的微小凸部。压花棒的旋转速度需要和基材膜的流动速度一致,但只要压花棒的直径为15mm以下,则由于压花棒和涂层表面接触的时间短、且以大角度离开,因此不容易受涂层的表面张力的影响,即使旋转速度和基材膜的流动不一致,也可以形成微小凸部。
根据所述凸部的形状,在该压花棒的表面以固定的间距设置许多独立的凹部,并且该凹部的形状因所述凸部形状而基本上成为下述形状。
在本发明中,各凹部的深度优选为10~100μm、更优选为20~90μm、进一步优选为40~80μm。另外,相邻的凹部间的间距(底面部中心点和底面部中心点的间隔)优选为100~500μm、更优选为130~300μm、进一步优选为150~250μm。
进而,作为各凹部的形状,优选为倒多棱锥体、倒圆锥体。作为倒多棱锥体,优选倒三棱锥体、倒四棱锥体及倒六棱锥体。另外,对于横截面形状,可以是各边相同的尺寸(倒正多棱锥体)、也可以是各边不同的尺寸。另一方面,倒圆锥体的横截面形状可以为圆形、椭圆形的任一种。在这些形状中,从容易制作压花棒的观点考虑,优选为倒正三棱锥体及倒正四棱锥体。
另外,所述倒多棱锥体及倒圆锥体相对底面的角度优选为120~150度左右。
在本发明中,各凹部的开口部面积优选为0.01~0.25mm2、更优选为0.015~0.09mm2、进一步优选为0.02~0.06mm2。
另外,对于在压花棒上形成的凹部,优选相对该棒的外周方向(旋转方向),倾斜30~60度左右以等间距排列。与旋转方向一致时,可能会相对基材膜的流动方向形成不独立的筋状凸部。
使用此类压花棒,在硬涂层的整个表面设置基本上与该压花棒的凹部对应的独立的固定的间距的微小凸部,由此可使干涉条纹分散为 微小条纹,可以变为肉眼不可识别的尺寸。
Fig.1(a)~Fig.1(c)为表示本发明中使用的压花棒的1个例子的图,Fig.1(a)为从和轴芯0成直角的方向观察的正面图,Fig.1(b)表示平面展开压花棒的外周面的放大图,Fig.1(c)为上述Fig.1(b)中的A-A截面的放大图。该压花棒5的凹凸6是在圆柱形状的棒材料7的外周面以各自等间隔平行的许多直线状的第1凸条1、第2凸条2格子状相交的形状。由此,在这些的第1凸条1、第2凸条2包围的部分以在压花棒5的轴方向及周方向均等分布的方式独立形成许多角形的凹部3。在该例子中,由许多第1凸条1构成第1凸条组,由许多第2凸条2构成第2凸条组,Fig.1(b)中以右下方的一点划线表示的直线为第1凸条1的中心线、以右下方的二点划线表示的直线为第2凸条2的中心线。
第1凸条1成为相对棒材料7的轴芯0以扭转角α1向右扭转的多条螺纹牙状,第2凸条2成为以扭转角α2向与第1凸条1扭转方向相反方向(向左)扭转的多条螺纹牙状。该例子中,扭转角α1=45°、α2=-45°,第1凸条1及第2凸条2垂直相交。另外,第1凸条1及第2凸条2的间隔相等。凹部3的开口形状为正方形。
凹部3成为相对开口部的1边的长度L的深度d为0.5L以下、具有平坦底面3a的正方形形状。该例中,1边的长度L约为0.2mm,深度d约为0.06mm,d=0.3L。另外,凹部3的最大的开口宽度w以正方形的对角线的长度计, d≒0.21w。上述底面3a为大略平面。
另外,正方形的凹部3的4个侧壁面3b均为依照面向底面3a以固定在30°~60°的范围内的倾斜角β向内侧倾斜的倾斜面,在该例子中,使其以β=45°倾斜。即,该例子的凹部3成为横截面为正方形的倒正四棱锥体,各侧壁面3b和底面3a相交的角部的内角为135°的钝角。
另一方面,所述第1凸条1及第2凸条2具有相同宽度尺寸t,该例子中t≒0.04mm=0.2L。另外,在本例中,相邻的凹部间的间距(底面部中心点和底面部中心点的间隔)L+t≒0.24mm,进而,在该例子中,凹部的开口部面积约为0.04mm2。
(硬涂层的形成)
本发明的制造方法中,如下所述进行硬涂层的形成。
在基材膜的一个面上,利用涂布辊涂布硬涂层形成材料,形成涂层之后,使所述的压花棒抵接所述涂层,同时使其相对基材膜的流动方向正向旋转(顺向旋转),由此在所述涂层表面以固定的间距形成基本上与该压花棒的凹部对应的许多独立的微小凸部,接下来使该涂层固化,由此可以形成硬涂层。
Fig.2为表示在本发明的防飞散用膜的制造方法中,在用于形成硬涂层的固化前形成涂层的装置的1例的说明图。
Fig.2中,在以使其从左侧向右侧通过的方式水平搬运的基材膜W的正下方,设置通过没有图示的辊驱动电动机驱动的Fig.2中的向右驱动旋转的涂布辊11,成为其上端贯穿基材膜W的总宽度接触其里面的状态。涂布辊11的下端部位于供给硬涂层形成材料C的供给盘12内,成为浸渍在贮存于该供给盘12中的硬涂层形成材料C中的状态。由此,通过在搬运基材膜W的同时驱动旋转涂布辊11,可使贮存于供给盘12中的硬涂层形成材料C过量涂布在基材膜W的整个里面。
供给盘12和贮存补给该供给盘12的硬涂层形成材料C的硬涂层形成材料贮存罐13经由补给管道14成为连通状态,在该补给管道14上安装有用于将硬涂层形成材料贮存罐13内的该材料补给到供给盘12中的补给泵15。另外,为了在使贮存在供给盘12中的硬涂层形成材料C的液面高度保持固定的同时除去在该材料C的液面浮游的气泡,在供给盘12上设置连通硬涂层形成材料贮存罐13的溢流管21。补给泵15随着利用涂布辊11从供给盘12向基材膜W供给硬涂层形成材料C而启动,使多余的硬涂层形成材料C从溢流管21返回到硬涂层形成材料贮存罐13中,由此可使供给盘12中贮存的硬涂层形成材料C的液面高度保持固定。
在与涂布辊11相比为基材膜W的搬运方向的下游侧,设置利用棒驱动电动机(无图示)驱动的Fig.2中的向右驱动旋转的压花棒17,进而在夹持基材膜W的压花棒17的相对侧设置一对导向辊22。该一对导向辊22位于压花棒17的上游侧和下游侧,成为通过该一对导向辊22使压花棒17的上端贯穿基材膜W的总宽度稳定接触其里面的状态。
利用涂布辊11将过量涂布在基材膜W的里面的硬涂层形成材料C控制为规定膜厚,同时,用于在整个涂层表面设置规定的独立的固定的间距的微小凸部的压花棒17被具有V型块状截面的棒状托座19以可相对自由旋转的方式支撑,所述棒状托座19从设置在压花棒17下方的硬涂层形成材料回收盘18向上方突出。硬涂层形成材料回收盘18和所述硬涂层形成材料贮存罐13经由回收管道20连通,因此通过压花棒17从基材膜W的里面挂掉的硬涂层形成材料C流入位于其正下方的硬涂层形成材料回收盘18内,从回收管道20返回到硬涂层形成材料贮存罐13中。
通过该操作,对于在基材膜的一个面上设置的未固化涂层,在加热干燥后,通过照射能量线使其固化或使其热固化,成为整个表面以固定的间距存在许多独立的微小凸部的硬涂层。
通过本发明的方法得到的具有硬涂层的防飞散用膜,通过在该硬涂层的整个表面以固定的间距设置许多独立的微小凸部,可以使干涉条纹分散为微小的、肉眼不可识别的尺寸,可以有效地抑制干涉条纹的产生。
另外,由于没有象以往那样由折射率不同的填充物或非相容的树脂形成微小凸部,因此不会增加内部雾度值,故没有发现白浊。
根据本发明的方法,可以利用目前的硬涂层形成材料及棒式涂布机。
实施例
接下来,利用实施例进一步详细地说明本发明,但本发明并不受 这些实施例的任何限定。
需要说明的是,对于防飞散用膜的干涉条纹,根据下述标准进行评价。
<干涉条纹的评价>
将样品的硬涂层向上,重叠在黑色丙烯酸树脂板上,使用3波长型荧光灯,依照下述标准对干涉条纹进行评价。
○:未发现干涉条纹
×:发现宽度数cm以上的干涉条纹。
实施例1
(1)粘接剂组合物的制备
通过将丙烯酸2-乙基己酯75质量%、醋酸乙烯酯23质量%及丙烯酸2质量%进行自由基聚合,得到以33质量%的浓度包含具有羧基的丙烯酸酯共聚物(重均分子量60万)的醋酸乙酯溶液。接下来,在该醋酸乙酯溶液100质量份中,加入铝配位化合物[综研化学株式会社制造,“M-5A”、三乙酰丙酮铝、固体成分4.95质量%]0.5质量份及紫外线吸收剂[千叶特殊品化学公司制造、“CGL777MPAD”、三(羟基苯基)三嗪化合物、固体成分80质量%]4.0质量份,制备粘接剂组合物。
(2)硬涂层形成材料的制备
均匀混合甲苯150质量份、作为能量线固化型单体的二季戊四醇五丙烯酸酯[Sartmer Japan公司制造、商品名“Sartmer SR399E”]100质量份、光聚合引发剂[千叶特殊品化学公司制造、Irgacure 651]5质量份,制备包含硬涂层形成材料的涂布液。
(3)防飞散用膜的制备
作为压花棒,使用表面以间距240μm具有包含Fig.1所示形状的深度60μm、一个边为200μm的倒正四棱锥体(开口部面积:0.04mm2、侧面和底面的角度:45度)的许多凹部的直径为6mm的棒,使用Fig.2所示的涂布装置,在基材膜的一个面上,如下所示涂布上述(2)得到的涂布液。需要说明的是,作为基材膜,使用厚度为50μm的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯[三菱化学聚酯膜公司制造,商品名“T600E”]。
即,在以速度30m/分钟流动的基材膜的一个面上,使用线数120根/英寸、直径为200mm的涂布辊转印涂布液后,使上述压花棒抵接涂层面,同时使其以相对基材膜的行进方向顺向旋转的方式以旋转速度50转/分钟旋转,将压花棒的凹部转印在该涂层面上,形成基本上与其凹部对应的凸部。
然后,在70℃进行1分钟干燥处理后,利用高压汞灯在照度400mW/cm2、光量125mJ/cm2的条件下对该涂层面照射紫外线,使该涂层固化形成硬涂层。该硬涂层的厚度(从凸部的底面到基材膜表面的距离)为1.7μm、凸部的高度(从凸部的顶部到底面的距离)为1.2μm。
另一方面,在厚度为38μm的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯膜的表面设置硅酮树脂的剥离剂层而成的剥离膜的该剥离剂层面,以干燥厚度为15μm的方式涂布上述(1)得到的粘接剂组合物。在100℃干燥1分钟,制作带剥离膜的粘接剂层。
接下来,将该带剥离膜的粘接剂层粘贴在与所述基材膜的硬涂层相反面上,制作防飞散用膜。
将该防飞散用膜的性能评价结果示于表1。
比较例1
在实施例1(3)中,代替压花棒,使用缠绕有直径为0.2mm的金属丝的直径为6mm的棒,除此以外,和实施例1同样操作,制作防飞散用膜。
将该防飞散用膜的性能评价结果示于表1。
表1
干涉条纹的评价 | |
实施例1 | ○ |
比较例1 | × |
对使用缠绕有金属丝的棒形成硬涂层的比较例1的防飞散用膜而言,发现宽度数cm的干涉条纹,但对使用压花棒形成硬涂层的本发明的防飞散用膜而言,没有发现干涉条纹。
产业上的利用可能性
对于本发明的防飞散用膜,通过在硬涂层的整个表面以固定的间距形成许多独立的特定形状的微小凸部,可使干涉条纹分散为微小的、肉眼不可识别的尺寸,可以有效抑制干涉条纹的产生。
Claims (2)
1.防飞散用膜的制造方法,其特征在于,包含如下工序:在基材膜的一个面上,利用涂布辊过量涂布具有20~60质量%的固体成分浓度的硬涂层形成材料溶液,形成包含所述溶剂的未固化的涂层后,使以固定的间距存在许多独立的凹部的直径为5~15mm的压花棒抵接包含所述溶剂的未固化的涂层,同时使其相对于基材膜的流动方向正向旋转,通过上述压花棒从基材膜的里面刮掉所述未固化的涂层,由此在包含所述溶剂的未固化的涂层的表面以固定的间距形成基本上与该凹部对应的许多独立的凸部之后,加热干燥包含所述溶剂的未固化的涂层,接着对该未固化的涂层照射能量线而使固化;
所述硬涂层形成材料溶液含有能量线固化型化合物和选自己烷、庚烷、甲苯、二甲苯、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、丙酮、甲基乙基酮、2-戊酮、异佛尔酮、环己酮、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、乙基溶纤剂、以及丙二醇单甲醚的至少一种的溶剂;
所述涂布辊位于所述基材膜的正下方的、用于供给所述硬涂层形成材料溶液的供给盘内。
2.如权利要求1所述的防飞散用膜的制造方法,其中,在压花棒上形成的凹部相对该棒的外周方向倾斜30~60度以等间隔排列而成。
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US (1) | US20110027514A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2266790B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5214311B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20100134692A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102015280B (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI458632B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2009128551A1 (zh) |
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KR101271867B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-20 | 2013-06-07 | (주)엘지하우시스 | 전기적 특성 및 내후성이 우수한 글래스 비산 방지 필름 및 그 제조 방법 |
KR101302916B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-20 | 2013-09-06 | (주)엘지하우시스 | 광학적 특성 및 전기적 특성이 우수한 글래스 비산 방지 필름 및 그 제조 방법 |
KR101864922B1 (ko) | 2015-02-05 | 2018-06-05 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비산 방지 필름 및 이의 제조방법 |
KR20160096403A (ko) | 2015-02-05 | 2016-08-16 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비산 방지 필름 및 이의 제조방법 |
KR101941110B1 (ko) | 2015-02-05 | 2019-01-22 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비산 방지 필름 및 이의 제조방법 |
KR20160127533A (ko) | 2015-04-27 | 2016-11-04 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비산 방지 필름 및 이의 제조방법 |
KR101943472B1 (ko) | 2015-04-27 | 2019-04-17 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비산 방지 필름 및 이의 제조방법 |
KR20160150499A (ko) | 2015-06-22 | 2016-12-30 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 도전성 필름 |
KR102040461B1 (ko) | 2015-06-22 | 2019-11-05 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 도전성 필름 |
KR102118368B1 (ko) | 2015-07-29 | 2020-06-03 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 도전성 필름용 조성물 |
KR102118369B1 (ko) | 2015-07-29 | 2020-06-03 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 도전성 필름용 조성물 |
KR102017272B1 (ko) | 2015-09-18 | 2019-09-03 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비산 방지 필름 |
KR20170034044A (ko) | 2015-09-18 | 2017-03-28 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비산 방지 필름 |
KR102017277B1 (ko) | 2015-09-18 | 2019-09-03 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비산 방지 필름 |
KR102126678B1 (ko) | 2015-09-18 | 2020-06-25 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비산 방지 필름 |
JP6666685B2 (ja) * | 2015-10-21 | 2020-03-18 | リンテック株式会社 | ウインドーフィルム |
KR102563743B1 (ko) * | 2016-11-11 | 2023-08-08 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 보호 커버 및 이를 포함하는 표시 장치 |
JP6781092B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-29 | 2020-11-04 | 日本ピラー工業株式会社 | コーティング基材 |
WO2021107000A1 (ja) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-06-03 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 積層体、積層体の製造方法、積層用フィルム、画像表示装置 |
JP7555794B2 (ja) | 2020-03-26 | 2024-09-25 | セーレン株式会社 | ガラス飛散防止用シート |
EP4415968A1 (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2024-08-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Decorative film for a vehicle interior and anti-scatter film |
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- 2009-04-13 WO PCT/JP2009/057810 patent/WO2009128551A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-04-13 KR KR1020107023703A patent/KR20100134692A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-04-13 CN CN200980115176.9A patent/CN102015280B/zh active Active
- 2009-04-13 TW TW098112139A patent/TWI458632B/zh active
- 2009-04-13 EP EP09732960.1A patent/EP2266790B1/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2266790B1 (en) | 2016-11-23 |
EP2266790A4 (en) | 2012-10-17 |
JP5214311B2 (ja) | 2013-06-19 |
US20110027514A1 (en) | 2011-02-03 |
CN102015280A (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
TWI458632B (zh) | 2014-11-01 |
TW201002525A (en) | 2010-01-16 |
JP2009255351A (ja) | 2009-11-05 |
EP2266790A1 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
KR20100134692A (ko) | 2010-12-23 |
WO2009128551A1 (ja) | 2009-10-22 |
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