WO2019013136A1 - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019013136A1 WO2019013136A1 PCT/JP2018/025767 JP2018025767W WO2019013136A1 WO 2019013136 A1 WO2019013136 A1 WO 2019013136A1 JP 2018025767 W JP2018025767 W JP 2018025767W WO 2019013136 A1 WO2019013136 A1 WO 2019013136A1
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- semiconductor
- barrier
- semiconductor device
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- electrode
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Classifications
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- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
- H01L29/0603—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions
- H01L29/0607—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration
- H01L29/0611—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices
- H01L29/0615—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices by the doping profile or the shape or the arrangement of the PN junction, or with supplementary regions, e.g. junction termination extension [JTE]
- H01L29/0619—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices by the doping profile or the shape or the arrangement of the PN junction, or with supplementary regions, e.g. junction termination extension [JTE] with a supplementary region doped oppositely to or in rectifying contact with the semiconductor containing or contacting region, e.g. guard rings with PN or Schottky junction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/86—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched
- H01L29/861—Diodes
- H01L29/872—Schottky diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/04—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their crystalline structure, e.g. polycrystalline, cubic or particular orientation of crystalline planes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
- H01L29/0603—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions
- H01L29/0607—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration
- H01L29/0611—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices
- H01L29/0615—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices by the doping profile or the shape or the arrangement of the PN junction, or with supplementary regions, e.g. junction termination extension [JTE]
- H01L29/0619—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices by the doping profile or the shape or the arrangement of the PN junction, or with supplementary regions, e.g. junction termination extension [JTE] with a supplementary region doped oppositely to or in rectifying contact with the semiconductor containing or contacting region, e.g. guard rings with PN or Schottky junction
- H01L29/0623—Buried supplementary region, e.g. buried guard ring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/24—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only semiconductor materials not provided for in groups H01L29/16, H01L29/18, H01L29/20, H01L29/22
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/43—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/47—Schottky barrier electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66969—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies not comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device useful as a power device or the like and a semiconductor system provided with the same.
- Patent Document 1 a metal having a small barrier height is disposed at the central portion on the semiconductor, and a Schottky contact between the metal and the semiconductor having a large barrier height is formed at the peripheral portion on the semiconductor to achieve reverse breakdown voltage. It is described to increase the size and further reduce the forward rise voltage.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a wide band gap semiconductor in which a Schottky electrode and an ohmic electrode made of the same metal are formed on a substrate. The device is described, and it is described that such a configuration can improve the resistance to thermal destruction when a high current such as a surge current flows in the forward direction.
- a high current such as a surge current flows in the forward direction.
- the electrode material also needs to be restricted.
- the barrier height changes depending on the temperature. There were problems, etc. and it was not always satisfactory. Therefore, a semiconductor device having a low rising voltage and excellent temperature stability has been desired.
- Patent Document 3 describes a semiconductor device in which a conductive guard ring and a main junction joined to a Schottky electrode are connected to each other through a short circuit portion. It is described that the concentration of the electric field is alleviated, which contributes to the improvement of the withstand voltage. However, even if a large number of guard rings are installed, they are short-circuited with the main joint, so that there is a problem that the withstand voltage is deteriorated.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device having excellent Schottky characteristics and semiconductor characteristics.
- the present inventors have found that in the semiconductor device provided with at least a semiconductor region and a barrier electrode provided on the semiconductor region, the semiconductor region and the barrier electrode The rising voltage is lowered by embedding a plurality of barrier height adjusting regions, in which the barrier height with the barrier electrode is larger than the barrier height at the interface between the semiconductor region and the barrier electrode, between the semiconductor region and the barrier electrode. It has been found that the characteristics can be made excellent and the breakdown voltage can be made more excellent, and it has been found that such a semiconductor device can solve the above-mentioned conventional problems at once. In addition, after obtaining the above-mentioned findings, the present inventors repeated studies to complete the present invention.
- a semiconductor device comprising at least a semiconductor region and a barrier electrode provided on the semiconductor region, wherein the semiconductor region and the barrier electrode are provided between the semiconductor region and the barrier electrode. And a plurality of barrier height adjusting regions are provided on the surface of the semiconductor region, wherein a barrier height adjusting region is provided such that a barrier height with the barrier electrode is larger than a barrier height at an interface of the semiconductor device.
- a semiconductor device comprising at least a semiconductor region and a barrier electrode provided on the semiconductor region, wherein the semiconductor region and the barrier electrode are provided between the semiconductor region and the barrier electrode. And a plurality of barrier height adjusting regions are embedded in a surface of the semiconductor region.
- the barrier height adjustment region contains a p-type oxide semiconductor as a main component.
- the barrier height adjustment region contains a p-type oxide semiconductor having a corundum structure or a hexagonal crystal structure as a main component.
- a semiconductor system comprising a semiconductor device, wherein the semiconductor device is the semiconductor device according to any one of the above [1] to [16].
- the semiconductor device of the present invention is excellent in Schottky characteristics and semiconductor characteristics.
- JBS junction barrier Schottky diode
- mode of the junction barrier Schottky diode (JBS) of this invention It is a figure which shows typically the suitable one aspect
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows typically a suitable example of the power supply circuit diagram of a power supply device. It is a schematic block diagram of the film-forming apparatus (mist CVD apparatus) used in the reference example. It is a figure which shows IV measurement result in a reference example, (a) shows a forward direction measurement result, (b) shows a reverse direction measurement result. It is a figure which shows typically the suitable one aspect
- JBS junction barrier Schottky diode
- JBS junction barrier Schottky diode
- mode of the junction barrier Schottky diode (JBS) of this invention It is a figure which shows typically the suitable one aspect
- the semiconductor device of the present invention is a semiconductor device including at least a semiconductor region and a barrier electrode provided on the semiconductor region, wherein the semiconductor region is provided between the semiconductor region and the barrier electrode.
- a barrier height adjusting region is provided in which a barrier height with the barrier electrode is larger than a barrier height at the interface with the barrier electrode, and a plurality of the barrier height adjusting regions are provided on the surface of the semiconductor region.
- a semiconductor device of the present invention is a semiconductor device including at least a semiconductor region and a barrier electrode provided on the semiconductor region, wherein the semiconductor is located between the semiconductor region and the barrier electrode.
- a barrier height adjusting region is provided in which the barrier height with the barrier electrode is larger than the barrier height at the interface between the region and the barrier electrode, and a plurality of the barrier height adjusting regions are embedded in the surface of the semiconductor region. .
- the barrier height adjusting region protrudes into the barrier electrode, and the barrier height adjusting region is embedded in the surface of the semiconductor region and further protrudes into the barrier electrode. preferable.
- the concentration of the electric field can be further suppressed and the contact resistance can be further reduced.
- the barrier electrode is not particularly limited as long as it forms a Schottky barrier having a predetermined barrier height at the interface with the semiconductor region.
- the electrode material of the barrier electrode is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as a barrier electrode, and may be a conductive inorganic material or a conductive organic material.
- the electrode material is preferably a metal.
- the metal is not particularly limited, but preferably includes, for example, at least one metal selected from Groups 4 to 11 of the periodic table. Examples of the metal of Group 4 of the periodic table include titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf) and the like, among which Ti is preferable.
- metal of periodic table group 5 for example, vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta) and the like can be mentioned.
- the metal of Group 6 of the periodic table include one or more metals selected from chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W) and the like, but in the present invention, Cr is preferable because semiconductor characteristics such as switching characteristics are further improved.
- Cr is preferable because semiconductor characteristics such as switching characteristics are further improved.
- metal of periodic table group 7 for example, manganese (Mn), technetium (Tc), rhenium (Re) and the like can be mentioned.
- the metal of Group 8 of the periodic table include iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os) and the like.
- Examples of the metal of Group 9 of the periodic table include cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir) and the like.
- a metal of periodic table group 10 for example, nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt) and the like can be mentioned, among which Pt is preferable.
- a metal of periodic table 11 group copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au) etc. are mentioned, for example.
- Examples of means for forming the barrier electrode include, for example, known means, and more specifically, for example, a dry method, a wet method, and the like. Examples of the dry method include known means such as sputtering, vacuum evaporation, and CVD. Examples of the wet method include screen printing and die coating.
- the semiconductor region is not particularly limited as long as it contains a semiconductor as a main component, but in the present invention, the semiconductor region preferably contains a crystalline oxide semiconductor as a main component, and an n-type semiconductor as a main component.
- the n-type semiconductor region is more preferably included.
- the crystalline oxide semiconductor preferably has a ⁇ -Galia structure or a corundum structure, and more preferably a corundum structure.
- the semiconductor region preferably contains a gallium compound as a main component, more preferably an InAlGaO-based semiconductor, and most preferably ⁇ -Ga 2 O 3 or a mixed crystal thereof. .
- main component means, for example, when the crystalline oxide semiconductor is ⁇ -Ga 2 O 3 , the atomic ratio of gallium in the metal element in the semiconductor region is 0.5 or more, and the ratio is ⁇ -Ga. That is fine if 2 O 3 is included.
- the atomic ratio of gallium in the metal element in the semiconductor region is preferably 0.7 or more, more preferably 0.8 or more.
- the semiconductor region is usually a single phase region, but may have a second semiconductor region composed of a different semiconductor phase or another phase as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- the semiconductor region is usually in the form of a film, and may be a semiconductor film.
- the thickness of the semiconductor film in the semiconductor region is not particularly limited, and may be 1 ⁇ m or less, or 1 ⁇ m or more, but in the present invention, it is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m, and 1 ⁇ m to More preferably, it is 25 ⁇ m.
- Surface area of the semiconductor film is not particularly limited, and may be 1 mm 2 or more, may be 1 mm 2 or less.
- the crystalline oxide semiconductor is usually single crystal, it may be polycrystalline.
- the semiconductor film may be a single layer film or a multilayer film.
- the multilayer film preferably has a thickness of 40 ⁇ m or less, and is a multilayer film including at least a first semiconductor layer and a second semiconductor layer, In the case where a Schottky electrode is provided on the first semiconductor layer, it is also preferable that the multilayer film has a carrier concentration of the first semiconductor layer smaller than that of the second semiconductor layer.
- the second semiconductor layer usually contains a dopant, and the carrier concentration of the semiconductor layer can be appropriately set by adjusting the doping amount.
- the semiconductor film preferably contains a dopant.
- the dopant is not particularly limited, and may be known. Examples of the dopant include n-type dopants such as tin, germanium, silicon, titanium, zirconium, vanadium or niobium, and p-type dopants. In the present invention, the dopant is preferably Sn, Ge or Si.
- the content of the dopant in the composition of the semiconductor film is preferably 0.00001 at% or more, more preferably 0.00001 at% to 20 at%, and 0.00001 at% to 10 at% Is most preferred.
- the dopant used in the first semiconductor layer is germanium, silicon, titanium, zirconium, vanadium or niobium, and the dopant used in the second semiconductor layer is tin. It is preferable because the semiconductor characteristics are further improved without loss.
- the semiconductor film is formed, for example, by means of a mist CVD method, and more specifically, for example, the raw material solution is atomized or formed into droplets (atomization / droplet formation step), the obtained mist or liquid
- the droplet is transported by carrier gas onto the substrate (transporting step), and then the mist or droplet is thermally reacted in the film forming chamber to form a semiconductor film containing a crystalline oxide semiconductor as a main component on the substrate. It is suitably formed by laminating (film forming process).
- the raw material solution is atomized or formed into droplets.
- the means for atomizing or dropletizing the raw material solution is not particularly limited as long as it can atomize or drop the raw material solution, and may be a known means, but in the present invention, ultrasonic waves are used.
- the atomizing means or dropletizing means used is preferred.
- the mist or droplet obtained by using ultrasonic waves is preferable because it has an initial velocity of zero and floats in the air, and for example, it is possible to float in a space and carry it as a gas rather than spraying it like a spray. As it is a possible mist, it is very suitable because it is not damaged by collision energy.
- the droplet size is not particularly limited, and may be about several mm, but preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 100 nm to 10 ⁇ m.
- the raw material solution is not particularly limited as long as it can be atomized or formed into droplets, and contains a raw material capable of forming a semiconductor region, and may be an inorganic material or an organic material.
- the raw material is preferably a metal or a metal compound, and gallium, iron, indium, aluminum, vanadium, titanium, chromium, rhodium, nickel, cobalt, zinc, magnesium, calcium, silicon, yttrium, strontium and the like More preferably, it contains one or more metals selected from barium.
- the raw material solution one in which the metal is dissolved or dispersed in the form of a complex or a salt in an organic solvent or water can be suitably used.
- the form of the complex include acetylacetonato complex, carbonyl complex, ammine complex, hydride complex and the like.
- the salt form include organic metal salts (eg, metal acetates, metal oxalates, metal citrates, etc.), metal sulfides, metal nitrates, metal phosphates, metal halides (eg metal chlorides) Salts, metal bromide salts, metal iodide salts and the like) and the like.
- hydrohalic acid examples include hydrobromic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydroiodic acid and the like, among which hydrobromic acid or hydroiodic acid because a better film can be obtained.
- oxidizing agent examples include hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), sodium peroxide (Na 2 O 2 ), barium peroxide (BaO 2 ), benzoyl peroxide (C 6 H 5 CO) 2 O 2 and the like.
- the raw material solution may contain a dopant. Doping can be favorably performed by including the dopant in the raw material solution.
- the dopant is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- Examples of the dopant include n-type dopants such as tin, germanium, silicon, titanium, zirconium, vanadium or niobium, and p-type dopants.
- the concentration of the dopant may generally be about 1 ⁇ 10 16 / cm 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 22 / cm 3 , and the concentration of the dopant may be low, for example, about 1 ⁇ 10 17 / cm 3 or less. May be Furthermore, according to the present invention, the dopant may be contained at a high concentration of about 1 ⁇ 10 20 / cm 3 or more. In the present invention, the carrier concentration is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 17 / cm 3 or more.
- the solvent of the raw material solution is not particularly limited, and may be an inorganic solvent such as water, an organic solvent such as alcohol, or a mixed solvent of an inorganic solvent and an organic solvent.
- the solvent preferably contains water, and more preferably water or a mixed solvent of water and an alcohol.
- the mist or the droplets are transferred into the film forming chamber with a carrier gas.
- the carrier gas is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- oxygen, ozone, an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon, or a reducing gas such as hydrogen gas or a forming gas is preferable. It can be mentioned.
- one kind of carrier gas may be used, two or more kinds may be used, and a dilution gas with a reduced flow rate (for example, 10-fold dilution gas etc.) is further used as a second carrier gas. It is also good.
- the carrier gas may be supplied not only to one place, but also to two or more places.
- the flow rate of the carrier gas is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 to 20 L / min, and more preferably 1 to 10 L / min.
- the flow rate of the dilution gas is preferably 0.001 to 2 L / min and more preferably 0.1 to 1 L / min.
- the semiconductor film is formed on the substrate by thermally reacting the mist or the droplets in the film forming chamber.
- the thermal reaction may be any reaction as long as the mist or the droplets react with heat, and the reaction conditions are not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- the thermal reaction is usually carried out at a temperature higher than the evaporation temperature of the solvent, preferably not higher than the temperature (eg 1000 ° C.), more preferably 650 ° C. or less, most preferably 300 ° C. to 650 ° C. preferable.
- the thermal reaction may be carried out under any atmosphere of vacuum, non-oxygen atmosphere, reducing gas atmosphere and oxygen atmosphere, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. It is preferred to be carried out under an atmosphere. Moreover, although it may be performed under any pressure of atmospheric pressure, under pressure and under reduced pressure, in the present invention, it is preferable to carry out under atmospheric pressure. Note that the film thickness can be set by adjusting the film formation time.
- the substrate is not particularly limited as long as it can support the semiconductor film.
- the material of the substrate is also not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired, and the substrate may be a known substrate, may be an organic compound, or may be an inorganic compound.
- the shape of the substrate may be any shape, and is effective for any shape, for example, plate-like such as flat plate or disc, fiber-like, rod-like, cylindrical, prismatic, Although cylindrical shape, helical shape, spherical shape, ring shape etc. are mentioned, a substrate is preferable in the present invention.
- the thickness of the substrate is not particularly limited in the present invention.
- the substrate is not particularly limited as long as it has a plate shape and serves as a support of the semiconductor film.
- the substrate may be an insulator substrate, a semiconductor substrate, a metal substrate or a conductive substrate, but it is preferable that the substrate is an insulator substrate, and that a metal is used on the surface. It is also preferred that it is a substrate having a film.
- the substrate includes, for example, a base substrate containing a substrate material having a corundum structure as a main component, a base substrate containing a substrate material having a ⁇ -gallia structure as a main component, and a substrate material having a hexagonal crystal structure as a main component
- An underlying substrate may, for example, be mentioned.
- main component means that the substrate material having the above-mentioned specific crystal structure is, in atomic ratio, preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, still more preferably 90% to all components of the substrate material. % Or more is included, and may be 100%.
- the substrate material is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired, and may be known.
- the substrate material having a corundum structure of the for example, ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 (sapphire substrate) or ⁇ -Ga 2 O 3 is preferably mentioned, a plane sapphire substrate, m-plane sapphire substrate, r-plane sapphire substrate And c-plane sapphire substrates, ⁇ -type gallium oxide substrates (a-plane, m-plane or r-plane) and the like are more preferable examples.
- a base substrate having a substrate material having a ⁇ -gallia structure as a main component for example, a ⁇ -Ga 2 O 3 substrate or containing Ga 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 and containing Al 2 O 3 in an amount of more than 0 wt%
- a mixed crystal substrate having 60 wt% or less and the like can be mentioned.
- a base substrate which has a substrate material which has a hexagonal crystal structure as a main component a SiC substrate, a ZnO substrate, a GaN substrate etc. are mentioned, for example.
- an annealing treatment may be performed after the film forming step.
- the treatment temperature for annealing is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired, and is usually 300 ° C. to 650 ° C., preferably 350 ° C. to 550 ° C.
- the annealing treatment time is usually 1 minute to 48 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 24 hours, and more preferably 30 minutes to 12 hours.
- the annealing treatment may be performed under any atmosphere as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired, but preferably under non-oxygen atmosphere, more preferably under nitrogen atmosphere.
- the semiconductor film may be provided directly on the substrate, or the semiconductor film may be provided through another layer such as a buffer layer (buffer layer) or a stress relaxation layer.
- a buffer layer buffer layer
- a stress relaxation layer a layer such as a stress relaxation layer.
- the means for forming each layer is not particularly limited and may be a known means, but in the present invention, the mist CVD method is preferable.
- the semiconductor film may be used as a semiconductor region in a semiconductor device or may be used as a semiconductor region as it is in a semiconductor device after using a known means such as peeling off the substrate or the like. Good.
- the barrier height adjusting region is not particularly limited as long as the barrier height with the barrier electrode or the semiconductor region is larger than the barrier height at the interface between the semiconductor region and the barrier electrode.
- the barrier height adjustment region generally contains a conductive material whose barrier height with the barrier electrode or the semiconductor region is larger than the barrier height at the interface between the semiconductor region and the barrier electrode.
- the term "main component" means that the conductive material is contained in an atomic ratio of preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, still more preferably 90% or more based on all components of the barrier height adjusting region. May be 100%.
- the conductive material is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired, but is preferably a metal oxide or a metal.
- the metal oxide examples include those exemplified as the main component of the semiconductor region.
- the metal examples include those exemplified as the barrier electrode.
- the adjustment of the barrier height may be performed by controlling oxygen concentration, impurity concentration, interface state density, termination structure, crystal structure or surface asperity, or modulating work function or electron affinity using known means. You may go by.
- the barrier height adjusting region preferably contains a p-type semiconductor as a main component.
- the p-type semiconductor include crystalline oxide semiconductors that are p-type doped using p-type dopants (preferably, Mg, Zn, Ca).
- the p-type semiconductor preferably has a corundum structure or a hexagonal crystal structure, and more preferably a corundum structure.
- the p-type semiconductor is preferably an oxide semiconductor containing gallium, more preferably an InAlGaO-based semiconductor as a main component, and mainly ⁇ -Ga 2 O 3 or a mixed crystal thereof. It is most preferable to include as a component.
- the p-type semiconductor suitably used for the barrier height adjusting layer can be obtained, for example, by a mist CVD method by adding a p-type dopant and hydrobromic acid to a raw material solution containing a metal.
- each means, and each condition it may be the same as that of the above-mentioned atomization * droplet formation process, a conveyance process, a film-forming process, each means, each condition etc.
- the barrier height of the Schottky barrier between the barrier height adjusting layer and the barrier electrode is preferably adjusted to 1 eV or more.
- semiconductor characteristics for example, switching characteristics etc.
- the number of barrier height adjusting regions is not particularly limited as long as it is two or more. In the present invention, when the number of barrier height adjusting regions is three or more, the barrier height can be adjusted more effectively, and the semiconductor characteristics of the semiconductor device can be further improved. Preferably, it is 4 or more.
- the means for forming the barrier height adjusting region is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired, and may be a known means.
- a means may be provided in which a plurality of trenches are provided in the surface of the semiconductor region on the side of the interface with the barrier electrode, and then a film made of the main component of the barrier height adjusting region is formed in the trenches.
- surface modification is performed on a partial region of the semiconductor region using known surface treatment means such as dry etching, wet etching, plasma treatment, ultraviolet light treatment, heat treatment, or surface treatment with an organic solvent or organic acid or the like
- a heat treatment for example, electron beam annealing, laser annealing or the like
- an ultraviolet light treatment may be performed on the partial region after or at the time of interface formation to form a barrier height adjustment region.
- the above-described means may be combined to form a barrier height adjustment region.
- implementation of the formation means of these barrier height adjustment area may be performed in a vacuum atmosphere, may be performed in air
- the semiconductor device of the present invention generally includes an ohmic electrode.
- the ohmic electrode may be a known electrode material, and is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- the ohmic electrode contains a metal of Group 4 or Group 11 of the periodic table.
- the metal of periodic table group 4 or 11 used for the ohmic electrode may be similar to the metal contained in the Schottky electrode.
- the ohmic electrode may be a single layer metal layer, or may include two or more metal layers. It does not specifically limit as a formation means of an ohmic electrode, For example, well-known means, such as a vacuum evaporation method and sputtering method, etc. are mentioned.
- the metal that constitutes the ohmic electrode may be an alloy.
- the ohmic electrode preferably contains Ti or / and Au.
- FIG. 1 shows a junction barrier Schottky diode (JBS) which is one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
- the semiconductor device of FIG. 1 includes a semiconductor region 3 and a barrier electrode 2 provided on the semiconductor region and capable of forming a Schottky barrier between the semiconductor region, and the barrier electrode 2 and the semiconductor region 3. And a barrier height adjusting layer capable of forming a Schottky barrier having a barrier height larger than the barrier height of the Schottky barrier of the barrier electrode 2 between the semiconductor region 3 and the semiconductor region 3.
- the barrier height adjustment layer 1 is embedded in the semiconductor region 3.
- barrier height adjusting layers be provided at regular intervals, and it is more preferable that the barrier height adjusting regions be provided between both ends of the barrier electrode and the semiconductor region.
- the JBS is configured to be excellent in thermal stability and adhesion, to further reduce the leak current, and further to be excellent in semiconductor characteristics such as withstand voltage.
- the semiconductor device of FIG. 1 includes the ohmic electrode 4 on the semiconductor region 3.
- each layer of the semiconductor device of FIG. 1 is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not hindered, and may be a known means. For example, after forming a film by a vacuum evaporation method, a CVD method, a sputtering method, various coating techniques and the like, a means for patterning by a photolithography method, and a means for direct patterning using a printing technique and the like can be mentioned.
- FIG. 2A shows a stacked body in which the ohmic electrode 4 is stacked on the semiconductor substrate as the semiconductor region 3 and a plurality of trenches are formed on the opposite surface.
- the barrier height adjustment layer 1 is formed in the trench of the semiconductor region 3 as shown in FIG. 2B by using the photolithography method for the stacked body of FIG. 2A.
- the barrier electrode 2 is formed on the barrier height adjusting layer 1 and the semiconductor region 3 by the above-mentioned dry method (preferably vacuum evaporation method or sputtering) or the above-mentioned wet method.
- the laminated body shown in FIG. 2C has a structure in which the barrier height adjusting layer 1 is embedded in the semiconductor region 3 and thus is particularly excellent in withstand voltage.
- FIG. 3 shows a junction barrier Schottky diode (JBS) which is one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
- the semiconductor device of FIG. 3 differs from the semiconductor device of FIG. 1 in that a guard ring 5 is provided at the outer peripheral portion of the barrier electrode. With such a configuration, it is possible to obtain a semiconductor device that is further excellent in semiconductor characteristics such as withstand voltage. In the present invention, the breakdown voltage can be more effectively improved by embedding a part of the guard ring 5 on the surface of the semiconductor region 3. Furthermore, by using a metal having a high barrier height for the guard ring, the guard ring can be industrially advantageously provided in combination with the formation of the barrier electrode, without significantly affecting the semiconductor region and without deteriorating the on-resistance. Can be formed.
- JBS junction barrier Schottky diode
- a material having a high barrier height is used for the guard ring.
- the material used for the guard ring include a conductive material having a barrier height of 1 eV or more, and may be the same as the electrode material.
- the material used for the guard ring has a high degree of freedom in design of the pressure-resistant structure, can provide many guard rings, and can flexibly make the pressure resistance better, so Preferably there.
- the shape of the guard ring is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a square shape, a circular shape, a U shape, an L shape, and a strip shape. In the present invention, a square shape or a circular shape is preferable.
- the number of guard rings is also not particularly limited, but is preferably three or more, and more preferably six or more.
- FIG. 4A shows a stacked body in which the ohmic electrode 4 is stacked on the semiconductor substrate as the semiconductor region 3 and a plurality of trenches are formed on the opposite surface. Then, after the barrier height adjustment region 1 is formed on the semiconductor region 3 as shown in FIG. 4 (b) by the photolithographic method for the stacked body of FIG. 4 (a), the semiconductor as shown in FIG. 4 (c) The area 3 surface is exposed. In the laminated body of FIGS. 4B and 4C, a barrier height adjusting region 1, a semiconductor region 3 and an ohmic electrode 4 are laminated. After the laminate of FIG.
- the barrier electrode 2 is formed on the barrier height adjusting layer 1 and the semiconductor region 3 by the above-mentioned dry method (preferably vacuum evaporation or sputtering) or the above-mentioned wet method.
- a laminate of 4 (d) is obtained.
- the laminated body shown in FIG. 4D is etched using a photolithography method, and as shown in FIG. 5E, a part of the barrier electrode 2 and a part of the semiconductor region 3 are removed.
- a guard ring 5 is formed on the semiconductor region 3 exposed on the surface by the dry method (preferably vacuum evaporation or sputtering) or the wet method, etc.
- the laminate of FIG. 5 (f) is obtained.
- the guard ring 5, the barrier electrode 2, the barrier height adjusting layer 1, the semiconductor region 3 and the ohmic electrode 4 are laminated.
- the barrier height adjustment layer 1 is embedded in the semiconductor region 3 and further includes the guard ring 5 of the embedded structure in the peripheral portion of the semiconductor region 3, so that the laminated body of FIG. ing.
- the guard ring 5 is finally formed, but in the present invention, it is also preferable to form the guard ring 5 before forming the barrier electrode 2, and by forming in this way, the electrode is formed The influence of metal can be suppressed.
- FIG. 11 shows a junction barrier Schottky diode (JBS) which is one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
- the semiconductor device of FIG. 11 includes a semiconductor region 3 and a barrier electrode 2 provided on the semiconductor region and capable of forming a Schottky barrier between the semiconductor region, and the barrier electrode 2 and the semiconductor region 3.
- a barrier height adjusting layer capable of forming a Schottky barrier having a barrier height larger than the barrier height of the Schottky barrier of the barrier electrode 2 between the semiconductor region 3 and the semiconductor region 3.
- the barrier height adjusting layer 1 is embedded in the semiconductor region 3 and protrudes from the semiconductor region 3 into the barrier electrode 2.
- barrier height adjusting layers be provided at regular intervals, and it is more preferable that the barrier height adjusting regions be provided between both ends of the barrier electrode and the semiconductor region.
- JBS is more excellent in thermal stability and adhesion, leakage current is further reduced, electric field concentration is further suppressed, and semiconductor characteristics such as reduction in contact resistance are further improved.
- the semiconductor device of FIG. 11 includes the ohmic electrode 4 on the semiconductor region 3 opposite to the barrier electrode 2 side.
- each layer of the semiconductor device of FIG. 11 there may be mentioned means for forming each layer described above.
- FIG. 12A shows a semiconductor substrate as the semiconductor region 3 in which a plurality of trenches are formed on the surface. Then, a gallium-containing p-type oxide semiconductor is formed as a barrier height adjusting layer 1 on the semiconductor substrate of FIG. 12A by mist CVD to obtain a laminate shown in FIG. 12B. The laminate obtained is subjected to etching using a photolithography method to remove unnecessary portions, and the laminate shown in FIG. 12C is obtained. After the laminate of FIG.
- the barrier electrode 2 is formed on the barrier height adjusting layer 1 and the semiconductor region 3 by the above-mentioned dry method (preferably vacuum evaporation or sputtering) or the above-mentioned wet method.
- a laminate of 12 (d) is obtained.
- the barrier height adjusting layer 1 is embedded in the semiconductor region 3 and has a structure projecting into the barrier electrode 2. Therefore, the electric field concentration is suppressed and the contact resistance is reduced.
- the present invention is useful for a semiconductor device which can be lowered and, in particular, excellent in withstand voltage.
- FIG. 13 shows a junction barrier Schottky diode (JBS) which is one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
- the semiconductor device of FIG. 13 includes a semiconductor region 3 and a barrier electrode 2 provided on the semiconductor region and capable of forming a Schottky barrier between the semiconductor region, and the barrier electrode 2 and the semiconductor region 3. And a barrier height adjusting layer capable of forming a Schottky barrier having a barrier height larger than the barrier height of the Schottky barrier of the barrier electrode 2 between the semiconductor region 3 and the semiconductor region 3.
- the barrier height adjustment layer 1 is stacked on the semiconductor region 3 and protrudes into the barrier electrode 2.
- barrier height adjusting layers be provided at regular intervals, and it is more preferable that the barrier height adjusting regions be provided between both ends of the barrier electrode and the semiconductor region.
- JBS is more excellent in thermal stability and adhesion, leakage current is further reduced, electric field concentration is further suppressed, and semiconductor characteristics such as reduction in contact resistance are further improved.
- the semiconductor device of FIG. 13 includes the ohmic electrode 4 on the semiconductor region 3 opposite to the barrier electrode 2 side.
- each layer of the semiconductor device of FIG. 13 there may be mentioned means for forming each layer described above, and the like.
- FIG. 12A shows a semiconductor substrate as the semiconductor region 3.
- a p-type oxide semiconductor containing gallium is formed as a barrier height adjusting layer 1 on the semiconductor substrate of FIG. 14 (a) by mist CVD to obtain a laminate shown in FIG. 14 (b).
- the laminate obtained is subjected to etching using a photolithographic method to remove an unnecessary part, and the laminate shown in FIG. 14C is obtained.
- the barrier electrode 2 is formed on the barrier height adjusting layer 1 and the semiconductor region 3 by the above-mentioned dry method (preferably vacuum evaporation or sputtering) or the above-mentioned wet method Obtain a laminate of 14 (d).
- the barrier height adjusting layer 1 is embedded in the semiconductor region 3 and has a structure projecting into the barrier electrode 2. Therefore, the electric field concentration is suppressed and the contact resistance is reduced.
- the present invention is useful for a semiconductor device which can be lowered and, in particular, excellent in withstand voltage.
- FIG. 15 shows a junction barrier Schottky diode (JBS) which is one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
- the semiconductor device of FIG. 15 differs from the semiconductor device of FIG. 11 in that a guard ring 5 is provided at the outer peripheral portion of the barrier electrode. With such a configuration, it is possible to obtain a semiconductor device that is further excellent in semiconductor characteristics such as withstand voltage.
- the breakdown voltage can be more effectively improved by embedding a part of the guard ring 5 on the surface of the semiconductor region 3.
- the guard ring can be industrially advantageously provided in combination with the formation of the barrier electrode, without significantly affecting the semiconductor region and without deteriorating the on-resistance. Can be formed.
- FIG. 16 shows a junction barrier Schottky diode (JBS) which is one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
- the semiconductor device of FIG. 16 differs from the semiconductor device of FIG. 13 in that a guard ring 5 is provided at the outer peripheral portion of the barrier electrode. With such a configuration, it is possible to obtain a semiconductor device that is further excellent in semiconductor characteristics such as withstand voltage.
- the breakdown voltage can be more effectively improved by embedding a part of the guard ring 5 on the surface of the semiconductor region 3.
- the guard ring can be industrially advantageously provided in combination with the formation of the barrier electrode, without significantly affecting the semiconductor region and without deteriorating the on-resistance. Can be formed.
- the semiconductor device is particularly useful for power devices.
- Examples of the semiconductor device include, for example, a diode or a transistor (for example, MESFET or the like). Among them, a diode is preferable, and a junction barrier Schottky diode (JBS) is more preferable.
- JBS junction barrier Schottky diode
- the semiconductor device according to the present invention is suitably used as a power module, an inverter or a converter by further using known means, in addition to the above-mentioned matters, and further suitably used for a semiconductor system using a power supply device, for example. .
- the power supply device can be manufactured from the semiconductor device or as the semiconductor device by connecting to a wiring pattern or the like using a known means.
- An example of a power supply system is shown in FIG.
- a power supply system is configured using a plurality of the power supply devices and a control circuit.
- the power supply system can be used in a system device in combination with an electronic circuit as shown in FIG.
- An example of a power supply circuit diagram of the power supply device is shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 8 shows a power supply circuit of a power supply device including a power circuit and a control circuit.
- the mist CVD apparatus 19 used in the reference example will be described with reference to FIG.
- the mist CVD apparatus 19 comprises a susceptor 21 for mounting the substrate 20, a carrier gas supply means 22a for supplying a carrier gas, and a flow rate control valve 23a for adjusting the flow rate of the carrier gas delivered from the carrier gas supply means 22a.
- the susceptor 21 is made of quartz, and the surface on which the substrate 20 is placed is inclined from the horizontal surface.
- the ultrasonic transducer 26 was vibrated at 2.4 MHz, and the vibration was propagated to the raw material solution 24 a through the water 25 a to atomize the raw material solution 24 a to generate mist.
- the mist was introduced into the film forming chamber 27 by the carrier gas, and the mist reacted in the film forming chamber 27 at 510 ° C. under atmospheric pressure, whereby a semiconductor film was formed on the substrate 20.
- the film thickness was 2.5 ⁇ m, and the film formation time was 180 minutes.
- n + -type Semiconductor Layer 1.5% by volume ratio of hydrochloric acid and 0.2% of tin chloride are contained in a 0.05 M aqueous solution of gallium acetylacetonate, respectively, and the solution is used as a raw material solution except that it is used as a raw material solution.
- a semiconductor film was formed on the n ⁇ -type semiconductor layer obtained in the above. The film obtained was subjected to film phase identification using an XRD diffractometer, and the obtained film was ⁇ -Ga 2 O 3 .
- Ohmic Electrode Formation of Ohmic Electrode A Ti layer and an Au layer were respectively deposited by electron beam evaporation on the n + -type semiconductor layer. The thickness of the Ti layer was 35 nm, and the thickness of the Au layer was 175 nm.
- a Pt layer was laminated on the n ⁇ -type semiconductor layer by electron beam evaporation. Then, annealing was performed at 400 ° C. for 30 seconds in a nitrogen atmosphere using a high-speed annealing apparatus (RTA) to form an annealed Pt layer. Further, a Pt layer which was subjected to photolithography and etching and was not annealed was also formed.
- RTA high-speed annealing apparatus
- Reference example 2 Adjustment of barrier height by p type semiconductor
- Reference Example 2 the adjustment of the barrier height by the p-type semiconductor was evaluated.
- 2-1 Formation of p-type semiconductor layer
- a sapphire substrate having an n + -type semiconductor layer formed using mist CVD on the surface was used, and gallium bromide and magnesium bromide were mixed in ultrapure water as a raw material solution.
- the aqueous solution is adjusted so that the atomic ratio of magnesium to gallium is 1: 0.01 and 0.1 mol / L of gallium bromide, and in this case, the one containing 20% by volume of hydrohalic acid What was used, except that the flow rate of the carrier gas was 1 L / min, the flow rate of the carrier gas (dilution) was 1 L / min, the deposition temperature was 520 ° C., and the deposition time was 60 minutes Above, 1-1.
- a semiconductor film was formed in the same manner as in the above. The resulting per film, using an XRD diffractometer, was subjected to identification of the membrane phase, a film obtained using hydrobromic acid as hydrohalic acid was ⁇ -Ga 2 0 3.
- the semiconductor device of the present invention can be used in all fields such as semiconductors (for example, compound semiconductor electronic devices etc.), electronic parts / electrical equipment parts, optical / electrophotographic related devices, industrial parts, etc., and is particularly useful for power devices is there.
- mist CVD apparatus 20 substrate 21 susceptor 22a carrier gas supply means 22b carrier gas (dilution) supply means 23a flow control valve 23b flow control valve 24 mist generation source 24a Raw material solution 25 Container 25a Water 26 Ultrasonic transducer 27 Supply tube 28 Heater 29 Exhaust port
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1には、半導体上の中央部に、バリアハイトが小さくなる金属を配置し、半導体上の周辺部に、バリアハイトが大きくなる金属と半導体とのショットキーコンタクトを形成して、逆方向耐圧を大きくし、さらに順方向立ち上がり電圧を小さくすることが記載されている。
また、本発明者らは、上記知見を得た後、さらに検討を重ねて本発明を完成させるに至った。
[1] 半導体領域と、該半導体領域上に設けられているバリア電極とを少なくとも備えている半導体装置であって、前記半導体領域と前記バリア電極との間に、前記半導体領域と前記バリア電極との界面におけるバリアハイトよりも前記バリア電極とのバリアハイトが大きくなるバリアハイト調整領域が設けられており、前記バリアハイト調整領域が前記半導体領域表面に複数設けられていることを特徴とする半導体装置。
[2] 半導体領域と、該半導体領域上に設けられているバリア電極とを少なくとも備えている半導体装置であって、前記半導体領域と前記バリア電極との間に、前記半導体領域と前記バリア電極との界面におけるバリアハイトよりも前記バリア電極とのバリアハイトが大きくなるバリアハイト調整領域が設けられており、前記バリアハイト調整領域が前記半導体領域表面に複数埋め込まれていることを特徴とする半導体装置。
[3] 前記バリア電極の両端と前記半導体領域との間に、前記バリアハイト調整領域がそれぞれ設けられている前記[1]記載の半導体装置。
[4] 前記バリアハイト調整領域が前記バリア電極内に突出している前記[1]記載の半導体装置。
[5] 前記バリア電極の外周辺部にガードリングが設けられている前記[1]記載の半導体装置。
[6] 前記ガードリングの一部または全部が前記半導体領域表面に埋め込まれている前記[5]記載の半導体装置。
[7] 前記バリア電極と前記バリアハイト調整領域との界面におけるバリアハイトが、1eV以上である前記[1]記載の半導体装置。
[8] 前記バリア電極の電極材料が金属である前記[1]記載の半導体装置。
[9] 前記半導体領域が、結晶性酸化物半導体を主成分として含む前記[1]記載の半導体装置。
[10] 前記半導体領域が、ガリウム化合物を主成分として含む前記[1]記載の半導体装置。
[11] 前記半導体領域が、α―Ga2O3またはその混晶を主成分として含む前記[1]記載の半導体装置。
[12] 前記バリアハイト調整領域が、p型酸化物半導体を主成分として含む前記[1]または[2]に記載の半導体装置。
[13] 前記バリアハイト調整領域が、コランダム構造または六方晶構造を有するp型酸化物半導体を主成分として含む前記[1]または[2]に記載の半導体装置。
[14] ダイオードである前記[1]記載の半導体装置。
[15] ジャンクションバリアショットキーダイオードである前記[1]記載の半導体装置。
[16] パワーデバイスである前記[1]記載の半導体装置。
[17] 半導体装置を備える半導体システムであって、前記半導体装置が、前記[1]~[16]のいずれかに記載の半導体装置である半導体システム。
また、本発明の半導体装置は、半導体領域と、該半導体領域上に設けられているバリア電極とを少なくとも備えている半導体装置であって、前記半導体領域と前記バリア電極との間に、前記半導体領域と前記バリア電極との界面におけるバリアハイトよりも前記バリア電極とのバリアハイトが大きくなるバリアハイト調整領域が設けられており、前記バリアハイト調整領域が前記半導体領域表面に複数埋め込まれていることを特長とする。
なお、本発明においては、前記バリアハイト調整領域が前記バリア電極内に突出しているのも好ましく、前記バリアハイト調整領域が前記半導体領域表面に埋め込まれており、かつバリア電極内に突出しているのがより好ましい。上記好ましい態様によれば、より電界集中を抑制し、また、よりコンタクト抵抗を下げることができる。
霧化・液滴化工程は、前記原料溶液を霧化または液滴化する。前記原料溶液の霧化手段または液滴化手段は、前記原料溶液を霧化または液滴化できさえすれば特に限定されず、公知の手段であってよいが、本発明においては、超音波を用いる霧化手段または液滴化手段が好ましい。超音波を用いて得られたミストまたは液滴は、初速度がゼロであり、空中に浮遊するので好ましく、例えば、スプレーのように吹き付けるのではなく、空間に浮遊してガスとして搬送することが可能なミストであるので衝突エネルギーによる損傷がないため、非常に好適である。液滴サイズは、特に限定されず、数mm程度の液滴であってもよいが、好ましくは50μm以下であり、より好ましくは100nm~10μmである。
前記原料溶液は、霧化または液滴化が可能であり、半導体領域を形成可能な原料を含んでいれば特に限定されず、無機材料であっても、有機材料であってもよいが、本発明においては、前記原料が、金属または金属化合物であるのが好ましく、ガリウム、鉄、インジウム、アルミニウム、バナジウム、チタン、クロム、ロジウム、ニッケル、コバルト、亜鉛、マグネシウム、カルシウム、シリコン、イットリウム、ストロンチウムおよびバリウムから選ばれる1種または2種以上の金属を含むのがより好ましい。
搬送工程では、キャリアガスでもって前記ミストまたは前記液滴を成膜室内に搬送する。前記キャリアガスとしては、本発明の目的を阻害しない限り特に限定されず、例えば、酸素、オゾン、窒素やアルゴン等の不活性ガス、または水素ガスやフォーミングガス等の還元ガスなどが好適な例として挙げられる。また、キャリアガスの種類は1種類であってよいが、2種類以上であってもよく、流量を下げた希釈ガス(例えば10倍希釈ガス等)などを、第2のキャリアガスとしてさらに用いてもよい。また、キャリアガスの供給箇所も1箇所だけでなく、2箇所以上あってもよい。キャリアガスの流量は、特に限定されないが、0.01~20L/分であるのが好ましく、1~10L/分であるのがより好ましい。希釈ガスの場合には、希釈ガスの流量が、0.001~2L/分であるのが好ましく、0.1~1L/分であるのがより好ましい。
成膜工程では、成膜室内で前記ミストまたは液滴を熱反応させることによって、基体上に、前記半導体膜を成膜する。熱反応は、熱でもって前記ミストまたは液滴が反応すればそれでよく、反応条件等も本発明の目的を阻害しない限り特に限定されない。本工程においては、前記熱反応を、通常、溶媒の蒸発温度以上の温度で行うが、高すぎない温度(例えば1000℃)以下が好ましく、650℃以下がより好ましく、300℃~650℃が最も好ましい。また、熱反応は、本発明の目的を阻害しない限り、真空下、非酸素雰囲気下、還元ガス雰囲気下および酸素雰囲気下のいずれの雰囲気下で行われてもよいが、非酸素雰囲気下または酸素雰囲気下で行われるのが好ましい。また、大気圧下、加圧下および減圧下のいずれの条件下で行われてもよいが、本発明においては、大気圧下で行われるのが好ましい。なお、膜厚は、成膜時間を調整することにより、設定することができる。
前記基体は、前記半導体膜を支持できるものであれば特に限定されない。前記基体の材料も、本発明の目的を阻害しない限り特に限定されず、公知の基体であってよく、有機化合物であってもよいし、無機化合物であってもよい。前記基体の形状としては、どのような形状のものであってもよく、あらゆる形状に対して有効であり、例えば、平板や円板等の板状、繊維状、棒状、円柱状、角柱状、筒状、螺旋状、球状、リング状などが挙げられるが、本発明においては、基板が好ましい。基板の厚さは、本発明においては特に限定されない。
本発明においては、前記バリアハイト調整層と前記バリア電極とのショットキーバリアのバリアハイトが、1eV以上となるように調整されるのが好ましい。このような好ましいバリアハイトに調整することにより、本発明の半導体装置の半導体特性(例えばスイッチング特性等)をさらにより良好なものとすることができる。前記バリアハイト調整領域の数は、2以上であれば、特に限定されない。本発明においては、前記バリアハイト調整領域の数が3以上であるのが、前記バリアハイトの調整をより効果的に行うことができ、前記半導体装置の半導体特性をより優れたものとすることができるので、好ましく、4以上であるのがより好ましい。
上記説明においては、ガードリング5を最後に形成したが、本発明においては、バリア電極2を形成する前にガードリング5を形成するのも好ましく、このように形成することにより、電極形成時の金属による影響を抑えることができる。
1-1.n-型半導体層の形成
1-1-1.成膜装置
図9を用いて、参考例で用いたミストCVD装置19を説明する。ミストCVD装置19は、基板20を載置するサセプタ21と、キャリアガスを供給するキャリアガス供給手段22aと、キャリアガス供給手段22aから送り出されるキャリアガスの流量を調節するための流量調節弁23aと、キャリアガス(希釈)を供給するキャリアガス(希釈)供給手段22bと、キャリアガス(希釈)供給手段22bから送り出されるキャリアガスの流量を調節するための流量調節弁23bと、原料溶液24aが収容されるミスト発生源24と、水25aが入れられる容器25と、容器25の底面に取り付けられた超音波振動子26と、内径40mmの石英管からなる供給管27と、供給管27の周辺部に設置されたヒーター28とを備えている。サセプタ21は、石英からなり、基板20を載置する面が水平面から傾斜している。成膜室となる供給管27とサセプタ21をどちらも石英で作製することにより、基板20上に形成される膜内に装置由来の不純物が混入することを抑制している。
0.1M臭化ガリウム水溶液に臭化水素酸を体積比で20%含有させ、これを原料溶液とした。
上記1-1-2.で得られた原料溶液24aをミスト発生源24内に収容した。次に、基板20として、サファイア基板をサセプタ21上に設置し、ヒーター28を作動させて成膜室27内の温度を480℃にまで昇温させた。次に、流量調節弁23a、23bを開いて、キャリアガス源であるキャリアガス供給手段22a、22bからキャリアガスを成膜室27内に供給し、成膜室27の雰囲気をキャリアガスで十分に置換した後、キャリアガスの流量を5L/分に、キャリアガス(希釈)の流量を0.5L/分にそれぞれ調節した。なお、キャリアガスとして窒素を用いた。
次に、超音波振動子26を2.4MHzで振動させ、その振動を、水25aを通じて原料溶液24aに伝播させることによって、原料溶液24aを霧化させてミストを生成した。このミストが、キャリアガスによって成膜室27内に導入され、大気圧下、510℃にて、成膜室27内でミストが反応して、基板20上に半導体膜が形成された。なお、膜厚は2.5μmであり、成膜時間は180分間であった。
XRD回折装置を用いて、上記1-1-4.にて得られた膜の相の同定を行ったところ、得られた膜はα-Ga203であった。
0.05Mガリウムアセチルアセトナート水溶液に塩酸を体積比で1.5%および塩化スズ0.2%をそれぞれ含有させ、これを原料溶液としたこと以外、上記1-1.と同様にして、上記1-1.で得られたn-型半導体層上に半導体膜を成膜した。得られた膜につき、XRD回折装置を用いて、膜の相の同定を行ったところ、得られた膜はα-Ga203であった。
n+型半導体層上に、Ti層およびAu層をそれぞれ電子ビーム蒸着にて積層した。なお、Ti層の厚さは35nmであり、Au層の厚さは175nmであった。
サファイア基板を剥離後、n-型半導体層上に、Pt層を電子ビーム蒸着にて積層した。そして、高速アニール装置(RTA)を用いて窒素雰囲気で400℃30秒間アニール処理し、アニール処理したPt層を形成した。また、フォトリソグラフィーおよびエッチング処理に付し、アニール処理していないPt層も形成した。
IV測定を実施した。その結果、アニール処理していないPt層のバリアハイトは、1.5eVであり、アニール処理したPt層のバリアハイトは0.9eVであった。なお、アニール処理したPt層のIV測定結果を図10に示す。
参考例2では、p型半導体によるバリアハイトの調整について評価を行った。
2-1.p型半導体層の形成
基体として、ミストCVDを用いて形成されたn+型半導体層を表面に有するサファイア基板を用いたこと、原料溶液として、臭化ガリウムと臭化マグネシウムを超純水に混合し、ガリウムに対するマグネシウムの原子比が1:0.01および臭化ガリウム0.1モル/Lとなるように水溶液を調整し、この際、ハロゲン化水素酸を体積比で20%含有させたものを用いたこと、キャリアガスの流量を1L/分、キャリアガス(希釈)の流量を1L/分としたこと、成膜温度を520℃としたこと、および成膜時間を60分間としたこと以外は、上記1-1.と同様にして半導体膜を成膜した。得られた膜につき、XRD回折装置を用いて、膜の相の同定を行ったところ、ハロゲン化水素酸として臭化水素酸を用いて得られた膜はα-Ga203であった。
p型半導体層においてマグネシウムがp型ドーパントとして正常に機能しているかどうかを確かめるために、上記2-1.にて得られたα-Ga203膜につき、IV測定を実施した。その結果、優れた整流性を示し、n+型半導体層とp型半導体層とが良好なPN接合を形成していた。IV測定の結果から明らかなように、マグネシウムがp型ドーパントとして正常に機能していることから、p型半導体の形成によってバリアハイトを調整できることがわかった。
2 バリア電極
3 半導体領域
4 オーミック電極
5 ガードリング
19 ミストCVD装置
20 基板
21 サセプタ
22a キャリアガス供給手段
22b キャリアガス(希釈)供給手段
23a 流量調節弁
23b 流量調節弁
24 ミスト発生源
24a 原料溶液
25 容器
25a 水
26 超音波振動子
27 供給管
28 ヒーター
29 排気口
Claims (17)
- 半導体領域と、該半導体領域上に設けられているバリア電極とを少なくとも備えている半導体装置であって、前記半導体領域と前記バリア電極との間に、前記半導体領域と前記バリア電極との界面におけるバリアハイトよりも前記バリア電極とのバリアハイトが大きくなるバリアハイト調整領域が設けられており、前記バリアハイト調整領域が前記半導体領域表面に複数設けられていることを特徴とする半導体装置。
- 半導体領域と、該半導体領域上に設けられているバリア電極とを少なくとも備えている半導体装置であって、前記半導体領域と前記バリア電極との間に、前記半導体領域と前記バリア電極との界面におけるバリアハイトよりも前記バリア電極とのバリアハイトが大きくなるバリアハイト調整領域が設けられており、前記バリアハイト調整領域が前記半導体領域表面に複数埋め込まれていることを特徴とする半導体装置。
- 前記バリア電極の両端と前記半導体領域との間に、前記バリアハイト調整領域がそれぞれ設けられている請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記バリアハイト調整領域が前記バリア電極内に突出している請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記バリア電極の外周辺部にガードリングが設けられている請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記ガードリングの一部または全部が前記半導体領域表面に埋め込まれている請求項5記載の半導体装置。
- 前記バリア電極と前記バリアハイト調整領域との界面におけるバリアハイトが、1eV以上である請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記バリア電極の電極材料が金属である請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記半導体領域が、結晶性酸化物半導体を主成分として含む請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記半導体領域が、ガリウム化合物を主成分として含む請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記半導体領域が、α―Ga2O3またはその混晶を主成分として含む請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記バリアハイト調整領域が、p型酸化物半導体を主成分として含む請求項1または2に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記バリアハイト調整領域が、コランダム構造または六方晶構造を有するp型酸化物半導体を主成分として含む請求項1または2に記載の半導体装置。
- ダイオードである請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- ジャンクションバリアショットキーダイオードである請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- パワーデバイスである請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 半導体装置を備える半導体システムであって、前記半導体装置が、請求項1~16のいずれかに記載の半導体装置である半導体システム。
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