WO2020129845A1 - ポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト及びエッチング方法 - Google Patents
ポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト及びエッチング方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020129845A1 WO2020129845A1 PCT/JP2019/048949 JP2019048949W WO2020129845A1 WO 2020129845 A1 WO2020129845 A1 WO 2020129845A1 JP 2019048949 W JP2019048949 W JP 2019048949W WO 2020129845 A1 WO2020129845 A1 WO 2020129845A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/022—Quinonediazides
- G03F7/023—Macromolecular quinonediazides; Macromolecular additives, e.g. binders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/022—Quinonediazides
- G03F7/023—Macromolecular quinonediazides; Macromolecular additives, e.g. binders
- G03F7/0233—Macromolecular quinonediazides; Macromolecular additives, e.g. binders characterised by the polymeric binders or the macromolecular additives other than the macromolecular quinonediazides
- G03F7/0236—Condensation products of carbonyl compounds and phenolic compounds, e.g. novolak resins
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/039—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/02—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding
- H05K3/06—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding the conductive material being removed chemically or electrolytically, e.g. by photo-etch process
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/02—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding
- H05K3/06—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding the conductive material being removed chemically or electrolytically, e.g. by photo-etch process
- H05K3/061—Etching masks
- H05K3/064—Photoresists
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a positive type dry film resist and an etching method.
- a resist is used when metal processing such as metal etching and metal plating is performed in the production of printed wiring boards, lead frames, metal masks, shadow masks, semiconductor packages, electrode members, electromagnetic wave shields, and the like.
- metal processing such as metal etching and metal plating is performed in the production of printed wiring boards, lead frames, metal masks, shadow masks, semiconductor packages, electrode members, electromagnetic wave shields, and the like.
- the resist used for this etching is a photosensitive resin composition utilizing photocrosslinking by mixing a photocrosslinking reagent such as ammonium dichromate with a water-soluble polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), gelatin, and casein. Things have been used.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- this photosensitive resin composition has problems such as difficulty in treating a chromium waste liquid, and most of them are currently replaced with a dry film resist using an alkaline aqueous solution developing type photosensitive resin composition. ..
- a negative photosensitive resist is used as this dry film resist, and a composition in which an alkali-soluble resin, a photopolymerizable crosslinking agent and a photopolymerization initiator are combined is common.
- a dry film resist is thermocompression-bonded to the base material, and the photosensitive resin layer is image-wise cured by exposure to ultraviolet light through a photomask on which an image is formed to make it insoluble, and then an alkaline developer such as a 1 mass% sodium carbonate aqueous solution is used.
- a resist pattern is formed by eluting the unexposed portion with a developing solution.
- the negative photosensitive resist has a problem that the sensitivity changes with the lapse of time and a problem that residues of resist components are generated on the surface of the base material after development. Further, when the resist is stripped after the metal etching process, it is necessary to use a special stripping solution containing a strong alkaline or organic amine.
- a positive type photosensitive resist is less susceptible to the influence of oxygen in the air which inhibits photopolymerization, and has a small sensitivity change due to aging.
- the treatment has the advantage that the resist pattern can be easily dissolved and peeled off. Further, the resist is less likely to swell in the developing solution as compared with the negative photosensitive resist, which is advantageous for a fine pattern.
- liquid resists have been widely used for positive photosensitive resists, and as a method for forming a resist layer on a substrate, a method of directly coating the substrate by spin coating or roll coating is applied. Has been done.
- a liquid resist there is a large amount of liquid loss, which requires coating work. Since the positive type photosensitive resist is expensive, the loss of liquid is not preferable.
- the positive type photosensitive resist which has been widely used from the past, a quinonediazide-based material and a material containing a novolac resin as a main component can be mentioned.
- a support such as a polyethylene terephthalate film to form a positive-type dry film resist
- the adhesive force between the support film and the positive-type photosensitive resist layer is high, and it is laminated on the substrate.
- the support film was not peeled off in the step of peeling the support film after thermocompression bonding (for example, Patent Document 1).
- the positive type photosensitive resist layer can be attached to the base material, since the novolac resin does not have sufficient adhesion to the base material such as the copper clad laminate, the side etching amount in the etching process is small. However, there is a problem that the line width becomes large and the line width varies.
- the novolac resin is hard, the film quality is brittle, and lacks in flexibility, there was a problem that it was difficult to stick to the base material when it was thermocompression bonded onto the base material by the laminating method. It is possible to laminate by supplying sufficient heat and pressure by means of increasing the temperature of the heat roll of the laminator, slowing the conveying speed, etc. However, if a temperature of 130° C. or higher is applied, the support Is softened, causing the problem of expansion and contraction. In addition, since the positive photosensitive resist layer is hard to be sufficiently softened, there may be a problem that air bubbles enter between the substrate and the positive photosensitive resist layer.
- the softening point of the positive photosensitive resist layer is lowered, It may give laminating properties.
- the positive type photosensitive resist layer is stored at room temperature for a long time.
- blocking there is a problem called "blocking" in which the film sticks to the support film on the opposite side.
- a measure of attaching a polyethylene film or a polypropylene film as a protective film to the photosensitive resist layer is adopted.
- a positive type dry film resist when a polyethylene film or a polypropylene film is used as a protective film, it does not have sufficient adhesion and it is difficult to attach the protective film at room temperature. When attached, wrinkles were generated on the polyethylene film or polypropylene film, which was a problem.
- the positive photosensitive resist layer hard so as not to block.
- the positive photosensitive resist layer lacks flexibility in the first place, the above-mentioned problems are more likely to occur.
- the positive photosensitive resist layer lacks flexibility and is brittle, when the positive dry film resist is bent, cracks may occur.
- there is a problem in forming the positive type dry film resist into a roll shape That is, normally, slit processing is performed from a wide roll to a roll product having a desired width, but cracks are likely to occur in the brittle positive photosensitive resist layer, and chips are likely to be produced from the ends.
- a roll-shaped positive type dry film resist is continuously thermocompression-bonded to a single substrate, but it is necessary to cut the positive type dry film resist between the respective substrates.
- the photosensitive resist layer is easily cracked and chips are easily generated. Then, there may be a problem that the chips adhere to the base material and become defective (for example, Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 3 is composed of a peelable support layer (support film) having a release layer, a first layer of a photoresist layer, and a second layer of a crosslinkable or crosslinkable organic polymer that can be applied in this order. Multilayer dry film photoresists are disclosed. Further, Patent Document 4 discloses a resist film including a support film (support film), a dry film resist film for reinforcing the mechanical strength of the resist film, and a resist film used for pattern formation. ing. The release layer can facilitate the release of the support film after thermocompression bonding.
- the positive type dry film resist is bent, it is further cut or slit so that cracking of the positive type photosensitive resist layer does not occur and the peeling layer or the positive type photosensitive resist layer is not peeled off. In this case, it is necessary to increase the adhesion between the release layer and the positive type photosensitive resist layer so that cracking does not occur.
- the adhesion between the release layer and the positive photosensitive resist layer becomes stronger, only the support film tends to be peeled off during the peeling after thermocompression bonding, and the release layer tends to remain on the positive photosensitive resist layer.
- Patent Document 4 since the dry film resist film for reinforcing the mechanical strength is removed by a chemical treatment and then the resist film is used to form a pattern, the problem of image defects due to gas does not occur, but it is called a chemical treatment. It is necessary to increase the process. Therefore, it is required that the support film and the peeling layer can be easily peeled from the interface between the positive photosensitive resist layer and the peeling layer after the positive dry film resist is thermocompression-bonded to the substrate.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a positive type dry film resist having at least one of the following characteristics, and an etching method using the positive type dry film resist.
- the support film and the release layer can be easily peeled from the interface between the positive type photosensitive resist layer and the release layer after the positive dry film resist is thermocompression-bonded to the substrate.
- the side etching amount is small, the line width does not fluctuate, and a fine pattern can be formed.
- ⁇ 4> The positive type dry according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein the novolac resin contains an o-cresol novolac resin having a mass average molecular weight (Mw) of 16000 to 75000, and the quinonediazidesulfonic acid ester contains a naphthoquinonediazidesulfonic acid ester.
- Film resist a mass average molecular weight (Mw) of 16000 to 75000
- Mw mass average molecular weight
- ⁇ 5> The positive type dry film resist according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol contains polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 82 mol% or more.
- Corona discharge treatment is applied to the (b) release layer side of the support film, (b) the thickness of the release layer is 1 to 4 ⁇ m, and (c) the thickness of the positive photosensitive resist layer.
- the positive type dry film resist according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>, having a size of 3 to 8 ⁇ m.
- ⁇ 7> At least (a) a support film, (b) a release layer, (c) a positive photosensitive resist layer, and (d) a protective film are laminated in this order, and (d) the protective film is a self-adhesive resin film.
- the positive type dry film resist according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 6>.
- a positive type photosensitive resist layer (c) of the positive type dry film resist according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 6> is attached to at least one surface of a substrate by a laminating method, and (a) a support film and (b) ) Simultaneously removing the release layer, then exposing the desired pattern, then developing the (c) positive type photosensitive resist layer with a developer to form a resist pattern, and then etching the substrate, Next, an etching method in which the resist is stripped with a stripping solution.
- the positive photosensitive resist layer (c) of the positive dry film resist is attached to at least one surface of the substrate by a laminating method, (A) the support film and (b) the release layer are removed at the same time, then a desired pattern is exposed, and then (c) a positive photosensitive resist layer is developed with a developer to form a resist pattern, Next, an etching method in which the base material is subjected to etching treatment, and then the resist is stripped with a stripping solution.
- the positive dry film resist of the present invention as shown in FIG. 1, at least (a) a support film, (b) a release layer, and (c) a positive photosensitive resist layer are laminated in this order. Become. According to the positive type dry film resist of the present invention, the above-mentioned problems can be solved.
- the positive photosensitive resist layer contains a novolac resin that is hard and has low flexibility, but the (b) peeling layer allows the adhesion between the (b) peeling layer and the (c) positive photosensitive resist layer. And the positive dry film resist is bent or the positive dry film resist is cut or slit, cracks are less likely to occur. Further, the adhesion between (a) the support film and (b) the peeling layer is also strong, and even when the positive type dry film resist is bent, peeling between the (a) support film and the (b) peeling layer, and Peeling between the peeling layer (b) and the positive type photosensitive resist layer (c) hardly occurs.
- B When the content of polyvinyl alcohol is 80% by mass or more with respect to the total amount of non-volatile components in the release layer, the adhesion becomes stronger regardless of the adhesion force.
- the positive photosensitive resist layer contains polypropylene glycol glyceryl ether
- the positive photosensitive resist layer can be softened to improve the laminating property. Further, by containing polypropylene glycol glyceryl ether, (c) the positive type photosensitive resist layer without deteriorating the photosensitive property and the developing property such as the sensitivity, the alkali developability, the resist shape, etc. of the positive type photosensitive resist layer.
- the resist layer can be softened, bubbles can be prevented from entering between the positive type photosensitive resist layer (c) and the substrate, and good adhesion can be achieved.
- the novolak resin contained in the positive photosensitive resist layer (c) contains an o-cresol novolac resin having a mass average molecular weight (Mw) of 16000 to 75000, (b) a release layer containing polyvinyl alcohol and (c) Even if the positive type dry film resist is cut or slit, the positive type photosensitive resist layer has a high adhesion force and the (a) support film and (b) peeling layer are firmly adhered to each other. Is unlikely to occur. Further, even when the positive type dry film resist is bent, peeling of the (b) peeling layer or the (c) positive type photosensitive resist layer is unlikely to occur.
- Mw mass average molecular weight
- the novolac resin contains an o-cresol novolac resin having a mass average molecular weight (Mw) of 16000 to 75000, (c) the adhesive force between the positive photosensitive resist layer and the substrate is excellent, and the line width after etching is excellent. Variation is reduced.
- the support film needs to be peeled off, but (b) the peeling layer contains polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 82 mol% or more,
- the support film (a) and the release layer (b) can be easily peeled from the interface between the release layer (b) and the positive photosensitive resist layer (c).
- the adhesive strength with the base material is excellent and the variation in line width after etching is reduced.
- the corona discharge treatment is applied to the (b) release layer side of the (a) support film, the adhesion with the (b) release layer is increased, and (c) the positive photosensitive resist layer It becomes easy to peel off the support film (a) and the release layer (b) at the same time. Further, when the thickness of the (b) release layer is 1 to 4 ⁇ m, leveling proceeds during coating, and pinhole defects caused by bubbles and the like can be reduced.
- the thickness of the release layer is as thin as 4 ⁇ m or less, (a) if the support film is subjected to corona discharge treatment, after applying the positive dry film resist to the substrate, It is difficult to peel from the interface between the (a) support film and the (b) release layer, and the (a) support film and (b) release layer can be easily removed at the same time.
- the positive photosensitive resist layer (c) is often hard and has low flexibility, but since it has a thickness of 3 to 8 ⁇ m, the positive dry film resist is cut from the end portion when cut or slitted. Chips are less likely to be generated, and the (a) support film and (b) release layer can be easily peeled from the interface between (b) release layer and (c) positive photosensitive resist layer.
- the positive type dry film resist of the present invention in another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, at least (a) a support film, (b) a release layer, (c) a positive type photosensitive resist layer, and (d) a protective film. Are laminated in this order. (D) Since the protective film is a self-adhesive resin film, it is not necessary to heat the (c) positive type photosensitive resist layer to attach the (d) protective film, and the positive type dry film resist is used. Even if cut or slit, cracks and chips are unlikely to occur, and blocking is also unlikely to occur.
- ⁇ Positive dry film resist> In one aspect of the positive dry film resist of the present invention, at least (a) a support film, (b) a release layer, and (c) a positive photosensitive resist layer are laminated in this order. In another aspect, at least (a) a support film, (b) a release layer, (c) a positive photosensitive resist layer, and (d) a protective film are laminated in this order.
- the release layer (b) contains polyvinyl alcohol
- the positive photosensitive resist layer (c) contains a novolac resin and a quinonediazide sulfonic acid ester as main components.
- any film may be used as long as it can form the release layer (b) and can be released after the positive type dry film resist is attached to the substrate by the laminating method. .. It may be a transparent film that transmits light, or a white film or a colored film that blocks light.
- polyolefins such as polypropylene and polyethylene; polyimides; polyester films such as polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene terephthalate and flame-retardant polyethylene terephthalate; films of polycarbonate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetherimide, modified polyphenylene ether, polyurethane and the like can be used.
- the thickness of the support film is preferably 1 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 12 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the (b) release layer side of the (a) support film is subjected to corona discharge treatment before forming the (b) release layer.
- corona discharge treatment corona discharge is applied from the electrode toward the surface of the support film.
- a preferable corona discharge amount is 10 to 200 W ⁇ min/m 2 .
- the release layer contains polyvinyl alcohol.
- the release layer (b) can be formed by applying the aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol, which is the release layer coating solution, onto the support film (a).
- an aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution is used (a) the corona discharge of the support film.
- the peeling layer (b) can be formed by coating on the treated surface (corona discharge treated surface) and drying.
- the (b) release layer has a characteristic that the (c) positive photosensitive resist layer can be uniformly formed on the (b) release layer. Further, the adhesive force between the (a) support film and the (b) release layer is excellent, and the adhesive force between the (b) release layer and the (c) positive type photosensitive resist layer is also excellent.
- the content of polyvinyl alcohol in the release layer (b) is preferably 80 to 100% by mass, more preferably 90 to 100% by mass, based on the total nonvolatile content of the release layer (b). It is more preferably 95 to 100% by mass.
- the content is less than 80% by mass, the adhesion between the (b) release layer and the (b) positive photosensitive resist layer is increased, so that the (b) release layer and the (a) support film are combined together. In some cases, it may be difficult to peel it off.
- the peeling layer may remain on the positive photosensitive resist (c), or (c) the positive photosensitive resist layer There is a risk of partial peeling.
- total non-volatile content means (b) peeling when the coating liquid for peeling layer is applied onto (a) the support film and sufficiently dried (b) to form the peeling layer. It refers to the mass of the entire layer.
- the remaining components include low molecular weight compounds such as plasticizers or high molecular weight compounds.
- these compounds include polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, poly(meth)acrylic acid, poly(meth)acrylic acid ester, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), glue, casein, sodium alginate, vinyl acetate resin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly Water-soluble resins such as acryloylmorpholine can be mentioned.
- the polyvinyl alcohol used in the release layer (b) preferably contains polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 82 mol% or more, and particularly preferably polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 82 mol% or more.
- the polyvinyl alcohol has a high adhesion between the (a) support film and the (b) release layer and a high adhesion between the (b) release layer and the (c) positive type photosensitive resist layer.
- the degree of saponification of the polyvinyl alcohol is more preferably 82 to 99.5 mol%, further preferably 83 to 98 mol%.
- the polyvinyl alcohol to be used may be unmodified, or may be partially modified by introducing a modifying group to impart functionality such as water resistance, solvent resistance, heat resistance, barrier property and flexibility. Further, a synthetic product or a commercially available product may be used.
- the content of polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 82 mol% or more is preferably 80 to 100% by mass, and preferably 90 to 100% by mass, based on the total nonvolatile content of the release layer (b). More preferably, it is more preferably 95 to 100% by mass.
- the content is less than 80% by mass, the adhesion between the (b) release layer and the (c) positive type photosensitive resist layer becomes too high, so that the (b) release layer and the (a) support film are formed. It may be difficult to peel them together, and (a) when peeling the support film, (b) the peeling layer remains on (c) the positive photosensitive resist, or (c) the positive photosensitive.
- the resist layer may be partially peeled off.
- the remaining components are not particularly limited, but include the above-mentioned low molecular weight compounds such as plasticizers or polymer compounds. Further, polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of less than 82 mol% can be mentioned.
- the thickness of the release layer (b) is preferably 1 to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ m, further preferably 1 to 4 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 1 to 2 ⁇ m. If the thickness is less than 1 ⁇ m, problems such as uneven thickness and pinholes may easily occur when a film is formed. If it is thicker than 20 ⁇ m, the coating liquid for the release layer (b) is water-based, so that it is difficult to dry and the drying step after coating tends to be prolonged. Further, in order to solve the problem that (b) bubbles remain in the release layer coating liquid and pinhole defects occur due to the bubbles, the thickness of the (b) release layer is preferably 4 ⁇ m or less. (B) The thickness of the release layer is the thickness after drying.
- the positive photosensitive resist layer (c) contains a novolac resin and a quinonediazide sulfonic acid ester as main components.
- “Containing as a main component” means that the total content of the novolac resin and the quinonediazide sulfonic acid ester is 60% by mass or more based on the total amount of non-volatile components in the positive photosensitive resist layer (c).
- the content is more preferably 70% by mass or more, further preferably 75% by mass or more, and the upper limit value is 100% by mass.
- total non-volatile content means the case where the positive type photosensitive resist layer coating liquid is applied onto the (b) release layer and sufficiently dried (c) to form the positive type photosensitive resist layer.
- (C) means the total mass of the positive photosensitive resist layer.
- the novolak resin is a resin obtained by condensing phenols or naphthols with aldehydes or ketones using an acid catalyst.
- phenols as used herein also refers to "the whole of a phenolic hydroxyl group bonded to an aromatic ring such as a benzene ring” such as cresols, xylenols, resorcinols, catechols, resorcinols, and pyrogallol. It includes.
- the novolac resin include phenol novolac resin, cresol novolac resin, xylenol novolac resin, resorcinol novolac resin, and naphthol novolac resin.
- the phenols or naphthols used as the raw material of the novolac resin are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include phenol, o-cresol, m-cresol, p-cresol, o-ethylphenol, m-ethylphenol, p-ethylphenol.
- the aldehydes or ketones used to obtain the novolac resin are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propylaldehyde, butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, furfural, benzaldehyde, hydroxybenzaldehyde, methoxybenzaldehyde, hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde.
- aldehydes or ketones can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds. Moreover, you may use these condensates.
- the novolac resin preferably contains an o-cresol novolac resin, and more preferably contains an o-cresol novolac resin having a mass average molecular weight (Mw) of 16000 to 75000.
- the “o-cresol novolac resin” means aldehydes or novolac resin raw materials containing 50 to 100 mol% of o-cresol with respect to the entire phenols or naphthols as raw materials for novolac resins. It refers to a resin containing 50 to 100 mol% of formaldehyde or a condensate of formaldehyde with respect to the entire ketones.
- the content of o-cresol is more preferably 60 to 100 mol %, further preferably 70 to 100 mlo %, further preferably 80 to 100 mol %, further preferably 90 to 100 mol %, and more preferably 96 to 100 mol. % Is particularly preferable.
- the content of formaldehyde or a condensate of formaldehyde is more preferably 60 to 100 mol %, further preferably 70 to 100 mol %, further preferably 80 to 100 mol %, further preferably 90 to 100 mol %. It is preferable that the content is preferably 96 to 100 mol %.
- the remaining components include, but are not limited to, the above-mentioned “phenols or naphthols” and the like.
- the remaining components include, but are not particularly limited to, the above-mentioned "aldehydes or ketones”.
- the mass average molecular weight of the o-cresol novolac resin is 16000 or more, the acid resistance and the adhesion to the substrate can be increased, and the effect of reducing the side etch amount in the etching process is easily obtained.
- the mass average molecular weight is 75,000 or less, the sensitivity is improved and the adhesion to the base material is significantly increased, so that the side etching amount in the etching process is easily reduced.
- a more preferable weight average molecular weight is 22,000 to 51,000, and a further preferable weight average molecular weight is 26000 to 43000.
- the mass average molecular weight refers to a polystyrene equivalent mass average molecular weight measured by a high performance liquid chromatograph.
- the content of the above-mentioned “o-cresol novolac resin having a mass average molecular weight (Mw) of 16000 to 75000” with respect to the entire “(c) novolac resin contained in the positive photosensitive resist layer” is 60 to 100% by mass. It is preferably 70 to 100% by mass, more preferably 80 to 100% by mass, and particularly preferably 90 to 100% by mass. By setting the content within the above range, the above-mentioned effects are particularly obtained.
- the other novolac resins include the above-mentioned novolac resins, the novolac resins obtained from the above-mentioned raw materials, and the mass average molecular weight (Mw) is in the range of 16000 to 75000. There is no o-cresol novolac resin.
- quinonediazidesulfonic acid ester (c) contained in the positive photosensitive resist layer include, for example, o-naphthoquinonediazidesulfonic acid ester of 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone and 2,3,4-trihydroxy ester.
- examples thereof include o-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid ester of benzophenone and o-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid ester of 2,3,4,4′-tetrahydroxybenzophenone.
- quinone diazide sulfonic acid ester of phenol resin quinone diazide sulfonic acid ester of cumylphenol, quinone diazide sulfonic acid ester of pyrogallol/acetone resin and the like can be mentioned.
- the quinone diazide sulfonic acid ester contains a naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid ester.
- the blending amount of the quinonediazide sulfonic acid ester is preferably 10 to 50 parts by mass, and more preferably 15 to 40 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the novolac resin. With this blending amount, the acid resistance and the adhesion to the substrate are remarkably excellent, and it is suitable for etching processing of various materials such as metal and metal oxide film.
- the above-mentioned "novolak resin containing an o-cresol novolak resin having a mass average molecular weight (Mw) of 16000 to 75000" is contained, and the quinonediazide sulfonate is naphtho. It is particularly preferred to include a quinonediazide sulfonic acid ester.
- the positive photosensitive resist layer preferably contains polypropylene glycol glyceryl ether.
- the polypropylene glycol glyceryl ether preferably has an average molecular weight of 300 to 3500, more preferably 500 to 1500. When the average molecular weight is less than 300, the non-exposed area may be eluted in the developing solution, and when the average molecular weight is more than 3500, the exposed area may be difficult to elute in the developing solution.
- the positive type photosensitive resist layer can be softened without impairing the photosensitive characteristics such as sensitivity, alkali developability, and resist shape and developing characteristics, and (c) ) It is useful because it can be satisfactorily attached to a base material without bubbles entering between the positive type photosensitive resist layer and the base material.
- M, n, and o in the general formula (i) are the numbers of repeating units in the general formula (i), and all are 0 or a natural number.
- the polypropylene glycol glyceryl ether content is preferably 1 to 30% by mass, more preferably 3 to 20% by mass, based on the total amount of the novolac resin, the quinonediazide sulfonic acid ester and the polypropylene glycol glyceryl ether.
- the content of the polypropylene glycol glyceryl ether is less than 1% by mass, the softening of the positive photosensitive resist layer (c) may be insufficient and it may be difficult to laminate it on the substrate. If it is more than 30% by mass, Even the resist pattern in the unexposed area may swell with the developing solution and be detached from the substrate.
- the positive photosensitive resist layer (c) may contain other components, if necessary.
- a resin such as a carboxyl group-containing poly(meth)acrylate, polyurethane, vinyl acetate resin, or polyamide may be contained.
- other components such as these resins, flexibility, etching liquid resistance, developability, and adhesion may be improved.
- solvents such as fragrances, thermosetting agents, water repellents and oil repellents may be contained.
- the thickness of the positive photosensitive resist layer (c) is preferably 1 to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 10 ⁇ m, further preferably 3 to 8 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 4 to 6 ⁇ m. If it is less than 1 ⁇ m, air bubbles may easily enter during thermocompression bonding to the substrate. Further, problems such as uneven thickness and pinholes are likely to occur when a film is formed. On the other hand, if it is thicker than 20 ⁇ m, the light does not reach the bottom of the positive photosensitive resist layer (c) during exposure, the bottom of the resist pattern becomes thick, and fine lines may not be formed in some cases. In order to form accurate fine lines, the thickness of the positive photosensitive resist layer (c) is preferably 8 ⁇ m or less.
- the fine line means a line having a width of 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the positive photosensitive resist layer (c) is 8 ⁇ m or less, a line having a width of 5 ⁇ m or less can be formed. Further, it is possible to suppress the generation of chips from the end when cutting or slitting the positive dry film resist, and further, when the positive dry film resist is bent, (c) the positive photosensitive resist layer is formed. Less likely to crack or peel.
- the thickness of the positive photosensitive resist layer is the thickness after drying.
- a roll coater and a comma coater are used as (a) a method of forming a (b) release layer on a support film and (b) a method of providing a (c) positive photosensitive resist layer on the release layer. Coating methods using a gravure coater, an air knife, a die coater, a bar coater and the like can be mentioned.
- the positive type dry film resist of the present invention may optionally cover the (c) positive type photosensitive resist layer with (d) a protective film.
- the protective film is provided to prevent (c) blocking of the positive photosensitive resist layer on the (a) support film when the positive dry film resist is wound, and It is provided on the positive type photosensitive resist layer (c) on the side opposite to the body film and the release layer (b).
- the protective film (d) one having a small fish eye is preferred.
- polyvinyl chloride film, polyethylene film, polypropylene film, polyester film and the like can be mentioned.
- the (d) protective film it is preferable to use a self-adhesive resin film.
- the self-adhesive resin film is a film in which a base material layer and an adhesive layer are formed by coextrusion. Such a self-adhesive resin film is suitable because there is little concern about contamination of products due to outgas components, adhesive residue, component transfer, and the like. Further, the positive photosensitive resist layer (c) can be covered with the protective film (d) without heating.
- the self-adhesive resin film is composed of at least a base material layer and an adhesive layer, the base material layer does not have self-adhesiveness, and examples of the material thereof include those described above.
- the adhesive layer one that can be bonded to a PMMA (polymethacrylate) plate at 23° C. and has an adhesive force of 0.01 N/50 mm width or more and 0.30 N/50 mm width or less is used. It is preferable.
- the adhesive layer examples include ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers; polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene; polyamides; synthetic rubbers; polyacrylates; polyurethanes;
- the material of the adhesive layer is designed to have a self-adhesive property by adjusting the molecular weight and adding a plasticizer.
- Examples of products available from the market include Tretec (registered trademark, manufactured by Toray Film Co., Ltd.), FSA (registered trademark, manufactured by Futamura Chemical Co., Ltd.), Sanitect (registered trademark, manufactured by San-A Kaken Co., Ltd.), etc. Can be mentioned.
- the thickness of the self-adhesive resin film is preferably 5 to 100 ⁇ m. If the thickness of the self-adhesive resin film is thinner than 5 ⁇ m, the handling property may be difficult, and if it is thicker than 100 ⁇ m, the cost may be high, the roll-shaped body may be bulky, and the mass may be increased.
- the positive dry film resist of the present invention is attached to at least one surface of a base material by a laminating method such that the positive type photosensitive resist layer (c) is in contact with the base material. It is preferable to attach it.
- the positive type dry film resist of the present invention has (d) the protective film, it is attached to at least one surface of the substrate after the (d) protective film is peeled off.
- the base material according to the present invention is a base material on which an etching process is performed, and is determined by a product.
- a metal-containing base material is selected.
- base material containing metal such as copper, copper-based alloys (titanium-copper alloy, copper-nickel alloy, etc.), nickel, chromium, iron, tungsten, stainless steel, iron-based alloys such as 42 alloy, aluminum, amorphous alloy, etc.
- a metal oxide film such as ITO or FTO can be used.
- a copper clad laminate, a (non)electrolytically plated substrate, a flexible copper clad laminate, a flexible stainless steel plate, a laminate, etc., which are used in the production of printed wiring boards and the like can be used.
- a laminating method is used as a method of attaching the positive type dry film resist of the present invention to at least one surface of the base material.
- a general thermal laminator for printed circuit boards and a vacuum laminator can be used.
- the nip pressure, conveyance speed, and roll temperature differ depending on the substrate used, but any conditions may be used as long as they can be attached by thermocompression bonding without bubbles or unevenness.
- the support film and (b) the release layer are removed from (c) the positive type photosensitive resist layer.
- the support film and (b) the peeling layer can be simultaneously removed by peeling or the like as described above. However, this does not exclude the aspect of (a) removing only the support film, and even in that case, the remaining (b) peeling layer is simultaneously developed by a developing solution at the time of subsequent development to form a resist pattern. Can be removed.
- the exposure method is laser direct drawing, contact exposure through a photomask, projection exposure, or the like.
- a light source for exposure an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, a xenon lamp, a laser, an LED or the like can be used.
- An alkaline aqueous solution is usefully used as the developer used for the development.
- the basic compound used in the developer include inorganic basic compounds such as alkali metal silicates, alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal phosphates, alkali metal carbonates, ammonium phosphates and ammonium carbonates.
- An organic basic compound such as ethanolamine, ethylenediamine, propanediamine, triethylenetetramine, morpholine, tetramethylammonium hydroxide; and the like.
- the concentration, temperature, spray pressure, etc. of the developer In order to adjust the developability of the positive type photosensitive resist layer (c) in the exposed area, it is necessary to adjust the concentration, temperature, spray pressure, etc. of the developer.
- the concentration of the basic compound in the developer is preferably 1 to 4% by mass in the case of potassium hydroxide.
- a dip processing device, a shower spray device, or the like can be used as the device.
- the base material is etched.
- any etching solution, apparatus and method may be used as long as they can dissolve and remove the base material used.
- the etching solution include alkaline ammonia, sulfuric acid-hydrogen peroxide, cupric chloride, persulfate, ferric chloride, aqua regia, and the like.
- the device and method for example, a device and method such as horizontal spray etching and immersion etching can be used. These details are described in "Printed Circuit Technical Handbook” (edited by Japan Printed Circuit Industry Association, published in 1987, published by Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun).
- the resist is stripped with a stripping solution, but before that, the resist pattern may be exposed to ultraviolet rays.
- the positive photosensitive resist layer (c) can be easily removed by a stripping solution.
- An alkaline aqueous solution is usefully used as the stripping solution.
- the basic compound used in the stripping solution include inorganic basic compounds such as alkali metal silicates, alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal phosphates, alkali metal carbonates, ammonium phosphates and ammonium carbonates.
- An organic basic compound such as ethanolamine, ethylenediamine, propanediamine, triethylenetetramine, morpholine, tetramethylammonium hydroxide; and the like.
- the stripping solution concentration is preferably a concentration suitable for solubility, and when the basic compound is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, it is preferably 1 to 4% by mass.
- a dip processing device, an ultrasonic device, a shower spray device, or the like can be used as the device.
- Examples 1-1 to 1-8 95 parts by mass of water is added to 5 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol (trade name: Kuraray Poval 44-88, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., saponification degree: 87.0 to 89.0 mol %), and dissolved by stirring with warm water. A 5% by mass aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution (coating liquid for the release layer) was obtained.
- a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film ((a) support film, trade name: DIAFOIL (registered trademark) T100, 25 ⁇ m thick, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd.) was coated, and 90 After drying at 10° C. for 10 minutes to remove water, a (b) release layer containing polyvinyl alcohol having a thickness of 3 ⁇ m was provided on the PET film to obtain a laminated film of (a) support film and (b) release layer. ..
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- o-cresol novolac resin mass average molecular weight 44000
- the solution dissolved in 300 parts by mass of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate was filtered through a membrane filter (pore size: 1 ⁇ m) to obtain the positive type photosensitive resist layer coating solutions of Examples 1-1 to 1-7.
- Component G (Example 1-1) Uniol (registered trademark) TG-330 (polypropylene glycol glyceryl ether, average molecular weight 330, manufactured by NOF CORPORATION) (Example 1-2) Uniol TG-1000R (polypropylene glycol glyceryl ether, average molecular weight 1000, manufactured by NOF CORPORATION) (Example 1-3) Uniol TG-3000 (polypropylene glycol glyceryl ether, average molecular weight 3000, manufactured by NOF CORPORATION) (Example 1-4) Uniol D-1000 (polypropylene glycol, average molecular weight 1000, manufactured by NOF CORPORATION) (Example 1-5) Uniol D-4000 (polypropylene glycol, average molecular weight 4000, manufactured by NOF CORPORATION) (Example 1-6) UNIOX (registered trademark) M-1000 (polyethylene glycol, average mole
- o-cresol novolac resin mass average molecular weight 44000
- 24 parts by mass of o-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid ester of 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzophenone were added to ethylene without containing "Component G”.
- this solution was filtered through a membrane filter (pore size 1 ⁇ m) to obtain a coating liquid for positive photosensitive resist layer of Example 1-8.
- each of the positive type photosensitive resist layer coating solutions described above was applied to the release layer surface (b) of the laminated film prepared above with a wire bar and dried at 90° C. for 10 minutes to remove the solvent.
- a positive dry film resist having the three-layer structure of Examples 1-1 to 1-8 ((a) support film/(b) release layer/(c) positive photosensitive resist layer) was prepared.
- C) The thickness of the positive photosensitive resist layer was 7 ⁇ m.
- the positive type photosensitive resist layer (c) of the positive type dry film resists of Examples 1-1 to 1-8 above is the copper layer. It was attached so as to contact the surface. At that time, a general laminator for a printed circuit board was used. The lamination conditions were a roll temperature of 100° C., a conveying speed of 0.5 m/min, and a pressure of 0.2 MPa. At that time, in Examples 1-1 to 1-7, (c) the positive photosensitive resist layer could be attached to the surface of the copper layer.
- Example 1-8 the copper layer was not firmly adhered to the surface and (c) air bubbles were generated between the positive type photosensitive resist layer and the substrate. However, at the roll temperature of 120° C., it was possible to adhere. It was However, (a) wrinkles were generated at the edges of the support film.
- the support film (a) and the release layer (b) were peeled from the copper-clad laminate from the interface between the release layer (b) and the positive photosensitive resist layer (c).
- the support film and (b) the release layer could be peeled from the interface between the (b) release layer and the (c) positive type photosensitive resist layer. ..
- a test chart mask having lines and spaces of 30 ⁇ m and 60 ⁇ m was covered on (c) the positive photosensitive resist, suction-adhered, and exposed.
- a developing solution 1% by mass potassium hydroxide aqueous solution
- development was carried out.
- it was washed with water and dried. The formed resist pattern was observed with a microscope.
- Example 1-5 the positive type photosensitive resist layer (c) remained in the exposed portion, but the positive type photosensitive resist layer (c) remained by increasing the temperature of the developer to 50° C. could be removed. A resist pattern having a line & space of 60 ⁇ m could be formed, but a line of 30 ⁇ m did not remain.
- a ferric chloride solution at 60° C. was prepared, and spray treatment was performed at a pressure of 0.2 MPa for about 5 minutes to etch the copper layer. Then, washing with water and drying were carried out immediately. Next, ultraviolet rays of 300 mJ/cm 2 were irradiated on the entire surface, and subsequently, the resist was stripped by immersing it in a stripping solution (1% by mass potassium hydroxide aqueous solution) at 40° C. for 3 minutes.
- a stripping solution 1% by mass potassium hydroxide aqueous solution
- the positive type dry film resist of the present invention enables good resist pattern formation and good etching. Further, according to the positive type dry film resist (c) in which the positive type photosensitive resist layer contains polypropylene glycol glyceryl ether, in particular, no bubbles are generated between the positive type photosensitive resist layer and the substrate, and It was found that a fine resist pattern can be formed.
- Examples 2-1 to 2-7 The polyvinyl alcohol shown in Table 1 was prepared, 80 parts by mass of water was added to 5 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol, and the mixture was dissolved by stirring with warm water to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution. Next, 15 parts by mass of ethanol was added to prepare a release layer coating liquid having a solid content of 5% by mass.
- PET film ((a) support film, trade name: DIAFOIL (registered trademark) T100, 25 ⁇ m thick, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd.) was applied to one surface of Examples 2-1 to 2-2.
- the release layer coating liquid of -7 was applied and dried at 90° C. for 10 minutes to remove water, thereby providing (b) release layer (thickness 8 ⁇ m) on the PET film.
- o-cresol novolac resin mass average molecular weight 44,000
- 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzophenone o-naphthoquinonediazide sulfonic acid ester were mixed with ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate. After dissolving in 300 parts by mass, this solution was filtered through a membrane filter (pore size: 1 ⁇ m) to obtain a positive type photosensitive resist layer coating liquid.
- the positive type photosensitive resist layer coating liquid is applied to the (b) release layer surface of the (a) support film provided with the (b) release layer with a wire bar and then at 80° C. for 10 minutes. After drying, the solvent was removed to prepare a positive dry film resist having a three-layer structure ((a) support film/(b) release layer/(c) positive photosensitive resist layer).
- the positive type photosensitive resist layer (c) of the positive type dry film resists of the above Examples 2-1 to 2-7 is brought into contact with the copper layer surface of the polished and degreased copper clad laminate. It was pasted by thermocompression bonding. At that time, a general laminator for a printed circuit board was used. The lamination conditions were a roll temperature of 110° C., a conveying speed of 0.5 m/min, and a pressure of 0.2 MPa.
- the positive type dry film resist of the present invention enables good resist pattern formation and good etching.
- a positive type dry film resist containing polyvinyl alcohol containing polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 82 mol% or more (a) a support film and (b) peeling are performed after the positive type dry film resist is thermocompression-bonded to a substrate. It has been found that the layer can be easily peeled from the interface between the positive photosensitive resist layer (c) and the peeling layer (b), and cracks hardly occur.
- o-cresol novolac resin was produced in the same manner except that the amount of 37 mass% formalin was changed.
- the amount of 37% by weight formalin was changed to 397 parts by weight, 510 parts by weight, 624 parts by weight, 681 parts by weight, 695 parts by weight, and 709 parts by weight, and synthesis was performed, and the mass of the obtained o-cresol novolak resin was obtained.
- the average molecular weight it was 18,000, 25,000, 44,000, 58,000, 71,000, 80,000.
- a release layer coating liquid was prepared by adding 0.7 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol #600 to 100 parts by mass of the above 5% by mass polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution.
- a PET film ((a) support film, trade name: DIAFOIL (registered trademark) T100, 25 ⁇ m thick, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) and dried at 90° C. for 10 minutes.
- water was removed, and a (b) release layer containing polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol was provided on the PET film to a thickness of 3 ⁇ m to obtain a laminated film of (a) support film and (b) release layer ( Laminated film 2).
- the produced positive dry film resist was cut with a cutter into a size of 10 cm x 10 cm on a cutter mat.
- no crack was generated in Examples 3-1 to 3-10, but in Examples 3-11 to 3-14, within a range of 500 ⁇ m from the end.
- (C) The positive photosensitive resist layer had cracks.
- the positive type photosensitive resist layer (c) of the positive type dry film resists of the above Examples 3-1 to 3-14 is brought into contact with the copper layer surface of the copper clad laminate which has been polished and degreased. Pasted like.
- a general laminator for a printed circuit board was used. The lamination conditions were a roll temperature of 110° C., a conveying speed of 0.5 m/min, and a pressure of 0.2 MPa.
- the support film (a) and the release layer (b) were peeled from the copper-clad laminate from the interface between the release layer (b) and the positive photosensitive resist layer (c). All could be peeled off satisfactorily.
- a test chart mask having lines and spaces of 50 ⁇ m was covered on (c) the positive photosensitive resist layer, and suction-adhered to expose.
- a developing solution 1% by mass potassium hydroxide aqueous solution
- a ferric chloride solution at 60° C. was prepared, and spray treatment was performed at a pressure of 0.2 MPa for about 5 minutes to etch the copper layer. Then, washing with water and drying were carried out immediately. Next, 300 mJ/cm 2 of ultraviolet light was applied to the entire surface, and then the resist was stripped by immersing it in an alkali stripping solution (1% by mass potassium hydroxide aqueous solution) at 40° C. for 3 minutes. A 50 ⁇ m line pattern of the copper layer was observed, and the line width after etching was measured.
- an alkali stripping solution 1% by mass potassium hydroxide aqueous solution
- Table 3 shows the result of measuring the line width of the pattern after etching at four points.
- the line width was within the range of 45 to 48 ⁇ m, and it was confirmed that good etching with little side etching was performed.
- the line width was 41 to 47 ⁇ m, the variation in the line width was large, and the side etching was large.
- the positive type dry film resist of the present invention can form a good resist pattern.
- the novolac resin contains an o-cresol novolac resin having a mass average molecular weight (Mw) of 16000 to 75000 and the quinone diazide sulfonic acid ester contains a naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid ester, cut from the end when cutting. It was found that it is possible to perform good etching in which dust is unlikely to occur and which has little variation in line width when etching.
- Examples 4-1 to 4-12 Prepare polyvinyl alcohol (trade name: Kuraray Poval 44-88, degree of saponification 87.0 to 89.0 mol%), add 95 parts by mass of water to 5 parts by mass, and dissolve by stirring with warm water. An alcoholic aqueous solution (release layer coating liquid) was obtained.
- polyvinyl alcohol trade name: Kuraray Poval 44-88, degree of saponification 87.0 to 89.0 mol
- Corona discharge treatment was applied to one side of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film ((a) support film, trade name: DIAFOIL (registered trademark) T100, 25 ⁇ m thick, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) except for Examples 4-8. (Examples 4-1 to 4-12).
- the corona discharge amount was 15 W ⁇ min/m 2 .
- the corona discharge treated surface of the support film is coated with the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution using a wire bar and dried at 90° C. for 10 minutes to remove water, and (a) the support film.
- a release layer (b) was provided on the top.
- the film thickness of the release layer is shown in Table 4.
- o-cresol novolac resin mass average molecular weight 44,000
- 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzophenone o-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid ester were added to ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 300 After dissolving in a mass part, this solution was filtered with a membrane filter (pore size 1 ⁇ m) to obtain a coating liquid for positive type photosensitive resist layer.
- the positive type photosensitive resist layer coating liquid is applied to the (b) release layer surface of the (a) support film provided with the (b) release layer with a wire bar and then at 80° C. for 10 minutes. After drying, the solvent was removed to prepare a positive dry film resist having a three-layer structure ((a) support film/(b) release layer/(c) positive photosensitive resist layer). Table 4 shows the film thickness of the positive photosensitive resist layer (c).
- the positive type photosensitive resist layer (c) of the positive type dry film resists of Examples 4-1 to 4-12 is brought into contact with the copper layer surface of the polished and degreased copper clad laminate. As described above, they were attached by thermocompression bonding by the laminating method. At that time, a general laminator for a printed circuit board was used. The lamination conditions were a roll temperature of 110° C., a conveying speed of 0.5 m/min, and a pressure of 0.2 MPa.
- the support film (a) and the release layer (b) were peeled from the copper clad laminate to which the positive type dry film resist was attached.
- the (a) support film and the (b) release layer can be simultaneously peeled from the interface between the (b) release layer and the (c) positive type photosensitive resist layer. It was On the other hand, in Examples 4-8, when (a) the support film was peeled off, it was peeled from the interface between (a) the support film and (b) the release layer, and (b) the release layer was (c) the positive type photosensitive film. Remained on the positive resist layer.
- Example 4-9 and 4-10 pinhole defects were generated in the positive photosensitive resist layer (c) on the peeling layer (b) containing pinholes and bubbles. Further, in Example 4-11, (c) the positive photosensitive resist was not sufficiently pressure-bonded to the copper clad laminate, and the positive dry film resist was partly peeled from the copper clad laminate.
- Example 4-8 a test chart mask having a line and space of 50 ⁇ m was used in Examples 4-1 to 4-7, 4-9, and 4-10 by using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp UV irradiation device, and (c) a positive photosensitive resist.
- the release layer (b) was covered, suction-adhered, and exposed.
- it is immersed in a 1% by mass potassium hydroxide aqueous solution (developing solution) at 40° C. for 80 seconds, (c) the exposed portion of the positive photosensitive resist layer is removed, and development is performed to form a resist pattern. Formed.
- the peeling layer (b) was also removed at the same time of development. Then, it was washed with water and dried.
- Examples 4-1 to 4-7 When it was confirmed whether the lines and spaces equivalent to those of the test chart mask could be reproduced, in Examples 4-1 to 4-7, the reproducibility was good and there were no defects on the image lines. In Examples 4 to 8, there was a case where a circular chip defect was generated on the upper side of the edge portion of the image line, which is considered to be caused by gas generation during exposure. Further, in Examples 4-9 and 4-10, (c) positive-type photosensitive resist layer had some pinhole defects.
- the positive dry film resist of the present invention can both form a resist pattern and perform etching.
- the release film side of the support film (b) is subjected to corona discharge treatment, and (b) the release layer has a thickness of 1 to 4 ⁇ m, and (c) a positive photosensitive resist layer.
- a positive type dry film resist having a thickness of 3 to 8 ⁇ m, the support film and the peeling layer can be more easily peeled off simultaneously from the interface between the positive type photosensitive resist layer and the peeling layer after thermocompression bonding to the substrate. I was able to.
- chips are particularly unlikely to be generated from the end portion. Furthermore, pinhole defects were particularly unlikely to occur.
- Examples 5-1 to 5-6 95 parts by mass of water is added to 5 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol (trade name: Kuraray Poval 44-88, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., saponification degree: 87.0 to 89.0 mol %), and dissolved by stirring with warm water. A 5% by mass aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution (coating liquid for the release layer) was obtained.
- a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film ((a) support film, trade name: DIAFOIL (registered trademark) T100, 25 ⁇ m thick, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd.) was applied, and 90° C. And dried for 10 minutes to remove water, and a (b) release layer containing polyvinyl alcohol having a thickness of 3 ⁇ m was provided on the PET film to obtain a laminated film of (a) support film and (b) release layer. ..
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the (b) release layer surface of the laminated film prepared above is coated with the above-mentioned (c) coating liquid for positive photosensitive resist layer with a wire bar and dried at 90° C. for 10 minutes to prepare a solvent. Was removed.
- the following (d) protective film was prepared in order to form the (d) protective film on the formed (c) positive type photosensitive resist layer surface.
- (D) Protective film (Example 5-1) Tretec (registered trademark) 7332 (self-adhesive resin film, manufactured by Toray Film Co., Ltd.) (Example 5-2) Tretec 7832C (self-adhesive resin film, manufactured by Toray Film Co., Ltd.) (Example 5-3) Tretec 7H52 (self-adhesive resin film, manufactured by Toray Film Processing Co., Ltd.) (Example 5-4) FSA (registered trademark) 010M (self-adhesive resin film, manufactured by Futamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) (Example 5-5) GF1 (registered trademark) (polyethylene film, Tama Poly Co., Ltd.) (Example 5-6) Alphan (registered trademark) FG-201 (polypropylene film, manufactured by Oji Ftex Co., Ltd.)
- the above-mentioned (d) protective film was attached to the surface of the (c) positive photosensitive resist layer using a rubber roller.
- a general laminator for a printed circuit board was used.
- the laminating conditions were a roll temperature of 25° C., a conveying speed of 0.5 m/min, and a pressure of 0.2 MPa.
- the protective film (d) of Examples 5-1 to 5-4 could be attached neatly without air bubbles or wrinkles.
- Examples 5-5 and 5-6 could not be attached at room temperature. Therefore, it was possible to attach the laminate by raising the laminating temperature to 80° C. However, due to heat shrinkage, wrinkles were generated in the protective film (d) and the laminate could not be attached neatly.
- a positive dry film resist was cut into 10 cm x 10 cm using a cutter. Observation of the cut surface revealed that no chips were generated in the positive dry film resists of Examples 5-1 to 5-4. On the other hand, when the (d) protective film was not attached, the (c) positive photosensitive resist layer was liable to generate chips.
- the support film (a) and the release layer (b) were peeled from the copper-clad laminate from the interface between the release layer (b) and the positive photosensitive resist layer (c).
- the support film (a) could be peeled from the interface with the release layer (b).
- a test chart mask having lines and spaces of 30 ⁇ m was covered on (b) the peeling layer, suction-adhered, and exposed.
- a developing solution 1% by mass potassium hydroxide aqueous solution
- a developing solution 1% by mass potassium hydroxide aqueous solution
- the positive-type dry film resist of the present invention has (d) the protective film and (d) the self-adhesive resin film, the positive-type photosensitive resist having a brittle film quality It was found that even in the case of a layer, chips are less likely to be generated when slitting or cutting, and further blocking is less likely to occur between the support film and the positive photosensitive resist layer.
- a photosensitive resist layer (a) support film, trade name: Diafoil (registered trademark) T100, 25 ⁇ m thick, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), (c) positive mold A coating solution for a photosensitive resist layer is applied, dried at 90° C. for 10 minutes to remove the solvent component, and has a two-layer structure ((a) support film/((c) positive photosensitive resist layer).
- the positive type dry film resist of (c) was prepared, and the thickness of the positive type photosensitive resist layer (c) was 7 ⁇ m.
- the positive type photosensitive resist layer of the positive type dry film resist was attached to the copper layer surface of the copper clad laminate (base material) that had been polished and degreased so as to come into contact with the copper layer surface.
- a general laminator for a printed circuit board was used.
- the lamination conditions were a roll temperature of 100° C., a conveying speed of 0.5 m/min, and a pressure of 0.2 MPa.
- Acrylic copolymer containing carboxyl groups mass average molecular weight 100,000
- the obtained acrylic resin layer solution was subjected to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film ((a) support film, trade name: DIAFOIL (registered trademark) T100, 25 ⁇ m thick, Mitsubishi Chemical stock (Made by company), dried at 90° C. for 10 minutes to remove the solvent component, and provided on the PET film a (b) release layer made of acrylic resin with a thickness of 3 ⁇ m, (a) a support film And (b) a release layer laminated film was obtained.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- o-cresol novolac resin mass average molecular weight 44000
- 24 parts by mass of 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzophenone o-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonate and Uniol TG-1000R (polypropylene glycol glyceryl ether).
- Average molecular weight 1000, manufactured by NOF CORPORATION 14 parts by mass dissolved in 300 parts by mass of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, and filtered with a membrane filter (pore size 1 ⁇ m) to obtain (c) positive photosensitive resist.
- a coating liquid for layers was obtained.
- the (b) release layer surface of the laminated film prepared above was coated with the above-mentioned (c) coating liquid for a positive photosensitive resist layer with a wire bar and dried at 90° C. for 10 minutes. Then, the solvent was removed to prepare a positive dry film resist having a three-layer structure ((a) support film/(b) release layer/(c) positive photosensitive resist layer). (C) The thickness of the positive photosensitive resist layer was 7 ⁇ m.
- the positive type dry film resist cracked even if it was slightly bent.
- the (c) positive photosensitive resist layer was released from the (b) peeling layer in a large area and could not be used.
- the positive-type dry film resist of the present invention is used for manufacturing a printed wiring board, a lead frame, a metal mask, a shadow mask, a semiconductor package, an electrode member, an electromagnetic wave shield, etc. when etching a metal base material or performing metal processing by plating. It can be used as a resist.
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、このようにした場合、支持体フィルムにポジ型感光性レジスト層用の塗液を塗工し、乾燥した後に巻き取り、ロール状で保管すると、室温長期間保管でポジ型感光性レジスト層が、反対側の支持体フィルムにくっつく「ブロッキング」と呼ばれる問題が発生する。
しかしながら、ポジ型ドライフィルムレジストにおいて、ポリエチレンフィルムやポリプロピレンフィルムを保護フィルムと使用する場合、充分な密着力が無く、室温での保護フィルムの貼り付けが困難であり、また、熱をかけて保護フィルムを貼り付けた場合、ポリエチレンフィルムやポリプロピレンフィルムに皺が発生し問題であった。
また、通常、ロール状のポジ型ドライフィルムレジストを、枚葉の基材へ連続で熱圧着するが、各基材間でポジ型ドライフィルムレジストをカットする必要があり、その際にもポジ型感光性レジスト層が割れて、切り屑が発生し易い。そして、切り屑が基材の上に付着して欠陥となる問題が発生する場合があった(例えば、特許文献2)。
少なくとも(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層と(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層がこの順で積層してなり、(b)剥離層が、ポリビニルアルコールを含み、且つ、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層が、ノボラック樹脂及びキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステルを主成分として含むことを特徴とするポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト。
(b)剥離層の全不揮発分量に対して、ポリビニルアルコールの含有率が80質量%以上である<1>記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト。
(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層が、ポリプロピレングリコールグリセリルエーテルを含有する<1>又は<2>記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト。
上記ノボラック樹脂が質量平均分子量(Mw)16000~75000のo-クレゾールノボラック樹脂を含み、上記キノンジアジドスルホン酸エステルがナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステルを含む<1>~<3>のいずれか記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト。
上記ポリビニルアルコールが、けん化度82mol%以上のポリビニルアルコールを含む<1>~<4>のいずれか記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト。
(a)支持体フィルムの(b)剥離層側にコロナ放電処理が施されており、且つ(b)剥離層の厚さが1~4μmであり、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層の厚さが3~8μmである<1>~<5>のいずれか記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト。
少なくとも(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層と(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層と(d)保護フィルムがこの順で積層してなり、(d)保護フィルムが自己粘着性樹脂フィルムからなる<1>~<6>のいずれか記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト。
基材の少なくとも片面に、<1>~<6>のいずれか記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジストの(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層をラミネート法で貼り付け、(a)支持体フィルム及び(b)剥離層を同時に除去し、次に所望のパターンを露光し、次に現像液により(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層を現像してレジストパターンを形成し、次に基材をエッチング処理し、次に剥離液によりレジスト剥離を実施するエッチング方法。
<7>記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジストの(d)保護フィルムを剥がした後、基材の少なくとも片面に、ポジ型ドライフィルムレジストの(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層をラミネート法で貼り付け、(a)支持体フィルム及び(b)剥離層を同時に除去し、次に所望のパターンを露光し、次に現像液により(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層を現像してレジストパターンを形成し、次に基材をエッチング処理し、次に剥離液によりレジスト剥離を実施するエッチング方法。
また、(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層間の密着力も強固であり、ポジ型ドライフィルムレジストが折れ曲がった場合でも、(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層間での剥がれ、及び、(b)剥離層と(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層間での剥がれが発生し難い。
(b)剥離層の全不揮発分量に対して、ポリビニルアルコールの含有率が80質量%以上であることによって、上記何れの密着力であってもより強固になる。
また、ポジ型ドライフィルムレジストを折り曲げた場合においても、(b)剥離層や(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層の剥がれが発生し難い。さらに、該ノボラック樹脂が質量平均分子量(Mw)16000~75000のo-クレゾールノボラック樹脂を含むことによって、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層と基材との密着力に優れ、エッチング後の線幅のばらつきが小さくなる。
また、(b)剥離層の厚さが1~4μmの場合、塗工時にレベリングが進み、気泡等が原因のピンホール欠陥が少なくなる効果が得られる。なお、(b)剥離層の厚さが4μm以下と薄くても、(a)支持体フィルムにコロナ放電処理が施されていると、基材にポジ型ドライフィルムレジストを貼り付けた後、(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層の界面から剥がれ難く、(a)支持体フィルム及び(b)剥離層を同時に除去し易くなる。
(d)保護フィルムが自己粘着性樹脂フィルムであることによって、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層に熱を掛けて(d)保護フィルムを貼り付ける必要が無く、また、ポジ型ドライフィルムレジストをカット又はスリットしても、割れや切り屑が発生し難く、ブロッキングも発生し難い。
本発明のポジ型ドライフィルムレジストの一態様では、少なくとも(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層と(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層がこの順で積層してなる。また、別の態様では、少なくとも(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層と(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層と(d)保護フィルムがこの順で積層してなる。
そして、(b)剥離層が、ポリビニルアルコールを含み、且つ、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層が、ノボラック樹脂及びキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステルを主成分として含むことを特徴とする。
(a)支持体フィルムとしては、(b)剥離層を形成でき、ポジ型ドライフィルムレジストを、ラミネート法で基材に貼り付けた後に剥離することができれば、どのようなフィルムであってもよい。光を透過する透明フィルム、又は、光を遮光する白色フィルム若しくは有色フィルムであってもよい。
例えば、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン等のポリオレフィン;ポリイミド;ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、難燃ポリエチレンテレフタレート等のポリエステルのフィルム;ポリカーボネート、ポリフェニレンサルフィド、ポリエーテルイミド、変性ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリウレタン等のフィルムが使用できる。その中でも特に、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムを使用すると、ラミネート適性、剥離適性、平滑性に対して有利であり、また、安価で、脆化せず、耐溶剤性に優れ、高い引っ張り強度を持つ等の利点から、非常に利用し易い。
(b)剥離層は、ポリビニルアルコールを含む。
剥離層用塗液であるポリビニルアルコール水溶液を、(a)支持体フィルム上に塗工することによって、(b)剥離層を形成できる。
(a)支持体フィルムの(b)剥離層側に、(b)剥離層を形成する前にコロナ放電処理が施されている場合は、ポリビニルアルコール水溶液を、(a)支持体フィルムのコロナ放電処理が施された面(コロナ放電処理面)上に塗工して、乾燥することによって、(b)剥離層を形成できる。
該含有率が80質量%未満である場合、(b)剥離層と(b)ポジ感光性レジスト層間の密着力が高くなることによって、(b)剥離層と(a)支持体フィルムを一緒に剥がすことが難しくなる場合があり、(a)支持体フィルムを剥がすと、(b)剥離層が(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト上に残るおそれ、又は、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層ごと部分的に剥がれるおそれがある。
なお、上記「全不揮発分量」とは、剥離層用塗液を(a)支持体フィルム上に塗工し、十分乾燥させて(b)剥離層を形成させた場合には、(b)剥離層全体の質量のことを言う。
該ポリビニルアルコールとしては、(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層間の密着力が高く、且つ(b)剥離層と(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層間の密着力によって、ポジ型ドライフィルムレジストが折れ曲がった場合でも、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層の剥がれが抑制され、且つ、(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層を、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層から剥離する際に、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層の凝集破壊が生じ難いポリビニルアルコールが好ましい。
該含有率が80質量%未満である場合、(b)剥離層と(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層間の密着力が高くなり過ぎることによって、(b)剥離層と(a)支持体フィルムを一緒に剥がすことが難しくなる場合があり、(a)支持体フィルムを剥がす際に、(b)剥離層が(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト上に残る場合、又は、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層ごと部分的に剥がれる場合がある。
なお、該含有率が100質量%未満である場合、残りの成分としては、特に限定はないが、上述した、可塑剤等の低分子化合物又は高分子化合物等が挙げられる。また、けん化度82mol%未満のポリビニルアルコールが挙げられる。
また、(b)剥離層用塗液中の気泡が残存し、それによるピンホール欠陥が発生する課題を解決するためには、(b)剥離層の厚さが4μm以下であることが好ましい。(b)剥離層の厚さは、乾燥後の厚さである。
(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層は、ノボラック樹脂及びキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステルを主成分として含む。「主成分として含む」とは、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層の全不揮発分量に対する、ノボラック樹脂及びキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステルの合計の含有率が、60質量%以上であることを言う。該含有率は、70質量%以上であることがより好ましく、75質量%以上であることがさらに好ましく、上限値は100質量%である。
なお、上記「全不揮発分量」とは、ポジ型感光性レジスト層用塗液を(b)剥離層上に塗工し、十分乾燥させて(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層を形成させた場合には、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層全体の質量のことを言う。
該ノボラック樹脂としては、例えば、フェノールノボラック樹脂、クレゾールノボラック樹脂、キシレノールノボラック樹脂、レゾルシノールノボラック樹脂、ナフトールノボラック樹脂等が挙げられる。
ここで、「o-クレゾールノボラック樹脂」とは、ノボラック樹脂の原料となるフェノール類若しくはナフトール類の全体に対して、o-クレゾールを、50~100mol%含み、ノボラック樹脂の原料となるアルデヒド類若しくはケトン類の全体に対して、ホルムアルデヒド又はホルムアルデヒドの縮合物を、50~100mol%含む樹脂のことを言う。
o-クレゾールを、60~100mol%含むことがより好ましく、70~100mlo%含むことがさらに好ましく、80~100mol%含むことがそれ以上に好ましく、90~100mol%含むことが一層好ましく、96~100mol%含むことが特に好ましい。また、ホルムアルデヒド又はホルムアルデヒドの縮合物を、60~100mol%含むことがより好ましく、70~100mol%含むことがさらに好ましく、80~100mol%含むことがそれ以上に好ましく、90~100mol%含むことが一層好ましく、96~100mol%含むことが特に好ましい。
o-クレゾールが100mol%未満の場合、残りの成分としては、特に限定はないが、前記した「フェノール類若しくはナフトール類」等が挙げられる。
ホルムアルデヒド又はホルムアルデヒドの縮合物が100mol%未満の場合、残りの成分としては、特に限定はないが、前記した「アルデヒド類若しくはケトン類」等が挙げられる。
より好ましい質量平均分子量は、22000~51000であり、さらに好ましい質量平均分子量は26000~43000である。ここで、質量平均分子量は、高速液体クロマトグラフによるポリスチレン換算の質量平均分子量を言う。
上記範囲内にすることによって、前記した効果が特に得られる。
本発明では、上記キノンジアジドスルホン酸エステルが、ナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステルを含むことが好ましい。
該ポリプロピレングリコールグリセリルエーテルの平均分子量は、300~3500が好ましく、500~1500がより好ましい。平均分子量が300より小さいと、非露光部が現像液に溶出する場合があり、平均分子量が3500より大きいと、露光部が現像液に溶出し難くなる傾向がある。
ポリプロピレングリコールグリセリルエーテルを含有することによって、感度、アルカリ現像性、レジスト形状等の感光特性や現像特性を損なうことなく、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層を軟化することができ、また、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層と基材との間に気泡が入ることなく、基材に良好に貼り付けることができ、有用である。
一般式(i)におけるmとnとoは、何れも一般式(i)における繰り返し単位数であり、何れも0又は自然数である。
また、溶剤、着色剤(染料、顔料)、光発色剤、光減色剤、熱発色防止剤、充填剤、消泡剤、難燃剤、密着性付与剤、レベリング剤、剥離促進剤、酸化防止剤、香料、熱硬化剤、撥水剤、撥油剤等の添加剤を含有してもよい。
正確な細線を形成するためには、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層の厚さは8μm以下であることが好ましい。本発明において、細線とは幅50μm以下のラインを言う。なお、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層の厚さは8μm以下である場合、幅5μm以下のラインも形成することができる。また、ポジ型ドライフィルムレジストをカット又はスリットする際に端部から切り屑が発生することを抑制でき、さらに、ポジ型ドライフィルムレジストが折れ曲がった際に、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層に割れや剥がれが発生し難くなる。(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層の厚さは、乾燥後の厚さである。
本発明のポジ型ドライフィルムレジストは、必要に応じて(d)保護フィルムで(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層を被覆してもよい。保護フィルムは、ポジ型ドライフィルムレジストを巻回した際等に、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層の(a)支持体フィルムへのブロッキングを防止するために設けられるもので、(a)支持体フィルム及び(b)剥離層とは反対側の(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層上に設けられる。(d)保護フィルムとしては、フィッシュアイの小さいものが好まれる。例えば、ポリ塩化ビニルフィルム、ポリエチレンフィルム、ポリプロピレンフィルム、ポリエステルフィルム等が挙げられる。
該自己粘着性樹脂フィルムは、基材層と粘着層とが共押出しで形成されるフィルムである。このような自己粘着性樹脂フィルムは、アウトガス成分による製品の汚染や糊残りや成分移行等の懸念が少なく好適である。また、加熱することなく、(d)保護フィルムによって、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層を被覆することができる。
また、該粘着層としては、PMMA(ポリメタクリレート)板と23℃で張り合わせることが可能で、その際の粘着力が0.01N/50mm幅以上、0.30N/50mm幅以下のものを用いることが好ましい。該粘着層の例としては、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体;ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン;ポリアミド;合成ゴム;ポリアクレート;ポリウレタン;等が挙げられる。
粘着層の材料は、分子量の調整や可塑剤を添加することで、自己粘着性の特性を有するように設計される。市中から入手可能なものとしては、例えば、トレテック(登録商標、東レフィルム加工株式会社製)、FSA(登録商標、フタムラ化学株式会社製)、サニテクト(登録商標、株式会社サンエー化研製)等が挙げられる。
次に、本発明のポジ型ドライフィルムレジストを用いたエッチング方法について詳説する。まず、本発明のポジ型ドライフィルムレジストを基材の少なくとも片面に、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層が基材に接触するようにして、ラミネート法によって貼り付けるが、ラミネート法によって熱圧着して貼り付けることが好ましい。
本発明のポジ型ドライフィルムレジストが(d)保護フィルムを有するものである場合は、(d)保護フィルムを剥がした後に、基材の少なくとも片面に貼り付ける。
例えば、銅、銅系合金(チタン銅合金、銅ニッケル合金等)、ニッケル、クロム、鉄、タングステン、ステンレス、42アロイ等の鉄系合金、アルミニウム、アモルファス合金等の「金属を含有する基材」が使用できる。また、ITO、FTO等の金属酸化膜が使用できる。さらに、プリント配線板製造等に使用される、銅張積層板、(無)電解めっき済基板、フレキシブル銅張積層板、フレキシブルステンレス板、積層体等が使用できる。
ただし、(a)支持体フィルムのみを除去する態様を排除する訳ではなく、その場合でも、残存する(b)剥離層は、その後に現像してレジストパターンを形成する際に、現像液によって同時に除去することができる。
エッチング液としては、例えば、アルカリ性アンモニア、硫酸-過酸化水素、塩化第二銅、過硫酸塩、塩化第二鉄、王水等が挙げられる。また、装置や方法としては、例えば、水平スプレーエッチング、浸漬エッチング等の装置や方法を使用できる。これらの詳細は、「プリント回路技術便覧」(社団法人日本プリント回路工業会編、1987年刊行、日刊工業新聞社発行)に記載されている。
該剥離液としては、アルカリ水溶液が有用に使用される。剥離液に使用される塩基性化合物としては、例えば、ケイ酸アルカリ金属塩、アルカリ金属水酸化物、リン酸アルカリ金属塩、炭酸アルカリ金属塩、リン酸アンモニウム、炭酸アンモニウム塩等の無機塩基性化合物;エタノールアミン、エチレンジアミン、プロパンジアミン、トリエチレンテトラミン、モルホリン、水酸化テトラメチルアンモニウム等の有機塩基性化合物;等を挙げることができる。
ポリビニルアルコール(商品名:クラレポバール44-88、株式会社クラレ製、けん化度87.0~89.0mol%)5質量部に対して95質量部の水を加え、温水で撹拌することによって溶解させ、5質量%のポリビニルアルコール水溶液(剥離層用塗液)を得た。
次に、ワイヤーバーを用いて、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)フィルム((a)支持体フィルム、商品名:ダイアホイル(登録商標)T100、25μm厚、三菱ケミカル株式会社製)上に塗工し、90℃で10分間乾燥し、水分を除去し、PETフィルム上にポリビニルアルコールを含む(b)剥離層を厚さ3μmで設け、(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層の積層フィルムを得た。
(実施例1-1)ユニオール(登録商標)TG-330(ポリプロピレングリコールグリセリルエーテル、平均分子量330、日油株式会社製)
(実施例1-2)ユニオールTG-1000R(ポリプロピレングリコールグリセリルエーテル、平均分子量1000、日油株式会社製)
(実施例1-3)ユニオールTG-3000(ポリプロピレングリコールグリセリルエーテル、平均分子量3000、日油株式会社製)
(実施例1-4)ユニオールD-1000(ポリプロピレングリコール、平均分子量1000、日油株式会社製)
(実施例1-5)ユニオールD-4000(ポリプロピレングリコール、平均分子量4000、日油株式会社製)
(実施例1-6)ユニオックス(登録商標)M-1000(ポリエチレングリコール、平均分子量1000、日油株式会社製)
(実施例1-7)PEG#600(ポリエチレングリコール、平均分子量600、日油株式会社製)
その際、実施例1-1~1-7は、銅層表面に、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層を貼り付けることができた。実施例1-8では、銅層表面にしっかりと貼り付かず、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層と基材の間に気泡が入ったが、ロール温度120℃においては、貼り付けることができた。しかしながら、(a)支持体フィルムの端部に皺が発生した。
実施例1-1~1-8に関して、(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層とを、(b)剥離層と(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層との界面から剥がすことができた。
実施例1-4、1-6、1-7、1-8では、60μmのライン&スペースのレジストパターンは形成できたが、30μmのラインは残存しなかった。また、実施例1-5では、露光部に(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層が残ったが、現像液の温度を50℃と高くすることによって、残存した(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層が除去できた。60μmのライン&スペースのレジストパターンは形成できたが、30μmのラインは残存しなかった。
実施例1-1~1-3の銅層の30μm及び60μmのラインパターンを観察したところ、サイドエッチングの少ない良好なエッチングができていることが確認できた。また、実施例1-4~1-8において、銅層の60μmのラインパターンを観察したところ、同様にサイドエッチングの少ないエッチングができていることを確認した。
表1に示すポリビニルアルコールを準備し、ポリビニルアルコール5質量部に対して80質量部の水を加え、温水で撹拌することによって溶解させ、ポリビニルアルコール水溶液を得た。次に、15質量部のエタノールを加えて、固形分5質量%の剥離層用塗液を作製した。
作製したポジ型ドライフィルムレジストを、10cm×10cmの大きさに、カッターマット上でカッターを用いてカットした。カットした切り口を顕微鏡で観察した結果、実施例2-1~2-7の何れにおいても、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層には割れが発生していなかった。
次に、ポジ型ドライフィルムレジストを貼り付けた銅張積層板から(a)支持体フィルムを剥がした。実施例2-1~2-5に関しては、(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層を、(b)剥離層と(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層との界面から剥がすことができた。
一方、実施例2-6~2-7に関しては、(a)支持体フィルムを剥がすと、(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層との界面から剥がれ、(b)剥離層が(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層上に残った。
次に、超高圧水銀灯紫外線照射装置を用い、50μmのラインとスペースを有するテストチャートマスクを、実施例2-1~2-5では(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト上に、実施例2-6~2-7では(b)剥離層上に被せ、吸引密着させて露光した。
次に、1質量%の水酸化カリウム水溶液(現像液)に、40℃にて、80秒間浸漬させ、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層の露光部を除去して、現像を行った。なお、実施例2-6~2-7では、(b)剥離層も上記現像時に除去できたため、(b)剥離層も同時に除去した。
次に、60℃の塩化第二鉄溶液を用意し、0.2MPaの圧力でスプレー処理を約5分間実施し、銅のエッチングを行った。その後、速やかに水洗-乾燥を実施した。次に、300mJ/cm2の紫外線を全面に照射した後、40℃の1質量%水酸化カリウム水溶液(剥離液)に3分間浸漬して、レジスト剥離を実施した。
銅層の50μmのラインパターンを観察したところ、実施例2-1~2-5についてはパターンの欠けも無く、再現性は良好であった。一方、実施例2-6~2-7については、ラインパターンの線幅にばらつきが見られた。
製造例:o-クレゾールノボラック樹脂の製造
撹拌機及び還流冷却器を備えた2リットル四つ口フラスコに、o-クレゾール756質量部、37質量%ホルマリン369質量部、及び、反応触媒としてp-トルエンスルホン酸1水和物7.52質量部を仕込み、これらを撹拌混合しつつ還流温度まで昇温し、還流下に12時間反応を続けた。
次に、現像液(1質量%の水酸化カリウム水溶液)を、30℃にて、80秒間浸漬させ、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層の露光部を除去して、現像を行った。その後、水洗を行い、乾かした。
ポリビニルアルコール(商品名:クラレポバール44-88、けん化度87.0~89.0mol%)を準備し、5質量部に対して95質量部の水を加え、温水で撹拌することによって溶解させポリビニルアルコール水溶液(剥離層用塗液)を得た。
次に、(a)支持体フィルムのコロナ放電処理面に、ワイヤーバーを用いて、上記ポリビニルアルコール水溶液を塗工し、90℃で10分間乾燥し、水分を除去し、(a)支持体フィルム上に(b)剥離層を設けた。(b)剥離層の膜厚を表4に示した。
作製したポジ型ドライフィルムレジストを、10cm×10cmの大きさに、カッターマット上でカッターを用いてカットした。カットした切り口を顕微鏡で観察した結果、実施例4-1~4-11のいずれにおいても、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層には割れが発生していなかった。実施例4-12においては、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層に大きな割れが発生しているものがあり、切り屑が発生し、コンタミ等の問題となる可能性があった。
一方、実施例4-8においては、(a)支持体フィルムを剥がすと、(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層との界面から剥がれ、(b)剥離層が(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層上に残った。また、実施例4-9及び4-10においては、ピンホールや気泡が入った(b)剥離層上の(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層に、ピンホール欠陥が発生した。また、実施例4-11においては、(c)ポジ型感光性レジストが銅張積層板に充分に圧着しておらず、銅張積層板からポジ型ドライフィルムレジストが一部剥離した。
次に、超高圧水銀灯紫外線照射装置を用い、50μmのラインとスペースを有するテストチャートマスクを、実施例4-1~4-7、4-9及び4-10では(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層上に、実施例4-8では(b)剥離層上に被せ、吸引密着させて露光した。
次に、1質量%の水酸化カリウム水溶液(現像液)に40℃にて、80秒間浸漬させ、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層の露光部を除去して、現像を行い、レジストパターンを形成した。なお、実施例4-8では、現像時に(b)剥離層も同時に除去した。その後、水洗を行い、乾かした。
次に、60℃の塩化第二鉄溶液を用意し、0.2MPaの圧力でスプレー処理を約5分間実施し、銅のエッチングを行った。その後、速やかに水洗と乾燥を実施した。次に、300mJ/cm2の紫外線を全面に照射した後、40℃の1質量%水酸化カリウム水溶液(剥離液)に3分間浸漬して、レジスト剥離を実施した。
銅層の50μmのラインパターンを観察したところ、実施例4-1~4-7についてはパターンの欠けも無く、再現性は良好であった。
特に、(a)支持体フィルムの(b)剥離層側にコロナ放電処理が施されており、且つ(b)剥離層の厚さが1~4μmであり、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層の厚さが3~8μmであるポジ型ドライフィルムレジストでは、基材に熱圧着した後に支持体フィルム及び剥離層を、ポジ型感光性レジスト層と剥離層の界面から、より容易に同時に剥がすことができた。また、ポジ型ドライフィルムレジストをカット又はスリットする際に、端部から切り屑が特に発生しにくかった。さらに、ピンホール欠陥が特に発生しにくかった。
ポリビニルアルコール(商品名:クラレポバール44-88、株式会社クラレ製、けん化度87.0~89.0mol%)5質量部に対して95質量部の水を加え、温水で撹拌することによって溶解させ、5質量%のポリビニルアルコール水溶液(剥離層用塗液)を得た。
次に、ワイヤーバーを用いてポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)フィルム((a)支持体フィルム、商品名:ダイアホイル(登録商標)T100、25μm厚、三菱ケミカル株式会社製)上に塗工し、90℃で10分間乾燥し、水分を除去し、PETフィルム上にポリビニルアルコールを含む(b)剥離層を3μmの厚さで設け、(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層の積層フィルムを得た。
(実施例5-1)トレテック(登録商標)7332(自己粘着性樹脂フィルム、東レフィルム加工株式会社製)
(実施例5-2)トレテック7832C(自己粘着性樹脂フィルム、東レフィルム加工株式会社製)
(実施例5-3)トレテック7H52(自己粘着性樹脂フィルム、東レフィルム加工株式会社製)
(実施例5-4)FSA(登録商標)010M(自己粘着性樹脂フィルム、フタムラ化学株式会社製)
(実施例5-5)GF1(登録商標)(ポリエチレンフィルム、タマポリ株式会社製)
(実施例5-6)アルファン(登録商標)FG-201(ポリプロピレンフィルム、王子エフテックス株式会社製)
次に、現像液(1質量%の水酸化カリウム水溶液)を30℃にて、80秒間浸漬させ、(b)剥離層を除去すると同時に(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層の露光部を除去して、現像を行った。その後、水洗を行い、乾かした。形成したレジストパターンを顕微鏡で観察を行った。
次に、60℃の塩化第二鉄溶液を用意し、0.2MPaの圧力でスプレー処理を約5分間実施し、銅層のエッチングを行った。その後、速やかに水洗-乾燥を実施した。次に、300mJ/cm2の紫外線を全面に照射し、次に、40℃のアルカリ剥離液(1質量%水酸化カリウム水溶液)に3分間浸漬して、レジスト剥離を実施した。
銅層の50μmのラインパターンを観察したところ、実施例5-1~5-4のいずれにおいても、サイドエッチングの少ない良好なエッチングができていることが確認できた。
<(b)剥離層が積層されていないポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト>
o-クレゾールノボラック樹脂(質量平均分子量44000)100質量部、2,3,4-トリヒドロキシベンゾフェノンのo-ナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステル24質量部、及び、ユニオールTG-1000R(ポリプロピレングリコールグリセリルエーテル、平均分子量1000、日油株式会社製)14質量部を、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート300質量部に溶解した溶液を、メンブレンフィルター(孔径1μm)にてろ過して(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層用の塗工液を得た。
<ポリビニルアルコールを含まない(b)剥離層が積層されているポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト>
メチルメタクリレート/n-ブチルアクリレート/メタクリル酸を、質量比63/15/22で共重合させた、カルボキシル基を含有するアクリル共重合体(質量平均分子量100000)40質量部、10質量部のポリエチレングリコール600、及び、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル50質量部を撹拌混合することによって溶解させ、アクリル樹脂層用溶液を得た。
次に、得られたアクリル樹脂層用溶液を、ワイヤーバーを用いて、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)フィルム((a)支持体フィルム、商品名:ダイアホイル(登録商標)T100、25μm厚、三菱ケミカル株式会社製)上に塗工し、90℃で10分間乾燥し、溶剤成分を除去し、PETフィルム上に、アクリル樹脂からなる(b)剥離層を厚さ3μmで設け、(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層の積層フィルムを得た。
(b)剥離層
(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層
(d)保護フィルム
Claims (9)
- 少なくとも(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層と(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層がこの順で積層してなり、(b)剥離層が、ポリビニルアルコールを含み、且つ、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層が、ノボラック樹脂及びキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステルを主成分として含むことを特徴とするポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト。
- (b)剥離層の全不揮発分量に対して、ポリビニルアルコールの含有率が80質量%以上である請求項1記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト。
- (c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層が、ポリプロピレングリコールグリセリルエーテルを含有する請求項1又は2記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト。
- 上記ノボラック樹脂が質量平均分子量(Mw)16000~75000のo-クレゾールノボラック樹脂を含み、上記キノンジアジドスルホン酸エステルがナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステルを含む請求項1~3のいずれか記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト。
- 上記ポリビニルアルコールが、けん化度82mol%以上のポリビニルアルコールを含む請求項1~4のいずれか記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト。
- (a)支持体フィルムの(b)剥離層側にコロナ放電処理が施されており、且つ(b)剥離層の厚さが1~4μmであり、(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層の厚さが3~8μmである請求項1~5のいずれか記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト。
- 少なくとも(a)支持体フィルムと(b)剥離層と(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層と(d)保護フィルムがこの順で積層してなり、(d)保護フィルムが自己粘着性樹脂フィルムからなる請求項1~6のいずれか記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジスト。
- 基材の少なくとも片面に、請求項1~6のいずれか記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジストの(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層をラミネート法で貼り付け、(a)支持体フィルム及び(b)剥離層を同時に除去し、次に所望のパターンを露光し、次に現像液により(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層を現像してレジストパターンを形成し、次に基材をエッチング処理し、次に剥離液によりレジスト剥離を実施するエッチング方法。
- 請求項7記載のポジ型ドライフィルムレジストの(d)保護フィルムを剥がした後、基材の少なくとも片面に、ポジ型ドライフィルムレジストの(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層をラミネート法で貼り付け、(a)支持体フィルム及び(b)剥離層を同時に除去し、次に所望のパターンを露光し、次に現像液により(c)ポジ型感光性レジスト層を現像してレジストパターンを形成し、次に基材をエッチング処理し、次に剥離液によりレジスト剥離を実施するエッチング方法。
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