WO2014084165A1 - ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子およびポリプロピレン系樹脂型内発泡成形体ならびにそれらの製造方法 - Google Patents
ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子およびポリプロピレン系樹脂型内発泡成形体ならびにそれらの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/3442—Mixing, kneading or conveying the foamable material
- B29C44/3446—Feeding the blowing agent
- B29C44/3453—Feeding the blowing agent to solid plastic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/3461—Making or treating expandable particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D25/00—Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D25/28—Handles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D25/00—Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D25/28—Handles
- B65D25/30—Hand holes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0028—Use of organic additives containing nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/122—Hydrogen, oxygen, CO2, nitrogen or noble gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
- C08J9/18—Making expandable particles by impregnating polymer particles with the blowing agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
- C08J9/228—Forming foamed products
- C08J9/232—Forming foamed products by sintering expandable particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/14—Copolymers of propene
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
- B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
- B29K2105/048—Expandable particles, beads or granules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7162—Boxes, cartons, cases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/034—Post-expanding of foam beads or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/06—CO2, N2 or noble gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08J2323/14—Copolymers of propene
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
- Y10T428/1376—Foam or porous material containing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polypropylene resin foamed particle, a polypropylene resin foam-molded product (for example, a return box) formed by foam-molding a polypropylene resin foamed particle, and a method for producing the same.
- An in-mold foam molded article obtained using polypropylene resin foam particles has features such as shape flexibility, light weight, and heat insulation, which are advantages of the in-mold foam molded article.
- In-mold foam moldings obtained using polypropylene resin foam particles are more resistant to chemicals, heat and strain after compression compared to in-mold foam moldings obtained using polystyrene resin foam particles.
- the dimensional accuracy, heat resistance, and compressive strength are superior as compared with an in-mold foam molded product obtained using polyethylene resin expanded particles.
- in-mold foam molded products obtained using polypropylene resin foam particles are used in various applications such as automotive interior parts, automotive bumper core materials, heat insulating materials, cushioning packaging materials, and returnable boxes. ing.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a polypropylene resin pre-expanded particle using a polypropylene resin having a specific melt flow rate, melting point, and flexural modulus as a base resin, and obtained from the polypropylene resin pre-expanded particle. It also describes the returnable boxes.
- a method is adopted in which a return box is manufactured using polypropylene resin expanded particles having a base resin made of a highly rigid polypropylene resin having a flexural modulus of 1300 MPa or more.
- the heating water vapor pressure tends to be high.
- the polypropylene resin foam particles are filled in a mold, fused with heated steam, and then cooled. The molding cycle until the in-mold foam molding was taken out tends to be long.
- the return box is often provided with a handle structure so that the operator can easily carry it.
- the return box that carries heavy parts it is not a structure that simply catches the operator's finger. It is preferable to use a handle structure that allows a person to insert a finger and hold it firmly (for example, Patent Document 2).
- a polypropylene resin pre-expanded particle having a ratio Mz / Mn of Z average molecular weight Mz to number average molecular weight Mn of 16 or less, which serves as an index of molecular weight distribution is disclosed (for example, Patent Documents 3 and 4).
- the use of polypropylene resin pre-expanded particles having an Mz / Mn ratio of 16 or less describes that the surface of the plate-shaped molded body and the surface of the molded body on which protrusions are formed are excellent.
- a method for producing a polypropylene resin having an Mz / Mn ratio of 20 or more is also disclosed (for example, Patent Documents 5 to 9), and a technique for producing a polypropylene resin having an Mz / Mn ratio of 20 or more is known.
- Technology Even if the polypropylene resin foamed particles are produced simply by using a polypropylene resin having Mz / Mn of 20 or more, it is not possible to obtain a returnable box molded article having a short molding cycle and excellent surface properties.
- Patent Document 10 although there is no description of the Mz / Mn ratio, a method for producing a polypropylene resin having a polydispersity index higher than 15 considered as an index of molecular weight distribution, and propylene beads obtained from the polypropylene resin, A food foam package obtained from the propylene beads is also disclosed.
- the Mz / Mn value obtained from the average molecular weight does not coincide with the polydispersity index value obtained from the storage elastic modulus or loss elastic modulus at the time of melting, and there is no knowledge that there is a logical correlation.
- Patent Document 10 has no description about the molding cycle when propylene beads are subjected to in-mold foam molding and the surface properties of the in-mold foam molded article.
- Patent Document 10 also describes that the melt strength is higher than 1.50 cN. However, if the melt strength is too high, high-expansion polypropylene-based expanded resin particles cannot be obtained. There is a problem in that the surface properties of the material are significantly reduced.
- JP 2009-280783 A US Patent Application Publication No. 2009/0223979 JP 2008-255213 A JP-A-8-259724 JP 2008-133351 A International Publication No. 2004/113442 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-171924 International Publication No. 2010/032793 JP 2009-057474 A Special table 2008-545054 gazette
- the present invention provides a polypropylene resin foamed particle having a short molding cycle at the time of in-mold foam molding, and the surface of an in-mold foam molded article such as a return box obtained by in-mold foam molding of the polypropylene resin foamed particle. It is something that makes beauty beautiful.
- the present invention provides moldability without performing operations such as applying an internal pressure exceeding the atmospheric pressure to the polypropylene resin foamed particles or compressing with a gas and filling the mold during foam molding in the mold.
- In-mold foam molded articles such as polypropylene resin expanded particles and returnable boxes, and methods for producing them are provided.
- the present inventor has a ratio Mz / Mn of Z average molecular weight Mz to number average molecular weight Mn of 20 to 300, preferably 20 to 140, and a melt flow rate of 5 g / 10 min. 20 g / 10 min or less, a polypropylene random copolymer having a melt strength of 2.5 cN or less, preferably 1.5 cN or less, and a flexural modulus of 600 MPa or more and 1600 MPa or less, preferably 1300 MPa or more and 1600 MPa or less.
- the present inventors have found that the polypropylene resin expanded particles can solve the above-mentioned problems, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention has the following configuration.
- Ratio Mz / Mn of Z average molecular weight Mz to number average molecular weight Mn is 20 or more and 300 or less, melt flow rate is 5 g / 10 min or more and 20 g / 10 min or less, melt strength is 2.5 cN or less, and flexural elasticity
- the polypropylene random copolymer is a propylene / 1-butene random copolymer and / or a propylene / ethylene / 1-butene random copolymer, according to any one of the above [1] to [5].
- the expanded polypropylene resin particle according to any one of [1] to [7] which has at least two heat of fusion regions in measurement by differential scanning calorimetry.
- the expanded polypropylene resin particle according to any one of [1] to [9], which is contained in an amount of 5% by weight or less.
- the ratio Mz / Mn of the Z average molecular weight Mz to the number average molecular weight Mn is 20 to 300, the melt flow rate is 5 g / 10 min to 20 g / 10 min, the melt strength is 2.5 cN or less, and flexural elasticity
- Polypropylene resin particles made of a polypropylene random copolymer having a rate of 600 MPa or more and 1600 MPa or less are accommodated in a pressure vessel together with water and a foaming agent, dispersed under stirring conditions, heated and pressurized, and then the pressure vessel
- a method for producing polypropylene resin expanded particles wherein the dispersion in the pressure vessel is discharged into a pressure region lower than the internal pressure of the resin to expand the polypropylene resin particles.
- Polypropylene resin expanded particles produced by the method described in [11] or [12] above are used as one-stage expanded particles, and the single-stage expanded particles are impregnated with an inorganic gas to give an internal pressure, and then 0.04 MPa
- An in-mold foam-molded article comprising the polypropylene resin foam particles according to any one of [1] to [10].
- the in-mold foam molded article according to [14] which is a returnable box.
- the expanded polypropylene resin particles of the present invention are characterized by a fast molding cycle when performing in-mold foam molding.
- the surface of the molded body of the polypropylene resin-in-mold foam-molded product obtained by foam-molding the polypropylene-based resin foam particles of the present invention is beautiful.
- the in-mold foam molded body is a through box provided with a handle on the side wall portion where an operator can insert and hold a finger
- the surface around the handle having a structure in which the operator inserts the finger Will also be a beautiful returnable box.
- expanded polypropylene resin expanded particles having a wider processing width can be obtained.
- the DSC curve (temperature vs. endothermic amount) obtained from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of the polypropylene resin expanded particles used in the present invention, wherein the temperature is increased from 40 ° C. to 220 ° C. at a rate of temperature increase of 10 ° C./min. It is an example.
- the DSC curve has two melting calorie regions, a low temperature side melting calorie region (low temperature side melting calorie Ql) and a high temperature side melting calorie region (high temperature side melting calorie Qh).
- the polypropylene resin used in the present invention is heated from 40 ° C. to 220 ° C. at a rate of 10 ° C./min, then cooled from 220 ° C. to 40 ° C.
- Tm is the melting point
- Tf is the melting end temperature
- Tm is the melting point
- Tf is the melting end temperature
- FIG. 3 the in-mold foam molding mold in which a polypropylene resin foam particle is filled into a mold composed of a fixed mold and a movable mold through a filling machine. It is a longitudinal section showing an example of a type. It is a perspective view which shows the return box which has a handle which is the other embodiment of the in-mold foam molded object of this invention.
- FIG. 6 is a VI-VI cross-sectional view showing a cross-section of a side wall portion having a handle in the in-mold foam-molded body (a return box having a handle) of FIG. 5.
- FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state in which polypropylene resin foam particles are filled into a mold composed of a fixed mold and a movable mold through a filling machine in the in-mold foam molding process of the return box having the handle illustrated in FIG. 5.
- the polypropylene resin used for the base resin of the expanded polypropylene resin particles of the present invention is a polypropylene random copolymer containing propylene and a comonomer other than propylene.
- the comonomer include 1-butene, ethylene, isobutene, 1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3,4-dimethyl-1-butene, 1-butene, Examples thereof include ⁇ -olefins having 2 or 4 to 12 carbon atoms such as heptene, 3-methyl-1-hexene, 1-octene and 1-decene. These comonomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- 1-butene and / or ethylene is used as a comonomer from the viewpoint of excellent foamability when obtaining polypropylene-based resin expanded particles and excellent surface properties when formed into a polypropylene-based resin mold.
- a polypropylene random copolymer containing both 1-butene and ethylene is more preferable.
- the total of the comonomer contents in the polypropylene resin of the present invention is preferably 1% by weight to 10% by weight in 100% by weight of the polypropylene resin.
- Polypropylene resins having a total comonomer content of less than 1% by weight in a polypropylene resin have a strong tendency to become a resin having a melting point exceeding 160 ° C. Even if the obtained expanded particles are subjected to in-mold foam molding, molding pressure (water vapor Heating pressure) exceeds 0.40 MPa (gauge pressure), and molding may be difficult. Even if the in-mold foam molding is performed on the foamed particles obtained at a molding pressure of 0.40 MPa (gauge pressure) or less, the molding cycle tends to be long.
- the comonomer content exceeds 10% by weight, the steam heating pressure during in-mold foam molding will decrease, but the melting point of the polypropylene resin itself will be low, the rigidity will be weak, the molding cycle will be longer, the compression strength, etc. There is a tendency not to satisfy the practical rigidity.
- the practical rigidity is not satisfactory, it is necessary to reduce the molded body magnification. In this case, it is difficult to reduce the weight of the molded body. Therefore, the comonomer content is more preferably 2% by weight or more and 8% by weight or less, and further preferably 3% by weight or more and 6% by weight or less.
- the ratio Mz / Mn of the Z average molecular weight Mz and the number average molecular weight Mn of the polypropylene random copolymer used in the present invention is 20 or more and 300 or less, preferably 20 or more and 140 or less, more preferably 23 or more and 60 or less. . If Mz / Mn is less than 20, the molding cycle during in-mold foam molding becomes long, and the surface properties of the in-mold foam molded article such as a returnable box tend to be lowered. Further, even if Mz / Mn exceeds 300, the molding cycle becomes long, and the surface properties of the in-mold foam molded product such as a returnable box tend to be lowered.
- the relationship between the value defined by Mz / Mn and the problem to be solved by the present invention is not necessarily certain at the present time.
- the present inventor believes that the high molecular weight component of the polypropylene-based random copolymer greatly contributes to shortening the molding cycle, and uses Mz reflecting this high molecular weight component, while the surface property is low. It is presumed that the molecular weight component contributes greatly, and by defining Mn that reflects this low molecular weight component sensitively, it contributes to solving the problems of the present invention.
- Mz and Mn obtained by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the following measurement conditions were adopted as Mz and Mn (polystyrene conversion) of the polypropylene-based random copolymer.
- Measurement condition Sample pretreatment: After 30 mg of sample was completely dissolved in 20 mL of o-dichlorobenzene at 145 ° C., the solution was filtered through a sintered filter having a pore size of 1.0 ⁇ m as an analysis sample.
- Measuring apparatus Gel permeation chromatograph Alliance GPC 2000 type (manufactured by Waters) Analysis device: Data processing software Empower Professional (manufactured by Waters) Column: 2 TSKgel GMH6-HT, 2 TSKgel GMH6-HTL (each inner diameter 7.5 mm x length 300 mm, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) Mobile phase: o-dichlorobenzene (containing 0.025% BHT) Column temperature: 140 ° C Detector: differential refractometer Flow rate: 1.0 mL / min Sample concentration: 0.15% (W / V) -o-dichlorobenzene Injection amount: 500 ⁇ L Sampling time interval: 1 second Column calibration: Monodisperse polystyrene (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) Molecular weight conversion: Polypropylene (PP) conversion / General calibration method
- the melt flow rate of the polypropylene-based random copolymer used in the present invention is preferably 5 g / 10 min or more and 20 g / 10 min or less, and 7 g / 10 min or more and 15 g / min. 10 minutes or less is more preferable, and 8 g / 10 minutes or more and 12 g / 10 minutes or less is still more preferable.
- MFR the melt flow rate of the polypropylene-based random copolymer used in the present invention
- MFR measuring instrument described in JIS-K7210 was used. Orifice 2.0959 ⁇ 0.005 mm ⁇ , orifice length 8.000 ⁇ 0.025 mm, load 2160 g, 230 ⁇ 0.2 ° C. It is the value when measured under the conditions of
- the flexural modulus of the polypropylene random copolymer used in the present invention is preferably from 600 MPa to 1600 MPa, more preferably from 1300 MPa to 1600 MPa, and further preferably from 1300 MPa to 1500 MPa. If the flexural modulus of the polypropylene-based random copolymer is less than 600 MPa, the in-mold foam molded product obtained by in-mold foam molding has low rigidity, and it tends to be difficult to reduce the weight while satisfying the durability. If it exceeds 1600 MPa, the molding pressure tends to increase. In particular, in the case of a returnable box, 1300 MPa or more and 1600 MPa or less is preferable, and 1300 MPa or more and 1500 MPa or less is more preferable.
- the flexural modulus in the present invention is a value measured according to ASTM D790.
- the melt strength (melting tension) of the polypropylene random copolymer used in the present invention is preferably 2.5 cN or less, more preferably 1.5 cN or less, and even more preferably 1.1 cN or less.
- the melt strength (melting tension) of the polypropylene-based random copolymer exceeds 2.5 cN, it is difficult to increase the expansion ratio and it is difficult to reduce the weight of the returnable box obtained by in-mold foam molding. .
- one of the methods for producing the expanded polypropylene resin particles of the present invention is to disperse the polypropylene resin particles in an aqueous dispersion medium in a pressure-resistant container, impregnate with a blowing agent, and then release to a low pressure region.
- the melt strength of the polypropylene random copolymer exceeds 1.5 cN, the expansion ratio is difficult to increase, and a returnable box obtained by in-mold foam molding is used. The surface property tends to decrease and the molding heating pressure width also tends to decrease. From this point, the melt strength is preferably 2.5 cN or less, and more preferably 1.5 cN or less.
- melt strength only needs to exceed 0 cN.
- polypropylene random copolymer having a melt strength of 1.5 cN or less a linear (linear) polypropylene random copolymer is a preferred embodiment.
- the melt strength in the present invention is 1 mm in diameter and length under conditions of resin temperature 230 ° C. and piston lowering speed 10 mm / min using a capillary rheometer (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusyo Co., Ltd., capillograph) with an attachment for measuring melt tension.
- a strand extruded from a die (orifice) having an inlet angle of 45 degrees having a 10 mm hole is taken up at 1 m / min.
- the take-up speed is increased at 40 m / min 2 , and the take-up load of the pulley with a load cell when broken is It was set as melt strength.
- the strand breaks even when the take-up speed is increased to the limit of the measuring device in the melt strength measurement using a capillary rheometer. May not. In such a case, the take-up load at the take-up speed limit was taken as the melt strength.
- the melt strength has an amplitude on the chart, but in the present invention, the median value of the amplitude is the melt strength.
- the melting point of the polypropylene random copolymer used in the present invention is preferably 130 ° C. or higher and 158 ° C. or lower, more preferably 144 ° C. or higher and 154 ° C. or lower, from the viewpoint of achieving a low molding pressure while ensuring high rigidity. More preferably, the temperature is 147 ° C. or higher and 153 ° C. or lower.
- the polypropylene random copolymer used in the present invention has been described, but such a polypropylene random copolymer can be selected by contacting a polypropylene resin manufacturer or referring to a catalog. By making a request to a polypropylene resin manufacturer, it is possible to produce or prototype by a known technique.
- the above-mentioned Patent Documents 5 to 7, 9 and the like can be referred to.
- the numerical value about the melt strength is not publicly disclosed, the polypropylene-based random copolymer within the range of the melt strength of the present invention is not special, and is not a general linear (straight chain) that has not been subjected to crosslinking treatment. ) Polypropylene random copolymer falls within the range of the melt strength of the present invention, and can be easily obtained by inquiring the polypropylene resin manufacturer.
- the polypropylene resin as the base resin used in the present invention is a thermoplastic resin that can be mixed with the polypropylene resin, such as low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, polystyrene, polybutene, ionomer, etc. Mixtures may be used as long as the characteristics of the resin are not lost.
- the polypropylene resin as the base resin used in the present invention includes a hydrophilic compound that promotes improvement of the expansion ratio to the extent that the properties of the polypropylene resin are not impaired, a foam nucleating agent that promotes the formation of cell nuclei during foaming, and compatibilization An agent, an antistatic agent, a colorant and the like can be added.
- hydrophilic compound that promotes the improvement of the expansion ratio examples include water-absorbing organic substances such as glycerin, polyethylene glycol, glycerin fatty acid ester, melamine, isocyanuric acid, melamine / isocyanuric acid condensate, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and boron.
- water-soluble inorganic substances such as sand, calcium borate, zinc borate, potassium aluminum sulfate anhydride, and aluminum ammonium sulfate anhydride, and aliphatic alcohols having 12 to 18 carbon atoms such as cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol.
- the amount of the hydrophilic compound added is preferably 0.01% by weight or more and 5% by weight or less, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more and 2% by weight or less, in 100% by weight of the polypropylene resin expanded particles. If the addition amount of the hydrophilic compound is less than 0.01% by weight, the effect of improving the expansion ratio tends to hardly appear. If the addition amount exceeds 5% by weight, the hydrophilic compound tends to be difficult to uniformly disperse in the polypropylene resin. is there.
- inorganic substances such as talc, calcium carbonate, silica, kaolin, barium sulfate, calcium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, and zeolite, and stear.
- fatty acid metal salts such as calcium phosphate and barium stearate.
- the amount of the foam nucleating agent added is preferably 0.01% by weight or more and 5% by weight or less, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more and 2% by weight or less, in 100% by weight of the expanded polypropylene resin particles.
- the added amount of the foam nucleating agent is less than 0.01% by weight, the bubble diameter tends to be non-uniform.
- the added amount exceeds 5% by weight, the bubble diameter becomes too fine, and the in-mold foam moldability tends to decrease. is there.
- Examples of the colorant include ultramarine, cyanine pigments, azo pigments, quinacridone pigments, perylene red pigments, and carbon black.
- the addition of a pigment containing at least two types selected from the group consisting of ultramarine, cyanine pigments, azo pigments, and quinacridone pigments is a molding heating pressure range during in-mold foam molding. There is an effect that (heated steam pressure width) becomes wide, which is a preferable mode. As described above, it is necessary to select at least two of these pigments.
- the total amount of the pigment containing at least two kinds is preferably 0.01% by weight or more and 1.5% by weight or less in 100% by weight of the polypropylene resin foamed particles. If the total amount of the pigment containing at least two types is less than 0.01% by weight, the effect of increasing the molding heating pressure range tends to hardly appear. Even if it exceeds 1.5% by weight, the molding heating pressure range The effect of widening tends to be difficult to improve.
- additives such as a hydrophilic compound, a foam nucleating agent, and a colorant may be added directly to a polypropylene resin, or a master batch in which the additive is previously contained in a thermoplastic resin at a high concentration.
- a resin may be prepared and the master batch resin may be added to the polypropylene resin.
- thermoplastic resin used for the masterbatch resin is preferably a polyolefin resin, more preferably a polypropylene resin, and most preferably the same polypropylene resin as the polypropylene resin that serves as the base resin of the present invention.
- polypropylene resin expanded particles of the present invention first, polypropylene resin particles are produced.
- Examples of a method for producing polypropylene resin particles include a method using an extruder. Specifically, for example, a polypropylene compound is pre-blended with a hydrophilic compound, a foam nucleating agent, a pigment and other additives as necessary, and then the blended product is put into an extruder and melt-kneaded. After extruding and cooling, a desired particle shape such as a cylindrical shape, an elliptical shape, a spherical shape, a cubic shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape or the like can be obtained by chopping with a cutter.
- the weight of one polypropylene resin particle is preferably 0.2 mg / particle or more and 10 mg / particle or less, and more preferably 0.5 mg / particle or more and 5 mg / particle or less.
- the handling property tends to decrease, and when it exceeds 10 mg / particle, the mold filling property tends to decrease in in-mold foam molding. .
- the polypropylene resin expanded particles of the present invention can be produced using the polypropylene resin particles obtained as described above.
- the polypropylene resin particles are dispersed in an aqueous dispersion medium together with a foaming agent such as carbon dioxide, and the softening temperature of the polypropylene resin particles or higher.
- a foaming agent such as carbon dioxide
- a method for producing polypropylene resin expanded particles in an aqueous dispersion is obtained by heating and pressurizing to a temperature of 5 ° C., holding for a certain period of time, and then obtaining through a foaming process that discharges to a pressure range lower than the internal pressure of the pressure resistant container. It is done.
- the inside of the pressure-resistant container is evacuated, and then the temperature is higher than the softening temperature of the polypropylene resin.
- a foaming agent may be introduced while heating.
- polypropylene resin expanded particles of the present invention (3) After charging the pressure-resistant container with polypropylene resin particles, an aqueous dispersion medium, and a dispersant as necessary, heat to near the foaming temperature, introduce a foaming agent, set the foaming temperature, and hold for a certain period of time; Polypropylene resin expanded particles can also be obtained by discharging into a pressure range lower than the internal pressure of the pressure vessel.
- carbon dioxide, nitrogen, air or a substance used as a foaming agent is injected to increase the internal pressure in the pressure-resistant container, and the pressure release speed during foaming is adjusted.
- the foaming ratio can be adjusted by introducing carbon dioxide, nitrogen, air, or a substance used as a foaming agent into the pressure-resistant container and controlling the pressure during the release to the low pressure region.
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- the expanded polypropylene resin particles having at least two heat of fusion regions can be obtained by appropriately adjusting the temperature in the pressure-resistant container at the time of foaming to an appropriate value in the above-described method for producing expanded polypropylene resin particles in an aqueous dispersion. Easy to get.
- the temperature inside the pressure vessel during foaming is usually Tm-10 (° C.) or more when the melting point of the polypropylene resin as the base resin is Tm (° C.) and the melting end temperature is Tf (° C.).
- Tm-10 (° C.) or more and less than Tf (° C.) more preferably Tm-8 (° C.) or more and less than Tf (° C.)
- the melting point Tm of the polypropylene resin is a rate of 10 ° C./min from 40 ° C. to 220 ° C. of 1 mg to 10 mg of polypropylene resin using a differential scanning calorimeter DSC.
- DSC curve obtained when the temperature was raised from 220 ° C. to 40 ° C. at a rate of 10 ° C./min and then raised again from 40 ° C. to 220 ° C. at a rate of 10 ° C./min.
- the melting end temperature Tf is a temperature at which the base on the high temperature side of the melting peak at the second temperature increase returns to the baseline position on the high temperature side, as shown in FIG.
- total heat of fusion (Q), low temperature side heat of fusion (Ql), and high temperature side heat of fusion (Qh) are defined as follows.
- the total heat of fusion (Q Ql + Qh), which is the sum of the low-temperature side heat of fusion (Ql) and the high-temperature side heat of heat (Qh), is the temperature at which melting starts on the low temperature side in the obtained DSC curve (see FIG. 1).
- a line segment AB connecting the endothermic amount (point B) at a temperature at which melting ends on the high temperature side is drawn from the endothermic amount at 100 ° C. (point A), and is a portion surrounded by the line segment AB and the DSC curve.
- the point where the endothermic amount between the two melting calorie regions of the low temperature side melting heat amount and the high temperature side melting calorie of the DSC curve is the smallest is point C, and a line parallel to the Y axis is raised from point C toward line segment AB.
- the point surrounded by line AD, line CD and DSC curve is the low-temperature melting heat quantity (Ql), and is surrounded by line BD, line CD and DSC curve.
- the part is the high temperature side heat of fusion (Qh).
- high-temperature heat quantity ratio is less than 10%, the compression strength of the molded product obtained by in-mold foam molding tends to be low and the practical strength tends to decrease.
- the high-temperature calorie ratio is, for example, the holding time at the pressure container temperature (holding time from reaching the desired pressure container temperature until foaming), the foaming temperature (the temperature at the time of foaming, The temperature may be the same as or different from the temperature), and may be appropriately adjusted depending on the foaming pressure (pressure at the time of foaming) and the like.
- the high-temperature heat quantity ratio or the high-temperature side heat of fusion tends to increase. From the above, it is possible to easily find a condition that provides a desired high-temperature side heat of fusion ratio by performing several experiments in which the holding time, foaming temperature, and foaming pressure are systematically changed as appropriate.
- the foaming pressure can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of foaming agent.
- the pressure-resistant container in which the polypropylene resin particles are dispersed is not particularly limited as long as it can withstand the pressure in the container and the temperature in the container at the time of producing the foamed particles.
- an autoclave-type pressure container Can be given.
- aqueous dispersion medium it is preferable to use only water, but a dispersion medium in which methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, glycerin or the like is added to water can also be used.
- a hydrophilic compound when contained in the present invention, water in the aqueous dispersion medium also acts as a foaming agent and contributes to improvement of the expansion ratio.
- blowing agent examples include saturated hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, and pentane; ethers such as dimethyl ether; alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; inorganic gases such as air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and water.
- saturated hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, and pentane
- ethers such as dimethyl ether
- alcohols such as methanol and ethanol
- inorganic gases such as air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and water.
- a dispersant and a dispersion aid in order to prevent coalescence of polyethylene resin particles in the aqueous dispersion medium.
- dispersant examples include inorganic dispersants such as tricalcium phosphate, tribasic magnesium phosphate, basic magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, kaolin, talc, and clay. These dispersants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- dispersing aid examples include carboxylic acid salt type; sulfonic acid salt type such as alkyl sulfonate, n-paraffin sulfonate, alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, sulfosuccinate, etc .; sulfated oil Anionic surfactants such as sulfates such as alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl allyl ether sulfates and alkylamide sulfates, and phosphate ester types such as alkyl phosphates and polyoxyethylene phosphates Can give. These dispersing aids may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the aqueous dispersion medium usually has 100 parts by weight or more and 500 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene resin particles in order to improve the dispersibility of the polypropylene resin particles in the aqueous dispersion medium. It is preferable to use up to parts by weight.
- the amount of the dispersant and the dispersion aid used in the present invention varies depending on the type and the type and amount of the polypropylene resin particles used, but the dispersant is usually 0.2 parts per 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene resin particles.
- the amount is preferably 3 parts by weight or more and 3 parts by weight or less, and more preferably 0.001 part by weight or more and 0.1 parts by weight or less.
- the process of obtaining the polypropylene resin expanded particles from the polypropylene resin particles may be referred to as “one-stage expanded process”, and the polypropylene resin expanded particles thus obtained are referred to as “one-stage expanded particles”. There is.
- the expansion ratio may not reach 10 times.
- the single-stage foamed particles are impregnated with an inorganic gas (for example, air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.) and given an internal pressure, and then contacted with water vapor at a specific pressure, whereby the single-stage foam particles are obtained.
- an inorganic gas for example, air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.
- water vapor at a specific pressure
- the water vapor pressure in the two-stage foaming step is preferably adjusted to 0.04 MPa (gauge pressure) or more and 0.25 MPa (gauge pressure) or less in consideration of the expansion ratio of the two-stage foam particles. It is more preferable to adjust to 0.05 MPa (gauge pressure) or more and 0.15 MPa (gauge pressure) or less. If the water vapor pressure in the two-stage foaming step is less than 0.04 MPa (gauge pressure), the expansion ratio tends to be difficult to improve, and if it exceeds 0.25 MPa (gauge pressure), the resulting two-stage foam particles are bonded together. Then, it tends to be blocked and cannot be used for subsequent in-mold foam molding.
- the internal pressure of the air impregnated in the first-stage expanded particles is preferably changed in consideration of the expansion ratio of the second-stage expanded particles and the water vapor pressure in the second-stage expansion process, but is 0.2 MPa or more (absolute pressure) 0.6 MPa or less (Absolute pressure) is preferred. If the internal pressure of the air impregnated in the first-stage expanded particles is less than 0.2 MPa (absolute pressure), high-pressure steam is required to improve the expansion ratio, and the second-stage expanded particles tend to block. If the internal pressure of the air impregnated in the first-stage expanded particles exceeds 0.6 MPa (absolute pressure), the second-stage expanded particles tend to form continuous bubbles. In such a case, the rigidity such as the compression strength of the in-mold expanded molded article Tends to decrease.
- the polypropylene resin foamed particles of the present invention can be made into a polypropylene resin in-mold foam-molded product by a conventionally known in-mold foam molding method.
- an in-mold foam molding method for example, a) After subjecting the polypropylene resin expanded particles to pressure treatment with an inorganic gas such as air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc., impregnating the polypropylene resin expanded particles with the inorganic gas and applying a predetermined polypropylene resin expanded particle internal pressure, A method of filling a mold and heat-sealing with steam, b) A method of compressing polypropylene resin foamed particles with gas pressure and filling them into a mold, and using the recovery force of the polypropylene resin foamed particles, heat-sealing with water vapor, c) A method such as a method of filling polypropylene resin expanded particles in a mold without heat treatment and heat-sealing with water vapor can be used.
- a method of filling polypropylene resin foamed particles in a mold and heat-sealing with water vapor for example, in the case of in-mold foam molding of a return box 1A having a partition 4 as shown in FIG.
- An example is a method in which a mold 10 including a fixed mold 11A and a movable mold 11B as shown in FIG. (I)
- a step of filling polypropylene resin foamed particles B through a filling machine 16 into a mold 10 including a fixed die 11A and a movable die 11B as shown in FIG. 4 hereinafter referred to as “filling step”).
- the polypropylene resin foamed particles filled in the mold 10 are opened by opening the steam valve 12B and the drain valve 13A, closing the steam valve 12A and the drain valve 13B, and allowing water vapor to flow from the steam valve 12B.
- a process of further expelling air existing between B and heating hereinafter referred to as “reverse one heating process”.
- cooling / removing step the step of opening the mold 10 and taking out the expanded foam in the polypropylene resin mold
- the molding cycle (the time required from the filling step to the cooling / removing step) is shortened as compared with the case where in-mold foam molding is performed using conventional polypropylene resin foam particles. .
- the in-mold foam-molded product formed by in-mold foam molding there is no particular limitation on the in-mold foam-molded product formed by in-mold foam molding, and the mold can be used according to various applications such as automotive interior members, automotive bumper core materials, heat insulating materials, buffer packaging materials, returnable boxes, etc. Although it can be used by inner foam molding, it can be more suitably used as a returnable box.
- the returnable box in the present invention is an in-mold foam molded article that has a structure that can store articles and can be used multiple times for transporting articles.
- the lid of the returnable box may or may not be present.
- the present invention when using a polypropylene random copolymer having a flexural modulus of 1300 MPa or more and 1600 MPa or less as a returnable box, it has high rigidity and is used for a plurality of transportations by storing heavy articles. Even in such a case, there is an effect that the damage received from the article, the damage received by colliding with another object during transportation, and the like are small, and as a result, the number of times that it can be repeatedly used is also increased compared to the conventional case.
- a handle 5 that can be gripped by an operator by inserting a finger can be provided on the side wall 2 or the like.
- the operator can easily carry even a heavy article by inserting a finger and holding the handle 5 even when a heavy article is stored.
- a plurality of such handles 5 can be provided in one return box.
- the dimensions of a, b, c, and d in the handle 5 shown in FIG. 6 are not particularly limited, and are appropriately adjusted according to the size of the return box 1B.
- the thickness t 2B of the side wall 2B provided with the handle 5 is not limited.
- the dimension of a corresponding to is preferably 10 mm or more and 50 mm or less. If a is less than 10 mm, the returnable box 1B tends to be damaged depending on the weight of the article to be transported, and if it exceeds 50 mm, the weight of the returnable box 1B tends to increase and workability tends to deteriorate.
- the dimension of b is preferably 10 mm or more and 100 mm or less.
- the returnable box tends to be damaged depending on the weight of the article to be transported, and if it exceeds 100 mm, the weight of the returnable box tends to increase and workability tends to deteriorate.
- the dimension of c should just be larger than the dimension of b, Preferably it is 15 mm or more and 150 mm or less. If c is less than 15 mm, the operator cannot fully insert his / her fingers between the handle 5 and the side wall 1 ⁇ / b> B, and the workability tends to deteriorate, and if it exceeds 150 mm, the workability does not improve.
- the difference between c and b (c ⁇ b) is preferably 10 mm or more.
- (c ⁇ b) is less than 10 mm, the operator cannot fully insert his / her finger between the handle 5 and the side wall 1B. Tend to get worse. Further, according to the present invention, even when (cb) is 10 mm or more, the improvement in the surface property around the handle 5 described later is remarkable, which is a preferable embodiment.
- the dimension of d is preferably 5 mm or more and 50 mm or less. If d is less than 5 mm, the returnable box 1B tends to be easily damaged depending on the weight of the article to be transported, and if it exceeds 50 mm, the weight of the returnable box 1B tends to be heavy and workability tends to deteriorate.
- a mold structure as shown in FIG. 7 can be adopted.
- water vapor is passed from the chambers 14A, 14B side (see FIG. 4) to the filled polypropylene resin foam particles B side into the molds (fixed mold 11A and movable mold 11B) used for in-mold foam molding.
- a plurality of water passage holes (not shown) called core vents are provided.
- 11a is a handle forming portion in the fixed mold 11A, but the portion of X (the portion indicated by the double arrow in FIG. 7) tends to be thick in the mold, and as a result, the core vent is provided. Even in the preheating step, the one-side heating step, the reverse one-side heating step, and the double-sided heating step, it is difficult for water vapor to pass through. Thus, it is presumed that the surface property around the handle 5 is lowered.
- the handle forming portion 11a there is a portion Y that is not in contact with either of the chambers 14A and 14B, and this portion Y is also difficult to pass through water vapor or is not easily passed through, so that it is likely to be insufficiently fused. It is presumed that the surface properties of the resin deteriorate.
- the portion X where the mold thickness is thick and the portion Y not in contact with any of the chambers 14A and 14B are sprayed with cooling water from the cooling water supply nozzles 15A and 15B in the cooling process.
- the polypropylene resin foamed particles B are sufficiently fused, efficient cooling cannot be performed even if the cooling process is performed.
- the polypropylene resin foamed particles shrink. Therefore, it is estimated that the surface property around the handle (the portion indicated by the symbol Z in FIGS. 5 to 7) may deteriorate. Such a decrease in the surface property around the handle becomes significant in the shape in which the (c ⁇ b) value in FIG. 6 is large and the operator can insert the finger deeper.
- the use of the polypropylene resin expanded particles of the present invention improves the surface property around the handle.
- the surface property around the handle is remarkably improved, which is a preferable embodiment.
- the handle forming portion 11a of the fixed mold 11A used for the return box manufacturing may be integrated with other parts of the fixed mold, or the handle forming part 11a is detachable from the other parts of the fixed mold. It does not matter. Further, the handle forming portion 11a may be constituted by the movable mold 11B.
- the handle 5 in the present invention is provided in the in-mold foam molding.
- a part of the side wall 2 is punched to make a hole, etc.
- the handle provided by the secondary processing is excluded from the handle in the present invention.
- Articles transported by the returnable box of the present invention are not particularly limited, such as automobile parts, precision machine parts, industrial products such as glass substrates, lunch boxes, prepared foods, canned foods, alcoholic beverages such as juices, vegetables, Agricultural products such as fruits, marine products such as fish and crustaceans, and other various distribution products can be transported.
- partitions, ribs, grooves, irregularities, etc. may be provided inside the returnable box depending on the goods to be transported. Furthermore, in the returnable box of the present invention, in order to facilitate stacking of returnable boxes, a side wall 2 or a bottom wall is partially provided to provide notches on the side surface or bottom surface, or to increase the strength of the handle portion. A known technique such as changing the thickness of 3 can be appropriately employed.
- Polypropylene resin Polypropylene random copolymers shown in Tables 1 and 2 [Prototype of polypropylene resin manufacturer] ⁇ Polyethylene glycol: Lion Corporation, average molecular weight 300 ⁇ Talc: manufactured by Hayashi Kasei Co., Ltd., Talcan powder PK-S ⁇ Ultramarine: Daiichi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. Ultramarine ⁇ Cyanine pigment: Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., reagent phthalocyanine copper (phthalocyanine blue)
- the total heat of fusion (Q Ql + Qh), which is the sum of the low-temperature side heat of fusion (Ql) and the high-temperature side heat of heat (Qh), is the endotherm at a temperature of 100 ° C. at which the low-temperature side heat of fusion starts in the obtained DSC curve.
- a line segment AB connecting the endothermic amount (point B) at a temperature at which the high temperature side melting ends is drawn from (point A), and is a part surrounded by the line segment AB and the DSC curve.
- the point where the endothermic amount between the two melting calorie regions of the low temperature side melting heat amount and the high temperature side melting calorie of the DSC curve is the smallest is point C, and a line parallel to the Y axis is raised from point C toward line segment AB.
- the point surrounded by line AD, line CD and DSC curve is the low-temperature melting heat quantity (Ql), and is surrounded by line BD, line CD and DSC curve.
- the part is the high temperature side heat of fusion (Qh).
- the returnable box molded body has a shape having a handle as shown in FIG. 5 and has an outer dimension of 300 mm in length, 350 mm in width, and 180 mm in height.
- the thickness t 3 of the bottom wall 3 is uniform and 35 mm.
- the thickness t 2A of the two side walls 2A having a width of 350 mm ⁇ the height of 180 mm is uniform and 30 mm, and the thickness t 2B of the two side walls 2B having an outer dimension of the length of 300 mm ⁇ the height of 180 mm is 35 mm excluding the handle portion.
- the steps of filling, forming, cooling, and taking out the expanded particles were as follows. (1) After the mold is open, (2) after closing the mold until the mold gap in the mold opening and closing direction is 8 mm, (3) to let the polypropylene resin foam particles flow out of the mold system Filled without. Next, (4) the polypropylene resin foam particles are compressed by closing the mold so that the mold gap is 0 mm, and (5) preheating step, one heating step, reverse one heating step, double-sided heating step (6) Water-cooled, (7) When the foaming pressure of the molded body inside the mold reached 0.05 MPa (gauge pressure), the molded body was taken out.
- the series of molding steps from (1) to (7) was automatically operated, and the time required for the other steps except step (6) was constant.
- the preheating step was 10 seconds
- the one heating step was 2 seconds
- the reverse one heating step was 2 seconds
- the double-sided heating step was 10 seconds.
- the foaming pressure of the molded body inside the mold was detected by attaching a surface pressure gauge to a portion of the mold inner surface contacting the molded body, and detecting the pressure exerted on the surface pressure gauge by the molded body.
- the smallest molding pressure was defined as “minimum molding heating steam pressure (MPa)”, and the pressure width between the largest molding pressure and the smallest molding pressure was defined as “molding heating pressure width (MPa)”.
- MPa minimum molding heating steam pressure
- MPa pressure width between the largest molding pressure and the smallest molding pressure
- Example 1 [Production of polypropylene resin particles] For 100 parts by weight of a polypropylene resin (polypropylene random copolymer) having the types and amounts of comonomer described in Table 1 and having Mz / Mn, MFR, flexural modulus, melt strength, and melting point described in Table 1. 0.5 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol as a hydrophilic compound and 0.2 parts by weight of talc as a foam nucleating agent were added and mixed. The obtained mixture was melt-kneaded at a resin temperature of 220 ° C.
- a polypropylene resin polypropylene random copolymer having the types and amounts of comonomer described in Table 1 and having Mz / Mn, MFR, flexural modulus, melt strength, and melting point described in Table 1.
- polyethylene glycol as a hydrophilic compound
- talc a foam nucleating agent
- Examples 2 to 9 By using the polypropylene random copolymer shown in Table 1 and changing the additives, foaming conditions, in-mold foaming conditions, etc. as shown in Table 1, the same procedure as in Example 1 was followed. -Based resin foam particles and returnable box molded bodies were prepared and evaluated.
- Example 10 Using the polypropylene-based random copolymer shown in Table 1, the additives, foaming conditions, etc. were as shown in Table 1, and one-stage foaming was performed by the same operation as in Example 1 to obtain single-stage foamed particles. Next, the first-stage expanded particles were dried at 80 ° C. for 6 hours, and then impregnated with pressurized air in a pressure resistant container to adjust the internal pressure to 0.35 MPa (absolute pressure), and then 0.08 MPa (gauge pressure). ) To cause two-stage foaming. The obtained two-stage expanded particles were evaluated by performing in-mold foam molding by the same operation as in Example 1 under the in-mold foaming conditions shown in Table 1.
- Example 11 to 12 Using the same polypropylene-based random copolymer as described in Table 1, except that the additives, foaming conditions, in-mold foaming conditions and the like were as described in Table 1, the same operations as in Example 1 were carried out. Polypropylene-based resin particles, polypropylene-based resin expanded particles, and pass-through molded articles were prepared and evaluated.
- Example 13 By using the polypropylene random copolymer shown in Table 1 and changing the additives, foaming conditions, in-mold foaming conditions, etc. as shown in Table 1, the same procedure as in Example 1 was followed. -Based resin expanded particles were obtained. Next, in [Preparation of in-mold foam molded product], the same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the internal pressure was not applied to the single-stage expanded particles, the mold was filled with the internal pressure at atmospheric pressure, and in-mold foam molding was performed. Then, molding was performed and evaluated.
- Example 14 Using a ribbon blender, 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene random copolymer used in Example 2 and 0.02 part by weight of t-butyl peroxy-isopropyl monocarbonate (manufactured by NOF Corporation, Perbutyl I) as a radical initiator were used. After stirring and mixing, it is supplied to a twin-screw extruder (manufactured by Nippon Steel Works, TEX44) using a metering feeder, and isoprene is added from the middle of the extruder using a liquid addition pump to 1 part by weight of 100 parts by weight of the raw material polypropylene.
- t-butyl peroxy-isopropyl monocarbonate manufactured by NOF Corporation, Perbutyl I
- a modified polypropylene resin was obtained by supplying the mixture to 0.0 part by weight, and melt-kneading.
- the obtained modified polypropylene resin had an Mz / Mn of 35, an MFR of 8 g / 10 min, a flexural modulus of 1400 MPa, a melt strength of 1.6 cN, and a melting point of 147 ° C.
- polypropylene resin particles, polypropylene resin foamed particles, and returnable box molded articles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the additives listed in Table 1 were added and mixed. Prepared and evaluated.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of Examples 1 to 14 described above.
- Example 5 Using a ribbon blender, 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene random copolymer used in Example 2 and 0.10 parts by weight of t-butyl peroxy-isopropyl monocarbonate (manufactured by NOF Corporation, Perbutyl I) as a radical initiator were used. After stirring and mixing, it is supplied to a twin-screw extruder (manufactured by Nippon Steel Works, TEX44) using a metering feeder, and isoprene is added from the middle of the extruder using a liquid addition pump to 1 part by weight of 100 parts by weight of the raw material polypropylene.
- t-butyl peroxy-isopropyl monocarbonate manufactured by NOF Corporation, Perbutyl I
- a modified polypropylene resin was obtained by supplying the mixture to 0.0 part by weight, and melt-kneading.
- the obtained modified polypropylene resin had an Mz / Mn of 30, an MFR of 7 g / 10 min, a flexural modulus of 1400 MPa, a melt strength of 2.6 cN, and a melting point of 147 ° C.
- the same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that the additives, foaming conditions, and in-mold foaming conditions shown in Table 2 were used. Molded bodies were prepared and evaluated.
- Comparative Example 6 Except for 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene random copolymer used in Comparative Example 4 and 0.02 parts by weight of t-butyl peroxy-isopropyl monocarbonate (manufactured by NOF Corporation, Perbutyl I) as a radical initiator. Obtained a modified polypropylene resin in the same manner as in Comparative Example 5. The obtained modified polypropylene resin had an Mz / Mn of 17, an MFR of 6 g / 10 min, a flexural modulus of 1100 MPa, a melt strength of 1.6 cN, and a melting point of 144 ° C. Using this modified polypropylene resin, the same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that the additives, foaming conditions, and in-mold foaming conditions shown in Table 2 were used. Molded bodies were prepared and evaluated.
- Comparative Example 7 In [Preparation of in-mold foam molded article], the same operation as in Comparative Example 4 was performed except that the inner pressure was not applied to the one-stage expanded particles, the mold was filled with the internal pressure at atmospheric pressure, and in-mold foam molding was performed. Molding was performed and evaluated.
- Table 2 shows the evaluation results of Comparative Examples 1 to 7 described above.
- Mold 11A Fixed mold 11a Handle forming part 11B Mobile type 12A, 12B Steam valve 13A, 13B Drain valve 14A, 14B Mold chamber 15A, 15B Cooling water supply nozzle 16 Filling machine t 2A , t 2B Side wall thickness t 3 Bottom wall thickness X Mold thick part Y Mold part not in contact with the chamber Z Z Surface)
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Abstract
Description
[1] Z平均分子量Mzと数平均分子量Mnの比Mz/Mnが20以上300以下、メルトフローレートが5g/10分以上20g/10分以下、溶融強度が2.5cN以下、および、曲げ弾性率が600MPa以上1600MPa以下のポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体を基材樹脂とするポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
[2] ポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体のMz/Mnが、20以上140以下である、前記[1]に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
[3] ポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体のMz/Mnが、23以上60以下である、前記[1]に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
[4] ポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体の溶融強度が、1.5cN以下である、前記[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
[5] ポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体の曲げ弾性率が、1300MPa以上1600MPa以下である、前記[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
[6] ポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体が、プロピレン/1-ブテンランダム共重合体および/またはプロピレン/エチレン/1-ブテンランダム共重合体で、前記[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
[7] ポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体の融点が、130℃以上158℃以下である、前記[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
[8] 示差走査熱量計法による測定において、少なくとも2つの融解熱量領域を有する、[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
[9] 示差走査熱量計法による測定において2つの融解熱量領域を有し、低温側融解熱量Qlと、高温側融解熱量Qhから算出した、高温側融解熱量Qhの比率[Qh/(Ql+Qh)]×100(%)が10%以上50%以下である、前記[8]に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
[10] ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子100重量%中に、群青、シアニン系顔料、アゾ系顔料およびキナクリドン系顔料よりなる群から選択される少なくとも2種を含む顔料を、0.01重量%以上1.5重量%以下含有する、前記[1]~[9]のいずれかに記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
[11] Z平均分子量Mzと数平均分子量Mnの比Mz/Mnが20以上300以下、メルトフローレートが5g/10分以上20g/10分以下、溶融強度が2.5cN以下、および、曲げ弾性率が600MPa以上1600MPa以下のポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体からなるポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子を、水および発泡剤と共に耐圧容器中に収容し、攪拌条件下に分散させると共に、昇温および昇圧した後、耐圧容器の内圧よりも低い圧力域に耐圧容器中の分散液を放出してポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子を発泡させる、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子の製造方法。
[12] 発泡時の耐圧容器内温度を、基材樹脂であるポリプロピレン系樹脂の融点Tm-10(℃)以上、融解終了温度Tf(℃)未満とする、前記[11]に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子の製造方法。
[13] 前記[11]または[12]に記載の方法により製造されたポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子を一段発泡粒子とし、該一段発泡粒子に無機ガスを含浸して内圧を付与した後、0.04MPa(ゲージ圧)以上0.25MPa(ゲージ圧)以下に調整した水蒸気と接触させることにより、一段発泡粒子よりも発泡倍率が向上したポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子を得る、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子の製造方法。
[14] 前記[1]~[10]のいずれかに記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子からなる型内発泡成形体。
[15] 通い箱である、前記[14]に記載の型内発泡成形体。
[16] 通い箱の側壁部に、作業者が指を差し込み掴むことが可能な把手が設けられている、前記[15]に記載の型内発泡成形体。
[17] 前記[1]~[10]のいずれかに記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子を、金型に充填した後、加熱して、型内発泡成形する、型内発泡成形体の製造方法。
[18] ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子の内圧を高めることなく、該内圧が大気圧の状態で、かつ、気体で圧縮することなく金型に充填した後、加熱して、型内発泡成形する、前記[17]に記載の型内発泡成形体の製造方法。
[19] 型内発泡成形体が通い箱である、前記[17]または[18]に記載の型内発泡成形体の製造方法。
[20] 通い箱の側壁部に、作業者が指を差し込み掴むことが可能な把手が設けられている、前記[19]に記載の型内発泡成形体の製造方法。
(測定条件)
試料の前処理:試料30mgをo-ジクロロベンゼン20mLに145℃で完全に溶解した後、その溶液を孔径が1.0μmの焼結フィルターで濾過したものを分析試料とした。
測定装置 :ゲル浸透クロマトグラフ Alliance GPC 2000型(Waters社製)
解析装置 :データ処理ソフトEmpowerプロフェッショナル(Waters社製)
カラム :TSKgel GMH6-HT 2本、TSKgel GMH6-HTL 2本(それぞれ、内径7.5mm×長さ300mm、東ソー株式会社製)
移動相 :o-ジクロロベンゼン(0.025%BHT含有)
カラム温度:140℃
検出器 :示差屈折率計
流速 :1.0mL/min
試料濃度 :0.15%(W/V)-o-ジクロロベンゼン
注入量 :500μL
サンプリング時間間隔:1秒
カラム較正:単分散ポリスチレン(東ソー株式会社製)
分子量換算:ポリプロピレン(PP)換算/汎用較正法
なお、本発明で好ましく用いられる、分岐構造のない線状のポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体の場合、キャピラリレオメータを用いた溶融強度測定において、引き取り速度を測定装置の限界まで増加させてもストランドが破断しない場合がある。このような場合は、引き取り速度限界時の引き取り荷重を溶融強度とした。
また、溶融強度はチャート上で振幅を持っているが、本発明では振幅の中央値を溶融強度とした。
(1)耐圧容器内に、ポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子および水系分散媒、必要に応じて分散剤等を仕込んだ後、必要に応じて、耐圧容器内を真空引きした後、1MPa(ゲージ圧)以上2MPa以下(ゲージ圧)の発泡剤を導入し、ポリプロピレン系樹脂の軟化温度以上の温度まで加熱する。加熱することによって、耐圧容器内の圧力が約2MPa(ゲージ圧)以上5MPa以下(ゲージ圧)まで上がる。必要に応じて、発泡温度付近にて、更に発泡剤を追加して所望の発泡圧力に調整、更に温度調整を行った後、一定時間保持し、次いで、耐圧容器の内圧よりも低い圧力域に放出することにより、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子を得ることができる。
(2)耐圧容器にポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子、水系分散媒、必要に応じて分散剤等を仕込んだ後、必要に応じて耐圧容器内を真空引きした後、ポリプロピレン系樹脂の軟化温度以上の温度まで加熱しながら、発泡剤を導入してもよい。
(3)耐圧容器にポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子、水系分散媒、必要に応じて分散剤等を仕込んだ後、発泡温度付近まで加熱し、更に発泡剤を導入し、発泡温度とし、一定時間保持し、耐圧容器の内圧よりも低い圧力域に放出してポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子を得ることもできる。
低温側融解熱量(Ql)および高温側融解熱量(Qh)の和である全融解熱量(Q=Ql+Qh)とは、得られるDSC曲線において(図1参照。)、低温側で融解が開始する温度100℃での吸熱量(点A)から、高温側で融解が終了する温度での吸熱量(点B)を結ぶ線分ABを引き、線分ABとDSC曲線で囲まれた部分である。
DSC曲線の低温側融解熱量および高温側融解熱量の2つの融解熱量領域の間の最も吸熱量が小さくなる点を点Cとし、点Cから線分ABに向かってY軸に平行な線を上げて交わる点をDとした時、線分ADと線分CDとDSC曲線で囲まれた部分が、低温側融解熱量(Ql)であり、線分BDと線分CDとDSC曲線で囲まれた部分が高温側融解熱量(Qh)である。
なお、融解熱量領域が3つ以上ある場合は、上記同様、融解熱量領域の間の最も吸熱量が小さくなる点から線分ABに向かってY軸に平行な線を上げて、各線分とDSC曲線で囲まれた部分を各領域の融解熱量とする。
型内発泡成形法としては、例えば、
a)ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子を無機ガス、例えば空気や窒素、二酸化炭素等で加圧処理してポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子内に無機ガスを含浸させ所定のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子内圧を付与した後、金型に充填し、水蒸気で加熱融着させる方法、
b)ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子をガス圧力で圧縮して金型に充填し、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子の回復力を利用して、水蒸気で加熱融着させる方法、
c)特に前処理することなくポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子を金型に充填し、水蒸気で加熱融着させる方法、などの方法が利用し得る。
(i)図4に示すような固定型11Aと移動型11Bからなる金型10に充填機16を通してポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子Bを充填する工程(以降、「充填工程」と称す。)。
(ii)蒸気弁12Aとドレン弁13Aを開け、蒸気弁12Bとドレン弁13Bを開けて、蒸気弁12A、12Bから水蒸気を流すことにより、固定型11Aと移動型11Bの金型チャンバ14A、14B内に存在する空気を追い出すと共に、金型10全体を加熱する工程(以降、「予備加熱工程」と称す。)。
(iii)蒸気弁12Aとドレン弁13Bを開け、蒸気弁12Bとドレン弁13Aは閉じておき、蒸気弁12Aから水蒸気を流すことにより、金型10内に充填されたポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子Bの間に存在する空気を追い出すと共に加熱する工程(以降、「一方加熱工程」と称す。)。
(iv)次いで、蒸気弁12Bとドレン弁13Aを開け、蒸気弁12Aとドレン弁13Bは閉じておき、蒸気弁12Bから水蒸気を流すことにより、金型10内に充填されたポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子Bの間に存在する空気を更に追い出すと共に、加熱する工程(以降、「逆一方加熱工程」と称す。)。
(v)蒸気弁12Aと12Bを開け、ドレン弁13Aと13Bを閉じて、蒸気弁12Aと12Bから水蒸気を流すことにより、金型10内に充填されたポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子Bの表面が軟化する迄、充分温度を上昇させて、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子B同士を最終的に融着せしめ、一定形状のポリプロピレン系樹脂型内発泡成形体とする工程(以降、「両面加熱工程」と称す。)。
(vi)冷却水供給ノズル15A、15B(図4では、冷却水供給ノズルは全部示さず、一部を省略した。)から水を噴霧し、金型10の固定型11Aおよび移動型11Bを冷却した後、金型10を開き、ポリプロピレン系樹脂型内発泡成形体を取り出す工程(以降、「冷却・取り出し工程」と称す。)。
bの寸法は、10mm以上100mm以下が好ましい。bが10mm未満では輸送する物品の重量によっては通い箱が破損しやすい傾向があり、100mmを超えると通い箱の重量が重くなり作業性が悪くなる傾向がある。
cの寸法は、bの寸法より大きければよいが、好ましくは15mm以上150mm以下である。cが15mm未満では把手5と側壁1Bとの間に作業者が指を十分差し込むことができず、作業性が悪くなる傾向があり、150mmを超えても作業性が良くなることもない。
cとbの差である(c-b)は、10mm以上が好ましく、(c-b)が10mm未満では把手5と側壁1Bとの間に作業者が指を十分差し込むことがでず作業性が悪くなる傾向がある。また、本願発明によれば、(c-b)が10mm以上の場合であっても後述する把手5周辺の表面性低下の改善が顕著であり、好ましい態様である。
dの寸法は、5mm以上50mm以下が好ましい。dが5mm未満では輸送する物品の重量によっては通い箱1Bが破損しやすい傾向があり、50mmを超えると通い箱1Bの重量が重くなり作業性が悪くなる傾向がある。
ここで、型内発泡成形に使われる金型(固定型11Aおよび移動型11B)には、チャンバ14A、14B側(図4参照)から、充填されたポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子B側に水蒸気を通す為の、コアベントと呼ばれる水蒸気の通り孔(図示せず)が複数設けられている。
このような把手周辺の表面性の低下は、図6における(c-b)値が大きく、作業者が指をより深く差し込むことができる形状において顕著となる。
なお、通い箱製造に用いる固定型11Aの把手形成部分11aは、固定型の他の部分と一体化されていても良いし、把手形成部分11aが固定型の他の部分と脱着可能な構造であっても構わない。また、把手形成部分11aは、移動型11Bで構成しても構わない。
●ポリプロピレン系樹脂:表1、表2に示すポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体[ポリプロピレン系樹脂メーカー試作品]
●ポリエチレングリコール:ライオン株式会社製、平均分子量300
●タルク:林化成株式会社製、タルカンパウダーPK-S
●群青:第一化成工業株式会社製、群青
●シアニン系顔料:和光純薬工業株式会社製、試薬フタロシアニン銅(フタロシアニンブルー)
ポリプロピレン系樹脂(約1g)に、キシレン50gを加えて120℃で加熱溶解し、恒温遠心分離[株式会社コクサン製、H175]を用いて、12000rpm×30分の条件にて、不溶分と可溶分に分別した。得られた可溶分を冷却後、遠心分離(12000rpm×30分)により、不溶分を得た。
得られた不溶分50mgに、オルトジクロロベンゼン-d4を0.4g加え、100℃で加熱溶融させて、13C-MNR[VARIAN製、INOVA AS600]を用いて、98℃にて13C-MNRを行い、1-ブテン、エチレンの共重合組成の定量を行った。
既述の方法により測定した。
ポリプロピレン系樹脂を80℃にて6時間乾燥させた後、35t射出成形機を用い、シリンダー温度200℃、金型温度30℃にて厚み6.4mmバー(幅12mm、長さ127mm)を作製した。得られたバーを、温度23℃、相対湿度50%で48時間コンディショニングした後、ASTM D790に従い曲げ試験を行い、曲げ弾性率を求めた。
示差走査熱量計DSC[セイコーインスツルメンツ株式会社製、DSC6200型]を用いて、ポリプロピレン系樹脂5~6mgを、10℃/minの昇温速度で40℃から220℃まで昇温して樹脂粒子を融解し、その後10℃/minの降温速度で220℃から40℃まで降温することにより結晶化させた後に、更に10℃/minの昇温速度で40℃から220℃まで昇温した際に得られるDSC曲線(図2参照)から、2回目の昇温時の融解ピーク温度として求められる値を、融点Tmとした。
得られたポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子3g以上10g以下程度を取り、60℃で6時間乾燥した後、23℃、湿度50%の室内で状態調節し、重量w(g)を測定後、水没法にて体積v(cm3)を測定し、発泡粒子の真比重ρb=w/vを求め、更に、発泡前のポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子の密度ρrとの比から、発泡倍率K=ρr/ρbを求めた。
なお、以下に示す実施例および比較例においては、発泡前のポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子の密度ρrは、いずれも0.90g/cm3である。
示差走査熱量計DSC[セイコーインスツルメンツ株式会社製、DSC6200型]を用いて、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子5~6mgを、10℃/minの昇温速度で40℃から220℃まで昇温する際に得られるDSC曲線(図1参照)において、全融解熱量(Q)、低温側融解熱量(Ql)および高温側融解熱量(Qh)を以下のように定義し、高温側融解熱量(Qh)の比率[=[Qh/(Ql+Qh)]×100(%)]を算出した。
低温側融解熱量(Ql)および高温側融解熱量(Qh)の和である全融解熱量(Q=Ql+Qh)とは、得られるDSC曲線において、低温側融解熱が開始する温度100℃での吸熱量(点A)から、高温側融解が終了する温度での吸熱量(点B)を結ぶ線分ABを引き、線分ABとDSC曲線で囲まれた部分である。
DSC曲線の低温側融解熱量および高温側融解熱量の2つの融解熱量領域の間の最も吸熱量が小さくなる点を点Cとし、点Cから線分ABに向かってY軸に平行な線を上げて交わる点をDとした時、線分ADと線分CDとDSC曲線で囲まれた部分が、低温側融解熱量(Ql)であり、線分BDと線分CDとDSC曲線で囲まれた部分が高温側融解熱量(Qh)である。
図5に示したような、相対する一対の側壁2Bに把手5を有する通い箱1Bを成形可能な固定型と移動型からなる金型を搭載したポリプロピレン発泡成形機[東洋機械金属株式会社製、P-150N]を用い、次のように評価した。
通い箱成形体は、図5に示したような把手を有する形状であって、外寸が縦300mm×横350mm×高さ180mmであり、底壁3の厚みt3は均一で35mm、外寸が横350mm×高さ180mmの2つの側壁2Aの厚みt2Aは均一で30mm、および外寸が縦300mm×高さ180mmの2つの側壁2Bの厚みt2Bは把手部分を除いて35mmである。把手5部分の断面形状は図6に示したような形状であり、a=35mm、b=35mm、c=80mm、d=15mmである。
耐圧容器内にて加圧空気を含浸させ、内圧を予め0.2MPa(絶対圧)になるように調整したポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子、あるいは、内圧付与を行わずに内圧が大気圧のままであるポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子を通い箱金型に充填し、まず0.1MPa(ゲージ圧)の水蒸気で金型内の空気を追い出し、その後、所定の成形圧力の加熱蒸気を用いて10秒間加熱成形(両面加熱)させることにより、通い箱成形体を得た。この際、両面加熱の成形圧力を0.20MPa(ゲージ圧)から0.01MPaごと増加させて、通い箱成形体を作製した。
なお、発泡粒子の充填~成形~冷却・取り出しの各工程は、以下のとおりであった。
(1)金型が開いた状態から、(2)金型開閉方向の金型隙間が8mmになるまで金型を閉じた後、(3)ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子を金型系外へ流出させることなく充填した。次いで、(4)金型隙間が0mmとなるように金型を閉じることにより、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子を圧縮して、(5)予備加熱工程、一方加熱工程、逆一方加熱工程、両面加熱工程を行い、(6)水冷し、(7)金型内部の成形体の発泡圧が0.05MPa(ゲージ圧)に達した時点で成形体を取り出した。
ここで、(1)~(7)までの一連の成形工程は自動運転され、工程(6)を除くその他の工程の所要時間は一定とした。なお、予備加熱工程は10秒、一方加熱工程は2秒、逆一方加熱工程は2秒、両面加熱工程は10秒とした。
また、金型内部の成形体の発泡圧は、金型内部表面の成形体と接触する部分に面圧計を取り付けておき、成形体がこの面圧計に及ぼす圧力を検知した。
得られた発泡成形体の把手を設けていない側壁2A部分を手で裂き、破断面を目視観察して、発泡粒子界面ではなく、発泡粒子内部が破断している割合を求めて、発泡粒子内部破断の割合が60%以上となり、かつ、把手を設けていない側壁2A部分の表面外観を目視観察し、しわや粒間(ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子間の粒間)がほとんどなく、表面凹凸も目立たず美麗となる、最も小さい成形圧力と、最も大きい成形圧力を決定した。このうち、最も小さい成形圧力を「最低成形加熱蒸気圧力(MPa)」とし、最も大きい成形圧力と最も小さい成形圧力の圧力幅を、「成形加熱圧幅(MPa)」とした。
また、各成形時には、工程(1)~(7)の所要時間を計測しており、最低成形加熱蒸気圧力時での所要時間を、「成形サイクル(秒)」とした。
(圧縮強度)
最低成形加熱蒸気圧力の成形条件において得られた通い箱成形体の底面(厚み35mm)のほぼ中央から、縦50mm×横50mm×厚み25mmのテストピースを切り出した。詳細には、底面の厚み35mmの両方の表層を5mmずつ切り落とし、厚み25mmのテストピースとした。
該テストピースを、NDZ-Z0504に準拠し、引張圧縮試験機[ミネベア株式会社製、TGシリーズ]を用いて、10mm/分の速度で圧縮した際の50%圧縮時の圧縮応力を測定した。
なお、50%圧縮時の圧縮応力は、通い箱成形体の剛性の尺度である。
圧縮強度測定用テストピースの重量W(g)を測定し、テストピースの縦、横、厚み寸法をノギスで測定して体積V(cm3)を算出し、成形体密度をW/Vにて求めた。
但し、単位がg/Lとなるように換算した。
最低成形加熱蒸気圧力の成形条件において得られた通い箱成形体の、図5、6に示した把手周辺の表面Zについて、以下の基準にて、表面性を評価した。
○:粒間(ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子間の粒間)がほとんどなく、表面凹凸も目立たず、美麗である。
△:粒間あるいは表面凹凸がやや目立つ。
×:粒間が目立ち外観が明らかに不良である。
[ポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子の作製]
表1記載の種類と量のコモノマーを含み、表1記載のMz/Mn、MFR、曲げ弾性率、溶融強度、融点を有するポリプロピレン系樹脂(ポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体)100重量部に対して、親水性化合物としてポリエチレングリコール0.5重量部、発泡核剤としてのタルク0.2重量部を添加して混合した。得られた混合物を、二軸押出機[株式会社オーエヌ機械製、TEK45]を用いて、樹脂温度220℃にて溶融混練し、押出されたストランドを水冷後、切断して、ポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子(1.2mg/粒)を製造した。
[一段発泡粒子の作製]
内容量10Lの耐圧容器中に、得られたポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子100重量部、水300重量部、分散剤としてのパウダー状塩基性第3リン酸カルシウム1.5重量部および分散助剤としてのn-パラフィンスルホン酸ソーダ0.06重量部、ならびに発泡剤として炭酸ガス7.5重量部を仕込み、攪拌しながら、表1に示す発泡温度まで昇温し、10分間保持した後、炭酸ガスを追加圧入して、表1に示す発泡圧力に調整し、30分間保持した。
その後、炭酸ガスを圧入しながら容器内温、圧力を一定に保持しつつ、耐圧容器下部のバルブを開いて、水系分散媒を開孔径3.6mmφのオリフィス板を通して、大気圧下に放出することによってポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子(一段発泡粒子)を得た。
得られた一段発泡粒子に関して、発泡倍率、高温側融解熱量の比率(高温熱量比)の算出を行った。
[型内発泡成形体の作製]
前述の「通い箱成形体の作製」に従い、通い箱成形体を作製し、「成形性の評価」に従い最低成形加熱蒸気圧力、成形加熱圧幅、成形サイクルを評価した。
更に、最低成形加熱蒸気圧力で得られた通い箱成形体を、75℃で16時間乾燥した後、23℃で24時間養生し、「通い箱成形体の評価」に従って、成形体密度、圧縮強度の測定、および把手周辺の表面性評価を行った。
表1記載のポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体を用い、添加剤、発泡条件、型内発泡条件等を表1記載のようにした以外は、実施例1と同様の操作により、ポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子、通い箱成形体を作製し、評価した。
表1記載のポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体を用い、添加剤、発泡条件等を表1記載の通りとし、実施例1と同様の操作により、一段発泡を行い、一段発泡粒子を得た。
次いで、一段発泡粒子を80℃にて6時間乾燥させた後、耐圧容器内にて、加圧空気を含浸させて、内圧を0.35MPa(絶対圧)にした後、0.08MPa(ゲージ圧)の水蒸気と接触させることにより、二段発泡させた。
得られた二段発泡粒子は、表1記載の型内発泡条件にて、実施例1と同様の操作により型内発泡成形を行い、評価した。
表1記載の1-ブテンを含まないポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体を用い、添加剤、発泡条件、型内発泡条件等を表1記載のようにした以外は、実施例1と同様の操作により、ポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子、通い箱成形体を作製し、評価した。
表1記載のポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体を用い、添加剤、発泡条件、型内発泡条件等を表1記載のようにした以外は、実施例1と同様の操作により、ポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子を得た。
次いで、[型内発泡成形体の作製]において、一段発泡粒子に内圧を付与せず、内圧が大気圧のまま金型に充填し、型内発泡成形した以外は、実施例1と同様の操作により、成形を行い、評価した。
実施例2で用いたポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体100重量部と、ラジカル開始剤であるt-ブチルパーオキシ-イソプロピルモノカーボネート(日油株式会社製、パーブチルI)0.02重量部をリボンブレンダーで撹拌混合した後、計量フィーダーを用いて二軸押出機(株式会社日本製鋼所製、TEX44)に供給し、液体添加ポンプを用いて押出機途中からイソプレンを、原料ポリプロピレン100重量部に対して1.0重量部となるよう供給し、溶融混練することにより、改質ポリプロピレン系樹脂を得た。
得られた改質ポリプロピレン系樹脂のMz/Mnは35、MFRは8g/10分、曲げ弾性率は1400MPa、溶融強度は1.6cN、融点は147℃であった。
この改質ポリプロピレン系樹脂を用いて、表1記載の添加剤を添加して混合した以外は、実施例1と同様の操作により、ポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子、通い箱成形体を作製し、評価した。
表2記載のポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体を用い、添加剤、発泡条件、型内発泡条件等を表2記載のようにした以外は、実施例1と同様の操作により、ポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子、通い箱成形体を作製し、評価した。
実施例2で用いたポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体100重量部と、ラジカル開始剤であるt-ブチルパーオキシ-イソプロピルモノカーボネート(日油株式会社製、パーブチルI)0.10重量部をリボンブレンダーで撹拌混合した後、計量フィーダーを用いて二軸押出機(株式会社日本製鋼所製、TEX44)に供給し、液体添加ポンプを用いて押出機途中からイソプレンを、原料ポリプロピレン100重量部に対して1.0重量部となるよう供給し、溶融混練することにより、改質ポリプロピレン系樹脂を得た。
得られた改質ポリプロピレン系樹脂のMz/Mnは30、MFRは7g/10分、曲げ弾性率は1400MPa、溶融強度は、2.6cN、融点は147℃であった。
この改質ポリプロピレン系樹脂を用い、表2記載の添加剤、発泡条件、型内発泡条件とした以外は、実施例1と同様の操作により、ポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子、通い箱成形体を作製し、評価した。
比較例4で用いたポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体100重量部と、ラジカル開始剤であるt-ブチルパーオキシ-イソプロピルモノカーボネート(日油株式会社製、パーブチルI)を0.02重量部とした以外は、比較例5と同様にして改質ポリプロピレン系樹脂を得た。
得られた改質ポリプロピレン系樹脂のMz/Mnは17、MFRは6g/10分、曲げ弾性率は1100MPa、溶融強度は1.6cN、融点は144℃であった。
この改質ポリプロピレン系樹脂を用い、表2記載の添加剤、発泡条件、型内発泡条件とした以外は、実施例1と同様の操作により、ポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子、通い箱成形体を作製し、評価した。
[型内発泡成形体の作製]において、一段発泡粒子に内圧を付与せず、内圧が大気圧のまま金型に充填し、型内発泡成形した以外は、比較例4と同様の操作により、成形を行い、評価した。
2、2A、2B 側壁
3 底壁
4 中仕切り
5 把手
10 金型
11A 固定型
11a 把手形成部分
11B 移動型
12A、12B 蒸気弁
13A、13B ドレン弁
14A、14B 金型チャンバ
15A、15B 冷却水供給ノズル
16 充填機
t2A、t2B 側壁の厚み
t3 底壁の厚み
X 金型の厚みの厚い部分
Y チャンバに接していない金型部分
Z 表面性が低下しやすい部分(把手周辺の表面)
Claims (20)
- Z平均分子量Mzと数平均分子量Mnの比Mz/Mnが20以上300以下、メルトフローレートが5g/10分以上20g/10分以下、溶融強度が2.5cN以下、および、曲げ弾性率が600MPa以上1600MPa以下のポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体を基材樹脂とするポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
- ポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体のMz/Mnが、20以上140以下である、請求項1に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
- ポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体のMz/Mnが、23以上60以下である、請求項1に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
- ポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体の溶融強度が、1.5cN以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
- ポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体の曲げ弾性率が、1300MPa以上1600MPa以下である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
- ポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体が、プロピレン/1-ブテンランダム共重合体および/またはプロピレン/エチレン/1-ブテンランダム共重合体である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
- ポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体の融点が、130℃以上158℃以下である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
- 示差走査熱量計法による測定において、少なくとも2つの融解熱量領域を有する、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
- 示差走査熱量計法による測定において2つの融解熱量領域を有し、低温側融解熱量Qlと、高温側融解熱量Qhから算出した、高温側融解熱量Qhの比率[Qh/(Ql+Qh)]×100(%)が10%以上50%以下である、請求項8に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
- ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子100重量%中に、群青、シアニン系顔料、アゾ系顔料、およびキナクリドン系顔料よりなる群から選択される少なくとも2種を含む顔料を0.01重量%以上1.5重量%以下含有する、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子。
- Z平均分子量Mzと数平均分子量Mnの比Mz/Mnが20以上300以下、メルトフローレートが5g/10分以上20g/10分以下、溶融強度が2.5cN以下、および、曲げ弾性率が600MPa以上1600MPa以下のポリプロピレン系ランダム共重合体からなるポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子を、水および発泡剤と共に耐圧容器中に収容し、攪拌条件下に分散させると共に、昇温および昇圧した後、耐圧容器の内圧よりも低い圧力域に耐圧容器中の分散液を放出してポリプロピレン系樹脂粒子を発泡させる、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子の製造方法。
- 発泡時の耐圧容器内温度を、基材樹脂であるポリプロピレン系樹脂の融点Tm-10(℃)以上、融解終了温度Tf(℃)未満とする、請求項11に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子の製造方法。
- 請求項11または12に記載の方法により製造されたポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子を一段発泡粒子とし、該一段発泡粒子に無機ガスを含浸して内圧を付与した後、0.04MPa(ゲージ圧)以上0.25MPa(ゲージ圧)以下に調整した水蒸気と接触させることにより、一段発泡粒子よりも発泡倍率が向上したポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子を得る、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子の製造方法。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子からなる型内発泡成形体。
- 通い箱である、請求項14に記載の型内発泡成形体。
- 通い箱の側壁部に、作業者が指を差し込み掴むことが可能な把手が設けられている、請求項15に記載の型内発泡成形体。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子を、金型に充填した後、加熱して、型内発泡成形することを特徴とする、型内発泡成形体の製造方法。
- ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子の内圧を高めることなく、該内圧が大気圧の状態で、かつ、気体で圧縮することなく金型に充填した後、加熱して、型内発泡成形する、請求項17に記載の型内発泡成形体の製造方法。
- 型内発泡成形体が通い箱である、請求項17または18に記載の型内発泡成形体の製造方法。
- 通い箱の側壁部に、作業者が指を差し込み掴むことが可能な把手が設けられている、請求項19に記載の型内発泡成形体の製造方法。
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EP13859195.3A EP2927270B1 (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2013-11-25 | Polypropylene resin foamed particles, polypropylene resin in-mold foam molded article, and method for producing same |
US14/441,375 US9493622B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2013-11-25 | Polypropylene resin foamed particles, polypropylene resin in-mold foam molded article, and method for producing same |
ES13859195.3T ES2654682T3 (es) | 2012-11-27 | 2013-11-25 | Partículas espumadas de resina de polipropileno, artículo moldeado en espuma en molde de resina de polipropileno y método para producir el mismo |
CN201380060267.3A CN104797643B (zh) | 2012-11-27 | 2013-11-25 | 聚丙烯系树脂发泡粒子及聚丙烯系树脂模内发泡成形体、以及它们的制造方法 |
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ES2654682T3 (es) | 2018-02-14 |
MY168973A (en) | 2019-01-29 |
JP6286363B2 (ja) | 2018-02-28 |
JPWO2014084165A1 (ja) | 2017-01-05 |
EP2927270A1 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
US20150284526A1 (en) | 2015-10-08 |
EP2927270B1 (en) | 2017-10-11 |
CN104797643B (zh) | 2017-12-29 |
US9493622B2 (en) | 2016-11-15 |
CN104797643A (zh) | 2015-07-22 |
EP2927270A4 (en) | 2016-07-13 |
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