WO2013140890A1 - 標的核酸分子の検出方法 - Google Patents
標的核酸分子の検出方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013140890A1 WO2013140890A1 PCT/JP2013/053080 JP2013053080W WO2013140890A1 WO 2013140890 A1 WO2013140890 A1 WO 2013140890A1 JP 2013053080 W JP2013053080 W JP 2013053080W WO 2013140890 A1 WO2013140890 A1 WO 2013140890A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6816—Hybridisation assays characterised by the detection means
- C12Q1/6823—Release of bound markers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6816—Hybridisation assays characterised by the detection means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6816—Hybridisation assays characterised by the detection means
- C12Q1/6818—Hybridisation assays characterised by the detection means involving interaction of two or more labels, e.g. resonant energy transfer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
- G01N2021/6439—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" with indicators, stains, dyes, tags, labels, marks
- G01N2021/6441—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" with indicators, stains, dyes, tags, labels, marks with two or more labels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for detecting a target nucleic acid molecule using an optical cross-linking reaction.
- the nucleic acid molecule in the sample solution can be detected by, for example, a hybridization method using a labeled probe that specifically hybridizes with the nucleic acid molecule.
- a labeled probe previously immobilized on a bead and a target nucleic acid molecule are hybridized, and then the hybridized target nucleic acid molecule immobilized on the bead is precipitated on the bottom of the container. Thereafter, the temperature of the reaction solution is gradually raised to above the denaturation temperature of the target nucleic acid, the labeled probe is released from the beads to the supernatant, and the amount of fluorescence or luminescence in the supernatant is measured over time (for example, patents). Reference 1).
- a method has been developed to introduce a reactive functional group into the base that constitutes the oligonucleotide, and to form a covalent bond with other oligonucleotides and other molecules via this reactive functional group (cross-linking).
- cross-linking has been.
- a method using 2-Amino-6-vinylpurine see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1
- a method using 3-Cyanovinylcarbazole Nucleoside which is a reactive base derivative (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2, Non-Patent Document 3, or Patent Document 2) is disclosed.
- a method for quantifying a target nucleic acid molecule using an optical cross-linking reaction and fluorescence resonance energy transfer For example, after associating a FRET probe and a target nucleic acid molecule under conditions suitable for specific association, the temperature between the two nucleic acid strands in the formed aggregate is not changed without changing the temperature and salt concentration of the reaction solution.
- a method is disclosed in which a covalent bond is formed using an optical cross-linking reaction, and then this aggregate is detected and analyzed for each molecule (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
- the formed aggregate is detected under normal measurement temperature conditions (for example, room temperature, etc.), so that a nonspecific aggregate (nonspecific aggregate) is detected during the aggregate detection operation.
- the formation of non-specific aggregates is achieved by stabilizing the aggregate of the FRET probe and the target nucleic acid molecule by the optical cross-linking reaction. It can be effectively suppressed.
- a FRET probe that specifically binds to a specific nucleic acid molecule is also used to detect an antigen-antibody reaction.
- an antigen-antibody reaction is performed using an antibody labeled with single-stranded DNA, and the formed antigen-antibody complex is bound to a FRET probe complementary to a single-stranded DNA labeled with an antibody,
- a method for detecting an antigen by releasing a fluorescent substance in a FRET probe from an antigen-antibody complex to a reaction supernatant by treating with a nucleolytic enzyme and measuring the fluorescence intensity of the reaction supernatant is disclosed. (For example, see Patent Document 4).
- the formed aggregate is bound to a solid phase carrier such as a bead, and the aggregate to which the solid phase carrier is bound is separated and recovered from a free labeled probe by solid-liquid separation, and then the recovered aggregate is
- the detection accuracy of the aggregate bound to the solid phase carrier may be inferior.
- Some embodiments of the present invention provide a method for detecting a target nucleic acid molecule using a labeled probe, in which an association of the target nucleic acid molecule and the labeled probe is separated from a free labeled probe using a solid phase carrier. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method capable of detecting a target nucleic acid molecule with high accuracy without being influenced by the solid phase carrier even when recovered.
- the target nucleic acid molecule is hybridized with both the labeled probe labeled with a luminescent substance and the probe that mediates the binding of the solid phase carrier, and the formed three-membered aggregate is immobilized. After separating and recovering from the free labeled probe in a state bound to the phase carrier, the luminescent material in the aggregate is separated from the solid phase carrier, and the free luminescent material is detected, thereby detecting the solid phase carrier. It was found that the target nucleic acid molecule can be detected with high accuracy without being affected by the above. Furthermore, it was found that the target nucleic acid molecule in the sample can be detected with higher accuracy by stabilizing the formed ternary aggregate by covalent bonding before separation and recovery from the free labeled probe. It was done.
- a method for detecting a target nucleic acid molecule in one embodiment of the present invention comprises: (A) a nucleic acid-containing sample and a first marker that is a luminescent substance are bound, and a first nucleic acid probe that specifically hybridizes with a target nucleic acid molecule, and a second marker are bound; And preparing a sample solution to which a target nucleic acid molecule and a second nucleic acid probe that specifically hybridizes in a region different from the region to which the first nucleic acid probe hybridizes are added; (B) denaturing the nucleic acid molecules in the sample solution prepared in the step (a); (C) after the step (b), associating nucleic acid molecules in the sample solution; (D) Among the aggregates formed in the step (c), in a three-party aggregate consisting of the target nucleic acid molecule, the first nucleic acid probe, and the second nucleic acid probe, the target nucleic acid
- the covalent bond formation reaction may be a photochemical reaction via a photoreactive base derivative.
- the photoreactive base derivative is 3-Cyanovinylcarbazole Nucleoside
- the covalent bond may be formed by irradiating the sample solution with light of 340 to 380 nm.
- the ternary aggregate bound to the solid phase carrier recovered in the step (e) may be washed with a washing solution having a salt concentration at which the Tm value of the first nucleic acid probe is 25 ° C. or lower. Good.
- the first marker may be detected using a fluorescence single molecule measurement method. Good.
- the detection of the first marker is performed.
- (P) a step of calculating the number of molecules of the first marker present in the measurement solution containing the released first marker by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy or fluorescence intensity distribution analysis, or (r) Using an optical system of a confocal microscope or a multiphoton microscope, light from the light detection region is moved while moving the position of the light detection region of the optical system in the measurement solution containing the released first marker. Detecting the number of molecules of the first marker present in the measurement solution by detecting May be performed.
- the step (a) includes: (A ′) preparing a sample solution to which the nucleic acid-containing sample, the first nucleic acid probe, the second nucleic acid probe, and a solid phase carrier having a site that binds to the second marker are added. And The step (e) (E ′) After the step (d), the sample solution may be subjected to a solid-liquid separation process to recover the three-party aggregate.
- the step (a ′) comprises: (A ′′) A step of preparing a sample solution to which the nucleic acid-containing sample, the first nucleic acid probe, and the second nucleic acid probe bound to a solid phase carrier are added may be used.
- Another aspect of the present invention is a target nucleic acid molecule detection kit used in the method for detecting a target nucleic acid molecule of any one of (1) to (11) above, A first nucleic acid probe, to which a first marker that is a luminescent substance is bound, and specifically hybridizes with a target nucleic acid molecule; And a second nucleic acid probe that specifically hybridizes in a region different from the region to which the first nucleic acid probe hybridizes. (13) In the target nucleic acid molecule detection kit according to (12), at least one base in a region that hybridizes with the target nucleic acid molecule in the first nucleic acid probe is substituted with a photoreactive base derivative.
- At least one base in the region that hybridizes with the target nucleic acid molecule in the second nucleic acid probe may be substituted with a photoreactive base derivative.
- the kit for detecting a target nucleic acid molecule according to (12) or (13) may further include a solid phase carrier having a site that binds to the second marker.
- the target nucleic acid molecule bound to the labeled nucleic acid probe is separated and recovered from the free labeled nucleic acid probe, and then measured in a state separated from the solid phase carrier. For this reason, by using the method for detecting a target nucleic acid molecule in the embodiment of the present invention, the target nucleic acid molecule can be detected with high accuracy without being affected by a free labeled probe or a solid phase carrier.
- Example 1 it is the figure which showed typically the one aspect
- Example 2 it is the figure which showed the measurement result by the FCS method of the number of molecules of the fluorescent substance Tamra released from the magnetic beads recovered from each sample solution by nucleolytic enzyme reaction or ultraviolet irradiation under low salt concentration conditions. is there.
- Example 3 it is the figure which showed the measurement result by the FCS method of the molecule
- Example 4 it is the figure which showed the measurement result by the FIDA method of the molecule
- the method for detecting a target nucleic acid molecule in one embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps (a) to (g).
- the target nucleic acid molecule means a nucleic acid molecule having a specific base sequence that is a detection target.
- the target nucleic acid molecule is not particularly limited as long as the base sequence is clarified to such an extent that a nucleic acid probe that specifically hybridizes with the nucleic acid molecule can be designed.
- it may be a nucleic acid molecule having a base sequence present in animal or plant chromosomes, bacterial or viral genes, or a nucleic acid molecule having an artificially designed base sequence.
- the target nucleic acid molecule may be a double-stranded nucleic acid or a single-stranded nucleic acid.
- any of DNA and RNA may be sufficient. Examples of the target nucleic acid molecule include microRNA, siRNA, mRNA, hnRNA, genomic DNA, synthetic DNA obtained by PCR amplification, cDNA synthesized from RNA using reverse transcriptase, and the like.
- the nucleic acid-containing sample is not particularly limited as long as it is a sample containing nucleic acid molecules.
- the nucleic acid-containing sample include biological samples collected from animals and the like, samples prepared from cultured cells, and reaction solutions after nucleic acid synthesis reaction. It may be a biological sample itself, or a nucleic acid solution extracted and / or purified from a biological sample.
- a nucleic acid probe that specifically hybridizes with a target nucleic acid molecule preferentially hybridizes with a target nucleic acid molecule over other nucleic acid molecules that are similar in base sequence to the target nucleic acid molecule.
- Any nucleic acid probe may be used, and it does not have to hybridize with any nucleic acid molecule other than the target nucleic acid molecule.
- the nucleic acid probe that specifically hybridizes with the target nucleic acid molecule may be an oligonucleotide having a base sequence that is completely complementary to the partial base sequence of the target nucleic acid molecule. It may have a base sequence having a mismatch of 1 to several bases.
- the first nucleic acid probe used in the present embodiment has a first marker bound thereto and specifically hybridizes with a target nucleic acid molecule.
- the first nucleic acid probe include a base sequence that is completely complementary to a partial base sequence of a target nucleic acid molecule, or a base sequence that has a mismatch of one to several bases with the partial base sequence, The oligonucleotide which this marker couple
- the first marker is a luminescent substance.
- the luminescent substance include particles (usually molecules or aggregates thereof) that emit light by fluorescence, phosphorescence, chemiluminescence, bioluminescence, light scattering, and the like.
- a fluorescent substance is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance that emits fluorescence by emitting light of a specific wavelength, such as fluorescent dyes and quantum dots used in fluorescence analysis such as FCS and FIDA. It can be appropriately selected from among them.
- the second nucleic acid probe used in the present embodiment has a second marker bound thereto and hybridizes specifically with the target nucleic acid molecule.
- the second nucleic acid probe include a base sequence that is completely complementary to the partial base sequence of the target nucleic acid molecule, or a base sequence that has a mismatch of one to several bases with the partial base sequence, The oligonucleotide which this marker couple
- the second marker is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance that can be detected separately from the first marker in the step (g).
- a substance that does not emit light may be used, and a luminescent substance that has different emission characteristics from the first marker may be used.
- “Different emission characteristics” mean that the intensities of light of a specific wavelength are different (for example, the intensities of fluorescence of a specific wavelength are different).
- the second marker for example, a fluorescent substance, nucleic acid (oligonucleotide), hydrophilic organic compound, biotin, glutathione, DNP (dinitrophenol), digoxigenin (digoxigenin) having different luminescence characteristics from the first marker Dig), digoxin, a sugar chain composed of 2 or more sugars, a polypeptide composed of 6 or more amino acids, auxin, gibberellin, steroid, protein, and analogs thereof.
- nucleic acid oligonucleotide
- hydrophilic organic compound biotin, glutathione
- DNP dinitrophenol
- digoxigenin digoxigenin having different luminescence characteristics from the first marker Dig
- digoxin digoxin
- a sugar chain composed of 2 or more sugars
- a polypeptide composed of 6 or more amino acids auxin, gibberellin, steroid, protein, and analogs thereof.
- the oligonucleotide constituting the first nucleic acid probe or the second nucleic acid probe may be DNA, RNA, or artificially amplified such as cDNA.
- a nucleic acid analog that can form a nucleotide chain or base pair in the same manner as a natural nucleobase may be included in part or all.
- Nucleic acid analogues include those in which side chains of natural nucleotides (naturally occurring nucleotides) such as DNA and RNA are modified with functional groups such as amino groups, and labeled with proteins, low molecular compounds, etc. And the like.
- BNA Bridged Nucleic Acid
- nucleotides in which the 4′-position oxygen atom of natural nucleotides is substituted with sulfur atoms, and hydroxyl groups in the 2′-position of natural ribonucleotides are substituted with methoxy groups Nucleotides, Hexitol Nucleic Acid (HNA), peptide nucleic acid (PNA) and the like.
- HNA Hexitol Nucleic Acid
- PNA peptide nucleic acid
- the oligonucleotide constituting the first nucleic acid probe or the second nucleic acid probe may have a region other than the region that hybridizes with the target nucleic acid molecule.
- a region that hybridizes with the target nucleic acid molecule and a region that binds the first marker or the second marker may be bound by a linker having an appropriate base length.
- the first nucleic acid probe or the second nucleic acid probe is, for example, a nucleic acid probe designed based on the base sequence information of the target nucleic acid molecule or the base sequence information of the region forming the base pair and synthesized based on the design. And can be prepared by binding a marker. A marker may be bound simultaneously with the synthesis of the nucleic acid probe.
- the design and synthesis of the first nucleic acid probe or the second nucleic acid probe, the binding reaction between the first nucleic acid probe and the first marker, and the binding reaction between the second nucleic acid probe and the second marker are performed according to conventional methods. It can be carried out.
- Both the first nucleic acid probe and the second nucleic acid probe are hybridized to one target nucleic acid molecule, and a three-party aggregate comprising these is formed. That is, the region that hybridizes with the first nucleic acid probe and the region that hybridizes with the second nucleic acid probe in the target nucleic acid molecule are different from each other.
- the target nucleic acid molecule is a double-stranded nucleic acid molecule
- both the first nucleic acid probe and the second nucleic acid probe hybridize to the single-stranded nucleic acid molecule. Note that the first nucleic acid probe and the second nucleic acid probe may simultaneously hybridize to the target nucleic acid molecule.
- a specific association condition between the first nucleic acid probe and the target nucleic acid molecule, and the second nucleic acid probe and the target nucleic acid molecule is preferable that the specific association conditions are substantially the same. Specific association conditions depend on the type and length of the base sequences of the target nucleic acid molecule and nucleic acid probe. Therefore, it is preferable to design the first nucleic acid probe and the second nucleic acid probe so that the specific association conditions are uniform.
- the specific association conditions between the target nucleic acid molecule and the nucleic acid probe can be determined from a melting curve. Since the formation of aggregates generally depends on temperature conditions and salt concentration conditions, the temperature of the solution containing only the nucleic acid probe and the target nucleic acid molecule is changed from high temperature to low temperature, and the absorbance of the solution is measured. Thus, a melting curve can be obtained. From the obtained melting curve, the temperature conditions in the range from the temperature at which the nucleic acid probe that had existed in the single-stranded state started to form an aggregate with the target nucleic acid molecule to the temperature at which almost all became an aggregate were determined. Specific association conditions can be used. By changing the salt concentration in the solution from a low concentration to a high concentration instead of the temperature, the melting curve can be similarly determined to determine the specific association conditions.
- the specific association conditions differ depending on the type of target nucleic acid molecule or nucleic acid probe, and are determined experimentally.
- the Tm value (melting temperature) can be substituted.
- the Tm value of a region having a base sequence complementary to the target nucleic acid molecule 50% of double-stranded DNA is 1
- the temperature at which the DNA is dissociated into the double-stranded DNA can be calculated.
- a condition in which the temperature is a value in the vicinity of the Tm value, for example, a condition in which the Tm value is about ⁇ 3 ° C. can be set as the specific association condition.
- the specific association conditions can be determined in more detail by experimentally obtaining a melting curve in the vicinity of the calculated Tm value.
- a sample solution is prepared by adding a nucleic acid-containing sample, a first nucleic acid probe, and a second nucleic acid probe to an appropriate solvent.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is a solvent that does not damage the first marker and the second marker, and can be appropriately selected from buffers generally used in the technical field. it can.
- the buffer include a phosphate buffer such as PBS (phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4), a Tris buffer, and the like.
- an organic solvent such as formamide may be used depending on the types of the first marker and the second marker.
- the nucleic acid molecules in the prepared sample solution are denatured.
- “denaturing a nucleic acid molecule” means dissociating base pairs. For example, it means that a double-stranded nucleic acid is a single-stranded nucleic acid.
- the denaturation temperature varies depending on the length of the base of the target nucleic acid molecule.
- the temperature is not limited to the above as long as it can be modified.
- the denaturation by the low salt concentration treatment can be performed by adjusting the salt concentration of the sample solution to be sufficiently low, for example, by diluting with purified water or the like.
- the nucleic acid molecules in the sample solution are associated. Formation of an association between the target nucleic acid molecule, the first nucleic acid probe, and the second nucleic acid probe is performed under specific association conditions. Specifically, when heat denaturation is performed, after the high temperature treatment, the temperature of the sample solution is lowered to a temperature suitable for specific association conditions, thereby associating nucleic acid molecules in the sample solution as appropriate. be able to. Preferably, the temperature of the sample solution is lowered to about a temperature of Tm ⁇ 3 ° C. of a region having a base sequence complementary to the target nucleic acid molecule in the first nucleic acid probe and the second nucleic acid probe.
- the salt concentration of the sample solution is increased to a concentration suitable for specific association conditions by adding a salt solution after the low salt concentration treatment. By doing so, the nucleic acid molecules in the sample solution can be appropriately associated.
- the temperature of the solution is preferably lowered relatively slowly when forming an aggregate.
- the solution temperature of the solution can be lowered at a temperature lowering rate of 0.05 ° C./second or higher.
- a surfactant In order to suppress non-specific hybridization, it is also preferable to add a surfactant, formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, urea or the like to the solution in advance. These compounds may be added alone or in combination of two or more. By adding these compounds, nonspecific hybridization can be made difficult to occur in a relatively low temperature environment.
- the target nucleic acid molecule and the first nucleic acid molecule in the three-party aggregate composed of the target nucleic acid molecule, the first nucleic acid probe, and the second nucleic acid probe At least one covalent bond is formed with one nucleic acid probe, and at least one covalent bond is formed between the target nucleic acid molecule and the second nucleic acid probe.
- the method for forming a covalent bond in step (d) is not particularly limited as long as it can form a covalent bond linking two single-stranded nucleic acids forming a base pair. Can be appropriately selected from known methods used for cross-linking.
- the “same conditions as in the formation of the three-party aggregate in step (c)” are preferably the same conditions for the temperature and salt concentration of the sample solution, but the target nucleic acid molecule, the first nucleic acid probe, and the first nucleic acid probe 3 in the step (c) is easy to form an association with the nucleic acid probe of 2 and easy to form an association of the nucleic acid molecule other than the target nucleic acid molecule with the first nucleic acid probe and the second nucleic acid probe. It may be substantially the same at the time of formation of a worker aggregate and at the time of formation of a covalent bond in step (d), and may not necessarily be physically completely the same.
- the temperature of the sample solution at the time of forming the three-party aggregate in step (c) is Tm value ⁇ 3 ° C.
- the temperature of the sample solution at the time of forming the covalent bond in step (d) is also Tm value ⁇ 3 ° C.
- the temperature may be in the range of.
- a Tm value of ⁇ 3 ° C. is a specific association condition, and even if there is some variation within the above temperature range, This is because there is little influence.
- a covalent bond by a photochemical reaction.
- the photochemical reaction means a reaction performed by irradiating light of a specific wavelength and using the light energy.
- a covalent bond can be formed between the nucleic acid strands of the aggregate by irradiating the sample solution with light of a specific wavelength. There is no need to fluctuate. For this reason, it is possible to suppress the influence other than the covalent bond formation on the aggregate in the sample solution, and the operation is simple.
- a first nucleic acid probe in which at least one base in a region hybridizing with a target nucleic acid molecule in the first nucleic acid probe is substituted with a photoreactive base derivative and a target nucleic acid in the second nucleic acid probe
- a photochemical reaction causes a reaction between the target nucleic acid molecule and the first nucleic acid probe.
- a covalent bond via the photoreactive base derivative can be formed between the target nucleic acid molecule and the second nucleic acid probe.
- the base substituted with the photoreactive base derivative in the first nucleic acid probe and the second nucleic acid probe is not particularly limited as long as it is a base in a region that hybridizes with the target nucleic acid molecule. Moreover, only 1 base may be substituted by the photoreactive base derivative, and 2 or more bases may be substituted by the photoreactive base derivative.
- the photoreactive base derivative has a site (photoreactive site) where the reactivity in organic synthesis reaction is activated by irradiation with light of a specific wavelength, and is similar to natural nucleotides.
- Examples of such a photoreactive base derivative include 3-Cyanovinylcarbazole Nucleoside ( CNV K) (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2 or 3).
- the nucleic acid probe substituted with the photoreactive base derivative can be produced, for example, by using the photoreactive base derivative as a raw material when the nucleic acid probe is synthesized using a known oligonucleotide synthesizer. it can. Moreover, after manufacturing an unsubstituted nucleic acid probe, it can obtain by introduce
- CNV K When CNV K is used as the photoreactive base derivative, specifically, a three-party association comprising these in a sample solution containing the target nucleic acid molecule, the first nucleic acid probe, and the second nucleic acid probe.
- the sample solution is irradiated with 300 nm to 380 nm light, preferably 340 nm to 380 nm light, more preferably 360 nm to 370 nm light, more preferably 366 nm ultraviolet light, CNV K 5 ′ side
- the atoms constituting the pyrimidine base and the atoms constituting CNV K in the target nucleic acid molecule forming a base pair with the purine base adjacent to are bonded by a covalent bond.
- thymine (T) or adenine (A) via a linker to psoralen for example, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 88, pp. 5602-5606, You may use what added July (1991).
- T thymine
- A adenine
- psoralen was bound to T or A in the TA sequence via a linker.
- a psoralen-binding nucleic acid probe is prepared.
- the first nucleic acid probe or the second nucleic acid forming a base pair via this psoralen
- the probe and the target nucleic acid molecule are cross-linked to stabilize the three-party aggregate.
- step (e) first, a solid phase carrier having a site that binds to the second marker is added to the sample solution, and the second marker in the third party aggregate is added.
- the solid support and the three-membered aggregate are bound to each other.
- the three-party aggregate bound to the solid phase carrier is recovered by solid-liquid separation treatment.
- the solid phase carrier used in this embodiment has a site that binds to the second marker. Specifically, it is a solid phase carrier in which a substance that specifically or nonspecifically binds or adsorbs to the second marker is bound to the surface.
- the second marker is an oligonucleotide
- the substance includes an oligonucleotide that hybridizes with the oligonucleotide, an antigen or antibody for the second marker, a ligand or receptor for the second marker, or biotin and avidin. Examples include substances that specifically bind to the second marker.
- the solid phase carrier may be non-specifically bound to the second marker, but is specifically bound or the like from the viewpoint of the accuracy of detection and / or quantification of the target nucleic acid molecule. Preferably there is.
- the method for binding the solid phase carrier and the substance that specifically or non-specifically binds or adsorbs to the second marker is not particularly limited, and may be physically adsorbed. It may be chemically bonded to the functional group. When chemically bonding, it can be bonded by a method suitable for each functional group.
- EDAC (1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -carbodiimide hydrochloride) reaction
- EDC (1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride
- NHS N-hydroxysuccinimide
- reaction to crosslink amino groups using a bipolar linker, activated aldehyde group or tosyl group, and second marker For example, a reaction that binds a functional group in a substance that binds or adsorbs specifically or non-specifically.
- the surface of the solid phase carrier may be coated with a functional group in advance.
- the shape, material, etc. of the solid phase carrier are not particularly limited as long as it is a solid having a site that binds to the second marker.
- particles that can be suspended in water such as beads and can be separated from the liquid by a general solid-liquid separation process, a membrane, a container, a chip substrate, etc. Good.
- Specific examples of the solid phase carrier include magnetic beads, silica beads, agarose gel beads, polyacrylamide resin beads, latex beads, plastic beads, ceramic beads, zirconia beads, silica membranes, silica filters, and plastic plates.
- the solid support is particles such as beads, the solid support is added to the sample solution.
- the sample solution is permeated through the solid support.
- the solid phase carrier is a container whose inner wall is coated with a substance that binds to the second marker, the sample solution is injected into the container that is the solid phase carrier.
- the second marker when the second marker is biotin, beads or filters in which avidin or streptavidin is bound to the surface can be used as the solid phase carrier. Further, when the second marker is digoxigenin (Dig), beads or filters in which an anti-Dig antibody is bound to the surface can be used as a solid phase carrier.
- the three-party aggregate is bound to the solid-phase carrier via the second marker in the three-party aggregate. Thereafter, a solid-liquid separation treatment is performed to separate and recover the three-party aggregate bound to the solid phase carrier from the free first nucleic acid probe present in the liquid phase.
- the solid-liquid separation process is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of recovering the solid phase carrier in the solution by separating it from the liquid component.
- the known processes used for the solid-liquid separation process It can be appropriately selected and used.
- the solid phase carrier is a particle such as a bead
- the suspension containing the solid phase carrier may be centrifuged to precipitate the solid phase carrier, and the supernatant may be removed.
- the solid phase carrier remaining on the surface of a filter paper or the like may be recovered by filtration using a filtration filter.
- the solid phase carrier is a magnetic bead
- a magnet is brought close to the container in which the solution is placed, the solid phase carrier is converged on the surface of the container closest to the magnet, and then the supernatant May be removed.
- the solid phase carrier is a container whose inner wall is coated with a substance that binds to the second marker, the liquid in the container that is the solid phase carrier is discharged.
- the solid phase carrier is a membrane or a filter, the sample solution is allowed to permeate the solid phase carrier, thereby binding the solid phase carrier to the three-party aggregate and the three-party aggregate bound to the solid phase carrier. Separation and recovery from the free first nucleic acid probe can be performed in one operation.
- step (a) a solid phase carrier having a site that binds to the second marker is added to the sample solution together with the nucleic acid-containing sample, the first nucleic acid probe, and the second nucleic acid probe in advance.
- step (c) after forming a three-party aggregate bound to the solid phase carrier, solid-liquid separation treatment is performed to convert the three-party aggregate bound to the solid phase carrier into the free first You may isolate
- a sample solution is prepared by adding a second marker previously bound to a solid phase carrier, a nucleic acid-containing sample, and a first nucleic acid probe.
- the sample solution is fixed.
- the solid-liquid separation treatment separates and recovers the three-party aggregate bound to the solid phase carrier from the free first nucleic acid probe. May be.
- the 2nd marker used in this case may be couple
- a solution containing a three-party aggregate bound to the solid phase carrier is prepared.
- the recovered solid phase carrier is supplied to step (f) as a solution containing the carrier.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not hinder the detection of light emitted from the first marker in a later step, and is selected from among buffers generally used in the technical field. Can be appropriately selected and used.
- the buffer include a phosphate buffer such as PBS (phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4), a Tris buffer, and the like.
- the recovered solid phase carrier may be washed with an appropriate solvent before the step (f). By washing, the free first nucleic acid probe can be separated and removed more strictly from the three-party aggregate bound to the solid phase carrier.
- the solvent for washing the solid phase carrier is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the binding between the second marker and the solid phase carrier, and the solvent bonded to the solid phase carrier used in the step (f) 3
- the solvent may be the same as or different from the solvent used for preparing the solution containing the aggregate.
- the solid phase carrier is washed in a state where the first nucleic acid probe is inhibited from forming a non-specific association (for example, an association with the second nucleic acid probe). It is preferable.
- the first nucleic acid probe is washed with a solvent having a salt concentration such that the Tm value of the first nucleic acid probe is very low. Among these, it is preferable to wash with a solvent having a salt concentration at which the Tm value of the first nucleic acid probe is lower than the temperature during washing.
- the salt concentration varies depending on the base sequence of the probe, considering that washing is performed at room temperature of about 25 ° C., a salt concentration solvent in which the Tm value of the first nucleic acid probe is 25 ° C. or less is used for washing.
- a salt concentration solvent in which the Tm value of the first nucleic acid probe is 25 ° C. or less is used for washing.
- the solvent specifically, a low salt concentration used for washing or the like in a hybridization method such as x0.01 SSC (1.5 mM NaCl, 0.15 mM sodium citrate solution) or a salt concentration solution lower than this.
- the solvent may be a solvent that does not contain a salt such as water.
- the first marker is released from the collected three-party aggregate.
- the method for releasing the first marker is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of separating the first marker in the tripartite aggregate from the solid phase carrier.
- a first marker is liberated by adding a nucleolytic enzyme to a solution containing a three-party association bound to a solid phase carrier and decomposing a nucleic acid molecule including the first nucleic acid probe by the enzyme.
- the nucleolytic enzyme used for releasing the first marker is not particularly limited, and may be either a DNA degrading enzyme or an RNA degrading enzyme, or may be a restriction enzyme.
- the DNA degrading enzyme include S1 Nuclease, Mung Bean Nuclease, BAL 31 Nuclease, Exonclease I, Exonclease III IV, DNase I and the like.
- the RNA degrading enzyme include Ribonuclease H, and examples of the DNA / RNA degrading enzyme include Micrococcal Nuclease.
- the first marker can be separated from the solid phase carrier by digesting the recognition site of the restriction enzyme in the tripartite aggregate by restriction enzyme treatment. Restriction enzymes include, but are not limited to, EcoRI and HindIII.
- the first marker can be released by chemically decomposing nucleic acid molecules including the first nucleic acid probe by alkali instead of enzymatic reaction (f4).
- alkali is added to a solution containing a three-party association bound to a solid phase carrier to adjust the pH of the solution to 50 ° C. to 100 ° C., preferably 70 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably. Is heated to 80 ° C to 100 ° C.
- the alkali treatment may be performed at a pH and concentration at which the nucleic acid molecule is decomposed.
- the kind of alkali used is not specifically limited, An inorganic alkali may be sufficient and an organic alkali may be sufficient.
- a strong alkali solution such as a 0.1 mM sodium hydroxide solution or a 0.1 mM potassium hydroxide solution is added, and a solution containing a three-party association bound to a solid phase carrier is pH 10 or more, preferably pH 12 or more. Then, it is heated to 50 ° C. or higher, preferably 70 ° C. or higher.
- the covalent bond formed by the photochemical reaction using CNV K is easy to be eliminated by strong energy.
- the energy applied at this time may be light energy or thermal energy.
- the first nucleic acid probe, the second nucleic acid probe, and the target nucleic acid molecule are covalently bound by a photochemical reaction using CNV K as a photoreactive base derivative, they are immobilized under disassociation conditions.
- the first marker can also be released by irradiating ultraviolet rays of 300 nm to 380 nm, preferably 340 nm to 380 nm, to the three-membered aggregate bound to the phase carrier (f1).
- the disassociation condition refers to the target nucleic acid molecule when a covalent bond is not formed between the target nucleic acid molecule and the first nucleic acid probe, or between the target nucleic acid molecule and the second nucleic acid probe.
- the first nucleic acid probe or the target nucleic acid molecule and the second nucleic acid probe are dissociated.
- the disassociation condition include a low salt concentration condition in which the Tm value of the first nucleic acid probe is very low, as in the washing treatment.
- a three-membered association bound to a solid phase carrier is a solution having a salt concentration at which the Tm value of the first nucleic acid probe is 25 ° C. or lower (even if it does not contain a salt such as water). The solution is irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 300 to 380 nm.
- first nucleic acid probe and the second nucleic acid probe and the target nucleic acid molecule are covalently bonded by a photochemical reaction using CNV K as a photoreactive base derivative, they are bound to a solid phase carrier 3
- the first marker can also be released by heating the aggregate to a temperature sufficiently higher than the Tm value of the first nucleic acid probe.
- the three-membered aggregate bound to the solid phase carrier is heated to 80 ° C. or higher (f3). It is preferable to heat the ternary aggregate bound to the solid support in a state where a solvent that does not inhibit the detection of light emitted from the first marker such as water is added.
- step (g) the target nucleic acid molecule is detected by detecting the released first marker.
- One molecule of the first marker is released from one molecule of the ternary aggregate.
- the number of first markers detected in step (g) is equal to the number of target nucleic acid molecules in the nucleic acid-containing sample added in step (a).
- the released first marker can be detected by irradiating light having a wavelength optimal for its spectral characteristics and detecting the optical characteristics of the light emitted from the marker. “Detecting the optical properties of the marker” means detecting an optical signal of a specific wavelength emitted from the marker. Examples of the light signal include fluorescence intensity and fluorescence polarization. In the present embodiment, the fluorescence intensity is preferable.
- the method for detecting the first marker is not particularly limited as long as it is a method that can detect and analyze the intensity of a fluorescent signal of a molecule in a solution or its temporal change (fluctuation). For example, the fluorescence intensity emitted from all the fluorescent molecules in the solution may be measured, or the fluorescence intensity may be measured for each molecule.
- the fluorescence intensity of the solution can be measured by a conventional method using a fluorescence spectrophotometer such as a fluorescence plate reader.
- the fluorescence intensity of the solution depends on the amount of the first marker contained in the solution. For this reason, for example, by preparing a calibration curve indicating the relationship between the content of the first marker and the fluorescence intensity in advance, the amount of the first marker in the solution, that is, the target nucleic acid in the nucleic acid-containing sample The amount of molecules can be quantified.
- Examples of a method for measuring the fluorescence intensity for each molecule in the sample solution include fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy, FCS), or fluorescence intensity distribution analysis method (Fluorescence Intensity Distribution Analysis, FIDA).
- fluorescence correlation spectroscopy Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy, FCS
- fluorescence intensity distribution analysis method Fluorescence Intensity Distribution Analysis, FIDA
- numerator can be performed by a conventional method, for example using well-known single molecule fluorescence analysis systems, such as MF20 (made by Olympus).
- Nucleic acid molecules can be detected and quantified. Further, by detecting the fluctuation of the fluorescence intensity of the molecules existing in the focal region in the confocal optical system by FCS, by calculating the number of molecules of the released first marker by performing statistical analysis, Target nucleic acid molecules can be detected and quantified.
- a fluorescent molecule in a solution can also be detected by a scanning molecule counting method (Scanning Molecular Counting). Specifically, by detecting the fluorescence from the light detection region while moving the position of the light detection region of the optical system in the measurement sample solution using an optical system of a confocal microscope or a multiphoton microscope. The number of molecules of the released first marker present in the measurement sample solution is calculated (see, for example, International Publication No. 11/108369, International Publication No. 11/108370, International Publication No. 11/108371). ).
- the scanning molecule counting method particles that emit light that moves randomly and moves in a measurement sample solution (hereinafter referred to as “luminescent particles”) traverse the minute region while scanning the sample solution with the minute region.
- the light emitted from the luminescent particles in the micro area is detected, so that each luminescent particle in the measurement sample solution is individually detected to count the luminescent particles and emit light in the measurement sample solution. It is a technique that makes it possible to obtain information on the concentration or number density of particles.
- the sample required for measurement may be a very small amount (for example, about several tens of ⁇ L), the measurement time is short, and in the case of the optical analysis technology such as FIDA Compared to the above, it is possible to quantitatively detect the characteristics such as the concentration or number density of the luminescent particles having a lower concentration or number density.
- the “light detection region” of the optical system of the confocal microscope or the multiphoton microscope is a minute region in which light is detected in those microscopes, and when illumination light is given from the objective lens, This corresponds to a region where the illumination light is collected.
- a region is determined particularly by the positional relationship between the objective lens and the pinhole.
- the scanning molecule counting method is configured to detect light from the light detection region of the confocal microscope or the multiphoton microscope, as in the case of the optical analysis technology such as FIDA, the light detection mechanism itself, The amount of sample solution may be trace as well.
- the scanning molecule counting method statistical processing such as calculation of fluctuations in fluorescence intensity is not performed, so the photoanalysis technique of the scanning molecule counting method is necessary for the optical analysis technique in which the particle number density or concentration is FIDA or the like. Applicable to sample solutions that are significantly lower than
- each of the particles dispersed or dissolved in the solution is individually detected. Therefore, the information is used to quantitatively count the particles in the measurement sample solution. It is possible to calculate the concentration or number density of the material or to acquire information on the concentration or number density. That is, according to the scanning molecule counting method, particles passing through the light detection region and detected light signals are detected one by one so that the particles are detected one by one. Particle counting is possible. Therefore, it is possible to determine the concentration or number density of particles in the measurement sample solution with higher accuracy than before.
- the detection of the first marker released in the target nucleic acid molecule detection method of the present embodiment is performed by the scanning molecule counting method, and particles in the measurement sample solution are individually detected by the light emitted by the first marker, and the number thereof.
- the particle concentration is determined by counting the concentration of the first marker in the measurement sample solution, the concentration is lower than the concentration that can be determined based on the fluorescence intensity measured by a fluorescence spectrophotometer or a plate reader. Even so, the first marker can be detected.
- the target nucleic acid molecule in the nucleic acid-containing sample is very low and the released first marker is 1 femtomole or less, the target nucleic acid molecule is not amplified in advance by using the scanning molecule counting method. Quantitative detection is possible.
- the measurement sample solution is not subjected to mechanical vibration or hydrodynamic action.
- the inside is observed uniformly or in a state where the measurement sample solution is mechanically stable. Therefore, for example, the reliability of the quantitative detection result is improved as compared with the case where a flow is generated in the sample, and the particles to be detected in the measurement sample solution (in the present invention, the released first Measurement can be performed in a state where there is no influence or artifact due to mechanical action on the marker.
- the amount of sample required increases significantly, and particles, luminescent probes or conjugates or other substances in the solution may be altered or denatured by hydrodynamic action due to flow.
- the detection accuracy of luminescent particles having a relatively slow diffusional mobility in a solution, such as a solid phase carrier may be low.
- the influence of the solid phase carrier is eliminated even when the fluorescence single molecule measurement method is used, by using the first marker in a free state separated from the solid phase carrier as a detection target.
- the first marker can be detected with high accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing one aspect of the method for detecting a target nucleic acid molecule of the present embodiment.
- a fluorescent substance is used as the first marker
- biotin is used as the second marker
- avidin beads are used as the solid phase carrier.
- a covalent bond is formed (cross-linked) between the first nucleic acid probe and the target nucleic acid molecule and between the second nucleic acid probe and the target nucleic acid molecule by a photochemical reaction using CNV K, and a nucleolytic enzyme is used.
- the first marker is released.
- the target nucleic acid molecule 1, the first nucleic acid probe 2 to which the fluorescent substance 2a is bound, and the second nucleic acid probe 3 to which the biotin 3a is bound are hybridized to a triplet aggregate formed at 365 nm.
- Irradiation with ultraviolet rays forms covalent bonds between CNV K2b in the first nucleic acid probe 2 and the target nucleic acid molecule 1, and between CNV K3b in the second nucleic acid probe 3 and the target nucleic acid molecule 1, respectively. (Cross-link) is generated (the first figure in FIG. 1).
- the avidin beads 4 are added to the sample solution, and the tripartite aggregate is bound to the avidin beads 4 through the biotin 3a (second stage diagram in FIG. 1). Thereafter, after washing with a low salt concentration solution, the target nucleic acid molecule 1, the first nucleic acid probe 2, and the second nucleic acid probe 3 are decomposed by an enzyme treatment with a nucleolytic enzyme (the third figure in FIG. 1). ), The fluorescent substance 2a is released from the avidin bead 4 (the fourth figure in FIG. 1).
- the Tm value of the aggregate of the second nucleic acid probe and the target nucleic acid molecule is made sufficiently higher than the Tm value of the aggregate of the first nucleic acid probe and the target nucleic acid molecule, and the solid-liquid in step (e) If the second nucleic acid probe can hybridize to the target nucleic acid molecule in the separation process and the previous washing process, at least one covalent bond is formed only between the first nucleic acid probe and the target nucleic acid molecule. What is necessary is just to form.
- the target nucleic acid molecule is separated from the free labeled probe or the like in the same manner as the target nucleic acid molecule detection method of the present embodiment. Detection is possible without being affected by the solid phase carrier.
- the Tm value of the aggregate of the first nucleic acid probe and the target nucleic acid molecule is made lower than the temperature of the washing solution used for the washing treatment, preferably 10 ° C. or more, and the second nucleic acid probe and the target nucleic acid are made.
- the Tm value of the association with the molecule higher than the temperature of the washing solution, preferably higher by 10 ° C. or more, the free first nucleic acid probe can be washed away by the washing treatment.
- the second nucleic acid probe is changed to PNA.
- a nucleic acid analog that can form a stronger base pair than a natural oligonucleotide is included in at least a part, and the nucleic acid chain portion of the first nucleic acid probe is composed only of a natural oligonucleotide. It is done.
- the solid-liquid separation in the step (e) and the previous washing treatment are not formed with a covalent bond with the target nucleic acid molecule, but nonspecifically hybridize with other nucleic acid molecules.
- the target nucleic acid molecule detection method of the present embodiment is the same as that of the present embodiment except that the first nucleic acid probe can be released and the second nucleic acid probe can hybridize with the target nucleic acid molecule.
- the second nucleic acid probe is used as a target nucleic acid molecule for the release of the first marker from the recovered three-party aggregate in the step (f). It can also be carried out by washing under a solution condition with stringent stringency so that it cannot be hybridized.
- the second nucleic acid probe bound to the solid phase carrier is dissociated from the target nucleic acid molecule, the first marker forming an aggregate with the target nucleic acid molecule is released from the solid phase carrier.
- ⁇ Target nucleic acid molecule detection kit> It is also preferable to make a kit of various reagents and devices including the first nucleic acid probe and the second nucleic acid probe, which are used in the target nucleic acid molecule detection method of the present embodiment. With the kit, the target nucleic acid molecule detection method of the present embodiment can be performed more simply.
- the kit includes, in addition to the nucleic acid probe, a solid phase carrier having a site that binds to the second marker, various buffers used for preparing a sample solution, and three after stabilization by covalent bonding A washing solution for washing the aggregate, an incubator with a thermostatic device, and the like can be included.
- One aspect of the present invention is a single-stranded RNA having a sequence homologous to human microRNA let-7a (hsa-let-7a, 5′-UGAGGUAGUAGGUUGUAUAGUUU-3 ′) (SEQ ID NO: 1) as a target nucleic acid molecule.
- the unlabeled target nucleic acid molecule was detected by the target nucleic acid molecule detection method.
- a base having a complementary base sequence in the region from the 5 'end to the 9th base of let-7a and a base complementary to the 5th base from the 5' end of let-7a A nucleic acid probe (7a right tamura-1, 5'-ACTAKCTCA-3 ') in which CNV K was substituted as a base derivative for cross-linking and a fluorescent substance Tamra was bound to the 3' end as a first marker was used. .
- the second nucleic acid probe has a base sequence complementary to the region from the 3 ′ end to the 13th base of let-7a on the 3 ′ end side, and the sixth nucleic acid probe from the 3 ′ end of let-7a.
- a nucleic acid probe (B-7aL1, 5′-) in which CNV K is substituted as a base derivative that crosslinks a base complementary to the base of this sequence, and 10 bases of thymidine and biotin are added to the 5 ′ end as a second marker. TTTTTTTTTTAACTAKACACACT-3 ′) was used.
- K means CNV K.
- nucleotide sequences of each probe before substitution with CNV K are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 2 and 3, respectively.
- the first nucleic acid probe and the second nucleic acid probe were synthesized by Fasmac Co., Ltd.
- the first nucleic acid probe and the second nucleic acid probe have a final concentration of 100 nM
- the target nucleic acid molecule is a synthetic RNA consisting of a base sequence homologous to let-7a at a final concentration of 10 nM, 1 nM, 100 pM, 50 ⁇ L each of solutions added so as to be 10 pM, 1 pM, and 0 pM was prepared (150 mM NaCl, 10 mM Tris-HCl, 0.1% Tween 20).
- an RNA degradation inhibitor product name: Super Rase In, manufactured by Ambion
- the target nucleic acid molecule used was synthesized by Hokkaido System Science Co., Ltd. Each sample solution was denatured at 70 ° C. for 2 minutes, and then hybridization (association) was performed by lowering the temperature to 10 ° C. at 1 ° C./15 seconds. Thereafter, the sample solution was irradiated with 365 nm light in ice. 10 ⁇ L of Dynabeads (product name: Dynabeads MyOne Streptavidin, manufactured by Invitron) was added to each sample solution as magnetic beads and incubated at room temperature for 15 minutes. Thereafter, the magnetic beads were washed once each with x1 SSC, x0.1 SSC, and x0.01 SSC.
- FIG. 2 shows the measurement results by FIDA of the number of molecules of the fluorescent substance Tamra released from the magnetic beads recovered from each sample solution by a nucleolytic enzyme reaction.
- the horizontal axis represents the target nucleic acid molecule concentration (nM), and the vertical axis represents the number of fluorescent molecules.
- nM target nucleic acid molecule concentration
- the vertical axis represents the number of fluorescent molecules.
- the first marker was released from the solid phase carrier by nucleolytic enzyme reaction or ultraviolet irradiation under a low salt concentration condition.
- the target nucleic acid molecule, the first nucleic acid probe, and the first nucleic acid molecule were synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the synthetic RNA having a base sequence homologous to let-7a was changed to a final concentration of 10 nM or 0 nM.
- a sample solution containing 2 nucleic acid probes was prepared, subjected to hybridization (association) after denaturation, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays to form covalent bonds.
- Dynabeads product name: Dynabeads MyOne Streptavidin, manufactured by Invitron
- the magnetic beads were washed once each with x1 SSC, x0.1 SSC, and x0.01 SSC. After washing, 50 ⁇ L of ⁇ 0.1 SSC, ⁇ 0.01 SSC, or pure water was added, heated at 50 ° C. for 1 minute, and irradiated with 365 nm ultraviolet rays for 10 seconds in that state.
- the supernatant was collected, irradiated with the excitation wavelength of Tamra, and the supernatant was measured by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS method).
- FCS method fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
- the magnetic beads bound with the three-party aggregate were washed once with x1 SSC, x0.1 SSC, and x0.01 SSC, respectively, and then the S1 nuclease solution (Takara) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Biotechnology) was added and reacted, and 30 ⁇ L of TE buffer was added to the resulting reaction solution.
- the supernatant was collected and irradiated with the excitation wavelength of Tamra.
- the supernatant was measured by a fluorescence intensity distribution analysis method (FIDA method).
- FIDA method fluorescence intensity distribution analysis method
- an S1 nuclease solution manufactured by Takara Bio Inc. was added to and reacted with the magnetic beads after washing in the same manner as in Example 1.
- FCS fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
- FIG. 3 shows the measurement results by FCS of the number of molecules of the fluorescent substance Tamra released from the magnetic beads recovered from each sample solution.
- the horizontal axis represents the treatment performed to release Tamra, and the vertical axis represents the number of fluorescent molecules analyzed using the FCS method.
- “S1 nuclease without let7a” indicates the result of the sample solution to which the target nucleic acid molecule was not added.
- the number of fluorescent molecules of about 2 can be measured under each solution condition.
- the first marker is released from the solid phase carrier by heating under an alkaline condition or under a low salt concentration condition.
- the target nucleic acid molecule, the first nucleic acid probe, and the first nucleic acid molecule were synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the synthetic RNA having a base sequence homologous to let-7a was changed to a final concentration of 10 nM or 0 nM.
- a sample solution containing 2 nucleic acid probes was prepared, subjected to hybridization (association) after denaturation, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays to form covalent bonds.
- FIG. 4 shows the measurement results by FCS method of the number of molecules of the fluorescent substance Tamra released from the magnetic beads recovered from each sample solution by heating under low salt concentration conditions or alkaline conditions.
- the horizontal axis shows the temperature when Tamra is liberated, and the vertical axis shows the number of fluorescent molecules analyzed using the FCS method.
- FCS method the number of fluorescent molecules of the fluorescent substance Tamra released from the magnetic beads recovered from each sample solution by heating under low salt concentration conditions or alkaline conditions.
- the horizontal axis shows the temperature when Tamra is liberated
- the vertical axis shows the number of fluorescent molecules analyzed using the FCS method.
- “Water / 0 nM” and “Water / 10 nM” indicate the results when the magnetic beads prepared from the sample solution having a target nucleic acid molecule of 0 nM or 10 nM are heated in water
- “1 mM NaOH / “0 nM” and “1 mM NaOH / 10 nM” are the results of heating the magnetic beads prepared from a sample solution with a target nucleic acid molecule of 0 nM or 10 mM in 1 mM NaOHH, respectively
- “10 mM NaOH / 0 nM” and “10 mM NaOH / “10 nM” indicates the results when the magnetic beads prepared from the sample solution having a target nucleic acid molecule of 0 nM or 10 nM were heated in 10 mM NaOH, respectively.
- the number of fluorescent molecules was hardly detected over the entire temperature range.
- higher concentration of NaOH releases more fluorescent dye, and treatment with 90 ° C than 70 ° C has more free fluorescent molecules. all right.
- the luminescent substance that is the first marker is released from the solid support, and is measured with high sensitivity by a fluorescence single molecule measurement method such as the FCS method. It turns out that is possible.
- Fluorescent molecules can be measured at a concentration of about 80 ° C. or higher, preferably 90 ° C. or higher to release the luminescent substance as the first marker from the solid phase carrier even in pure water.
- the first marker is released from the solid phase carrier by heating.
- the target nucleic acid molecule, the first nucleic acid probe, and the first nucleic acid molecule were synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the synthetic RNA having a base sequence homologous to let-7a was changed to a final concentration of 10 nM or 0 nM.
- a sample solution containing 2 nucleic acid probes was prepared, subjected to hybridization (association) after denaturation, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays to form covalent bonds.
- the sample solution was diluted 10-fold with x1 B & W buffer (0.5 M NaCl, 5 mM Tris), and the diluted sample solution with a total amount of 50 ⁇ L was added to magnetic beads as Dynabeads (Product name: Dynabeads MyOne Streptavidin, Invitron). 10 ⁇ L) was added and incubated at room temperature for 15 minutes. Thereafter, the magnetic beads were washed once each with x1 SSC, x0.1 SSC, and x0.01 SSC. After washing, 50 ⁇ L of x1 SSC, x1 TE (10 mM Tris, 1 mM EDTA), or pure water was added and kept at 90 ° C. for 30 minutes. After the magnetic beads were deposited on the side of the container at room temperature, the supernatant was removed. It measured by the fluorescence intensity distribution analysis method (FIDA method).
- FIDA method fluorescence intensity distribution analysis method
- FIG. 5 shows the measurement results by the FIDA method of the number of molecules of the fluorescent substance Tamra released from the magnetic beads recovered from each sample solution by heating.
- the horizontal axis represents the solution conditions during heating, and the vertical axis represents the number of fluorescent molecules analyzed using the FIDA method.
- “Heat” indicates the result when heated at 90 ° C.
- “RT” indicates the result when not heated.
- the number of fluorescent molecules was hardly detected under all solution conditions.
- fluorescent molecules could be detected under all conditions. From these results, it was found that the release of fluorescent molecules can be detected by heating at 90 ° C. preferably without using alkali treatment or the like.
- the target nucleic acid molecule present in the sample can be detected with high sensitivity and accuracy by the target nucleic acid detection method according to some embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the method for detecting a target nucleic acid according to some embodiments of the present invention can be used in fields such as biochemistry, molecular biology, and clinical examination that detect or quantitatively analyze a nucleic acid in a sample.
- SYMBOLS 1 Target nucleic acid molecule, 2 ... 1st nucleic acid probe, 2a ... Fluorescent substance, 2b ... CNV K, 3 ... 2nd nucleic acid probe, 3a ... Biotin, 3b ... CNV K, 4 ... Avidin bead.
Abstract
Description
本願は、2012年3月21日に、日本に出願された特願2012-063682号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(1)本発明の一態様における標的核酸分子の検出方法は、
(a)核酸含有試料と、発光物質である第1のマーカーが結合されており、かつ標的核酸分子と特異的にハイブリダイズする第1の核酸プローブと、第2のマーカーが結合されており、かつ標的核酸分子と、前記第1の核酸プローブがハイブリダイズする領域とは異なる領域で特異的にハイブリダイズする第2の核酸プローブと
を添加した試料溶液を調製する工程と、
(b)前記工程(a)において調製された試料溶液中の核酸分子を変性させる工程と、
(c)前記工程(b)の後、前記試料溶液中の核酸分子を会合させる工程と、
(d)前記工程(c)において形成された会合体のうち、前記標的核酸分子と前記第1の核酸プローブと前記第2の核酸プローブとからなる3者会合体において、前記標的核酸分子と前記第1の核酸プローブとの間に少なくとも1の共有結合を形成させると共に、前記標的核酸分子と前記第2の核酸プローブとの間に少なくとも1の共有結合を形成させる工程と、
(e)前記工程(d)の後、前記試料溶液中に、前記第2のマーカーと結合する部位を備える固相担体を添加し、前記3者会合体中の前記第2のマーカーを介して前記固相担体及び前記3者会合体を結合させた後、固液分離処理により、前記固相担体と結合した前記3者会合体を回収する工程と、
(f)前記工程(e)の後、回収された3者会合体から前記第1のマーカーを遊離させる工程と、
(g)前記工程(f)の後、遊離された第1のマーカーを検出することにより、前記標的核酸分子を検出する工程と、
を有する。
(2) 前記(1)の標的核酸分子の検出方法の前記工程(f)において、
(f1)前記標的核酸分子と前記第1の核酸プローブとの間、又は前記標的核酸分子と前記第2の核酸プローブとの間に共有結合が形成されていない場合には、前記3者会合体が脱会合する条件下で、前記3者会合体に300~380nmの紫外線を照射する、
(f2)前記3者会合体を核酸分解酵素により分解する、
(f3)前記3者会合体を80℃以上に加温する、又は
(f4)前記3者会合体をアルカリ条件下で50~100℃に加温する
ことにより、前記3者会合体から前記第1のマーカーを遊離させてもよい。
(3) 前記(2)の標的核酸分子の検出方法の前記(f1)において、前記3者会合体への紫外線照射を、前記第1の核酸プローブのTm値が25℃以下となる濃度の塩を含む溶液中で行ってもよい。
(4) 前記(1)~(3)のいずれか一つの標的核酸分子の検出方法において、共有結合の形成反応が、光反応性塩基誘導体を介した光化学的反応であってもよい。
(5) 前記(4)の標的核酸分子の検出方法において、前記第1の核酸プローブ中の前記標的核酸分子とハイブリダイズする領域中の少なくとも一塩基が、光反応性塩基誘導体に置換されており、
前記第2の核酸プローブ中の前記標的核酸分子とハイブリダイズする領域中の少なくとも一塩基が、光反応性塩基誘導体に置換されていてもよい。
(6) 前記(4)又は(5)の標的核酸分子の検出方法において、前記光反応性塩基誘導体が、3-Cyanovinylcarbazole Nucleosideであり、
前記共有結合が、前記試料溶液に340~380nmの光を照射することにより形成されてもよい。
(7) 前記(1)~(6)のいずれか一つの標的核酸分子の検出方法において、前記工程(f)の前に、
前記工程(e)において回収された前記固相担体と結合した前記3者会合体を、前記第1の核酸プローブのTm値が25℃以下となる塩濃度である洗浄用溶液で洗浄してもよい。
(8) 前記(1)~(7)のいずれか一つの標的核酸分子の検出方法の前記工程(g)において、前記第1のマーカーの検出を、蛍光1分子測定法を用いて行ってもよい。
(9) 前記(8)の標的核酸分子の検出方法の前記工程(g)において、前記第1のマーカーの検出を、
(p)蛍光相関分光法、又は蛍光強度分布解析法により、前記遊離された第1マーカーを含有する測定用溶液中に存在している第1マーカーの分子数を算出する工程、又は
(r)共焦点顕微鏡又は多光子顕微鏡の光学系を用いて、前記遊離された第1マーカーを含有する測定用溶液内において前記光学系の光検出領域の位置を移動させながら、当該光検出領域からの光を検出することにより、前記測定用溶液中に存在している第1マーカーの分子数を算出する工程、
により行ってもよい。
(10) 前記(1)~(9)のいずれか一つの標的核酸分子の検出方法において、前記工程(a)が、
(a’)前記核酸含有試料と、前記第1の核酸プローブと、前記第2の核酸プローブと、前記第2のマーカーと結合する部位を備える固相担体とを添加した試料溶液を調製する工程であり、
前記工程(e)が、
(e’)前記工程(d)の後、前記試料溶液を固液分離処理することにより、前記3者会合体を回収する工程であってもよい。
(11) 前記(10)の標的核酸分子の検出方法において、前記工程(a’)が、
(a”)前記核酸含有試料と、前記第1の核酸プローブと、固相担体と結合した状態の前記第2の核酸プローブとを添加した試料溶液を調製する工程
であってもよい。
(12) 本発明の他の態様は、前記(1)~(11)のいずれか一つの標的核酸分子の検出方法に用いられる標的核酸分子検出用キットであって、
発光物質である第1のマーカーが結合されており、かつ標的核酸分子と特異的にハイブリダイズする第1の核酸プローブと、
第2のマーカーが結合されており、かつ標的核酸分子と、前記第1の核酸プローブがハイブリダイズする領域とは異なる領域で特異的にハイブリダイズする第2の核酸プローブと
を含む。
(13) 前記(12)の標的核酸分子検出用キットにおいて、前記第1の核酸プローブ中の前記標的核酸分子とハイブリダイズする領域中の少なくとも一塩基が、光反応性塩基誘導体に置換されており、
前記第2の核酸プローブ中の前記標的核酸分子とハイブリダイズする領域中の少なくとも一塩基が、光反応性塩基誘導体に置換されていてもよい。
(14) 前記(12)又は(13)の標的核酸分子検出用キットにおいて、さらに、前記第2のマーカーと結合する部位を備える固相担体を含んでもよい。
(a)核酸含有試料と、発光物質である第1のマーカーが結合されており、かつ標的核酸分子と特異的にハイブリダイズする第1の核酸プローブと、第2のマーカーが結合されており、かつ標的核酸分子と、前記第1の核酸プローブがハイブリダイズする領域とは異なる領域で特異的にハイブリダイズする第2の核酸プローブとを添加した試料溶液を調製する工程と、
(b)前記工程(a)において調製された試料溶液中の核酸分子を変性させる工程と、
(c)前記工程(b)の後、前記試料溶液中の核酸分子を会合させる工程と、
(d)前記工程(c)において形成された会合体のうち、前記標的核酸分子と前記第1の核酸プローブと前記第2の核酸プローブとからなる3者会合体において、前記標的核酸分子と前記第1の核酸プローブとの間に少なくとも1の共有結合を形成させ、前記標的核酸分子と前記第2の核酸プローブとの間に少なくとも1の共有結合を形成させる工程と、
(e)前記工程(d)の後、前記試料溶液中に、前記第2のマーカーと結合する部位を備える固相担体を添加し、前記第3者会合体中の前記第2のマーカーを介して前記固相担体及び前記3者会合体を結合させた後、固液分離処理により、前記固相担体と結合した前記3者会合体を回収する工程と、
(f)前記工程(e)の後、回収された3者会合体から前記第1のマーカーを遊離させる工程と、
(g)前記工程(f)の後、遊離された第1のマーカーを検出することにより、前記標的核酸分子を検出する工程。
よって、特異的会合条件を揃えるように、第1の核酸プローブ及び第2の核酸プローブを設計することが好ましい。
例えば、汎用されているプライマー/プローブ設計ソフトウェア等を用いることにより、核酸プローブの塩基配列情報から、標的核酸分子と相補的な塩基配列を有する領域のTm値(2本鎖DNAの50%が1本鎖DNAに解離する温度)を算出することができる。温度がTm値近傍の値である条件、例えばTm値±3℃程度である条件を、特異的会合条件とすることができる。算出されたTm値近傍において実験的に融解曲線を求めることにより、より詳細に特異的会合条件を決定することもできる。
これらの化合物は、1種のみを添加してもよく、2種類以上を組み合わせて添加してもよい。これらの化合物を添加しておくことにより、比較的低い温度環境下において、非特異的なハイブリダイゼーションを起こりにくくすることができる。
なお、工程(d)における共有結合の形成は、工程(c)において形成された3者会合体を維持した状態で行うことが好ましい。例えば、工程(c)における3者会合体の形成を、試料溶液を3者会合体形成可能な温度にまで低下させることにより行った場合には、工程(d)における共有結合の形成は、試料溶液の温度を変更せずに行うことが好ましい。
例えば、第1の核酸プローブのTm値が非常に低くなるような塩濃度の溶媒で洗浄する。
中でも、第1の核酸プローブのTm値が、洗浄時の温度よりも低くなる塩濃度の溶媒で洗浄することが好ましい。塩濃度はプローブの塩基配列によって様々であるが、25℃程度の室温で洗浄することを考えると、第1の核酸プローブのTm値が、25℃以下となる塩濃度の溶媒を洗浄に用いることが好ましい。前記溶媒としては、具体的には、x0.01SSC(1.5mM NaCl、0.15mMのクエン酸ナトリウム溶液)あるいはこれ以下の塩濃度溶液等の、ハイブリダイゼーション法において洗浄等に用いられる低塩濃度溶液が挙げられる。前記溶媒としては、水等の塩を含まない溶媒であってもよい。ストリンジェンシーの高い溶液で洗浄することにより、非特異的な会合体形成を抑制し、遊離の第1の核酸プローブを効果的に除去することができる。本実施形態においては、標的核酸分子と第1の核酸プローブ及び第2の核酸プローブとを共有結合させているため、3者会合体を高いストリンジェンシーによる洗浄でも安定して維持することができる。
第1のマーカーを遊離させる方法は、3者会合体中の第1のマーカーを固相担体から分離させられる方法であれば特に限定されるものではない。
また、FCSにより、共焦点光学系における焦点領域に存在している分子の蛍光強度の揺らぎを検出した後、統計解析を行うことによって、遊離した第1のマーカーの分子数を算出することにより、標的核酸分子を検出し定量することができる。
例えば、第1の核酸プローブと標的核酸分子との会合体のTm値を、前記洗浄処理に用いる洗浄液の温度よりも低くする、好ましくは10℃以上低くし、かつ第2の核酸プローブと標的核酸分子との会合体のTm値を当該洗浄液の温度以上にする、好ましくは10℃以上高くすることにより、前記洗浄処理によって、遊離の第1の核酸プローブを洗浄除去することができる。
本実施形態の標的核酸分子の検出方法に用いられる、第1の核酸プローブ及び第2の核酸プローブをはじめとする各種試薬や機器等をキット化することも好ましい。前記キットにより、本実施形態の標的核酸分子の検出方法をより簡便に行うことができる。前記キットには、前記の核酸プローブの他に、第2のマーカーと結合する部位を備える固相担体、試料溶液を調製するために用いられる各種バッファー、共有結合により安定化させた後の3者会合体を洗浄するための洗浄液、恒温装置付インキュベーター等を含ませることができる。
ヒトのマイクロRNAであるlet-7a(hsa-let-7a、5’-UGAGGUAGUAGGUUGUAUAGUU-3’)(配列番号1)と相同な配列をもつ1本鎖RNAを標的核酸分子として、本発明の一態様である標的核酸分子の検出方法により、未標識の標的核酸分子を検出した。
第1の核酸プローブとして、let-7aの5’末端から9番目の塩基までの領域に相補的な塩基配列を有し、かつlet-7aの5’末端から5番目の塩基と相補的な塩基をクロスリンクする塩基誘導体としてCNVKに置換し、さらに3’末端に第1のマーカーとして蛍光物質Tamraを結合させた核酸プローブ(7a right tamra-1、5’-ACTAKCTCA-3’)を用いた。また、第2の核酸プローブとして、let-7aの3’末端から13番目の塩基までの領域に相補的な塩基配列を3’末端側に有し、かつlet-7aの3’末端から6番目の塩基と相補的な塩基をクロスリンクする塩基誘導体としてCNVKに置換し、さらに第2のマーカーとして5’末端側に10塩基のチミジン及びビオチンを付加した核酸プローブ(B-7aL1、5’-TTTTTTTTTTAACTAKACAACCT-3’)を用いた。各塩基配列中、「K」がCNVKを意味する。また、各プローブのCNVKに置換する前の塩基配列を配列番号2及び3に示す。なお、第1の核酸プローブ及び第2の核酸プローブは、株式会社ファスマックにより合成された。
各試料溶液を、70℃で2分間変性させた後、10℃まで1℃/15秒で温度を下げることによりハイブリダイゼーション(会合)を行った。その後、前記試料溶液に対して氷中にて365nmの光照射を行った。各試料溶液に磁気ビーズとしてダイナビーズ(製品名:Dynabeads MyOne Streptavidin、Invitron社製)を10μL添加し、15分間室温でインキュベートした。その後、磁気ビーズを、×1SSC、×0.1SSC、及び×0.01SSCでそれぞれ1回ずつ洗浄した。洗浄後、10Units/20μLのS1nuclease溶液(タカラバイオ社製)を20μLずつ添加し、23℃で10分間反応させた。反応溶液に30μLのTEバッファーを添加した後、磁気ビーズを容器側面に沈着させた後に上清を回収し、Tamraの励起波長を照射して、当該上清を蛍光強度分布解析法(FIDA法)により測定した。
本発明の他の態様における標的核酸分子の検出方法において、第1のマーカーの固相担体からの遊離を、核酸分解酵素反応又は低塩濃度条件下での紫外線照射によって行った。
まず、標的核酸分子としてlet-7aと相同的な塩基配列からなる合成RNAを最終濃度で10nM又は0nMとした以外は実施例1と同様にして、標的核酸分子、第1の核酸プローブ、及び第2の核酸プローブを含む試料溶液を調製し、変性後ハイブリダイゼーション(会合)を行った後、紫外線照射して共有結合を形成させた。各試料溶液に磁気ビーズとしてダイナビーズ(製品名:Dynabeads MyOne Streptavidin、Invitron 社製)を10μL添加し、15分間室温でインキュベートした。その後、磁気ビーズを、×1SSC、×0.1SSC、及び×0.01SSCでそれぞれ1回ずつ洗浄した。
洗浄後、×0.1SSC、×0.01SSC、又は純水を50μL添加し、50℃にて1分間加温後、その状態で10秒間365nmの紫外線を照射した。磁気ビーズを容器側面に沈着させた後に上清を回収し、Tamraの励起波長を照射して、前記上清を蛍光相関分光法(FCS法)により測定した。
また、同様にして3者会合体を結合させた磁気ビーズを、×1SSC、×0.1SSC、及び×0.01SSCでそれぞれ1回ずつ洗浄した後、実施例1と同様にしてS1nuclease溶液(タカラバイオ社製)を添加して反応させ、得られた反応溶液に30μLのTEバッファーを添加した後、磁気ビーズを容器側面に沈着させた後に上清を回収し、Tamraの励起波長を照射して、前記上清を蛍光強度分布解析法(FIDA法)により測定した。
また、対照として、標的核酸分子を試料溶液に添加しなかった以外は同様にして、洗浄後の磁気ビーズに実施例1と同様にしてS1nuclease溶液(タカラバイオ社製)を添加して反応させ、得られた反応溶液に30μLのTEバッファーを添加した後、磁気ビーズを容器側面に沈着させた後に上清を回収し、Tamraの励起波長を照射して、前記上清を蛍光相関分光法(FCS法)により測定した。
本発明のさらに他の態様における標的核酸分子の検出方法において、第1のマーカーの固相担体からの遊離を、アルカリ条件下における加温、又は低塩濃度条件下における加温によって行った。
まず、標的核酸分子としてlet-7aと相同的な塩基配列からなる合成RNAを最終濃度で10nM又は0nMとした以外は実施例1と同様にして、標的核酸分子、第1の核酸プローブ、及び第2の核酸プローブを含む試料溶液を調製し、変性後ハイブリダイゼーション(会合)を行った後、紫外線照射して共有結合を形成させた。各試料溶液に磁気ビーズとしてダイナビーズ(製品名:Dynabeads MyOne Streptavidin、Invitron 社製)を10μL添加し、15分間室温でインキュベートした。その後、磁気ビーズを、×1SSC、×0.1SSC、及び×0.01SSCでそれぞれ1回ずつ洗浄した。
洗浄後、10mM NaOH、1mM NaOH、又は純水を50μLずつ添加し、70℃、80℃、又は90℃にて30分間保温した後、その状態で10秒間365nmの紫外線を照射した。磁気ビーズを容器底面に沈着させた後、Tamraの励起波長を照射して、上清を蛍光相関分光法(FCS法)により測定した。
一方、磁気ビーズを純水中で加温した場合には、70℃ではほとんど蛍光分子(Tamra)は検出されなかったが、80℃以上でTamraの遊離が計測され、90℃ではアルカリ処理と同程度の濃度で蛍光分子を計測できており、80℃以上、好ましくは90℃以上に加温することにより、純水中であっても第1のマーカーである発光物質を固相担体から遊離させられることがわかった。
本発明のさらに他の態様における標的核酸分子の検出方法において、第1のマーカーの固相担体からの遊離を、加温によって行った。
まず、標的核酸分子としてlet-7aと相同的な塩基配列からなる合成RNAを最終濃度で10nM又は0nMとした以外は実施例1と同様にして、標的核酸分子、第1の核酸プローブ、及び第2の核酸プローブを含む試料溶液を調製し、変性後ハイブリダイゼーション(会合)を行った後、紫外線照射して共有結合を形成させた。当該試料溶液を×1B&W緩衝液(0.5M NaCl、5mM Tris)にて10倍希釈し、総量を50μLとした希釈済みの試料溶液に、磁気ビーズとしてダイナビーズ(製品名:Dynabeads MyOne Streptavidin、Invitron 社製)を10μL添加し、15分間室温でインキュベートした。その後、磁気ビーズを、×1SSC、×0.1SSC、及び×0.01SSCでそれぞれ1回ずつ洗浄した。
洗浄後、×1SSC、×1TE(10mM Tris、1mM EDTA)、又は純水を50μL添加し、90℃にて30分間保温した後、室温で磁気ビーズを容器側面に沈着させた後、上清を蛍光強度分布解析法(FIDA法)により測定した。
これらの結果から、アルカリ処理等を用いることなく、好ましくは90℃で加温することによっても、蛍光分子の遊離検出が可能なことがわかった。
Claims (14)
- (a)核酸含有試料と、発光物質である第1のマーカーが結合されており、かつ標的核酸分子と特異的にハイブリダイズする第1の核酸プローブと、第2のマーカーが結合されており、かつ標的核酸分子と、前記第1の核酸プローブがハイブリダイズする領域とは異なる領域で特異的にハイブリダイズする第2の核酸プローブと
を添加した試料溶液を調製する工程と、
(b)前記工程(a)において調製された前記試料溶液中の核酸分子を変性させる工程と、
(c)前記工程(b)の後、前記試料溶液中の核酸分子を会合させる工程と、
(d)前記工程(c)において形成された会合体のうち、前記標的核酸分子と前記第1の核酸プローブと前記第2の核酸プローブとからなる3者会合体において、前記標的核酸分子と前記第1の核酸プローブとの間に少なくとも1の共有結合を形成させると共に、前記標的核酸分子と前記第2の核酸プローブとの間に少なくとも1の共有結合を形成させる工程と、
(e)前記工程(d)の後、前記試料溶液中に、前記第2のマーカーと結合する部位を備える固相担体を添加し、前記3者会合体中の前記第2のマーカーを介して前記固相担体及び前記3者会合体を結合させた後、固液分離処理により、前記固相担体と結合した前記3者会合体を回収する工程と、
(f)前記工程(e)の後、回収された3者会合体から前記第1のマーカーを遊離させる工程と、
(g)前記工程(f)の後、遊離された第1のマーカーを検出することにより、前記標的核酸分子を検出する工程と、
を有する標的核酸分子の検出方法。 - 前記工程(f)において、
(f1)前記標的核酸分子と前記第1の核酸プローブとの間、又は前記標的核酸分子と前記第2の核酸プローブとの間に共有結合が形成されていない場合には、前記3者会合体が脱会合する条件下で、前記3者会合体に300nm~380nmの紫外線を照射する、
(f2)前記3者会合体を核酸分解酵素により分解する、
(f3)前記3者会合体を80℃以上に加温する、又は
(f4)前記3者会合体をアルカリ条件下で50℃~100℃に加温する
ことにより、前記3者会合体から前記第1のマーカーを遊離させる請求項1に記載の標的核酸分子の検出方法。 - 前記(f1)において、前記3者会合体への紫外線照射を、前記第1の核酸プローブのTm値が25℃以下となる濃度の塩を含む溶液中で行う請求項2に記載の標的核酸分子の検出方法。
- 共有結合の形成反応が、光反応性塩基誘導体を介した光化学的反応である請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の標的核酸分子の検出方法。
- 前記第1の核酸プローブ中の前記標的核酸分子とハイブリダイズする領域中の少なくとも一塩基が、光反応性塩基誘導体に置換されており、
前記第2の核酸プローブ中の前記標的核酸分子とハイブリダイズする領域中の少なくとも一塩基が、光反応性塩基誘導体に置換されている請求項4に記載の標的核酸分子の検出方法。 - 前記光反応性塩基誘導体が、3-Cyanovinylcarbazole Nucleosideであり、
前記共有結合が、前記試料溶液に340nm~380nmの光を照射することにより形成される請求項4又は5に記載の標的核酸分子の検出方法。 - 前記工程(f)の前に、
前記工程(e)において回収された前記固相担体と結合した前記3者会合体を、前記第1の核酸プローブのTm値が25℃以下となる塩濃度である洗浄用溶液で洗浄する請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の標的核酸分子の検出方法。 - 前記工程(g)において、前記第1のマーカーの検出を、蛍光1分子測定法を用いて行う請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の標的核酸分子の検出方法。
- 前記工程(g)において、前記第1のマーカーの検出を、
(p)蛍光相関分光法、又は蛍光強度分布解析法により、前記遊離された第1マーカーを含有する測定用溶液中に存在している第1マーカーの分子数を算出する工程、又は
(r)共焦点顕微鏡又は多光子顕微鏡の光学系を用いて、前記遊離された第1マーカーを含有する測定用溶液内において前記光学系の光検出領域の位置を移動させながら、当該光検出領域からの光を検出することにより、前記測定用溶液中に存在している第1マーカーの分子数を算出する工程、
により行う請求項8に記載の標的核酸分子の検出方法。 - 前記工程(a)が、
(a’)前記核酸含有試料と、前記第1の核酸プローブと、前記第2の核酸プローブと、前記第2のマーカーと結合する部位を備える固相担体とを添加した試料溶液を調製する工程
であり、前記工程(e)が、
(e’)前記工程(d)の後、前記試料溶液を固液分離処理することにより、前記3者会合体を回収する工程
である請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の標的核酸分子の検出方法。 - 前記工程(a’)が、
(a”)前記核酸含有試料と、前記第1の核酸プローブと、固相担体と結合した状態の前記第2の核酸プローブとを添加した試料溶液を調製する工程
である請求項10に記載の標的核酸分子の検出方法。 - 請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の標的核酸分子の検出方法に用いられるキットであって、
発光物質である第1のマーカーが結合されており、かつ標的核酸分子と特異的にハイブリダイズする第1の核酸プローブと、
第2のマーカーが結合されており、かつ標的核酸分子と、前記第1の核酸プローブがハイブリダイズする領域とは異なる領域で特異的にハイブリダイズする第2の核酸プローブと
を含む標的核酸分子検出用キット。 - 前記第1の核酸プローブ中の前記標的核酸分子とハイブリダイズする領域中の少なくとも一塩基が、光反応性塩基誘導体に置換されており、
前記第2の核酸プローブ中の前記標的核酸分子とハイブリダイズする領域中の少なくとも一塩基が、光反応性塩基誘導体に置換されている請求項12に記載の標的核酸分子検出用キット。 - さらに、前記第2のマーカーと結合する部位を備える固相担体を含む請求項12又は13に記載の標的核酸分子検出用キット。
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US20150004607A1 (en) | 2015-01-01 |
EP2829614A1 (en) | 2015-01-28 |
US9771612B2 (en) | 2017-09-26 |
EP2829614A4 (en) | 2016-03-16 |
JP6095645B2 (ja) | 2017-03-15 |
JPWO2013140890A1 (ja) | 2015-08-03 |
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