WO2013015566A2 - 수소 분리막 보호층 및 이의 코팅방법 - Google Patents
수소 분리막 보호층 및 이의 코팅방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013015566A2 WO2013015566A2 PCT/KR2012/005791 KR2012005791W WO2013015566A2 WO 2013015566 A2 WO2013015566 A2 WO 2013015566A2 KR 2012005791 W KR2012005791 W KR 2012005791W WO 2013015566 A2 WO2013015566 A2 WO 2013015566A2
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- separation membrane
- protective layer
- separator
- membrane
- Prior art date
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SWELZOZIOHGSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium silver Chemical compound [Pd].[Ag] SWELZOZIOHGSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYJSZRRJQJAOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru].[Pd] OYJSZRRJQJAOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017767 Cu—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002668 Pd-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003087 TiOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003134 ZrOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052575 non-oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- HLLICFJUWSZHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tioxidazole Chemical compound CCCOC1=CC=C2N=C(NC(=O)OC)SC2=C1 HLLICFJUWSZHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/1213—Laminated layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/022—Metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0088—Physical treatment with compounds, e.g. swelling, coating or impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/05—Cermet materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/501—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion
- C01B3/503—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion characterised by the membrane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/16—Hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/02—Details relating to pores or porosity of the membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/04—Characteristic thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/06—Surface irregularities
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/24—Mechanical properties, e.g. strength
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/28—Degradation or stability over time
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydrogen separation membrane protective layer and a coating method thereof, and more particularly, when the hydrogen separation membrane is installed in the reactor in the hydrogen production (purification) process, the surface of the hydrogen separation membrane to protect the hydrogen separation membrane from particulate contaminants. It relates to a separator protective layer formed by coating a metal and ceramic. By blocking the contaminants contained in the gas through this, it is possible to improve the durability of the hydrogen separation membrane and minimize the impact on the hydrogen permeation performance of the membrane.
- Separation apparatus is required to obtain hydrogen from the hydrogen mixed gas, and hydrogen can be purified using various separation processes using pressure swing adsorption (PSA), deep cooling, a membrane, and a getter.
- PSA pressure swing adsorption
- a process using a palladium-based separator has an advantage of high energy efficiency. Therefore, many studies have been conducted in this field.
- the performance of hydrogen separation membranes is an important performance index for hydrogen flux and selectivity. Much research and efforts have been made in Korea and overseas to improve its performance. In particular, since the amount of hydrogen permeation is determined by the thickness of the hydrogen separation membrane layer, research is being conducted to coat dense ultrathin films without micropores.
- the effect of the loss or composition change of the hydrogen separation membrane becomes more significant due to the safety against heat and the adhesion of fine dust that can be introduced during the process.
- a 1 ⁇ m diameter contaminant is attached to the surface of a 10 ⁇ m thick coating membrane
- a maximum 10% composition change can be expected
- a 1 ⁇ m diameter particulate contaminant is attached to the 1 ⁇ m coating membrane
- a maximum of 50 % Composition change can be anticipated. Therefore, as the hydrogen separation membrane becomes thinner, it is obvious that the influence of the pollutant increases.
- An object of the present invention to provide a protective layer by coating a metal and ceramic mixture (Cermet) capable of surface migration of hydrogen molecules and hydrogen atoms on the surface of the dense hydrogen separation membrane, another object of the present invention It is to provide a coating method of the protective layer.
- a metal and ceramic mixture Cermet
- the present invention is to improve the durability of the hydrogen separation membrane by blocking the contact between the particle (pollutant or catalyst) contained in the gas and the separation membrane when the hydrogen separation membrane in the reactor in the hydrogen production or purification process. At the same time, the effect of the protective layer on the hydrogen permeation performance of the membrane should be minimized.
- a cermet is formed by simultaneously coating a metal and a ceramic on the surface of the hydrogen separation membrane to provide a separator protection layer.
- the present invention is to coat a metal and ceramic mixture (Cermet) that can surface migration of hydrogen molecules or hydrogen atoms at the same time on top of the metal separation membrane.
- the disadvantage of the low hydrogen or proton conductivity of the ceramic is improved through the mixing of metals, especially noble metals, and at the same time, sintering or diffusion into the separator layer may occur due to its self-diffusion property.
- the ceramic mixture is suppressed to give durability of the protective layer itself.
- the palladium-based separator having such a feature is mainly composed of palladium alone or palladium-copper, palladium-silver, palladium-nickel, palladium-copper-nickel, palladium-gold, and palladium-ruthenium. Attention has been drawn to how to process them into thin films or coatings or foils.
- the present invention exemplifies and describes a dense separator having a protective layer by forming a cermet by coating a metal and a ceramic on the surface thereof using a separator coated with a thin film of palladium-based alloy as a model separator.
- the principle is applied to the same principle as the transition metal separator or the metal and ceramic mixture separator including the palladium alloy separator.
- the transition metal separator or a mixed separator of ceramic and metal has excellent performances in electron and proton conduction compared with a palladium separator, but requires a precious metal coating on the separator surface because of a low dissociation rate of hydrogen. Therefore, the coating of the noble metal-ceramic cermet protective layer according to the present invention can satisfy both effects simultaneously.
- the present invention relates to a separator protective layer in which a cermet is formed by coating a metal and a ceramic on a surface of a dense hydrogen separator in a reactor for producing hydrogen.
- the present invention relates to a separator protective layer in which a cermet is formed by coating a metal and a ceramic on the surface of the dense hydrogen separator in hydrogen purification.
- the ceramic component may be an oxide, a non-oxide, a nitride or a mixture thereof.
- the average diameter of the coating, the grown metal and the ceramic of the separator protective layer may be 5nm ⁇ 2 ⁇ m, the thickness of the layer may be 50nm ⁇ 3 ⁇ m.
- the porosity of the separator protective layer may be 5 to 50%.
- the separator protective layer is characterized in that the fine porous body.
- the microporous body may be composed of a columnar or particle stack or a mixture thereof (see FIG. 4).
- a palladium-based hydrogen separation membrane may be used, and the palladium-based hydrogen separation membrane may be coated with any one or more selected from palladium alone or a palladium-based alloy on the surface of the hydrogen separation membrane.
- the palladium-based alloy may be any one or more selected from palladium-copper, palladium-silver, palladium-nickel or palladium-copper-nickel, palladium-gold, palladium-ruthenium, and palladium-gadolium.
- the dense hydrogen separation membrane is characterized in that the coating on the porous support.
- the palladium-based hydrogen separation membrane is characterized in that the coating on the porous support.
- the dense hydrogen separation membrane is characterized in that the foil form.
- the cermet may have a columnar shape, and voids are formed between the columnar cermets, so that a part of the surface of the dense hydrogen separation membrane layer may be exposed.
- the cermet may have a columnar shape, and voids are formed between the columnar cermets, so that a part of the surface of the dense hydrogen separation membrane layer may be exposed.
- the present invention shows a method for producing a separator protective layer formed by the simultaneous coating of metal and ceramic on the surface of the hydrogen separation membrane of the reactor for producing hydrogen.
- the present invention shows a method for producing a separator protective layer formed by the simultaneous coating of metal and ceramic on the surface of the hydrogen separator membrane of the hydrogen purifier.
- the coating of the protective layer satisfies the object of the present invention even if the metal and ceramic are alternately repeatedly coated several times to grow to a certain height.
- the coating of the protective layer satisfies the object of the present invention even if the metal and ceramic mixture is coated on a continuous surface and some of the pores are formed to form pores.
- the hydrogen separation membrane is commonly used in the form of a thin film coated on a foil or a porous support.
- Idatech USA is developing Pd-Cu foil type membrane and module using it by milling / etching, while Mitsubishi Heavy Industries in Japan jointly developed module using foil type membrane in collaboration with Aidatech. There is.
- many universities in the United States and China are in the process of developing a separator by coating palladium on a porous support.
- the protective layer is coated on the surface of the dense hydrogen separation membrane to block contact with particulate contaminants or catalysts, the physicochemical modification of the separation membrane by the particulate phase which may be included in the gas in various processes using the hydrogen separation membrane or It can prevent destruction. Therefore, the competitiveness of the expensive separator may be enhanced, and the contamination of the separator by the reforming catalyst may be prevented by a compact process in which the catalyst layer and the separator are integrated.
- FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of a conventional reaction separation simultaneous process in which a reforming catalyst and a hydrogen separation membrane are linked.
- FIG. 2 shows a conceptual diagram of a hydrogen separator protective layer according to the present invention.
- Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the reaction separation simultaneous process linking the reforming catalyst and the hydrogen separation membrane according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 4A to 4D are photographs of the hydrogen separator protective layer coating according to the present invention, in which a Cu—Al 2 O 3 protective layer is formed on a surface of a palladium-based hydrogen separator.
- Figure 4a is a hydrogen separation membrane (surface)
- Figure 4b is a hydrogen separation membrane (cross section)
- Figure 4c is a membrane protective layer coating photo (surface)
- Figure 4d is a membrane protective layer coating photo (cross section).
- Figure 5 shows the hydrogen permeation performance of the palladium-based hydrogen separation membrane for each pressure at 400 °C after the coating of the protective membrane according to the present invention.
- a methane reforming reaction may be performed at a low temperature of 550 ° C. in a hydrogen separation membrane application.
- the space inside the hydrogen separation device 10 is separated into a reforming catalyst layer 22 and a hydrogen separation membrane 100. Therefore, the space of the hydrogen production / separation apparatus 10 is divided into the raw material side space 18 above the reforming catalyst layer 22 and the separation side space 20 below the separation membrane 100.
- the hydrogen separation membrane 100 is located near the reforming catalyst layer 22, the hydrogen separation membrane layer 104 is located, the hydrogen separation membrane layer 104 is fixed or coated on the surface of the membrane support (102).
- Methane (CH 4 ) and steam (H 2 O) are supplied to one side of the raw material side space (18) through a raw material supply pipe (12), and hydrogen (H 2 ) passing through the separation membrane through the remaining discharge pipe (14) on the other side. ) Is eliminated and the remaining carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) are released.
- the hydrogen discharge pipe 16 communicates with the separation side space 20, and the hydrogen H 2 separated through the hydrogen discharge pipe 16 is discharged.
- the hydrogen separation membrane 100 and the reforming catalyst layer 22 are configured to be as close as possible and at the same time to prevent mutual contact.
- the reforming catalyst layer 22 is crushed into fine powder by the vibration of the hydrogen separation device 10 may be deposited on the surface of the hydrogen separation membrane 104 may provide a cause of the loss of the separation membrane.
- a porous plate may be installed in the middle of the reforming catalyst layer 22 and the hydrogen separation membrane 100 to prevent contact between the catalyst layer and the hydrogen separation membrane, but the contact between the fine powder or particulate matter and the hydrogen separation membrane Full isolation comes with difficulty.
- the membrane protective layer 210 on the surface of the hydrogen membrane layer 204 to block contaminants contained in the gas, improve the durability of the membrane and affect the hydrogen permeation due to the membrane protective layer formed We want to minimize
- the contaminants are transferred to the separator even in a process (purification) that is not associated with a catalyst, by incorporation into the gas itself or by corrosion of the pipe upstream of the separator to the separator. Therefore, there is a need for a membrane protection method from these pollutants.
- the separator protective layer according to the present invention is selected from among a hydrogen molecule or a metal capable of simultaneously diffusing hydrogen atoms, and oxide ceramics (AlOx, SiOx, TiOx, ZrOx) or non-oxide ceramics (AlN, TiN, ZrN, SiC). Consist of one or more coatings in the form of a cermet.
- a porous layer may be formed by a simultaneous coating growth technique of a metal and a ceramic material.
- the separator protective layer may have a thickness of 50 nm to 3 ⁇ m on the surface of the hydrogen separator layer 204. At this time, the cermet of the coated metal and ceramic is formed as a mixed granulated cermet column 206, as shown in FIG.
- voids may be formed between the cermet columns 206. By such pores, a part of the surface of the dense hydrogen separation membrane layer 204 may be exposed. Through this, it is possible to increase the contact area between the gas and the surface of the hydrogen separation membrane layer or the surface of the cermet while improving the durability of the hydrogen separation membrane by blocking the contact between the particles (pollutant or catalyst) contained in the gas and the separation membrane.
- the growth of the columnar form of the cermet is not required, and even if some spherical forms are included, a microporous layer form that can achieve the object of the present invention is sufficient (FIG. 4D).
- the adhesive strength the more granular column types can be obtained than the coating of a large number of particle forms, it is possible to obtain a strong adhesive force.
- the separator protective layer is required to have an average diameter of the coating particles 206 of 10nm ⁇ 2 ⁇ m. Preferably a diameter in the range of 50 nm to 1 ⁇ m is required. More preferably, a diameter of 50 nm to 300 nm is required.
- the coating particles are firmly attached to the surface of the hydrogen separation membrane and at the same time, the surface area where hydrogen can freely move is increased, and the contact between the particulate contaminants and the hydrogen separation membrane can be excluded (see FIG. 3).
- the hydrogen separation membrane 204 and the reforming catalyst layer 42 are installed to be spaced apart or stacked at least apart so as to be close to the hydrogen separation membrane.
- any technique may be used as long as it is a technique capable of simultaneously growing a metal and a ceramic on the metal film surface.
- the desired purpose can also be achieved by subdividing the ceramic and the metal into fine multilayers and coating them alternately several times.
- FIGS. 4A-4D illustrate a surface and a cross section of the metal separator before coating the protective layer.
- 4C and 4D are surfaces and cross sections when a protective layer is coated in a cermet form with metal and ceramic on the surface of the metal separator.
- Figure 4d was observed by coating a protective layer on a silicon wafer easy to cut in order to observe the cross section of the separation layer.
- the coating layer is a thin film having a level of 600 nm, the diameter of the coating particles is 100 nm, and the uncoated space between the metal and the protective layer of the ceramic has very fine pores of several nanometers or less. Accordingly, the contact between the catalyst powder of the fine dust or the modified catalyst layer 42 and the hydrogen separation membrane layer 204 is completely blocked.
- hydrogen which is a gaseous state, moves and used a metal capable of surface-moving hydrogen atoms and molecules as a protective layer, hydrogen does not significantly affect the hydrogen permeation performance of the separator by surface-shifting the protective layer.
- Various methods may be used to coat metals and ceramics capable of surface-moving hydrogen molecules and hydrogen atoms on the metal surface.
- a sol-gel method may also be used.
- they are cracked or peeled off when coated on a plate surface having a very low surface roughness, such as a metal separator, so that complete shielding is impossible.
- the metal and the ceramic are grown to a diameter of 1 ⁇ m or less, preferably 300 nm or less, and more preferably 100 nm or less, the contact area of the coated particles is very small, and the metal and ceramic are present in the cermet form of the metal and the ceramic. Therefore, peeling due to thermal expansion can also be suppressed, which can serve as a membrane protective layer.
- nanoparticles when nanoparticles are coated in a multi-layer structure such as sol-gel or CVD, they are sintered in the form of a three-dimensional network during heat treatment to form a huge mass, which is very likely to peel off from the metal surface.
- Porous support was molded using a fine nickel powder having an average diameter of 2 ⁇ m, and heat-treated (900 ° C., 2 hours) in a hydrogen atmosphere to impart strength. The surface roughness was then adjusted to 100 nm or less by wet polishing. Palladium and silver were sequentially coated on the upper portion thereof (DC sputter) and heat-treated in a hydrogen atmosphere to prepare a coating film (2.5 ⁇ m thick) through which hydrogen was permeable (FIGS. 4A and 4B).
- Pd and ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 target on the surface of the hydrogen separator using a spatter (RF power) was coated for 30 minutes at the same time.
- the hydrogen separation membrane was subjected to plasma pretreatment for 10 minutes in an H 2 / Ar gas atmosphere before coating. Subsequently, the coating chamber pressure was vacuumed to 10 ⁇ 6 torr, followed by coating (20 mtorr).
- the coating As a result of the coating, it was grown (coated) in the form of a fine column as shown in Figs. 4c and 4d, the diameter thereof was about 100nm as shown in Fig. 4c.
- the cross section (D) of the protective layer was observed by coating a protective layer on a silicon wafer which is easily cut in order to observe the cross section of the separation layer well. The coating resulted in a coating layer of 600 nm level.
- the membrane protective layer should not significantly affect the performance of the membrane.
- since the hydrogen-molecule and the hydrogen atom is coated with a metal capable of surface movement as the separator protective layer, even if the protective layer is formed in the separator as shown in FIG. 5, the hydrogen permeation characteristics of the separator are not significantly affected.
- the high pressure unit module was used to measure the permeability of the membrane, and the pressure was measured at 400 ° C. As a result of measuring the hydrogen permeability up to a pressure difference of 16 bar before and after the separator, the separator coated with the protective layer showed little difference (up to 6%) from the separator before coating.
- the separator protective layer of the present invention can prevent physicochemical deformation and destruction of the separator by particulates that may be included in the gas in various processes using the hydrogen separator. Therefore, it is expected to enhance competitiveness by improving durability of expensive membranes, and in particular, the process in which the membrane and the catalyst are linked may provide a compact process in which the catalyst layer and the membrane are integrated to block the membrane contamination by the reforming catalyst itself. Therefore, there is industrial applicability.
- separator protective layer 206 cermet column
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Abstract
Description
Claims (7)
- 치밀질 수소분리막층의 표면에 수소분자 및 수소원자를 표면 이동시킬 수 있는 금속과 세라믹의 코팅으로 형성된 서멧(cermet) 형태의 분리막 보호층
- 제1항에 있어서, 분리막 보호층의 두께는 50㎚~3㎛, 보호층으로 코팅된 금속과 세라믹의 평균직경이 5㎚~2㎛를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막 보호층
- 제1항에 있어서, 분리막 보호층이 갖는 기공도는 5~50%를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막 보호층
- 제1항에 있어서, 세라믹 성분은 산화물계, 비산화물계, 질화물계 또는 이들의 혼합물을 사용할 수 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막 보호층
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 서멧은 컬럼형상을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막 보호층
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 서멧 사이에는 공극이 형성돼서, 상기 치밀질 수소분리막층의 표면의 일부가 노출되는 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막 보호층
- 치밀질 수소분리막층의 표면에 금속과 세라믹을 코팅하여 서멧을 형성시키는 단계를 포함하는 수소 분리막 보호층 제조방법.
Priority Applications (4)
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CN201280036364.4A CN103702748A (zh) | 2011-07-22 | 2012-07-20 | 氢分离膜保护层及其涂覆方法 |
US14/233,990 US9199204B2 (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2012-07-20 | Hydrogen-separation-membrane protection layer and a coating method therefor |
EP12817638.5A EP2735361B1 (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2012-07-20 | Hydrogen-separation-membrane protection layer and a coating method therefor |
JP2014521562A JP2014527460A (ja) | 2011-07-22 | 2012-07-20 | 水素分離膜の保護層およびそのコーティング方法 |
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KR1020110133914A KR101336768B1 (ko) | 2011-07-22 | 2011-12-13 | 수소 분리막 보호층 및 이의 코팅방법 |
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EP (1) | EP2735361B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP2014527460A (ko) |
KR (1) | KR101336768B1 (ko) |
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KR101471615B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-12-11 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 수소 분리막 및 그의 제조 방법 |
US11395988B2 (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2022-07-26 | Hydrogen Onsite, S.L. | Advanced double skin membranes for membrane reactors |
US10668429B2 (en) | 2017-07-12 | 2020-06-02 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Gas filtration structure and method for filtering gas |
AU2019280926A1 (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2021-01-28 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Separation membrane |
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CN111848182B (zh) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-06-14 | 贺州学院 | 一种容器内部陶瓷膜制备方法 |
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EP2735361A4 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
EP2735361A2 (en) | 2014-05-28 |
US9199204B2 (en) | 2015-12-01 |
EP2735361B1 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
WO2013015566A3 (ko) | 2013-04-04 |
KR20130011890A (ko) | 2013-01-30 |
JP2014527460A (ja) | 2014-10-16 |
CN103702748A (zh) | 2014-04-02 |
KR101336768B1 (ko) | 2013-12-16 |
US20140144322A1 (en) | 2014-05-29 |
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