WO2016175103A1 - ポリマーの製造方法、感光性樹脂組成物および電子装置 - Google Patents
ポリマーの製造方法、感光性樹脂組成物および電子装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016175103A1 WO2016175103A1 PCT/JP2016/062535 JP2016062535W WO2016175103A1 WO 2016175103 A1 WO2016175103 A1 WO 2016175103A1 JP 2016062535 W JP2016062535 W JP 2016062535W WO 2016175103 A1 WO2016175103 A1 WO 2016175103A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F232/00—Copolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system
- C08F232/08—Copolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system having condensed rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/12—Hydrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/04—Anhydrides, e.g. cyclic anhydrides
- C08F222/06—Maleic anhydride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F232/00—Copolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/022—Quinonediazides
- G03F7/023—Macromolecular quinonediazides; Macromolecular additives, e.g. binders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/032—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders
- G03F7/033—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders the binders being polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a polymer, a photosensitive resin composition, and an electronic device.
- Photolithography technology is used to form a fine circuit pattern such as a semiconductor integrated circuit.
- a photosensitive resin composition is used to form a resist pattern.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a photosensitive resin composition containing a polymer and a photosensitive agent. And it is disclosed that the polymer has a unit composed of a cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon skeleton and a unit derived from maleic anhydride, and hydrolyzes the acid anhydride ring of the unit derived from maleic anhydride. Yes.
- a step of polymerizing a norbornene-type monomer and maleic anhydride to obtain a copolymer The first heat treatment is performed on the copolymer to which the compound represented by the following formula (1) is added without adding an acidic catalyst and a basic catalyst, and the maleic anhydride derived from the copolymer is present. Opening the anhydrous ring of A process for producing a polymer comprising
- R a is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms which may contain a hydrogen atom or an oxygen atom
- a photosensitive resin composition comprising a polymer containing a structural unit represented by the following formula (3a) and a structural unit represented by the following formula (3b):
- the transmittance of the polymer with respect to light having a wavelength of 400 nm is 40% or more,
- the photosensitive resin composition whose viscosity change rate measured on condition of the following is 150% or less is provided.
- n 0, 1 or 2.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently hydrogen or an organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Formula (3b) A is a structural unit represented by the following formula (4a), (4b), (4c) or (4d))
- R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms which may contain an oxygen atom
- a varnish obtained by dissolving the photosensitive resin composition in an organic solvent so as to have a solid content of 50% by mass was stored at a temperature of 30 ⁇ 1 ° C. for 7 days with an initial viscosity at 25 ° C. before storage of ⁇ 0 .
- the subsequent viscosity at 25 ° C. is ⁇ 1
- ⁇ 1 / ⁇ 0 ⁇ 100 is the viscosity change rate.
- An electronic device provided with the cured film of the said photosensitive resin composition is provided.
- the present invention it is possible to improve the balance between the temporal stability of the photosensitive resin composition and the transparency of the resin film formed using the photosensitive resin composition.
- the method for producing the polymer (A) according to this embodiment is performed as follows. First, a norbornene-type monomer and maleic anhydride are polymerized to obtain a copolymer. Next, heat treatment is performed on the copolymer to which the compound represented by the following formula (1) is added without adding an acidic catalyst and a basic catalyst, and the maleic anhydride present in the copolymer is derived. Open the anhydrous ring.
- R a is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms which may contain a hydrogen atom or an oxygen atom
- the resin contained in the photosensitive resin composition for example, a polymer obtained by polymerizing a norbornene-type monomer and maleic anhydride may be used.
- a ring opening step using a catalyst can be performed in order to open the maleic anhydride-derived ring.
- a resin film formed using a photosensitive resin composition containing such a polymer further improvement in transparency has been demanded. In particular, it has been difficult to achieve high transparency for a resin film that has been post-baked at a high temperature of 250 ° C. or higher.
- the present inventor has intensively studied a method for producing a polymer. .
- the production method of the polymer (A) according to the present embodiment is realized based on such novel findings. For this reason, according to this embodiment, the transparency of the resin film formed using the photosensitive resin composition can be improved. Thereby, even when a thick resin film is formed, a resin film exhibiting excellent transparency can be realized.
- a photosensitive resin composition suitable for an optical device can be obtained.
- the present inventor can improve the temporal stability of a photosensitive resin composition comprising a polymer obtained by heating the ring-opening step without adding either an acidic catalyst or a basic catalyst. I also found out that I can contribute. Therefore, according to this embodiment, there is provided a polymer (A) that can improve both the stability over time of the photosensitive resin composition and the transparency of the resin film obtained using the photosensitive resin composition. Realized.
- the polymer (A) includes a structural unit represented by the following formula (3a) and a structural unit represented by the following formula (3b).
- n is 0, 1 or 2.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently hydrogen or an organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- A is a structural unit represented by the following formula (4a), (4b), (4c) or (4d).
- the molar ratio of the structural unit represented by the formula (3a) is not particularly limited, but it is particularly preferably 10 or more and 90 or less with respect to 100 as the whole polymer (A). Further, the molar ratio of the structural unit represented by the formula (3b) is not particularly limited, but is particularly preferably 10 or more and 90 or less with respect to 100 as the whole polymer (A).
- the polymer (A) may contain a structural unit other than the structural unit represented by the formula (3a) and the structural unit represented by the formula (3b).
- R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms which may contain an oxygen atom.
- the polymer (A) contains one or more structural units A selected from the above formulas (4a), (4b), (4c) and (4d). In the present embodiment, it is more preferable that the polymer (A) contains at least a component having one or more structural units A selected from the above formulas (4a), (4b) and (4c). It is particularly preferred that the polymer (A) contains a component having both the structural unit A represented by the above formula (4a) and the structural unit A represented by the above formula (4c).
- Examples of the organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms constituting R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an alkylidene group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkaryl group, and an alkoxysilyl group. And cycloalkyl groups.
- the organic group may be a carboxyl group or an organic group having a hetero ring such as an epoxy ring or an oxetane ring.
- alkyl group examples include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, pentyl group, neopentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, An octyl group, a nonyl group, and a decyl group are mentioned.
- alkenyl group examples include allyl group, pentenyl group, and vinyl group. An ethynyl group is mentioned as an alkynyl group.
- Examples of the alkylidene group include a methylidene group and an ethylidene group.
- Examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthracenyl group.
- Examples of the aralkyl group include a benzyl group and a phenethyl group.
- Examples of the alkaryl group include a tolyl group and a xylyl group.
- Examples of the alkoxysilyl group include a trialkoxysilyl group exemplified by a trimethoxysilyl group, a triethoxysilyl group, a tripolopoxysilyl group, a tributoxysilyl group, and the like.
- cycloalkyl group examples include an adamantyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cyclooctyl group.
- one or more hydrogen atoms may be substituted with a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
- an alkyl group as R 1 , R 2 , R 3 or R 4 , it is possible to improve the film forming property of a film made of the photosensitive resin composition containing the polymer (A). Further, by including an aryl group as R 1 , R 2 , R 3, or R 4 , a film made of the photosensitive resin composition containing the polymer (A) is subjected to development using an alkaline developer in a lithography process. Film loss can be suppressed. In addition, by including an organic group having a heterocycle as R 1 , R 2 , R 3, or R 4 , it becomes easy to effectively improve the balance between stability over time and curability of the polymer (A).
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are hydrogen, and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are particularly preferably all hydrogen.
- Examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms which may contain an oxygen atom constituting R 5 , R 6 and R 7 include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an alkylidene group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, An alkaryl group, a cycloalkyl group, and a (meth) acryloyl group are mentioned.
- the hydrocarbon group may have a carboxyl group or a hetero ring such as an epoxy ring or an oxetane ring.
- alkyl group examples include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, pentyl group, neopentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, An octyl group, a nonyl group, and a decyl group are mentioned.
- alkenyl group examples include allyl group, pentenyl group, and vinyl group. An ethynyl group is mentioned as an alkynyl group.
- Examples of the alkylidene group include a methylidene group and an ethylidene group.
- Examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthracenyl group.
- Examples of the aralkyl group include a benzyl group and a phenethyl group.
- Examples of the alkaryl group include a tolyl group and a xylyl group.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group include an adamantyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cyclooctyl group.
- Examples of the (meth) acryloyl group include a (meth) acryloyloxyalkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and an (meth) acryloyl polyoxyalkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
- One or more hydrogen atoms contained in R 5 , R 6 and R 7 may be substituted with a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
- R 6 and R 7 are more preferably the same group, for example.
- R 5 , R 6 or R 7 By including an alkyl group as R 5 , R 6 or R 7 , the crack resistance of a film made of the photosensitive resin composition containing the polymer (A) can be improved.
- R 5 , R 6 or R 7 is more preferably an alkyl group having 3 or more carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an alkyl group having 4 or more carbon atoms. preferable.
- the polymer (A) includes an alternating copolymer in which, for example, the structural unit represented by the above formula (3a) and the structural unit represented by the above formula (3b) are alternately arranged.
- the polymer (A) includes a random copolymer or a block copolymer composed of the structural unit represented by the above formula (3a) and the structural unit represented by the above formula (3b). Also good.
- the polymer (A) may contain at least one of a monomer represented by the following formula (2) and maleic anhydride as a low molecular weight component.
- the polymer (A) according to the present embodiment has a transmittance of 40% or more for light having a wavelength of 400 nm.
- a photosensitive resin composition By producing a photosensitive resin composition using such a polymer (A), the transparency of the resin film obtained using the photosensitive resin composition can be improved. It is also possible to improve the temporal stability of the photosensitive resin composition.
- the transmittance of the polymer (A) with respect to light having a wavelength of 400 nm is more preferably 60% or more, and particularly preferably 80% or more.
- permeability with respect to the light with a wavelength of 400 nm of a polymer (A) is not specifically limited, For example, it can be 100%.
- the ring-opening step of the anhydrous ring is performed by heating without adding any of an acidic catalyst and a basic catalyst, the neutralization step accompanying the addition of the catalyst or the water washing step is not performed, the ring-opening step This is considered to be due to appropriately adjusting the heating conditions in the above.
- the polymer (A) whose transmittance with respect to light having a wavelength of 400 nm is within the above-described range.
- the transmittance of polymer (A) with respect to light having a wavelength of 400 nm is measured by, for example, using a polymer solution having a solid content of 20% by mass obtained by dissolving polymer (A) in PGMEA (propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate). It can be carried out by placing in a glass cell having an optical path width of 1 cm and measuring the transmittance for light having a wavelength of 400 nm using an ultraviolet-visible light spectrophotometer.
- the dissolution rate can be set to 1000 kg / second or more.
- the developability of the photosensitive resin composition can be improved, and a resin film having high lithography performance can be realized. For this reason, favorable pattern formation using the photosensitive resin composition is attained.
- the dissolution rate is more preferably 2000 K / sec or more, and particularly preferably 3000 K / sec or more.
- the dissolution rate is preferably 20000 kg / sec or less, and more preferably 15000 kg / sec or less.
- the dissolution rate of the polymer (A) can be set within the above range by appropriately selecting the production method and chemical structure of the polymer (A). Among these, it is considered that selection of conditions for the ring opening step of the anhydrous ring is particularly important from the viewpoint of controlling the dissolution rate.
- the dissolution rate of the polymer (A) can be measured, for example, as follows. First, a polymer solution having a solid content of 20% by mass obtained by dissolving polymer (A) in PGMEA (propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate) is applied onto a silicon wafer by a spin method, and then heat-treated at 110 ° C. for 100 seconds. Thus, a polymer film having a film thickness H of 3 ⁇ m is obtained. Next, the polymer film is impregnated with a 2.38% tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution at 23 ° C., and a time T until the polymer film is visually erased is measured. Next, the film thickness H / time T is calculated as the dissolution rate based on the measured value obtained in this way.
- PGMEA propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- a norbornene-type monomer and maleic anhydride are prepared.
- the norbornene-type monomer for example, those represented by the above formula (2) can be used. Thereby, about the photosensitive resin composition obtained using the obtained polymer (A), it becomes possible to improve the balance of the various characteristics calculated
- a norbornene-type monomer and maleic anhydride are polymerized to obtain a copolymer (A1).
- a copolymer (A1) is obtained by addition polymerization of a norbornene type monomer and maleic anhydride.
- other monomers other than these may be polymerized together with the norbornene-type monomer and maleic anhydride.
- treatment S1 for example, one or more of norbornene type monomers represented by the above formula (2) and maleic anhydride can be polymerized.
- a copolymer (A1) containing a structural unit represented by the following formula (5a) and a structural unit represented by the following formula (5b) will be obtained.
- n, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be those exemplified in formula (3a))
- the structural unit represented by the above formula (5a) and the structural unit represented by the above formula (5b) may be randomly arranged or alternately arranged. There may be. Further, a block copolymer of the norbornene-type monomer represented by the formula (2) and maleic anhydride may be used. However, from the viewpoint of ensuring the uniformity of solubility of the photosensitive resin composition using the polymer (A) produced in the present embodiment, the repeating unit represented by the above formula (5a) and the above formula (5b) It is preferable that the repeating unit represented by () is alternately arranged. That is, the copolymer (A1) particularly preferably has a repeating unit of the following formula (6).
- a norbornene-type monomer represented by the above formula (2), maleic anhydride, and a polymerization initiator are dissolved in a solvent, and then solution polymerization can be performed by heating for a predetermined time.
- the heating temperature can be, for example, 50 ° C. or higher and 80 ° C. or lower.
- the heating time can be, for example, 1 hour or more and 20 hours or less. It is more preferable to perform solution polymerization after removing dissolved oxygen in the solvent by nitrogen bubbling.
- a molecular weight modifier and a chain transfer agent can be used as needed.
- the chain transfer agent include thiol compounds such as dodecyl mercaptan, mercaptoethanol, and 4,4-bis (trifluoromethyl) -4-hydroxy-1-mercaptobutane. These chain transfer agents may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- methyl ethyl ketone MK
- propylene glycol monomethyl ether diethyl ether
- tetrahydrofuran THF
- toluene ethyl acetate
- butyl acetate a solvent used in the solution polymerization
- the polymerization initiator one or more of azo compounds and organic peroxides can be used.
- the azo compound include azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), dimethyl 2,2′-azobis (2-methylpropionate), and 1,1′-azobis (cyclohexanecarbonitrile) (ABCN).
- organic peroxide examples include hydrogen peroxide, ditertiary butyl peroxide (DTBP), benzoyl peroxide (benzoyl peroxide (BPO)), and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP).
- DTBP ditertiary butyl peroxide
- BPO benzoyl peroxide
- MEKP methyl ethyl ketone peroxide
- solvent replacement can be performed on a solution in which the copolymer (A1) is dissolved using a solvent composed of a compound represented by the formula (1) described later.
- the solvent substitution is performed by washing the precipitate deposited by reprecipitating the solution in which the copolymer (A1) is dissolved with a large amount of methanol, and then converting the precipitate into a compound represented by the formula (1). It can carry out by mixing with the solvent which consists of.
- the maleic anhydride-derived anhydride ring present in the copolymer (A1) obtained by the polymerization step (treatment S1) is opened.
- the dissolution rate of the photosensitive resin composition provided with the polymer (A) can be improved by opening the anhydrous ring.
- the ring opening of the anhydrous ring is based on the copolymer (A1) added with one or more compounds represented by the following formula (1) without adding an acidic catalyst and a basic catalyst. This is done by performing a heat treatment.
- photosensitivity comprising the polymer (P) produced by opening the anhydrous ring present in the copolymer (A1) without adding an acidic catalyst and a basic catalyst.
- the said heat processing can be performed with respect to the solution which melt
- R a is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms which may contain a hydrogen atom or an oxygen atom.
- R a for example, those exemplified as the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms which may contain oxygen atoms constituting R 5 , R 6 and R 7 in the above formulas (4a) and (4b) are applied can do.
- R a is more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
- R a is alkyl group having 3 or more carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an alkyl group having 4 or more carbon atoms.
- the structural unit derived from maleic anhydride in which the anhydride ring has been opened by the ring-opening step (treatment S2) can be, for example, a structural unit represented by the following formula (7a), (7b) or (7c).
- the copolymer (A1) after the ring-opening step (treatment S2) includes a component containing one or more of the following formulas (7a), (7b) and (7c): Become.
- the ring-opening step (treatment S2) can be performed, for example, under the condition that the dissolution rate of the copolymer (A1) after the ring-opening step (treatment S2) is 1000 kg / second or more.
- the ring-opening rate of a copolymer (A1) can be improved effectively.
- the dissolution rate is more preferably 2000 kg / sec or more, and particularly preferably 3000 kg / sec or more.
- the dissolution rate is preferably 20000 kg / sec or less, and more preferably 15000 kg / sec or less.
- the dissolution rate of the copolymer (A1) after the ring-opening step (treatment S2) is adjusted, for example, by the heating conditions in the ring-opening step (treatment S2), the addition amount of the compound represented by the above formula (1) It is possible to control by doing.
- the dissolution rate of the copolymer (A1) after the ring-opening step (treatment S2) can be measured, for example, as follows. First, a solution having a solid content of 20% by mass in which the copolymer (A1) after the ring-opening step (treatment S2) was dissolved in PGMEA (propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate) was applied onto a silicon wafer by a spin method, and then 110 ° C. , Heat treatment under conditions of 100 seconds to obtain a polymer film having a film thickness H of 3 ⁇ m.
- PGMEA propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- the polymer film is impregnated with a 2.38% tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution at 23 ° C., and a time T until the polymer film is visually erased is measured.
- the film thickness H / time T is calculated as the dissolution rate based on the measured value obtained in this way.
- dissolution rate of the copolymer (A1) after a ring-opening process is not limited to the above-mentioned thing, It is possible to select suitably according to a use.
- the copolymer (A1) to which the compound represented by the following formula (1) is added is subjected to a heat treatment in the absence of a catalyst.
- Conditions for this heat treatment can be appropriately adjusted according to, for example, the desired dissolution rate of the copolymer (A1).
- the said heat processing can be performed on the conditions of 30 to 200 degreeC and 1 to 50 hours.
- the ring opening of an anhydrous ring in a copolymer (A1) can be performed effectively. For this reason, it is possible to effectively realize a high dissolution rate while improving the transmittance of the polymer (A).
- the ring-opening step (processing S2) may be performed in a closed system or an open system. When the ring-opening step (processing S2) is performed in a closed system, the internal temperature is further increased and the reaction time can be shortened.
- the amount of the compound represented by the above formula (1) added to the copolymer (A1) is, for example, the amount of maleic anhydride monomer or the desired copolymer ( It is possible to adjust appropriately according to the dissolution rate of A1).
- the polymerization step (process S1) the number of moles of maleic anhydride added in the (mol) and M 1
- the ring opening of an anhydrous ring in a copolymer (A1) can be performed effectively. For this reason, it is possible to effectively realize a high dissolution rate while improving the transmittance of the polymer (A).
- solvent replacement step (processing S3) In the method for producing the polymer (A) according to this embodiment, solvent replacement can be performed after the ring-opening step (treatment S2). Solvent replacement can be performed, for example, by removing the compound represented by the above formula (1) by distillation and replacing the system while adding a product solvent such as PGMEA.
- Heating step In the manufacturing method of the polymer (A) which concerns on this embodiment, the process of heat-processing with respect to a copolymer (A1) can be further included after a ring-opening process (process S2). Thereby, re-ring closure by dehydration of the ring-opening structure of the anhydrous ring in the copolymer (A1) occurs. For this reason, it becomes possible to reduce the dissolution rate of the polymer (A). Thus, by adjusting the dissolution rate of the polymer (A) again in this step, the dissolution rate of the photosensitive resin composition containing the polymer (A) can be controlled to a higher degree.
- a heating process can be performed on the conditions of 100 to 140 degreeC, 0.5 to 10 hours, for example. These heat treatment conditions can be appropriately adjusted according to the desired dissolution rate of the polymer (A). In the present embodiment, for example, the polymer (A) is produced in this way.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present embodiment can be used, for example, to form a permanent film.
- the permanent film is composed of a cured film obtained by curing the photosensitive resin composition.
- a permanent film is formed by curing the coating film by heat treatment or the like.
- the photosensitive resin composition may be used for forming a photoresist used in a lithography process.
- Examples of the permanent film formed using the photosensitive resin composition include an interlayer film, a surface protective film, a color filter, and a dam material.
- the permanent film can also be used as an optical material such as an optical lens.
- the application of the permanent film is not limited to these.
- a photosensitive resin composition can be used to form a thick permanent film having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m or more. Even such a thick permanent film is provided with the polymer (A) manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment, so that a highly transparent permanent film can be realized.
- membrane of the photosensitive resin composition fine processing uses, such as photoresists, such as an etching resist, MEMS, etc. are mentioned.
- the interlayer film refers to an insulating film provided in a multilayer structure, and the type thereof is not particularly limited.
- the interlayer film include those used in semiconductor device applications such as an interlayer insulating film constituting a multilayer wiring structure of a semiconductor element, a buildup layer or a core layer constituting a circuit board.
- the interlayer film for example, a flattening film that covers a thin film transistor (TFT) in the display device, a liquid crystal alignment film, a protrusion provided on a color filter substrate of an MVA (Multi Domain Vertical Alignment) type liquid crystal display device Or what is used in display apparatus uses, such as a partition for forming the cathode of an organic EL element, is also mentioned.
- TFT thin film transistor
- MVA Multi Domain Vertical Alignment
- the surface protective film refers to an insulating film that is formed on the surface of an electronic component or an electronic device and protects the surface, and the type thereof is not particularly limited. Examples of such a surface protective film include a passivation film provided on a semiconductor element, a bump protective film or a buffer coat layer, or a cover coat provided on a flexible substrate.
- the dam material is a spacer used to form a hollow portion for arranging an optical element or the like on the substrate.
- the photosensitive resin composition obtained by dissolving in an organic solvent so that the photosensitive resin composition comprising a polymer (A) and a solid content 50 wt%, the initial viscosity at 25 ° C. before storage eta 0
- the viscosity at 25 ° C. after storage for 7 days at an air temperature of 30 ⁇ 1 ° C. is ⁇ 1
- ⁇ 1 / ⁇ 0 ⁇ 100 viscosity change rate
- it can contribute to the improvement of balance with the temporal stability of the photosensitive resin composition, and the transparency of the resin film obtained using a photosensitive resin composition.
- the viscosity change rate is particularly preferably 110% or less.
- the lower limit value of the viscosity change rate is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 90% or more.
- the initial viscosity ⁇ 0 is preferably 10 mPa ⁇ s or more and 1000 mPa ⁇ s or less, for example. This makes it easy to set ⁇ 1 / ⁇ 0 to the above range. In addition, workability and film formability can be effectively improved.
- After preparing the varnish-like photosensitive resin composition by dissolving the initial viscosity ⁇ 0 in, for example, each component described later in an organic solvent so as to have a solid content of 50% by mass It can be defined as the viscosity at 25 ° C. measured within 12 hours.
- the viscosity ⁇ 1 is preferably 10 mPa ⁇ s or more and 1000 mPa ⁇ s or less, for example. This makes it easy to set ⁇ 1 / ⁇ 0 to the above range. Further, it is possible to contribute to improvement of a process margin in the production of a permanent film.
- the viscosity ⁇ 1 is measured immediately after the varnish-like photosensitive resin composition is prepared by, for example, dissolving each component described later in an organic solvent so as to have a solid content of 50% by mass and stirring. It can be the viscosity at 25 ° C. measured after storage at 30 ⁇ 1 ° C. for 7 days.
- the varnish-like photosensitive resin composition is stored by placing an airtight container containing the varnish-like photosensitive resin composition in a clean oven maintained at a temperature of 30 ⁇ 1 ° C. It can be carried out.
- the viscosity ⁇ 0, the viscosity ⁇ 1 , and ⁇ 1 / ⁇ 0 ⁇ 100 by appropriately adjusting the types and blending amounts of the components contained in the photosensitive resin composition. It is. Among these, in the control of ⁇ 1 / ⁇ 0 ⁇ 100, it is particularly important to adjust the production method of the polymer (A), the type of solid content, and the blending amount of each component.
- the photosensitive resin composition includes a polymer (A).
- the photosensitive resin composition which concerns on this embodiment can contain the 1 type (s) or 2 or more types in the polymer (A) illustrated above.
- the content of the polymer (A) in the photosensitive resin composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less with respect to the entire solid content of the photosensitive resin composition. More preferably, it is 80 mass% or less.
- solid content of the photosensitive resin composition refers to the component except the solvent contained in the photosensitive resin composition. The same applies hereinafter.
- the photosensitive resin composition can contain, for example, a photosensitive agent.
- a photosensitizer it can have a diazoquinone compound, for example.
- diazoquinone compound used as the photosensitizer include those exemplified below.
- N2 is an integer from 1 to 5
- Q is any one of the structures (a), (b) and (c) shown below, or a hydrogen atom.
- at least one of Q contained in each compound is any one of the structure (a), the structure (b), and the structure (c).
- an o-naphthoquinonediazidesulfonic acid derivative in which Q is the structure (a) or the structure (b) is more preferable.
- the content of the photosensitive agent in the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 1% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, and preferably 5% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less with respect to the entire solid content of the photosensitive resin composition. It is more preferable. Thereby, it becomes possible to effectively improve the balance of reactivity, stability with time, and developability in the photosensitive resin composition.
- the photosensitive resin composition can contain, for example, an acid generator that generates an acid by light or heat.
- an acid generator that generates an acid by light examples include triphenylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, tris (4-t-butylphenyl) sulfonium-trifluoromethanesulfonate, diphenyl [4- (phenylthio) phenyl] sulfonium trifluorotris.
- Sulfonium salts such as pentafluoroethyl phosphate and diphenyl [4- (phenylthio) phenyl] sulfonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, diazonium salts such as p-nitrophenyldiazonium hexafluorophosphate, ammonium salts, phosphonium salts, diphenyliodonium trifluoro Iodo such as lomethanesulfonate, (triccumyl) iodonium-tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate Umum salts, quinonediazides, diazomethanes such as bis (phenylsulfonyl) diazomethane, sulfones such as 1-phenyl-1- (4-methylphenyl) sulfonyloxy-1-benzoylmethane, N-hydroxynaphthalimi
- thermal acid generators that generate acid by heat
- acid generators thermal acid generators
- thermal acid generators include SI-45L, SI-60L, SI-80L, SI-100L, SI-110L, SI-150L (Sanshin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) And an aromatic sulfonium salt.
- the photosensitive resin composition in the present embodiment may contain one or more of the thermal acid generators exemplified above. Moreover, in this embodiment, it is also possible to use together the photo acid generator illustrated above and these thermal acid generators.
- the content of the acid generator in the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less, and preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less with respect to the entire solid content of the photosensitive resin composition. It is more preferable that the amount is not more than mass%. Thereby, it becomes possible to effectively improve the balance of reactivity, stability with time, and developability in the photosensitive resin composition.
- the photosensitive resin composition may contain a crosslinking agent.
- a crosslinking agent preferably includes, for example, a compound having a hetero ring as a reactive group, and particularly preferably includes a compound having a glycidyl group or an oxetanyl group.
- Examples of the compound having a glycidyl group used as a crosslinking agent include epoxy compounds.
- the epoxy compound include n-butyl glycidyl ether, 2-ethoxyhexyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, allyl glycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, glycerol polyglycidyl ether.
- Glycidyl ether such as sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, glycidyl ether of bisphenol A (or F), glycidyl ether such as adipic acid diglycidyl ester, o-phthalic acid diglycidyl ester, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl (3,4) -Epoxycyclohexane) carboxylate, 3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl (3,4-epoxy -6-methylcyclohexane) carboxylate, bis (3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl) adipate, dicyclopentanediene oxide, bis (2,3-epoxycyclopentyl) ether, and Celoxide made by Daicel Corporation 2021, celoxide 2081, ceroxide 2083, celoxide 2085, celoxide 8000, epoxide GT401, and the like, 2,2 ′-((
- bisphenols such as LX-01 (manufactured by Daiso Corporation), jER1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1007, 1009, 1010, and 828 (trade names; manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation)
- a type epoxy resin bisphenol F type epoxy resin such as jER807 (trade name; manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), jER152, 154 (trade name; manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), EPPN201, 202 (trade name; Japan)
- Phenolic novolak type epoxy resins such as EOCN102, 103S, 104S, 1020, 1025, 1027 (trade name; manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.), jER157S70 (trade name; Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) Cresol novolac type epoxy resin, Araldite CY179, 184 (trade name; Hunts) Advanced Materials, Inc.), ERL-4206, 4221, 4234, 4299 (trade name; manufactured by Dow Chemical), Epicron 200, 400 (trade name; manufactured by DIC Corporation), jER871, 872
- Examples of the compound having an oxetanyl group used as a crosslinking agent include 1,4-bis ⁇ [(3-ethyl-3-oxetanyl) methoxy] methyl ⁇ benzene, bis [1-ethyl (3-oxetanyl)] methyl ether, 4 , 4′-bis [(3-ethyl-3-oxetanyl) methoxymethyl] biphenyl, 4,4′-bis (3-ethyl-3-oxetanylmethoxy) biphenyl, ethylene glycol bis (3-ethyl-3-oxetanylmethyl) ) Ether, diethylene glycol bis (3-ethyl-3-oxetanylmethyl) ether, bis (3-ethyl-3-oxetanylmethyl) diphenoate, trimethylolpropane tris (3-ethyl-3-oxetanylmethyl) ether, pentaerythritol t
- the content of the crosslinking agent in the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 5% by mass or more based on the entire solid content of the photosensitive resin composition.
- the content of the crosslinking agent in the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 50% by mass or less and more preferably 40% by mass or less with respect to the entire solid content of the photosensitive resin composition.
- the photosensitive resin composition may contain an adhesion assistant.
- the adhesion aid is not particularly limited, but may include, for example, a silane coupling agent such as amino silane, epoxy silane, acrylic silane, mercapto silane, vinyl silane, ureido silane, or sulfide silane. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, it is more preferable to use epoxysilane from the viewpoint of effectively improving the adhesion to other members.
- aminosilanes include bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, and ⁇ -aminopropyl.
- Methyldimethoxysilane N- ⁇ (aminoethyl) ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- ⁇ (aminoethyl) ⁇ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- ⁇ (aminoethyl) ⁇ -aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N - ⁇ (aminoethyl) ⁇ -aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, and N-phenyl- ⁇ -amino-propyltrimethoxysilane.
- Examples of the epoxy silane include ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, and ⁇ - (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxy.
- Examples of the acrylic silane include ⁇ - (methacryloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane, ⁇ - (methacryloxypropyl) methyldimethoxysilane, and ⁇ - (methacryloxypropyl) methyldiethoxysilane.
- Examples of mercaptosilane include ⁇ -mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane.
- Examples of the vinyl silane include vinyl tris ( ⁇ methoxyethoxy) silane, vinyl triethoxy silane, and vinyl trimethoxy silane.
- Examples of ureidosilane include 3-ureidopropyltriethoxysilane.
- Examples of the sulfide silane include bis (3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl) disulfide and bis (3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl) tetrasulfide.
- the content of the adhesion assistant in the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, and 0.5% by mass or more with respect to the entire solid content of the photosensitive resin composition. It is more preferable that On the other hand, the content of the adhesion assistant in the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 20% by mass or less and more preferably 15% by mass or less with respect to the entire solid content of the photosensitive resin composition. . By adjusting the content of the adhesion aid to such a range, the adhesion of the cured film formed using the photosensitive resin composition to other members can be more effectively improved.
- the photosensitive resin composition may contain a surfactant.
- the surfactant includes, for example, a compound containing a fluorine group (for example, a fluorinated alkyl group) or a silanol group, or a compound having a siloxane bond as a main skeleton.
- a surfactant containing a fluorosurfactant or a silicone surfactant it is more preferable to use a surfactant containing a fluorosurfactant or a silicone surfactant, and it is particularly preferable to use a fluorosurfactant.
- the surfactant include, but are not limited to, Megafac F-554, F-556, and F-557 manufactured by DIC Corporation.
- the content of the surfactant in the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, and 0.2% by mass or more with respect to the entire solid content of the photosensitive resin composition. It is more preferable that On the other hand, the content of the surfactant in the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 3% by mass or less and more preferably 2% by mass or less with respect to the entire solid content of the photosensitive resin composition. . By adjusting the content of the surfactant to such a range, the flatness of the photosensitive resin composition can be effectively improved. In addition, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of radial striations on the coating film during spin coating.
- the photosensitive resin composition can contain a colorant.
- the colorant is not particularly limited. I. PR254, C.I. I. PR177 and C.I. I. A red pigment exemplified by PR224 and the like; I. PG7 and C.I. I. Green pigments exemplified by PG36 and the like, C.I. I. PB15: 6 and C.I. I. A blue pigment exemplified by PB60 and the like; I. PY138, C.I. I. PY139, C.I. I. PY150, C.I. I. PY128 and C.I. I.
- Organic pigments such as yellow pigments exemplified by PY185, carbon, titanium carbon, iron oxide, titanium white, silica, talc, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, mica, aluminum hydroxide, precipitated barium carbonate, chromium oxide, manganese oxide , And one or more selected from inorganic pigments such as titanium oxide.
- the content of the colorant in the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 1% by mass or more and more preferably 5% by mass or more with respect to the entire solid content of the photosensitive resin composition. It is preferably 10% by mass or more.
- the content of the colorant in the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or less, based on the entire solid content of the photosensitive resin composition. More preferably, it is 60 mass% or less, and it is especially preferable that it is 50 mass% or less. Thereby, sufficient coloring property can be ensured, improving the developability and mechanical characteristic of the resin film formed using the photosensitive resin composition.
- antioxidant can include, for example, one or more selected from the group of phenolic antioxidants, phosphorus antioxidants, and thioether antioxidants.
- the filler can contain 1 type, or 2 or more types selected from inorganic fillers, such as a silica, for example.
- the sensitizer is selected from the group of, for example, anthracene, xanthone, anthraquinone, phenanthrene, chrysene, benzpyrene, fluoracene, rubrene, pyrene, indanthrine and thioxanthen-9-ones 1 type, or 2 or more types can be included.
- the photosensitive resin composition may contain a solvent.
- the photosensitive resin composition is varnished.
- the solvent include propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME), propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), ethyl lactate, methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC), gamma butyrolactone (GBL), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), methyl n-amyl ketone.
- PGME propylene glycol monomethyl ether
- PMEA propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- MIBC methyl isobutyl carbinol
- GBL gamma butyrolactone
- NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
- methyl n-amyl ketone One or more of (MAK), diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether, and benzyl alcohol can be included.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present embodiment can be, for example, a positive type. Thereby, when patterning the resin film formed using the photosensitive resin composition by lithography, it is possible to further facilitate the formation of a fine pattern. It is also possible to contribute to the reduction of the dielectric constant of the resin film. In addition, as compared with a negative photosensitive resin composition to be described later, PEB (Post Exposure Bake) treatment is not necessary when performing lithography, and thus the number of steps can be reduced.
- the photosensitive resin composition is a positive type
- the photosensitive resin composition includes, for example, a polymer (A) and a photosensitive agent. Further, the positive photosensitive resin composition may contain an acid generator together with the polymer (A) and the photosensitive agent. Thereby, the sclerosis
- the positive photosensitive resin composition can further contain components other than the polymer (A), the photosensitive agent, and the acid generator exemplified above.
- Patterning of a resin film formed using a positive photosensitive resin composition can be performed, for example, as follows. First, the exposure process is performed with respect to the resin film obtained by prebaking the coating film of the photosensitive resin composition. Next, the exposed resin film is developed with a developer and then rinsed with pure water. As a result, a resin film on which a pattern is formed is obtained. In addition, when forming a permanent film
- a permanent film having excellent transparency can be realized even in a post-baking process at a high temperature of 230 ° C. or higher, for example. It is. This is the same also about the negative photosensitive resin composition mentioned later.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present embodiment can be a negative type, for example. Thereby, transparency and chemical
- the photosensitive resin composition is a negative type
- the photosensitive resin composition includes, for example, a polymer (A) and a photoacid generator.
- the negative photosensitive resin composition does not contain a photosensitizer.
- a negative photosensitive resin composition can further contain each component other than the polymer (A) illustrated above, a photoacid generator, and a photosensitizer.
- the negative photosensitive resin composition may include, for example, a photo radical polymerization initiator that generates radicals upon irradiation with actinic rays such as ultraviolet rays.
- a photo radical polymerization initiator that generates radicals upon irradiation with actinic rays such as ultraviolet rays.
- the photoradical polymerization initiator include alkylphenone type initiators, oxime ester type initiators, and acylphosphine oxide type polymerization initiators.
- the radical photopolymerization initiator is preferably 5 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 8 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer (A). Is preferred.
- the negative photosensitive resin composition may contain a first crosslinking agent that is crosslinked with the polymer (A) by a radical polymerization initiator.
- the first crosslinking agent is preferably a polyfunctional acrylic compound having two or more (meth) acryloyl groups.
- trifunctional (meth) acrylates such as trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate and pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate
- tetrafunctional (meth) acrylates such as pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate and ditrimethylolpropane tetra (meth) acrylate.
- Acrylates and hexafunctional (meth) acrylates such as dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, and any one or more of these is preferably used.
- the polyfunctional acrylic compound and the polymer (A) can be cross-linked by radicals generated by the radical polymerization initiator, and the polyfunctional acrylic compound is also cross-linked. be able to.
- a film with high chemical resistance can be formed with a negative photosensitive resin composition.
- the first crosslinking agent is preferably 50 to 70 parts by mass, and more preferably 55 to 65 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer (A). Is preferred.
- the negative photosensitive resin composition may contain a second crosslinking agent different from the first crosslinking agent.
- This second cross-linking agent cross-links with the polymer (A) by heat.
- the second cross-linking agent is preferably a compound having a cyclic ether group as a reactive group, and more preferably a compound having a glycidyl group or an oxetanyl group.
- the chemical resistance of a film composed of a negative photosensitive resin composition can be improved.
- a compound which has a glycidyl group the same thing as the compound which has a glycidyl group used as a crosslinking agent mentioned above can be mentioned, for example.
- a compound which has an oxetanyl group the same thing as the compound which has an oxetanyl group used as a crosslinking agent mentioned above can be mentioned, for example.
- the second crosslinking agent is preferably 10 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 15 to 25 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer (A). Is preferred.
- Patterning of a resin film formed using a negative photosensitive resin composition can be performed, for example, as follows. First, the exposure process is performed with respect to the resin film obtained by prebaking the coating film of the photosensitive resin composition. Next, a PEB (Post Exposure Bake) process is performed on the exposed resin film as necessary.
- the PEB conditions are not particularly limited, but can be, for example, 100 to 150 ° C. and 120 seconds. Next, the resin film that has been subjected to the PEB treatment is developed using a developer, and then rinsed with pure water. As a result, a resin film on which a pattern is formed is obtained.
- the electronic device 100 includes an insulating film 20 that is a permanent film formed of, for example, the above-described photosensitive resin composition.
- the electronic device 100 according to the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it includes an insulating film formed of a photosensitive resin composition.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the electronic device 100.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the case where the electronic device 100 is a liquid crystal display device and the insulating film 20 is used as a planarization film.
- An electronic device 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 is provided on, for example, a substrate 10, a transistor 30 provided on the substrate 10, an insulating film 20 provided on the substrate 10 so as to cover the transistor 30, and the insulating film 20. Wiring 40.
- the substrate 10 is, for example, a glass substrate.
- the transistor 30 is a thin film transistor that constitutes a switching element of a liquid crystal display device, for example.
- the transistor 30 shown in FIG. 1 includes, for example, a gate electrode 31, a source electrode 32, a drain electrode 33, a gate insulating film 34, and a semiconductor layer 35.
- the gate electrode 31 is provided on the substrate 10, for example.
- the gate insulating film 34 is provided on the substrate 10 so as to cover the gate electrode 31.
- the semiconductor layer 35 is provided on the gate insulating film 34.
- the semiconductor layer 35 is, for example, a silicon layer.
- the source electrode 32 is provided on the substrate 10 so that a part thereof is in contact with the semiconductor layer 35.
- the drain electrode 33 is provided on the substrate 10 so as to be separated from the source electrode 32 and partially in contact with the semiconductor layer 35.
- the insulating film 20 functions as a planarization film for eliminating a step due to the transistor 30 and the like and forming a flat surface on the substrate 10. Moreover, the insulating film 20 is comprised with the hardened
- the insulating film 20 is provided with an opening 22 that penetrates the insulating film 20 so as to be connected to the drain electrode 33.
- a wiring 40 connected to the drain electrode 33 is formed on the insulating film 20 and in the opening 22.
- the wiring 40 functions as a pixel electrode that constitutes a pixel together with the liquid crystal.
- An alignment film 90 is provided on the insulating film 20 so as to cover the wiring 40.
- a counter substrate 12 is disposed above one surface of the substrate 10 where the transistor 30 is provided so as to face the substrate 10.
- a wiring 42 is provided on one surface of the counter substrate 12 facing the substrate 10. The wiring 42 is provided at a position facing the wiring 40.
- An alignment film 92 is provided on the one surface of the counter substrate 12 so as to cover the wiring 42.
- the liquid crystal constituting the liquid crystal layer 14 is filled between the substrate 10 and the counter substrate 12.
- the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 1 can be formed as follows, for example. First, the transistor 30 is formed over the substrate 10. Next, the photosensitive resin composition is applied to one surface of the substrate 10 on which the transistor 30 is provided by a printing method or a spin coating method, and the insulating film 20 that covers the transistor 30 is formed. Next, lithography processing is performed on the insulating film 20 to pattern the insulating film 20. Thereby, an opening 22 is formed in a part of the insulating film 20. Next, the insulating film 20 is heated and cured. As a result, the insulating film 20 that is a planarizing film is formed on the substrate 10. Next, a wiring 40 connected to the drain electrode 33 is formed in the opening 22 of the insulating film 20. Thereafter, the counter substrate 12 is disposed on the insulating film 20, and liquid crystal is filled between the counter substrate 12 and the insulating film 20 to form the liquid crystal layer 14. As a result, the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 1 is formed.
- Example 1 (Manufacture of polymers) (Example 1) Into a suitably sized reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer and condenser, maleic anhydride (735 g, 7.5 mol), 2-norbornene (706 g, 7.5 mol) and dimethyl 2,2′-azobis (2-methylpro) Pionate) (69 g, 0.3 mol) was weighed and dissolved in methyl ethyl ketone and toluene. After removing dissolved oxygen in the system by nitrogen bubbling, this solution was heat-treated at 60 ° C. for 15 hours with stirring. As a result, a copolymer of 2-norbornene and maleic anhydride was obtained.
- the obtained polymer was a copolymer containing the structural unit represented by Formula (3a) and the structural unit represented by Formula (3b).
- the copolymer contained a structural unit represented by the formula (4a) and a structural unit represented by the formula (4c).
- Example 4 In a suitably sized reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer and a condenser, maleic anhydride (39.2 g, 0.4 mol), (3-ethyloxetan-3-yl) methylbicyclo [2.1.1] hept- 5-ene-2-carboxylate (94.4 g, 0.4 mol) and dimethyl 2,2′-azobis (2-methylpropionate) (9.2 g) were weighed and dissolved in methyl ethyl ketone and toluene. After removing dissolved oxygen in the system by nitrogen bubbling, this solution was heat-treated at 60 ° C. for 15 hours with stirring.
- Example 6 40.0 g of a copolymer of 2-norbornene and maleic anhydride synthesized in the same procedure as in Example 1, 8.0 g of methanol and 152 g of butanol were mixed to form a suspension, and an acidic catalyst and a basic catalyst were added. Without stirring, the mixture was stirred at 100 ° C. for 12 hours. As a result, the maleic anhydride-derived anhydride ring present in the copolymer was opened. Thereafter, PGMEA was added, and methanol and butanol in the system were distilled off under reduced pressure until the residual amount was less than 1%.
- MEK (320 g) was added to the solution, and then a suspension of sodium hydroxide (12.5 g, 0.31 mol), butanol (463.1 g, 6.25 mol), and toluene (480 g) was added. In addition, the mixture was mixed at 45 ° C. for 3 hours. The mixture is cooled to 40 ° C., treated with formic acid (88% by mass aqueous solution, 49.0 g, 0.94 mol) and protonated, and then MEK and water are added to separate the aqueous layer. Inorganic residues were removed. Subsequently, methanol and hexane were added and the organic layer was separated to remove unreacted monomers.
- the dissolution rate of the obtained polymer was measured as follows. First, the polymer solution obtained above was applied onto a silicon wafer by a spin method and then heat-treated at 110 ° C. for 100 seconds to obtain a polymer film having a film thickness H of 3.0 ⁇ m. Next, this polymer film was impregnated with a 2.38% tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution at 23 ° C., and the time T until the polymer film was visually erased was measured. Subsequently, based on the measured value obtained by this, the film thickness H / time T was calculated as a dissolution rate ( ⁇ / sec). The results are shown in Table 1.
- the transmittance of the obtained polymer was measured for each example and each comparative example.
- the polymer solution having a solid content of 20% by mass obtained above is put in a glass cell having an optical path width of 1 cm, and the transmittance (%) for light having a wavelength of 400 nm is measured using an ultraviolet-visible light spectrophotometer. Was done. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the photosensitive resin composition was spin-coated on a 1737 glass substrate manufactured by Corning Inc. having a size of 100 mm in length and 100 mm in width (number of revolutions: 500 rpm), and then subjected to a heat treatment at 100 ° C. for 120 seconds to form a film.
- a thin film having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m was obtained.
- the entire surface of the thin film was exposed for 50 seconds using a g + h + i line mask aligner (PLA-501F) manufactured by Canon Inc.
- the exposed thin film was baked on a hot plate at 120 ° C. for 120 seconds.
- the thin film was developed with a 0.5 mass% tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution at 23 ° C. for 60 seconds, and then rinsed with pure water.
- a post-baking process was performed by heating in an oven for 60 minutes, and a sample composed of a thin film having no pattern was obtained on a glass substrate.
- two samples having post-baking temperatures of 230 ° C. and 250 ° C. were prepared.
- the transmittance (%) of light at a wavelength of 400 nm was measured using an ultraviolet-visible light spectrophotometer. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 transparency evaluation of the photosensitive resin composition manufactured using the obtained polymer was performed as follows. First, 100 parts by mass of the polymer obtained in Example 5, 10 parts by mass of a photopolymerization initiator (IRGACURE OXE-02, manufactured by BASF), and 5 parts by mass of an adhesion assistant (KBM-403, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd.) And 1 part by mass of a surfactant (F-557, manufactured by DIC Corporation) were dissolved in a solvent (propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate) to a solid content of 40% by mass. Next, this solution was filtered through a 0.2 ⁇ m PTFE filter to prepare a photosensitive resin composition.
- a photopolymerization initiator IRGACURE OXE-02, manufactured by BASF
- KBM-403 an adhesion assistant
- F-557 a surfactant
- the photosensitive resin composition was spin-coated on a 1737 glass substrate manufactured by Corning Inc. having a size of 100 mm in length and 100 mm in width (number of revolutions: 500 rpm), and then subjected to a heat treatment at 100 ° C. for 120 seconds to form a film.
- a thin film having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m was obtained.
- the entire surface of the thin film was exposed for 50 seconds using a g + h + i line mask aligner (PLA-501F) manufactured by Canon Inc.
- the thin film was developed with a 0.5 mass% tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution at 23 ° C. for 60 seconds, and then rinsed with pure water.
- a post-baking process was performed by heating in an oven for 30 minutes, and a sample composed of a thin film having no pattern was obtained on a glass substrate.
- two samples having post-baking temperatures of 230 ° C. and 250 ° C. were prepared.
- the transmittance (%) of light at a wavelength of 400 nm was measured using an ultraviolet-visible light spectrophotometer. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the photosensitive resin composition was prepared as follows. 100 parts by mass of the polymer obtained in Example 5, 10 parts by mass of a photopolymerization initiator (IRGACURE OX-02, manufactured by BASF), and 5 parts by mass of an adhesion assistant (KBM-403, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd.) Then, 1 part by mass of a surfactant (F-557, manufactured by DIC Corporation) was dissolved in a solvent (propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate) to a solid content of 50% by mass. Subsequently, this solution was filtered through a 0.2 ⁇ m PTFE filter to prepare a varnish-like photosensitive resin composition.
- a photopolymerization initiator IRGACURE OX-02, manufactured by BASF
- KBM-403 an adhesion assistant
- F-557 propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- the viscosity at 25 ° C. of the photosensitive resin composition immediately after preparation was measured using an E-type viscometer, and this was defined as the initial viscosity ⁇ 0 .
- the sealed container containing the photosensitive resin composition immediately after preparation was stored for 7 days at an air temperature of 30 ⁇ 1 ° C., and the viscosity of the photosensitive resin composition after storage was measured at 25 ° C. It was set to 1 .
- viscosity change rate (eta) 1 / (eta) 0 * 100 was computed from these measurement results.
- the stability evaluation with time was performed with ⁇ indicating that the viscosity change rate was 150% or less, and x indicating that the viscosity change rate exceeded 150%. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a step of opening an anhydrous ring without using an acidic catalyst and a basic catalyst is performed.
- the favorable result is obtained compared with the comparative example about the transparency of the cured film formed using the photosensitive resin composition containing a polymer (A).
- the favorable result was obtained also about the temporal stability of the photosensitive resin composition containing a polymer (A).
- a good pattern could be formed by exposing and developing the resin film obtained by applying the photosensitive resin composition containing the polymer (A).
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Abstract
Description
本発明者らの検討によると、無水マレイン酸由来の無水環を開環するための触媒の種類を調整することにより、得られる樹脂膜の透明性を向上できることを明らかにした。しかし、このような感光性樹脂組成物は経時安定性に劣っていた。
ノルボルネン型モノマーと、無水マレイン酸と、を重合させて共重合体を得る工程と、
酸性触媒および塩基性触媒を添加せずに、下記式(1)で示される化合物を添加した前記共重合体に対して第1加熱処理を行い、前記共重合体中に存在する無水マレイン酸由来の無水環を開環させる工程と、
を備えるポリマーの製造方法が提供される。
下記式(3a)により示される構造単位および下記式(3b)により示される構造単位を含むポリマーを備える感光性樹脂組成物であって、
前記ポリマーの波長400nmの光に対する透過率が40%以上であり、
以下の条件により測定される粘度変化率が150%以下である感光性樹脂組成物が提供される。
<条件>
前記感光性樹脂組成物を固形分50質量%となるように有機溶媒に溶解して得たワニスについて、保管前の25℃における初期粘度をη0とし、気温30±1℃で7日間保管した後の25℃における粘度をη1として、η1/η0×100を粘度変化率とする。
上記感光性樹脂組成物の硬化膜を備える電子装置が提供される。
ここで、本発明者らの検討によると、無水マレイン酸由来の無水環を開環するための触媒の種類を調整することにより、得られる樹脂膜の透明性が向上できることを明らかにした。しかし、このような感光性樹脂組成物は経時安定性に劣っていた。また、本発明者らの検討によると、例えば、ノルボルネン型モノマーの置換基としてグリシジル基やオキセタニル基を有するポリマー中の無水マレイン酸由来の無水環を開環する際に酸触媒を使用すると、カチオン重合が進行し、ゲル化してしまう場合があることが明らかになった。そのため、触媒を使用する場合は、使用するノルボルネン型モノマーや上記式(1)で示される化合物の構造に制約があった。
まず、ポリマー(A)について説明する。
本実施形態に係るポリマー(A)は、下記式(3a)により示される構造単位および下記式(3b)により示される構造単位を含む。
まず、ノルボルネン型モノマーと、無水マレイン酸と、を用意する。ノルボルネン型モノマーとしては、たとえば上記式(2)により示されるものを用いることができる。これにより、得られるポリマー(A)を用いて得られる感光性樹脂組成物について、感光性樹脂組成物に求められる諸特性のバランスを向上させることが可能となる。
次に、重合工程(処理S1)により得られた共重合体(A1)中に存在する無水マレイン酸由来の無水環を開環させる。このように、無水環を開環させることにより、ポリマー(A)を備える感光性樹脂組成物の溶解速度を向上させることができる。本実施形態において、無水環の開環は、酸性触媒および塩基性触媒を添加せずに、下記式(1)で示される化合物を一種または二種以上添加した共重合体(A1)に対して加熱処理を行うことにより行われる。このように、酸性触媒および塩基性触媒を添加せずに共重合体(A1)中に存在する無水環の開環を行うことによって、上述のとおり、製造されるポリマー(P)を備える感光性樹脂組成物の経時安定性や、当該感光性樹脂組成物を用いて形成される樹脂膜の透明性を向上させることが可能となる。本実施形態では、たとえば共重合体(A1)を溶媒に溶解した溶解液に対して上記加熱処理を行うことができる。
また、開環工程(処理S2)は密閉系で実施してもよいし、開放系で実施してもよい。開環工程(処理S2)を密閉系でおこなうと、内温がより高まり反応時間を短縮することができる。
本実施形態に係るポリマー(A)の製造方法においては、開環工程(処理S2)の後において、溶媒置換を行うことができる。溶媒置換は、たとえば蒸留によって上記式(1)で示される化合物を除去し、PGMEA等の製品溶媒を添加しながら系内を置換していくことにより行うことができる。
本実施形態に係るポリマー(A)の製造方法においては、開環工程(処理S2)の後において、共重合体(A1)に対して加熱処理を行う工程をさらに含むことができる。これにより、共重合体(A1)中における無水環の開環構造の脱水による再度の閉環が生じる。このため、ポリマー(A)の溶解速度を低下させることが可能となる。このように、ポリマー(A)の溶解速度を本工程において再度調整することにより、ポリマー(A)を含む感光性樹脂組成物の溶解速度をより高度に制御することが可能となる。
本実施形態においては、たとえばこのようにしてポリマー(A)が製造される。
次に、感光性樹脂組成物について説明する。
本実施形態に係る感光性樹脂組成物は、たとえば永久膜を形成するために用いることができる。上記永久膜は、感光性樹脂組成物を硬化させることにより得られる硬化膜により構成される。本実施形態においては、たとえば感光性樹脂組成物により構成される塗膜を露光および現像により所望の形状にパターニングした後、当該塗膜を熱処理等によって硬化させることにより永久膜が形成される。一方で、感光性樹脂組成物は、リソグラフィ処理において用いるフォトレジストを形成するために用いられてもよい。
また、感光性樹脂組成物の永久膜以外の用途としては、エッチングレジスト等のフォトレジスト、MEMS等の微細加工用途等が挙げられる。
なお、本実施形態における感光性樹脂組成物は、上記において例示したエポキシ化合物を一種または二種以上含むことが可能である。
アミノシランとしては、たとえばビス(2―ヒドロキシエチル)-3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、γ―アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、γ―アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ―アミノプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン、γ―アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、N―β(アミノエチル)γ―アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、N―β(アミノエチル)γ―アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、N―β(アミノエチル)γ―アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、N―β(アミノエチル)γ―アミノプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン、およびN―フェニル-γ―アミノ-プロピルトリメトキシシランが挙げられる。エポキシシランとしては、たとえばγ―グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ―グリシドキシプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン、γ―グリシドキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、およびβ―(3、4エポキシシクロヘキシル)エチルトリメトキシシランが挙げられる。アクリルシランとしては、たとえばγ―(メタクリロキシプロピル)トリメトキシシラン、γ―(メタクリロキシプロピル)メチルジメトキシシラン、およびγ―(メタクリロキシプロピル)メチルジエトキシシランが挙げられる。メルカプトシランとしては、たとえばγ―メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシランが挙げられる。ビニルシランとしては、たとえばビニルトリス(βメトキシエトキシ)シラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、およびビニルトリメトキシシランが挙げられる。ウレイドシランとしては、たとえば3-ウレイドプロピルトリエトキシシランが挙げられる。スルフィドシランとしては、たとえばビス(3-(トリエトキシシリル)プロピル)ジスルフィド、およびビス(3-(トリエトキシシリル)プロピル)テトラスルフィドが挙げられる。
感光性樹脂組成物がポジ型である場合には、感光性樹脂組成物は、たとえばポリマー(A)と、感光剤と、を含む。また、ポジ型である感光性樹脂組成物は、ポリマー(A)および感光剤とともに、酸発生剤を含んでいてもよい。これにより、感光性樹脂組成物の硬化性をより効果的に向上させることができる。なお、ポジ型の感光性樹脂組成物は、上記において例示した、ポリマー(A)、感光剤、および酸発生剤以外の各成分をさらに含むことが可能である。
なお、感光性樹脂組成物を用いて永久膜を形成する場合には、たとえばパターニング後の樹脂膜に対してポストベーク処理を行うことができる。ポストベーク処理は、たとえば150℃以上300℃以下の条件で行われる。本実施形態に係る感光性樹脂組成物を用いて永久膜を作製することにより、たとえば230℃以上という高温でのポストベーク処理であっても優れた透明性を有する永久膜を実現することが可能である。これは、後述するネガ型感光性樹脂組成物についても同様である。
光ラジカル重合開始剤としては、アルキルフェノン型の開始剤、オキシムエステル型の開始剤、アシルフォスフィンオキサイド型の重合開始剤等が挙げられる。
例えば、1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン、2,2-ジメトキシ-1,2-ジフェニルエタン-1-オン、2-メチル-1[4-(メチルチオ)フェニル]-2-モリフォリノプロパン-1-オン、2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-フェニルプロパン-1-オン、1-[4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)-フェニル]-2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-プロパン-1-オン、ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)-フェニルフォスフィンオキサイド、1,2-オクタンジオン,1-[4-(フェニルチオ)-,2-(O-ベンゾイルオキシム) ]、エタノン,1-[9-エチル-6-(2-メチルベンゾイル)-9H-カルバゾール-3-イル]-,1-(0-アセチルオキシム)等が挙げられ、これらのうち、いずれか1種以上を使用することができる。
第一の架橋剤は、2以上の(メタ)アクリロイル基を有する多官能アクリル化合物であることが好ましい。
なかでも、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリ(メタ)アクリレート等の三官能(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、ジトリメチロールプロパンテトラ(メタ)アクリレート等の四官能(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ(メタ)アクリレート等の六官能(メタ)アクリレートがあげられ、これらのうちいずれか1以上を使用することが好ましい。
ネガ型の感光性樹脂組成物において、第一の架橋剤は、ポリマー(A)を100質量部に対し、50~70質量部であることが好ましく、さらには、55~65質量部であることが好ましい。
この第二の架橋剤は、反応性基として、環状エーテル基を有する化合物が好ましく、なかでも、グリシジル基あるいはオキセタニル基を有する化合物が好ましい。このような第二の架橋剤を使用することで、ネガ型の感光性樹脂組成物で構成される膜の耐薬品性を向上させることができる。
グリシジル基を有する化合物としては、例えば、前述した架橋剤として用いられるグリシジル基を有する化合物と同様のものを挙げることができる。
また、オキセタニル基を有する化合物としては、例えば、前述した架橋剤として用いられるオキセタニル基を有する化合物と同様のものを挙げることができる。
次に、本実施形態に係る電子装置100について説明する。
電子装置100は、たとえば上述の感光性樹脂組成物により形成される永久膜である絶縁膜20を備える。本実施形態に係る電子装置100は、感光性樹脂組成物により形成される絶縁膜を備えるものであればとくに限定されないが、たとえば絶縁膜20を平坦化膜やカラーフィルタ、マイクロレンズとして有する表示装置や、絶縁膜20を層間絶縁膜として用いた多層配線構造を備える半導体装置等が挙げられる。
図1においては、電子装置100が液晶表示装置であり、絶縁膜20が平坦化膜として用いられる場合が例示されている。図1に示す電子装置100は、たとえば基板10と、基板10上に設けられたトランジスタ30と、トランジスタ30を覆うように基板10上に設けられた絶縁膜20と、絶縁膜20上に設けられた配線40と、を備えている。
絶縁膜20上および開口22内には、ドレイン電極33と接続する配線40が形成されている。配線40は、液晶とともに画素を構成する画素電極として機能する。
また、絶縁膜20上には、配線40を覆うように配向膜90が設けられている。
基板10と当該対向基板12との間には、液晶層14を構成する液晶が充填される。
まず、基板10上にトランジスタ30を形成する。次いで、基板10のうちトランジスタ30が設けられた一面上に、印刷法あるいはスピンコート法により上記感光性樹脂組成物を塗布し、トランジスタ30を覆う絶縁膜20を形成する。次いで、絶縁膜20に対してリソグラフィ処理を行い、絶縁膜20をパターニングする。これにより、絶縁膜20の一部に開口22を形成する。次いで、絶縁膜20を加熱硬化させる。これにより、基板10上に、平坦化膜である絶縁膜20が形成されることとなる。
次いで、絶縁膜20の開口22内に、ドレイン電極33に接続された配線40を形成する。その後、絶縁膜20上に対向基板12を配置し、対向基板12と絶縁膜20との間に液晶を充填し、液晶層14を形成する。
これにより、図1に示す電子装置100が形成されることとなる。
(実施例1)
撹拌機、冷却管を備えた適切なサイズの反応容器に、無水マレイン酸(735g、7.5mol)、2-ノルボルネン(706g、7.5mol)およびジメチル2,2'-アゾビス(2-メチルプロピオネート)(69g、0.3mol)を計量し、メチルエチルケトンおよびトルエンに溶解させた。この溶解液に対して、窒素バブリングにより系内の溶存酸素を除去した後、撹拌しつつ60℃、15時間の条件で熱処理を施した。これにより、2-ノルボルネンと無水マレイン酸の共重合体を得た。次いで、室温まで冷却した上記溶解液を大量のメタノールを用いて再沈させた後、析出物をろ取し、真空乾燥機にて乾燥させ、1100gの白色固体を得た。この白色固体400gをブタノール(1600g)と混合して懸濁液とし、酸性触媒および塩基性触媒は添加せずに、110℃、24時間の条件で撹拌した。これにより、上記共重合体中に存在する無水マレイン酸由来の無水環を開環させた。その後、PGMEAを添加し、系内のブタノールを残留量1%未満となるまで減圧留去した。これにより、固形分20質量%のポリマー溶液1100gを得た(GPC Mw=13100、Mn=6860)。アルカリ溶解速度は8,400Å/秒であった。また、得られたポリマーは、式(3a)により示される構造単位と、式(3b)により示される構造単位と、を含む共重合体であった。また、当該共重合体は、式(4a)により示される構造単位、および式(4c)により示される構造単位を含んでいた。
開環反応に使用するブタノールの量を2400gとした以外は実施例1と同様の手順によりポリマー溶液を得た。Mw=12,350、Mn=7,220。アルカリ溶解速度は12,000Å/秒であった。また、得られたポリマーは、式(3a)により示される構造単位と、式(3b)により示される構造単位と、を含む共重合体であった。また、当該共重合体は、式(4a)により示される構造単位、および式(4c)により示される構造単位を含んでいた。
実施例1と同様の手順で合成した2-ノルボルネンと無水マレイン酸の共重合体5.0gとベンジルアルコール25.0gとを混合して懸濁液とし、酸性触媒および塩基性触媒は添加せずに、100℃、12時間の条件で撹拌した。これにより、上記共重合体中に存在する無水マレイン酸由来の無水環を開環させた。その後、PGMEAを添加し、系内のベンジルアルコールを残留量1%未満となるまで減圧留去した。これにより、固形分20質量%のポリマー溶液17gを得た(GPC Mw=10400、Mn=4590)。アルカリ溶解速度は11,800Å/秒であった。
撹拌機、冷却管を備えた適切なサイズの反応容器に、無水マレイン酸(39.2g、0.4mol)、(3-エチルオキセタン-3-イル)メチルビシクロ[2.1.1]ヘプト-5-エン-2-カルボキシレート(94.4g、0.4mol)およびジメチル2,2'-アゾビス(2-メチルプロピオネート)(9.2g)を計量し、メチルエチルケトンおよびトルエンに溶解させた。この溶解液に対して、窒素バブリングにより系内の溶存酸素を除去した後、撹拌しつつ60℃、15時間の条件で熱処理を施した。これにより、(3-エチルオキセタン-3-イル)メチルビシクロ[2.1.1]ヘプト-5-エン-2-カルボキシレートと無水マレイン酸の共重合体を得た。次いで、室温まで冷却した上記溶解液を大量のメタノールを用いて再沈させた後、これにより析出された析出物を洗浄した。真空乾燥機にて24時間乾燥させ、62gの白色固体を得た。この白色固体30gをブタノール(150g)と混合して懸濁液とし、酸性触媒および塩基性触媒は添加せずに、115℃、24時間の条件で撹拌した。系内を50℃まで冷却し、アセトン30gを添加した。次いで、室温まで冷却した溶解液を大量のヘプタンを用いて再沈させた後、析出物を洗浄、ろ取した。真空乾燥機にて乾燥させ、32gのポリマーを得た(GPC Mw=7600、Mn=4500)。アルカリ溶解速度は4,800Å/秒であった。
また、得られたポリマーをPGMEAに溶解し、固形分35質量%のポリマー溶液を得た。次いで、PGMEAによりポリマー溶液の濃度を固形分20質量%に調整した。
実施例1と同様の手順で合成した2-ノルボルネンと無水マレイン酸の共重合体10.0gと4-ヒドロキシブチルアクリレート37g、ヒドロキノン0.5gとを混合して懸濁液とし、酸性触媒および塩基性触媒は添加せずに、80℃、20時間の条件で撹拌した。その後、大量の純水にて再沈したのち、真空乾燥機で乾燥させ、ポリマー12gを得た(GPC Mw=20670、Mn=7940)。アルカリ溶解速度は16,500Å/秒であった。
また、得られたポリマーをPGMEAに溶解し、固形分20質量%のポリマー溶液を得た。
実施例1と同様の手順で合成した2-ノルボルネンと無水マレイン酸の共重合体40.0gとメタノール8.0g、ブタノール152gとを混合して懸濁液とし、酸性触媒および塩基性触媒は添加せずに、100℃、12時間の条件で撹拌した。これにより、上記共重合体中に存在する無水マレイン酸由来の無水環を開環させた。その後、PGMEAを添加し、系内のメタノール及びブタノールを残留量1%未満となるまで減圧留去した。これにより、固形分35質量%のポリマー溶液132gを得た(GPC Mw=11400、Mn=5400)。アルカリ溶解速度は14,000Å/秒であった。次いで、PGMEAによりポリマー溶液の濃度を固形分20質量%に調整した。
撹拌機、冷却管を備えた適切なサイズの反応容器に、無水マレイン酸(MA、122.4g、1.25mol)、2-ノルボルネン(NB、117.6g、1.25mol)およびジメチル2,2'-アゾビス(2-メチルプロピオネート)(11.5g、50.0mmol)を計量し、メチルエチルケトン(MEK、150.8g)およびトルエン(77.7g)に溶解させた。この溶解液に対して、10分間窒素を通気して酸素を除去し、その後、撹拌しつつ60℃、16時間、加熱した。その後、この溶解液に対してMEK(320g)を加えた後、水酸化ナトリウム(12.5g、0.31mol)、ブタノール(463.1g、6.25mol)、トルエン(480g)の懸濁液に加え、45℃で3時間混合した。そして、この混合液を40℃まで冷却し、ギ酸(88質量%水溶液、49.0g、0.94mol)で処理してプロトン付加し、その後、MEKおよび水を加え、水層を分離することで、無機残留物を除去した。次いで、メタノール、ヘキサンを加え有機層を分離することで未反応モノマーを除去した。さらにPGMEAを添加し、系内のメタノール及びブタノールを残留量1%未満となるまで減圧留去した。これにより、固形分20質量%のポリマー溶液1107.7gを得た(GPC Mw=13,700、Mn=7,030)。
実施例1と同様の手順で合成した2-ノルボルネンと無水マレイン酸の共重合体5.0gをTHF150gに溶解させ、ブタノール20g、濃硫酸0.5gを添加した。還流状態で8時間反応させたのち、大量の純水で再沈した。真空乾燥機で乾燥させ5.1gのポリマーを得た(GPC Mw=9,700、Mn=4,170)。
また、得られたポリマーをPGMEAに溶解し、固形分20質量%のポリマー溶液を得た。
各実施例および各比較例について、得られたポリマーの溶解速度を次のようにして測定した。まず、上記で得られたポリマー溶液を、シリコンウェハ上にスピン方式で塗布した後、110℃、100秒の条件で熱処理して、膜厚Hが3.0μmのポリマー膜を得た。次いで、このポリマー膜を23℃で2.38%のテトラメチルアンモニウムハイドロオキサイド水溶液に含浸させ、視覚的にポリマー膜が消去するまでの時間Tを測定した。次いで、これにより得られた測定値に基づいて、膜厚H/時間Tを溶解速度(Å/秒)として算出した。結果を表1に示す。
各実施例および各比較例について、得られたポリマーの透過率を測定した。測定は、上記で得られた固形分20質量%のポリマー溶液を光路幅1cmのガラスセルに入れ、紫外-可視光分光光度計を用いて、波長400nmの光に対する透過率(%)を測定することにより行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1~4、6および比較例1~2について、得られたポリマーを用いて製造される感光性樹脂組成物の透明性評価を次のようにして行った。まず、上記で得られたポリマー100質量部と、光酸発生剤(CPI-210S、サンアプロ(株)製)5質量部と、エポキシ化合物(エポライト100MF、共栄社化学工業(株)製)50質量部と、密着助剤(KBM-403、信越シリコーン(株)製)5質量部と、界面活性剤(F-557、DIC(株)製)1質量部と、を溶剤(プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート)に固形分25質量%となるように溶解させた。次いで、この溶解液を0.2μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過して、感光性樹脂組成物を調製した。
まず、実施例5で得られたポリマー100質量部と、光重合開始剤(IRGACURE OXE-02、BASF製)10質量部と、密着助剤(KBM-403、信越シリコーン(株)製)5質量部と、界面活性剤(F-557、DIC(株)製)1質量部と、を溶剤(プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート)に固形分40質量%となるように溶解させた。次いで、この溶解液を0.2μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過して、感光性樹脂組成物を調製した。
次いで、上記感光性樹脂組成物を、縦100mm、横100mmサイズのコーニング社製1737ガラス基板に回転塗布(回転数500rpm)した後、100℃、120秒間ホットプレートにて熱処理を施すことにより、膜厚10μmの薄膜を得た。次いで、上記薄膜を、キヤノン(株)製g+h+i線マスクアライナー(PLA-501F)を用いて50秒間全面露光した。次いで、上記薄膜を、0.5質量%水酸化テトラメチルアンモニウム水溶液を用いて23℃、60秒間現像した後、純水でリンスした。次いで、オーブン中で30間加熱することによりポストベーク処理を行い、パターンのない薄膜からなるサンプルをガラス基板上に得た。ここでは、ポストベーク処理の温度が230℃、250℃である2つのサンプルを作製した。次いで、これらの各サンプルについて、光の波長400nmにおける透過率(%)を、紫外-可視光分光光度計を用いて測定した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1~6および比較例1~2について、得られたポリマーを用いて製造される感光性樹脂組成物の経時安定性評価を次のようにして行った。
まず、実施例1~4、6および比較例1~2については以下のように感光性樹脂組成物を調製した。上記で得られたポリマー100質量部と、架橋剤としてプリンテック(株)製VG3101Lを40質量部と、ダイソー(株)製LX-01を15質量部と、感光剤としてダイトーケミックス製PA-28を20質量部と、界面活性剤としてDIC社製F-556を0.5質量部とを固形分50質量%となるようにプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテートに溶解させた。次いで、この溶解液を0.2μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過して、ワニス状の感光性樹脂組成物を調製した。
実施例5で得られたポリマー100質量部と、光重合開始剤(IRGACURE OXE-02、BASF社製)10質量部と、密着助剤(KBM-403、信越シリコーン(株)製)5質量部と、界面活性剤(F-557、DIC(株)製)1質量部と、を溶剤(プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート)に固形分50質量%となるよう溶解させた。次いで、この溶解液を0.2μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過して、ワニス状の感光性樹脂組成物を調製した。
Claims (7)
- 請求項1または2に記載のポリマーの製造方法において、
無水環を開環させる前記工程後に得られる前記共重合体について、以下の測定方法により算出される溶解速度が1000Å/秒以上であるポリマーの製造方法。
<測定方法>
まず、無水環を開環させる前記工程後の前記共重合体を、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテートに溶解させ、固形分20質量%に調整したポリマー溶液を得る。次いで、前記ポリマー溶液をシリコンウェハ上にスピン方式で塗布した後、110℃、100秒の条件で熱処理して、膜厚Hが3μmのポリマー膜を得る。次いで、前記ポリマー膜を23℃で2.38%のテトラメチルアンモニウムハイドロオキサイド水溶液に含浸させ、視覚的に前記ポリマー膜が消去するまでの時間Tを測定する。次いで、これにより得られた測定値に基づいて、膜厚H/時間Tを前記溶解速度として算出する。 - 請求項1~3いずれか一項に記載のポリマーの製造方法において、
前記第1加熱処理は、30℃以上200℃以下の条件で行われるポリマーの製造方法。 - 請求項1~4いずれか一項に記載のポリマーの製造方法において、
前記無水環を開環させる前記工程の後において、前記共重合体に対して第2加熱処理する工程をさらに含むポリマーの製造方法。 - 下記式(3a)により示される構造単位および下記式(3b)により示される構造単位を含むポリマーを備える感光性樹脂組成物であって、
前記ポリマーの波長400nmの光に対する透過率が40%以上であり、
以下の条件により測定される粘度変化率が150%以下である感光性樹脂組成物。
(式(3a)中、nは0、1または2である。R1、R2、R3およびR4はそれぞれ独立して水素または炭素数1~30の有機基である。式(3b)中、Aは下記式(4a)、(4b)、(4c)または(4d)により示される構造単位である)
(上記式(4a)、(4b)中、R5、R6およびR7はそれぞれ独立して酸素原子を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~18の炭化水素基である)
<条件>
前記感光性樹脂組成物を固形分50質量%となるように有機溶媒に溶解して得たワニスについて、保管前の25℃における初期粘度をη0とし、気温30±1℃で7日間保管した後の25℃における粘度をη1として、η1/η0×100を粘度変化率とする。 - 請求項6に記載の感光性樹脂組成物の硬化膜を備える電子装置。
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CN107531824A (zh) | 2018-01-02 |
JP6677247B2 (ja) | 2020-04-08 |
KR101914409B1 (ko) | 2018-11-01 |
CN107531824B (zh) | 2020-11-17 |
TW201708284A (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
KR20170140307A (ko) | 2017-12-20 |
JPWO2016175103A1 (ja) | 2018-02-22 |
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