WO2021200655A1 - 反射フィルム、ウインドシールドガラスおよびヘッドアップディスプレイシステム - Google Patents

反射フィルム、ウインドシールドガラスおよびヘッドアップディスプレイシステム Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021200655A1
WO2021200655A1 PCT/JP2021/012863 JP2021012863W WO2021200655A1 WO 2021200655 A1 WO2021200655 A1 WO 2021200655A1 JP 2021012863 W JP2021012863 W JP 2021012863W WO 2021200655 A1 WO2021200655 A1 WO 2021200655A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
reflective film
polarized light
liquid crystal
light
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PCT/JP2021/012863
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
昭裕 安西
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Fujifilm Corp
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Fujifilm Corp
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Priority to JP2022512118A priority Critical patent/JP7454649B2/ja
Priority to EP21778903.1A priority patent/EP4130812A4/en
Priority to CN202180023303.3A priority patent/CN115315646B/zh
Publication of WO2021200655A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021200655A1/ja
Priority to US17/956,512 priority patent/US11860361B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
    • B60K35/23—Head-up displays [HUD]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3016—Polarising elements involving passive liquid crystal elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/20—Optical features of instruments
    • B60K2360/23—Optical features of instruments using reflectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/20—Optical features of instruments
    • B60K2360/25—Optical features of instruments using filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/20—Optical features of instruments
    • B60K2360/33—Illumination features
    • B60K2360/334—Projection means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/60—Structural details of dashboards or instruments
    • B60K2360/66—Projection screens or combiners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/77—Instrument locations other than the dashboard
    • B60K2360/785—Instrument locations other than the dashboard on or in relation to the windshield or windows
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
    • B60K35/22—Display screens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/011—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for correcting geometrical aberrations, distortion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
    • G02B2027/012—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility comprising devices for attenuating parasitic image effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B2027/0192—Supplementary details
    • G02B2027/0194—Supplementary details with combiner of laminated type, for optical or mechanical aspects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a reflective film that can be used as a combiner of a head-up display system, and a windshield glass and a head-up display system having this reflective film.
  • head-up display or head-up display system that projects an image on the windshield glass of a vehicle or the like and provides the driver or the like with various information such as a map, a running speed, and the state of the vehicle.
  • various information such as a map, a running speed, and the state of the vehicle.
  • a virtual image of an image including the above-mentioned various information projected on the windshield glass is observed by a driver or the like.
  • the image formation position of the virtual image is located on the front side outside the vehicle from the windshield glass.
  • the image formation position of the virtual image is usually 1000 mm or more on the front side of the windshield glass, and is located on the outside world side of the windshield glass.
  • the head-up display system can be configured by forming a half mirror film (reflective film) on the windshield glass.
  • a half mirror film reflective film
  • Patent Document 1 is a half mirror for displaying projected images, which includes a selective reflection layer that selectively reflects light, and has a central wavelength of selective reflection at the shortest wavelength in the visible light wavelength range in the half mirror.
  • the half mirror for displaying projected images described in Patent Document 1 described above is incorporated in, for example, windshield glass to form a head-up display system.
  • the windshield glass (combiner) that constitutes the head-up display system is required to have high visible light transmittance and to be able to visually recognize the image even when the driver wears polarized sunglasses.
  • polarized sunglasses have a function of cutting s-polarized light. Therefore, by wearing polarized sunglasses, the glare of reflected light due to the hood of an oncoming vehicle or a puddle, which hinders driving, disappears.
  • the projected image display half mirror described in Patent Document 1 reflects p-polarized light in order to display the projected image with p-polarized light. Therefore, the image of the head-up display system can be visually recognized even when wearing polarized sunglasses that cut s-polarized light.
  • the half mirror for displaying a projected image described in Patent Document 1 may have a linearly polarized light reflecting layer in which thin films having different refractive index anisotropy are laminated as a selective reflecting layer that reflects light having a selective reflecting wavelength. Have been described.
  • a head-up display that reflects P-polarized light
  • a reflective film having a linearly polarized light reflecting layer is incorporated in the windshield
  • a double image is generated when viewed from an oblique direction.
  • a head-up display with a wide viewing angle increases the problem of double images.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a reflective film capable of suppressing a double image of a displayed image, a windshield glass using this reflective film, and a head-up display system.
  • the polarization conversion layer is a retardation layer, the front retardation at a wavelength of 550 nm is 30 nm to 200 nm, and the angle between the direction of the slow axis and the direction of the transmission axis of the linearly polarized light reflecting layer is 35.
  • the polarization conversion layer is a layer in which the spiral orientation structure of the liquid crystal compound is fixed, and the number of pitches x of the spiral orientation structure and the film thickness y (unit: ⁇ m) of the polarization conversion layer are the following relational expressions.
  • the polarization conversion layer is a retardation layer, the front retardation at a wavelength of 550 nm is 50 nm to 120 nm, and the angle between the direction of the slow axis and the direction of the transmission axis of the linearly polarized light reflection layer.
  • the reflective film according to any one of [1] to [3] and It has a first curved glass and a second curved glass that sandwich a reflective film, A windshield glass in which a linearly polarized light reflecting layer, a polarizing conversion layer, and a first curved glass are laminated in this order from the convex side of the second curved glass.
  • the windshield glass according to [4] and A head-up display system comprising a projector that irradiates p-polarized projected image light from the second curved glass side of the windshield glass.
  • a reflective film capable of suppressing a double image of a displayed image.
  • light means visible light and natural light (unpolarized light) unless otherwise specified.
  • Visible light is light having a wavelength that can be seen by the human eye among electromagnetic waves, and usually indicates light in the wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm.
  • Invisible light is light in a wavelength region of less than 380 nm or in a wavelength region of more than 780 nm.
  • B blue
  • G green
  • R red
  • the "visible light transmittance” is the A light source visible light transmittance defined in JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) R 3212: 2015 (safety glass test method for automobiles). That is, the transmittance of each wavelength in the wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm is measured with a spectrophotometer using the A light source, and the transmittance is obtained from the wavelength distribution and wavelength interval of the CIE (International Lighting Commission) light adaptation standard luminous efficiency. It is the transmittance obtained by multiplying the transmittance at each wavelength by the weighted coefficient and averaging the weight.
  • the term "reflected light” or “transmitted light” is used to include scattered light and diffracted light.
  • P-polarized light means polarized light that oscillates in a direction parallel to the incident surface of light.
  • the incident surface means a surface perpendicular to the reflecting surface (such as the surface of the windshield glass) and containing the incident light rays and the reflected light rays.
  • the vibration plane of the electric field vector is parallel to the entrance plane.
  • the front phase difference is a value measured using AxoScan manufactured by Axometrics. Unless otherwise specified, the measurement wavelength is 550 nm.
  • the measurement wavelength is 550 nm.
  • a value measured by KOBRA 21ADH or WR (manufactured by Oji Measuring Instruments Co., Ltd.) in which light having a wavelength within the visible light wavelength range is incident in the film normal direction can also be used.
  • the wavelength selection filter can be replaced manually, or the measured value can be converted by a program or the like for measurement.
  • Projection image means an image based on the projection of light from a projector to be used, not the surrounding landscape such as the front.
  • the projected image is observed as a virtual image that appears above the reflective film of the windshield glass when viewed from the observer.
  • the “screen image” means an image displayed on a drawing device of a projector or an image drawn on an intermediate image screen or the like by the drawing device. In contrast to a virtual image, the image is a real image.
  • the image and the projected image may be a monochromatic image, a multicolored image of two or more colors, or a full-color image.
  • the reflective film of the present invention It has a linearly polarized light reflecting layer in which an optically anisotropic layer and an isotropic layer are laminated, and a polarization conversion layer.
  • the polarization conversion layer is a reflective film that satisfies any of the following.
  • the polarization conversion layer is a retardation layer, the front retardation is 30 nm to 200 nm, and the angle between the direction of the slow axis and the direction of the transmission axis of the linearly polarized light reflection layer is within 35 °.
  • a certain (B) polarization conversion layer is a layer in which the spiral orientation structure of the liquid crystal compound is fixed, and the number of pitches x of the spiral orientation structure and the thickness y (unit: ⁇ m) of the polarization conversion layer satisfy all of the following relational expressions.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of the reflective film of the present invention.
  • the reflective film 10 has a linearly polarized light reflecting layer 12 in which optically anisotropic layers 12a and isotropic layers 12b are alternately laminated, and a polarization conversion layer 11.
  • Linearly polarized light reflecting layer 12 has a refractive index n e1 in the slow axis direction of the optically anisotropic layer 12a is larger than the refractive index n o2 of the isotropic layer 12b, a slow axis of the optically anisotropic layer 12a refractive index n o1 orthogonal directions is substantially the same as the refractive index n o2 of the isotropic layer 12b.
  • the slow axes of the plurality of optically anisotropic layers 12a are laminated so as to be parallel to each other.
  • a film in which layers having a low refractive index (low refractive index layer) and layers having a high refractive index (high refractive index layer) are alternately laminated has a structural structure between a large number of low refractive index layers and a high refractive index layer. It is known that interference reflects light of a specific wavelength. Therefore, the linearly polarized light reflecting layer reflects the linearly polarized light in the slow axis direction (the direction having a high refractive index) of the optically anisotropic layer 12a and transmits the linearly polarized light in the direction orthogonal to the slow axis.
  • the linearly polarized light reflecting layer 12 is a layer that selectively reflects linearly polarized light in a specific wavelength range.
  • the linearly polarized light reflecting layer 12 preferably exhibits selective reflection in a part of the visible light wavelength region.
  • the linearly polarized light reflecting layer 12 may reflect light for displaying a projected image, for example.
  • the reflective film 10 may have a configuration having a plurality of linearly polarized light reflecting layers 12 according to each wavelength range.
  • the linearly polarized light reflecting layer 12 can transmit non-reflecting linearly polarized light. Therefore, since the reflective film 10 has the linearly polarized light reflecting layer 12, it is possible to transmit a part of light even in the wavelength range where the linearly polarized light reflecting layer 12 reflects. Therefore, it is preferable because the color of the light transmitted through the reflective film 10 is less likely to be deteriorated and the visible light transmittance is also less likely to be lowered.
  • the reflectance increases as the number of layers of the low refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer increases, the reflectance can be adjusted by adjusting the number of layers. Further, the width of the reflection band can be adjusted by the difference in refractive index between the low refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer.
  • a linearly polarized light reflecting layer can be formed by using a wide variety of materials.
  • the first material it is necessary for the first material to have a different index of refraction than the second material in the chosen direction.
  • This difference in refractive index can be achieved by a variety of methods, including stretching, extrusion, or coating during or after film formation.
  • it is preferable to have similar rheological properties eg, melt viscosity
  • a commercially available product can be used as the linearly polarized light reflecting layer.
  • a product in which a reflective polarizing plate and a temporary support are laminated may be used.
  • Examples of commercially available products include DBEF (registered trademark) (manufactured by 3M) and commercially available optical films sold as APF (Advanced Polarizing Film (manufactured by 3M)).
  • the thickness of the linearly polarized light reflecting layer is preferably in the range of 2.0 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 8.0 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the number of layers of the optically anisotropic layer and the isotropic layer of the linearly polarized light reflecting layer may be appropriately set according to the required reflectance and the like, but is preferably 10 to 60 layers.
  • the polarization conversion layer 11 is a (A) retardation layer, has a front retardation of 30 nm to 200 nm, and has an angle of 35 ° between the direction of the slow-phase axis and the direction of the transmission axis of the linearly polarized light-reflecting layer.
  • a layer in which the spiral orientation structure of the liquid crystal compound is fixed, and the number of pitches x of the spiral orientation structure and the thickness y (unit: ⁇ m) of the polarization conversion layer are all of the following relational expressions. I am satisfied. (I) 0.1 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.0 (Ii) 0.5 ⁇ y ⁇ 3.0 (Iii) 3000 ⁇ (1560 ⁇ y) / x ⁇ 50000
  • a head-up display that reflects p-polarized light
  • a reflective film having a linearly polarized light reflecting layer is incorporated in the windshield glass
  • a double image is generated when viewed from an oblique direction. rice field.
  • a head-up display with a wide viewing angle increases the problem of double image.
  • the polarized light when linearly polarized light is obliquely incident on the linearly polarized light reflecting layer, the polarized light changes to elliptically polarized light or the like.
  • the s-polarized component of the elliptically polarized light is reflected at the glass interface on the back surface side (the surface opposite to the surface on which the projected image from the projector is incident) and is visually recognized as an image. Therefore, the image reflected by the linearly polarized light reflecting layer and the image reflected at the interface of the glass on the back surface side are visually recognized as a double image.
  • the reflective film 10 has a polarization conversion layer 11 having a predetermined configuration, and the front surface side of the windshield glass (the surface on which the projected image from the projector is incident) is linearly polarized light reflected.
  • the layer 12 and the back surface side are arranged so as to be the polarization conversion layer 11.
  • the transmitted light s-polarized light
  • polarization conversion is performed. It is incident on the layer 11.
  • the polarization conversion layer 11 converts the incident elliptically polarized light or the like into p-polarized light by satisfying the above configuration. As a result, since p-polarized light is incident on the glass on the back surface side, reflection by the glass can be suppressed and the generation of a double image can be suppressed.
  • the polarization conversion layer 11 satisfies the above configuration, the light incident on the reflection film 10 at an incident angle of 0 degrees retains the p-polarized light, so that the double image is good over a wide range.
  • the polarization state of the s-polarized light incident from the outside of the windshield glass changes depending on the linearly polarized light reflecting layer 12.
  • the reflective film 10 has the polarization conversion layer 11
  • the s-polarized light transmitted through the reflective film 10 can maintain the s-polarized light, so that the suitability for polarized sunglasses can be improved.
  • the polarization conversion layer 11 is the above-mentioned retardation layer
  • the polarization conversion layer 11 is a layer in which the spiral orientation structure is fixed
  • the polarization conversion layer B is a layer in which the spiral orientation structure is fixed
  • the polarization conversion layer A is a retardation layer, has a front retardation of 30 nm to 200 nm, and has an angle of 35 ° or less between the direction of the slow phase axis and the direction of the transmission axis of the linearly polarized light reflecting layer. ..
  • the retardation layer is not particularly limited as long as the front retardation is 30 nm to 200 nm, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
  • the retardation layer include a stretched polycarbonate film, a stretched norbornene-based polymer film, a transparent film oriented containing inorganic particles having birefringence such as strontium carbonate, and an inorganic dielectric on a support.
  • examples thereof include a thin film obtained by obliquely depositing a polycarbonate compound, a film in which a polymerizable liquid crystal compound is uniaxially oriented and fixed, and a film in which a liquid crystal compound is uniaxially oriented and fixed in orientation.
  • a film in which a polymerizable liquid crystal compound is uniaxially oriented and oriented and fixed is preferably exemplified as a retardation layer.
  • a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable liquid crystal compound is applied to the surface of a temporary support or an alignment layer, and the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal composition is nematically oriented in a liquid crystal state. After being formed into a liquid crystal display, it can be fixed by curing to form a liquid crystal display.
  • the retardation layer is obtained by applying a composition containing a polymer liquid crystal compound to the surface of a temporary support, an orientation layer, or the like to form a nematic orientation in a liquid crystal state, and then cooling the orientation to immobilize the orientation. It may be a layer.
  • the thickness of the retardation layer is not limited, but is preferably 0.2 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 1.0 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the retardation layer formed from the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.2 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 5.0 ⁇ m, still more preferably 0.7 ⁇ m to 2.0 ⁇ m. ..
  • the retardation layer preferably has a front retardation at a wavelength of 550 nm of 50 nm to 120 nm, and more preferably 70 nm to 120 nm. By setting the front retardation of the retardation layer in this range, the double image can be suppressed more preferably.
  • the retardation layer is arranged so that the angle ⁇ formed by the slow axis direction of the retardation layer and the transmission axis direction of the linearly polarized light reflection layer is within 35 °.
  • the angle ⁇ is preferably within 20 °, more preferably within 15 °. By setting the angle ⁇ in this range, the double image can be suppressed more preferably.
  • the angle in the slow axis direction of the retardation layer with respect to the transmission axis direction of the linearly polarized light reflecting layer is 0 °. , With clockwise as + and counterclockwise as-.
  • Fig. 3 shows the results of examining the relationship between the front retardation and angle ⁇ of the retardation layer and the double image using simulation.
  • the horizontal axis is the angle ⁇ of the retardation layer in the slow axis direction with respect to the transmission axis direction of the linearly polarized light reflecting layer
  • the vertical axis is the front retardation of the retardation layer
  • the values are in the reflected light. It is the ratio of the reflected light on the back surface of the glass in. This value corresponds to the value evaluated in the evaluation of the double image of the examples described later.
  • the linearly polarized light reflecting layer was alternately laminated with an optically anisotropic layer made of PEN having a refractive index of 1.86 in the slow axis direction and an isotropic layer made of coPEN having a refractive index of 1.64.
  • the laminated body was modeled by appropriately setting the film thickness so that the visible light reflectance was 20%.
  • the evaluation of the double image is an evaluation when observing from a direction with a polar angle of 20 ° in the horizontal direction.
  • the polarization conversion layer B is a layer in which the spiral orientation structure (spiral structure) of the liquid crystal compound is immobilized, and the number of pitches x of the spiral orientation structure and the film thickness y (unit: ⁇ m) of the polarization conversion layer are all of the following relational expressions. Is satisfied. (I) 0.1 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.0 (Ii) 0.5 ⁇ y ⁇ 3.0 (Iii) 3000 ⁇ (1560 ⁇ y) / x ⁇ 50000 One pitch of the spiral structure of the liquid crystal compound is one turn of the spiral of the liquid crystal compound. That is, the pitch number 1 is defined as a state in which the director of the liquid crystal compound spirally oriented (in the long axis direction in the case of a rod-shaped liquid crystal) is rotated by 360 °.
  • the polarization conversion layer B When the polarization conversion layer B has a spiral structure of a liquid crystal compound, it exhibits optical rotation and birefringence with respect to visible light having a wavelength shorter than the reflected peak wavelength in the infrared region. Therefore, the polarization in the visible region can be controlled.
  • the polarization conversion layer B By setting the number of pitches x of the spiral orientation structure of the polarization conversion layer B and the film thickness y of the polarization conversion layer within the above ranges, the polarization conversion layer B can be optically compensated. Therefore, as described above, the linearly polarized light reflecting layer 12 converts the transmitted light changed to elliptically polarized light or the like into p-polarized light. As a result, since p-polarized light is incident on the glass on the back surface side, reflection by the glass can be suppressed and the generation of a double image can be suppressed.
  • the polarization conversion layer B exhibits optical rotation and birefringence with respect to visible light because the liquid crystal compound has a spiral structure satisfying the relational expressions (i) to (iii).
  • the pitch P of the spiral structure of the polarization conversion layer B is set to have a length corresponding to the pitch P of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in which the selective reflection center wavelength is in the long wavelength infrared region, it is possible to obtain visible light having a short wavelength. , Shows high optical rotation and birefringence.
  • the relational expression (i) is “0.1 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.0”. If the number of pitches x of the spiral structure is less than 0.1, inconveniences such as insufficient optical rotation and birefringence occur. On the other hand, if the pitch number x of the spiral structure exceeds 1.0, the optical rotation and birefringence are excessive, which causes inconveniences such as not being able to obtain desired elliptically polarized light.
  • the relational expression (ii) is “0.5 ⁇ y ⁇ 3.0”. If the thickness y of the polarization conversion layer B is less than 0.5 ⁇ m, the film thickness is too thin, causing inconveniences such as insufficient optical rotation and birefringence. If the thickness y of the polarization conversion layer B exceeds 3.0 ⁇ m, the optical rotation and the birefringence are excessive, and the desired elliptically polarized light cannot be obtained.
  • the relational expression (iii) is “3000 ⁇ (1560 ⁇ y) / x ⁇ 50,000”. If "(1560 x y) / x" is less than 3000, there will be inconveniences such as excessive optical rotation and not being able to obtain desired polarized light. If “(1560 x y) / x" exceeds 50,000, the optical rotation is insufficient, and inconveniences such as not being able to obtain the desired polarized light occur.
  • the number of pitches x of the spiral structure of the polarization conversion layer B is preferably 0.1 to 0.5, and the film thickness y is preferably 1.0 ⁇ m to 3.0 ⁇ m.
  • the polarization conversion layer B has a long spiral structure and a small number of pitches x. Specifically, it is preferable that the polarization conversion layer B has a spiral pitch P equivalent to the pitch P of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in which the selective reflection center wavelength is an infrared region having a long wavelength, and the pitch number x is small. More specifically, it is preferable that the polarization conversion layer B has a spiral pitch P equivalent to the pitch P of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer having a selective reflection center wavelength of 3000 to 10000 nm and a small pitch number x.
  • the selective reflection center wavelength corresponding to the pitch P of such a polarization conversion layer B is much longer than that of visible light, the above-mentioned optical rotation and birefringence with respect to visible light are more preferably exhibited. .. Therefore, the effect of suppressing the double image can be further improved.
  • Such a polarization conversion layer B can be basically formed in the same manner as a known cholesteric liquid crystal layer. However, when the polarization conversion layer B is formed, it is used so that the pitch number x and the film thickness y [ ⁇ m] of the spiral structure in the polarization conversion layer B satisfy all the relational expressions (i) to (iii). It is necessary to adjust the liquid crystal compound, the chiral agent to be used, the amount of the chiral agent added, the film thickness, and the like.
  • the layer in which the spiral orientation structure (spiral structure) of the liquid crystal compound is immobilized is a so-called cholesteric liquid crystal layer, which means a layer in which the cholesteric liquid crystal phase is immobilized.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer may be a layer in which the orientation of the liquid crystal compound in the cholesteric liquid crystal phase is maintained.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is typically a polymerized liquid crystal compound in an oriented state of the cholesteric liquid crystal phase, and then polymerized and cured by ultraviolet irradiation, heating, or the like to form a non-fluid layer, and at the same time, also.
  • any layer may be used as long as it is a layer that has changed to a state in which the orientation form is not changed by an external field or an external force.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer it is sufficient that the optical properties of the cholesteric liquid crystal phase are retained in the layer, and the liquid crystal compound in the layer does not have to exhibit liquid crystal property anymore.
  • the polymerizable liquid crystal compound may have a high molecular weight due to a curing reaction and no longer have liquid crystal properties.
  • the pitch P of the spiral structure (one spiral pitch) is, in other words, the length in the spiral axis direction for one spiral winding, that is, the director (or rod-shaped liquid crystal) of the liquid crystal compound constituting the cholesteric liquid crystal phase.
  • the length in the long axis direction is the length in the spiral axis direction that rotates 360 °.
  • the direction of the spiral axis of the normal cholesteric liquid crystal layer coincides with the thickness direction of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
  • the selective reflection center wavelength and the full width at half maximum of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer can be obtained as an example as follows.
  • a spectrophotometer manufactured by JASCO Corporation, V-670
  • a decrease peak in transmittance is observed in the selective reflection band.
  • the value of the wavelength on the short wavelength side is ⁇ l (nm)
  • the value of the wavelength on the long wavelength side is ⁇ h (nm)
  • the selective reflection center wavelength ⁇ and the half-value width ⁇ can be expressed by the following equations.
  • the selective reflection center wavelength obtained as described above substantially coincides with the wavelength at the center of gravity of the reflection peak of the circularly polarized reflection spectrum measured from the normal direction of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
  • the spiral pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal phase depends on the type of chiral agent used together with the polymerizable liquid crystal compound and the concentration thereof added, a desired pitch can be obtained by adjusting these.
  • a desired pitch can be obtained by adjusting these.
  • the spiral pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer used as the polarization conversion layer B is adjusted so that the selective reflection center wavelength is in the long wavelength infrared region.
  • cholesteric liquid crystal layer a material for producing the cholesteric liquid crystal layer and a method for producing the cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
  • the material used for forming the above-mentioned cholesteric liquid crystal layer include a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable liquid crystal compound and a chiral agent (optically active compound). If necessary, the above-mentioned liquid crystal composition which is further mixed with a surfactant, a polymerization initiator and the like and dissolved in a solvent or the like is applied to a support, an alignment layer, a cholesteric liquid crystal layer which is a lower layer and the like, and cholesteric orientation. After aging, the liquid crystal composition can be fixed by curing to form a cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
  • the polymerizable liquid crystal compound may be a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound or a disk-shaped liquid crystal compound, but is preferably a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound.
  • Examples of the rod-shaped polymerizable liquid crystal compound forming the cholesteric liquid crystal layer include a rod-shaped nematic liquid crystal compound.
  • rod-shaped nematic liquid crystal compounds examples include azomethines, azoxys, cyanobiphenyls, cyanophenyl esters, benzoic acid esters, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid phenyl esters, cyanophenylcyclohexanes, cyano-substituted phenylpyrimidins, and alkoxy-substituted phenylpyrimidins.
  • Phenyldioxans, trans, and alkenylcyclohexylbenzonitriles are preferably used. Not only low molecular weight liquid crystal compounds but also high molecular weight liquid crystal compounds can be used.
  • the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is obtained by introducing a polymerizable group into the liquid crystal compound.
  • the polymerizable group include an unsaturated polymerizable group, an epoxy group, and an aziridinyl group, and an unsaturated polymerizable group is preferable, and an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable group is particularly preferable.
  • the polymerizable group can be introduced into the molecule of the liquid crystal compound by various methods.
  • the number of polymerizable groups contained in the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is preferably 1 to 6 in one molecule, and more preferably 1 to 3.
  • Examples of polymerizable liquid crystal compounds include Makromol. Chem. , 190, 2255 (1989), Advanced Materials 5, 107 (1993), US Pat. No.
  • the amount of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound added to the liquid crystal composition is preferably 80 to 99.9% by mass, preferably 85 to 99.5% by mass, based on the solid content mass (mass excluding the solvent) of the liquid crystal composition. % Is more preferable, and 90 to 99% by mass is particularly preferable.
  • the chiral agent has the function of inducing the helical structure of the cholesteric liquid crystal phase. Since the chiral compound has a different sense of spiral or spiral pitch to be induced depending on the compound, it may be selected according to the purpose.
  • the chiral agent is not particularly limited, and known compounds can be used. Examples of chiral agents include liquid crystal device handbooks (Chapter 3, 4-3, TN, chiral agents for STN, p. 199, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 142, 1989), Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-287623, Japan. Examples thereof include compounds described in JP-A-2002-302487, JP-A-2002-80478, JP-A-2002-80851, JP-A-2010-181852, and JP-A-2014-034581.
  • the chiral agent generally contains an asymmetric carbon atom, but an axial asymmetric compound or a surface asymmetric compound that does not contain an asymmetric carbon atom can also be used as the chiral agent.
  • axial or asymmetric compounds include binaphthyl, helicene, paracyclophane, and derivatives thereof.
  • the chiral agent may have a polymerizable group. When both the chiral agent and the liquid crystal compound have a polymerizable group, the repeating unit derived from the polymerizable liquid crystal compound and the repeating unit derived from the chiral agent are derived by the polymerization reaction between the polymerizable chiral agent and the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. Polymers with repeating units can be formed.
  • the polymerizable group of the polymerizable chiral agent is preferably a group of the same type as the polymerizable group of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. Therefore, the polymerizable group of the chiral agent is preferably an unsaturated polymerizable group, an epoxy group or an aziridinyl group, more preferably an unsaturated polymerizable group, and preferably an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable group. Especially preferable. Moreover, the chiral agent may be a liquid crystal compound.
  • an isosorbide derivative As the chiral agent, an isosorbide derivative, an isomannide derivative, a binaphthyl derivative and the like can be preferably used.
  • As the isosorbide derivative a commercially available product such as LC756 manufactured by BASF may be used.
  • the content of the chiral agent in the liquid crystal composition is preferably 0.01 to 200 mol%, more preferably 1 to 30 mol% of the amount of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound.
  • the content of the chiral agent in the liquid crystal composition is intended to be the concentration (mass%) of the chiral agent with respect to the total solid content in the composition.
  • the liquid crystal composition preferably contains a polymerization initiator.
  • the polymerization initiator used is preferably a photopolymerization initiator capable of initiating the polymerization reaction by irradiation with ultraviolet rays.
  • photopolymerization initiators include ⁇ -carbonyl compounds (described in US Pat. No. 2,376,661 and US Pat. No. 2,376,670), acidoin ethers (described in US Pat. No. 2,448,828), and ⁇ -hydrogens. Substituted aromatic acidoine compounds (described in US Pat. No.
  • an acylphosphine oxide compound or an oxime compound as the polymerization initiator.
  • the acylphosphine oxide compound for example, commercially available IRGACURE810 (compound name: bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide) manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd. can be used.
  • the oxime compound include IRGACURE OXE01 (manufactured by BASF), IRGACURE OXE02 (manufactured by BASF), TR-PBG-304 (manufactured by Joshu Powerful Electronics New Materials Co., Ltd.), ADEKA ARCULS NCI-831, and ADEKA ARCULS NCI-930.
  • the content of the photopolymerization initiator in the liquid crystal composition is preferably 0.1 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 5% by mass, based on the content of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound.
  • the liquid crystal composition may optionally contain a cross-linking agent in order to improve the film strength and durability after curing.
  • a cross-linking agent one that cures with ultraviolet rays, heat, humidity or the like can be preferably used.
  • the cross-linking agent is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
  • cross-linking agent examples include polyfunctional acrylate compounds such as trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate and pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate; epoxy compounds such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether; 2,2- Aziridine compounds such as bishydroxymethylbutanol-tris [3- (1-aziridinyl) propionate], 4,4-bis (ethyleneiminocarbonylamino) diphenylmethane; isocyanate compounds such as hexamethylenediisocyanate and biuret-type isocyanate; oxazoline group side Polyoxazoline compounds contained in the chain; alkoxysilane compounds such as vinyltrimethoxysilane and N- (2-aminoethyl) 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane can be mentioned.
  • polyfunctional acrylate compounds such as trimethylolpropane tri (meth)
  • a known catalyst can be used depending on the reactivity of the cross-linking agent, and the productivity can be improved in addition to the improvement of the film strength and the durability. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the content of the cross-linking agent is preferably 3 to 20% by mass, more preferably 5 to 15% by mass. By setting the content of the cross-linking agent to 3% by mass or more, the effect of improving the cross-linking density can be obtained, and by setting the content of the cross-linking agent to 20% by mass or less, the stability of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is lowered. Can be prevented.
  • "(meth) acrylate” is used in the meaning of "any one or both of acrylate and methacrylate".
  • orientation control agent An orientation control agent may be added to the liquid crystal composition that contributes to the stable or rapid planar orientation of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
  • the orientation control agent include the fluorine (meth) acrylate-based polymers described in paragraphs [0018] to [0043] of JP-A-2007-272185, and paragraphs [0031]-[0031] of JP-A-2012-203237. 0034] and the like, and examples thereof include compounds represented by the formulas (I) to (IV) described in JP-A-2013-113913.
  • the orientation control agent one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
  • the amount of the orientation control agent added to the liquid crystal composition is preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass, and 0.02 to 1 to the total mass of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. Mass% is particularly preferred.
  • the liquid crystal composition may contain at least one selected from various additives such as a surfactant for adjusting the surface tension of the coating film and making the thickness uniform, and a polymerizable monomer. .. Further, in the liquid crystal composition, if necessary, a polymerization inhibitor, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, a coloring material, metal oxide fine particles, etc. are added in a range that does not deteriorate the optical performance. Can be added with.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is a liquid crystal composition obtained by dissolving a polymerizable liquid crystal compound, a polymerization initiator, a chiral agent added as necessary, a surfactant, etc. in a solvent, and is placed on a support, an alignment layer, or the like.
  • the coating film can be irradiated with active light to polymerize a cholesteric liquid crystal composition to form a cholesteric liquid crystal layer in which cholesteric regularity is immobilized.
  • the solvent used for preparing the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but an organic solvent is preferably used.
  • the organic solvent is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
  • the method for applying the liquid crystal composition to the support, the alignment layer, and the like is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
  • the coating method include wire bar coating method, curtain coating method, extrusion coating method, direct gravure coating method, reverse gravure coating method, die coating method, spin coating method, dip coating method, spray coating method, and slide coating. Law etc. can be mentioned. It can also be carried out by transferring the liquid crystal composition separately coated on the support.
  • the liquid crystal molecules are oriented by heating the applied liquid crystal composition.
  • the heating temperature is preferably 200 ° C. or lower, more preferably 130 ° C. or lower.
  • the liquid crystal composition can be cured by further polymerizing the oriented liquid crystal compound.
  • the polymerization may be either thermal polymerization or photopolymerization using light irradiation, but photopolymerization is preferable. It is preferable to use ultraviolet rays for light irradiation.
  • the irradiation energy is preferably 20mJ / cm 2 ⁇ 50J / cm 2, more preferably 100 ⁇ 1,500mJ / cm 2.
  • light irradiation may be carried out under heating conditions or a nitrogen atmosphere.
  • the irradiation ultraviolet wavelength is preferably 350 to 430 nm.
  • the polymerization reaction rate is preferably high, preferably 70% or more, and more preferably 80% or more.
  • the polymerization reaction rate can be determined by measuring the consumption ratio of the polymerizable functional group by measuring the infrared absorption spectrum.
  • the reflective film 10 of the present invention may include, if necessary, another layer in addition to the linearly polarized light reflecting layer 12 and the polarized light conversion layer 11 described above. It is preferable that all the other layers are transparent in the visible light region. Further, it is preferable that all the other layers have low birefringence.
  • the low birefringence means that the front phase difference is 10 nm or less in the wavelength range in which the reflective film 10 of the windshield glass of the present invention exhibits reflection. This front phase difference is preferably 5 nm or less.
  • the other layer include a support, an orientation layer, an adhesive layer and the like.
  • the support can also be used as a substrate for forming a linearly polarized light reflecting layer and / or a polarized light conversion layer.
  • the support used for the formation of the linearly polarized light reflecting layer and / or the polarization conversion layer may be a temporary support that is peeled off after the formation of the linearly polarized light reflecting layer and / or the polarization conversion layer. Therefore, the finished reflective film and windshield glass may not include a support.
  • the completed reflective film or windshield glass includes the support instead of peeling off as a temporary support, the support is preferably transparent in the visible light region.
  • the support there are no restrictions on the material of the support.
  • the support include polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonates, acrylic resins, epoxy resins, polyurethanes, polyamides, polyolefins, cellulose derivatives, and plastic films such as silicones.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • acrylic resins acrylic resins
  • epoxy resins epoxy resins
  • polyurethanes polyamides
  • polyolefins polyolefins
  • cellulose derivatives cellulose derivatives
  • plastic films such as silicones.
  • glass may be used in addition to the above-mentioned plastic film.
  • the thickness of the support may be about 5.0 to 1000 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 250 ⁇ m, and more preferably 15 to 90 ⁇ m.
  • the reflective film 10 may include an alignment layer for orienting the liquid crystal compound as a lower layer to which the liquid crystal composition is applied when the polarization conversion layer 11 is formed.
  • the oriented layer has a rubbing treatment of an organic compound such as a polymer (resin such as polyimide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyarylate, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, polyamide and modified polyamide), oblique deposition of an inorganic compound, and microgrooves.
  • an organic compound such as a polymer (resin such as polyimide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyarylate, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, polyamide and modified polyamide), oblique deposition of an inorganic compound, and microgrooves.
  • organic compounds for example, ⁇ -tricosanoic acid, dioctadecylmethylammonium chloride, methyl stearylate, etc.
  • LB film Langmuir-Blogget method
  • a layer in which an alignment function is generated by applying an electric field, applying a magnetic field, irradiating light, or the like may be used as the alignment layer.
  • the alignment layer made of a polymer is subjected to a rubbing treatment and then the liquid crystal composition is applied to the rubbing treated surface.
  • the rubbing treatment can be carried out by rubbing the surface of the polymer layer with paper or cloth in a certain direction.
  • the liquid crystal composition may be applied to the surface of the support without the alignment layer or the surface of the support that has been rubbed.
  • the alignment layer does not have to be peeled off together with the temporary support to form a layer constituting the reflective member.
  • the thickness of the alignment layer is preferably 0.01 to 5.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.05 to 2.0 ⁇ m.
  • the reflective film 10 may have an adhesive layer, if necessary, in order to improve the adhesion between the layers.
  • an adhesive layer may be provided between the linearly polarized light reflecting layer 12 and the polarization conversion layer 11.
  • the adhesive layer may be formed by using an adhesive.
  • an adhesive there are hot melt type, thermosetting type, photocuring type, reaction curing type, and pressure-sensitive adhesive type that does not require curing, and the materials are acrylate type, urethane type, and urethane acrylate type, respectively.
  • Compounds can be used.
  • the photocurable type is preferable as the curing method, and from the viewpoint of optical transparency and heat resistance, acrylate-based, urethane acrylate-based, epoxy acrylate-based, etc. may be used as the material. preferable.
  • the adhesive layer may be formed by using an adhesive such as a highly transparent adhesive transfer tape (OCA tape).
  • OCA tape a commercially available product for an image display device, particularly a commercially available product for the surface of an image display portion of an image display device may be used.
  • Examples of commercially available products include an adhesive sheet manufactured by Panac (PD-S1 and the like), an adhesive sheet of the MHM series manufactured by Niei Kako Co., Ltd., and the like.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer formed by using the adhesive is preferably 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 1.0 to 5.0 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer formed by using the highly transparent adhesive transfer tape (adhesive) is preferably 10 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 15 to 30 ⁇ m. It is preferable that the reflective film is provided with a uniform thickness in order to reduce color unevenness of the reflective film.
  • the windshield glass having the reflective film of the present invention and the head-up display (HUD) will be described.
  • Windshield glass Using the reflective film of the present invention, it is possible to provide a windshield glass having a projected image display function.
  • Windshield glass means windows and windshields for vehicles such as cars and trains, airplanes, ships, two-wheeled vehicles, and general vehicles such as play equipment.
  • the windshield glass is preferably used as a windshield, a windshield, or the like in front of the vehicle in the traveling direction.
  • the visible light transmittance of the windshield glass is preferably 70% or more, more preferably more than 70%, further preferably 75% or more, and particularly preferably 80% or more.
  • the above-mentioned visible light transmittance is preferably satisfied at any position of the windshield glass, and particularly preferably at the position where the reflective film is present.
  • the reflective film of the present invention has a high visible light transmittance, so that the above-mentioned visible light transmittance is satisfied regardless of which glass is generally used for the windshield glass. be able to.
  • the windshield glass may be, for example, a flat surface or a three-dimensional shape having a curved surface such as a concave surface or a convex surface.
  • the upward direction during normal use, the observer side, the driver side, and the visible side surface such as the inside of the vehicle can be specified.
  • the windshield glass may have a uniform thickness or a non-uniform thickness in the reflective film.
  • it may have a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape like the vehicle glass described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-505330 and the thickness of the reflective film may be non-uniform, but the thickness of the reflective film is uniform. It is preferable to have.
  • the linearly polarized reflective film may be provided inside the vehicle or the like (on the incident side of the projected image) or outside. It is preferably provided inside.
  • the reflective film of the present invention has lower scratch resistance than a glass plate. Therefore, when the windshield glass has a laminated glass structure, it is more preferable that the reflective film is provided between the two pieces of glass constituting the laminated glass in order to protect the reflective film.
  • the reflective film is a member for displaying the projected image by reflecting the projected image. Therefore, the reflective film may be provided at a position where the projected image projected from the projector or the like can be visually displayed. That is, the reflective film of the present invention functions as a combiner of the HUD.
  • the combiner can visually display the image projected from the projector, and when the combiner is observed from the incident surface side of the projected image, the surface opposite to the incident surface of the projected light such as a landscape. It means an optical member capable of observing information on the side at the same time. That is, the combiner has a function as an optical path combiner that superimposes and displays the outside world light and the light of the projected image.
  • the reflective film may be provided on the entire surface of the windshield glass, or may be provided on a part of the windshield glass in the surface direction, but it is preferable that the reflective film is provided on a part of the windshield glass.
  • the reflective film may be provided at any position on the windshield glass, but when used as a HUD, a virtual image is displayed at a position easily visible to an observer such as a driver. It is preferably provided as shown.
  • the position where the reflective film is provided on the windshield glass may be determined from the relationship between the position of the driver's seat in the vehicle on which the HUD is mounted and the position where the projector is installed.
  • the reflective film may be a flat surface having no curved surface, but may have a curved surface. Further, the reflective film may have a concave or convex shape as a whole, and the projected image may be enlarged or reduced for display.
  • the windshield glass may have a laminated glass structure.
  • the windshield glass of the present invention is a laminated glass, and has the above-mentioned reflective film of the present invention between the first glass plate and the second glass plate.
  • the windshield glass may have a configuration in which a reflective film is arranged between the first glass plate and the second glass plate.
  • the windshield glass has a configuration in which an interlayer film (intermediate film sheet) is provided on at least one of the space between the first glass plate and the reflective film and between the reflective film and the second glass plate. Is preferable.
  • the first glass plate is arranged on the side opposite to the viewing side (outside the vehicle) of the image in the HUD, and the second glass plate is arranged on the viewing side (inside the vehicle).
  • the first and second glass plates in the first glass plate and the second glass plate have no technical meaning, and for convenience in order to distinguish between the two glass plates. It is provided. Therefore, the first glass plate may be on the inside of the vehicle and the second glass plate may be on the outside of the vehicle.
  • a glass plate generally used for windshield glass can be used as the glass plate such as the first glass plate and the second glass plate.
  • a glass plate having a visible light transmittance of 73%, 76%, or less of 80% or less such as green glass having high heat shielding property, may be used. Even when a glass plate having a low visible light transmittance is used as described above, by using the reflective film of the present invention, the windshield glass having a visible light transmittance of 70% or more even at the position of the reflective film. Can be produced.
  • first glass plate and the second glass plate are curved glass
  • a linear polarization reflecting layer, a polarization conversion layer, and a first curved glass are formed on the convex surface of the second curved glass inside the vehicle. It is preferable that they are laminated in the order of.
  • the thickness of the glass plate is not particularly limited, but may be about 0.5 to 5.0 mm, preferably 1.0 to 3.0 mm, and more preferably 2.0 to 2.3 mm.
  • the materials or thicknesses of the first glass plate and the second glass plate may be the same or different.
  • the windshield glass having a laminated glass structure can be produced by using a known laminated glass manufacturing method. Generally, after sandwiching an interlayer film for laminated glass between two glass plates, heat treatment and pressure treatment (treatment using a rubber roller, etc.) are repeated several times, and finally an autoclave or the like is used. It can be produced by a method of performing heat treatment under pressurized conditions.
  • the windshield glass having a structure of a laminated glass having a reflective film and an interlayer film may be produced by the above-mentioned method for producing a laminated glass after forming a reflective film on the surface of a glass plate, or described above. It may be produced by the above-mentioned method for producing a laminated glass using an interlayer film for a laminated glass containing the reflective film of.
  • the glass plate on which the reflective film is provided may be either a first glass plate or a second glass plate. At this time, the reflective film is attached to, for example, a glass plate with an adhesive.
  • interlayer film As the interlayer film (intermediate film sheet), any known interlayer film used as an intermediate film (intermediate layer) in laminated glass can be used.
  • a resin film containing a resin selected from the group of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and chlorine-containing resin can be used.
  • the above-mentioned resin is preferably the main component of the interlayer film.
  • the main component means a component that occupies 50% by mass or more of the interlayer film.
  • polyvinyl butyral and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer are preferable, and polyvinyl butyral is more preferable.
  • the resin is preferably a synthetic resin.
  • Polyvinyl butyral can be obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with butyraldehyde.
  • the preferred lower limit of the degree of acetalization of polyvinyl butyral described above is 40%, the preferred upper limit is 85%, the more preferred lower limit is 60%, and the more preferred upper limit is 75%.
  • Polyvinyl alcohol is usually obtained by saponifying polyvinyl acetate, and polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 80 to 99.8 mol% is generally used. Further, the preferable lower limit of the degree of polymerization of the above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol is 200, and the preferable upper limit is 3000. When the degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol is 200 or more, the penetration resistance of the obtained laminated glass is unlikely to decrease, and when it is 3000 or less, the moldability of the resin film is good and the rigidity of the resin film does not become too large. Good workability. A more preferred lower limit is 500 and a more preferred upper limit is 2000.
  • the interlayer film for laminated glass including the reflective film can be formed by laminating the reflective film on the surface of the above-mentioned interlayer film.
  • the reflective film can be formed by sandwiching it between the two above-mentioned interlayer films.
  • the two interlayer films may be the same or different, but are preferably the same.
  • a known bonding method can be used for bonding the reflective film and the interlayer film, but it is preferable to use a laminating process.
  • the laminating treatment is preferably carried out under certain heating and pressurizing conditions so that the laminated body and the interlayer film do not peel off after processing.
  • the film surface temperature on the side where the interlayer film is adhered is preferably 50 to 130 ° C, more preferably 70 to 100 ° C. It is preferable to pressurize at the time of laminating.
  • the pressurizing conditions are not limited, but less than 2.0 kg / cm 2 (less than 196 kPa) is preferable, 0.5 to 1.8 kg / cm 2 (49 to 176 kPa) is more preferable, and 0.5 to 1.5 kg. / Cm 2 (49-147 kPa) is even more preferred.
  • the support When the reflective film has a support, the support may be peeled off at the same time as the laminating, immediately after the laminating, or immediately before the laminating. That is, the reflective film attached to the interlayer film obtained after laminating may not have a support.
  • An example of a method for producing an interlayer film including a reflective film is (1) A first step of attaching a reflective film to the surface of the first interlayer film to obtain a first laminate, and (2) The second step of laminating the second interlayer film on the surface opposite to the surface to which the first interlayer film of the reflective film is bonded in the first laminated body is included. For example, in the first step, the reflective film and the first interlayer film are bonded together without facing each other between the support and the first interlayer film.
  • the support is then peeled off from the reflective film. Further, in the second step, the second interlayer film is attached to the surface from which the support has been peeled off.
  • This makes it possible to manufacture an interlayer film containing a reflective film having no support. Further, by using an interlayer film containing this reflective film, a laminated glass in which the reflective film does not have a support can be easily produced.
  • the temperature of the support when the support is peeled from the reflective film is preferably 40 ° C. or higher, more preferably 40 to 60 ° C.
  • the windshield glass can be used as a component of the HUD.
  • the HUD preferably includes a projector.
  • a "projector” is a “device that projects light or an image”, includes a “device that projects a drawn image”, and emits projected light that carries an image to be displayed.
  • the projector emits p-polarized projected light.
  • the projector may be arranged so that the projected light of p-polarized light carrying the image to be displayed can be incident on the reflective film in the windshield glass at an oblique incident angle.
  • the projector includes a drawing device and reflects and displays an image (real image) drawn on a small intermediate image screen as a virtual image by a combiner.
  • a known projector used for the HUD can be used as long as it can emit the projected light of p-polarized light.
  • the projector has a variable imaging distance of the virtual image, that is, the imaging position of the virtual image.
  • Examples of the method of changing the imaging distance of a virtual image in a projector include a method of moving an image generation surface (screen) (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-21302) and a method of switching between a plurality of optical paths having different optical path lengths. (See WO2015 / 190157), a method of changing the optical path length by inserting and / or moving a mirror, a method of changing the focal distance using a group lens as an imaging lens, a method of moving the projector 22, a virtual image imaging method. Examples thereof include a method of switching and using a plurality of projectors having different distances, a method of using a variable focus lens (see WO2010 / 116912), and the like.
  • the projector may be one in which the imaging distance of the virtual image can be continuously changed, or one in which the imaging distance of the virtual image can be switched at two points or a plurality of points of three or more points.
  • the imaging distance of the virtual image can be switched at two points or a plurality of points of three or more points.
  • the virtual images of the projected light by the projector it is preferable that at least two virtual images have different imaging distances of 1 m or more. Therefore, when the projector can continuously change the imaging distance of the virtual image, it is preferable that the imaging distance of the virtual image can be changed by 1 m or more. It is preferable to use such a projector in that it can be suitably used even when the distance of the driver's line of sight is significantly different, such as when traveling at a normal speed on a general road and when traveling at a high speed on an expressway. ..
  • the drawing device itself may be a device that displays an image, or may be a device that emits light capable of drawing an image.
  • the light from the light source may be adjusted by a drawing method such as an optical modulator, a laser luminance modulation means, or a light deflection means for drawing.
  • the drawing device means a device including a light source and further including a light modulator, a laser luminance modulation means, a light deflection means for drawing, and the like depending on the drawing method.
  • the light source is not limited, and known light sources such as LEDs (light emitting diodes), organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), discharge tubes, and laser light sources used in projectors, drawing devices, displays, and the like can be used.
  • LEDs and discharge tubes are preferable because they are suitable as a light source for a drawing device that emits linearly polarized light, and LEDs are particularly preferable. This is because the emission wavelength of the LED is not continuous in the visible light region, so that the LED is suitable for combination with a combiner in which a linearly polarized light reflecting layer exhibiting selective reflectivity in a specific wavelength region is used.
  • the drawing method can be selected according to the light source to be used and the like, and is not particularly limited. Examples of drawing methods include a fluorescent display tube, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) method that uses a liquid crystal display, an LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) method, a DLP (registered trademark) (Digital Light Processing) method, and a laser. A scanning method and the like can be mentioned.
  • the drawing method may be a method using a fluorescent display tube integrated with a light source.
  • the LCD method is preferable as the drawing method.
  • the DLP method is a display system using a DMD (Digital Micromirror Device), and is drawn by arranging micromirrors for the number of pixels and emitting light from a projection lens.
  • DMD Digital Micromirror Device
  • the scanning method is a method in which light rays are scanned on a screen and contrast is performed using the afterimage of the eyes.
  • the descriptions in JP-A-7-270711 and JP-A-2013-228674 can be referred to.
  • brightness-modulated laser light of each color for example, red light, green light, and blue light
  • the light beam is light. It suffices that it is scanned by the deflection means and drawn on the intermediate image screen described later.
  • the brightness modulation of the laser light of each color of red light, green light, and blue light may be performed directly as a change in the intensity of the light source, or may be performed by an external modulator.
  • the light deflection means include a galvano mirror, a combination of a galvano mirror and a polygon mirror, and a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems), of which MEMS is preferable.
  • the scanning method include a random scan method and a raster scan method, but it is preferable to use the raster scan method.
  • the laser beam can be driven by, for example, a resonance frequency in the horizontal direction and a sawtooth wave in the vertical direction. Since the scanning method does not require a projection lens, the device can be easily miniaturized.
  • the light emitted from the drawing device may be linearly polarized light or natural light (non-polarized light).
  • the drawing method is an LCD method or an LCOS method and a drawing device using a laser light source
  • the emitted light is essentially linearly polarized light.
  • the polarization directions (transmission axis direction) of the light having a plurality of wavelengths are the same.
  • the drawing device may use an intermediate image screen.
  • the "intermediate image screen” is a screen on which an image is drawn. That is, when the light emitted from the drawing device is not yet visible as an image, the drawing device forms a visible image on the intermediate image screen by this light.
  • the image drawn on the intermediate image screen may be projected on the combiner by the light transmitted through the intermediate image screen, or may be reflected on the intermediate image screen and projected on the combiner.
  • intermediate image screens include a scattering film, a microlens array, a screen for rear projection, and the like.
  • a plastic material is used as the intermediate image screen
  • the intermediate image screen if the intermediate image screen has birefringence, the polarizing plane and the light intensity of the polarized light incident on the intermediate image screen are disturbed, and the combiner (reflective film) has uneven color or the like.
  • the problem of color unevenness can be reduced by using a retardation film having a predetermined retardation.
  • the intermediate image screen preferably has a function of spreading and transmitting incident light rays. This is because the projected image can be enlarged and displayed. Examples of such an intermediate image screen include a screen composed of a microlens array.
  • the microarray lens used in the HUD is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-226303, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-145745, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-523369.
  • the projector may include a reflector or the like that adjusts the optical path of the projected light formed by the drawing device.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-141720 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-96874, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-98470, US Pat. No. 5,013,134, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006 You can refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 512622.
  • Windshield glass is particularly useful for HUDs that use lasers, LEDs, OLEDs (organic light emitting diodes), etc., whose emission wavelength is not continuous in the visible light region, in combination with a projector as a light source. This is because the center wavelength of the selective reflection of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer can be adjusted according to each emission wavelength. It can also be used for projection of a display such as an LCD (liquid crystal display) in which the display light is polarized.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • the incident light is preferably incident at an oblique incident angle of 45 ° to 70 ° with respect to the normal of the reflective film.
  • the Brewster angle at the interface between glass with a refractive index of about 1.51 and air with a refractive index of 1 is about 56 °, and by incident p-polarized light within the above angle range, incident light for displaying projected images is used. It is possible to display an image in which the amount of reflected light from the surface of the windshield glass on the visual side is small with respect to the selective reflective layer of the above, and the influence of the double image is small.
  • the above-mentioned angle is also preferably 50 ° to 65 °.
  • the projected image may be observed at an angle of 45 ° to 70 °, preferably 50 ° to 65 ° on the incident side of the projected light and on the opposite side of the normal line of the selective reflection layer to the incident light. Any configuration can be used.
  • the incident light may be incident from any direction such as up, down, left and right of the windshield glass, and may be determined in correspondence with the viewing direction. For example, it is preferable to use a configuration in which the light is incident at an oblique angle of incidence as described above from the lower direction during use. Further, the reflective film of the windshield glass may be arranged so as to reflect the incident p-polarized light.
  • the projected light at the time of displaying the projected image in the HUD of the present invention is p-polarized light that vibrates in the direction parallel to the incident surface.
  • a linearly polarizing film (polarizer) may be provided on the emitted light side of the projector to obtain p-polarized light, and the linearly polarized film may be provided in the optical path from the projector to the windshield glass. Etc. may be used as p-polarized light by a known method.
  • a member that converts projected light that is not linearly polarized light into p-polarized light is also considered to constitute the projector in the HUD of the present invention.
  • the polarization directions of the emitted light in the red, green, and blue wavelength ranges are not uniform, the polarization directions are adjusted in a wavelength-selective manner and used as p-polarized light in all color wavelength ranges. It is preferable to make it incident.
  • the HUD may be a projection system in which the virtual image imaging position is variable.
  • the virtual image imaging position is a position where the virtual image can be visually recognized from the driver of the vehicle, for example, a position 1000 mm or more away from the tip of the windshield glass when viewed from the normal driver.
  • the glass is non-uniform (wedge shape) in the reflective film as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2011-505330 described above, it is necessary to change the angle of the wedge shape when the virtual image imaging position is changed. Occurs. Therefore, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an example of a head-up display having a reflective film according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an example of a windshield glass having a reflective film according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the HUD 20 has a projector 22 and a windshield glass 24, and is used for a vehicle such as a passenger car, for example. The components of the HUD 20 have already been described.
  • the windshield glass 24 includes a first glass plate 28 which is a first glass plate, a second glass plate 30 which is a second glass plate, and a reflective film 10 as conceptually shown in FIG. And an interlayer film 36 and an adhesive layer 38.
  • the reflective film 10 is the reflective film 10 shown in FIG. 1, and has a selective reflective layer in which optically anisotropic layers and isotropic layers are alternately laminated.
  • the left-right direction of the windshield glass 24 and the transmission axis of the reflective film 10 shown in FIG. 2 are aligned with each other.
  • the reflective film may have a support.
  • the vertical direction Y of the windshield glass 24 is a direction corresponding to the top-bottom direction of the vehicle or the like on which the windshield glass 24 is arranged, and is defined as the ground side as the lower side and the opposite side as the upper side.
  • the vertical direction Y is on the surface 25 of the windshield glass 24. It will be in the direction along.
  • the surface 25 is the outer surface side of the vehicle.
  • the projector 22 is as described above.
  • a known projector used for the HUD can be used as long as it can emit p-polarized projected light on which the image to be displayed is supported.
  • the projector 22 preferably has a variable imaging distance of the virtual image, that is, an imaging position of the virtual image.
  • the projector 22 irradiates the windshield glass 24 (second glass plate 30) with the projected light of p-polarized light.
  • the reflection of the projected light by the second glass plate 30 and the first glass plate 28 of the windshield glass 24 is significantly reduced, and the reflection is doubled. Inconveniences such as observing an image can be suppressed.
  • the projector 22 irradiates the windshield with p-polarized projected light at a Brewster's angle. As a result, the reflection of the projected light on the second glass plate 30 and the first glass plate 28 is eliminated, and a clearer image can be displayed.
  • the windshield glass 24 is a so-called laminated glass, and has an interlayer film 36, a reflective film 10, and an adhesive layer 38 between the first glass plate 28 and the second glass plate 30.
  • the projected light emitted by the projector 22 is incident from the surface 30a of the second glass plate 30.
  • the reflective film 10 reflects p-polarized light, and as described above, the direction of linearly polarized light reflected by the reflective film is set so as to reflect p-polarized light.
  • the reflective film 10 is attached to the first glass plate 28 by the interlayer film 36, and is attached to the second glass plate 30 by the adhesive layer 38, and is attached between the first glass plate 28 and the second glass plate 30. Be pinched.
  • the first glass plate 28 and the second glass plate 30 of the windshield glass 24 are basically provided in parallel.
  • the first glass plate 28 and the second glass plate 30 are both known glasses (glass plates) used for windshields of vehicles and the like. Therefore, the forming material, thickness, shape, etc. may be the same as the glass used for known windshields.
  • the first glass plate 28 and the second glass plate 30 shown in FIG. 5 are both flat plates, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a part thereof may be a curved surface or the entire surface may be a curved surface.
  • the interlayer film 36 prevents the glass from penetrating into the vehicle and scattering in the event of an accident, and further adheres the reflective film 10 and the first glass plate 28.
  • a known interlayer film (intermediate layer) used for the windshield of laminated glass can be used.
  • the material for forming the interlayer film 36 include polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, chlorine-containing resin, and polyurethane.
  • the thickness of the interlayer film 36 is not limited, and the thickness according to the forming material or the like may be set in the same manner as the known interlayer film of windshield glass.
  • the adhesive layer 38 is, for example, a layer made of a coating type adhesive.
  • the reflective film 10 is attached to the second glass plate 30 by the adhesive layer 38.
  • the reflective film 10 may be attached to the second glass plate 30 by an interlayer film instead of the adhesive layer 38.
  • the reflective film 10 is smaller than the interlayer film 36 to which the first glass plate 28 and the reflective film 10 are attached, the reflective film 10 is attached to the second glass plate 30 by the interlayer film 36. You may.
  • the adhesive layer 38 is not limited, and is known as long as it can secure the transparency required for the windshield glass 24 and can attach the reflective film 10 and the glass with the required adhesive force. Those consisting of a coating type adhesive are available.
  • the adhesive layer 38 may be the same as the interlayer film 36 such as PVB. In addition to this, an acrylate-based adhesive or the like can also be used for the adhesive layer 38. Further, as the adhesive layer 38, the same adhesive layer as the above-mentioned adhesive layer may be used as shown below.
  • the adhesive layer 38 may be formed of an adhesive in the same manner as the above-mentioned adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive includes a hot melt type, a thermosetting type, a photocuring type, a reaction curing type, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive type that does not require curing.
  • the adhesives of any type are acrylate-based, urethane-based, urethane acrylate-based, epoxy-based, epoxy acrylate-based, polyolefin-based, modified olefin-based, polypropylene-based, ethylene vinyl alcohol-based, vinyl chloride-based, respectively.
  • Compounds such as chloroprene rubber-based, cyanoacrylate-based, polyamide-based, polyimide-based, polystyrene-based, and polyvinyl butyral-based compounds can be used.
  • the photocurable type is preferable as the curing method, and from the viewpoint of optical transparency and heat resistance, acrylate-based, urethane acrylate-based, epoxy acrylate-based, etc. may be used as the material. preferable.
  • the adhesive layer 38 may be formed by using a highly transparent adhesive transfer tape (OCA tape).
  • OCA tape a commercially available product for an image display device, particularly a commercially available product for the surface of an image display portion of an image display device may be used.
  • Examples of commercially available products include adhesive sheets manufactured by Panac Co., Ltd. (PD-S1 and the like), adhesive sheets of the MHM series manufactured by Niei Kako Co., Ltd., and the like.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer 38 there is no limitation on the thickness of the adhesive layer 38. Therefore, the thickness at which sufficient adhesive force can be obtained may be appropriately set according to the material for forming the adhesive layer 38.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer 38 is preferably 0.1 to 800 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 to 400 ⁇ m.
  • an adhesive layer 38 is provided between the reflective film 10 and the second glass plate 30, and the reflective film 10 and the first glass plate 28 are attached by an interlayer film 36.
  • an adhesive layer may be provided between the reflective film 10 and the first glass plate 28, and an interlayer film may be provided between the reflective film 10 and the second glass plate 30.
  • the windshield glass 24 does not have an interlayer film 36, and an adhesive is used for attaching the reflective film 10 to the first glass plate 28 and attaching the reflective film 10 to the second glass plate 30.
  • the structure using the layer 38 may be used.
  • the windshield glass 24 has a reflective film 10 between the first glass plate 28 and the second glass plate 30, and the reflective film 10 is attached to the second glass plate 30 by the adhesive layer 38.
  • the interlayer film 36 has a structure in which the reflective film 10 is attached to the first glass plate 28.
  • the image observer that is, the driver D
  • the projected image of the projector is reflected by the windshield glass, and the reflected light is observed.
  • the general windshield glass is a laminated glass, and has two pieces of glass, an inner surface side and an outer surface side. Therefore, in the HUD, there is a problem that a double image is observed by the driver due to the reflected light of the two glasses.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the windshield glass is made wedge-shaped so that the reflection of the inner surface side glass and the reflection of the outer surface side glass overlap, and a double image can be seen.
  • the imaging distance of the virtual image is changed in order to cope with the difference in the driver's line of sight between normal driving where the line of sight is close and high-speed driving where the line of sight is far away. Then, the angles of the wedges on the windshield glass do not match, and the image observed by the driver becomes a double image.
  • the projector 22 projects p-polarized light
  • the windshield glass 24 reflects the p-polarized light between the first glass plate 28 and the second glass plate 30.
  • the driver D observes the reflected light by the reflective film 10.
  • the reflection of the projected light of the projector 22 is basically dominated by the reflection of the reflective film 10, so that a double image is basically unlikely to occur. Therefore, in the HUD 20 in which the reflective film 10 of the present invention is used for the windshield glass 24, it is not necessary to make the cross-sectional shape of the windshield glass 24 (intermediate film 36) wedge-shaped, and therefore, the imaging distance of the virtual image is changed. However, no double image is generated.
  • the present invention is basically configured as described above.
  • the reflective film, windshield glass, and head-up display system (HUD) of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various types are described without departing from the gist of the present invention. Of course, it may be improved or changed.
  • a linearly polarized light reflecting layer was prepared as follows based on the method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 9-506837.
  • PEN 2,6-Polyethylene naphthalate
  • coPEN copolyester
  • naphthalate 70 / terephthalate 30 2,6-Polyethylene naphthalate
  • PEN and coPEN single layer films After extrusion molding of PEN and coPEN single layer films, they were stretched at about 150 ° C. at a stretching ratio of 5: 1 and heat-treated at about 230 ° C. for 30 seconds. It was confirmed that the refractive index of PEN with respect to the slow axis (orientation axis) was about 1.86, the refractive index with respect to the transverse axis was 1.64, and the refractive index of the coPEN film was about 1.64.
  • a layer having four layers of PEN and coPEN having a film thickness shown in (1) of Table 1 below alternately. was formed.
  • PENs and coPENs having the thicknesses shown in (2) to (3) of Table 1 are alternately formed into 4 layers and 8 layers in order, thereby forming a total of 16 layers.
  • the stretched laminate was heat-treated in an air oven at about 230 ° C. for 30 seconds to prepare a linearly polarized light reflecting layer.
  • the thickness of the produced linearly polarized light reflecting layer was about 12 ⁇ m.
  • a spectrophotometer manufactured by Nippon Spectrometer Co., Ltd., V-670
  • a broad reflection spectrum with a reflectance of around 20% was obtained in a reflection band of 450 nm to 700 nm. ..
  • ⁇ Preparation of coating liquid> (Coating liquid for forming polarization conversion layer A) The following components were mixed to prepare a coating liquid for forming a polarization conversion layer A having the following composition.
  • ⁇ ⁇ Mixture 1 100 parts by mass ⁇ Fluorine-based horizontal alignment agent 1 (orientation control agent 1) 0.05 parts by mass ⁇ Fluorine-based horizontal alignment agent 2 (orientation control agent 2) 0.01 parts by mass ⁇ Polymerization initiator IRGACURE OXE01 (BASF) Made by the company) 1.0 part by mass ⁇ Solvent (methyl ethyl ketone) Amount that makes the solute concentration 20% by mass ⁇ ⁇
  • ⁇ ⁇ Mixture 1 100 parts by mass ⁇ Fluorine-based horizontal alignment agent 1 (Orientation control agent 1) 0.05 parts by mass ⁇ Fluorine-based horizontal alignment agent 2 (Orientation control agent 2) 0.02 parts by mass ⁇
  • LC756 Right-turning chiral agent LC756 (Made by BASF) Adjusted and polymerized initiator IRGACURE OXE01 (manufactured by BASF) according to the target number of pitches and the reflection wavelength that matches the film thickness.
  • the polarization conversion layer is formed so that the desired selective reflection center wavelength ⁇ is obtained when the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is formed by adjusting the prescription amount of the right-turning chiral agent LC756 of the above-mentioned coating liquid for forming the polarization conversion layer B.
  • a coating solution for use was prepared.
  • the selective reflection center wavelength ⁇ was determined by preparing a single-layer cholesteric liquid crystal layer having a film thickness of 3 ⁇ m on the temporary support and measuring by FTIR (Spectrum Two, manufactured by PerkinElmer).
  • the film thickness d of the spiral structure can be expressed by "pitch P of the spiral structure x number of pitches".
  • the pitch P of the spiral structure is the length of one pitch in the spiral structure, and the spirally oriented liquid crystal compound rotates 360 ° at one pitch.
  • a coating liquid for forming the polarization conversion layer B was prepared so that the selective reflection center wavelength ⁇ would be a desired wavelength when the cholesteric liquid crystal layer was used.
  • the coating liquid for forming the polarization conversion layer B was applied so as to have a desired film thickness, the polarization conversion layer B was formed, and the number of pitches was determined.
  • Example 9 the number of pitches of the spiral structure of the polarization conversion layer B was adjusted to 0.25, the film thickness was adjusted to 1.1 ⁇ m, and the selective reflection center wavelength ⁇ was adjusted to 6864 nm.
  • Example 1 Using the linearly polarized light reflecting layer as a support, the following alignment film was formed on the support, and then the polarization conversion layer A was formed.
  • a coating liquid for forming an alignment film having the composition shown below was applied at 24 mL / m 2 with a wire bar coater, and dried with warm air at 100 ° C. for 120 seconds.
  • the formed coating film is subjected to rubbing treatment (rayon cloth, pressure: 0.1 kgf (0.98N), rotation speed) in the direction (see FIG. 2) rotated clockwise by -30 ° with respect to the long side direction of the support. : 1000 rpm (revolutions per minute), transport speed: 10 m / min, number of times: 1 reciprocation) was applied to form an alignment film.
  • ⁇ Preparation of polarization conversion layer A> A coating liquid for forming a polarization conversion layer A was applied to the surface of the alignment film on the support using a wire bar, and then dried. Next, it was placed on a hot plate at 50 ° C. and irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 6 seconds with an electrodeless lamp "D bulb" (60 mW / cm 2 ) manufactured by Fusion UV Systems in an environment with an oxygen concentration of 1000 ppm or less, and the liquid crystal phase was changed. Fixed. As a result, a retardation layer (polarization conversion layer A) whose thickness was adjusted so as to obtain a desired front retardation, that is, a desired front retardation was formed.
  • a reflective film having a linearly polarized light reflecting layer and a polarized light conversion layer A was produced.
  • the front retardation of the produced retardation layer was measured by AxoScan and found to be 100 nm (Example 1).
  • Example 1 A reflective film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polarization conversion layer A was not formed. That is, the linearly polarized light reflecting layer alone was used as a reflective film.
  • Examples 2 to 8, Comparative Examples 2 and 3 The reflective film is the same as in Example 1 except that the front retardation of the polarization conversion layer A and the angle formed by the direction of the slow axis and the direction of the transmission axis of the linearly polarized light reflecting layer are changed as shown in Table 2. Was produced. The front retardation was adjusted by changing the film thickness of the polarization conversion layer from Example 1.
  • the polarization conversion layer B was formed by using the linearly polarized light reflecting layer on which the alignment film was formed as a support.
  • Rubbing treatment on one side of the support in the long side direction of the support was given.
  • a coating liquid for forming a polarization conversion layer B was applied to the rubbed surface of the support using a wire bar, and then dried. Next, it was placed on a hot plate at 50 ° C. and irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 6 seconds with an electrodeless lamp "D bulb" (60 mW / cm 2 ) manufactured by Fusion UV Systems in an environment with an oxygen concentration of 1000 ppm or less, and the liquid crystal phase was changed. Fixed. As a result, the polarization conversion layer B adjusted to have a desired film thickness was formed. As a result, a reflective film having a linearly polarized light reflecting layer and a polarized light conversion layer B was produced.
  • the polarization conversion layer was the same as in Example 9 except that the amount of the chiral agent and the coating thickness of the coating liquid for forming the polarization conversion layer B were appropriately changed to obtain the pitch number and the film thickness shown in Table 2. B was formed to prepare a reflective film.
  • Laminated glass having each reflective film produced above was produced as follows.
  • the obtained reflective film was cut into a size of 250 mm on the short side (length) x 280 mm on the long side (horizontal).
  • a glass plate (manufactured by Central Glass Co., Ltd., FL2, visible light transmittance 90%) having a length of 300 mm, a width of 300 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm was prepared.
  • a PVB film was placed as an interlayer film having a thickness of 0.76 mm manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., which was cut to the same size.
  • a sheet-shaped linearly polarized light-reflecting film was placed on the interlayer film with the slow-phase axial direction aligned with the vertical direction.
  • An interlayer film and a glass plate similar to the above were placed on the linearly polarized light reflecting film. This laminate was held at 90 ° C.
  • P-polarized light is incident from the linearly polarized light reflecting layer side of the laminated glass from the direction of 65 ° with respect to the normal direction of the glass, and the specularly reflected light (in the incident plane, opposite to the normal direction, the method).
  • the reflectance spectrum was measured with a spectrophotometer (V-670, manufactured by Nippon Spectral Co., Ltd.) in a direction of 65 ° with respect to the linear direction.
  • the long side direction of the reflective film and the transmission axis of the incident P-polarized light of the spectrophotometer were made parallel. Further, the glass was rotated 20 degrees clockwise around the transmission axis.
  • the projected image reflectance was calculated by multiplying the reflectance by a coefficient corresponding to the visual sensitivity and the emission spectrum of the D65 light source at wavelengths of every 10 nm from 380 to 780 nm, and evaluated as brightness.
  • a black PET film containing a light absorber was attached to the back surface side of the laminated glass, and the above P polarization reflectance was measured.
  • the influence of the brightness of the light (projected image) reflected on the glass surface is eliminated, and the brightness of the light reflected by the reflective film is measured.
  • Double image ((Brightness-Brightness (with black PET attached)) / Brightness) x 100 [%]
  • the s-polarized light is incident from the glass surface on the opposite side of the linearly polarized light-reflecting layer of the laminated glass from the direction of 65 ° with respect to the normal direction of the glass, and the p-polarized light of the transmitted light is polarized from the opposite surface side of the incident surface of the laminated glass.
  • the transmittance spectrum was measured with a meter (manufactured by Nippon Polarizing Co., Ltd., V-670).
  • a linear polarizing plate was placed on the light receiving portion of the spectrophotometer so that the vertical direction of the windshield and the transmission axis of the incident p-polarized light of the spectrophotometer were parallel. Further, the glass was rotated 20 degrees counterclockwise around the transmission axis.
  • the visible light transmittance was calculated by multiplying the coefficient according to the luminosity factor and the emission spectrum of the D65 light source at wavelengths of every 10 nm from 380 to 780 nm, and evaluated as the suitability for polarized sunglasses.
  • the suitability of polarized sunglasses was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria.
  • the front retardation of the retardation layer which is the polarization conversion layer A, is preferably 50 nm to 120 nm, and the angle ⁇ is preferably within 20 °.
  • Example 9 From the comparison between Example 9 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6, when the polarization conversion layer is a layer in which the spiral orientation structure of the liquid crystal compound is fixed, the pitch number x of the spiral orientation structure and the thickness y of the polarization conversion layer It can be seen that the suitability for double-image and polarized sunglasses is improved when (unit: ⁇ m) satisfies all of the above-mentioned relational expressions (i) to (iii). From the above results, the effect of the present invention is clear.
  • HUD head-up display system

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PCT/JP2021/012863 2020-03-30 2021-03-26 反射フィルム、ウインドシールドガラスおよびヘッドアップディスプレイシステム Ceased WO2021200655A1 (ja)

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JP2022512118A JP7454649B2 (ja) 2020-03-30 2021-03-26 反射フィルム、ウインドシールドガラスおよびヘッドアップディスプレイシステム
EP21778903.1A EP4130812A4 (en) 2020-03-30 2021-03-26 REFLECTIVE FILM, WINDSHIELD GLASS AND HEAD-UP DISPLAY SYSTEM
CN202180023303.3A CN115315646B (zh) 2020-03-30 2021-03-26 反射膜、挡风玻璃及平视显示器系统
US17/956,512 US11860361B2 (en) 2020-03-30 2022-09-29 Reflection film, windshield glass, and head-up display system

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JP2020059674 2020-03-30
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