WO2013127293A1 - 用于制备神经干细胞的培养基及其用途 - Google Patents

用于制备神经干细胞的培养基及其用途 Download PDF

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WO2013127293A1
WO2013127293A1 PCT/CN2013/071468 CN2013071468W WO2013127293A1 WO 2013127293 A1 WO2013127293 A1 WO 2013127293A1 CN 2013071468 W CN2013071468 W CN 2013071468W WO 2013127293 A1 WO2013127293 A1 WO 2013127293A1
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neural stem
inhibitor
cells
cell
stem cell
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PCT/CN2013/071468
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English (en)
French (fr)
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潘光锦
裴端卿
王丽辉
王淋立
薛燕婷
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中国科学院广州生物医药与健康研究院
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Priority to CA2865817A priority Critical patent/CA2865817C/en
Priority to US14/382,188 priority patent/US10011819B2/en
Priority to JP2014559070A priority patent/JP6080871B2/ja
Priority to KR1020147026996A priority patent/KR101686722B1/ko
Priority to EP13754150.4A priority patent/EP2821481B1/en
Priority to ES13754150.4T priority patent/ES2628941T3/es
Publication of WO2013127293A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013127293A1/zh

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Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of biomedicine.
  • the invention relates to a medium for the preparation of neural stem cells and uses thereof. Background technique
  • Stem cells are the initial source of the human body and its various tissue cells. Its most prominent biological characteristics are its ability to self-renew and proliferate, as well as the potential for multi-directional differentiation. Stem cells are classified into somatic stem cells and embryonic stem cells (ES cells) according to different sources.
  • ES cells embryonic stem cells
  • Adult stem cells include neural stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and the like. At present, in addition to the research on hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells, the research on neural stem cells is also deeper.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a means for efficiently preparing neural stem cells.
  • the invention proposes a medium for the preparation of neural stem cells.
  • the medium for preparing a neural stem cell comprises: a basal medium suitable for stem cell growth; and a cell signaling pathway inhibitor selected from the group consisting of GSK At least one of an inhibitor, a MEK inhibitor, a TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, a ROCK inhibitor, and a BMP inhibitor.
  • GSK GSK At least one of an inhibitor, a MEK inhibitor, a TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, a ROCK inhibitor, and a BMP inhibitor.
  • the inventors have found that by culturing somatic cells using the medium, particularly the somatic cells expressing the transcriptional regulatory factors, the somatic cells can be effectively transdifferentiated into neural stem cells (also sometimes referred to as "inducing" herein. God By stem cells”), and the time is greatly shortened.
  • the present invention provides a kit for preparing a neural stem cell.
  • the kit comprises a cell signaling pathway inhibitor, wherein the cell signaling pathway inhibitor is at least selected from the group consisting of a GSK inhibitor, a MEK inhibitor, a TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, a ROCK inhibitor, and a BMP inhibitor.
  • the cell signaling pathway inhibitor is at least selected from the group consisting of a GSK inhibitor, a MEK inhibitor, a TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, a ROCK inhibitor, and a BMP inhibitor.
  • the present invention provides a kit for preparing a neural stem cell, the kit comprising the aforementioned medium.
  • the inventors have found that by culturing somatic cells, particularly somatic cells expressing a transcriptional regulatory factor, by using the kit, it is possible to effectively transdifferentiate somatic cells into neural stem cells, and the time is greatly shortened.
  • the present invention proposes the use of the aforementioned kit for the preparation of neural stem cells.
  • the kit according to the embodiment of the present invention it is possible to efficiently culture somatic cells, particularly somatic cells expressing a transcriptional regulatory factor, and to efficiently transdifferentiate somatic cells into neural stem cells, and the time is greatly shortened.
  • the invention proposes the use of a medium as hereinbefore described in the preparation of neural stem cells.
  • the somatic cells particularly the somatic cells expressing the transcriptional regulatory factor, can be efficiently cultured in vitro, and the somatic cells can be efficiently transdifferentiated into neural stem cells, and the time is greatly shortened.
  • the present invention provides a method of preparing a neural stem cell.
  • the method comprises the steps of: culturing a somatic cell carrying a nucleic acid encoding at least one multifunctional stem cell factor selected from the group consisting of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and miR302, using the medium described above a sequence to induce transdifferentiation of said somatic cells into neural stem cells.
  • the inventors have found that by culturing a somatic cell carrying a nucleic acid sequence encoding a specific transcription factor, that is, a versatile stem cell factor, by using a medium according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to effectively transdifferentiate somatic cells into neural stem cells, and the time can be Greatly shortened.
  • the present invention also provides a neural stem cell or a derivative thereof.
  • the neural stem cells are obtained according to the method described above.
  • a neural stem cell or a derivative thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention can efficiently differentiate into a neural cell under appropriate conditions.
  • the present invention provides the use of the aforementioned neural stem cell or a derivative thereof for the preparation of a medicament for treating a disease caused by nerve cell damage. Since the neural stem cells or derivatives thereof according to the embodiments of the present invention can efficiently differentiate into nerve cells under appropriate conditions, the neural stem cells or derivatives thereof can be further made into a drug, thereby treating the damage caused by nerve cells. The disease.
  • the present invention provides a method of treating a disease caused by nerve cell damage.
  • the method comprises: introducing a neural stem cell or a derivative thereof as described above into a patient.
  • the neural stem cells or derivatives thereof can be effectively differentiated into nerve cells in the patient, so that the body damage caused by the nerve cell damage can be further compensated.
  • the invention provides a method of preparing a neural cell.
  • the method comprises culturing the neural stem cells described above under conditions suitable for differentiation.
  • neural stem cells can be effectively differentiated into nerve cells, thereby efficiently preparing nerve cells.
  • the present invention provides a system for preparing a neural stem cell.
  • the system comprises: a separating device for separating human urine exfoliated cells from human urine; a converting device, the converting device being connected to the separating device, and being provided with carrying a vector encoding a nucleic acid sequence of at least one multifunctional stem cell factor selected from the group consisting of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and imR302 for transforming said human urine exfoliated cells; and a transdifferentiation device, said transdifferentiation device and said transformation
  • the devices are connected and provided with a medium as described above for transdifferentiating the transformed human urine exfoliated cells to induce transdifferentiation of the transformed human urine exfoliated cells into sacral stem cells.
  • the present invention provides a method of screening for a compound which induces differentiation of neural stem cells.
  • the method comprises the steps of: contacting the neural stem cells described above with a candidate compound; and detecting pluripotency of the neural stem cells before and after contacting the candidate compound; wherein, based on contacting the candidate compound, Whether the pluripotency of the neural stem cells is decreased, and whether the candidate compound has an activity of inducing differentiation of neural stem cells is judged.
  • the present invention provides a method of treating a neurodegenerative disease and a neurological injury disease.
  • the method comprises the steps of: isolating a somatic cell of a patient; preparing a neural stem cell based on the somatic cell according to the method for preparing a neural stem cell as described above; introducing the neural stem cell into the patient .
  • the prepared neural stem cells can be efficiently introduced into a patient, and the neural stem cells can be effectively differentiated into nerve cells in the patient body, and further, the nerve regression can be compensated for And physical damage caused by nerve cell damage, thereby being able to treat neurodegenerative diseases and nerve damage diseases.
  • the invention proposes a method of identifying whether a formulation has an effect on the nervous system.
  • the method comprises the steps of: contacting the preparation with a neural stem cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; and detecting a neural stem cell before and after the contact, wherein the determination is based on a change in behavior of the neural stem cell Whether the formulation has an effect on the nervous system.
  • This method can effectively identify whether the preparation has an effect on the nervous system.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart showing a method of preparing neural stem cells according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a system for preparing a neural stem cell according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing a method for treating a neurodegenerative disease and a nerve damage disease according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 shows a morphology diagram of cells at various stages in the induction of induced neural stem cells in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 shows the results of immunofluorescence and Real-Time PCR methods for identifying neural stem cell marker gene expression levels of induced neural stem cells according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a graph showing the results of immunofluorescence detection of markers of different types of neurons and glial glial cells in an in vitro fraction of induced neural stem cells according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed description of the invention
  • the invention provides a medium for the preparation of neural stem cells.
  • the medium for preparing neural stem cells may include: a basal medium suitable for stem cell growth; and a cell signaling pathway inhibitor selected from the group consisting of GSK inhibition At least one of a agent, a MEK inhibitor, a TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, a ROCK inhibitor, and a BMP inhibitor.
  • the type of the basal medium is not particularly limited.
  • the basal medium is mTeSRl (available from Stem Cell Corporation).
  • the specific type of the inhibitor of each cell signal pathway is also not particularly limited.
  • the cell signaling pathway inhibitor may be a combination of the GSK inhibitor CHIR99021, the MEK inhibitor PD0325901, the TGF- ⁇ inhibitor A83-01, the ROCK inhibitor thiazovivin, and the BMP inhibitor DMH1. These inhibitors are all commercially available, and thus, the efficiency of transdifferentiating somatic cells into neural stem cells can be improved.
  • the concentration of each inhibitor in the medium for preparing nerve stem cells is not particularly limited.
  • the medium may contain: a GSK inhibitor CHIR99021 at a concentration of 0.3 ⁇ -30 ⁇ ; a guanidine inhibitor PD0325901 at a concentration of ⁇ - ⁇ ; and a TGF- ⁇ at a concentration of 50 ⁇ -5 ⁇ .
  • the medium may contain: a GSK inhibitor CHI 99021 at a concentration of 3 ⁇ ; a guanidine inhibitor PD0325901 at a concentration of ⁇ ; and a TGF- ⁇ inhibition at a concentration of 0.5 ⁇ according to the weight percentage.
  • the present invention provides a kit for preparing a neural stem cell.
  • the kit comprises a cell signaling pathway inhibitor, the cell signaling pathway inhibitor being selected from the group consisting of GSK inhibitors! At least one of a MEK inhibitor, a TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, a ROCK inhibitor, and a BMP inhibitor.
  • GSK inhibitors At least one of a MEK inhibitor, a TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, a ROCK inhibitor, and a BMP inhibitor.
  • the inventors have found that by culturing somatic cells using the kit, in particular, culturing somatic cells expressing a transcriptional regulatory factor, the somatic cells can be efficiently transdifferentiated into neural stem cells, and the time is greatly shortened.
  • the specific type of the inhibitor of each cell signaling pathway is not particularly limited.
  • the cell signaling pathway inhibitor may be a combination of a GSK inhibitor CHIR99021, a MEK inhibitor PD0325901, a TGF- ⁇ inhibitor A83-01, a ROCK inhibitor thiazovivin, and a BMP inhibitor DMH1.
  • These inhibitors are all commercially available, and thus, the efficiency of transdifferentiating somatic cells into neural stem cells can be further improved.
  • the concentration of each inhibitor in the medium for preparing the sputum-derived stem cells is not particularly limited.
  • the GSK inhibitor CHI 9902 MEK inhibitor PD032590 TGF- ⁇ inhibitor ⁇ 83-0 ROCK inhibitor thiazovivin and BMP inhibitor DMH1 are respectively disposed in different containers.
  • the kit can be conveniently used for transdifferentiation of somatic cells.
  • the kit may further comprise a basal medium, wherein the basal medium is mTeSRl (commercially available from Stem Cell).
  • the form of the presence of the cell signaling pathway inhibitor is not particularly limited.
  • the cell signaling pathway inhibitor in the kit, can be dissolved in the basal medium.
  • the somatic cells can be transdifferentiated conveniently using the kit.
  • the cell signaling pathway inhibitor dissolved in the basal medium may be: a GSK inhibitor CHIR99021 at a concentration of 3 ⁇ , and a ⁇ inhibitor PD0325901 at a concentration of ⁇ .
  • the present invention provides a kit for preparing a neural stem cell, which comprises the aforementioned medium for preparing a neural stem cell.
  • the inventors have found that by culturing somatic cells using the kit, particularly the somatic cells expressing the transcriptional regulatory factors, the somatic cells can be effectively transdifferentiated into neural stem cells, and the time is greatly shortened.
  • the medium for preparing neural stem cells the foregoing has been described in detail and will not be described again.
  • the invention proposes the use of the kit as described above for the preparation of neural stem cells.
  • the kit according to the embodiment of the present invention it is possible to efficiently culture somatic cells, in particular, to culture a somatic cell expressing a transcriptional regulatory factor, which can effectively transdifferentiate somatic cells into neural stem cells, and the time is greatly shortened.
  • the foregoing has been described in detail, and will not be described herein.
  • the invention provides the use of a medium as hereinbefore described in the preparation of neural stem cells.
  • the somatic cells particularly the somatic cells expressing the transcriptional regulatory factor, can be efficiently cultured in vitro, and the somatic cells can be efficiently transdifferentiated into neural stem cells, and the time is greatly shortened.
  • the medium for preparing the neural stem cells the foregoing has been described in detail and will not be described again.
  • the present invention provides a method of preparing a neural stem cell.
  • the method may comprise the steps of: culturing a somatic cell carrying a medium encoding at least one selected from the group consisting of Oct4, Sox2, lf4, and miR302 using the medium for preparing neural stem cells as described above Multifunctional stem cell A nucleic acid sequence to induce somatic cell transdifferentiation into neural stem cells.
  • the inventors have found that by culturing a somatic cell carrying a nucleic acid sequence encoding a specific transcription factor, that is, a versatile stem cell factor, by using a medium according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to effectively transdifferentiate somatic cells into neural stem cells, and the time can be Greatly shortened.
  • the type of somatic cells is not particularly limited.
  • the somatic cells may be human urine exfoliated cells.
  • a somatic cell carrying a nucleic acid sequence encoding at least one multifunctional stem cell factor selected from the group consisting of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and miR302 may also be passed through a somatic cell that does not carry the multifunctional stem cell factor Obtained by biological treatment.
  • a somatic cell carrying a nucleic acid sequence encoding at least one multifunctional stem cell factor selected from the group consisting of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and miR302 can be obtained by the following steps:
  • human urine is centrifuged to obtain a precipitate.
  • the precipitate is cultured using a urine medium to obtain primary human urine exfoliated cells.
  • the primary human urine exfoliated cells are transformed with a vector carrying a nucleic acid sequence encoding at least one multifunctional stem cell factor selected from Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and miR302 to obtain somatic cells.
  • the vector carries a nucleic acid sequence encoding Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and miR302.
  • the vectors are different plasmids carrying nucleic acid sequences encoding Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and miR302, respectively.
  • primary human urine exfoliated cells are transformed using electrical transduction.
  • the neural stem cells After the neural stem cells are obtained, the neural stem cells can be further expanded and cultured.
  • the method for performing expansion culture of neural stem cells is not particularly limited.
  • the method for preparing a neural stem cell of the present invention may further comprise the following steps to effect expansion of neural stem cells. Increase:
  • the neural stem cells are cultured in an adherent manner using a basal medium.
  • the basic medium can be mTeSRl
  • the adherent cultured neural stem cells are cultured in a neural stem cell culture medium containing 1% N2 supplement 1% non-essential amino acid, 0.1% heparin, 20 ng/ml basic fibroblast growth factor. And 20 ng/ml epidermal growth factor in DMEM/F12 medium.
  • the present invention also provides a neural stem cell or a derivative thereof.
  • the neural stem cells are obtained according to the method described above.
  • the neural stem cells or derivatives thereof according to the embodiments of the present invention are capable of efficiently differentiating into nerve cells under appropriate conditions.
  • the present invention provides the use of the aforementioned neural stem cell or a derivative thereof for the preparation of a medicament for treating a disease caused by nerve cell damage. Since the neural stem cells or derivatives thereof according to the embodiment of the present invention can efficiently differentiate into nerve cells under appropriate conditions, the neural stem cells or derivatives thereof can be further made into a drug, thereby treating nerve cell damage. The disease caused.
  • the present invention provides a method of treating a disease caused by nerve cell damage.
  • the method may comprise: introducing a neural stem cell or a derivative thereof as described above into a patient.
  • the neural stem cells or derivatives thereof can It effectively differentiates into nerve cells in the patient's body, so that it can make up for the physical damage caused by nerve cell damage.
  • the invention provides a method of preparing a neural cell.
  • the method comprises culturing the neural stem cells described above under conditions suitable for differentiation.
  • neural stem cells can be effectively differentiated into nerve cells, thereby efficiently preparing nerve cells.
  • the method of performing differentiation culture of neural stem cells is not particularly limited.
  • DMEM containing 1% N2 supplement, 1% non-essential amino acid, 0.1% heparin, and neurotrophic factors BDNF, GDNF, CNTF and IGF at a concentration of 10 ng/mL may be utilized.
  • F12 medium, neural stem cells are cultured to obtain different types of neurons and glial glial cells.
  • the present invention provides a system for preparing a neural stem cell.
  • the system 1000 can include: a separation device 100, a conversion device 200, and a transdifferentiation device 300.
  • the separating device 100 is for separating human urine exfoliated cells from human urine.
  • the transformation device 200 is coupled to the separation device 100 and is provided with a vector carrying a nucleic acid sequence encoding at least one multifunctional stem cell factor selected from the group consisting of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and miR302 for receiving human urine exfoliated cells from the separation device 100 and Transform it.
  • the transdifferentiation device 300 is coupled to the transformation device 200 and is provided with the aforementioned medium for preparing neural stem cells for receiving the transformed human urine exfoliated cells from the transformation device 200 and transdifferentiating them for induction.
  • the transformed human urine exfoliated cells are transdifferentiated into neural stem cells.
  • the present invention provides a method of screening for a compound which induces differentiation of neural stem cells.
  • the method may comprise the steps of: contacting the neural stem cells described above with a candidate compound; and detecting pluripotency of the neural stem cells before and after contacting the candidate compound; wherein, based on contacting the candidate compound, the neural stem cells are Whether or not the pluripotency is lowered, it is judged whether or not the candidate compound has an activity of inducing differentiation of neural stem cells.
  • the present invention provides a method of treating a neurodegenerative disease and a neurological injury disease.
  • the method may include the following steps:
  • the patient's somatic cells are separated.
  • neural stem cells are prepared based on the obtained somatic cells according to the method for preparing neural stem cells as described above.
  • the obtained neural stem cells are then introduced into the patient.
  • the prepared neural stem cells can be efficiently introduced into a patient, and the neural stem cells can be effectively differentiated into nerve cells in the patient body, and further, the nerve regression can be compensated for And physical damage caused by nerve cell damage, thereby being able to treat neurodegenerative diseases and nerve damage diseases.
  • the invention proposes a method of identifying whether a formulation has an effect on the nervous system.
  • the method may comprise the steps of: contacting a preparation with a neural stem cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; and detecting a neural stem cell before and after the contact, wherein the formulation is determined based on a change in behavior of the neural stem cell Whether the nervous system has an effect.
  • This method can effectively identify whether the preparation has a shadow on the nervous system. ring.
  • the medium for preparing neural stem cells of the present invention and its use are accomplished by the inventors of the present application through laborious and laborious work and optimized work. Also, the features described in the various aspects of the present invention may be referred to each other, and will not be described again for the sake of convenience. The solution of the present invention will be explained below in conjunction with the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. Where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated in the examples, they are carried out according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or in accordance with the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not specified by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products that are commercially available.
  • the above collected cells were plated in a 60 mm culture dish (or a six-well plate) which had been pre-coated with 0.1% gelatin (Gelatin), and supplemented with 1 ml of urine cell culture medium, wherein, urine
  • the liquid cell culture medium was prepared by using 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, PAA), double-resistance DMEM (Dulbcco's Modifed Eagle Medium) medium (HyClone) and SingleQuot Kit CC-4127 REGM medium (Lonza Corporation). 1 : 1 obtained by mixing;
  • the cultured dish inoculated with cells was cultured at 37 ° C in a 5% CO 2 incubator for 3 days;
  • the primary human urine exfoliated cells are harvested and frozen in liquid nitrogen with a cryopreservation solution (90% FBS + 10% DMSO) for use.
  • iNSC induced neural stem cells
  • the induction test of iNSC includes cell preparation, plasmid electroporation, cell seeding induction, cell cloning, iNSC amplification, etc.
  • the specific steps are as follows: (1) resuscitating the frozen primary human urine exfoliated cells and inoculation in a 10 cm dish (or a six-well plate);
  • plasmid transformation system add 82 ⁇ Basic Nucleofector® Solution for Mammalian Epithelial Cells and 18 ⁇ l supplement l (Lonza) to the above-mentioned electric rotor, then add 5 ⁇ g of the plasmid and mix well to obtain a plasmid transformation system, wherein the plasmid comprises pCEP4-02SET2K (3 g) and pCEP4-mi-302 (2 g);
  • the cells After one week of suspension growth in the culture flask, the cells can form a neurosphere with clear boundaries (the neurospheres at this time are defined as P1 neurospheres). Thereafter, the medium is changed every 2-3 days, and the amount of replacement is changed. Half of the original medium;
  • the cells are grown for 7-14 days (the size of the optic nerve sphere), the cells are placed in a culture flask for 7-14 days from the start of culture of the neural stem cell medium, and passaged to a diameter of more than 300 ⁇ m.
  • the neurospheres were transferred to a 15 ml centrifuge tube. After the neurospheres were naturally sedimented or centrifuged (50 g, l-2 min), the supernatant was aspirated, and 1 ml of Accutase was added to the centrifuge tube to digest it at 37 °C.
  • neural stem cell culture medium Adding neural stem cell culture medium to the above centrifuge tube (wherein the neural stem cell culture medium contains 1% N2 supplement (Gibco), 1% non-essential amino acid ( ⁇ , Gibco), 0.1% heparin (Heparin, Sigma) 20ng /ml basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, Invitrogen) and 20 ng / ml epidermal growth factor (EGF, R & D Systems) DMEM / F12 medium) to the reaction system volume of 10ml, and then centrifuged 5g 200g;
  • N2 supplement Gibco
  • bFGF basic fibroblast growth factor
  • EGF epidermal growth factor
  • neural stem cell culture medium (about 500 ⁇ ) to the centrifuge tube, mix well, and gently blow the cell pellet into small pieces with a lml tip, then add 1 ml to the centrifuge tube.
  • the neural stem cell culture medium is mixed, inoculated into a new culture flask, and cultured to form a second generation neurosphere.
  • Fig. 4 is a view showing the morphology of cells at various stages in the process of inducing induced neural stem cells of the present embodiment.
  • A is a primary human urine exfoliated cell
  • B is a cell clone induced by electroporation after cell electrophoresis
  • C is a morphology of the picked clone after adherence
  • D is an iNSC neurosphere with a magnification of 100 .
  • Example 2 Identification of induced neural stem cell (iNSC) phenotype
  • Example 1 iNSC neural stem cells
  • Fig. 5 shows the results of identifying and detecting the expression level of the neural stem cell marker gene in iNSC prepared in Example 1 by immunofluorescence and Real-Time PC method.
  • a and B are immunofluorescence staining results
  • A indicates that Pax6 and Nestin are expressed in iNSC
  • B indicates Soxl (B) expression in iNSC
  • C is Real-Time PCR detection result, and the results are respectively shown.
  • iPS is a pluripotent stem cell induced by primary human urine exfoliated cells. 3. Identification of differentiation ability of iNSC in vitro
  • the matrigel-coated slides were placed in a 24-well plate, and the iNSC neurospheres (inducible neural stem cells) prepared in Example 1 were attached to a slide, and then ⁇ neural stem cell culture medium was added to the slides. Incubate overnight, and add 1 ml of neural differentiation medium to each well for 1-2 days.
  • the neural differentiation medium contains 1% N2 supplement (Gibco), 1% non-essential amino acids (NEAA, Gibco). , 0.1% heparin (Sigma) and DMEM/F12 medium each of 10 ng/mL of neurotrophic factors BDNF, GDNF, CNTF and IGF (Peprotech).
  • the neural differentiation medium was replaced every other day, and the amount of the change was half of the original medium.
  • an in vitro fraction of the induced neural stem cells was obtained.
  • the expression of Tuj, Map2, Dcx, TH, GABA, Glutamine and GFAP proteins in in vitro differentiation of induced neural stem cells obtained by immunofluorescence detection is shown in Fig. 6.
  • TH, GABA, Glutamine and GFAP proteins are markers of different types of neurons and glial cells, respectively, thereby being able to detect Tuj, Map2, Dcx, TH, GABA, in vitro differentiation of induced neural stem cells,
  • the expression of Glutamine and GFAP proteins can be used to identify different types of neurons and glial cells obtained by in vitro differentiation of induced neural stem cells, thereby confirming the in vitro differentiation ability of iNSC.
  • Figure 6 shows the results of immunofluorescence detection of markers of different types of neurons and glial cells differentiated by induced neural stem cells in vitro according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • A indicates that spontaneous differentiation forms a large number of neurons and glial cells;
  • B indicates that Map2 and GABA expression are present in in vitro differentiation of induced neural stem cells;
  • C indicates that inducible neural stem cells have Map2 and in vitro differentiation.
  • D indicates induced nerve There is TH expression in stem cell in vitro differentiation;
  • E indicates that Tuj and astrocyte marker GFAP expression is expressed in in vitro differentiation of induced neural stem cells;
  • F indicates that Dcx and Tuj expression are expressed in in vitro differentiation of induced neural stem cells.
  • the medium for preparing neural stem cells of the present invention can be effectively applied to the preparation of neural stem cells, and the somatic cells can be cultured by using the medium, in particular, the somatic cells expressing the transcriptional regulatory factors can be cultured, and the body can be effectively made.
  • the cells are transdifferentiated into neural stem cells and the time is greatly shortened.

Abstract

提供了用于制备神经干细胞的培养基及其用途。其中,用于制备神经干细胞的培养基包括:基础培养基,其适于干细胞生长;以及细胞信号通路抑制剂,其为选自GSK抑制剂、MEK抑制剂、TGF-β抑制剂、ROCK抑制剂和BMP抑制剂的至少一种。

Description

用于制备神经干细胞的培养基及其用途
优先权信息
本申请请求 2012 年 2 月 29 日向中国国家知识产权局提交的、 专利申请号为 201210051095.0的专利申请的优先权和权益, 并且通过参照将其全文并入此处。 技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药领域。具体地, 本发明涉及用于制备神经干细胞的培养基及其 用途。 背景技术
干细胞 (stem cells)是人体及其各种组织细胞的初始来源, 其最显著的生物学特征是 既有自我更新和不断增殖的能力, 又有多向分化的潜能。干细胞根据不同的来源分为成 体干细胞 (somatic stem cells)和胚胎干细胞 (embryonic stem cells, ES细胞)。 成体干细胞 包括神经干细胞、 骨髓间充质干细胞、 造血干细胞等。 目前除对造血干细胞和间充质干 细胞的研究较多外, 对神经干细胞的研究也比较深入。
1992年, Reynolds和 Weiss等首次成功地从成年小鼠的纹状体分离出了神经干细 胞, 这种细胞具有自我更新和分裂增殖能力, 可以分化为神经系统大部分类型的细胞, 对损伤和疾病具有反应能力。 1998年, 日本学者 Okano和美国康内尔大学的 Goldman 合作, 证实了成人脑组织中神经干细胞的存在。 目前, 人们通过不断的实践证明了神经 系统内多潜能干细胞的存在并分离成功,为神经系统损伤修复和退行性病变的细胞替代 治疗带来了新希望。 因为神经元不可再生修复的特性一直是医学科学难以超越的障碍, 兼之中枢神经系统组织结构的脆弱易损性和它决定智能活动的重要性,中枢神经系统疾 病及其后遗症始终是影响人类生命健康和生存质量的顽疾之一,神经干细胞的研究成为 干细胞研究领域中最积极和最活跃的部分, 临床方面拥有光明的应用前景。
然而, 目前对于神经干细胞的相关研究仍有待改进。 发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。 为此, 本发明的一个目的在 于提出一种能够有效制备神经干细胞的手段。
为此, 根据本发明的一个方面, 本发明提出了一种用于制备神经干细胞的培养基。 根据本发明的实施例, 该用于制备神经干细胞的培养基包括: 基础培养基, 所述基础培 养基适于干细胞生长; 以及细胞信号通路抑制剂,所述细胞信号通路抑制剂为选自 GSK 抑制剂、 MEK抑制剂、 TGF- β抑制剂、 ROCK抑制剂和 BMP抑制剂至少一种。 发明 人发现, 通过使用该培养基对体细胞进行培养, 尤其是对表达转录调控因子的体细胞进 行培养, 能够有效地使得体细胞转分化为神经干细胞(在本文中有时也称为 "诱导性神 经干细胞" ) , 并且时间大大缩短。
根据本发明的又一方面, 本发明提出了一种用于制备神经干细胞的试剂盒。根据本 发明的实施例, 该试剂盒含有细胞信号通路抑制剂, 所述细胞信号通路抑制剂为选自 GSK抑制剂、 MEK抑制剂、 TGF- β抑制剂、 ROCK抑制剂和 BMP抑制剂的至少一种。 发明人发现, 通过使用该试剂盒对体细胞进行培养, 尤其是表达转录调控因子的体细胞 进行培养, 能够有效地使得体细胞转分化为神经干细胞, 并且时间大大缩短。
根据本发明的又一方面, 本发明提出了一种用于制备神经干细胞的试剂盒, 该试剂 盒包含前述的培养基。 发明人发现, 通过使用该试剂盒对体细胞进行培养, 尤其是表达 转录调控因子的体细胞进行培养, 能够有效地使得体细胞转分化为神经干细胞, 并且时 间大大缩短。
根据本发明的再一方面,本发明提出了前面所述的试剂盒在制备神经干细胞中的用 途。 利用根据本发明实施例的试剂盒, 能够有效地对体细胞进行培养, 尤其是表达转录 调控因子的体细胞进行培养, 能够有效地使得体细胞转分化为神经干细胞, 并且时间大 大缩短。
根据本发明的另一方面,本发明提出了前面所述的培养基在制备神经干细胞中的用 途。 由此, 能够有效地通过对体细胞尤其是表达转录调控因子的体细胞进行体外培养, 能够有效地使得体细胞转分化为神经干细胞, 并且时间大大缩短。
根据本发明的又一方面, 本发明提出了一种制备神经干细胞的方法。根据本发明的 实施例, 该方法包括以下步骤: 利用前面所述的培养基, 培养体细胞, 所述体细胞携带 编码选自 Oct4、 Sox2、 Klf4以及 miR302的至少一种多功能干细胞因子的核酸序列, 以 便诱导所述体细胞转分化为神经干细胞。发明人发现, 通过利用根据本发明实施例的培 养基,对携带编码特定转录因子即多功能干细胞因子的核酸序列的体细胞进行培养, 能 够有效地使得体细胞转分化为神经干细胞, 并且时间可以大大缩短。
根据本发明的再一方面, 本发明还提出了一种神经干细胞或其衍生物。根据本发明 的实施例, 该神经干细胞是根据前面所述的方法获得的。 此外, 根据本发明实施例的神 经干细胞或其衍生物能够在适当的条件下有效地分化成神经细胞。
根据本发明的又一方面,本发明提出了前面所述的神经干细胞或其衍生物在制备药 物中的用途, 所述药物用于治疗神经细胞损伤所引起的疾病。 由于根据本发明实施例的 神经干细胞或其衍生物能够在适当的条件下有效地分化成神经细胞, 因而,可以进一步 将该神经干细胞或其衍生物制成药物, 从而可以治疗神经细胞损伤所引起的疾病。
根据本发明的再一方面, 本发明提出了一种治疗神经细胞损伤所引起的疾病的方 法。 根据本发明的实施例, 该方法包括: 将前面所述的神经干细胞或其衍生物引入患者 体内。通过将前面所述的神经干细胞或其衍生物引入患者体内, 神经干细胞或其衍生物 能够在患者体内有效地分化为神经细胞,从而可以进一歩弥补由于神经细胞损伤所引起 的身体损伤。
根据本发明的另一方面, 本发明提出了一种制备神经细胞的方法。根据本发明的实 施例, 该方法包括将前面所述的神经干细胞在适于分化的条件下进行培养。通过本发明 的方法, 能够有效地使得神经干细胞分化成为神经细胞, 从而有效地制备了神经细胞。
根据本发明的再一方面, 本发明提出了一种用于制备神经干细胞的系统。根据本发 明的实施例, 该系统包括: 分离装置, 所述分离装置用于从人尿液中分离人尿液脱落细 胞; 转化装置, 所述转化装置与所述分离装置相连, 并且设置有携带编码选自 Oct4、 Sox2、 Klf4以及 imR302的至少一种多功能干细胞因子的核酸序列的载体, 以便对所述 人尿液脱落细胞进行转化; 以及转分化装置, 所述转分化装置与所述转化装置相连, 并 且设置有前面所述的培养基, 用于对所述经过转化的人尿液脱落细胞进行转分化, 以便 诱导所述经过转化的人尿液脱落细胞转分化为祌经干细胞。利用该系统, 能够有效地实 施前述制备神经干细胞的方法, 从而可以有效地制备神经干细胞。
根据本发明的另一方面,本发明提出了一种筛选诱导神经干细胞分化的化合物的方 法。 根据本发明的实施例, 该方法包括以下步骤: 将前面所述的神经干细胞与候选化合 物接触; 以及检测接触所述候选化合物前后神经干细胞的多能性; 其中, 基于接触所述 候选化合物后, 所述神经干细胞的多能性是否降低, 判断所述候选化合物是否具有诱导 神经干细胞分化的活性。利用该方法能够有效地筛选获得能够诱导神经干细胞分化的化 合物。
根据本发明的再一方面,本发明提出了一种治疗神经退行性疾病和神经损伤疾病的 方法。 根据本发明的实施例, 该方法包括以下步骤: 分离患者的体细胞; 根据前面所述 的制备神经干细胞的方法, 基于所述体细胞, 制备神经干细胞; 将所述神经干细胞引入 所述患者体内。利用本发明的治疗神经退行性疾病和神经损伤疾病的方法, 能够有效地 将制备获得的神经干细胞引入患者体内,进而神经干细胞在患者体内能够有效地分化为 神经细胞, 进一步, 能够弥补由于神经退行和神经细胞损伤所引起的身体损伤, 从而能 够治疗神经退行性疾病和神经损伤疾病。
根据本发明的又一方面,本发明提出了一种鉴定制剂对神经系统是否具有影响的方 法。 根据本发明的实施例, 该方法包括以下步骤: 将所述制剂与根据本发明实施例的神 经干细胞接触; 以及对接触前后的神经干细胞进行检测, 其中, 基于所述神经干细胞的 行为变化,判断所述制剂对神经系统是否具有影响。利用该方法能够有效地鉴定制剂对 神经系统是否具有影响。 本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得 明显, 或通过本发明的实践了解到。 附图说明
本发明的上述和 /或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明 显和容易理解, 其中:
图 1 : 显示了根据本发明一个实施例的制备神经干细胞的方法的流程示意图; 图 2: 显示了根据本发明一个实施例的用于制备神经干细胞的系统的结构示意图; 图 3 : 显示了根据本发明一个实施例的治疗神经退行性疾病和神经损伤疾病的方法 的流程示意图;
图 4: 显示了根据本发明一个实施例的诱导诱导性神经干细胞过程中各阶段的细胞 的形态图;
图 5 : 显示了根据本发明一个实施例的免疫荧光及 Real-Time PCR方法鉴定诱导性 神经干细胞的神经干细胞标志基因表达水平的结果; 以及
图 6 : 显示了根据本发明一个实施例的免疫荧光检测诱导性神经干细胞体外分化物 中不同类型神经元及祌经胶质细胞的标志物表达的结果。 发明详细描述
下面详细描述本发明的实施例, 所述实施例的示例在附图中示出, 其中自始至终相 同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附 图描述的实施例是示例性的, 仅用于解释本发明, 而不能理解为对本发明的限制。 根据本发明的一个方面, 本发明提出了一种用于制备神经干细胞的培养基。 根据本发 明的实施例, 该用于制备神经干细胞的培养基可以包括: 基础培养基, 该基础培养基适于 干细胞生长; 以及细胞信号通路抑制剂, 该细胞信号通路抑制剂为选自 GSK抑制剂、 MEK 抑制剂、 TGF- β抑制剂、 ROCK抑制剂和 BMP抑制剂的至少一种。 发明人发现, 通过使用 该培养基对体细胞进行培养, 尤其是对表达转录调控因子的体细胞进行培养, 能够有效地 使得体细胞转分化为神经干细胞, 并且培养时间大大缩短。
根据本发明的实施例, 基础培养基的类型并不受特别限制。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 基础培养基为 mTeSRl (可以从 Stem Cell公司购得)。 根据本发明的实施例, 各细胞信号通 路的抑制剂的具体类型也不受特别限制。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 细胞信号通路抑制剂 可以为 GSK抑制剂 CHIR99021、 MEK抑制剂 PD0325901、 TGF- β抑制剂 A83-01、 ROCK 抑制剂 thiazovivin和 BMP抑制剂 DMH1的组合。 这些抑制剂均为市售可得的, 并且由此, 可以进一歩提高将体细胞转分化为神经干细胞的效率。 对于各抑制剂在用于制备神经干细 胞的培养基中的浓度, 并不受特别限制。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 按照重量百分比, 该 培养基可以含有: 浓度为 0.3μΜ-30μΜ的 GSK抑制剂 CHIR99021 ; 浓度为 ΙΟηΜ-ΙΟμΜ的 ΜΕΚ抑制剂 PD0325901 ; 浓度为 50ιιιη-5μΜ的 TGF- β抑制剂 A83-01 ; 浓度为 50ηηι-5μΜ 的 ROCK抑制剂 thiazovivin; 以及浓度为 20ηηι-2μΜ的 BMP抑制剂 DMH1。 优选地, 根据 本发明的一个实施例, 按照重量百分比, 所述培养基可以含有: 浓度为 3μΜ的 GSK抑制剂 CHI 99021 ; 浓度为 ΙμΜ的 ΜΕΚ抑制剂 PD0325901 ; 浓度为 0.5μΜ的 TGF- β抑制剂 A83-01 ;浓度为 0.5μΜ的 ROCK抑制剂 thiazoYivin;以及浓度为 0.2μΜ的 BMP抑制剂 DMH1。 由此, 可以进一歩提高将降体细胞转分化为神经干细胞的效率。
根据本发明的又一方面, 本发明提出了一种用于制备神经干细胞的试剂盒。 根据本发 明的实施例, 该试剂盒含有细胞信号通路抑制剂, 该细胞信号通路抑制剂为选自 GSK抑制 齐!]、 MEK抑制剂、 TGF- β抑制剂、 ROCK抑制剂和 BMP抑制剂的至少一种。 发明人发现, 通过使用该试剂盒对体细胞进行培养, 尤其是对表达转录调控因子的体细胞进行培养, 能 够有效地使得体细胞转分化为神经干细胞, 并且时间大大缩短。 根据本发明的实施例, 各 细胞信号通路的抑制剂的具体类型不受特别限制。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述细胞信 号通路抑制剂可以为 GSK抑制剂 CHIR99021、 MEK抑制剂 PD0325901、 TGF- β抑制剂 A83-01、 ROCK抑制剂 thiazovivin和 BMP抑制剂 DMH1的组合。 这些抑制剂均为市售可 得的, 并且由此, 可以进一步提高将体细胞转分化为神经干细胞的效率。 对于各抑制剂在 用于制备祌经干细胞的培养基中的浓度, 并不受特别限制。根据本发明的一个实施例, GSK 抑制剂 CHI 9902 MEK 抑制剂 PD032590 TGF- β抑制剂 Α83-0 ROCK 抑制剂 thiazovivin和 BMP抑制剂 DMH1分别设置在不同的容器中。 由此, 可以方便地使用该试剂 盒对体细胞进行转分化处理。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 该试剂盒可以进一步包括基础培 养基, 其中该基础培养基为 mTeSRl (可以从 Stem Cell公司购得)。
根据本发明的实施例, 细胞信号通路抑制剂的存在形式并不受特别限制。 根据本发明 的一个实施例, 在该试剂盒中, 细胞信号通路抑制剂可以溶解于基础培养基中。 由此, 可 以方便地使用试剂盒对体细胞进行转分化处理。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 在该试剂盒中, 按照重量百分比, 溶解于基础培养基中的细胞信号通路抑制剂可以为: 浓度为 3μΜ的 GSK 抑制剂 CHIR99021、 浓度为 ΙμΜ的 ΜΕΚ抑制剂 PD0325901、 浓度为 0.5μΜ 的 TGF- β抑 制剂 Α83-01、 浓度为 0.5 μΜ的 ROCK抑制剂 thiazovivin以及浓度为 0.2μΜ的 BMP抑制 剂 DMH1的组合。 由此, 可以进一步提高使用试剂盒对体细胞进行转分化处理的效率。
根据本发明的又一方面, 本发明提出了一种用于制备神经干细胞的试剂盒, 该试剂盒 包含前述的用于制备神经干细胞的培养基。 发明人发现, 通过使用该试剂盒对体细胞进行 培养, 尤其是对表达转录调控因子的体细胞进行培养, 能够有效地使得体细胞转分化为神 经干细胞, 并且时间大大缩短。 关于用于制备神经干细胞的培养基, 前面己经进行了详细 描述, 在此不再赘述。
根据本发明的再一方面, 本发明提出了前面所述的试剂盒在制备神经干细胞中的用途。 利用根据本发明实施例的试剂盒, 能够有效地对体细胞进行培养, 尤其是对表达转录调控 因子的体细胞进行培养, 能够有效地使得体细胞转分化为神经干细胞, 并且时间大大缩短。 关于试剂盒, 前面己经进行了详细描述, 在此不再赘述。
根据本发明的另一方面, 本发明提出了前面所述的培养基在制备神经干细胞中的用途。 由此, 能够有效地通过对体细胞尤其是表达转录调控因子的体细胞进行体外培养, 能够有 效地使得体细胞转分化为神经干细胞, 并且时间大大缩短。 关于用于制备神经干细胞的培 养基, 前面已经进行了详细描述, 在此不再赘述。
根据本发明的又一方面, 本发明提出了一种制备神经干细胞的方法。 根据本发明的实 施例, 该方法可以包括以下步骤: 利用前面所述的用于制备神经干细胞的培养基, 培养体 细胞, 该体细胞携带编码选自 Oct4、 Sox2、 lf4以及 miR302的至少一种多功能干细胞因 子的核酸序列, 以便诱导体细胞转分化为神经干细胞。 发明人发现, 通过利用根据本发明 实施例的培养基, 对携带编码特定转录因子即多功能干细胞因子的核酸序列的体细胞进行 培养, 能够有效地使得体细胞转分化为神经干细胞, 并且时间可以大大缩短。 根据本发明 的实施例, 体细胞的类型并不受特别限制。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 体细胞可以为人尿 液脱落细胞。 由此, 可以方便地获得起始细胞, 从而提高制备神经干细胞的效率, 降低制 备神经干细胞的成本, 避免采用侵入式手术方法获取起始细胞带来的人力物力成本。
进一步, 根据本发明的实施例, 携带编码选自 Oct4、 Sox2、 Klf4以及 miR302的至少 一种多功能干细胞因子的核酸序列的体细胞, 也可以通过对不携带所述多功能干细胞因子 的体细胞进行生物学处理而得到。具体地,根据本发明的实施例,携带编码选自 Oct4、 Sox2、 Klf4 以及 miR302 的至少一种多功能干细胞因子的核酸序列的体细胞可以通过下列步骤获 得:
首先, 对人尿液进行离心, 以便获得沉淀物。
接着, 利用尿液培养基对所述沉淀物进行培养, 以便获得原代人尿液脱落细胞。
然后, 利用携带编码选自 Oct4、 Sox2、 Klf4 以及 miR302的至少一种多功能干细胞因 子的核酸序列的载体, 对原代人尿液脱落细胞进行转化, 以便获得体细胞。 根据本发明的 一个实施例, 载体携带编码 Oct4、 Sox2、 Klf4以及 miR302的核酸序列。 根据本发明的一 个实施例, 载体为分别携带编码 Oct4、 Sox2、 Klf4以及 miR302的核酸序列的不同质粒。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 利用电转导对原代人尿液脱落细胞进行转化。
在获得神经干细胞后, 还可以进一步对神经干细胞进行扩增培养。 根据本发明的实施 例, 对神经干细胞进行扩增培养的方法并不受特别限制, 根据本发明的一个实施例, 本发 明的制备神经干细胞的方法可以进一步包括下列步骤以实现对神经干细胞的扩增:
首先, 利用基础培养基, 对神经干细胞进行贴壁培养。 其中, 该基础培养基可以为 mTeSRl„
然后, 将经过贴壁培养的神经干细胞在神经干细胞培养基中进行培养, 该神经干细胞 培养基为含有 1%N2 supplement 1%非必需氨基酸、 0.1%肝素、 20ng/ml碱性成纤维细胞生 长因子和 20ng/ml表皮生长因子的 DMEM/F12培养基。
根据本发明的再一方面, 本发明还提出了一种神经干细胞或其衍生物。 根据本发明的 实施例, 该神经干细胞是根据前面所述的方法获得的。 此外, 根据本发明实施例的神经干 细胞或其衍生物能够在适当的条件下有效地分化成神经细胞。
根据本发明的又一方面, 本发明提出了前面所述的神经干细胞或其衍生物在制备药物 中的用途, 该药物用于治疗神经细胞损伤所引起的疾病。 由于根据本发明实施例的神经干 细胞或其衍生物能够在适当的条件下有效地分化成神经细胞, 因而, 可以进一歩将该神经 干细胞或其衍生物制成药物, 从而可以治疗神经细胞损伤所引起的疾病。
根据本发明的再一方面, 本发明提出了一种治疗神经细胞损伤所引起的疾病的方法。 根据本发明的实施例, 该方法可以包括: 将前面所述的神经干细胞或其衍生物引入患者体 内。 通过将前面所述的神经干细胞或其衍生物引入患者体内, 神经干细胞或其衍生物能够 在患者体内有效地分化为神经细胞, 从而可以进一歩弥补由于神经细胞损伤所引起的身体 损伤。
根据本发明的另一方面, 本发明提出了一种制备神经细胞的方法。 根据本发明的实施 例, 该方法包括将前面所述的神经干细胞在适于分化的条件下进行培养。 通过本发明的方 法, 能够有效地使得神经干细胞分化成为神经细胞, 从而有效地制备了神经细胞。 根据本 发明的实施例, 对神经干细胞进行分化培养的方法并不受特别限制。 根据本发明的一个实 施例, 可以利用含有 1%N2 supplement, 1%非必需氨基酸、 0.1%肝素, 并添加有浓度均为 10 ng/mL的神经营养因子 BDNF、 GDNF, CNTF和 IGF的 DMEM/F12培养基, 对神经干 细胞进行培养, 以便获得不同类型的神经元和祌经胶质细胞。
根据本发明的再一方面, 本发明提出了一种用于制备神经干细胞的系统。 根据本发明 的实施例, 参照图 2, 该系统 1000可以包括: 分离装置 100、 转化装置 200以及转分化装 置 300。 其中, 分离装置 100用于从人尿液中分离人尿液脱落细胞。转化装置 200与分离装 置 100相连, 并且设置有携带编码选自 Oct4、 Sox2、 Klf4以及 miR302的至少一种多功能 干细胞因子的核酸序列的载体, 用于从分离装置 100接收人尿液脱落细胞并对其进行转化。 转分化装置 300与转化装置 200相连, 并且设置有前面所述的用于制备神经干细胞的培养 基, 用于从转化装置 200接收经过转化的人尿液脱落细胞并对其进行转分化, 以便诱导经 过转化的人尿液脱落细胞转分化为神经干细胞。 利用该系统, 能够有效地实施前述制备神 经干细胞的方法, 从而可以有效地制备神经干细胞。
根据本发明的另一方面, 本发明提出了一种筛选诱导神经干细胞分化的化合物的方法。 根据本发明的实施例, 该方法可以包括以下步骤: 将前面所述的神经干细胞与候选化合物 接触; 以及检测接触候选化合物前后神经干细胞的多能性; 其中, 基于接触候选化合物后, 神经干细胞的多能性是否降低, 判断候选化合物是否具有诱导神经干细胞分化的活性。 利 用该方法能够有效地筛选获得能够诱导神经干细胞分化的化合物。
根据本发明的再一方面, 本发明提出了一种治疗神经退行性疾病和神经损伤疾病的方 法。 根据本发明的实施例, 参照图 3, 该方法可以包括以下步骤:
首先, 分离患者的体细胞。
其次, 根据前面所述的制备神经干细胞的方法, 基于获得的体细胞, 制备神经干细胞。 然后, 将获得的神经干细胞引入患者体内。
利用本发明的治疗神经退行性疾病和神经损伤疾病的方法, 能够有效地将制备获得的 神经干细胞引入患者体内, 进而神经干细胞在患者体内能够有效地分化为神经细胞, 进一 步, 能够弥补由于神经退行和神经细胞损伤所引起的身体损伤, 从而能够治疗神经退行性 疾病和神经损伤疾病。
根据本发明的又一方面, 本发明提出了一种鉴定制剂对神经系统是否具有影响的方法。 根据本发明的实施例, 该方法可以包括以下歩骤: 将制剂与根据本发明实施例的神经干细 胞接触; 以及对接触前后的神经干细胞进行检测, 其中, 基于神经干细胞的行为变化, 判 断制剂对神经系统是否具有影响。 利用该方法能够有效地鉴定制剂对神经系统是否具有影 响。
需要说明的是, 本发明的用于制备神经干细胞的培养基及其用途, 是本申请的发明人 通过艰苦的创造性劳动和优化的工作而完成的。 并且, 在本发明的各方面中所描述的特征 是可以相互引用的, 为方便起见, 不再赘述。 下面将结合实施例对本发明的方案进行解释。 本领域技术人员将会理解, 下面的实施 例仅用于说明本发明, 而不应视为限定本发明的范围。 实施例中未注明具体技术或条件的, 按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。 所用试剂或仪器未注 明生产厂商者, 均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。
实施例 1 : 制备神经干细胞
1、 分离人尿液脱落细胞 (Urine cells, UC)
按照以下步骤, 分离尿液脱落细胞:
( 1 ) 收集中段尿液 150-200ml, 置于无菌容器, 并加入双抗 (青霉素 /链霉素);
(2) 然后将上述尿液转入 50ml离心管, 400g离心 lOmin;
(3 ) 吸掉上清, 以便剩余约 5ml尿液;
(4) 向上述剩余尿液中加入含有双抗的 PBS约 10-30ml, 轻轻混匀, 然后 400g离心 lOmin;
(5 ) 吸掉上清至剩余液体少于 0.5ml:
(6) 然后向上述剩余尿液中加入 lml尿液细胞培养基重悬沉淀, 并收集细胞;
(7) 将上述收集到的细胞平铺接种于已用 0.1%的明胶(Gelatin)预包被处理的 60mm 培养皿(或六孔板)中, 补加 lml尿液细胞培养基, 其中, 尿液细胞培养基是通过将含 10% 胎牛血清 (FBS, PAA公司)、 双抗的高葡萄糖 DMEM (Dulbcco's Modifed Eagle Medium) 培养基(HyClone公司)和 SingleQuot Kit CC-4127 REGM培养基 (Lonza公司) 1 : 1混合而获 得的;
(8 ) 将接种有细胞的培养皿置于 37°C, 5%C02的培养箱内培养 3天;
(9) 观察培养皿内是否有细胞贴壁, 然后轻轻补加 lml 培养基, 继续置于 37°C, 5%C02 培养箱内进行培养;
( 10) 在接种细胞的第 5-7天, 吸去培养皿内的培养基, 并用 PBS洗涤一遍, 然后向 培养皿中添加新鲜尿液培养基 (不加抗生素), 可见细胞贴壁生长;
( 11 ) 视细胞生长情况添加或更换培养基, 可用 0.25%胰酶消化传代扩增;
( 12) 当尿液细胞扩增至第 2 代开始, 收获原代人尿液脱落细胞, 并用冻存液 (90%FBS+10%DMSO) 将其用液氮冻存, 备用。
2、 诱导诱导性神经干细胞 (induced neural stem cell, iNSC )
iNSC的诱导试验包括细胞准备、 质粒电转、 细胞接种诱导、 细胞克隆挑取、 iNSC扩增 等环节, 具体步骤如下: ( 1 ) 将冻存的原代人尿液脱落细胞进行复苏, 并接种于 10cm盘 (或者六孔板) 中;
(2 ) 待原代人尿液脱落细胞在 10cm盘中的汇合度至 90%左右时,用 0.25%胰酶对其 进行消化, 然后收集细胞并计数;
(3 ) 将适量细胞 (每个电转体系的细胞数量在 50-150万范围) 转移至 1.5ml的 EP 管中, 200g离心 5min;
(4 ) 吸掉 EP管中的上清, 并收集细胞沉淀于电转杯中;
(5 ) 配制质粒转化体系:向上述电转杯中依次加入 82 μΐ Basic Nucleofector® Solution for Mammalian Epithelial Cells禾 Π 18μ1 supplement l(Lonza公司)轻轻混匀, 然后加入 5μg质 粒, 充分混匀, 以便获得质粒转化体系, 其中质粒包括 pCEP4-02SET2K(3 g)和 pCEP4-mi -302 (2 g);
(6 ) 将电转杯置于 Amaxa电转仪 (Lonza公司)上, 选择 T-013 (或 T-020) 程序进行 电转;
(7 ) 将电转后的细胞转移至包被有基质胶(Matrigd)的六孔板(或者 10cm盘)上, 每孔接种约 10-30万细胞, 可根据细胞状态进行调整, 然后添加尿液细胞培养基, 将细胞培 养过夜;
( 8 ) 次日 (或转染后第二日), 将上述六孔板中的尿液细胞培养基更换为含有 3μΜ CHI 9902K ΙμΜ PD032590K 0.5μΜ A83-01 ( Tocris Bioscience )、 0.5μΜ thiazovivin禾!] 0.2μΜ DMH1 (Tocris Bioscience) 的 mTeSRl ±咅养基 ( Stem Cell公司) 本发明的用于制备神 经干细胞的培养基进行培养, 观察细胞, 并每隔一天更换一次培养基;
(9 ) 在电转后约 12-15天, 经过诱导的细胞将长出大小合适、 边缘清晰、 细胞排列 紧密的克隆, 利用机械法挑取细胞克隆, 并将其分成小块, 接种于包被有 Matrigel的基质胶 (Matrigd) 的六孔板 (或十二孔板) 上, 用普通 mTeSRl培养基进行培养;
( 10 ) 当经过培养的细胞克隆贴壁后, 更换新鲜培养基, 并继续培养 3-5天, 隔天换 液, 可见大量排列成神经花环 (Rosette) 样结构的或者具有极性排列的神经干细胞样细胞 团;
( 1 1 ) 机械法挑取神经干细胞样细胞团, 并用 lml枪头轻轻吹打, 将细胞团吹成小块 或单细胞, 并将获得的单细胞转移至装有神经干细胞培养基的 T25培养瓶中继续培养, 其 中,神经干细胞培养基为含有 1%N2 supplement(Gibco)、 1%非必需氨基酸(NEAA, Gibco)、 0.1%肝素(Heparin, Sigma)、 20ng/ml碱性成纤维细胞生长因子〔bFGF, Invitrogen)和 20ng/ml 表皮生长因子 (EGF, R&D Systems) 的 DMEM/F12培养基;
( 12 ) 悬浮生长于培养瓶中一周后, 细胞可形成边界清晰的神经球 (这时的神经球被 定义为 P1代神经球), 此后, 每 2-3天更换一次培养基, 更换的量为原培养基的一半;
( 13 ) 当细胞生长到 7-14天(视神经球大小) 时, 即从细胞置于培养瓶中用神经干细 胞培养基培养开始的第 7-14天, 将其进行传代, 将直径超过 300μπι的神经球转移至 15ml 的离心管中, 待神经球自然沉降或离心 (50g, l-2min) 后, 吸除上清, 并向离心管中添加 lml Accutase, 使其于 37 °C下进行消化 3-5min; ( 14 ) 向上述离心管中添加神经干细胞培养基(其中,神经干细胞培养基为含有 1%N2 supplement(Gibco), 1%非必需氨基酸(ΝΕΑΑ, Gibco)、 0.1%肝素(Heparin, Sigma) 20ng/ml 碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF, Invitrogen)和 20ng/ml表皮生长因子(EGF, R&D Systems) 的 DMEM/F12培养基) 至反应体系的体积为 10ml, 然后 200g离心 5mm;
( 15 ) 吸掉上清, 然后向离心管中添加少量神经干细胞培养基 (约 500μΙ), 混匀, 并 用 lml枪头轻轻吹打将细胞团打散成小块, 再向离心管中添加 lml神经干细胞培养基, 混 匀后接种于新的培养瓶中, 继续培养以形成第二代神经球。
其中, 利用倒置显微镜 (Olympus, BX51 ) 对从原代人尿液脱落细胞诱导制备神经干 细胞过程中各阶段的细胞进行形态观察并照相, 结果见图 4。 图 4显示了本实施例的诱导诱 导性神经干细胞过程中各阶段的细胞的形态图。 如图 4所示, A为原代人尿液脱落细胞; B为细胞经过电转后诱导形成的细胞克隆; C为挑取的克隆贴壁后的形态; D为 iNSC神经 球,放大倍数为 100。 实施例 2: 诱导性神经干细胞(iNSC)表型的鉴定
1、 免疫荧光染色检测 iNSC中 NSC标志物的表达
( 1 ) 将已包被基质胶 (Matrigel) 的玻片置于 24孔板中, 取 5-10个实施例 1制备的 体积较小的 iNSC神经球 (即 iNSC神经干细胞) 贴在玻片上, 然后向玻片上添加 ΙΟΟμΙ神 经干细胞培养基,培养过夜,次日再向每个孔中添加 500μ1神经干细胞培养基,培养 1-2天;
(2 ) 利用 4%的多聚甲醛, 将上述经过培养的细胞于室温下固定 20 min;
(3 ) 用 PBS将经过固定的细胞充分漂洗 3 次, 每次 5min;
(4 ) 向经过漂洗的细胞中添加一抗(Pax6、Nestin、Soxl、Sox2)、 1% BSA、 10% normal goat serum 、 0.3% Triton X-100和 PBS , 然后于 4°C下培养过夜;
(5 ) 用 PBS将培养过夜的细胞洗涤 3 次, 每次 5min;
( 6 ) 向经过洗涤的细胞中添加相应的标记有 Alexa 568 或 488的二抗 (Invitrigen), 然后于室温下进行避光孵育 1 h;
( 7 ) 用 PBS将经过避光孵育的细胞洗涤 3 次, 每次 5min;
(8 ) 向上歩获得的经过洗涤的细胞中添加 DAPI ( Sigma),然后于室温下进行避光孵 育 3 min;
( 9 ) 用 PBS将上步获得的经过避光孵育的细胞洗涤 3 次, 每次 5ηώι;
( 10 ) 然后进行封片, 并对样品进行观察照相, 结果见图 5。
2、 Real-Time PCR鉴定诱导性神经干细胞 GNSC ) 中神经干细胞标志基因的表达 首先, 使用 Trizd (Takara公司)试剂, 按照制造商说明, 提取实施例 1制备的诱导性 神经干细胞的总 R A。 然后, 用 M-MLV ( Takara公司) 试剂盒对提取的总 NA进行逆转 录, 获得 cDNA, 并使用 SYBR® Premix Ex Taq™ 试剂盒 (Takara公司)和 ABI 7300荧光 定量 PCR仪 (ABI公司) 对 cDNA进行 Real-Time PCR, 以便鉴定神经干细胞标志基因的 表达, 结果见图 5。 其中, Real-Time PCR引物的序列见下表
Figure imgf000012_0001
注: F: 正向; R反向。
图 5显示了利用免疫荧光及 Real-Time PC 方法鉴定、检测实施例 1制备的 iNSC中神 经干细胞标志基因的表达水平的结果。 如图 5所示, 其中, A和 B为免疫荧光染色结果, A 表明 iNSC中有 Pax6和 Nestin表达, B表明 iNSC中有 Soxl ( B )表达; C为 Real-Time PCR 检测结果, 结果分别显示了 iNSC中 Sox2、 Pax6, Soxl及 Nestin的基因表达水平, 其中 UC 为尿液细胞, iPS为由原代人尿液脱落细胞诱导形成的多能性干细胞。 3、 体外鉴定 iNSC的分化能力
将已包被基质胶(Matrigel)的玻片置于 24孔板中,将实施例 1制备的 iNSC神经球(诱 导性神经干细胞)贴在玻片上, 然后向玻片上添加 ΙΟΟμΙ神经干细胞培养基, 培养过夜, 次 日再向每个孔中添加 1ml神经分化培养基,培养 1-2天,其中,神经分化培养基为含有 1%N2 supplement(Gibco), 1%非必需氨基酸 (NEAA, Gibco)、 0.1%肝素 (heparin, Sigma) 和每 种均为 10 ng/mL的神经营养因子 BDNF、GDNF、CNTF和 IGF(Peprotech公司)的 DMEM/F12 培养基。 然后, 每隔一天更换神经分化培养基, 换液量为原培养基的一半, 培养 2 周后, 获得诱导性神经干细胞的体外分化物。 然后, 通过免疫荧光检测获得的诱导性神经干细胞 的体外分化物中 Tuj、 Map2、 Dcx、 TH、 GABA、 Glutamine及 GFAP蛋白的表达, 结果见 图 6。 其中 TH、 GABA、 Glutamine及 GFAP蛋白分别为不同类型的神经元和神经胶质细胞 的标志物, 由此, 能够通过检测诱导性神经干细胞的体外分化物中 Tuj、 Map2、 Dcx、 TH、 GABA、 Glutamine及 GFAP蛋白的表达, 来鉴定诱导性神经干细胞经体外分化获得的不同 类型的神经元和神经胶质细胞, 从而能够确认 iNSC的体外分化能力。
图 6 显示了根据本发明一个实施例的免疫荧光检测诱导性神经干细胞体外分化的不同 类型神经元及神经胶质细胞的标志物表达的结果。如图 6所示, A表明 自发分化形成 了大量的神经元和胶质细胞; B表明诱导性神经干细胞体外分化物中有 Map2和 GABA表 达; C表明诱导性神经干细胞体外分化物中有 Map2和 Glutamine表达; D表明诱导性神经 干细胞体外分化物中有 TH表达; E表明诱导性神经干细胞体外分化物中有 Tuj和星形胶质 细胞标记物 GFAP表达; F表明诱导性神经干细胞体外分化物中有 Dcx和 Tuj表达。 工业实用性
本发明的用于制备神经干细胞的培养基, 能够有效地应用于神经干细胞的制备, 利用 该培养基对体细胞进行培养, 尤其是对表达转录调控因子的体细胞进行培养, 能够有效地 使得体细胞转分化为神经干细胞, 并且时间大大缩短。 尽管本发明的具体实施方式已经得到详细的描述, 本领域技术人员将会理解。 根据已 经公开的所有教导, 可以对那些细节进行各种修改和替换, 这些改变均在本发明的保护范 围之内。 本发明的全部范围由所附权利要求及其任何等同物给出。
在本说明书的描述中, 参考术语"一个实施例"、 "一些实施例"、 "示意性实施例"、 "示 例"、 "具体示例"、 或 "一些示例"等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、 结 构、 材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。 在本说明书中, 对上述术语 的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。 而且, 描述的具体特征、 结构、 材料或 者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种用于制备神经干细胞的培养基, 其特征在于, 包含:
基础培养基, 所述基础培养基适于干细胞生成; 以及
细胞信号通路抑制剂, 所述细胞信号通路抑制剂为选自 GSK抑制剂、 MEK抑制剂、
TGF- β抑制剂、 ROCK抑制剂和 BMP抑制剂的至少一种。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的培养基, 其特征在于, 所述基础培养基为 mTeSRl。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的培养基, 其特征在于, 所述细胞信号通路抑制剂为 GSK抑 制剂 CHIR99021、MEK抑制剂 PD0325901、TGF- β抑制剂 A83-01、: OCK抑制剂 thiazovivin 和 BMP抑制剂 DMH1的组合。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的培养基, 其特征在于, 按照重量百分比, 所述培养基含有: 浓度为 0.3μΜ-30μΜ的 GSK抑制剂 CHIR99021 ;
浓度为 ΙΟηΜ-ΙΟμΜ的 ΜΕΚ抑制剂 PD0325901 ;
浓度为 50ηηι-5μΜ 的 TGF- β抑制剂 A83-01 ;
浓度为 50ηηι-5μΜ的 ROCK抑制剂 thiazovivin; 以及
浓度为 20ηηι-2μΜ的 BMP抑制剂 DMH1。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的培养基, 其特征在于, 按照重量百分比, 所述培养基含有: 浓度为 3μΜ的 GSK抑制剂 CHIR99021 ;
浓度为 ΙμΜ的 ΜΕΚ抑制剂 PD0325901;
浓度为 0.5μΜ 的 TGF- β抑制剂 A83-01 ;
浓度为 0.5μΜ的 ROCK抑制剂 thiazovivin; 以及
浓度为 0.2μΜ的 BMP抑制剂 DMH1。
6、 一种用于制备神经干细胞的试剂盒, 其特征在于, 所述试剂盒中含有细胞信号通路 抑制剂,所述细胞信号通路抑制剂为选自 GSK抑制剂、 MEK抑制剂、 TGF- β抑制剂、 ROCK 抑制剂和 BMP抑制剂的至少一种。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的制备神经干细胞的试剂盒, 其特征在于, 所述细胞信号通路 抑制剂为 GSK抑制剂 CHIR99021、 MEK抑制剂 PD0325901、 TGF- β抑制剂 A83-01、 ROCK 抑制剂 thiazovivin和 BMP抑制剂 DMH1的组合。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的制备神经干细胞的试剂盒, 其特征在于, 所述 GSK抑制剂 CHI 9902K MEK抑制剂 PD0325901、 TGF- β抑制剂 A83-01、 ROCK抑制剂 thiazovivin 和 BMP抑制剂 DMH1分别设置在不同的容器中。
9、 根据权利要求 6所述的制备神经干细胞的试剂盒, 其特征在于, 进一歩包括基础培 养基, 所述基础培养基为 mTeSRl。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的制备神经干细胞的试剂盒, 其特征在于, 所述细胞信号通 路抑制剂溶解于所述基础培养基中。
11、根据权利要求 10所述的制备神经干细胞的试剂盒,其特征在于, 按照重量百分比, 所述细胞信号通路抑制剂为:浓度为 3μΜ的 GSK抑制剂 CHIR99021、浓度为 ΙμΜ的 ΜΕΚ 抑制剂 PD0325901、 浓度为 0.5μΜ的 TGF- β抑制剂 A83-01、 浓度为 0.5μΜ的 ROCK抑制 剂 thiazovivin以及浓度为 0.2μΜ的 BMP抑制剂 DMH1的组合。
12、一种用于制备神经干细胞的试剂盒, 其特征在于, 包含权利要求 1-5任一项所述的 培养基。
13、 权利要求 6-12任一项所述的试剂盒在制备神经干细胞中的用途。
14、 权利要求 1-5任一项所述的培养基在制备神经干细胞中的用途。
15、 一种制备神经干细胞的方法, 其特征在于, 包括以下步骤- 利用权利要求 1-5任一项所述的培养基, 培养体细胞, 所述体细胞携带编码选自 Oct4、 Sox2、 lf4以及 miR302的至少一种多功能干细胞因子的核酸序列, 以便诱导所述体细胞转 分化为神经干细胞。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述体细胞为人尿液脱落细胞。
17、 根据权利要求 16所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述体细胞是通过下列步骤获得的: 对人尿液进行离心, 以便获得沉淀物;
利用尿液培养基对所述沉淀物进行培养, 以便获得原代人尿液脱落细胞; 以及 利用携带编码选自 Oct4、 Sox2、 Klf4以及 miR302的至少一种多功能干细胞因子的核 酸序列的载体, 对所述原代人尿液脱落细胞进行转化, 以便获得所述体细胞。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述载体携带编码 Oct4、 Sox2、 Klf4 以及 miR302的核酸序列。
19、根据权利要求 1S所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述载体为分别携带编码 Oct4、 Sox2、
Klf4以及 miR302的核酸序列的不同质粒。
20、 根据权利要求 17所述的方法, 其特征在于, 利用电转导对所述原代人尿液脱落细 胞进行转化。
21、 根据权利要求 15所述的方法, 其特征在于, 进一步包括:
利用基础培养基, 对所述神经干细胞进行贴壁培养; 以及
将经过贴壁培养的神经干细胞在神经干细胞培养基中进行培养, 所述神经干细胞培养 基为含有 1%N2 supplement、 1%非必需氨基酸、 0.1%肝素、 20ng/ml碱性成纤维细胞生长因 子和 20ng/m〖表皮生长因子的 DMEM/F12培养基。
22、 一种神经干细胞或其衍生物, 其特征在于, 所述神经干细胞是根据权利要求 15-21 任一项所述的方法获得的。
23、 权利要求 22所述的神经干细胞或其衍生物在制备药物中的用途, 所述药物用于治 疗神经细胞损伤所引起的疾病。
24、 一种治疗神经细胞损伤所引起的疾病的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
将权利要求 22所述的神经干细胞或其衍生物引入患者体内。
25、 一种制备神经细胞的方法, 其特征在于, 将权利要求 22所述的神经干细胞在适于 分化的条件下进行培养。
26、 根据权利要求 25所述的方法, 其特征在于, 利用含有 1%N2 supplemen 1% 非必需氨基酸、 0.1%肝素, 并添加有浓度均为 10 ng/mL的神经营养因子 BDNF、 GDNF、 CNTF和 IGF的 DMEM/F12培养基, 对所述神经干细胞进行培养, 以便获得不同类型的神 经元和神经胶质细胞。
27、 一种用于制备神经干细胞的系统, 其特征在于, 包括:
分离装置, 所述分离装置用于从人尿液中分离人尿液脱落细胞;
转化装置, 所述转化装置与所述分离装置相连, 并且设置有携带编码选自 Oct4、 Sox2、 Klf4以及 miR302的至少一种多功能干细胞因子的核酸序列的载体,以便对所述人尿液脱落 细胞进行转化; 以及
转分化装置, 所述转分化装置与所述转化装置相连, 并且设置有权利要求 1-5任一项所 述的培养基, 用于对所述经过转化的人尿液脱落细胞进行转分化, 以便诱导所述经过转化 的人尿液脱落细胞转分化为神经干细胞。
28、 一种筛选诱导神经干细胞分化的化合物的方法, 其特征在于, 包括以下步骤: 将权利要求 22所述的神经干细胞与候选化合物接触; 以及
检测接触所述候选化合物前后神经干细胞的多能性,
其中, 基于接触所述候选化合物后, 所述神经干细胞的多能性是否降低, 判断所述候 选化合物是否具有诱导神经干细胞分化的活性。
29、 一种治疗神经退行性疾病和神经损伤疾病的方法, 其特征在于, 包括以下步骤: 分离患者的体细胞;
根据权利要求 15-21任一项所述的方法, 基于所述体细胞, 制备神经干细胞; 以及 将所述神经干细胞引入所述患者体内。
30、 一种鉴定制剂对神经系统是否具有影响的方法, 其特征在于, 包括以下步骤: 将所述制剂与权利要求 22所述的神经干细胞接触; 以及
对接触前后的神经干细胞进行检测,
其中,
基于所述神经干细胞的行为变化, 判断所述制剂对神经系统是否具有影响。
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