WO2017111173A1 - 積層体 - Google Patents
積層体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017111173A1 WO2017111173A1 PCT/JP2016/088764 JP2016088764W WO2017111173A1 WO 2017111173 A1 WO2017111173 A1 WO 2017111173A1 JP 2016088764 W JP2016088764 W JP 2016088764W WO 2017111173 A1 WO2017111173 A1 WO 2017111173A1
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- layer
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- electrode layer
- oxide semiconductor
- metal oxide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/43—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/47—Schottky barrier electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/34—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies not provided for in groups H01L21/0405, H01L21/0445, H01L21/06, H01L21/16 and H01L21/18 with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/44—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/38 - H01L21/428
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/24—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only semiconductor materials not provided for in groups H01L29/16, H01L29/18, H01L29/20, H01L29/22
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/24—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only semiconductor materials not provided for in groups H01L29/16, H01L29/18, H01L29/20, H01L29/22
- H01L29/247—Amorphous materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/86—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched
- H01L29/861—Diodes
- H01L29/868—PIN diodes
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/86—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched
- H01L29/861—Diodes
- H01L29/872—Schottky diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
- H01L29/0603—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions
- H01L29/0607—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration
- H01L29/0611—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices
- H01L29/0615—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices by the doping profile or the shape or the arrangement of the PN junction, or with supplementary regions, e.g. junction termination extension [JTE]
- H01L29/0619—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices by the doping profile or the shape or the arrangement of the PN junction, or with supplementary regions, e.g. junction termination extension [JTE] with a supplementary region doped oppositely to or in rectifying contact with the semiconductor containing or contacting region, e.g. guard rings with PN or Schottky junction
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
- H01L29/0603—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions
- H01L29/0642—Isolation within the component, i.e. internal isolation
- H01L29/0649—Dielectric regions, e.g. SiO2 regions, air gaps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
- H01L29/66083—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched, e.g. two-terminal devices
- H01L29/6609—Diodes
- H01L29/66143—Schottky diodes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laminated body, a semiconductor element, a Schottky barrier diode, a junction transistor, an electronic circuit, an electric device, an electronic device, a vehicle, and a power engine.
- a Schottky barrier diode is a diode having a rectifying action by using a potential barrier formed at a junction surface between a Schottky metal and a semiconductor having a sufficiently high carrier concentration.
- the work function of a metal is ⁇ m and the work function of an n-type semiconductor is ⁇ s (where the work function of a semiconductor is defined as the difference between a vacuum level and a Fermi level)
- a potential barrier is formed at the metal-semiconductor interface.
- the metal side is a positive electrode and the semiconductor side is a negative diode.
- the potential barrier is lowered, and electrons flow through the barrier and current flows.
- reverse bias electrons are blocked by the potential barrier and current is blocked.
- Si is the most common semiconductor used.
- Si-based Schottky diodes are used for high-speed switching elements, transmission / reception mixers in the several GHz frequency band, frequency conversion elements, and the like. Although generally used for power applications, the band gap is as small as 1.1 eV, and the dielectric breakdown electric field is as small as 0.3 MV / cm. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the element in order to achieve a large withstand voltage. There is a drawback that the ON resistance in the forward direction is increased. In addition, the Si-based Schottky barrier diode excellent in high-speed response has insufficient voltage resistance.
- SiC has a large band gap of 3 eV or more and a dielectric breakdown electric field of 3 MV / cm, which is suitable for power use.
- ⁇ -Ga 2 O 3 has a wider band gap (4.8 eV to 4.9 eV) and is expected to have a high withstand voltage.
- there are still problems in manufacturing a high-quality substrate and there are problems in mass productivity and cost. is there.
- Oxide semiconductors have a wider bandgap than Si and have a high dielectric breakdown electric field, so application to power semiconductors is expected.
- a Schottky barrier diode using an oxide semiconductor is expected to have high-speed response and good reverse recovery characteristics.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a Schottky barrier diode using amorphous IGZO as an oxide semiconductor and using a Ti / Pd stacked structure as a Schottky metal electrode. Further, according to the present technology, a good Schottky barrier is formed by oxygen plasma treatment of Pd. However, this technology is a diode that takes out a current in the lateral direction, and it is difficult to take out a large current due to the resistance of the take-out electrode. Further, the electrode located at the lower end of the oxide semiconductor layer serves as a Schottky electrode, and the conduction direction is upside down from a general Schottky barrier diode using Si or SiC.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a Schottky barrier diode using a Ga 2 O 3 system as an oxide semiconductor layer and sandwiched between an ohmic electrode layer and a Schottky electrode layer.
- a Ga 2 O 3 -based oxide semiconductor layer is formed on a silicon substrate, for example, the forward ON resistance increases, and when this is incorporated into an electronic circuit in which a Schottky barrier diode is used, The power loss at the time of output becomes larger than the power.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for realizing a diode having a low reverse saturation current by electrically connecting a gate electrode and a source or drain electrode of an FET using an oxide semiconductor.
- the element configuration becomes complicated and there is a problem in the yield when it is made into a device.
- JP 2013-102081 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-84439
- An object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor element having a small forward on-resistance, a small reverse leakage current, a small power loss, and a current that can be taken out, and a laminate used therefor.
- the following laminates and the like are provided.
- the reduction suppressing layer is one or more selected from the group consisting of Pd, Mo, Pt, Ir, Ru, Au, Ni, W, Cr, Re, Te, Tc, Mn, Os, Fe, Rh, and Co.
- the laminate according to 1 or 2 wherein the Schottky electrode layer includes an oxide of one or more metal elements having a work function of 4.4 eV or more. 4).
- the Schottky electrode layer is made of one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Pd, Mo, Pt, Ir, Ru, Ni, W, Cr, Re, Te, Tc, Mn, Os, Fe, Rh, and Co. 4.
- the substrate is a conductive silicon substrate.
- the metal oxide semiconductor layer includes one or more elements selected from In, Ga, Zn, and Sn. 11.
- the metal oxide semiconductor layer has a hydrogen atom concentration of 10 17 atoms / cm 3 or more and 10 22 atoms / cm 3 or less.
- the outer edge of the metal oxide semiconductor layer is the same as the outer edge of the ohmic electrode layer or located inside the outer edge of the ohmic electrode layer, and the ohmic electrode layer is on the entire lower surface of the metal oxide semiconductor layer.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a semiconductor element that has a low forward on-resistance, a low reverse leakage current, a low power loss, and a current that can be taken out, and a laminate used therefor.
- One aspect of the laminate of the present invention has a substrate, an ohmic electrode layer, a metal oxide semiconductor layer, a Schottky electrode layer, and a buffer electrode layer in this order, A reduction suppression layer is provided between the Schottky electrode layer and the buffer electrode layer.
- the Schottky barrier diode can be formed regardless of the substrate and the base material.
- the ohmic electrode layer and the metal oxide semiconductor layer are preferably in contact with each other, and the metal oxide semiconductor layer and the Schottky electrode layer are preferably in contact with each other.
- Another embodiment of the laminate of the present invention includes an ohmic electrode layer, a metal oxide semiconductor layer, a Schottky electrode layer, and a buffer electrode layer in this order on a conductive substrate.
- a reduction suppressing layer is provided between the buffer electrode layers.
- the one aspect of the laminate of the present invention and the other aspect of the laminate of the present invention are collectively referred to as the laminate of the present invention.
- the laminate according to the present invention has the above-described configuration, so that the on-resistance in the forward direction can be reduced when used in a semiconductor element. Further, the reverse leakage current can be reduced, and the current can be extracted with little power loss with respect to the input power.
- Examples of the layer structure of the laminate of the present invention include the following structures.
- FIG. 1 shows a laminated structure of an embodiment of the laminated body of the present invention.
- the ohmic electrode layer 20, the metal oxide semiconductor layer 30, the Schottky electrode layer 40, the reduction suppressing layer 50, and the buffer electrode layer 60 are stacked in this order on the substrate 9.
- the outer edge (end portion) of the metal oxide semiconductor layer 30 may be the same as the outer edge of the ohmic electrode layer 20 or may be positioned inside the outer edge of the ohmic electrode layer 20. The latter case is shown in FIG.
- the outer edge of the Schottky electrode layer 40 may be the same as the outer edge of the metal oxide semiconductor layer 30 or may be located inside the outer edge of the metal oxide semiconductor layer 30. The latter case is shown in FIG.
- the p-type oxide semiconductor 70 is embedded in a part of the metal oxide semiconductor layer 30 of the stacked body illustrated in FIG. 3 so as to be in contact with the lower portions of both end portions of the Schottky electrode layer 40. Is.
- the laminated body shown in FIG. 5 is obtained by providing insulators 80 at both ends of the laminated body shown in FIG. 3 as part of the Schottky electrode layer 40.
- the p-type oxide semiconductor 90 is periodically embedded in a part of the metal oxide semiconductor layer 30 of the stacked body shown in FIG. 3 so as to be in contact with the lower part of the Schottky electrode layer 40. Is. Each configuration will be described later.
- FIG. 7 shows a laminated structure of another embodiment of the laminate of the present invention.
- the ohmic electrode layer 20, the metal oxide semiconductor layer 30, the Schottky electrode layer 40, the reduction suppression layer 50, and the buffer electrode layer 60 are stacked in this order on the conductive substrate 10.
- the outer edge (end portion) of the metal oxide semiconductor layer 30 may be the same as the outer edge of the ohmic electrode layer 20 or may be positioned inside the outer edge of the ohmic electrode layer 20. The latter case is shown in FIG. In this case, the ohmic electrode layer 20 covers the lower surface of the metal oxide semiconductor layer 30, that is, the entire lower surface of the metal oxide semiconductor layer 30 is in contact with the ohmic electrode layer 20.
- the outer edge of the Schottky electrode layer 40 may be the same as the outer edge of the metal oxide semiconductor layer 30 or may be located inside the outer edge of the metal oxide semiconductor layer 30. The latter case is shown in FIG. In this case, the metal oxide semiconductor layer 30 is configured to cover the lower surface of the Schottky electrode layer 40.
- the end of the semiconductor is not in direct contact with the Schottky electrode in order to prevent leakage current.
- the metal oxide semiconductor has little leakage current at the film end, the end of the metal oxide semiconductor layer is the same as the end of the Schottky electrode layer, or the Schottky electrode is a metal oxide semiconductor layer It becomes possible to set it as the structure which exists inside the edge part.
- the p-type oxide semiconductor 70 is embedded in a part of the metal oxide semiconductor layer 30 of the stacked body shown in FIG. 9 so as to be in contact with the lower portions of both ends of the Schottky electrode layer 40. Is.
- the end of the Schottky electrode is not in direct contact with the n-type oxide semiconductor layer, thereby preventing the electric field from concentrating on the end of the semiconductor layer when a reverse bias is applied and realizing high withstand voltage. it can. Therefore, it is possible to realize a characteristic of low power consumption with respect to ON / OFF of forward bias application while having a high insulator pressure at the time of reverse bias application.
- the laminated body shown in FIG. 11 is obtained by providing insulators 80 at both ends as part of the Schottky electrode layer 40 in the laminated body shown in FIG.
- the end of the Schottky electrode is not in direct contact with the n-type oxide semiconductor layer, thereby preventing the electric field from concentrating on the end of the semiconductor layer when a reverse bias is applied and realizing high withstand voltage. it can. Therefore, it is possible to realize a characteristic of low power consumption with respect to ON / OFF of forward bias application while having a high insulator pressure at the time of reverse bias application.
- the p-type oxide semiconductor 90 is periodically embedded in a part of the metal oxide semiconductor layer 30 of the stacked body illustrated in FIG. 9 so as to be in contact with the lower portion of the Schottky electrode layer 40.
- This structure is a combination of a PiN diode and a Schottky barrier diode, and is called an MPS (Merged PiN and Schottky Barrier) structure.
- MPS Merged PiN and Schottky Barrier
- any of the configurations shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 to 6 may be provided at the same time. Any of the configurations shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 to 12 can be provided at the same time.
- FIG. 13 shows a stacked structure of a stacked body in which the configurations of FIGS. 2 and 3 are provided simultaneously.
- the outer edge of the substrate 9 is larger than the outer edge of the ohmic electrode layer 20.
- FIG. 14 shows a stacked structure of a stacked body in which the configurations of FIGS. 8 and 9 are provided simultaneously. Note that the outer edge of the conductive substrate 10 is larger than the outer edge of the ohmic electrode layer 20.
- the substrate is not particularly limited and a known material can be used, and examples thereof include a conductive substrate, a semiconductor substrate, and an insulating substrate.
- the conductive substrate examples include a silicon substrate and a metal substrate.
- a low-resistance silicon substrate having a high impurity doping concentration is preferable, and an n-type low-resistance silicon substrate is more preferable.
- Conventionally known B, P, Pb, As, etc. can be used as the dopant.
- the silicon substrate preferably has a low resistance.
- the volume resistivity ⁇ of the silicon substrate is preferably 100 m ⁇ cm or less, more preferably 10 m ⁇ cm or less, and further preferably 5 m ⁇ cm or less.
- Examples of the metal of the metal substrate include Cu, Al, Au, Cr, Fe, Ni, and W, and these alloys can also be used.
- Cu, Al, or an alloy thereof is low resistance, low cost, and excellent thermal conductivity.
- the laminate of the present invention can provide a Schottky barrier diode that exhibits good diode characteristics even when an inexpensive silicon substrate or metal substrate is used as a conductive substrate.
- the thickness of the conductive substrate is usually 200 ⁇ m to 2 mm.
- An electrode layer (back electrode) may be laminated on the back surface of the conductive substrate.
- the material for the back electrode is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include Ti, Ni, Au, Cu, Al, Cr, Fe, Ni, and W, their laminated structure, and alloys thereof.
- the material of the semiconductor substrate is not particularly limited as long as the surface smoothness is maintained.
- a semiconductor substrate a Si substrate, a GaN substrate, a SiC substrate, a GaP substrate, a GaAs substrate, a ZnO substrate, a Ga 2 O 3 substrate, a GaSb substrate, an InP substrate, and an InAs whose carrier concentration is adjusted to 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 or less.
- Examples include a substrate, an InSb substrate, a ZnS substrate, a ZnTe substrate, and a diamond substrate.
- the semiconductor substrate may be single crystal or polycrystalline. Further, it may be an amorphous substrate or a substrate partially containing amorphous.
- a substrate in which a semiconductor film is formed using a technique such as CVD (chemical vapor deposition) on a conductor substrate, a semiconductor substrate, or an insulating substrate may be used.
- the surface roughness of the semiconductor substrate is preferably 150 nm or less, more preferably 50 nm or less, and even more preferably 10 nm or less.
- the surface roughness is measured by the method described in the examples. When the surface roughness of the substrate is small and the smoothness is high, the smoothness of the metal oxide semiconductor layer is maintained when the ohmic electrode layer and the metal oxide semiconductor layer are laminated, and the reverse leakage current is obtained when the device is used. Is kept low.
- the thickness of the semiconductor substrate is usually 200 ⁇ m to 2 mm.
- the thickness is preferably 200 ⁇ m to 1 mm, more preferably 200 ⁇ m to 700 ⁇ m.
- the insulating substrate is not particularly limited as long as it is an insulating substrate, and a substrate generally used can be arbitrarily selected as long as the effects of the present invention are not lost.
- a substrate generally used can be arbitrarily selected as long as the effects of the present invention are not lost.
- an insulating substrate for example, quartz glass, barium borosilicate glass, aluminoborosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, etc., alkali-free glass substrate produced by the fusion method or float method, ceramic substrate, and processing temperature of this production process
- a heat-resistant plastic substrate for example, a polyimide substrate.
- a dielectric substrate may also be used as the insulating substrate.
- the dielectric substrate include a lithium niobate substrate, a lithium tantalate substrate, a zinc oxide substrate, a quartz substrate, and a sapphire substrate.
- an insulating substrate or a dielectric substrate in which an insulating film or a dielectric film is provided on the surface of a metal substrate such as a stainless alloy may be used.
- an insulating film may be formed over the substrate as a base film.
- a single layer or a stacked layer such as a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, a silicon oxynitride film, or a silicon nitride oxide film can be formed by a CVD method, a sputtering method, or the like.
- the surface roughness of the insulating substrate is preferably 150 nm or less, more preferably 50 nm or less, and further preferably 20 nm or less.
- the surface roughness is measured by the method described in the examples. When the surface roughness of the substrate is smaller and the smoothness is higher, when the contact resistance reducing layer, the reduction suppressing layer, and the Schottky electrode layer are stacked, the smoothness of the Schottky electrode layer is maintained, and the element is The reverse leakage current is kept low.
- the thickness of the insulating substrate is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 2 ⁇ m to 2 mm, preferably 2 ⁇ m to 1 mm, and more preferably 2 ⁇ m to 700 ⁇ m.
- a base material having an arbitrary structure, layer structure, circuit, wiring, electrode, or the like made of a plurality of materials may be used on the above-described conductive substrate, semiconductor substrate, or insulating substrate.
- Examples of materials having an arbitrary structure include composite materials of various metals and insulators such as a metal that forms a back end of line on a large scale integrated circuit (LSI), an interlayer insulating film, and the like.
- LSI large scale integrated circuit
- interlayer insulating film and the like.
- the layer structure is not particularly limited, and is an electrode layer, an insulating layer, a semiconductor layer, a dielectric layer, a protective film layer, a stress buffer layer, a light shielding layer, an electron / hole injection layer, an electron / hole transport layer, a light emitting layer.
- Known layers such as an electron / hole blocking layer, a crystal growth layer, an adhesion improving layer, a memory layer, a liquid crystal layer, a capacitor layer, and a power storage layer can be used.
- an insulating layer generally Al, Si, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Examples thereof include an oxide insulating film and a nitride film containing one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Sn, Sb, Te, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, and Au.
- oxide semiconductor layers, organic semiconductor layers such as pentacene, and the like are widely used regardless of the crystalline state of single crystal, polycrystal, or amorphous.
- a lithium niobate layer As the dielectric layer, a lithium niobate layer, a lithium tantalate layer, a zinc oxide layer, a quartz substrate layer, a sapphire layer, a BaTiO 3 layer, a Pb (Zr, Ti) O 3 (PZT) layer, (Pb, La) ( Zr, Ti) O 3 (PLZT) layer, Pb (Zr, Ti, Nb) O 3 (PZTN) layer, Pb (Ni, Nb) O 3 —PbTiO 3 (PNN-PT) layer, Pb (Ni, Nb) O 3 —PbZnO 3 (PNN—PZ) layer, Pb (Mg, Nb) O 3 —PbTiO 3 (PMN—PT) layer, SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9 (SBT) layer, (K, Na) TaO 3 layer, (K, Na) NbO 3 layer, BiFeO 3 layer, Bi (Nd, La
- the protective film layer As a film of the protective film layer, a film having excellent insulating properties regardless of inorganic materials and organic materials and low permeability of water or the like can be used.
- Examples of the stress buffer layer include an AlGaN layer.
- Examples of the light shielding layer include a black matrix layer containing a metal, a metal-organic material, and a color filter layer.
- Examples of the electron / hole injection layer include an oxide semiconductor layer and an organic semiconductor layer.
- Examples of the electron / hole transport layer include an oxide semiconductor layer and an organic semiconductor layer.
- Examples of the light emitting layer include an inorganic semiconductor layer and an organic semiconductor layer.
- Examples of the electron / hole blocking layer include an oxide semiconductor layer.
- Examples of the base material include a power generation device, a light emitting device, a sensor, a power conversion device, an arithmetic device, a protection device, an optoelectronic device, a display, a memory, a semiconductor device having a back end of line, and a power storage device.
- the layer having a layer structure may be a single layer or two or more layers.
- the material for the ohmic electrode layer is not particularly limited as long as a good ohmic connection with the metal oxide semiconductor layer can be achieved.
- the substrate and the contact resistance are preferably 10 m ⁇ cm or less.
- Examples of the material of the ohmic electrode layer include one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ti, Mo, Ag, In, Al, W, Co, and Ni, and alloys thereof.
- the thickness of the ohmic electrode layer is not particularly limited, but is usually 2 nm to 1 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 300 nm. Within this range, there is sufficient adhesion and there is little increase in resistance. Further, the ohmic electrode layer can be composed of a plurality of layers.
- the ohmic electrode layer can be confirmed by cross-sectional TEM observation or secondary ion mass spectrometry. The same applies to the substrate, the buffer electrode layer, the metal oxide semiconductor layer, the Schottky electrode layer, and the reduction suppression layer.
- the composition of the metal oxide semiconductor layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal oxide semiconductor.
- An oxide containing one or more elements selected from In, Ga, Zn, and Sn is preferable.
- an oxide semiconductor (IGZO) of In, Ga, and Zn, an oxide semiconductor of In, Sn, and Zn In and Ga oxide semiconductors, In oxide semiconductors, and the like can be given.
- IGZO oxide semiconductor
- There is no limitation on the crystallinity, and any of a layer made of an amorphous oxide semiconductor, a layer made of a polycrystalline oxide semiconductor, a layer made of a single crystal oxide semiconductor, or a mixed layer thereof can be used. .
- the hydrogen atom concentration in the metal oxide semiconductor layer is preferably 10 17 atoms / cm 3 or more and 10 22 atoms / cm 3 or less. If the amount of hydrogen is larger than this, an oxide In—O network may not be formed, and the bond may become unstable. Hydrogen concentrations preferable to be 10 17 to 10 22 / cm 3, more preferable to be 10 19 to 10 22 / cm 3, further preferably 10 20-10 21 / cm 3. Metal oxide semiconductors can easily form oxygen vacancies, and leakage current may flow through the vacancies. However, by setting the hydrogen atom concentration to 10 20 atoms / cm 3 or more, oxygen vacancies are terminated with hydroxyl groups. Leakage current can be reduced.
- the hydrogen atom concentration is measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry.
- the method for adjusting the hydrogen atom concentration is not particularly limited, but can be adjusted by optimizing the atmosphere of the apparatus during film formation, annealing after film formation, and the atmosphere during film formation of the Schottky electrode.
- the band gap of the metal oxide semiconductor layer is preferably 2.0 eV to 6.0 eV, more preferably 2.5 eV to 5.5 eV, and still more preferably 3.0 eV to 5.0 eV.
- the band gap is measured by the method described in the examples. By using a metal oxide semiconductor layer having a band gap in this range, an element with low on-resistance can be obtained.
- the free carrier concentration of each layer constituting the metal oxide semiconductor layer is usually 1 ⁇ 10 13 or more and less than 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the free carrier concentration is measured by the method described in the examples.
- the thickness of the metal oxide semiconductor layer is usually 10 nm to 10 ⁇ m, preferably 50 nm to 7 ⁇ m, more preferably 100 nm to 5 ⁇ m.
- the film thickness can be selected so as to obtain a desired withstand voltage. If it is too thick, the resistance during forward bias may increase.
- the laminate of the present invention can provide a Schottky barrier diode that exhibits good diode characteristics even when a metal oxide semiconductor layer is formed by a method having excellent productivity such as sputtering.
- Schottky electrode layer As the metal contained in the Schottky electrode layer, an element having a work function of 3.5 eV or more can be used, and the metal oxide can be used for the Schottky electrode layer.
- the work function of the metal is preferably 4.0 eV or more, more preferably 4.4 eV or more, and still more preferably 4.6 eV or more.
- the upper limit of the work function is not particularly specified, but is usually 6.5 eV.
- the work function can be obtained by photoelectron spectroscopy.
- the metal of the Schottky electrode layer is selected from Pd, Mo, Pt, Ir, Ru, V, Zr, Mg, Ni, W, Cr, Re, Te, Tc, Mn, Os, Fe, Rh, and Co.
- the carrier concentration of the Schottky electrode layer is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 or more.
- the carrier concentration can be obtained by Hall measurement.
- the thickness of the Schottky electrode layer is usually 1 nm to 1 ⁇ m, preferably 2 nm to 100 nm, more preferably 5 nm to 100 nm, and further preferably 5 nm to 50 nm. Within this range, the on-resistance during forward bias is excellent. In addition, the flatness of the Schottky interface can be improved and the voltage resistance is excellent.
- the production method for obtaining the metal oxide of the Schottky electrode is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of performing reactive sputtering of a metal target in an oxygen-containing atmosphere.
- the reduction suppression layer is a layer that prevents the Schottky electrode layer from being reduced due to the interaction between the buffer electrode layer and the Schottky electrode layer, and the initial Schottky interface is not formed.
- the metal used for the reduction suppression layer is selected from the group consisting of Pd, Mo, Pt, Ir, Ru, Au, Ni, W, Cr, Re, Te, Tc, Mn, Os, Fe, Rh, and Co. More than kinds of elements and alloys thereof can be mentioned.
- the reduction suppressing layer the same element as the metal element constituting the Schottky electrode layer may be used, that is, the metal oxide metal constituting the Schottky electrode layer may be used.
- examples of the combination of the reduction suppression layer and the Schottky electrode layer include Pd / palladium oxide, Pt / platinum oxide, Ir / iridium oxide, Ru / ruthenium oxide, and the like. It is done.
- the thickness of the reduction suppressing layer is usually 1 nm to 1 ⁇ m, preferably 2 nm to 500 nm, more preferably 5 nm to 100 nm, and particularly preferably 10 nm to 80 nm. Within this range, since the reduction suppressing effect is excellent, the on-resistance during forward bias can be reduced. In addition, the flatness of the Schottky interface can be improved.
- the buffer electrode layer is a layer that reduces heat and ultrasonic damage in a wire bonding process such as Al or Cu, which is the next process of forming the Schottky barrier diode.
- the buffer electrode layer is preferably an electrode having a large linear expansion coefficient.
- the metal used for the buffer electrode layer examples include one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Pb, In, Mg, Al, Sn, Mn, Ag, Cu, Ni, Cr, and Au, and alloys thereof.
- the same element as the metal used for the wire is preferable.
- the buffer electrode layer is also Al or Cu because it can be easily bonded to the wire.
- the thickness of the buffer electrode layer is usually 200 nm to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 500 nm to 10 ⁇ m. If it is too thin, the effect of alleviating the damage will be low, and the Schottky electrode layer and the semiconductor layer may be damaged. If it is too thick, the on-resistance during forward bias may increase due to its own resistance.
- the film forming method of each layer is not particularly limited, but the CVD method such as thermal CVD method, CAT-CVD method, photo CVD method, mist CVD method, MO-CVD method, plasma CVD method, atomic level control such as MBE, ALD, etc.
- CVD method such as thermal CVD method, CAT-CVD method, photo CVD method, mist CVD method, MO-CVD method, plasma CVD method, atomic level control such as MBE, ALD, etc.
- Conventionally known ceramic processes such as film forming method, ion plating, ion beam sputtering, magnetron sputtering, etc., PVD method, doctor blade method, injection method, extrusion method, hot press method, sol-gel method, aerosol deposition method, etc.
- a wet method such as a method used, a coating method, a spin coating method, a printing method, a spray method, an electrodeposition method, a plating method, or a micelle electrolysis method can be used
- the laminate of the present invention includes a power semiconductor element, a (rectifying) diode element, a Schottky barrier diode element, a junction transistor element, an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection diode, a transient voltage protection (TVS) protection diode, a light emitting diode, and a metal semiconductor electric field.
- ESD electrostatic discharge
- TVS transient voltage protection
- Effect transistor MESFET
- JFET junction field effect transistor
- MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
- Schottky source / drain MOSFET avalanche multiplication type photoelectric conversion element
- solid-state image sensor solid-state image sensor
- solar cell element light It can be used for semiconductor elements such as sensor elements, display elements, and resistance change memories.
- the semiconductor element can be used for a Schottky barrier diode or a junction transistor.
- An electronic circuit using the semiconductor element, the Schottky barrier diode, the junction transistor, or the like can be used for an electric device, an electronic device, a vehicle, a power engine, and the like.
- Example 1 (Production of Schottky barrier diode) A p-doped n-type single crystal Si substrate (thickness: 250 ⁇ m, diameter: 4 inches) having an electrical resistivity of 3 m ⁇ cm is mounted on a sputtering apparatus (Canon Anelva Co., Ltd .: E-200S), and Ti is deposited to a thickness of 150 nm as a back electrode. did. Next, the substrate was turned over and mounted on the sputtering apparatus, and Mo was deposited to a thickness of 150 nm as an ohmic electrode layer under a DC 100 W, Ar atmosphere.
- a sputtering apparatus Canon Anelva Co., Ltd .: E-200S
- this substrate was set in a sputtering apparatus (ULVAC Corporation: CS-200) together with an area mask having a diameter of 0.3 mm, and a metal oxide having a metal composition (atomic ratio) shown in Table 1 as a metal oxide semiconductor layer.
- a semiconductor was deposited to 200 nm.
- the gas shown in Table 1 was introduced into the sputtering apparatus at the volume ratio shown in Table 1.
- the substrate was taken out and annealed in an electric furnace at 300 ° C. for 1 hour in air.
- This substrate was again mounted on a sputtering apparatus (Canon Anelva Co., Ltd .: E-200S) together with an area mask having a diameter of 0.2 mm, and then a Schottky electrode layer, a reduction suppression layer, and a buffer layer were formed as follows. Filmed. As the Schottky electrode layer, 20 nm of palladium oxide was formed. The film forming conditions were DC 50 W, a mixed gas atmosphere of Ar and O 2 and 180 seconds. Table 1 shows the work functions of the metal elements used. The reduction suppressing layer was formed by depositing 50 nm of Pd. The film forming conditions were a DC 50 W, Ar atmosphere. The buffer electrode layer was formed with 1 ⁇ m of Al. The film forming conditions were a DC 50 W, Ar atmosphere. The obtained Schottky barrier diode has a structure in which Ti is stacked on the back surface of the stacked body of FIG.
- the free carrier concentration of the metal oxide semiconductor layer was measured as follows. It performed to the glass substrate through the metal oxide semiconductor layer film-forming process among said Schottky barrier diode preparation processes. Then, each substrate was cut into 1 cm square, and In electrodes were provided at the four corners to obtain Hall effect measurement elements. The element was subjected to Hall effect measurement at room temperature using a Hall effect measurement device (manufactured by ACCENT: HL-5500PC), and the obtained free carrier amount was normalized with the volume of the metal oxide semiconductor layer to obtain a free carrier concentration. . The free carrier concentration of the metal oxide semiconductor layer was 5 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the carrier concentration of the Schottky electrode layer was measured as follows. It performed to the glass substrate through the Schottky electrode layer film-forming process among said Schottky barrier diode preparation processes. Then, each substrate was cut into 1 cm square, and In electrodes were provided at the four corners to obtain Hall effect measurement elements. The element was subjected to Hall effect measurement at room temperature using a Hall effect measurement device (manufactured by ACCENT: HL-5500PC), and the obtained carrier amount was normalized by the volume of the Schottky electrode to obtain a carrier concentration. The carrier concentration of the Schottky electrode layer was 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 .
- On resistance (Ron) and leakage current (Ir) were evaluated using Agilent B1500. Measurement was performed by connecting the substrate side to the ground and grounding another probe to the buffer electrode layer side to change the voltage.
- the band gap of the metal oxide semiconductor layer was evaluated as follows.
- the substrate was subjected to the metal oxide semiconductor layer deposition step in the above Schottky diode manufacturing step, and the obtained laminate was cut into 1 cm square.
- a spectroscopic ellipsometry measuring device manufactured by JA Woollam Japan Co., Ltd .: M-2000D
- the incident angle of polarized light is changed to 50 °, 60 °, 70 ° from the direction perpendicular to the substrate,
- the measurement was performed at a measurement wavelength of 192.3 nm to 1689 nm and a measurement width of 3.4 nm.
- the absorption coefficient ⁇ was calculated.
- the spectrum of the absorption coefficient alpha of the metal oxide semiconductor layer, by plotting the alpha 2 relative to the energy range 2 eV ⁇ 5 eV of light was calculated intersection of the energy axis which is extended linearly as a band gap.
- the hydrogen atom concentration of the metal oxide semiconductor layer of the obtained Schottky barrier diode was evaluated as follows. The measurement was carried out using a quadrupole secondary ion mass spectrometer (manufactured by ULVAC-PHI, Inc .: D-SIMS) under measurement conditions of a Cs ion source of 1 kV, a primary ion current of 100 nA, and a chamber vacuum degree of 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 torr.
- the hydrogen concentration and film thickness are known with respect to the intensity obtained by integrating the secondary ion intensity of H at each depth obtained by the above measurement with the film thickness of the metal oxide semiconductor layer.
- the strength was normalized to quantify the hydrogen concentration, and the obtained value was defined as the hydrogen atom concentration.
- Examples 2-4 A Schottky barrier diode was fabricated and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compositions of the Schottky electrode layer and the reduction suppressing layer were changed as shown in Table 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the free carrier concentration of each metal oxide semiconductor layer was 5 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the carrier concentration of the Schottky electrode layer was 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 in all cases.
- the Schottky barrier diodes obtained in Examples 1 to 4 exhibited favorable diode characteristics with an on-resistance Ron of less than 1 m ⁇ cm 2 and a leakage current Ir of 4 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 8 A / cm 2 or less. .
- Comparative Example 1 A Schottky barrier diode was fabricated and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no reduction suppression layer was provided. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the Schottky barrier diode obtained in Comparative Example 1 has an on-resistance Ron of 50 m ⁇ cm 2 and a leakage current Ir of 2 ⁇ 10 0 A / cm 2, which are all higher than those of Examples 1 to 4. showed that.
- Examples 5-8 A Schottky barrier diode was fabricated and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compositions of the Schottky electrode layer and the reduction suppressing layer were changed as shown in Table 2. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the free carrier concentration of each metal oxide semiconductor layer was 5 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the carrier concentration of the Schottky electrode layer was 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 in all cases.
- the Schottky barrier diodes obtained in Examples 5 to 8 exhibited good diode characteristics with an on-resistance Ron of less than 10 m ⁇ cm 2 and a leakage current Ir of 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 8 A / cm 2 or less. .
- Examples 9-11 A Schottky barrier diode was fabricated and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the Schottky electrode layer was changed as shown in Table 3. The results are shown in Table 3.
- the free carrier concentration of each metal oxide semiconductor layer was 5 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the carrier concentration of the Schottky electrode layer was 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 in all cases.
- the Schottky barrier diodes obtained in Examples 9 and 10 exhibited good diode characteristics with an on-resistance Ron of less than 1 m ⁇ cm 2 and a leakage current Ir of 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 A / cm 2 or less. .
- the Schottky barrier diode obtained in Example 11 had an on-resistance Ron of less than 10 m ⁇ cm 2 and a leakage current Ir of 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 A / cm 2 , and showed good diode characteristics.
- Examples 12-14 A Schottky barrier diode was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the film formation condition of the ohmic electrode layer was DC 50 W and the composition of the Schottky electrode layer and the reduction suppression layer was changed as shown in Table 4. . The results are shown in Table 4.
- the free carrier concentration of each metal oxide semiconductor layer was 5 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the carrier concentration of the Schottky electrode layer was 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 in all cases.
- the Schottky barrier diode obtained in Example 12 had good diode characteristics with an on-resistance Ron of less than 1 m ⁇ cm 2 and a leakage current Ir of 9 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 .
- the Schottky barrier diodes obtained in Examples 13 and 14 have an on-resistance Ron of less than 1 m ⁇ cm 2 and leak currents Ir of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 A / cm 2 and 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 A / cm 2 , respectively. There was good diode characteristics.
- Examples 15-18 A Schottky barrier diode was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the substrate was changed to the semiconductor substrate shown in Table 5. On-resistance and leakage current were evaluated by measuring a voltage by changing the voltage by grounding a partial probe with the ohmic electrode exposed to ground and connecting the other probe to the buffer electrode layer. Other evaluation methods were performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 5. The free carrier concentration of each metal oxide semiconductor layer was 5 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 . The carrier concentration of the Schottky electrode layer was 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 in all cases.
- the surface roughness of the substrate was obtained by observing the produced Schottky barrier diode with a cross-sectional TEM (transmission electron microscope) image and EDX (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy). Specifically, the area where the constituent elements of each substrate shown in Table 5 were detected by EDX was defined as the substrate, and the interface was defined from the difference in contrast between the substrate and the ohmic electrode layer in the cross-sectional TEM image.
- the crystallinity of the substrate was evaluated by an electron diffraction image obtained by an electron microscope (manufactured by JEOL: JEM-2800). In the electron beam irradiation area, a diffraction image was obtained from a region having a diameter of 10 nm or more with respect to the substrate cross section. Those in which the spot shape was observed in the diffraction image were judged as single crystals, and those in the ring shape were judged as polycrystalline. The results are shown in Table 5.
- the Schottky barrier diodes obtained in Examples 15 to 17 showed good diode characteristics with an on-resistance Ron of less than 1 m ⁇ cm 2 and a leakage current Ir of 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 9 A / cm 2 or less.
- the Schottky barrier diode obtained in Example 18 had an on-resistance Ron of less than 1 m ⁇ cm 2 and a leakage current Ir of 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 A / cm, and exhibited good diode characteristics.
- Examples 19-22 A Schottky barrier diode was fabricated and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 15 except that the substrate was changed to the insulating substrate shown in Table 6. The results are shown in Table 6.
- the free carrier concentration of each metal oxide semiconductor layer was 5 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the carrier concentration of the Schottky electrode layer was 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 in all cases.
- the Schottky barrier diodes obtained in Examples 19 to 22 exhibited good diode characteristics with an on-resistance Ron of less than 1 m ⁇ cm 2 and a leakage current Ir of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 A / cm 2 or less. .
- Example 23-26 The metal oxide semiconductor layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a metal oxide semiconductor having a metal composition ratio (atomic ratio) shown in Table 7 was used and the gas introduced during film formation was as shown in Table 7. A Schottky barrier diode was fabricated and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 7. The free carrier concentration of the metal oxide semiconductor layer was as shown in Table 7. The carrier concentration of the Schottky electrode layer was 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 in all cases.
- the Schottky barrier diodes obtained in Examples 23 to 26 exhibited good diode characteristics with an on-resistance Ron of less than 1 m ⁇ cm 2 and a leakage current Ir of 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 9 A / cm 2 or less. .
- Examples 27-30 A Schottky barrier diode was fabricated and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the gas introduced during the formation of the metal oxide semiconductor layer and the ratio thereof were changed as shown in Table 8. The results are shown in Table 8. The free carrier concentration of the metal oxide semiconductor layer was as shown in Table 8. The carrier concentration of the Schottky electrode layer was 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 in all cases.
- the hydrogen atom concentrations of the metal oxide semiconductor layers of Examples 27 and 28 were 8 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 and 5 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the Schottky barrier diodes obtained in Examples 27 and 28 had excellent diode characteristics with an on-resistance Ron of less than 1 m ⁇ cm 2 and a leakage current Ir of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 9 A / cm 2 or less.
- the hydrogen atom concentrations of the metal oxide semiconductor layers of Examples 29 and 30 were 4 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 and 8 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the Schottky barrier diodes obtained in Examples 19 and 20 had an on-resistance Ron of less than 1 m ⁇ cm 2 and a leakage current Ir of 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 A / cm 2 and 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 A / cm 2 . There was good diode characteristics.
- Example 31 A Schottky barrier diode was fabricated and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition of the ohmic electrode layer was changed as shown in Table 9. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the free carrier concentration of the metal oxide semiconductor layer was 5 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the carrier concentration of the Schottky electrode layer was 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the Schottky barrier diode obtained in Example 31 had an on-resistance Ron of less than 1 m ⁇ cm 2 and a leakage current Ir of 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 9 A / cm 2 , and exhibited good diode characteristics.
- the laminate of the present invention can be used for a semiconductor element such as a power semiconductor element, a diode element, and a Schottky barrier diode element, and an electronic circuit using the element is used for an electric device, an electronic device, an electric vehicle, and the like. Can do.
- a semiconductor element such as a power semiconductor element, a diode element, and a Schottky barrier diode element
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Abstract
Description
β-Ga2O3はさらにバンドギャップが広く(4.8eV~4.9eV)、高い耐電圧性が期待されるが、やはり良質な基板の製造に課題があり、量産性とコストに課題がある。
1.基板と、オーミック電極層と、金属酸化物半導体層と、ショットキー電極層と、バッファー電極層とをこの順に有し、
前記ショットキー電極層と前記バッファー電極層の間に還元抑制層を有する積層体。
2.前記還元抑制層が、Pd、Mo、Pt、Ir、Ru、Au、Ni、W、Cr、Re、Te、Tc、Mn、Os、Fe、Rh及びCoからなる群から選択される1種類以上の元素を含む1に記載の積層体。
3.前記ショットキー電極層が、仕事関数が4.4eV以上である1種類以上の金属元素の酸化物を含む1又は2に記載の積層体。
4.前記ショットキー電極層が、Pd、Mo、Pt、Ir、Ru、Ni、W、Cr、Re、Te、Tc、Mn、Os、Fe、Rh及びCoからなる群から選択される1以上の金属の酸化物を含む1~3のいずれかに記載の積層体。
5.前記基板が、導電性基板である1~4のいずれかに記載の積層体。
6.前記基板が、絶縁性基板である1~4のいずれかに記載の積層体。
7.前記基板が、半導体基板である1~4のいずれかに記載の積層体。
8.前記基板と前記オーミック電極層の間に、電極層及び絶縁層からなる群から選択される1以上の層を含む層構造を有する1~4のいずれかに記載の積層体。
9.前記基板が、導電性のシリコン基板である1~4のいずれかに記載の積層体。
10.前記金属酸化物半導体層が、In、Ga,Zn及びSnから選択される1種類以上の元素を含む1~9のいずれかに記載の積層体。
11.前記金属酸化物半導体層の水素原子濃度が1017個/cm3以上1022個/cm3以下である1~10のいずれかに記載の積層体。
12.前記金属酸化物半導体層の外縁が、前記オーミック電極層の外縁と同一であるか又は前記オーミック電極層の外縁の内側に位置し、前記オーミック電極層が前記金属酸化物半導体層の下面の全面に接する1~11のいずれかに記載の積層体。
13.前記ショットキー電極層の外縁が、前記金属酸化物半導体層の外縁と同一であるか又は前記金属酸化物半導体層の外縁の内側に位置する1~12のいずれかに記載の積層体。
14.1~13のいずれかに記載の積層体を用いた半導体素子。
15.14に記載の半導体素子を用いたショットキーバリアダイオード。
16.14に記載の半導体素子を用いたジャンクショントランジスタ。
17.14に記載の半導体素子、15に記載のショットキーバリアダイオード、又は16に記載のジャンクショントランジスタを用いた電子回路。
18.17に記載の電子回路を用いた電気機器、電子機器、車両、又は動力機関。
本発明の積層体の一態様は、基板と、オーミック電極層と、金属酸化物半導体層と、ショットキー電極層と、バッファー電極層とをこの順に有し、
前記ショットキー電極層と前記バッファー電極層の間に還元抑制層を有する。
本発明の積層体の一態様では、ショットキーバリアダイオードを、基板、基材を選ばず形成できる。
基板と、オーミック電極層との間に介在する層があってもよい。
オーミック電極層と、金属酸化物半導体層とは、接することが好ましく、金属酸化物半導体層と、ショットキー電極層とは、接することが好ましい。
基板//オーミック電極層/金属酸化物半導体層/ショットキー電極層/還元抑制層/バッファー電極層
(「/」は各層が隣接して積層されていることを示す。)
(「//」は各層が隣接せず、又は隣接して積層されていることを示す。)
各構成については後述する。
図10に示す積層体は、図9に示す積層体の金属酸化物半導体層30の一部に、ショットキー電極層40の両端部の下部に接するように、p型酸化物半導体70を埋め込んだものである。このようにすることによって、ショットキー電極の端部がn型酸化物半導体層と直接接しないことにより、逆バイアス印加時に半導体層の端部に電界が集中することを防ぎ、高い絶縁耐圧を実現できる。よって、逆バイアス印加時に高い絶縁体圧を持ちながら、順バイアス印加のオンオフに対する消費電力が低い特性を実現することできる。
図8と図9~12に示すいずれかの構成を同時に設けることもできる。
図8と図9の構成を同時に設けた積層体の積層構造を図14に示す。なお、導電性基板10の外縁はオーミック電極層20の外縁よりも大きなものとしている。
(基板)
基板としては、特に限定されず公知の物を使用でき、導電性基板、半導体基板、絶縁性基板等が挙げられる。
シリコン基板は低抵抗のものが好ましい。シリコン基板の体積抵抗率ρは、好ましくは100mΩcm以下であり、より好ましくは10mΩcm以下であり、さらに好ましくは5mΩcm以下である。
導電性基板の裏面には電極層(裏面電極)が積層されていてもよい。裏面電極の材料は特に制限は無いが、Ti、Ni、Au、Cu、Al、Cr、Fe、Ni、W等やそれらの積層構造、及び、これらの合金が挙げられる。
半導体基板としては、キャリア濃度を1×1018cm-3以下に調整したSi基板、GaN基板、SiC基板、GaP基板、GaAs基板、ZnO基板、Ga2O3基板、GaSb基板、InP基板、InAs基板、InSb基板、ZnS基板、ZnTe基板、ダイヤモンド基板等が挙げられる。
半導体基板は単結晶でも、多結晶でもよい。また、非晶質基板又は非晶質を部分的に含む基板でよい。導電体基板、半導体基板、絶縁性基板の上に、CVD(化学気相成長)等の手法を用いて半導体膜を形成した基板を使用してもよい。
基板の表面ラフネスが小さく、平滑性が高い方が、オーミック電極層、金属酸化物半導体層を積層した場合に金属酸化物半導体層の平滑性が保たれ、素子とした場合に逆方向のリーク電流が低く抑えられる。
絶縁性基板として、例えば、石英ガラス、バリウムホウケイ酸ガラス、アルミノホウケイ酸ガラス、アルミノシリケートガラス等の、フュージョン法やフロート法で作製される無アルカリガラス基板、セラミック基板、及び本作製工程の処理温度に耐えうる耐熱性を有するプラスチック基板(例えばポリイミド基盤)等が挙げられる。
誘電性基板としては、ニオブ酸リチウム基板、タンタル酸リチウム基板、酸化亜鉛基板、水晶基板、サファイア基板等が挙げられる。
また、基板に下地膜として絶縁膜を形成してもよい。下地膜として、CVD法やスパッタリング法等を用いて、酸化珪素膜、窒化珪素膜、酸化窒化珪素膜、又は窒化酸化珪素膜等の単層又は積層を形成できる。
基板の表面ラフネスが小さく、平滑性が高い方が、接触抵抗低減層、還元抑制層、及びショットキー電極層を積層した場合に、ショットキー電極層の平滑性が保たれ、素子とした場合に逆方向のリーク電流が低く抑えられる。
絶縁層としては、一般にAl、Si、Sc、Ti、V、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ga、Ge、Y、Zr、Nb、Mo、Tc、Ru、Rh、Pd、Ag、Cd、In、Sn、Sb、Te、Hf、Ta、W、Re、Os、Ir、Pt及びAuからなる群から選択される1以上の金属を含む酸化物絶縁膜、窒化膜等が挙げられる。
誘電体層としては、ニオブ酸リチウム層、タンタル酸リチウム層、酸化亜鉛層、水晶基板層、サファイア層、BaTiO3層、Pb(Zr,Ti)O3(PZT)層、(Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3(PLZT)層、Pb(Zr,Ti,Nb)O3(PZTN)層、Pb(Ni,Nb)O3-PbTiO3(PNN-PT)層、Pb(Ni,Nb)O3-PbZnO3(PNN-PZ)層、Pb(Mg,Nb)O3-PbTiO3(PMN-PT)層、SrBi2Ta2O9(SBT)層、(K,Na)TaO3層、(K,Na)NbO3層、BiFeO3層、Bi(Nd,La)TiOx層(x=2.5~3.0)、HfSiO(N)層、HfO2-Al2O3層、La2O3層、La2O3-Al2O3層等が挙げられる。
保護膜層の膜としては、無機物、有機物問わず絶縁性に優れ、水等の透過性が低い膜が挙げられる。保護膜層としては、例えば、SiO2層、SiNx層(x=1.20~1.33)、SiON層、Al2O3層等が挙げられる。
遮光層としては、例えば金属、金属-有機物等を含むブラックマトリックス層、カラーフィルタ層が挙げられる。
電子/ホール注入層としては、酸化物半導体層、有機半導体層等が挙げられる。
電子/ホール輸送層としては、酸化物半導体層、有機半導体層等が挙げられる。
電子/ホールブロッキング層としては、酸化物半導体層等が挙げられる。
オーミック電極層の材料は、金属酸化物半導体層と良好なオーミック接続ができれば特に限定されない。基板と接触抵抗が10mΩcm以下であるものであると好ましい。
また、オーミック電極層を複数の層で構成することもできる。
金属酸化物半導体層の組成は、金属酸化物半導体であれば特に限定されない。In、Ga、Zn、及びSnから選択される1種以上の元素を含む酸化物であると好ましく、例えば、In,Ga及びZnの酸化物半導体(IGZO)、In,Sn及びZnの酸化物半導体、In及びGaの酸化物半導体、Inの酸化物半導体等が挙げられる。
また、結晶性についても制限はなく、非晶質酸化物半導体からなる層、多結晶酸化物半導体からなる層、単結晶酸化物半導体からなる層、それらの混在した層のいずれも用いることができる。
金属酸化物半導体は酸素欠損を作りやすく、欠損を伝って漏れ電流が流れてしまう場合があるが、水素原子濃度を1020個/cm3以上にすることによって、酸素欠損を水酸基で終端させ、漏れ電流を低減することができる。
ショットキー電極層の含有金属としては、仕事関数が3.5eV以上の元素を用いることができ、ショットキー電極層にはその金属酸化物を用いることができる。当該金属の仕事関数は好ましくは4.0eV以上であり、より好ましくは4.4eV以上であり、さらに好ましくは4.6eV以上である。仕事関数の上限は、特に指定されないが、通常6.5eVである。
仕事関数は、光電子分光法によって求めることができる。
還元抑制層は、バッファー電極層とショットキー電極層の相互作用によりショットキー電極層が還元され、初期のショットキー界面が形成されなくなることを防止する層である。
バッファー電極層は、ショットキーバリアダイオード形成の次の工程であるAlやCu等のワイヤーボンド工程において、熱や超音波のダメージを低減する層である。バッファー電極層は、通常、線膨張係数の大きい電極が好ましい。
本発明の積層体は、パワー半導体素子、(整流)ダイオード素子、ショットキーバリアダイオード素子、ジャンクショントランジスタ素子、静電気放電(ESD)保護ダイオード、過渡電圧保護(TVS)保護ダイオード、発光ダイオード、金属半導体電界効果トランジスタ(MESFET)、接合型電界効果トランジスタ(JFET)、金属酸化膜半導体電界効果トランジスタ(MOSFET)、ショットキーソース/ドレインMOSFET、アバランシェ増倍型光電変換素子、固体撮像素子、太陽電池素子、光センサ素子、表示素子、抵抗変化メモリ等の半導体素子に用いることができる。特に、電力ロスなく電流を取り出せるため、パワー用途にも適している。半導体素子はショットキーバリアダイオード、ジャンクショントランジスタに用いることができる。上記の半導体素子、ショットキーバリアダイオード、ジャンクショントランジスタ等を用いた電子回路は、電気機器、電子機器、車両、動力機関等に用いることができる。
(ショットキーバリアダイオードの作製)
電気抵抗率3mΩcmのpドープn型単結晶Si基板(厚さ:250μm、直径:4インチ)をスパッタリング装置(キャノンアネルバ株式会社製:E-200S)に装着し、裏面電極としてTiを150nm成膜した。次に、基板を裏返して同スパッタリング装置に装着し、DC100W、Ar雰囲気下で、オーミック電極層としてMoを150nm成膜した。次に、この基板を直径0.3mmのエリアマクスとともにスパッタリング装置(株式会社ULVAC製:CS-200)にセットし、金属酸化物半導体層として表1に示す金属組成(原子比)の金属酸化物半導体を200nm成膜した。その際、表1に示すガスを表1に示す体積比率でスパッタリング装置内に導入した。この基板を取り出し、電気炉によって空気中300℃の条件で1時間アニールした。この基板を、再度、直径0.2mmのエリアマクスとともにスパッタリング装置(キャノンアネルバ株式会社製:E-200S)に装着した後、下記のようにショットキー電極層、還元抑制層、及びバッファー層を成膜した。ショットキー電極層は酸化パラジウムを20nm成膜した。成膜条件は、DC50W、ArとO2の混合ガス雰囲気、180秒とした。用いた金属元素の仕事関数を表1に示す。還元抑制層はPdを50nm成膜した。成膜条件は、DC50W、Ar雰囲気とした。バッファー電極層はAlを1μm成膜した。成膜条件は、DC50W、Ar雰囲気とした。
得られたショットキーバリアダイオードは、図13の積層体の裏面にTiが積層された示す構造である。
金属酸化物半導体層のフリーキャリア濃度は以下のように測定した。
ガラス基板に対し、上記のショットキーバリアダイオード作製工程のうち金属酸化物半導体層成膜工程までを通して行った。そして、基板をそれぞれ1cm角にカットし、4隅にIn電極を付けホール効果測定用の素子とした。当該素子について、室温にてホール効果測定装置(ACCENT製:HL-5500PC)を用いてホール効果測定を行い、得られたフリーキャリア量を金属酸化物半導体層の体積で規格化しフリーキャリア濃度とした。
金属酸化物半導体層のフリーキャリア濃度は5×1016cm-3であった。
ショットキー電極層のキャリア濃度は以下のように測定した。
ガラス基板に対し、上記のショットキーバリアダイオード作製工程のうちショットキー電極層成膜工程までを通して行った。そして、基板をそれぞれ1cm角にカットし、4隅にIn電極を付けホール効果測定用の素子とした。当該素子について、室温にてホール効果測定装置(ACCENT製:HL-5500PC)を用いてホール効果測定を行い、得られたキャリア量をショットキー電極の体積で規格化しキャリア濃度とした。
ショットキー電極層のキャリア濃度は1×1020cm-3であった。
(オン抵抗及びリーク電流の評価)
Agilent社製B1500を用いて、オン抵抗(Ron)及びリーク電流(Ir)を評価した。基板側をグラウンドに接続し、他のプローブをバッファー電極層側に接地して電圧を変化させて測定を行った。オン抵抗はショットキーバリアダイオードに1V印加した際の±0.2V間の微分抵抗(Ron=ΔV/ΔI)であり、リーク電流は印加電圧が-5Vの時の電流密度とした。
以下のようにして金属酸化物半導体層のバンドギャップを評価した。
基板に、上記のショットキーダイオード作製工程のうち金属酸化物半導体層成膜工程までを行い、得られた積層体を1cm角にカットした。室温にて、分光エリプソメトリー測定装置(ジェー・エー・ウーラム・ジャパン株式会社製:M-2000D)を用いて偏光の入射角度を基板に垂直方向から50°、60°、70°と変化させ、それぞれについて測定波長を192.3nm~1689nm、測定幅3.4nmとして測定を行った。得られたスペクトルψとΔに対し、各層毎に吸収モデルとしてDrude model、Tauc-Lorentz mode、Gaussian functione modelを置き、二乗誤差MSE=10以下になるまで最適化を行うことで、各光のエネルギーに対して吸収係数αを算出した。金属酸化物半導体層の吸収係数αのスペクトルを、光のエネルギー範囲2eV~5eVに対してα2をプロットし、直線を延長させたエネルギー軸との交点をバンドギャップとして算出した。
得られたショットキーバリアダイオードの金属酸化物半導体層の水素原子濃度を以下のようにして評価した。
四重極型二次イオン質量分析装置(アルバックファイ社製:D-SIMS)によって、Csイオン源1kV、一次イオン電流100nA、チャンバー真空度5×10-10torrの測定条件下で行った。金属酸化物半導体層の水素原子濃度は、上記測定によって得られた各深さのHの二次イオン強度を金属酸化物半導体層の膜厚で積分した強度に対し、水素濃度と膜厚が既知のIn-Ga-Zn-O薄膜を用いて強度を規格化して水素濃度の定量化を行い、得られた値を水素原子濃度とした。
ショットキー電極層及び還元抑制層の組成を表1に示すように変更した他は実施例1と同様にしてショットキーバリアダイオードを作製し、評価した。結果を表1に示す。
金属酸化物半導体層のフリーキャリア濃度は、いずれも5×1016cm-3であった。ショットキー電極層のキャリア濃度は、いずれも1×1020cm-3であった。
還元抑制層を設けなかった他は実施例1と同様にしてショットキーバリアダイオードを作製し、評価した。結果を表1に示す。
比較例1で得られたショットキーバリアダイオードは、オン抵抗Ronが50mΩcm2であり、リーク電流Irが2×100A/cm2であり、実施例1~4と比較していずれも高い値を示した。
ショットキー電極層と還元抑制層の組成を表2に記載の通りに変更した他は実施例1と同様にしてショットキーバリアダイオードを作製し、評価した。結果を表2に示す。
金属酸化物半導体層のフリーキャリア濃度は、いずれも5×1016cm-3であった。ショットキー電極層のキャリア濃度は、いずれも1×1020cm-3であった。
ショットキー電極層の膜厚を表3に記載の通りに変更した他は実施例1と同様にしてショットキーバリアダイオードを作製し、評価した。結果を表3に示す。
金属酸化物半導体層のフリーキャリア濃度は、いずれも5×1016cm-3であった。ショットキー電極層のキャリア濃度は、いずれも1×1020cm-3であった。
オーミック電極層の成膜条件をDC50Wとし、ショットキー電極層と還元抑制層の組成を表4に記載の通りに変更した他は実施例1と同様にしてショットキーバリアダイオードを作製し、評価した。結果を表4に示す。
金属酸化物半導体層のフリーキャリア濃度は、いずれも5×1016cm-3であった。ショットキー電極層のキャリア濃度は、いずれも1×1020cm-3であった。
基板を表5に示す半導体基板に変更した他は、実施例1と同様にしてショットキーバリアダイオードを作製した。
オン抵抗及びリーク電流の評価はオーミック電極側が露出している部分プローブを接地してグラウンドに接続し、他のプローブをバッファー電極層側に接地して電圧を変化させて測定を行った。その他の評価方法は実施例1と同様に行った。結果を表5に示す。
金属酸化物半導体層のフリーキャリア濃度は、いずれも5×1016cm-3であった。ショットキー電極層のキャリア濃度は、いずれも1×1020cm-3であった。
基板の表面ラフネスは、作製したショットキーバリアダイオードを断面TEM(透過電子顕微鏡)像とEDX(エネルギー分散型X線分光法)により観察して取得した。具体的に、EDXにて表5に示す各基板の構成元素が検出されたエリアを基板と定義し、さらに断面TEM像において基板とオーミック電極層のコントラストの違いから界面を定義した。膜厚と垂直方向に10μmのエリアの断面TEM像に対し、基板界面の凹凸に対し算術平均粗さRaを下記式(1)式から算出して表面ラフネス層の厚みと定義した。結果を表5に示す。
f(x):界面の凹凸を現す関数
基板の結晶性は、電子顕微鏡(JEOL社製:JEM-2800)によって得られた電子線回折像により評価した。電子線の照射エリアは基板断面に対し直径10nm以上の領域より回折像を取得した。回折像においてスポット形状が観察されたものを単結晶、リング形状に観察されたものを多結晶と判断した。結果を表5に示す。
基板を表6に示す絶縁性基板に変更した他は実施例15と同様にしてショットキーバリアダイオードを作製し、評価した。結果を表6に示す。
金属酸化物半導体層のフリーキャリア濃度は、いずれも5×1016cm-3であった。ショットキー電極層のキャリア濃度は、いずれも1×1020cm-3であった。
金属酸化物半導体層の成膜を、表7に示す金属組成比(原子比)の金属酸化物半導体とし、成膜時導入ガスを表7に記載のようにした他は実施例1と同様にしてショットキーバリアダイオードを作製し、評価した。結果を表7に示す。
金属酸化物半導体層のフリーキャリア濃度は、表7に示す通りであった。ショットキー電極層のキャリア濃度は、いずれも1×1020cm-3であった。
金属酸化物半導体層の成膜時導入ガスとその比率を表8に記載の通り変更した他は実施例1と同様にしてショットキーバリアダイオードを作製し、評価した。結果を表8に示す。
金属酸化物半導体層のフリーキャリア濃度は、表8に示す通りであった。ショットキー電極層のキャリア濃度は、いずれも1×1020cm-3であった。
実施例29、30の金属酸化物半導体層の水素原子濃度は4×1015cm-3、8×1016cm-3であった。実施例19、20で得られたショットキーバリアダイオードは、オン抵抗Ronが1mΩcm2未満であり、かつリーク電流Irが8×10-1A/cm2、5×10-2A/cm2であり、良好なダイオード特性を示した。
オーミック電極層の組成を表9に示すように変更した他は実施例1と同様にしてショットキーバリアダイオードを作製し、評価した。結果を表1に示す。
金属酸化物半導体層のフリーキャリア濃度は5×1016cm-3であった。
ショットキー電極層のキャリア濃度は1×1020cm-3であった。
本願のパリ優先の基礎となる日本出願明細書の内容を全てここに援用する。
Claims (18)
- 基板と、オーミック電極層と、金属酸化物半導体層と、ショットキー電極層と、バッファー電極層とをこの順に有し、
前記ショットキー電極層と前記バッファー電極層の間に還元抑制層を有する積層体。 - 前記還元抑制層が、Pd、Mo、Pt、Ir、Ru、Au、Ni、W、Cr、Re、Te、Tc、Mn、Os、Fe、Rh及びCoからなる群から選択される1種類以上の元素を含む請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 前記ショットキー電極層が、仕事関数が4.4eV以上である1種類以上の金属元素の酸化物を含む請求項1又は2に記載の積層体。
- 前記ショットキー電極層が、Pd、Mo、Pt、Ir、Ru、Ni、W、Cr、Re、Te、Tc、Mn、Os、Fe、Rh及びCoからなる群から選択される1以上の金属の酸化物を含む請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 前記基板が、導電性基板である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 前記基板が、絶縁性基板である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 前記基板が、半導体基板である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 前記基板と前記オーミック電極層の間に、電極層及び絶縁層からなる群から選択される1以上の層を含む層構造を有する請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 前記基板が、導電性のシリコン基板である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 前記金属酸化物半導体層が、In、Ga,Zn及びSnからなる群から選択される1種類以上の元素を含む請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 前記金属酸化物半導体層の水素原子濃度が1017個/cm3以上1022個/cm3以下である請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 前記金属酸化物半導体層の外縁が、前記オーミック電極層の外縁と同一であるか又は前記オーミック電極層の外縁の内側に位置し、前記オーミック電極層が前記金属酸化物半導体層の下面の全面に接する請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 前記ショットキー電極層の外縁が、前記金属酸化物半導体層の外縁と同一であるか又は前記金属酸化物半導体層の外縁の内側に位置する請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 請求項1~13のいずれかに記載の積層体を用いた半導体素子。
- 請求項14に記載の半導体素子を用いたショットキーバリアダイオード。
- 請求項14に記載の半導体素子を用いたジャンクショントランジスタ。
- 請求項14に記載の半導体素子、請求項15に記載のショットキーバリアダイオード、又は請求項16に記載のジャンクショントランジスタを用いた電子回路。
- 請求項17に記載の電子回路を用いた電気機器、電子機器、車両、又は動力機関。
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US20190013389A1 (en) | 2019-01-10 |
JP6749939B2 (ja) | 2020-09-02 |
KR102531224B1 (ko) | 2023-05-10 |
TWI726964B (zh) | 2021-05-11 |
CN108369964A (zh) | 2018-08-03 |
CN108369964B (zh) | 2021-09-10 |
TW201735357A (zh) | 2017-10-01 |
US10340356B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
KR20180099654A (ko) | 2018-09-05 |
JPWO2017111173A1 (ja) | 2018-10-18 |
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