WO2020085307A1 - 液晶化合物配向層転写用配向フィルム - Google Patents
液晶化合物配向層転写用配向フィルム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020085307A1 WO2020085307A1 PCT/JP2019/041323 JP2019041323W WO2020085307A1 WO 2020085307 A1 WO2020085307 A1 WO 2020085307A1 JP 2019041323 W JP2019041323 W JP 2019041323W WO 2020085307 A1 WO2020085307 A1 WO 2020085307A1
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- film
- alignment
- layer
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- crystal compound
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3016—Polarising elements involving passive liquid crystal elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B23/00—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose
- B32B23/04—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose comprising such cellulosic plastic substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B23/08—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose comprising such cellulosic plastic substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/023—Optical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/08—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of polarising materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/42—Polarizing, birefringent, filtering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08J2301/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a transfer film for transferring a liquid crystal compound alignment layer. More specifically, when manufacturing a polarizing plate or a retardation plate such as a circularly polarizing plate in which a retardation layer composed of a liquid crystal compound alignment layer is laminated, or when manufacturing a polarizing plate having a polarizing layer composed of a liquid crystal compound alignment layer.
- the present invention relates to a transfer film for transferring a liquid crystal compound alignment layer.
- a circularly polarizing plate is arranged on the viewer-side panel surface of the image display panel in order to reduce reflection of extraneous light.
- This circularly polarizing plate is composed of a laminated body of a linearly polarizing plate and a retardation film such as ⁇ / 4, and converts external light traveling toward the panel surface of the image display panel into linearly polarized light by the linearly polarizing plate, and then ⁇ / It is converted into circularly polarized light by a retardation film such as 4.
- Circularly polarized extraneous light reverses the direction of rotation of the polarization plane when reflected on the surface of the image display panel, and this reflected light is conversely shielded by a linear polarizing plate by a retardation film such as ⁇ / 4. Since the light is converted into linearly polarized light in the direction indicated by the arrow and is then shielded by the linearly polarizing plate, it is possible to suppress the emission to the outside.
- the circularly polarizing plate is formed by laminating a retardation film such as ⁇ / 4 on the polarizing plate.
- a single retardation film such as a cyclic olefin (see Patent Document 1), polycarbonate (see Patent Document 2), or a stretched film of triacetyl cellulose (see Patent Document 3) is used.
- a retardation film of a laminate having a retardation layer made of a liquid crystal compound on a transparent film see Patent Documents 4 and 5) is used. It is described above that the liquid crystal compound may be transferred when the retardation layer made of the liquid crystal compound is provided.
- Patent Document 6 a method for producing a retardation film by transferring a retardation layer made of a liquid crystal compound to a transparent film is known from Patent Document 6 and the like.
- Patent Documents 7 and 8 a method of forming a ⁇ / 4 film by providing a retardation layer made of a liquid crystal compound such as ⁇ / 4 on a transparent film by such a transfer method.
- the stretched film is superior in mechanical strength to the unstretched film and is preferable as a film base material for transfer, but since it has birefringence, it was difficult to evaluate the retardation layer.
- a biaxially stretched polyester film is relatively inexpensive and has excellent mechanical strength and heat resistance, and in these respects, it is highly preferable as a film base material for transfer, but a polyester film has a large birefringence. It is difficult to evaluate the retardation layer in the state where the liquid crystal compound alignment layer (retardation layer) is laminated on the film base material because of the property.
- a retardation layer in a stretched film it is evaluated after transferring to an object (other transparent resin film, polarizing plate, etc.), or the retardation layer is peeled and evaluated only with the retardation layer. Or, it was necessary to transfer it to glass or the like for evaluation.
- the method of evaluation after transfer to an object was inferior in productivity because it was necessary to dispose of a normal product such as a polarizing plate as a nonstandard product when there was a problem in the retardation layer.
- the method of peeling off the retardation layer has a problem that the retardation layer cannot be evaluated if it becomes thin.
- the method of peeling and evaluation and the method of transferring to glass were sample extraction evaluation, and the total amount could not be evaluated.
- the stretched film is excellent in mechanical strength as compared with the unstretched film and is preferable as a film substrate for transfer, but the orientation direction of the transferred retardation layer does not become the orientation direction as designed, and there is a problem that it deviates from it. It often happened.
- a polarizing plate having a retardation in the alignment direction deviated from such a design is used for a display, problems such as light leakage may occur.
- a stretched polyester film such as a biaxially stretched polyester film is relatively inexpensive and has excellent mechanical strength and heat resistance, and in these respects, it is highly preferable as a film base material for transfer. In the case of the film, the problem of the deviation of the alignment direction and the light leakage due to the deviation was particularly remarkable.
- a polyester film such as a biaxially stretched polyester film is relatively inexpensive and has excellent mechanical strength and heat resistance, and in these respects, it is highly preferable as a film base material for transfer.
- a film substrate for transfer in the process of forming a retardation layer (liquid crystal compound alignment layer) on it to produce a laminate, haze of the film is increased, or foreign matter is generated in the film. There was a problem with. Due to such increased haze and foreign matter, there is a problem in that the polarized light is disturbed at the time of ultraviolet irradiation for controlling the alignment of the liquid crystal compound, and the alignment direction does not reach the designed direction.
- a method for producing a polarizing plate by transferring a polarizing layer (liquid crystal compound alignment layer) containing a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye laminated on a transfer film to a protective film has also been known. Also had the same problem as above.
- the present invention has been made against the background of such problems of the conventional technology. That is, the first object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal provided on a transfer film while using an inexpensive stretched film such as polyester having excellent mechanical strength as a transfer film for transferring a liquid crystal compound alignment layer. An object of the present invention is to provide a transfer film capable of evaluating the alignment state of a compound alignment layer (retardation layer or polarizing layer) even when it is laminated on the transfer film.
- the second object of the present invention is to use a stretched film such as polyester which is inexpensive and excellent in mechanical strength as a transfer film for transferring the liquid crystal compound alignment layer, and the alignment direction of the transferred retardation layer or polarizing layer.
- the present invention intends to provide a transfer film which can reduce the problem of deviation of the film, can transfer the retardation layer or the polarizing layer in the designed orientation, and can prevent the problem of light leakage of the display. .
- a third object of the present invention is to use a stretched film such as polyester, which is inexpensive and has excellent mechanical strength, as a transfer film for transferring a liquid crystal compound alignment layer, while using a retardation layer or a polarizing layer ( (Liquid crystal compound alignment layer)
- a retardation layer or a polarizing layer (Liquid crystal compound alignment layer)
- the present invention is intended to provide a transfer film capable of achieving the above.
- the present inventor as a result of diligent studies to achieve the first object, as an orientation film, the orientation direction, and a position where the angle between the orientation direction of the orientation film or the direction orthogonal to the orientation direction becomes the maximum. Even by using the one controlled to a specific angle or less, the above-mentioned conventional problems do not occur, and the evaluation of the retardation phase is excellent even in the state where the liquid crystal compound alignment layer is laminated on the alignment film. I found that I could do it.
- the orientation direction of the transferred retardation layer or polarizing layer is in the orientation direction as designed. I examined the cause that does not happen.
- the stretched film of the substrate undergoes thermal contraction to some extent by the heat treatment when the liquid crystal compound is aligned on the stretched film as the substrate to form the retardation layer or the polarizing layer. Distortion occurs in the base film after heat shrinkage due to the large difference in the two orthogonal directions of the film, and this distortion adversely affects the orientation direction of the retardation layer or polarizing layer formed on the base film.
- the orientation direction of the retardation layer or the polarizing layer deviates from the orientation direction as designed in order to give the above. Then, as a result of earnest studies on the method for effectively preventing this distortion of the base film, the present inventor has found that the oriented film as the base film has a flow direction (MD direction) and a direction orthogonal to the flow direction. Even if there is a variation in the heat shrinkage ratio of the film with (TD direction), by using a film whose difference is controlled within a specific range, the above-mentioned conventional problems do not occur, and the design is achieved. It was found that the retardation layer and the polarizing layer can be transferred with the orientation of, and the problem of light leakage does not occur.
- the present inventor in order to achieve the third object, when a conventional stretched polyester film is used as a film substrate for transfer, a retardation layer or a polarizing layer (liquid crystal compound alignment layer) on the film
- a retardation layer or a polarizing layer liquid crystal compound alignment layer
- the polyester resin that constitutes the polyester film inevitably contains an ester cyclic trimer (oligomer) as a by-product of the reaction during the polymerization in the manufacturing process thereof.
- the present inventor has diligently studied a method of effectively preventing such rise of haze and generation of foreign matter during the heat treatment of the oriented polyester film for transfer, and as a result, the oligomer deposition amount of the polyester film falls within a specific range. It has been found that the use of a controlled one can form a retardation layer or a polarizing layer (liquid crystal compound alignment layer) having an alignment as designed without causing the above-mentioned conventional problems.
- the invention for achieving the first object has the following configurations (1) to (6).
- An alignment film for transferring a liquid crystal compound alignment layer to an object wherein an angle between an alignment direction of the alignment film and a flow direction of the alignment film or a direction orthogonal to the flow direction is a width of the film. Maximum of 14 degrees or less among the values measured at 5 points in the direction, 5 cm inward from each end, the central part, and the intermediate part between the central part and both ends.
- An alignment film for transferring a liquid crystal compound alignment layer which comprises: (2) The alignment film for transferring a liquid crystal compound alignment layer according to (1), wherein the alignment film has an alignment angle difference of 7 degrees or less in the width direction.
- a liquid crystal compound alignment layer comprising a laminate of a liquid crystal compound alignment layer and an alignment film, wherein the alignment film is the alignment film according to any one of (1) to (3). Transfer laminate.
- a liquid crystal compound alignment layer comprising a step of irradiating linearly polarized light having an electric field vibration direction parallel to a direction orthogonal to the flow direction from the alignment film surface of the laminate and receiving light on the liquid crystal compound alignment layer surface side. Inspection method of transfer laminate.
- the invention for achieving the second object has the following configurations (1) to (6).
- An alignment film for transferring an alignment layer of a liquid crystal compound to an object which has a heat shrinkage ratio of 150 ° C. for 30 minutes in the flow direction of the alignment film and 150 in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the alignment film.
- An alignment film for transferring a liquid crystal compound alignment layer which has a difference from the heat shrinkage ratio at 30 ° C. of 30 minutes of 4% or less.
- Thermal shrinkage of 150 ° C. for 30 minutes in the direction of 45 ° with respect to the flow direction of the oriented film and thermal shrinkage of 150 ° C. for 30 minutes in the direction of 135 ° with respect to the flow direction of the oriented film.
- the alignment film for transferring a liquid crystal compound alignment layer according to (1) Is 4% or less, the alignment film for transferring a liquid crystal compound alignment layer according to (1).
- a method for manufacturing a polarizing plate laminated with a liquid crystal compound alignment layer A method for manufacturing a polarizing plate laminated with a liquid crystal compound alignment layer.
- a liquid crystal compound alignment layer comprising a step of irradiating linearly polarized light having an electric field vibration direction parallel to a direction orthogonal to the flow direction from the alignment film surface of the laminate and receiving light on the liquid crystal compound alignment layer surface side. Inspection method of transfer laminate.
- the invention for achieving the third object has the following configurations (1) to (6).
- An oriented polyester film for transferring a liquid crystal compound orientation layer to an object, wherein the amount of the ester cyclic trimer deposited on the surface of the release surface of the oriented polyester film after heating at 150 ° C. for 90 minutes is An oriented polyester film for transferring a liquid crystal compound orientation layer, which is 1.0 mg / m 2 or less.
- a liquid crystal comprising a liquid crystal compound alignment layer and an alignment polyester film, wherein the alignment polyester film is the alignment polyester film according to any one of (1) to (3).
- Liquid crystal comprising a step of irradiating linearly polarized light having an electric field vibration direction parallel to the flow direction or a direction orthogonal to the flow direction from the oriented polyester film surface of the laminate, and receiving light on the liquid crystal compound alignment layer surface side.
- the orientation state of the liquid crystal compound alignment layer (retardation layer or polarizing layer) provided on the alignment film is aligned while using an inexpensive stretched film such as polyester having excellent mechanical strength. It can also be evaluated in a state of being laminated on a film.
- the second invention it is possible to transfer the retardation layer or the polarizing layer in the orientation as designed while using a stretched film such as polyester which is inexpensive and has excellent mechanical strength, and thus the problem of light leakage of the display is reduced. Can be prevented.
- an alignment retardation layer or a polarizing layer can be formed.
- the alignment film of the first invention is for transferring a liquid crystal compound alignment layer to an object (other transparent resin film, polarizing plate, etc.), and has an alignment direction of the alignment film and a flow direction or flow of the alignment film.
- the angle between the direction orthogonal to the direction is 14 degrees or less at the maximum position.
- the alignment film of the second invention is for transferring the liquid crystal compound alignment layer to an object (other transparent resin film, polarizing plate, etc.), and is 150 ° C. 30 in the flow direction (MD direction) of the alignment film.
- the difference between the heat shrinkage ratio for 30 minutes and the heat shrinkage ratio for 30 minutes at 150 ° C. in the direction (TD direction) orthogonal to the flow direction of the oriented film is 4% or less.
- the oriented polyester film of the third invention is for transferring an alignment layer of a liquid crystal compound to an object (other transparent resin film, polarizing plate, etc.), and is an oriented polyester film after heating at 150 ° C. for 90 minutes.
- the amount of the ester cyclic trimer deposited on the surface of the release surface is 1.0 mg / m 2 or less.
- the oriented polyester film may be simply referred to as an oriented film.
- polyester polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyamide, polypropylene, cyclic polyolefin and triacetyl cellulose are more preferable, polyester is more preferable, and polyethylene terephthalate is particularly preferable.
- Orientation film may be composed of a single layer or a plurality of layers by co-extrusion.
- the surface layer (release layer A) / back surface layer (B), A / intermediate layer (C) / A (release surface layer and back surface layer are the same), A / C / B , And the like.
- the film When the film is stretched, it may be uniaxially stretched, weakly biaxially stretched (stretched in biaxial directions but weak in one direction), or biaxially stretched, but the orientation direction is wide in the width direction.
- the uniaxial stretching or the weak biaxial stretching is preferable from the viewpoint that the temperature can be kept constant.
- the main orientation direction is the latter stretching direction.
- the stretching direction In the case of uniaxial stretching, the stretching direction may be the flow direction of film production (longitudinal direction) or the direction orthogonal thereto (transverse direction).
- biaxial stretching it may be simultaneous biaxial stretching or sequential biaxial stretching. Stretching in the longitudinal direction is preferably stretching by rolls having different speed differences, and stretching in the transverse direction is preferably tenter stretching.
- Oriented films for transfer are industrially supplied by rolls around which the film is wound.
- the lower limit of the roll width is preferably 30 cm, more preferably 50 cm, further preferably 70 cm, particularly preferably 90 cm, and most preferably 100 cm.
- the upper limit of the roll width is preferably 5000 cm, more preferably 4000 cm, and further preferably 3000 cm.
- the lower limit of the roll length is preferably 100 m, more preferably 500 m, even more preferably 1000 m.
- the upper limit of the roll length is preferably 100,000 m, more preferably 50,000 m, and further preferably 30,000 m.
- a polarizer in which polyvinyl alcohol is stretched in the flow direction of the film, and iodine or an organic compound dichroic dye is absorbed in the polarizer.
- the extinction axis (absorption axis) of the polarizer is It is in the flow direction.
- the slow axis (orientation direction) of a ⁇ / 4 layer as a retardation layer is laminated at 45 degrees with respect to the extinction axis, or the ⁇ / 4 layer and the ⁇ / 2 layer are oblique (10 Laminated up to 80 degrees).
- the optical compensation layer used in the liquid crystal display is also laminated in an oblique direction with respect to the extinction axis of the polarizer.
- the orientation state of the retardation layer is, for example, irradiating the retardation layer with linearly polarized light having a vibration direction parallel to or perpendicular to the flow direction of the film from the transfer orientation film side, and becomes elliptically polarized light in the retardation layer.
- the received light is detected by the light receiving element through the light receiving side retardation plate for returning the elliptically polarized light to the linearly polarized light and the light receiving side polarizing plate installed in the direction that does not pass the linearly polarized light returned by the phase difference plate ( Can be evaluated).
- the light passing through the light receiving side retardation plate becomes linearly polarized when the retardation and orientation direction as designed for the retardation layer provided on the transfer orientation film are in the extinction state, It can be seen that it is a retardation layer. On the contrary, if there is light leakage, it can be seen that it is out of design.
- the linearly polarized light passing through the transfer orientation film becomes elliptically polarized light, which causes light leakage. Occurs, which makes it difficult to accurately evaluate the retardation layer.
- the present invention enables accurate evaluation of the retardation layer by minimizing this shift.
- the lower limit of the angle (maximum location) between the MD or TD and the orientation direction of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 0 degree.
- the upper limit of the angle between the MD or TD and the orientation direction of the transfer orientation film of the present invention is preferably 14 degrees at the maximum, more preferably 7 degrees, and further preferably 5 degrees. , Particularly preferably 4 degrees, and most preferably 3 degrees. If it exceeds the above range, it may be difficult to evaluate the alignment state of the retardation layer (liquid crystal compound alignment layer).
- the lower limit of the angle difference of the orientation angle in the entire width (width direction) of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 0 degree.
- the upper limit of the angle difference of the orientation angle in the entire width of the orientation film for transfer of the present invention is preferably 7 degrees, more preferably 5 degrees, further preferably 3 degrees, particularly preferably 2 degrees. is there. If it exceeds the above range, it may be difficult to evaluate the alignment state of the retardation layer (liquid crystal compound alignment layer) in the width direction.
- the film shrinks in the MD direction in the stretching zone and heat setting zone.
- the edges of the film are fixed with clips, but the central part is not fixed, so there is a bowing phenomenon that emerges behind the bow at the tenter exit. This becomes a strain in the alignment direction.
- the orientation direction does not fall within the specified range for the entire width of the formed film, it is preferable to adopt a portion within the above characteristic range, such as the vicinity of the central portion of the stretched wide film.
- the strain in the orientation direction tends to be small, so that it is also preferable to employ a weakly biaxially or uniaxially stretched film.
- a weakly biaxially or uniaxially stretched film whose MD direction is the main orientation direction is preferable.
- the orientation direction of the transfer orientation film and the angle between the orientation direction of the orientation film and the direction orthogonal to the direction of the orientation film, and the orientation angle difference in the width direction of the film are as follows. It is determined. First, the film was pulled out from the roll, and the orientation direction was determined at five positions, both ends (5 cm inward from each end), the central part, and the intermediate part between the central part and the both ends. An intermediate portion between the central portion and both end portions is at a position where the distance between the central portion and both end portions is divided into two equal parts. The orientation direction was the slow axis direction of the film obtained by using a molecular orientation meter.
- the orientation direction of the entire film was close to the machine direction (MD) or the width direction (TD). Then, when the orientation direction of the entire film is close to the flow direction, the angle between the orientation direction and the flow direction of the film is obtained at each of the above five locations, and the value at the location having the largest angle is “ It was adopted as the maximum value of the “angle between the orientation direction of the orientation film and the flow direction of the orientation film”. On the other hand, when the orientation direction of the entire film is close to the width direction, the angle between the orientation direction and the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the film is determined at each of the above 5 locations, and the angle becomes the largest.
- the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among the angles obtained at the above-mentioned 5 places was defined as "the angular difference in the orientation angle in the width direction of the film”.
- the angle is a positive value when the orientation direction is on the same side as the maximum value with respect to the longitudinal direction or the width direction, and a negative value when the orientation direction is on the opposite side to the longitudinal direction or the width direction.
- the minimum value is evaluated by distinguishing between positive and negative.
- the lower limit of the difference in heat shrinkage ratio between the MD direction and the TD direction of the transfer film of the present invention at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes in the MD direction is preferably 0%.
- the upper limit of the difference in the heat shrinkage ratio between the MD direction and the TD direction of the transfer film of the present invention in the MD direction and the TD direction at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes is preferably 4%, more preferably 3%, and further preferably 2%. , Particularly preferably 1.5%, most preferably 1%.
- the alignment process of the liquid crystal compound requires a high temperature, or when a plurality of liquid crystal compounds are stacked and the temperature history increases, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal compound deviates from the design and the polarizing plate is used for a display. There may be light leakage.
- the lower limit of the heat shrinkage rate of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention in the MD direction at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes is preferably ⁇ 2%, more preferably ⁇ 0.5%, further preferably ⁇ 0.1%. Yes, particularly preferably 0%, and most preferably 0.01%. If it is less than the above, it may be difficult to achieve the numerical value.
- the upper limit of the heat shrinkage rate of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention in the MD direction at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes is preferably 4%, more preferably 3%, further preferably 2.5%, and particularly It is preferably 2%, most preferably 1.5%. If it exceeds the above range, it may be difficult to adjust the difference in thermal shrinkage. Further, the flatness may be deteriorated and the workability may be deteriorated.
- the lower limit of the heat shrinkage ratio of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention in the TD direction at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes is preferably ⁇ 2%, more preferably ⁇ 0.5%, further preferably ⁇ 0.1%. Yes, particularly preferably 0%, and most preferably 0.01%. If it is less than the above, it may be difficult to achieve the numerical value.
- the upper limit of the heat shrinkage rate of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention in the TD direction at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes is preferably 4%, more preferably 2.5%, further preferably 2%, and particularly It is preferably 1.5%, most preferably 1%. If it exceeds the above range, it may be difficult to adjust the difference in thermal shrinkage. Further, the flatness may be deteriorated and the workability may be deteriorated.
- the lower limit of the difference in heat shrinkage ratio between the MD direction and the MD direction of the transfer oriented film of the present invention at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes in the direction of 45 ° and the direction of 135 ° is preferably 0%. If it is less than the above, it may be difficult to achieve the numerical value.
- the upper limit of the difference in heat shrinkage ratio between the MD direction and the MD direction of the transfer oriented film of the present invention at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes in the direction of 45 ° and the direction of 135 ° is preferably 4%, It is preferably 3%, more preferably 2%, particularly preferably 1.5%, most preferably 1%. Outside of the above range, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal compound may deviate from the design, and light leakage may occur when the polarizing plate is used for a display.
- the heat shrinkage characteristics of the film can be adjusted by stretching temperature, stretching ratio, heat setting temperature, relaxation process ratio, relaxation process temperature, etc. It is also preferable to release the film from the clip and wind it when the surface temperature of the film is 100 ° C. or higher during the cooling step.
- the release from the clip may be performed by either opening the clip or cutting off the end held by the clip with a blade or the like. Further, it is also an effective method to perform heat treatment (annealing treatment) off-line.
- the material for the transfer oriented film is preferably polyester, particularly polyethylene terephthalate.
- the lower limit of 95 ° C. maximum heat shrinkage of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention is preferably 0%, more preferably 0.01%. If it is less than the above, it may be difficult to achieve the numerical value.
- the upper limit of the 95 ° C. maximum heat shrinkage rate of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention is preferably 2.5%, more preferably 2%, further preferably 1.2%, and particularly preferably 1%. %, And most preferably 0.8%. Above the above range, light leakage may occur when the polarizing plate is used for a display.
- the lower limit of the angle between the maximum heat shrinkage ratio direction and the MD or TD direction of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention is preferably 0 degree.
- the upper limit of the angle between the maximum heat shrinkage direction and the MD or TD direction of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 20 degrees, more preferably 15 degrees, and further preferably 10 degrees, and particularly It is preferably 7 degrees, and most preferably 5 degrees.
- the alignment direction of the liquid crystal compound may deviate from the design, and light leakage may occur when the polarizing plate is used for a display.
- the lower limit of the elastic modulus in the MD direction and the elastic modulus in the TD direction of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 1 GPa, more preferably 2 GPa. If it is less than the above value, elongation may occur during each step, and the orientation direction may not be as designed.
- the upper limit of the elastic modulus in the MD direction and the elastic modulus in the TD direction of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 8 GPa, more preferably 7 GPa. Beyond the above, it may be difficult to achieve the numerical value in reality.
- the transfer oriented film of the present invention is a polyethylene terephthalate film
- the amount of ester cyclic trimer deposited on the surface of the release surface of the oriented polyester film after heating at 150 ° C. for 90 minutes (hereinafter referred to as surface oligomer deposition amount (hereinafter referred to as surface oligomer deposition amount (hereinafter referred to as surface oligomer deposition amount (hereinafter referred to as surface oligomer deposition amount (hereinafter referred to as surface oligomer deposition amount (hereinafter referred to as surface oligomer deposition amount (hereinafter referred to as surface oligomer deposition amount (hereinafter referred to as surface oligomer deposition amount (hereinafter referred to as surface oligomer deposition amount (hereinafter referred to as surface oligomer deposition amount (hereinafter referred to as surface oligomer deposition amount (hereinafter referred to as surface oligomer deposition amount (hereinafter
- the “release surface” of the alignment film means, of the surfaces of the alignment film, the surface intended to be provided with the liquid crystal compound alignment layer transferred by the alignment film.
- an oligomer block coat layer, a flattening coat layer, a release layer, etc. are provided, and if a liquid crystal compound alignment layer is provided thereon, the surface of the oligomer block coat layer, the flattening layer, the release layer, etc. (The surface in contact with the liquid crystal compound alignment layer) is the "release surface" of the alignment film.
- oligomer block coat layer on the surface of the oriented film for transfer, which blocks the deposition of oligomer (ester cyclic trimer).
- the oligomer block coat layer preferably contains 50% by weight or more of a resin having a Tg of 90 ° C. or higher.
- a resin having a Tg of 90 ° C. or higher amino resins such as melamine, alkyd resins, polystyrene, acrylic resins and the like are preferable.
- the upper limit of Tg of the resin is preferably 200 ° C.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the oligomer block coat layer is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.03 ⁇ m, and further preferably 0.05 ⁇ m. If it is less than the above, a sufficient blocking effect may not be obtained.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the oligomer block coat layer is preferably 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 ⁇ m, further preferably 2 ⁇ m. If it exceeds the above range, the effect may be saturated.
- the content of the oligomer (ester cyclic trimer) in the polyester resin that constitutes the release surface side layer of the alignment film for transfer (hereinafter, referred to as surface layer oligomer content) It is also preferable to lower.
- the lower limit of the surface layer oligomer content is preferably 0.3% by mass, more preferably 0.33% by mass, and further preferably 0.35% by mass. If it is less than the above, it may be difficult to achieve the numerical value.
- the upper limit of the surface layer oligomer content is preferably 0.7% by mass, more preferably 0.6% by mass, and further preferably 0.5% by mass.
- the "release surface side layer" of an orientation film means the layer in which the release surface exists among each layer of the polyester which comprises an orientation film.
- the film even when the film is a single layer, it may be referred to as a release surface side layer.
- the back surface side layer and the release surface side layer described later are the same layer.
- the lower limit of the oligomer content in the raw material polyester is preferably 0.23% by mass, more preferably 0.25% by mass, and further preferably 0.27% by mass.
- the upper limit of the oligomer content in the raw material polyester is preferably 0.7% by mass, more preferably 0.6% by mass, and further preferably 0.5% by mass.
- the oligomer content in the raw material polyester can be reduced by subjecting the polyester in a solid state to heat treatment at a temperature of 180 ° C. or higher and a melting point or lower, such as solid phase polymerization. It is also preferred to deactivate the polyester catalyst.
- the lower limit of the intrinsic viscosity (IVf) of the polyester constituting the film is preferably 0.45 dl / g, more preferably 0.5 dl / g, and further preferably Is 0.53 dl / g. If it is less than the above, the impact resistance of the film may be poor. In addition, it may be difficult to form a film, or the uniformity of thickness may be poor.
- the upper limit of IVf is preferably 0.9 dl / g, more preferably 0.8 dl / g, and further preferably 0.7 dl / g. If it exceeds the above range, the heat shrinkage ratio may increase. In addition, film formation may be difficult.
- the lower limit of the light transmittance of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention at a wavelength of 380 nm is preferably 0%.
- the upper limit of the light transmittance of the transfer oriented film of the present invention at a wavelength of 380 nm is preferably 20%, more preferably 15%, further preferably 10%, and particularly preferably 5%. .
- the direction uniformity of the alignment layer or the liquid crystal compound alignment layer may be deteriorated due to reflection from the back surface in the case of irradiating polarized ultraviolet light to have a specific alignment direction.
- the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm can be adjusted within the range by adding a UV absorber.
- the lower limit of haze of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention is preferably 0.01%, more preferably 0.1%. If it is less than the above, it may be difficult to achieve the numerical value.
- the upper limit of haze of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention is preferably 3%, more preferably 2.5%, further preferably 2%, and particularly preferably 1.7%. If it exceeds the above range, polarized light may be disturbed during irradiation of polarized UV, and the retardation layer or polarizing layer as designed may not be obtained. In addition, light leakage may occur due to irregular reflection at the time of inspecting the retardation layer or the polarizing layer, which makes it difficult to perform the inspection.
- the lower and lower limits of the haze of the transfer oriented film of the present invention after heating at 150 ° C. for 90 minutes are the same as above.
- the lower limit of the amount of change in haze of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention before and after heating at 150 ° C. for 90 minutes is preferably 0%.
- the upper limit is preferably 0.5%, more preferably 0.4%, and further preferably 0.3%.
- the lower limit of the refractive index nx in the slow axis direction to the refractive index ny in the fast axis direction is preferably 0.005, more preferably 0.01, and further preferably 0. 0.02, particularly preferably 0.03, most preferably 0.04, most preferably 0.05. If it is less than the above, it may be difficult to achieve the numerical value.
- the upper limit of nx-ny is preferably 0.15, more preferably 0.13, and even more preferably 0.12. Beyond the above, it may be difficult to achieve the numerical value in reality. Particularly, in the case of a polyethylene terephthalate film, the value of nx-ny is preferably the above value.
- the lower limit of nx-ny is preferably 0.005, more preferably 0.01. If it is less than the above, it may be difficult to achieve the numerical value.
- the upper limit of nx-ny is preferably 0.05, more preferably 0.04, still more preferably 0.03. Beyond the above, it may be difficult to achieve the numerical value in reality.
- the lower limit of nx-ny is preferably 0.05, more preferably 0.06. If it is less than the above, the advantage of uniaxial stretching may be diminished.
- the upper limit of nx-ny is preferably 0.15, more preferably 0.13. Beyond the above, it may be difficult to achieve the numerical value in reality.
- the lower limit of the refractive index (ny) in the fast axis direction of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 1.55, more preferably 1.58, and further preferably 1.57.
- the upper limit of the refractive index (ny) in the fast axis direction of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention is preferably 1.64, more preferably 1.63, and further preferably 1.62.
- the lower limit of the refractive index (nx) in the slow axis direction of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 1.66, more preferably 1.67, and further preferably 1.68.
- the upper limit of the refractive index (nx) in the slow axis direction of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention is preferably 1.75, more preferably 1.73, further preferably 1.72, and particularly It is preferably 1.71.
- the lower limit of the antistatic property (surface resistance) of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 5 ⁇ / ⁇ , more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 6 ⁇ / ⁇ . Even if it is less than the above, the effect may be saturated, and further effect may not be obtained.
- the upper limit of the antistatic property (surface resistance) of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 13 ⁇ / ⁇ , more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 12 ⁇ / ⁇ , and further preferably 1 ⁇ . It is 10 11 ⁇ / ⁇ . If it exceeds the above range, cissing due to static electricity may occur or the alignment direction of the liquid crystal compound may be disturbed.
- the antistatic agent is kneaded into the oriented film for transfer, the antistatic coating layer is provided under or on the opposite surface of the release layer, or the antistatic agent is added to the release layer. Due to the above reasons, it can be set within the above range.
- Antistatic agents added to antistatic coating layers, release layers and transfer oriented films include conductive polymers such as polyaniline and polythiophene, ionic polymers such as polystyrene sulfonate, tin-doped indium oxide, antimony-doped oxidation.
- conductive polymers such as polyaniline and polythiophene
- ionic polymers such as polystyrene sulfonate, tin-doped indium oxide, antimony-doped oxidation.
- conductive fine particles include tin.
- a release layer may be provided on the transfer oriented film.
- the release layer may not be provided. If the adhesion is too low, the surface may be corona treated to adjust the adhesion.
- the release layer can be formed using a known release agent, and alkyd resins, amino resins, long-chain acrylic acrylates, silicone resins, and fluororesins are preferred examples. These can be appropriately selected according to the adhesion to the transfer material.
- an easy adhesion layer may be provided as a lower layer of the oligomer block coat layer, the antistatic layer and the release layer.
- the release surface (A layer surface) of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably smooth.
- the lower limit of the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness (SRa) of the release surface of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 1 nm, more preferably 2 nm. If it is less than the above, it may be difficult to achieve the numerical value.
- the upper limit of SRa of the release surface of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 30 nm, more preferably 25 nm, further preferably 20 nm, particularly preferably 15 nm, and most preferably 10 nm. is there.
- the lower limit of the three-dimensional ten-point average roughness (SRz) of the release surface of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 5 nm, more preferably 10 nm, and further preferably 13 nm.
- the upper limit of SRz of the releasing surface of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 200 nm, more preferably 150 nm, further preferably 120 nm, particularly preferably 100 nm, and most preferably 80 nm. is there.
- the lower limit of the maximum height of the release surface (SRy: maximum release surface peak height SRp + release surface maximum valley depth SRv) of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention is preferably 10 nm, more preferably 15 nm, More preferably, it is 20 nm.
- the upper limit of SRy of the release surface of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 300 nm, more preferably 250 nm, further preferably 150 nm, particularly preferably 120 nm, most preferably 100 nm. is there.
- the upper limit of the number of protrusions of 0.5 ⁇ m or more on the release surface of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 5 / m 2 , more preferably 4 / m 2 , and further preferably 3 / m 2.
- the release surface roughness exceeds the above, the alignment state or phase difference does not become as designed in the minute portion of the liquid crystal compound alignment layer formed on the transfer alignment film of the present invention, and pinholes or scratches are generated. -Like defects may occur. It is considered that this is because, in the case of the alignment layer, the alignment layer on the convex portion is peeled off at the time of rubbing, and rubbing for the foot portion or the concave portion of the convex portion is insufficient. When the release surface layer contains particles, it is considered that the particles fall off during rubbing and damage the surface.
- a rubbing alignment layer or a photo-alignment layer when wound with the alignment layer provided, by rubbing against the back surface layer, a hole is formed in the alignment layer at the convex portion, and the alignment is caused by pressure. Disturbed, etc. It is considered that due to these defects in the alignment layer, the alignment of the liquid crystal compound does not occur in a minute portion when the alignment layer of the liquid crystal compound is provided on the alignment layer.
- the following method may be used when the oriented film for transfer of the present invention is a stretched film.
- the release layer side (surface layer) of the original film does not contain particles.
- the particles should have a small particle size.
- a flattening coat is provided.
- the surface layer preferably contains substantially no particles for smoothing.
- substantially free of particles is meant that the particle content is less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 30 ppm.
- the surface layer may contain particles to improve the slipperiness of the surface.
- the lower limit of the surface layer particle content is preferably 0 ppm, more preferably 50 ppm, and further preferably 100 ppm.
- the upper limit of the surface layer particle content is preferably 20000 ppm, more preferably 10000 ppm, further preferably 8000 ppm, and particularly preferably 6000 ppm. If it exceeds the above range, the roughness of the surface layer may not be within the preferred range.
- the lower limit of the surface layer particle size is preferably 0.005 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.01 ⁇ m, and further preferably 0.02 ⁇ m.
- the upper limit of the surface layer particle size is preferably 3 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 ⁇ m, further preferably 0.5 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 0.3 ⁇ m. If it exceeds the above range, the roughness of the surface layer may not be within the preferred range.
- the release surface layer may have a higher roughness due to the effect of the particles in the lower layer. In such a case, it is preferable to increase the thickness of the release surface layer or to provide a lower layer (intermediate layer) containing no particles.
- the lower limit of the surface layer thickness is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m, further preferably 1 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 3 ⁇ m, and most preferably 5 ⁇ m.
- the upper limit of the surface layer thickness is preferably 97%, more preferably 95%, and further preferably 90% based on the total thickness of the oriented film for transfer.
- the content of particles is less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 30 ppm, in the sense that the intermediate layer containing no particles contains substantially no particles.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the intermediate layer is preferably 10%, more preferably 20%, and further preferably 30% with respect to the total thickness of the transfer oriented film.
- the upper limit is preferably 95%, more preferably 90%.
- a flattening coat may be provided.
- the resin used for the flattening coat include those generally used as the resin for the coating agent such as polyester, acryl, polyurethane, polystyrene and polyamide. It is also preferable to use a crosslinking agent such as melamine, isocyanate, epoxy resin, or oxazoline compound. These are applied as a coating agent dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent or water and dried. Alternatively, in the case of acrylic, it may be coated without a solvent and cured by radiation.
- the planarization coat may be an oligomer block coat. When the release layer is provided as a coat, the release layer itself may be thickened.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the surface flattening coat layer is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m, further preferably 0.2 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 0.3 ⁇ m. If it is less than the above, the flattening effect may be insufficient.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the surface flattening coat layer is preferably 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 7 ⁇ m, further preferably 5 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 3 ⁇ m. Even if it exceeds the above range, no further flattening effect may be obtained.
- the flattening coat may be provided as an in-line coat during the film formation process, or may be provided as a separate offline coat.
- the transfer alignment film of the present invention may be wound in a roll shape and It was found that this is because the back surface is in contact with the surface, so that the roughness of the back surface is transferred to the front surface (the projections on the back surface are transferred to the release layer to form recesses).
- the transfer alignment film provided with the liquid crystal compound alignment layer may be wound with a masking film attached to protect the liquid crystal compound alignment layer, but it is often wound as it is for cost reduction.
- the alignment layer has a phenomenon in which the projections on the back surface cause depressions, holes, and disordered alignment of the alignment layer. Further, it is considered that after the liquid crystal compound alignment layer is provided, a phenomenon that holes are formed in the liquid crystal compound alignment layer and the alignment is disturbed due to the convex portion on the back surface. In particular, the pressure is high at the core portion, and these phenomena are likely to occur. From the above findings, it has been found that the above-mentioned defects can be prevented by making the surface (rear surface) opposite to the release surface have a specific roughness.
- the lower limit of the three-dimensional arithmetic average roughness (SRa) of the back surface of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 1 nm, more preferably 2 nm, further preferably 3 nm, particularly preferably 4 nm, and most preferably It is 5 nm.
- the upper limit of SRa on the back surface of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention is preferably 50 nm, more preferably 45 nm, and further preferably 40 nm. If it exceeds the above, there may be many defects.
- the lower limit of the three-dimensional ten-point average roughness (SRz) of the back surface of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 7 nm, more preferably 10 nm, further preferably 15 nm, particularly preferably 20 nm. , And most preferably 25 nm.
- the upper limit of SRz on the back surface of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention is preferably 1500 nm, more preferably 1200 nm, further preferably 1000 nm, particularly preferably 700 nm, and most preferably 500 nm. If it exceeds the above, there may be many defects.
- the lower limit of the maximum height (SRy: maximum back surface peak height SRp + back surface maximum depth SRv) of the oriented film for transfer of the present invention is preferably 15 nm, more preferably 20 nm, further preferably 25 nm. Yes, particularly preferably 30 nm, and most preferably 40 nm.
- the upper limit of the maximum height SRy of the back surface of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 2000 nm, more preferably 1500 nm, further preferably 1200 nm, particularly preferably 1000 nm, and most preferably 700 nm. Is. If it exceeds the above, there may be many defects.
- the upper limit of the number of protrusions of 2 ⁇ m or more on the back surface of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is preferably 5 / m 2 , more preferably 4 / m 2 , and further preferably 3 / m 2 . , Particularly preferably 2 / m 2 , and most preferably 1 / m 2 . If it exceeds the above, there may be many defects.
- the roughness of the back surface of the transfer oriented film of the present invention is less than the above range, the slipperiness of the film is deteriorated, and when the film is conveyed by a roll, it is difficult to slip during winding, and scratches are likely to occur. There is.
- the roughness of the back surface of the transfer oriented film of the present invention exceeds the above, the above-mentioned defects are likely to occur.
- the following method may be used when the oriented film for transfer of the present invention is a stretched film.
- the back side layer (back side layer) of the film raw material contains specific particles.
- -Use a film-containing intermediate layer containing particles, and reduce the thickness on the back surface side (back surface layer) containing no particles.
- the roughness of the backside layer (backside layer) of the original film is large, provide a flattening coat.
- an easy-sliding coat (particle containing coat) is provided.
- the lower limit of the particle diameter of the back surface layer is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m, and further preferably 0.1 ⁇ m. If it is less than the above range, slipperiness may be deteriorated and winding failure may occur.
- the upper limit of the particle diameter of the back surface layer is preferably 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 ⁇ m, and further preferably 2 ⁇ m. If it exceeds the above range, the back surface may be too rough.
- the back surface contains particles, it is preferably 50 ppm, more preferably 100 ppm. If it is less than the above range, the effect of slipperiness due to addition of particles may not be obtained.
- the upper limit of the content of the back surface layer particles is preferably 10,000 ppm, more preferably 7,000 ppm, and further preferably 5000 ppm. If it exceeds the above range, the back surface may be too rough.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the back surface layer is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m, further preferably 1 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 3 ⁇ m, and most preferably 5 ⁇ m.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the back surface layer is preferably 95%, more preferably 90%, and further preferably 85% with respect to the total thickness of the transfer oriented film.
- the particle size and amount of particles in the middle layer are the same as those in the back layer.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the back surface layer is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 ⁇ m, and further preferably 2 ⁇ m.
- the upper limit of the thickness is preferably 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 25 ⁇ m, further preferably 20 ⁇ m.
- the back side of the original film is rough, it is also preferable to provide a flattening coat.
- a flattening coat those mentioned for the surface flattening coat can be similarly used.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the back surface flattening coat layer is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.03 ⁇ m, and further preferably 0.05 ⁇ m. If it is less than the above, the flattening effect may be reduced.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the back surface flattening coat layer is preferably 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 ⁇ m, and further preferably 3 ⁇ m. Even if it exceeds the above, the flattening effect will be saturated.
- the particles on the back side of the original film may not contain particles, and an easy-sliding coat containing particles may be provided on the back surface. Further, when the roughness of the back surface of the original film is small, an easy-sliding coat may be provided.
- the lower limit of the particle size of the back surface easy-sliding coat layer is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m. If it is less than the above range, slipperiness may not be obtained.
- the upper limit of the particle size of the back surface easy-sliding coat layer is preferably 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 ⁇ m, further preferably 2 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 1 ⁇ m. If it exceeds the above range, the back surface roughness may be too high.
- the lower limit of the particle content of the back surface easy-sliding coat layer is preferably 0.1% by mass, more preferably 0.5% by mass, further preferably 1% by mass, particularly preferably 1.5% by mass. And most preferably 2% by mass. If it is less than the above range, slipperiness may not be obtained.
- the upper limit of the particle content of the back surface easy-sliding coat layer is preferably 20% by mass, more preferably 15% by mass, and further preferably 10% by mass. If it exceeds the above range, the back surface roughness may be too high.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the back surface easy-sliding coat layer is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.03 ⁇ m, and further preferably 0.05 ⁇ m.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the back surface easy-sliding coat layer is preferably 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 ⁇ m, further preferably 3 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 2 ⁇ m, and most preferably 1 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of MD magnification is preferably 1.5 times.
- the upper limit is preferably 6 times, more preferably 5.5 times, and further preferably 5 times.
- the lower limit of TD magnification is preferably 1.5 times.
- the upper limit of the TD magnification is preferably 6 times, more preferably 5.5 times, and further preferably 5 times.
- the lower limit of the HS temperature is preferably 150 ° C, more preferably 170 ° C. If it is less than the above, the heat shrinkage ratio may not decrease.
- the upper limit of the HS temperature is preferably 240 ° C, more preferably 230 ° C. If it exceeds the above range, the resin may deteriorate.
- the lower limit of the TD relaxation rate is preferably 0.1%, more preferably 0.5%. If it is less than the above, the heat shrinkage ratio may not decrease.
- the upper limit of the TD relaxation rate is preferably 8%, more preferably 6%, further preferably 5%. If it exceeds the above range, the flatness may be deteriorated due to the slack, and the thickness may become uneven.
- annealing it is preferable to unwind the film and pass it through an oven to wind it.
- the lower limit of the annealing temperature is preferably 80 ° C, more preferably 90 ° C, and further preferably 100 ° C. If it is less than the above, the annealing effect may not be obtained in some cases.
- the upper limit of the annealing temperature is preferably 200 ° C, more preferably 180 ° C, and further preferably 160 ° C. If it exceeds the above range, the flatness may be deteriorated or the heat shrinkage may be increased.
- the lower limit of the annealing time is preferably 5 seconds, more preferably 10 seconds, and further preferably 15 seconds. If it is less than the above, the annealing effect may not be obtained in some cases.
- the upper limit of the annealing time is preferably 10 minutes, more preferably 5 minutes, further preferably 3 minutes, and particularly preferably 1 minute. If it exceeds the above range, not only the effect is saturated, but also a large oven is required, and the productivity may be deteriorated.
- the relaxation rate is adjusted by the peripheral speed difference between the unwinding speed and the winding speed, and the relaxation rate is adjusted by adjusting the winding tension.
- the lower limit of the relaxation rate is preferably 0.5%. If it is less than the above, the annealing effect may not be obtained in some cases.
- the upper limit of the relaxation rate is preferably 8%, more preferably 6%, further preferably 5%. If it exceeds the above range, the flatness may be deteriorated or winding failure may occur.
- the liquid crystal compound alignment layer transfer laminate of the present invention has a structure in which the liquid crystal compound alignment layer and the transfer alignment film of the present invention are laminated.
- the liquid crystal compound alignment layer must be applied and aligned on the transfer alignment film.
- a method for orienting a method for giving an orientation control function by rubbing a lower layer (release surface) of the liquid crystal compound orientation layer, or irradiating polarized ultraviolet rays after coating the liquid crystal compound to orient the liquid crystal compound directly There is a way.
- the alignment layer and the liquid crystal compound alignment layer may be collectively referred to as a liquid crystal compound alignment layer, instead of the liquid crystal compound alignment layer alone.
- the orientation control layer any orientation control layer may be used as long as it can bring the liquid crystal compound orientation layer into a desired orientation state, but a rubbing treatment orientation control layer obtained by rubbing a resin coating film or A preferable example is a photo-alignment control layer that orients molecules by polarized light irradiation to produce an alignment function.
- a rubbing treatment orientation control layer coating liquid containing the above-mentioned polymer material is applied on the release surface of the orientation film and then dried by heating to obtain an orientation control layer before the rubbing treatment.
- the orientation control layer coating liquid may contain a crosslinking agent.
- any solvent that dissolves the polymer material can be used without limitation.
- Specific examples thereof include alcohols such as water, methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol and cellosolve; ester solvents such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and gamma-butyrolactone; acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone. , And the like; ketone-based solvents such as; and aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene and xylene; and ether-based solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and dimethoxyethane. These solvents may be used alone or in combination.
- the concentration of the coating solution for rubbing alignment control layer can be appropriately adjusted depending on the type of polymer and the thickness of the alignment control layer to be produced, but it is preferably 0.2 to 20% by mass in terms of solid content concentration. The range of 0.3 to 10% by mass is particularly preferable.
- a coating method known methods such as a gravure coating method, a die coating method, a bar coating method and an applicator method, and a printing method such as a flexo method are used.
- the heating and drying temperature is preferably in the range of 30 to 170 ° C. in the case of PET, more preferably 50 to 150 ° C., and further preferably 70 to 130 ° C., although it depends on the oriented film for transfer.
- the heating and drying time may be, for example, 0.5 to 30 minutes, more preferably 1 to 20 minutes, and further preferably 2 to 10 minutes.
- the thickness of the rubbing orientation control layer is preferably 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.05 to 5 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m.
- the rubbing treatment can be generally performed by rubbing the surface of the polymer layer with paper or cloth in a certain direction.
- the surface of the orientation control layer is rubbed by using a rubbing roller made of a raised cloth of fibers such as nylon, polyester, and acrylic.
- the rubbing direction of the alignment control layer also needs to be at an angle suitable for it. The angle can be adjusted by adjusting the angle between the rubbing roller and the oriented film, and adjusting the conveying speed of the oriented film and the rotation speed of the roller.
- the photo-alignment control layer is an alignment film in which a coating liquid containing a polymer or monomer having a photoreactive group and a solvent is applied to the alignment film, and the alignment control force is imparted by irradiating polarized light, preferably polarized ultraviolet light.
- the photoreactive group refers to a group that produces a liquid crystal aligning ability when irradiated with light. Specifically, it is one that causes a photoreaction that is the origin of the liquid crystal alignment ability, such as an orientation induction or isomerization reaction, a dimerization reaction, a photocrosslinking reaction, or a photodecomposition reaction of a molecule generated by irradiation with light. is there.
- the photoreactive groups those that cause a dimerization reaction or a photocrosslinking reaction are preferable because they have excellent alignment properties and maintain the smectic liquid crystal state of the liquid crystal compound alignment layer.
- a group having at least one selected from the above is particularly preferable.
- a photoreactive group capable of causing a photodimerization reaction is preferable
- a cinnamoyl group and a chalcone group have a relatively small amount of polarized light irradiation necessary for photoalignment, and a photoalignment layer having excellent thermal stability and stability over time. It is preferable because it is easily obtained.
- a polymer having a photoreactive group a polymer having a cinnamoyl group such that the end portion of the polymer side chain has a cinnamic acid structure is particularly preferable.
- the main chain structure include polyimide, polyamide, (meth) acrylic, polyester, and the like.
- Specific alignment control layers include, for example, JP-A 2006-285197, JP-A 2007-76839, JP-A 2007-138138, JP-A 2007-94071, and JP-A 2007-121721. , JP-A-2007-140465, JP-A-2007-156439, JP-A-2007-133184, JP-A-2009-109831, JP-A-2002-229039, JP-A-2002-265541, and Alignment described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-317013, Special Table 2003-520878, Special Table 2004-529220, JP2013-33248, JP2015-7702, and JP2015-129210. A control layer is included.
- the solvent for the photo-alignment control layer forming coating liquid can be used without limitation as long as it dissolves the polymer and monomer having a photoreactive group. Specific examples include those mentioned in the method of forming the rubbing orientation control layer. It is also preferable to add a photopolymerization initiator, a polymerization inhibitor, and various stabilizers to the coating liquid for forming the photo-alignment control layer. Further, a polymer other than the polymer having the photoreactive group and the monomer, or a monomer having no photoreactive group which is copolymerizable with the monomer having the photoreactive group may be added.
- the concentration, coating method, and drying conditions of the coating liquid for forming the photo-alignment control layer can be the same as those mentioned in the method for forming the rubbing-alignment control layer.
- the thickness is the same as the preferable thickness of the rubbing treatment orientation control layer.
- the transfer orientation film may be passed through for irradiation.
- the wavelength of polarized light is preferably in the wavelength range where the photoreactive group of the polymer or monomer having a photoreactive group can absorb light energy.
- ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 250 to 400 nm are preferable.
- Examples of polarized light sources include xenon lamps, high-pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high pressure mercury lamps, metal halide lamps, and ultraviolet light lasers such as KrF and ArF. High-pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high-pressure mercury lamps and metal halide lamps are preferable. .
- Polarized light is obtained, for example, by passing light from the light source through a polarizer.
- the polarization direction can be adjusted by adjusting the polarization angle of the polarizer.
- the polarizer include a polarizing filter, a polarizing prism such as Glan-Thompson and Glan-Teller, and a wire grid type polarizer.
- the polarized light is preferably substantially collimated light.
- the direction of the alignment control force of the photo-alignment control layer can be adjusted arbitrarily.
- the irradiation intensity is different in kind and amount of a polymerization initiator or a resin (monomer), for example, preferably 10 ⁇ 10000mJ / cm 2 at 365nm reference, and more preferably 20 ⁇ 5000mJ / cm 2.
- the liquid crystal compound alignment layer is not particularly limited as long as the liquid crystal compound is aligned. Specific examples include a polarizing film (polarizer) containing a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye, and a retardation layer containing a rod-shaped or discotic liquid crystal compound.
- polarizer polarizing film
- retardation layer containing a rod-shaped or discotic liquid crystal compound.
- the polarizing film has a function of passing polarized light in only one direction and contains a dichroic dye.
- the dichroic dye is a dye having a property that the absorbance in the long axis direction of the molecule and the absorbance in the short axis direction of the molecule are different.
- the dichroic dye preferably has an absorption maximum wavelength ( ⁇ MAX) in the range of 300 to 700 nm.
- a dichroic dye examples include an acridine dye, an oxazine dye, a cyanine dye, a naphthalene dye, an azo dye and an anthraquinone dye, and among them, an azo dye is preferable.
- the azo dye examples include a monoazo dye, a bisazo dye, a trisazo dye, a tetrakisazo dye and a stilbeneazo dye, and a bisazo dye and a trisazo dye are preferable.
- the dichroic dyes may be used alone or in combination, but it is preferable to combine two or more kinds in order to adjust the color tone (achromatic color). Particularly, it is preferable to combine three or more kinds. In particular, it is preferable to combine three or more kinds of azo compounds.
- Preferred azo compounds include dyes described in JP-A 2007-126628, 2010-168570, 2013-101328, and 2013-210624.
- the dichroic dye is a dichroic dye polymer introduced into the side chain of a polymer such as acrylic.
- dichroic dye polymers include polymers described in JP-A-2016-4055 and polymers obtained by polymerizing the compounds of [Chemical formula 6] to [Chemical formula 12] in JP-A-2014-206682.
- the content of the dichroic dye in the polarizing film is preferably 0.1 to 30% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 20% by mass, from the viewpoint of improving the orientation of the dichroic dye. , 1.0 to 15 mass% is more preferable, and 2.0 to 10 mass% is particularly preferable.
- the polarizing film preferably further contains a polymerizable liquid crystal compound in order to improve film strength, polarization degree and film homogeneity.
- the polymerizable liquid crystal compound also includes a substance after polymerization as a film.
- the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is a compound having a polymerizable group and exhibiting liquid crystallinity.
- the polymerizable group means a group that participates in the polymerization reaction, and is preferably a photopolymerizable group.
- the photopolymerizable group refers to a group capable of undergoing a polymerization reaction with an active radical or an acid generated from a photopolymerization initiator described later.
- Examples of the polymerizable group include vinyl group, vinyloxy group, 1-chlorovinyl group, isopropenyl group, 4-vinylphenyl group, acryloyloxy group, methacryloyloxy group, oxiranyl group and oxetanyl group. Among them, an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group, a vinyloxy group, an oxiranyl group and an oxetanyl group are preferable, and an acryloyloxy group is more preferable.
- the compound exhibiting liquid crystallinity may be a thermotropic liquid crystal or a lyotropic liquid crystal, and may be a nematic liquid crystal or a smectic liquid crystal in the thermotropic liquid crystal.
- the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is preferably a smectic liquid crystal compound, and more preferably a high-order smectic liquid crystal compound, in that higher polarization characteristics can be obtained.
- the liquid crystal phase formed by the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is a higher order smectic phase, a polarizing film having a higher degree of orientational order can be manufactured.
- Specific preferred polymerizable liquid crystal compounds include, for example, JP-A-2002-308832, JP-A-2007-16207, JP-A-2015-163596, JP-A-2007-510946, and JP-A-2013-114131.
- Publication, WO 2005/045485, Lub et al. Recl. Trav. Chim. Examples include those described in Pays-Bas, 115, 321-328 (1996) and the like.
- the content ratio of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the polarizing film is preferably 70 to 99.5% by mass, more preferably 75 to 99% by mass, further from the viewpoint of increasing the orientation of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. It is preferably 80 to 97% by mass, and particularly preferably 83 to 95% by mass.
- the polarizing film can be provided by applying a coating composition for the polarizing film.
- the polarizing film composition coating material may contain a solvent, a polymerization initiator, a sensitizer, a polymerization inhibitor, a leveling agent, a polymerizable non-liquid crystal compound, a crosslinking agent and the like.
- solvent those mentioned as the solvent for the alignment layer coating solution are preferably used.
- the polymerization initiator is not limited as long as it polymerizes the polymerizable liquid crystal compound, but a photopolymerization initiator that generates an active radical by light is preferable.
- the polymerization initiator include benzoin compounds, benzophenone compounds, alkylphenone compounds, acylphosphine oxide compounds, triazine compounds, iodonium salts and sulfonium salts.
- the photosensitizer is preferable as the sensitizer.
- a xanthone compound, an anthracene compound, phenothiazine, rubrene, etc. are mentioned.
- polymerization inhibitors examples include hydroquinones, catechols, and thiophenols.
- the polymerizable non-liquid crystal compound those which are copolymerizable with the polymerizable liquid crystal compound are preferable, and for example, when the polymerizable liquid crystal compound has a (meth) acryloyloxy group, (meth) crates can be mentioned.
- the (meth) acrylates may be monofunctional or polyfunctional. By using polyfunctional (meth) acrylates, the strength of the polarizing film can be improved.
- a polymerizable non-liquid crystal compound it is preferably contained in the polarizing film in an amount of 1 to 15% by mass, more preferably 2 to 10% by mass, and particularly preferably 3 to 7% by mass. If it exceeds 15% by mass, the degree of polarization may decrease.
- cross-linking agent examples include compounds capable of reacting with a functional group of a polymerizable liquid crystal compound and a polymerizable non-liquid crystal compound, such as an isocyanate compound, melamine, an epoxy resin and an oxazoline compound.
- the polarizing film is provided by directly applying the polarizing film composition coating material on the transfer orientation film or the orientation control layer, and then drying, heating, and curing if necessary.
- the coating method known methods such as a gravure coating method, a die coating method, a bar coating method and an applicator method, and a printing method such as a flexo method are used as the coating method.
- the coated transfer oriented film is introduced into a hot air dryer, an infrared dryer or the like and dried at 30 to 170 ° C., more preferably 50 to 150 ° C., further preferably 70 to 130 ° C.
- the drying time is preferably 0.5 to 30 minutes, more preferably 1 to 20 minutes, and even more preferably 2 to 10 minutes.
- Heating can be performed to more strongly align the dichroic dye and the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the polarizing film.
- the heating temperature is preferably in the temperature range in which the polymerizable liquid crystal compound forms a liquid crystal phase.
- the coating composition for the polarizing film contains a polymerizable liquid crystal compound
- it is preferably cured.
- the curing method include heating and light irradiation, and light irradiation is preferable.
- the dichroic dye can be fixed in the oriented state.
- the curing is preferably performed in a state where a liquid crystal phase is formed in the polymerizable liquid crystal compound, and may be cured by irradiation with light at a temperature showing the liquid crystal phase.
- the light in the light irradiation include visible light, ultraviolet light and laser light. From the viewpoint of easy handling, ultraviolet light is preferable.
- the irradiation intensity is different in kind and amount of a polymerization initiator or a resin (monomer), for example, preferably 100 ⁇ 10000mJ / cm 2 at 365nm reference, more preferably 200 ⁇ 5000mJ / cm 2.
- Polarizing film by applying a polarizing film composition paint on the orientation control layer, the dye is oriented along the orientation direction of the orientation layer, as a result, it will have a polarization transmission axis of a predetermined direction,
- the polarization film can be aligned by irradiating polarized light to cure the composition for forming the polarization film.
- polarized light in a desired direction for example, polarized light in an oblique direction
- the dichroic dye is strongly aligned along the alignment direction of the polymer liquid crystal by further heat treatment thereafter.
- the thickness of the polarizing film is 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 0.3 to 3 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 to 2 ⁇ m.
- retardation layer Representative examples of the retardation layer include a layer provided for optical compensation between a polarizer of a liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal cell, and a ⁇ / 4 layer and a ⁇ / 2 layer of a circularly polarizing plate.
- a polarizer of a liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal cell
- a ⁇ / 4 layer and a ⁇ / 2 layer of a circularly polarizing plate As the liquid crystal compound, a raw or negative A plate, a positive or negative C plate, an O plate, or the like, and a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound, a discotic liquid crystal compound, or the like can be used depending on the purpose.
- the degree of retardation is appropriately set depending on the type of liquid crystal cell and the properties of the liquid crystal compound used in the cell when used for optical compensation of a liquid crystal display device.
- an O plate using discotic liquid crystal is preferably used.
- a C plate or A plate using a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound or a discotic liquid crystal compound is preferably used.
- a rod-shaped compound it is preferable to use a rod-shaped compound to form an A plate.
- the liquid crystal compound used for these retardation layers is preferably a polymerizable liquid crystal compound having a polymerizable group such as a double bond from the viewpoint that the alignment state can be fixed.
- rod-shaped liquid crystal compounds examples include JP-A-2002-030042, JP-A-2004-204190, JP-A-2005-263789, JP-A-2007-119415, JP-A-2007-186430, and Examples thereof include rod-like liquid crystal compounds having a polymerizable group described in Kaihei 11-513360.
- rod-shaped liquid crystal compounds may be used in combination at an arbitrary ratio.
- discotic liquid crystal compound examples include benzene derivatives, truxene derivatives, cyclohexane derivatives, azacrown-based and phenylacetylene-based macrocycles, and various compounds are described in JP-A-2001-155866. Is preferably used. Among them, a compound having a triphenylene ring represented by the following general formula (1) is preferably used as the discotic compound.
- R 1 to R 6 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, an alkyl group, or a group represented by —O—X (where X is an alkyl group, an acyl group, an alkoxybenzyl group, an epoxy-modified group).
- R 1 to R 6 are preferably an acryloyloxy-modified alkoxybenzyl group represented by the following general formula (2) (where m is 4 to 10).
- the retardation layer can be provided by applying the composition coating for the retardation layer.
- the retardation layer composition coating material may contain a solvent, a polymerization initiator, a sensitizer, a polymerization inhibitor, a leveling agent, a polymerizable non-liquid crystal compound, a crosslinking agent and the like. As these, those described in the alignment control layer and the liquid crystal polarizer can be used.
- the retardation layer is provided by applying the composition coating for the retardation layer on the release surface of the orientation film or the orientation control layer, followed by drying, heating and curing.
- the conditions explained in the orientation control layer and the liquid crystal polarizer are used as preferable conditions.
- a plurality of retardation layers may be provided.
- a plurality of retardation layers may be provided on one transfer alignment film and transferred to an object, and the transfer layer may be transferred onto one transfer alignment film. It is also possible to prepare a plurality of types provided with a single retardation layer and transfer these in order to the object.
- the polarizing layer and the retardation layer may be provided on a single transfer orientation film and transferred to an object.
- a protective layer may be provided between the polarizer and the retardation layer, or a protective layer may be provided on the retardation layer or between the retardation layers. These protective layers may be provided on the transfer orientation film together with the retardation layer and the polarizing layer and transferred to the object.
- a transparent resin coating layer may be used as the protective layer.
- the transparent resin is not particularly limited, such as polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, polystyrene, acrylic resin and epoxy resin.
- a cross-linking structure may be formed by adding a cross-linking agent to these resins. Further, it may be one obtained by curing a photocurable composition such as acrylic as a hard coat. Further, after the protective layer is provided on the alignment film, the protective layer may be rubbed, and the liquid crystal compound alignment layer may be provided thereon without providing the alignment layer.
- the method for producing a liquid crystal compound alignment layer laminated polarizing plate of the present invention includes a step of laminating a liquid crystal compound alignment layer surface of the liquid crystal compound alignment layer transfer laminate of the present invention to form an intermediate laminate, and an intermediate laminate. The step of peeling the oriented film from the body is included.
- the liquid crystal compound alignment layer is the liquid crystal compound alignment layer used for the circularly polarizing plate.
- a ⁇ / 4 layer is used as the retardation layer (referred to as a liquid crystal compound alignment layer in the transfer laminate).
- the front retardation of the ⁇ / 4 layer is preferably 100 to 180 nm. More preferably, it is 120 to 150 nm.
- the orientation axis (slow axis) of the ⁇ / 4 layer and the transmission axis of the polarizer are preferably 35 to 55 degrees, more preferably 40 degrees to 50 degrees, and further preferably Is 42 to 48 degrees.
- the absorption axis of the polarizer is in the length direction of the long polarizer film, and therefore the long alignment film for transfer has a ⁇ .
- the liquid crystal compound is oriented so as to have the above relationship by taking the angle of the transmission axis of the polarizer into consideration.
- the polarizing plate may have a protective film provided on both sides of the polarizer, but preferably has a protective film provided on only one side. In the case of a polarizing plate in which a protective film is provided only on one surface, it is preferable to attach a retardation layer to the opposite surface (polarizer surface) of the protective film.
- the retardation layer is attached to the side that is supposed to be on the image cell side.
- the surface that is assumed to be on the image cell side is a surface that is not generally surface-treated such as a low reflection layer, an antireflection layer, and an antiglare layer, which is provided on the viewing side.
- the protective film on the side to which the retardation layer is attached is preferably a protective film such as TAC, acrylic, or COP having no retardation.
- polarizer a PVA-based film alone is stretched to form a polarizer, or an unstretched substrate such as polyester or polypropylene is coated with PVA, and the polarizer is stretched to protect the polarizer.
- examples thereof include those transferred to a film and those obtained by coating or transferring a polarizer comprising a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye on a polarizer protective film, and any of them is preferably used.
- a conventionally known one such as an adhesive or an adhesive can be used.
- an adhesive a polyvinyl alcohol adhesive, an ultraviolet curable adhesive such as acrylic or epoxy, or a thermosetting adhesive such as epoxy or isocyanate (urethane) is preferably used.
- the adhesive include acrylic, urethane-based and rubber-based adhesives. It is also preferable to use an optical transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet without an acrylic base material.
- the polarizer When a transfer type is used as the polarizer, the polarizer is transferred onto the retardation layer (liquid crystal compound alignment layer) of the transfer laminate, and then the polarizer and the retardation layer are targeted (polarizer protective film). It may be transferred to.
- the retardation layer liquid crystal compound alignment layer
- the polarizer protective film on the side opposite to the side where the retardation layer is provided commonly known ones such as TAC, acrylic, COP, polycarbonate, polyester can be used. Among them, TAC, acrylic, COP and polyester are preferable.
- the polyester is preferably polyethylene terephthalate. In the case of polyester, a zero retardation film having an in-plane retardation of 100 nm or less, particularly 50 nm or less, or a high retardation film of 3000 nm to 30,000 nm is preferable.
- the angle between the transmission axis of the polarizer and the slow axis of the high retardation film is in the range of 30 to 60 degrees for the purpose of preventing blackout and coloring when viewing the image with polarized sunglasses. Is preferable, and the range of 35 to 55 degrees is more preferable.
- the angle between the transmission axis of the polarizer and the slow axis of the high retardation film be 10 degrees or less, and even 7 degrees or less? Alternatively, it is preferably 80 to 100 degrees, and more preferably 83 to 97 degrees.
- the polarizer protective film on the opposite side may be provided with an antiglare layer, an antireflection layer, a low reflection layer, a hard coat layer and the like.
- the ⁇ / 4 layer may be used in combination with the ⁇ / 2 layer.
- the front retardation of the ⁇ / 2 layer is preferably 200 to 360 nm. More preferably, it is 240 to 300 nm.
- the angle ( ⁇ ) between the orientation axis (slow axis) of the ⁇ / 2 layer and the transmission axis of the polarizer is preferably 5 to 20 degrees, more preferably 7 to 17 degrees.
- the angle between the orientation axis (slow axis) of the ⁇ / 2 layer and the orientation axis of ⁇ / 4 (slow axis) is preferably 2 ⁇ + 45 ° ⁇ 10 °, more preferably 2 ⁇ + 45 ° ⁇ 5 °. Yes, and more preferably within the range of 2 ⁇ + 45 ° ⁇ 3 °.
- the absorption axis of the polarizer is in the length direction of the long polarizer film, and therefore, for long-length transfer.
- a ⁇ / 2 layer or a ⁇ / 4 layer is provided on the oriented film, it is preferable to orient the liquid crystal compound so as to be in the above range with respect to the lengthwise direction or the lengthwise vertical direction of the long transfer oriented film. .
- the liquid crystal compound is oriented so as to have the above relationship by taking the angle of the transmission axis of the polarizer into consideration.
- a C plate layer on the ⁇ / 4 layer in order to reduce the change in coloring when viewed from an angle.
- a positive or negative C plate layer is used according to the characteristics of the ⁇ / 4 layer and the ⁇ / 2 layer.
- a ⁇ / 2 layer is provided on the polarizer by transfer, and a ⁇ / 4 layer is further provided on it by transfer.
- a ⁇ / 4 layer and a ⁇ / 2 layer are provided in this order on the transfer orientation film, and this is transferred onto the polarizer.
- a ⁇ / 4 layer, a ⁇ / 2 layer and a polarizing layer are provided in this order on the transfer orientation film, and this is transferred to an object.
- a ⁇ / 2 layer and a polarizing layer are provided in this order on the transfer orientation film, and this is transferred to an object, and then the ⁇ / 4 layer is transferred onto this.
- Various methods such as can be adopted.
- a method of transferring the C plate layer onto the ⁇ / 4 layer provided on the polarizer, or providing the C plate layer on the oriented film, and further forming the ⁇ / 4 layer thereon Various methods such as a method of providing a ⁇ / 2 layer and a ⁇ / 4 layer and transferring the layer can be adopted.
- the thickness of the circularly polarizing plate thus obtained is preferably 120 ⁇ m or less. It is more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 90 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 80 ⁇ m or less, and most preferably 70 ⁇ m or less.
- the method for inspecting a laminate for transferring a liquid crystal compound alignment layer according to the present invention is parallel to the alignment direction of the alignment film, the direction orthogonal to the alignment direction, the flow direction of the alignment film, or the direction orthogonal to the flow direction.
- the method includes the steps of irradiating linearly polarized light having an electric field vibration direction from the alignment film surface of the laminate and receiving light on the liquid crystal compound alignment layer surface side, and inspecting whether the received light is in the extinction state.
- the optical properties of the liquid crystal compound alignment layer transfer laminate can be inspected in a state where the liquid crystal compound alignment layer is a retardation layer and is laminated on the transfer alignment film.
- a linearly polarized light that is parallel or perpendicular to the alignment direction of the transfer alignment film is irradiated, and the change in the polarization state is detected by the light receiver installed on the opposite surface of the laminate.
- the direction parallel to the orientation direction of the transfer orientation film is preferably ⁇ 10 to +10 degrees, more preferably ⁇ 7 to 7 degrees, further preferably ⁇ 5 to 5 degrees, particularly preferably ⁇ 3 to 3 degrees, most preferably Is -2 to 2 degrees.
- the direction perpendicular to the orientation direction of the transfer orientation film is preferably 80 to 100 degrees, more preferably 83 to 97 degrees, further preferably 85 to 95 degrees, particularly preferably 87 to 93 degrees, and most preferably 88 to 92. It is degree. If the amount exceeds the above range, the polarized light that strikes the retardation layer or the polarized light that has passed therethrough may be disturbed by the retardation of the base material, and accurate evaluation may not be possible.
- the angle of the linearly polarized light to be irradiated may be adjusted each time according to the orientation direction of the transfer orientation film, but the inspection becomes complicated. Therefore, it is also preferable to fix the linearly polarized light to be irradiated as parallel or perpendicular to the flow direction of the transfer orientation film and inspect it.
- the parallel or vertical range is the same as above.
- a polarizing filter between the light receiver and the liquid crystal alignment layer (retardation layer) transfer laminate (film to be inspected).
- the liquid crystal compound alignment layer (retardation layer) transfer laminate and the polarizing filter the light that has been elliptically polarized by the phase difference layer of the liquid crystal compound alignment layer (retardation layer) transfer laminate is designed.
- a retardation plate for converting it into linearly polarized light.
- the polarizing layer can be inspected by irradiating natural light (non-polarized light) and receiving transmitted light through a polarizing filter. Further, the inspection can be performed by irradiating the transfer laminate with the linearly polarized light through the polarizing filter and receiving the transmitted light. In these cases, the polarizing filter is set to an angle that extinguishes when the polarizing layer provided on the transfer orientation film is designed.
- orientation direction was determined at five points (5 cm inward from each end), the central part, and the intermediate part between the central part and both ends. An intermediate portion between the central portion and both end portions is at a position where the distance between the central portion and both end portions is divided into two equal parts.
- the orientation direction was the slow axis direction of the film obtained by using a molecular orientation meter (MOA-6004 type molecular orientation meter manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.). Next, it was examined whether the orientation direction of the entire film was close to the machine direction (MD) or the width direction (TD).
- the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among the angles obtained at the above-mentioned 5 places was defined as "the angular difference in the orientation angle in the width direction of the film".
- the angle is a positive value when the orientation direction is on the same side as the maximum value with respect to the longitudinal direction or the width direction, and a negative value when the orientation direction is on the opposite side to the longitudinal direction or the width direction.
- the minimum value is evaluated by distinguishing between positive and negative.
- a lower polarizing plate is placed on a surface emitting light source using a white LED using a yellow phosphor as a light source, and a retardation layer (liquid crystal compound orientation layer) is placed on the orientation film for transfer.
- the provided sample laminated body was placed so that the extinction axis direction (absorption axis direction) of the polarizing plate was parallel to the long side direction of the sample laminated body.
- a ⁇ / 4 film made of a stretched film of a cyclic polyolefin is placed thereon so that the orientation main axis is in the direction of 45 degrees with the extinction axis of the lower polarizing plate, and the upper polarizing plate is placed on the upper polarizing plate.
- the extinction axis of was placed parallel to the extinction axis of the lower polarizing plate. In this state, the extinction state was observed. Specifically, the extinction state of the brightest part of the sample laminate was evaluated according to the following criteria. In addition, excluding the sample laminate and the ⁇ / 4 film, the extinction state was the extinction state in which the lower polarizing plate and the upper polarizing plate were in a crossed Nicol state. ⁇ : There was no part that felt bright, and the whole was in the extinguished state. ⁇ : A slight amount of transmitted light was recognized as compared with the extinction state. ⁇ : Although transmitted light was observed, it was possible to evaluate the phase difference state. X: A large amount of transmitted light, and it was difficult to evaluate the phase difference state.
- the uniformity of the extinction state in the sample laminate was evaluated according to the following criteria.
- the extinction state was the extinction state in which the lower polarizing plate and the upper polarizing plate were in a crossed Nicol state.
- ⁇ The brightness was almost the same in the entire sample laminate.
- ⁇ There was a slight difference in brightness.
- ⁇ There was a small difference in brightness.
- X The difference in brightness was large.
- the angle difference between the extinction direction and the long side direction of the orientation film is obtained, the difference between this angle difference and 45 degrees is taken as the heating orientation direction deviation, and the average value of 5 times is calculated and evaluated according to the following criteria. did. A: Within 1 degree. ⁇ : More than 1 degree and less than 2 degrees. ⁇ : More than 2 degrees and 3 degrees or less. X: Exceeded 3 degrees.
- the obtained filtrate was concentrated to dryness with a rotary evaporator. 10 ml of dimethylformamide was added to the concentrated dry solid to give an ester cyclic trimer measurement solution, and the content of the ester cyclic trimer was determined by liquid chromatography.
- the film with the protective film attached is set in an oven heated to 150 ° C., and after 90 minutes have elapsed, the film is taken out. After that, the protective film is peeled off, the haze of the film is measured by the same method as described above, and the haze is obtained after heating. The difference in haze before and after heating is defined as ⁇ haze.
- ⁇ haze (%) (haze after heating)-(haze before heating)
- the same operation as above was continuously performed 150 times at intervals of 2 ⁇ m in the width direction of the film, that is, over 0.3 mm in the width direction of the film, and the data was captured by the analyzer.
- the center plane average roughness (SRa), the ten-point average roughness (SRz), and the maximum height (SRy) were obtained using an analyzer.
- the portion thus detected is cut into an appropriate size from the test piece, and a three-dimensional shape measuring device (Micromap TYPE550, manufactured by Ryoka Systems Inc .; measurement conditions: wavelength 550 nm, WAVE mode, objective lens 10 times) is used. It was used and observed from the direction perpendicular to the film surface and measured. At this time, the irregularities that are close to each other within 50 ⁇ m when observed from the direction perpendicular to the film surface are assumed to be the same scratch and a rectangle covering them as foreign matter, and the length and width of this rectangle are scratched, and the length of the foreign matter is long. And width.
- a three-dimensional shape measuring device Micromap TYPE550, manufactured by Ryoka Systems Inc .; measurement conditions: wavelength 550 nm, WAVE mode, objective lens 10 times
- the number of defects was quantified using a cross-sectional image (SURFACE PROFILE DISPLAY). The measurement was performed on 20 test pieces and converted into the number of defects per 1 m 2 . The number of defects having a height difference (difference between the highest point and the lowest point) of 0.5 ⁇ m or more on the release surface and the number of defects having a height difference of 2.0 ⁇ m or more on the back surface were counted.
- the pressure and temperature were raised, and the pressure esterification reaction was carried out under the conditions of a gauge pressure of 0.34 MPa and 240 ° C., the esterification reaction vessel was returned to normal pressure, and 0.014 parts by mass of phosphoric acid was added. . Furthermore, the temperature was raised to 260 ° C. over 15 minutes, and 0.012 parts by mass of trimethyl phosphate was added. Then, 15 minutes later, a dispersion treatment was performed with a high-pressure disperser, and after 15 minutes, the obtained esterification reaction product was transferred to a polycondensation reaction can and subjected to polycondensation reaction under reduced pressure at 280 ° C.
- PET (Xm) polyethylene terephthalate resin
- the intrinsic viscosity of PET (X-m) was 0.62 dl / g, and substantially no inert particles or internally precipitated particles were contained.
- polyester resin 10 parts by mass of the dried UV absorber (2,2 ′-(1,4-phenylene) bis (4H-3,1-benzoxazinone-4-one) and PET (Xm) (having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.62 dl / g) 90 parts by mass were mixed, and a kneading extruder was used to obtain a polyethylene terephthalate resin (PET (Y)) containing an ultraviolet absorber.
- PET (Y) 10 parts by mass of the dried UV absorber (2,2 ′-(1,4-phenylene) bis (4H-3,1-benzoxazinone-4-one) and PET (Xm) (having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.62 dl / g) 90 parts by mass were mixed, and a kneading extruder was used to obtain a polyethylene terephthalate resin (PET (Y)) containing an ultraviolet absorber.
- a polyurethane resin D-1 containing an aliphatic polycarbonate polyol as a constituent component was produced by the following procedure. In a four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a Dimroth condenser, a nitrogen introduction tube, a silica gel drying tube, and a thermometer, 43.75 parts by mass of 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 12.85 parts by mass of dimethylolbutanoic acid, and a number 153.41 parts by mass of polyhexamethylene carbonate diol having an average molecular weight of 2000, 0.03 parts by mass of dibutyltin dilaurate, and 84.00 parts by mass of acetone as a solvent were added, and the mixture was stirred at 75 ° C.
- reaction liquid was cooled to 40 ° C., and then 8.77 parts by mass of triethylamine was added to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer solution.
- 450 g of water was added to a reaction vessel equipped with a homodisper capable of high-speed stirring, the temperature was adjusted to 25 ° C., and while stirring and mixing at 2000 min-1, the polyurethane prepolymer solution was added and dispersed in water. . Then, acetone and part of water were removed under reduced pressure to prepare a water-soluble polyurethane resin (D-1) having a solid content concentration of 35% by mass.
- the glass transition temperature of the obtained polyurethane resin (D-1) was -30 ° C.
- a coating liquid for easy adhesion was applied to one surface of this unstretched PET film so that the coating amount after drying was 0.08 g / m 2 , and then introduced into a drier and heated at 80 ° C. It was dried for 20 seconds.
- the unstretched film on which this coating layer was formed was guided to a tenter stretching machine, guided to a hot air zone at a temperature of 125 ° C while gripping the end portion of the film with a clip, and stretched 4.0 times in the width direction.
- heat setting treatment was performed at a temperature of 210 ° C. for 10 seconds, and further relaxation treatment of 3.0% was performed.
- both ends of the cooled film were cut and wound with a tension of 0.4 kg / mm 2 to obtain a uniaxially oriented PET film (width 1800 cm, orientation film 1 for transfer) having a film thickness of 50 ⁇ m.
- the center portion of the obtained film was slit into a width of 50 cm to obtain a film roll (slit film 1-c) having a length of about 500 m.
- a 50 cm width on the right side was slit from the center of the obtained film to give a film roll (1-r1) having a length of about 500 m.
- the right end portion of the obtained film was slit at a width of 50 cm to form a film roll (1-r2) having a length of about 500 m.
- a width of 50 cm was slit from the center of the obtained film to a film roll (2-r1) having a length of about 500 m.
- the width of the center of the right half of the obtained film was 50 cm, and a film roll (2-r2) having a length of about 500 m was slit.
- the right end portion of the obtained film was slit at a width of 50 cm to form a film roll (2-r3) having a length of about 500 m.
- Oxazoline group amount 7.7 mmol / g 30 mass% ⁇
- the surface of the oligomer block coat layer containing no silica particles was used as the release surface.
- Alignment film roll 13-c for transfer was obtained in the same manner as alignment film roll 11-c for transfer, except that PET (X-s) was used instead of PET (X-m). The central part was slit. The surface of the oligomer block coat layer was used as the release surface.
- Table 1 shows the respective production conditions and characteristics of the above-mentioned oriented film roll for transfer.
- Experimental example 1A (Rubbing Treatment Alignment Control Layer Formation) Unwind the orientation film roll 1-c for transfer, cut it out to a length of 30 cm, apply the rubbing treatment orientation control layer coating composition having the following composition to the surface of the non-easy adhesive coat using a bar coater, and dry at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes. Then, a film having a thickness of 200 nm was formed. Subsequently, the surface of the obtained film was treated with a rubbing roll wound with a nylon raised fabric to obtain a transfer orientation film in which a rubbing orientation control layer was laminated. The rubbing was performed at 45 degrees with respect to the short side of the cut out rectangle. Completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol (weight average molecular weight 800) 2 parts by mass Ion-exchanged water 100 parts by mass Surfactant 0.5 parts by mass
- a solution for forming a retardation layer (liquid crystal compound alignment layer) having the following composition was applied to the surface subjected to the rubbing treatment by a bar coating method. After drying at 110 ° C. for 3 minutes and curing by irradiating with ultraviolet rays, a ⁇ / 4 layer as a retardation layer (liquid crystal compound alignment layer) is formed on the transfer alignment film 1-c, and the liquid crystal compound alignment layer is transferred.
- a solution for forming a retardation layer liquid crystal compound alignment layer having the following composition was applied to the surface subjected to the rubbing treatment by a bar coating method. After drying at 110 ° C. for 3 minutes and curing by irradiating with ultraviolet rays, a ⁇ / 4 layer as a retardation layer (liquid crystal compound alignment layer) is formed on the transfer alignment film 1-c, and the liquid crystal compound alignment layer is transferred.
- a ⁇ / 4 layer as a retardation layer
- Rod-shaped liquid crystal compound (LC242 manufactured by BASF) 75 parts by mass The following compound 20 parts by mass Trimethylolpropane triacrylate 5 parts by weight Irgacure 379 3 parts by weight Surfactant 0.1 parts by weight Methyl ethyl ketone 250 parts by weight
- Experimental Examples 2A, 3A, 6A to 21A, Experimental Example 2B Liquid crystal compound alignment layer transfer laminates of Experimental Examples 2A, 3A, 6A to 21A and Experimental Example 2B were produced in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1A except that the type of the transfer orientation film was changed as shown in Table 2. .
- Experimental Examples 4A, 5A, Experimental Example 1B The transfer oriented film roll 1-r2 is cut into a length of about 30 cm, and the cut film has a large area such that the orientation axis of the film and the direction of the long side form 6 degrees, 9 degrees, and 15 degrees. Shaped into a rectangle.
- the laminates for transferring the liquid crystal compound alignment layer of Experimental Examples 4A, 5A and Experimental Example 1B were produced in the same manner as in Experimental Example 3A except that this film was used.
- Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the liquid crystal compound alignment layer transfer laminates of Experimental Examples 1A to 21A, 1B and 2B.
- the numerical value of the item of “angle between MD or TD and the orientation direction (maximum position degree)” in Experimental Examples 4A and 5A and Experimental Example 1B in Table 2 is the angle between the long side of the rectangular sample and the orientation axis. Show.
- Table 3 shows the effect of the oligomer block coat and the effect of the antistatic layer of the liquid crystal compound alignment layer transfer laminates of Experimental Examples 17A to 21A as compared with Experimental Example 1A.
- Table 4 shows the surface roughness of the film of Experimental Example 1A as a representative. In the evaluation of the retardation layer, defects such as pinholes and scratches were not recognized.
- the obtained laminate was treated with a 4% aqueous boric acid solution for 30 seconds, and then dipped in a mixed aqueous solution of iodine (0.2%) and potassium iodide (1%) for 60 seconds for dyeing. Then, it was treated with a mixed aqueous solution of potassium iodide (3%) and boric acid (3%) for 30 seconds. Further, this laminate was uniaxially stretched in the longitudinal direction in a mixed aqueous solution of boric acid (4%) and potassium iodide (5%) at 72 ° C., followed by washing with a 4% aqueous solution of potassium iodide, and an aqueous solution with an air knife.
- a substrate laminated polarizer having a width of 30 cm and a length of 1000 m.
- the total draw ratio was 6.5 times, and the thickness of the polarizer was 5 ⁇ m.
- the thickness was read by embedding the substrate laminated polarizer in an epoxy resin, cutting out a section, and observing with an optical microscope.
- the base laminated polarizer After bonding the polarizer surface of the above-mentioned base laminated polarizer to a super birefringent polyester film (Cosmoshine (R) SRF thickness 80 ⁇ m manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.), the base laminated polarizer is bonded. The substrate was peeled off. Further, a commercially available optical pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet was laminated on the surface of the polarizer. The release film of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet was peeled off, the liquid crystal compound alignment layer surface of the laminate for transfer of liquid crystal compound alignment layer of Experimental Example 1A and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer were bonded together, and then the alignment film in the laminate of Experimental Example 1A was peeled off. Then, a circularly polarizing plate was obtained.
- a super birefringent polyester film Cosmoshine (R) SRF thickness 80 ⁇ m manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.
- the obtained circularly polarizing plate had a high antireflection function.
- the slow axis of the Cosmoshine (R) SRF and the extinction axis of the polarizer were perpendicular to each other, and the MD direction of the Cosmoshine (R) SRF and the MD direction of the oriented film in the laminate of Experimental Example 1A were I made them parallel.
- the alignment film for transferring the liquid crystal compound alignment layer of the present invention is suitable for the alignment state of the liquid crystal compound alignment layer (retardation layer or polarizing layer) provided thereon in a state in which the liquid crystal compound alignment layer is laminated on the alignment film. Can be evaluated. Further, the liquid crystal compound alignment layer transfer alignment film of the present invention, while using a stretched film such as polyester inexpensive and excellent in mechanical strength, it is possible to transfer the retardation layer and the polarizing layer in the alignment as designed, The problem of light leakage of the display can be prevented. Further, the liquid crystal compound alignment layer transfer alignment film of the present invention, while using a stretched film such as polyester that is inexpensive and excellent in mechanical strength, effectively prevents the rise of haze and the generation of foreign matter during heat treatment of the film.
- a retardation layer laminated polarizing plate such as a circular polarizing plate can be stably manufactured with high quality.
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Abstract
Description
(1)液晶化合物配向層を対象物に転写するための配向フィルムであって、配向フィルムの配向方向と、配向フィルムの流れ方向または流れ方向と直交する方向との間の角度が、フィルムの幅方向において各端部から内側に5cmの地点にある両端部、中央部、及び中央部と両端部の中間にある中間部の5ヶ所で測定した値のうちの最大値で14度以下であることを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用配向フィルム。
(2)配向フィルムの幅方向での配向角の角度差が7度以下であることを特徴とする(1)に記載の液晶化合物配向層転写用配向フィルム。
(3)配向フィルムがポリエステルフィルムであることを特徴とする(1)または(2)に記載の液晶化合物配向層転写用配向フィルム。
(4)液晶化合物配向層と配向フィルムとが積層された積層体であって、配向フィルムが(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の配向フィルムであることを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体。
(5)偏光板と(4)に記載の積層体の液晶化合物配向層面とを貼り合わせて中間積層体を形成する工程、及び中間積層体から配向フィルムを剥離する工程を含むことを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層積層偏光板の製造方法。
(6)(4)に記載の積層体中の液晶化合物配向層の配向状態を検査する方法であって、配向フィルムの配向方向に、または配向方向と直交する方向に、または配向フィルムの流れ方向に、または流れ方向と直交する方向に平行な電場振動方向を有する直線偏光を積層体の配向フィルム面から照射し、液晶化合物配向層面側で受光する工程を含むことを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体の検査方法。
(1)液晶化合物配向層を対象物に転写するための配向フィルムであって、配向フィルムの流れ方向での150℃30分間の熱収縮率と、配向フィルムの流れ方向と直交する方向での150℃30分間の熱収縮率との差が4%以下であることを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用配向フィルム。
(2)配向フィルムの流れ方向に対して45度の方向での150℃30分間の熱収縮率と、配向フィルムの流れ方向に対して135度の方向での150℃30分間の熱収縮率との差が4%以下であることを特徴とする(1)に記載の液晶化合物配向層転写用配向フィルム。
(3)配向フィルムがポリエステルフィルムであることを特徴とする(1)または(2)に記載の液晶化合物配向層転写用配向フィルム。
(4)液晶化合物配向層と配向フィルムとが積層された積層体であって、配向フィルムが(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の配向フィルムであることを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体。
(5)偏光板と(4)に記載の積層体の液晶化合物配向層面とを貼り合わせて中間積層体を形成する工程、及び中間積層体から配向フィルムを剥離する工程を含むことを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層積層偏光板の製造方法。
(6)(4)に記載の積層体中の液晶化合物配向層の配向状態を検査する方法であって、配向フィルムの配向方向に、または配向方向と直交する方向に、または配向フィルムの流れ方向に、または流れ方向と直交する方向に平行な電場振動方向を有する直線偏光を積層体の配向フィルム面から照射し、液晶化合物配向層面側で受光する工程を含むことを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体の検査方法。
(1)液晶化合物配向層を対象物に転写するための配向ポリエステルフィルムであって、150℃で90分加熱した後の配向ポリエステルフィルムの離型面の表面におけるエステル環状三量体の析出量が1.0mg/m2以下であることを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用配向ポリエステルフィルム。
(2)配向ポリエステルフィルムの離型面側層を構成するポリエステル樹脂中のエステル環状三量体の含有量が0.7質量%以下であることを特徴とする(1)に記載の液晶化合物配向層転写用配向ポリエステルフィルム。
(3)配向ポリエステルフィルムの離型面に、エステル環状三量体の析出を防止するコート層が設けられている(1)または(2)に記載の液晶化合物配向層転写用配向ポリエステルフィルム。
(4)液晶化合物配向層と配向ポリエステルフィルムとが積層された積層体であって、配向ポリエステルフィルムが(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の配向ポリエステルフィルムであることを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体。
(5)偏光板と(4)に記載の積層体の液晶化合物配向層面とを貼り合わせて中間積層体を形成する工程、及び中間積層体から配向ポリエステルフィルムを剥離する工程を含むことを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層積層偏光板の製造方法。
(6)(4)に記載の積層体中の液晶化合物配向層の配向状態を検査する方法であって、配向ポリエステルフィルムの配向方向に、または配向方向と直交する方向に、または配向ポリエステルフィルムの流れ方向に、または流れ方向と直交する方向に平行な電場振動方向を有する直線偏光を積層体の配向ポリエステルフィルム面から照射し、液晶化合物配向層面側で受光する工程を含むことを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体の検査方法。
二軸延伸の場合は同時二軸延伸であっても逐次二軸延伸であっても良い。縦方向の延伸は速度差の異なるロール群による延伸が好ましく、横方向の延伸はテンター延伸が好ましい。
まず、フィルムをロールから引き出し、両端部(各端部から内側に5cmの地点)、中央部、及び中央部と両端部の中間にある中間部の5カ所で配向方向を決定した。中央部と両端部の中間にある中間部は、中央部と両端部との間隔を2等分した位置にある。なお、配向方向は、分子配向計を用いて求めたフィルムの遅相軸方向とした。次に、フィルムの全体の配向方向が流れ方向(MD)に近いか、それとも幅方向(TD)に近いかを調べた。そして、フィルムの全体の配向方向が流れ方向に近い場合には、上記5ヶ所のそれぞれにおいて、配向方向とフィルムの流れ方向との間の角度を求め、最も大きい角度となる箇所での値を「配向フィルムの配向方向と、配向フィルムの流れ方向との間の角度」の最大値として採用した。一方、フィルムの全体の配向方向が幅方向に近い場合には、上記5ヶ所のそれぞれにおいて、配向方向とフィルムの流れ方向と直交する方向との間の角度を求め、最も大きい角度となる箇所での値を「配向フィルムの配向方向と、配向フィルムの流れ方向と直交する方向との間の角度」の最大値として採用した。
また、上記5ヶ所で求めた角度のうち、最大値と最小値との間の差を、「フィルムの幅方向での配向角の角度差」とした。
なお、角度は、長手方向または幅方向に対して、前記最大値と同じ側に配向方向がある場合は正の値とし、長手方向又は幅方向に対して反対側に配向方向がある場合は負の値とし、正・負を区別して最小値を評価する。
本発明の転写用配向フィルムの離型面(A層表面)は平滑であることが好ましい。
・フィルム原反の離型面側層(表層)が粒子を含まないものとする。
・フィルム原反の離型面側層(表層)が粒子を含む場合は粒径の小さな粒子とする。
・フィルム原反の離型面側層(表層)が粒子を含む場合は平坦化コートを設ける。
・重合時の粒子スラリーにフィルターをかける。チップ化前にフィルターをかける。
・チップ化冷却水をクリーンなものにする。チップ搬送、製膜機投入までの環境をクリーンにする。
・製膜時、溶融樹脂にフィルターをかけ、凝集粒子や異物を除去する。
・コート剤にフィルターをかけ、異物を除去する。
・製膜、コート、乾燥時にクリーン環境下で行う。
また、本発明の転写用配向フィルムの離型面を平滑にしても液晶化合物配向層に欠点が生じる場合があるが、これは、転写用配向フィルムはロール状に巻き取られており、表面と裏面が接しているため、裏面の粗さが表面に転写する(離型層に裏面の凸部が転写して凹部が形成される)ためであることがわかった。液晶化合物配向層を設けた転写用配向フィルムは、液晶化合物配向層を保護するため、マスキングフィルムを貼り合わせて巻き取られる場合もあるが、コスト低減のため、そのまま巻き取られることも多い。このように配向層を設けた状態で巻き取った場合は配向層が裏面の凸部により、凹む、穴が空く、配向層の配向が乱れるといった現象が起こっていると考えられる。また、液晶化合物配向層を設けた後では、裏面の凸部により、液晶化合物配向層に穴が空く、配向が乱れるといった現象が起こっていると考えられる。特に巻芯部では圧力が高くこれらの現象が起こりやすい。以上の知見から、上記の欠点は離型面の反対面表面(裏面)を特定の粗さにすることにより防止することができることがわかった。
・フィルム原反の裏面側層(裏面層)を特定の粒子を含むものにする。
・フィルム原反の中間層に粒子を含むものを用い、裏面層側(裏面層)に粒子を含まないものとして厚みを薄くする。
・フィルム原反の裏面側層(裏面層)の粗さが大きい場合は平坦化コートを設ける。
・フィルム原反の裏面側層(裏面層)が粒子を含まない場合や粗さが小さい場合は易滑コート(粒子含有コート)を設ける。
以下、本発明の転写用配向フィルムが延伸フィルムである場合の転写用配向フィルムの製造方法について説明する。
MD延伸を行う場合、MD倍率の下限は1.5倍であることが好ましい。上限は好ましくは6倍であり、より好ましくは5.5倍、さらに好ましくは5倍である。また、TD延伸を行う場合、TD倍率の下限は1.5倍であることが好ましい。TD倍率の上限は好ましくは6倍であり、より好ましくは5.5倍であり、さらに好ましくは5倍である。
次に、本発明の液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体について説明する。
本発明の液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体は、液晶化合物配向層と本発明の転写用配向フィルムが積層された構造を有する。液晶化合物配向層は転写用配向フィルム上に塗工し配向させる必要がある。配向させる方法としては、液晶化合物配向層の下層(離型面)にラビング処理等を行い配向制御機能を付与する方法や、液晶化合物を塗布後に偏光紫外線等を照射して直接液晶化合物を配向させる方法がある。
また、転写用配向フィルムに配向制御層を設け、この配向制御層上に液晶化合物配向層を設ける方法も好ましい。なお、本発明において、液晶化合物配向層単独ではなく配向制御層と液晶化合物配向層を合わせた総称としても液晶化合物配向層と呼ぶことがある。配向制御層としては、液晶化合物配向層を所望の配向状態にすることができるものであれば、どのような配向制御層でもよいが、樹脂の塗工膜をラビング処理したラビング処理配向制御層や、偏光の光照射により分子を配向させて配向機能を生じさせる光配向制御層が好適な例として挙げられる。
ラビング処理により形成される配向制御層に用いられるポリマー材料としては、ポリビニルアルコールおよびその誘導体、ポリイミドおよびその誘導体、アクリル樹脂、ポリシロキサン誘導体などが好ましく用いられる。
光配向制御層とは、光反応性基を有するポリマー又はモノマーと溶剤とを含む塗工液を配向フィルムに塗布し、偏光、好ましくは偏光紫外線を照射することによって配向規制力を付与した配向膜のことをいう。光反応性基とは、光照射により液晶配向能を生じる基をいう。具体的には、光を照射することで生じる分子の配向誘起又は異性化反応、二量化反応、光架橋反応、あるいは光分解反応のような、液晶配向能の起源となる光反応を生じるものである。当該光反応性基の中でも、二量化反応又は光架橋反応を起こすものが、配向性に優れ、液晶化合物配向層のスメクチック液晶状態を保持する点で好ましい。以上のような反応を生じうる光反応性基としては、不飽和結合、特に二重結合であると好ましく、C=C結合、C=N結合、N=N結合、C=O結合からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つを有する基が特に好ましい。
液晶化合物配向層は、液晶化合物が配向されたものであれば特に制限はない。具体的な例としては、液晶化合物と二色性色素を含む偏光膜(偏光子)、棒状やディスコティック液晶化合物を含む位相差層が挙げられる。
偏光膜は一方向のみの偏光を通過させる機能を有し、二色性色素を含む。
二色性色素とは、分子の長軸方向における吸光度と、短軸方向における吸光度とが異なる性質を有する色素をいう。
重合性液晶化合物とは、重合性基を有し、かつ、液晶性を示す化合物である。
重合性基とは、重合反応に関与する基を意味し、光重合性基であることが好ましい。ここで、光重合性基とは、後述する光重合開始剤から発生した活性ラジカルや酸などによって重合反応し得る基のことをいう。重合性基としては、ビニル基、ビニルオキシ基、1-クロロビニル基、イソプロペニル基、4-ビニルフェニル基、アクリロイルオキシ基、メタクリロイルオキシ基、オキシラニル基、オキセタニル基等が挙げられる。中でも、アクリロイルオキシ基、メタクリロイルオキシ基、ビニルオキシ基、オキシラニル基及びオキセタニル基が好ましく、アクリロイルオキシ基がより好ましい。液晶性を示す化合物は、サーモトロピック性液晶でもリオトロピック液晶でもよく、また、サーモトロピック液晶における、ネマチック液晶でもスメクチック液晶でもよい。
位相差層は液晶表示装置の偏光子と液晶セルの間に光学補償のために設けられるものや、円偏光板のλ/4層、λ/2層等が代表的なものとして挙げられる。液晶化合物としては、生や負のAプレート、正や負のCプレート、Oプレートなど、目的に合わせて棒状液晶化合物やディスコティック液晶化合物などを使用することができる。
具体的な化合物としては、
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2)m-O-Ph1-COO-Ph2-OCO-Ph1-O-(CH2)n-OCO-CH=CH2
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2)m-O-Ph1-COO-NPh-OCO-Ph1-O-(CH2)n-OCO-CH=CH2
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2)m-O-Ph1-COO-Ph2-OCH3
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2)m-O-Ph1-COO-Ph1-Ph1-CH2CH(CH3)C2H5
式中、m、nは2~6の整数であり、
Ph1、Ph2は1,4-フェニル基(Ph2は2位がメチル基であっても良い)であり、
NPhは2,6-ナフチル基である
が挙げられる。
これらの棒状液晶化合物は、BASF社製からLC242等として市販されており、それらを利用することができる。
中でもディスコティック化合物としては、下記一般式(1)で表されるトリフェニレン環を有する化合物が好ましく用いられる。
式中、R1~R6はそれぞれ独立して水素、ハロゲン、アルキル基、又は-O-Xで示される基(ここで、Xは、Xはアルキル基、アシル基、アルコキシベンジル基、エポキシ変性アルコキシベンジル基、アクリロイルオキシ変性アルコキシベンジル基、アクリロイルオキシ変性アルキル基である)である。R1~R6は、下記一般式(2)で表されるアクリロイルオキシ変性アルコキシベンジル基(ここで、mは4~10)であることが好ましい。
次に、本発明の液晶化合物配向層積層偏光板の製造方法について説明する。
本発明の液晶化合物配向層積層偏光板の製造方法は、偏光板と本発明の液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体の液晶化合物配向層面とを貼り合わせて中間積層体を形成する工程、及び中間積層体から配向フィルムを剥離する工程を含む。
以下、液晶化合物配向層が円偏光板に用いられる液晶化合物配向層である場合を例として説明する。円偏光板の場合、位相差層(転写用積層体中では、液晶化合物配向層と称される)としてはλ/4層が用いられる。λ/4層の正面レタデーションは100~180nmが好ましい。さらに好ましくは120~150nmである。円偏光板としてλ/4層のみを用いる場合、λ/4層の配向軸(遅相軸)と偏光子の透過軸は35~55度が好ましく、より好ましくは40度~50度、さらに好ましくは42~48度である。ポリビニルアルコールの延伸フィルムの偏光子と組み合わせて用いる場合には、偏光子の吸収軸が長尺偏光子フィルムの長さ方向となることが一般的であるため、長尺の転写用配向フィルムにλ/4層を設ける場合は長尺の転写用配向フィルムの長さ方向に対して上記範囲となるように液晶化合物を配向させることが好ましい。なお、偏光子の透過軸の角度が上記と異なる場合は偏光子の透過軸の角度を加味して上記関係になるよう液晶化合物を配向させる。
λ/4層単独では可視光領域の広い範囲に渡ってλ/4とならずに着色が生じることがある。そのため、λ/4層がλ/2層と組み合わせて用いられる場合がある。λ/2層の正面レタデーションは200~360nmが好ましい。さらに好ましくは240~300nmである。
・偏光子上に転写によりλ/2層を設け、さらにその上にλ/4層を転写により設ける。
・転写用配向フィルム上にλ/4層とλ/2層をこの順に設け、これを偏光子上に転写する。
・転写用配向フィルム上にλ/4層とλ/2層と偏光層をこの順に設け、これを対象物に転写する。
・転写用配向フィルム上にλ/2層と偏光層をこの順に設け、これを対象物に転写し、さらにこの上にλ/4層を転写する。
などの様々な方法を採用することができる。
次に、本発明の液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体の検査方法について説明する。
本発明の液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体の検査方法は、配向フィルムの配向方向に、または配向方向と直交する方向に、または配向フィルムの流れ方向に、または流れ方向と直交する方向に平行な電場振動方向を有する直線偏光を積層体の配向フィルム面から照射し、液晶化合物配向層面側で受光する工程、及び受光した光の消光状態の有無を検査する工程を含む。このように、本発明では、液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体は、液晶化合物配向層が位相差層であっても転写用配向フィルムに積層した状態でその光学特性を検査できる。
液晶化合物配向層が偏光層の場合は自然光(非偏光光)を照射し、透過する光を偏光フィルターを介して受光することで偏光層を検査することができる。また、偏光フィルターを介して直線偏光とした光を転写用積層体に照射してその透過光を受光することで検査することができる。これらの場合、偏光フィルターは転写用配向フィルムに設けられた偏光層が設計通りになっている場合に消光する角度に設定する。
まず、フィルムをロールから引き出し、両端部(各端部から内側に5cmの地点)、中央部、及び中央部と両端部の中間にある中間部の5カ所で配向方向を決定した。中央部と両端部の中間にある中間部は、中央部と両端部との間隔を2等分した位置にある。なお、配向方向は、分子配向計(王子計測器株式会社製、MOA-6004型分子配向計)を用いて求めたフィルムの遅相軸方向とした。次に、フィルムの全体の配向方向が流れ方向(MD)に近いか、それとも幅方向(TD)に近いかを調べた。そして、フィルムの全体の配向方向が流れ方向に近い場合には、上記5ヶ所のそれぞれにおいて、配向方向とフィルムの流れ方向との間の角度を求め、最も大きい角度となる箇所での値を「配向フィルムの配向方向と、配向フィルムの流れ方向との間の角度」の最大値として採用した。一方、フィルムの全体の配向方向が幅方向に近い場合には、上記5ヶ所のそれぞれにおいて、配向方向とフィルムの流れ方向と直交する方向との間の角度を求め、最も大きい角度となる箇所での値を「配向フィルムの配向方向と、配向フィルムの流れ方向と直交する方向との間の角度」の最大値として採用した。
また、上記5ヶ所で求めた角度のうち、最大値と最小値との間の差を、「フィルムの幅方向での配向角の角度差」とした。
なお、角度は、長手方向または幅方向に対して、前記最大値と同じ側に配向方向がある場合は正の値とし、長手方向又は幅方向に対して反対側に配向方向がある場合は負の値とし、正・負を区別して最小値を評価する。
上記(1)で求めた遅相軸方向が長辺と平行になるように、4cm×2cmの長方形を切り出し、測定用サンプルとした。このサンプルについて、直交する二軸の屈折率(遅相軸方向の屈折率:nx、進相軸方向(遅相軸方向と直交する方向)の屈折率:ny)、及び厚さ方向の屈折率(nz)をアッベ屈折率計(アタゴ社製、NAR-4T、測定波長589nm)によって求めた。
JIS C 2318-1997 5.3.4(寸法変化)に準拠して測定した。具体的には、測定すべき方向(MD方向、TD方向、MD方向に対して45度の方向、MD方向に対して135度の方向)に、フィルムを幅10mm、長さ250mmに切り取り、このサンプルに200mm間隔で二つの印を付け、5gfの一定張力下で、二つの印の間の間隔(A)を測定した。次いで、フィルムを150℃の雰囲気中のオーブンに入れ、無荷重下で150±3℃で30分間加熱処理した後、5gfの一定張力下で、二つの印の間の間隔(B)を測定した。以下の式より熱収縮率を求めた。
熱収縮率(%)=(A-B)/A×100
スリットロールの各切り出し部から切り出された転写用配向フィルムを一辺21cmの正方形状に切り出し、23℃、65%RHの雰囲気で2時間以上放置した。このフィルムの中央を中心とする直径80mmの円を描き、二次元画像測定機(MITUTOYO製QUICK IMAGE)を使用して、フィルムの流れ方向を0度として1度間隔で直径を測定した。ここで、フイルム流れ方向を0度として、フィルム上面において時計回り(右回り)を正の角度、反時計回り(左回り)を負の角度と設定した。直径を測定したため、-90度~89度の範囲の測定で、全方向について測定された。次いで、このフィルムを95℃で30分間、温湯中で加熱処理した後、23℃、65%RHの雰囲気中で2時間以上放置した。その後、上記と同様に円の直径を1度間隔で測定した。熱処理前の直径をLo、熱処理後の同方向の直径をLとし、下記の式に従って、各方向の熱収縮率を求め、全方向での熱収縮率のうち最大となる値を最大熱収縮率とした。また、最大熱収縮率を有する方向と、MDまたはTDとの角度(値が小さくなる方)を求めた。
熱収縮率(%)=((L0-L)/L0)×100
分光光度計(日立製作所製、U-3500型)を用い、空気層を標準として転写用配向フィルムの波長300~500nm領域の光線透過率を測定し、波長380nmにおける光線透過率を求めた。
樹脂試料0.2gをフェノール/1,1,2,2-テトラクロルエタン(60/40(重量比))の混合溶媒50ml中に溶解し、30℃でオストワルド粘度計を用いて測定した。なお、表面層Aの試料は、A層単独で押出したフィルムサンプルを作製し、それを試料とした。
黄色蛍光体を用いた白色LEDを光源とする面発光光源の上に下側偏光板を置き、その上に、転写用配向フィルム上に位相差層(液晶化合物配向層)を設けたサンプル積層体を、偏光板の消光軸方向(吸収軸方向)がサンプル積層体の長辺方向と平行になるように置いた。さらにその上に、環状ポリオレフィンの延伸フィルムからなるλ/4フィルムを、配向主軸が下側偏光板の消光軸と45度の方向になるように置き、その上に上側偏光板を、上側偏光板の消光軸が下側偏光板の消光軸と平行になるように置いた。この状態で消光状態を観察した。具体的には、サンプル積層体のうち、最も明るい部分の消光状態を以下の基準で評価した。なお、サンプル積層体とλ/4フィルムを除き、下側偏光板と上側偏光板をクロスニコルの状態にした消光状態を消光状態とした。
◎:明るく感じるところはなく全体が消光状態であった。
○:消光状態よりもわずかな透過光が認められた。
△:透過光が認められたが位相差状態を評価することは可能であった。
×:透過光が多く、位相差状態を評価することは困難であった。
上記(8)と同じ状態で、サンプル積層体内の消光状態の均一性を以下の基準で評価した。なお、サンプル積層体とλ/4フィルムを除き、下側偏光板と上側偏光板をクロスニコルの状態にした消光状態を消光状態とした。
◎:サンプル積層体全域でほぼ同じ明るさであった。
○:わずかに明るさの違いがあった。
△:小さな明るさの違いがあった。
×:明るさの違いが大きかった。
サンプル積層体をオーブン中で120℃20分間加熱処理し、室温に冷却したサンプル積層体の位相差層面側に市販の光学用粘着シートを貼り合わせ、さらに粘着シートをガラス板に貼り付けた後、配向フィルムを剥離し、ガラス板上に位相差層を転写した。ガラス板に位相差層を積層した状態で、クロスニコルに配置した偏光板の間にガラス板/位相差層積層体を配置し、消光する方向を求めた。消光する方向と配向フィルムの長辺方向との角度差を求め、この角度差と45度との差を加熱配向方向ずれとし、5回行った値の平均値を算出し、以下の基準で評価した。
◎:1度以内であった。
○:1度超、2度以下であった。
△:2度超、3度以下であった。
×:3度を超えた。
ポリエステルフィルムの離型面側層を構成するポリエステル樹脂をカッターナイフで削り取り、細かく冷凍粉砕した。この粉砕した樹脂0.1gをヘキサフルオロイソプロパノールール(HFIP)/クロロホルム(2/3(容量比))の混合溶媒3mlに溶解した。得られた溶液にクロロホルム20mlを加えて均一に混合した。得られた混合液にメタノール10mlを加え、線状ポリエステルを再沈殿させた。次いで、この混合液を濾過し、沈殿物をクロロホルム/メタノール(2/1(容量比))の混合溶媒30mlで洗浄し、さらに濾過した。得られた濾液をロータリーエバポレーターで濃縮乾固した。濃縮乾固物にジメチルホルムアミド10mlを加え、エステル環状三量体測定溶液とし、液体クロマトグラフィーによりエステル環状三量体の含有量を求めた。
(測定条件)
装置:L-7000(日立製作所製)
カラム:μ-Bondasphere C18 5μ 100オングストローム 3.9mm×15cm(Waters製)
溶媒:溶離液A:2%酢酸/水(v/v)
溶離液B:アセトニトリル
グラジエントB%:10→100%(0→55分)
流速:0.8ml/分
温度:30℃
検出器:UV-258nm
ポリエステルフィルムを15cm×15cmにカットし、オーブン中で150℃で90分間加熱した。その後、熱処理をしたフィルムを15cm×15cmのステンレス板上に離型面を上にして置き、その上に中央部に10cm×10cmの穴を空けた15cm×15cmのシリコーンシート(厚さ5mm)を載せ、さらにシリコーンシートと同形状(厚み2mm)のステンレス板を重ね、周辺部をクリップで留めた。次いで、中央の穴の中にDMF(ジメチルスルホアミド)4mlを入れて3分間放置した後、DMFを回収した。回収したDMF中のエステル環状三量体の量を液体クロマトグラフィーによって求めた。この値を、DMFを接触させたフィルム面積で割って、フィルムの離型面の表面におけるエステル環状三量体の析出量(mg/m2)とした。
(測定条件)
装置:ACQUITY UPLC(Waters製)
カラム:BEH-C18 2.1×150mm(Waters製)
移動相:溶離液A:0.1%ギ酸(v/v)
溶離液B:アセトニトリル
グラジエントB%:10→98→98%(0→25→30分)
流速:0.2ml/分
カラム温度:40℃
検出器:UV-258nm
フィルムを50mm×75mm角に切り出し、JIS K 7105「プラスチックの光学的特性試験方法」ヘーズ(曇価)に準拠して、熱処理する前の初期のヘイズ(加熱前ヘイズ)を測定した。測定器には、日本電色工業社製NDH-300A型濁度計を用いた。加熱後ヘイズを測定するために、試料フィルム片の加熱処理前にヘイズ評価しなかった方の面(裏面)に保護フィルム(藤森工業製PC-T073)を気泡が入らないようにローラーを用いて密着させる。保護フィルムを貼り付けた状態でフィルムを150℃に加熱したオーブン内にセットし、90分間経過後フィルムを取り出す。その後保護フィルムを剥離し、フィルムを上記と同様の方法でヘイズを測定し、加熱後ヘイズを得る。この加熱前後のヘイズ差を、△ヘイズとする。
Δヘイズ(%)=(加熱後ヘイズ)-(加熱前ヘイズ)
JIS K 6911に基づいて、表面固有抵抗測定器(タケダ理研(株)社製)を用い、23℃、40%RHの雰囲気下、印加電圧500Vにて、表面固有抵抗値(Ω)を測定した。
転写用配向フィルムの非塗工面、またはオリゴマーブロックコート面にグラビアコーターで位相差層形成用溶液を塗布・乾燥させた。その後で、転写用配向フィルムの巻き芯付近(開始から450m付近)での膜質の状態を観察し、以下の基準で評価した。
○:均一な塗膜であった。
×:静電気によると思われるハジキが認められた。
触針式三次元粗さ計(SE-3AK、株式会社小阪研究所社製)を用いて、針の半径2μm、荷重30mgの条件下に、フィルムの長手方向にカットオフ値0.25mmで、測定長1mmにわたり、針の送り速度0.1mm/秒で測定し、2μmピッチで500点に分割し、各点の高さを三次元粗さ解析装置(SPA-11)に取り込ませた。これと同様の操作をフィルムの幅方向について2μm間隔で連続的に150回、すなわちフィルムの幅方向0.3mmにわたって行い、解析装置にデータを取り込ませた。次に解析装置を用いて中心面平均粗さ(SRa)、十点平均粗さ(SRz)、最大高さ(SRy)を求めた。
フィルム長手方向に幅100mm、長さ100mmの試験片を切り出し、これを2枚の偏光板の間に鋏込んでクロスニコル状態とし、消光位が保たれる状態にセットした。この状態でニコン万能投影機V-12(測定条件:投影レンズ50倍、透過照明光束切替えノブ50倍、透過光検査)を用いて、光が透過し、光り輝くように見える部分(キズ、異物)の長径が50μm以上あるものを検出した。このように検出された部分を、試験片から適当な大きさに切り取り、3次元形状測定装置(菱化システム社製、マイクロマップTYPE550;測定条件:波長550nm、WAVEモード、対物レンズ10倍)を用い、フィルム面に対して垂直方向から観察し、測定した。このとき、フィルム面に対して垂直方向から観察したときに50μm以内に近接する凹凸は、同一のキズ、異物としてこれらを覆う長方形を想定し、この長方形の長さ及び幅をキズ、異物の長さ及び幅とした。このキズ、異物に関して、断面映像(SURFACE PROFILE DISPLAY)を用いて、欠点数を定量した。なお、測定は20枚の試験片について行い、1m2当たりの欠点数に換算した。離型面では高低差(最も高いところと低いところの差)が0.5μm以上のものの欠点数を、裏面は高低差2.0μm以上のものの欠点数を数えた。
(ポリエステル樹脂(PET(X-m))の製造)
エステル化反応缶を昇温し200℃に到達した時点で、テレフタル酸を86.4質量部及びエチレングリコール64.6質量部を仕込み、撹拌しながら触媒として三酸化アンチモンを0.017質量部、酢酸マグネシウム4水和物を0.064質量部、トリエチルアミン0.16質量部を仕込んだ。ついで、加圧昇温を行い、ゲージ圧0.34MPa、240℃の条件で加圧エステル化反応を行った後、エステル化反応缶を常圧に戻し、リン酸0.014質量部を添加した。さらに、15分かけて260℃に昇温し、リン酸トリメチル0.012質量部を添加した。次いで15分後に、高圧分散機で分散処理を行い、15分後、得られたエステル化反応生成物を重縮合反応缶に移送し、280℃で減圧下重縮合反応を行った。
乾燥させた紫外線吸収剤(2,2’-(1,4-フェニレン)ビス(4H-3,1-ベンズオキサジノン-4-オン)10質量部と、PET(X-m)(固有粘度が0.62dl/g)90質量部を混合し、混練押出機を用い、紫外線吸収剤を含有するポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂(PET(Y))を得た。
ポリエステル樹脂(PET(X-m))を減圧下160℃にて乾燥し、次いで、含水量が15.3g/Nm3に調湿された窒素ガスを粗製ポリエステル1kg当たり、毎時300リットルで流通し、230℃で12時間加熱処理を行った。得られたポリエステルの固有粘度は0.617dl/gであり、環状三量体の含有量は0.29質量%であった。
(ポリウレタン樹脂D-1の製造)
脂肪族系ポリカーボネートポリオールを構成成分とするポリウレタン樹脂D-1を次の手順で製造した。撹拌機、ジムロート冷却器、窒素導入管、シリカゲル乾燥管、及び温度計を備えた4つ口フラスコに、4,4-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート43.75質量部、ジメチロールブタン酸12.85質量部、数平均分子量2000のポリヘキサメチレンカーボネートジオール153.41質量部、ジブチルスズジラウレート0.03質量部、及び溶剤としてアセトン84.00質量部を投入し、窒素雰囲気下、75℃において3時間撹拌し、反応液が所定のアミン当量に達したことを確認した。次に、この反応液を40℃にまで降温した後、トリエチルアミン8.77質量部を添加し、ポリウレタンプレポリマー溶液を得た。次に、高速攪拌可能なホモディスパーを備えた反応容器に、水450gを添加して、25℃に調整して、2000min-1で攪拌混合しながら、ポリウレタンプレポリマー溶液を添加して水分散した。その後、減圧下で、アセトンおよび水の一部を除去することにより、固形分濃度35質量%の水溶性ポリウレタン樹脂(D-1)を調製した。得られたポリウレタン樹脂(D-1)のガラス転移点温度は-30℃であった。
温度計、窒素ガス導入管、還流冷却器、滴下ロート、および攪拌機を備えたフラスコに水性媒体としてのイオン交換水58質量部とイソプロパノール58質量部との混合物、および、重合開始剤(2,2’-アゾビス(2-アミジノプロパン)・二塩酸塩)4質量部を投入した。一方、滴下ロートに、オキサゾリン基を有する重合性不飽和単量体としての2-イソプロペニル-2-オキサゾリン16質量部、メトキシポリエチレングリコールアクリレート(エチレングリコールの平均付加モル数・9モル、新中村化学製)32質量部、およびメタクリル酸メチル32質量部の混合物を投入し、窒素雰囲気下、70℃において1時間にわたり滴下した。滴下終了後、反応溶液を9時間攪拌し、冷却することで固形分濃度40質量%のオキサゾリン基を有する水溶性樹脂(E-1)を得た。
下記の塗剤を混合して易接着層用塗布液を作成した。
水 55.62質量%
イソプロパノール 30.00質量%
ポリウレタン樹脂(D-1) 11.29質量%
オキサゾリン系架橋剤(E-1) 2.26質量%
粒子 0.71質量%
(平均粒径40nmのシリカゾル、固形分濃度40質量%)
粒子 0.07質量%
(平均粒径450nmのシリカゾル、固形分濃度40質量%)
界面活性剤 0.05質量%
(シリコン系、固形分濃度100質量%)
(固形分濃度10質量%)
転写用配向フィルムの中間層用の原料として、PET(X-m)樹脂ペレット90質量部と紫外線吸収剤を含有するPET(Y)樹脂ペレット10質量部を135℃で6時間減圧乾燥(1Torr)した後、押出機2(中間層II層用)に供給した。また、転写用配向フィルムの外層用の原料として、PET(X-m)を常法により乾燥して押出機1(外層(I層、III層)用)に供給し、285℃で溶解した。この2種のポリマーを、それぞれステンレス焼結体の濾材(公称濾過精度10μm粒子95%カット)で濾過し、2種3層合流ブロックにて積層し、口金よりシート状にして押し出した後、静電印加キャスト法を用いて表面温度30℃のキャスティングドラムに巻きつけて冷却固化し、未延伸フィルムを作った。この時、I層、II層、III層の厚さの比は10:80:10となるように各押出機の吐出量を調整した。
得られたフィルムの中央部を50cm幅にスリットし、長さ約500mのフィルムロール(スリットフィルム1-c)とした。
得られたフィルムの中央部から右側50cm幅をスリットし、長さ約500mのフィルムロール(1-r1)とした。
得られたフィルムの右側端部50cm幅をスリットし、長さ約500mのフィルムロール(1-r2)とした。
転写用配向フィルム1と同様の方法により作製された未延伸フィルム(易接着層塗工済み)を、加熱されたロール群及び赤外線ヒーターを用いて105℃に加熱し、その後周速差のあるロール群で走行方向に3.3倍延伸した後、温度135℃の熱風ゾーンに導き、幅方向に3.5倍延伸し、熱固定温度を225℃とした以外は、転写用配向フィルム1と同様の方法で転写用配向フィルム2を得た。
得られたフィルムの中央部を50cm幅にスリットし、長さ約500mのフィルムロール(2-c)とした。
得られたフィルムの中央部から右側50cm幅をスリットし、長さ約500mのフィルムロール(2-r1)とした。
得られたフィルムの右側半分の中央部50cm幅をスリットし、長さ約500mのフィルムロール(2-r2)とした。
得られたフィルムの右側端部50cm幅をスリットし、長さ約500mのフィルムロール(2-r3)とした。
フィルムロール1-cを巻き出し、130℃の加熱オーブンを通過させて巻き取り、アニール処理を行ない、転写用配向フィルムロール3-cを得た。オーブンの通過時間は20秒間とした。
緩和処理条件を表1に示すように変えた以外は転写用配向フィルム1と同様に行い、転写用配向フィルムロール4-cを得た。中央部分をスリットした。
熱固定温度を表1に示すように変えた以外は転写用配向フィルム1と同様に行い、転写用配向フィルムロール5-cを得た。中央部分をスリットした。
幅方向の延伸倍率を表1に示すように変えた以外は転写用配向フィルム1と同様に行い、転写用配向フィルムロール6-cを得た。中央部分をスリットした。
転写用配向フィルムロール6-cにアニール処理を行ない、転写用配向フィルムロール7-cを得た。
転写用配向フィルム1と同様の方法により作製された未延伸フィルム(易接着層塗工済み)を、加熱されたロール群及び赤外線ヒーターを用いて105℃に加熱し、その後周速差のあるロール群で走行方向に2.0倍延伸した後、温度135℃の熱風ゾーンに導き幅方向に4.0倍延伸し、転写用配向フィルム1と同様の方法で転写用配向フィルムロール8-cを得た。中央部分をスリットした。
熱固定温度を170℃とし、緩和処理をおこなわず、0.6kg/mm2の張力で巻き取った以外は転写用配向フィルム1と同様にし、転写用配向フィルムロール9-cを得た。中央部分をスリットした。
転写用配向フィルム1と同様の方法により作製された未延伸フィルム(易接着層塗工済み)を、加熱されたロール群及び赤外線ヒーターを用いて105℃に加熱し、その後周速差のあるロール群で走行方向に4.0倍延伸した後、乾燥機内で温度225℃、10秒間で処理し、周速差を利用して3.0%の緩和処理を行ない、転写用配向フィルムロール10-cを得た。中央部分をスリットした。
なお、上記転写用配向フィルムロール1~10-cでは、易接着層を塗工していない面(非易接着コート層面)を離型面として用いた。
転写用配向フィルムロール1(1-c)の非易接着コート面にコロナ処理を行い、下記オリゴマーブロックコート剤を塗布し、加熱オーブン中で150℃3分間乾燥させ、転写用配向フィルムロール11-cを得た。塗布層の厚みは150nmであった。
・メラミン架橋アルキル変性アルキド樹脂(日立化成ポリマー社製:テスファイン322:固形分40%) 2.5部
・P-トルエンスルホン酸(日立化成ポリマー社製:ドライヤー900)
0.025部
・トルエン 50部
・メチルエチルケトン 47.2部
なお、オリゴマーブロックコート層面を離型面として用いた。
片面の易接着層用塗布液の代わりに下記の塗剤(オリゴマーブロックコート剤)を用い、他方の面に下記の塗剤でシリカ粒子を含まないものを用いた以外は転写用配向フィルム1と同様に行ない、転写用配向フィルムロール12-cを得た。中央部分をスリットした。
・ヘキサメトキシメチロールメラミン 52質量%
・エポクロス(株式会社日本触媒製)。オキサゾリン基量7.7mmol/g
30質量%
・ポリグリセロールポリグリシジルエーテル 10質量%
・2-アミノ-2-メチルプロパノールハイドロクロライド 3質量%
・シリカ粒子(平均粒径0.07μm) 5質量%
(溶媒:トルエン/MEK=1/1)
なお、シリカ粒子を含まないオリゴマーブロックコート層面を離型面として用いた。
PET(X-m)の代わりにPET(X-s)を用いた以外は転写用配向フィルムロール11-cと同様に行ない、転写用配向フィルムロール13-cを得た。中央部分をスリットした。
なお、オリゴマーブロックコート層面を離型面として用いた。
易接着層用塗布液として下記の塗剤を用いた以外は転写用配向フィルム1と同様に行ない、帯電防止能を有する転写用配向フィルムロール14-cを得た。
水 16.70質量%
イソプロパノール 21.69質量%
ソルビトール 5.00質量%
チオフェン系樹脂 51.02質量%
(スタルク社製Bytron P AG、固形分濃度1.2質量%)
ポリウレタン樹脂(D-1) 3.81質量%
オキサゾリン系架橋剤水溶液(E-1) 1.22質量%
粒子 0.70質量%
(平均粒径40nmのシリカゾル、固形分濃度40質量%)
粒子 0.07質量%
(平均粒径450nmのシリカゾル、固形分濃度40質量%)
界面活性剤 0.05質量%
(シリコン系、固形分濃度100質量%)
(固形分濃度10質量%)
なお、非易接着コート層面を離型面として用いた。
転写用配向フィルムロール1(1-c)の易接着コート面に、ペルトロン C-4402(アンチモンドープ酸化スズ粒子)をMEKで固形分濃度5%にしたものを塗布し、加熱オーブン中で80℃3分間乾燥させ、厚み100nmの帯電防止コート層を設けた。一方、非易接着コート面には、転写用配向フィルム11-cと同様にしてオリゴマーブロックコート層を設け、帯電防止能を有する転写用配向フィルムロール15-cを得た。
なお、オリゴマーブロックコート層面を離型面として用いた。
(ラビング処理配向制御層の形成)
転写用配向フィルムロール1-cを巻き出して、長さ30cmに切り出し、非易接着コート面に下記組成のラビング処理配向制御層用塗料をバーコーターを用いて塗布し、80℃で5分間乾燥し、厚み200nmの膜を形成した。引き続き、得られた膜の表面をナイロン製の起毛布が巻かれたラビングロールで処理し、ラビング処理配向制御層を積層した転写用配向フィルムを得た。ラビングは切り出した長方形の短辺に対して45度になるように行った。
完全ケン化型ポリビニルアルコール(重量平均分子量800) 2質量部
イオン交換水 100質量部
界面活性剤 0.5質量部
棒状液晶化合物(BASF社製のLC242) 75質量部
下記化合物 20質量部
トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート 5質量部
イルガキュア379 3質量部
界面活性剤 0.1質量部
メチルエチルケトン 250質量部
転写用配向フィルムの種類を表2に示すように変えた以外は実験例1Aと同様にして、実験例2A、3A、6A~21A、実験例2Bの液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体を製造した。
転写用配向フィルムロール1-r2を長さ約30cmに切り出し、切り出したフィルムから、フィルムの配向軸と長辺の方向のなす角度が6度、9度、15度となるよう、できるだけ大きな面積の長方形に形を整えた。このフィルムを用いた以外は実験例3Aと同様にして、実験例4A、5A、実験例1Bの液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体を製造した。
(液晶化合物配向層積層偏光板の具体例としての円偏光板の製造)
熱可塑性樹脂基材として極限粘度0.63のポリエチレンテレフタレートを用いて厚さ100μmの未延伸フィルムを作成し、この未延伸フィルムの片面に、重合度2400、ケン化度99.9モル%のポリビニルアルコールの水溶液を塗布および乾燥して、PVA層を形成した。
得られた積層体を、120℃で周速の異なるロール間で長手方向に2倍に延伸して巻き取った。次に、得られた積層体を4%のホウ酸水溶液で30秒間の処理を行った後、ヨウ素(0.2%)とヨウ化カリウム(1%)の混合水溶液で60秒間浸漬し染色し、引き続き、ヨウ化カリウム(3%)とホウ酸(3%)の混合水溶液で30秒間処理した。
さらに、この積層体を72℃のホウ酸(4%)とヨウ化カリウム(5%)混合水溶液中で長手方向に一軸延伸を行い、引き続き、4%ヨウ化カリウム水溶液で洗浄、エアナイフで水溶液を除去した後に80℃のオーブンで乾燥し、両端部をスリットして巻き取り、幅30cm、長さ1000mの基材積層偏光子を得た。合計の延伸倍率は6.5倍で、偏光子の厚みは5μmであった。なお、厚みは基材積層偏光子をエポキシ樹脂に包埋して切片を切り出し、光学顕微鏡で観察して読み取った。
Claims (18)
- 液晶化合物配向層を対象物に転写するための配向フィルムであって、配向フィルムの配向方向と、配向フィルムの流れ方向または流れ方向と直交する方向との間の角度が、フィルムの幅方向において各端部から内側に5cmの地点にある両端部、中央部、及び中央部と両端部の中間にある中間部の5ヶ所で測定した値のうちの最大値で14度以下であることを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用配向フィルム。
- 配向フィルムの幅方向での配向角の角度差が7度以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の液晶化合物配向層転写用配向フィルム。
- 配向フィルムがポリエステルフィルムであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の液晶化合物配向層転写用配向フィルム。
- 液晶化合物配向層と配向フィルムとが積層された積層体であって、配向フィルムが請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の配向フィルムであることを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体。
- 偏光板と請求項4に記載の積層体の液晶化合物配向層面とを貼り合わせて中間積層体を形成する工程、及び中間積層体から配向フィルムを剥離する工程を含むことを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層積層偏光板の製造方法。
- 請求項4に記載の積層体中の液晶化合物配向層の配向状態を検査する方法であって、配向フィルムの配向方向に、または配向方向と直交する方向に、または配向フィルムの流れ方向に、または流れ方向と直交する方向に平行な電場振動方向を有する直線偏光を積層体の配向フィルム面から照射し、液晶化合物配向層面側で受光する工程を含むことを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体の検査方法。
- 液晶化合物配向層を対象物に転写するための配向フィルムであって、配向フィルムの流れ方向での150℃30分間の熱収縮率と、配向フィルムの流れ方向と直交する方向での150℃30分間の熱収縮率との差が4%以下であることを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用配向フィルム。
- 配向フィルムの流れ方向に対して45度の方向での150℃30分間の熱収縮率と、配向フィルムの流れ方向に対して135度の方向での150℃30分間の熱収縮率との差が4%以下であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の液晶化合物配向層転写用配向フィルム。
- 配向フィルムがポリエステルフィルムであることを特徴とする請求項7または8に記載の液晶化合物配向層転写用配向フィルム。
- 液晶化合物配向層と配向フィルムとが積層された積層体であって、配向フィルムが請求項7~9のいずれかに記載の配向フィルムであることを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体。
- 偏光板と請求項10に記載の積層体の液晶化合物配向層面とを貼り合わせて中間積層体を形成する工程、及び中間積層体から配向フィルムを剥離する工程を含むことを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層積層偏光板の製造方法。
- 請求項10に記載の積層体中の液晶化合物配向層の配向状態を検査する方法であって、配向フィルムの配向方向に、または配向方向と直交する方向に、または配向フィルムの流れ方向に、または流れ方向と直交する方向に平行な電場振動方向を有する直線偏光を積層体の配向フィルム面から照射し、液晶化合物配向層面側で受光する工程を含むことを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体の検査方法。
- 液晶化合物配向層を対象物に転写するための配向ポリエステルフィルムであって、150℃で90分加熱した後の配向ポリエステルフィルムの離型面の表面におけるエステル環状三量体の析出量が1.0mg/m2以下であることを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用配向ポリエステルフィルム。
- 配向ポリエステルフィルムの離型面側層を構成するポリエステル樹脂中のエステル環状三量体の含有量が0.7質量%以下であることを特徴とする請求項13に記載の液晶化合物配向層転写用配向ポリエステルフィルム。
- 配向ポリエステルフィルムの離型面に、エステル環状三量体の析出を防止するコート層が設けられている請求項13または14に記載の液晶化合物配向層転写用配向ポリエステルフィルム。
- 液晶化合物配向層と配向ポリエステルフィルムとが積層された積層体であって、配向ポリエステルフィルムが請求項13~15のいずれかに記載の配向ポリエステルフィルムであることを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体。
- 偏光板と請求項16に記載の積層体の液晶化合物配向層面とを貼り合わせて中間積層体を形成する工程、及び中間積層体から配向ポリエステルフィルムを剥離する工程を含むことを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層積層偏光板の製造方法。
- 請求項16に記載の積層体中の液晶化合物配向層の配向状態を検査する方法であって、配向ポリエステルフィルムの配向方向に、または配向方向と直交する方向に、または配向ポリエステルフィルムの流れ方向に、または流れ方向と直交する方向に平行な電場振動方向を有する直線偏光を積層体の配向ポリエステルフィルム面から照射し、液晶化合物配向層面側で受光する工程を含むことを特徴とする液晶化合物配向層転写用積層体の検査方法。
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