WO2012039424A1 - フィルムコンデンサ用フィルムおよびフィルムコンデンサ - Google Patents
フィルムコンデンサ用フィルムおよびフィルムコンデンサ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012039424A1 WO2012039424A1 PCT/JP2011/071483 JP2011071483W WO2012039424A1 WO 2012039424 A1 WO2012039424 A1 WO 2012039424A1 JP 2011071483 W JP2011071483 W JP 2011071483W WO 2012039424 A1 WO2012039424 A1 WO 2012039424A1
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- tetrafluoroethylene
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001587 sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011076 sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940035048 sorbitan monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940071182 stannate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010558 suspension polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHWAGNWFJRJDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimagnesium distiborate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Sb]([O-])([O-])=O.[O-][Sb]([O-])([O-])=O FHWAGNWFJRJDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F214/18—Monomers containing fluorine
- C08F214/26—Tetrafluoroethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F14/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F14/18—Monomers containing fluorine
- C08F14/26—Tetrafluoroethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F214/18—Monomers containing fluorine
- C08F214/26—Tetrafluoroethene
- C08F214/262—Tetrafluoroethene with fluorinated vinyl ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C08L27/18—Homopolymers or copolymers or tetrafluoroethene
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/002—Details
- H01G4/018—Dielectrics
- H01G4/06—Solid dielectrics
- H01G4/14—Organic dielectrics
- H01G4/18—Organic dielectrics of synthetic material, e.g. derivatives of cellulose
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/002—Details
- H01G4/018—Dielectrics
- H01G4/20—Dielectrics using combinations of dielectrics from more than one of groups H01G4/02 - H01G4/06
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/33—Thin- or thick-film capacitors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C08J2327/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a film for a film capacitor and a film capacitor having high dielectric properties and electrical insulation properties, particularly improved electrical characteristics at high temperatures.
- VDF vinylidene fluoride
- a film-forming resin for a film capacitor film because of its high dielectric constant (Patent Literature). 1, 2). It is also known to blend various high dielectric complex oxide particles in order to achieve higher dielectric properties (Patent Documents 3 to 6).
- the VDF resin used in these film capacitor films has a large content of VDF units in order to utilize the high dielectric properties of the VDF resin.
- the present inventors have realized that it is necessary to further improve the electrical insulation properties, particularly the electrical characteristics at high temperatures, and have studied the improvement of the VDF resin itself, and have completed the present invention.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a film for a film capacitor having improved electrical insulation properties, particularly electrical characteristics at high temperatures, while maintaining a high relative dielectric constant of a VDF resin.
- the present invention relates to a film comprising a TFE resin (a1) containing vinylidene fluoride (VDF) units and tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) units in a range of 0/100 to 49/51 in terms of VDF units / TFE units (mole% ratio).
- TFE tetrafluoroethylene
- the present invention relates to a film for a film capacitor to be included as a forming resin (A).
- the TFE resin (a1) may further contain an ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit.
- TFE-type resin (a1) (A1-1) 55.0-90.0 mol% of TFE units, 5.0-44.9 mol% of VDF units, and formula (1):
- CX 1 X 2 CX 3 (CF 2 ) n X 4 (Wherein X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 are the same or different and all are H, F or Cl; n is an integer of 0 to 8, except TFE and VDF)
- CF 2 CF-ORf 1 (Wherein Rf 1 is an alkyl group or fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms) a TFE-VDF resin containing 0.1 to 0.8 mol% of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit; or ( a1-3
- the TFE resin (a1) preferably has a storage elastic modulus (E ′) at 170 ° C. of 60 to 400 MPa as measured by dynamic viscoelasticity.
- the film-forming resin (A) may contain a non-fluorine resin (a2) in addition to the TFE resin (a1).
- Preferred examples of the non-fluorine resin (a2) include at least one selected from the group consisting of a cellulose resin and an acrylic resin.
- the film for a film capacitor of the present invention may further contain inorganic oxide particles (B).
- inorganic oxide particles (B), (B1) inorganic oxide particles of one metal element of Group 2, Group 3, Group 4, Group 12 or Group 13 of the periodic table, or a composite of these inorganic oxides Those containing at least particles are preferred.
- Preferred inorganic oxide particles or these inorganic oxide composite particles (B1) are at least one selected from the group consisting of Al 2 O 3 , MgO, ZrO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , BeO, and MgO ⁇ Al 2 O 3. Examples of the particles include ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 .
- Examples of the inorganic oxide particles (B) include the following (B2) to (B5): (B2) Formula (B2): M 1 a1 N b1 O c1 (Wherein M 1 is a Group 2 metal element of the periodic table; N is a Group 4 metal element of the periodic table; a1 is 0.9 to 1.1; b1 is 0.9 to 1.1; c1 is 2.8.
- the film for a film capacitor of the present invention can be produced by an extrusion method.
- the present invention also relates to a film capacitor in which an electrode layer is laminated on at least one surface of the film for a film capacitor of the present invention.
- the electrical insulation is improved while maintaining a high relative dielectric constant.
- the film for film capacitor of the present invention comprises a film-forming resin (A) containing a TFE resin (a1) containing VDF units and TFE units in a range of 0/100 to 49/51 in terms of VDF units / TFE units (mole% ratio). Include as.
- the film-forming resin (A) contains a TFE-based resin (a1) containing VDF units and TFE units in the range of 0/100 to 49/51 in terms of VDF units / TFE units (mole% ratio). .
- the TFE resin (a1) used in the present invention has a high melting point because it contains many TFE units.
- the electrical properties at high temperatures can be improved, and a film can be produced by an extrusion method.
- the TFE resin (a1) may be a TFE homopolymer (TFE unit 100 mol%), but the VDF unit is included in the total of the VDF unit and the TFE unit from the viewpoint of effectively using the high dielectric property of VDF. It is preferable to contain 5 mol% or more, and it is preferable to contain 40 mol% or less.
- CF 2 CFCl
- CH 2 CFCF 3
- CH 2 CH-C 4 F 9
- CH 2 CH-C 6 F 13
- CH 2 CF-C 3 F 7
- CF 2 ⁇ CFCF 3 CH 2 ⁇ CF—C 3 F 6 H and the like
- CF 2 ⁇ CFCl CH
- CF 2 CF-OCF 3
- CF 2 CF-OCF 2 CF 2 CF 3 group consisting of Is preferable from the viewpoint that the mechanical strength of the TFE resin at high temperature is good.
- the TFE-VDF resin (a1-1) containing the ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit (1) represented by the formula (1) the TFE unit is 55.0 to 90.0 mol%, the VDF unit is 5 And a copolymer containing 0.1 to 44.9 mol% and 0.1 to 10.0 mol% of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit (1).
- TFE-VDF resin (a1-1) is a TFE unit of 55.0 to 85.0 mol% and a VDF unit of 10.0 to 44.9 in view of good mechanical strength at high temperature.
- the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (1) is CH 2 ⁇ CH—C 4 F 9 , CH 2 ⁇ CH—C 6 F. 13 and CH 2 ⁇ CF—C 3 F 6 H, at least one selected from the group consisting of 55.0 to 80.0 mol% of TFE units, 19.5 to 44.9 mol% of VDF units, A copolymer containing 0.1 to 0.6 mol% of ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit (1) is preferred.
- the TFE-VDF resin (a1-2) containing the ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit (2) represented by the formula (2) has a TFE unit of 55.0 to 90.0 mol% and a VDF unit of 9 A copolymer containing 0.2 to 44.2 mol% and 0.1 to 0.8 mol% of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit (2) is preferable from the viewpoint of good mechanical strength at high temperature.
- TFE-VDF resin (a1-2) is a TFE unit of 58.0 to 85.0 mol% and a VDF unit of 14.5 to 39.9 from the viewpoint of good mechanical strength at high temperature. And a copolymer containing 0.1 to 0.5 mol% of mol% and ethylenically unsaturated monomer units (2).
- the TFE-VDF resin (a1-3) containing both ethylenically unsaturated monomer units (1) and (2) has a TFE unit of 55.0 to 90.0 mol% and a VDF unit of 5.0-44.8 mol%, ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit (1) 0.1-10.0 mol% and ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit (2) 0.1-0.
- a copolymer containing 8 mol% is preferred from the viewpoint of good mechanical strength at high temperatures.
- TFE-VDF resin (a1-3) is a TFE unit of 55.0 to 85.0 mol%, a VDF unit of 9.5 to 44.8 mol% from the viewpoint of good mechanical strength,
- Examples include copolymers containing 0.1 to 5.0 mol% of ethylenically unsaturated monomer units (1) and 0.1 to 0.5 mol% of ethylenically unsaturated monomer units (2).
- TFE units from the viewpoint of good mechanical strength at high temperature, 55.0 to 80.0 mol% of TFE units, 19.8 to 44.8 mol% of VDF units, ethylenically unsaturated monomer units
- examples thereof include a copolymer containing 0.1 to 2.0 mol% of (1) and 0.1 to 0.3 mol% of ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit (2).
- the TFE unit is 58.0 to 85.0 mol%
- the VDF unit is 9.5 to 39.8.
- the TFE resin (a1) used in the present invention preferably has a storage elastic modulus (E ′) at 170 ° C. of 60 to 400 MPa as measured by dynamic viscoelasticity.
- E ′ storage elastic modulus
- the storage elastic modulus (E ′) is preferably 80 to 350 MPa, more preferably 100 to 350 MPa from the viewpoint of good processability for film formation.
- the storage elastic modulus (E ′) in the present invention is a value measured at 170 ° C. by dynamic viscoelasticity measurement, and more specifically, a dynamic viscoelasticity device DVA220 manufactured by IT Measurement Control Co., Ltd. has a length of 30 mm. , A value obtained by measuring a sample having a width of 5 mm and a thickness of 0.25 mm under the conditions of a tensile mode, a grip width of 20 mm, a measurement temperature of 25 ° C. to 250 ° C., a temperature increase rate of 2 ° C./min, and a frequency of 1 Hz.
- the TFE resin (a1) used in the present invention preferably has a melt flow rate (MFR) of 0.1 to 50 g / 10 min from the viewpoint of good film forming workability.
- MFR conforms to ASTM D3307-1 and uses a melt indexer (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.), and the mass of the polymer flowing out from a nozzle with an inner diameter of 2 mm and a length of 8 mm under a load of 297 ° C. and 5 kg per 10 minutes. (G / 10 min).
- the TFE resin (a1) used in the present invention preferably has a melting point of 180 ° C. or higher.
- a high melting point improves electrical characteristics at high temperatures, particularly dielectric characteristics.
- the melting point is more preferably 200 ° C. or more, and the upper limit is preferably 300 ° C., more preferably 250 ° C., particularly 220 ° C. from the viewpoint of workability.
- the melting point corresponds to the peak of the endothermic curve obtained by 2nd run by performing thermal measurement at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min according to ASTM D-4591 using a differential operation calorimeter RDC220 (manufactured by Seiko Instrument). Temperature.
- the TFE resin (a1) used in the present invention preferably has a thermal decomposition starting temperature (1% mass loss temperature) of 360 ° C. or higher.
- a more preferable thermal decomposition starting temperature is 370 ° C. or higher, and the upper limit is not particularly limited.
- the thermal decomposition start temperature is a temperature at which 1% by mass of the TFE resin subjected to the heating test using a differential / thermogravimetric measuring device (TG-DTA) decomposes.
- TG-DTA thermogravimetric measuring device
- the TFE resin (a1) used in the present invention can be produced according to conventionally known polymerization conditions by a conventionally known solution polymerization method, bulk polymerization method, emulsion polymerization method, and suspension polymerization method.
- the film-forming resin (A) may be used in combination with a non-fluorine resin (a2) in addition to the TFE resin (a1).
- non-fluorinated resin (a2) to be used in combination a cellulose resin and / or an acrylic resin is preferable from the viewpoint of good compatibility with the TFE resin.
- the non-fluorine resin (a2) When the non-fluorine resin (a2) is used in combination, the effect of reducing the temperature dependency of the dielectric loss of the TFE resin (a1), particularly the temperature dependency at a high temperature, is exhibited.
- cellulose resin examples include ester-substituted celluloses such as cellulose monoacetate, cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, cellulose acetate propionate, and cellulose acetate butyrate; celluloses substituted with ethers such as methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose. Etc. can be exemplified. Among these, cellulose acetate propionate and cellulose acetate butyrate are preferable from the viewpoint of good compatibility with the TFE resin.
- acrylic resin examples include polymethyl methacrylate and styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer. Among them, polymethyl methacrylate is preferable from the viewpoint of good compatibility with the TFE resin.
- the TFE resin (a1) and the non-fluorine resin (a2) are 90/10 to 99.9 / 0.1, more preferably 95/5 to 98/2.
- the inclusion by mass ratio is preferable from the viewpoint that the relative permittivity is large and the temperature dependence of dielectric loss at a frequency on the order of Hz is small.
- the film for a film capacitor of the present invention may further contain inorganic oxide particles (B).
- the inorganic oxide particles (B) that may be used in the present invention, the following inorganic oxide particles (B1) are preferably exemplified.
- Inorganic oxide particles of one metal element of Group 2, Group 3, Group 4, Group 12 or Group 13 of the periodic table, or these inorganic oxide composite particles examples include Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Y, Ti, Zr, Zn, and Al.
- oxides of Al, Mg, Y, and Zn are versatile and inexpensive, and have a volume. This is preferable from the viewpoint of high resistivity.
- At least one particle selected from the group consisting of Al 2 O 3 , MgO, ZrO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , BeO, and MgO ⁇ Al 2 O 3 is preferable from the viewpoint of high volume resistivity.
- ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 having a crystal structure is preferable because it has a large specific surface area and good dispersibility in the resin.
- the inorganic oxide particles (B) that may be used in the present invention, instead of the inorganic oxide particles (B1) or in addition to the inorganic oxide particles (B1), the following inorganic oxide particles (B2) to At least one of (B5) can be used. However, in the inorganic oxide particles (B2) to (B5), the inorganic oxide particles or the inorganic oxide composite particles (B1) are excluded.
- M 1 is a Group 2 metal element of the periodic table; N is a Group 4 metal element of the periodic table; a1 is 0.9 to 1.1; b1 is 0.9 to 1.1; c1 is 2.8.
- M 1 and N may each be a plurality of inorganic composite oxide particles: For example, Ti and Zr are preferable as the Group 4 metal element, and Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba are preferable as the Group 2 metal element.
- At least one particle selected from the group consisting of BaTiO 3 , SrTiO 3 , CaTiO 3 , MgTiO 3 , BaZrO 3 , SrZrO 3 , CaZrO 3 and MgZrO 3 is preferable from the viewpoint of high volume resistivity.
- the complex oxide (B3) specifically, magnesium stannate, calcium stannate, strontium stannate, barium stannate, magnesium antimonate, calcium antimonate, strontium antimonate, barium antimonate, magnesium zirconate, Examples thereof include calcium zirconate, strontium zirconate, barium zirconate, magnesium indium acid, calcium indium acid, strontium indium acid, and barium indium acid.
- (B4) Complex oxide particles containing at least three metal elements selected from the group consisting of Group 2 metal elements and Group 4 metal elements of the periodic table:
- specific examples of the Group 2 metal element of the periodic table include Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and the like.
- Specific examples of the Group 4 metal element of the periodic table include, for example, , Ti, Zr, Hf and the like.
- Preferred combinations of three or more selected from Group 2 metal elements and Group 4 metal elements of the periodic table include, for example, a combination of Sr, Ba, Ti, a combination of Sr, Ti, Zr, a combination of Sr, Ba, Zr, Ba, Ti, Zr combination, Sr, Ba, Ti, Zr combination, Mg, Ti, Zr combination, Ca, Ti, Zr combination, Ca, Ba, Ti combination, Ca, Ba, Zr combination, Ca, Ba, Ti, Zr combination, Ca, Sr, Zr combination, Ca, Sr, Ti, Zr combination, Mg, Sr, Zr combination, Mg, Sr, Ti, Zr combination, Mg, Ba, A combination of Ti, Zr, a combination of Mg, Ba, Zr and the like can be mentioned.
- composite oxide (B4) include strontium zirconate titanate, barium zirconate titanate, barium strontium zirconate titanate, magnesium zirconate titanate, calcium zirconate titanate, and barium zirconate titanate. Examples include calcium.
- Inorganic oxide composite particles of an oxide of a metal element of Group 2, 3, 4, 12, 12 or 13 of the periodic table and silicon oxide A composite particle of the inorganic oxide particles (B1) and silicon oxide, specifically, from 3Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 2SiO 2, 2MgO ⁇ SiO 2, ZrO 2 ⁇ SiO 2 and the group consisting of MgO ⁇ SiO 2 There may be mentioned at least one kind of particles selected.
- composite oxide particles such as lead zirconate titanate, lead antimonate, zinc titanate, lead titanate, and titanium oxide may be used in combination.
- the primary average particle diameter of the inorganic oxide particles (B) is preferably small, and so-called nanoparticles of 1 ⁇ m or less are particularly preferable. By uniformly dispersing such inorganic oxide nanoparticles, the electrical insulation of the film can be significantly improved with a small amount of blending.
- a preferable primary average particle diameter is 300 nm or less, further 200 nm or less, and particularly 100 nm or less. Although a minimum is not specifically limited, It is preferable that it is 10 nm or more from the surface of the difficulty of manufacture, the difficulty of uniform dispersion
- the primary average particle diameter is a value obtained by conversion from the BET method.
- These inorganic oxide particles (B) include those not intended to improve dielectric properties, such as inorganic oxide particles (B1), and ferroelectric (relative dielectric constant ( Inorganic oxide particles (B2) to (B5) having 1 kHz, 25 ° C.) of 100 or more).
- the inorganic oxide (B1) is not necessarily required to have a high dielectric property because it is intended to improve electrical insulation and thus volume resistivity. Therefore, even if Al 2 O 3 or MgO is used as one kind of general-purpose and inexpensive metal inorganic oxide particles (B1), the volume resistivity can be improved.
- the relative dielectric constant (1 kHz, 25 ° C.) of these one kind of metal inorganic oxide particles (B1) is less than 100, and further 10 or less.
- the blending amount may be small so that the effect of improving the dielectric property cannot be expected so much. From the viewpoint of particle size, it is also effective to use a material having a primary average particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less, which is difficult to uniformly disperse when mixed in a large amount.
- Examples of the inorganic material constituting the ferroelectric inorganic oxide particles (B2) to (B5) include composite metal oxides, composites thereof, solid solutions, sol-gel bodies, etc., but are not limited thereto. Absent.
- the inorganic oxide particles (B1) are contained in 100 parts by mass of the film-forming resin (A). Preferably they are 0.01 mass part or more and less than 20 mass parts. When the content exceeds 20 parts by mass, the electrical insulation (withstand voltage) tends to decrease, and it is easy to uniformly disperse the inorganic oxide particles (B1) in the film-forming resin (A). May not be.
- a more preferable upper limit is 8 parts by mass, and further 6 parts by mass. Moreover, when there is too little content, the electrical insulation improvement effect will not be acquired, therefore a more preferable minimum is 0.1 mass part, Furthermore, 0.5 mass part, Especially 1 mass part.
- the ferroelectric inorganic oxide particles (B2) to (B5) may be mixed in a relatively large amount.
- 10 mass parts or more and 300 mass parts or less can be illustrated with respect to 100 mass parts of film forming resin (A).
- the reinforcing filler is a component added to impart mechanical properties (tensile strength, hardness, etc.) and is a particle or fiber other than the inorganic oxide particles (B), such as silicon carbide and silicon nitride. And boron compound particles or fibers.
- Silica silicon oxide
- Silica may be blended as a processing improver or a reinforcing filler. However, from the viewpoint of the effect of improving insulation, the thermal conductivity is low, and the volume resistivity is greatly reduced particularly at high temperatures. Inferior to the inorganic oxide particles (B).
- the affinity improver is a compound other than the film-forming resin (A), and examples thereof include functional group-modified polyolefin, styrene-modified polyolefin, functional group-modified polystyrene, polyacrylimide, cumylphenol, and the like. You may include in the range which does not impair the effect of invention. In addition, it is more preferable that these components are not included from the point of the insulation improvement effect.
- the film for a film capacitor of the present invention can be formed into a film by an extrusion molding method, a compression molding method, a blow molding method or the like.
- Examples of the method for forming a film by the extrusion molding method include a method of melt-kneading the film-forming resin (A), further, if necessary, inorganic oxide particles (B) and other components (C), and extruding with a flat die. it can.
- a method of forming a film by compression molding for example, film-forming resin (A), if necessary, inorganic oxide particles (B), and other components (C) are melt-kneaded with a lab plast mill or the like, and heat The method of heat-compressing with a press etc. can be illustrated.
- a film-forming resin (A) for example, a film-forming resin (A), and if necessary, inorganic oxide particles (B) and other components (C) can be melt-kneaded and inflation-molded. .
- the film for film capacitor of the present invention can be produced, for example, by forming a coating composition containing, for example, a film-forming resin (A), and if necessary, inorganic oxide particles (B), other components (C) and a solvent (D). It can also be produced by coating to form a film and then peeling.
- a coating composition containing, for example, a film-forming resin (A), and if necessary, inorganic oxide particles (B), other components (C) and a solvent (D). It can also be produced by coating to form a film and then peeling.
- any solvent that dissolves the TFE resin (a1) and, if necessary, the non-fluorine resin (a2) can be used.
- the polar organic solvent for example, ketone solvents, ester solvents, carbonate solvents, cyclic ether solvents, and amide solvents are preferable.
- the total solid content concentration of the film-forming resin (A), inorganic oxide particles (B), and other optional components (C) is 5 to 30% by mass depending on the solvent (D). It is preferable that the coating operation is easy and the stability of the composition is good.
- the coating composition can be prepared by dissolving or dispersing each of these components in a solvent.
- the inorganic oxide particles (B) it is important to uniformly disperse the inorganic oxide particles (B) in the film-forming resin (A).
- the blending amount of the inorganic oxide particles (B) is small, it is easy to disperse relatively uniformly.
- a surfactant may be added to the coating composition in addition to using the affinity improver.
- surfactants cationic, anionic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants can be used as long as they do not impair electrical insulation.
- nonionic surfactants particularly polymer-based nonionics, can be used.
- a surfactant is preferred.
- the polymeric nonionic surfactant include polyoxyethylene lauryl ether and sorbitan monostearate.
- Coating methods for the coating composition include knife coating method, cast coating method, roll coating method, gravure coating method, blade coating method, rod coating method, air doctor coating method, curtain coating method, fakunrun coating method, kiss coating method Method, screen coating method, spin coating method, spray coating method, extrusion coating method, electrodeposition coating method, etc. can be used, but among these, operability is easy, film thickness variation is small, and productivity is excellent. From the point of view, a roll coating method, a gravure coating method, a cast coating method, particularly a cast coating method is preferable, and an excellent film for a film capacitor can be produced.
- the coating composition when the coating composition is cast on the substrate surface, dried, and then peeled off from the substrate, the resulting film is excellent in terms of high electrical insulation and high withstand voltage, and is thin and flexible. It is excellent in that it has
- the film for a film capacitor of the present invention thus obtained can have a film thickness of 250 ⁇ m or less, preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the lower limit of the film thickness is preferably about 2 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of maintaining mechanical strength.
- the present invention also relates to a film capacitor in which an electrode layer is laminated on at least one surface of the film for a film capacitor of the present invention.
- the structure of the film capacitor for example, a laminated type in which electrode layers and high dielectric films are alternately laminated (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 63-181411, 3-18113, etc.) or a tape-like high dielectric Winding type in which a body film and an electrode layer are wound (disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-262414 in which electrodes are not continuously laminated on a high dielectric film, or electrodes on a high dielectric film And the like disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-286514, etc.) are continuously laminated.
- a wound film capacitor that has a simple structure and is relatively easy to manufacture
- a wound film capacitor in which electrode layers are continuously laminated on a high dielectric film it is generally a high dielectric that has electrodes laminated on one side. Two films are rolled up so that the electrodes do not come into contact with each other. If necessary, the film is rolled and fixed so as not to be loosened.
- an electrode layer is not specifically limited, Generally, it is a layer which consists of conductive metals, such as aluminum, zinc, gold
- the vapor-deposited metal film is not limited to a single layer, and for example, a method of forming a semiconductor aluminum oxide layer on an aluminum layer to provide moisture resistance to form an electrode layer (for example, JP-A-2-250306) If necessary, it may be multilayered.
- the thickness of the vapor-deposited metal film is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 100 to 2,000 angstrom, more preferably 200 to 1,000 angstrom. When the thickness of the deposited metal film is within this range, the capacity and strength of the capacitor are balanced, which is preferable.
- the method for forming the film is not particularly limited, and for example, a vacuum vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, or the like can be employed. Usually, a vacuum deposition method is used.
- Vacuum deposition methods include, for example, the batch method for molded products, the semi-continuous method used for long products, and the air-to-air method.
- the semi-continuous method is the mainstay. Has been done.
- the semi-continuous metal vapor deposition method is a method in which after vapor deposition and winding of a metal in a vacuum system, the vacuum system is returned to the atmospheric system, and the deposited film is taken out.
- the semi-continuous method can be performed by the method described in Japanese Patent No. 3664342 with reference to FIG.
- the film surface can be subjected in advance to treatment for improving adhesive properties such as corona treatment and plasma treatment.
- the thickness of the metal foil is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 1 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 15 ⁇ m.
- the fixing method is not particularly limited, and for example, fixing and protecting the structure may be performed simultaneously by sealing with resin or enclosing in an insulating case or the like.
- the method for connecting the lead wires is not limited, and examples thereof include welding, ultrasonic pressure welding, heat pressure welding, and fixing with an adhesive tape.
- a lead wire may be connected to the electrode before it is wound.
- the opening may be sealed with a thermosetting resin such as urethane resin or epoxy resin to prevent oxidative degradation.
- the film capacitor of the present invention thus obtained has improved electrical insulation properties, particularly at high temperatures, while maintaining high dielectric properties.
- Aluminum is vapor-deposited on both sides of the composite film in a vacuum to prepare a sample. This sample is measured for its capacitance and dielectric loss tangent at frequencies of 100 Hz, 1 kHz, and 10 kHz at 30 ° C. and 90 ° C. using an impedance analyzer (HP4194A manufactured by Hewlett-Packard Company). The relative dielectric constant is calculated from each obtained capacitance.
- volume resistivity The volume resistivity ( ⁇ ⁇ cm) is measured at 90 ° C. in a dry air atmosphere at DC 300 V with a digital superinsulator / microammeter.
- CH 2 CHCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3 was simultaneously charged so as to be 1.21 parts by mass, and the system pressure was kept at 0.8 MPa.
- TFE / VDF / CH 2 CHCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3 was simultaneously charged so as to be 1.21 parts by mass, and the system pressure was kept at 0.8 MPa.
- the CF 2 CF 3 copolymer was washed with water and dried to obtain 10.4 kg of powder.
- melt kneading was performed at a cylinder temperature of 290 ° C. using a ⁇ 20 mm single screw extruder to obtain pellets.
- the pellet was heated at 150 ° C. for 12 hours.
- the obtained pellets had the following composition and physical properties.
- TFE / VDF / CH 2 CHCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3: 60.1 / 39.6 / 0.3 ( mol% ratio)
- Perfluoro (propyl) vinyl ether was simultaneously charged to 0.9 parts by mass, and the system pressure was maintained at 0.9 MPa.
- the polymerization was stopped when the added amount of the mixed gas monomer finally reached 8 kg, the pressure was released and the pressure was returned to atmospheric pressure, and the resulting TFE / VDF / perfluoro (propyl) vinyl ether copolymer was washed with water. And dried to obtain 7.5 kg of powder.
- melt kneading was performed at a cylinder temperature of 280 ° C. using a ⁇ 20 mm single screw extruder to obtain pellets. The pellet was heated at 150 ° C. for 12 hours.
- the obtained pellets had the following composition and physical properties.
- TFE / VDF / perfluoro (propyl) vinyl ether 65.5 / 34.3 / 0.2 (molar ratio) Melting point: 228 ° C MFR: 1.6 g / 10 min (297 ° C., 5 kg) Storage elastic modulus at 170 ° C. (E ′): 87 MPa Thermal decomposition start temperature (1% mass loss temperature): 383 ° C.
- CH 2 CHCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3 0.8 parts and perfluoro (propyl) vinyl ether were simultaneously charged to 0.3 parts, and the system pressure was kept at 0.8 MPa.
- the obtained pellets had the following composition and physical properties.
- TFE / VDF / CH 2 CHCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3 / perfluoro (propyl) vinyl ether: 59.8 / 39.9 / 0.2 / 0.1 (mole% ratio)
- Example 1 The pellet resin obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was molded by heat press at 250 ° C. to obtain a film having a thickness of 207 ⁇ m.
- Example 2 The pellet resin obtained in Synthesis Example 2 was molded by heat press at 250 ° C. to obtain a film having a thickness of 201 ⁇ m.
- Example 3 The pellet resin obtained in Synthesis Example 3 was molded by a heat press at 250 ° C. to obtain a film having a thickness of 202 ⁇ m.
- Example 4 After mixing 100 parts by mass of the pellet resin obtained in Synthesis Example 1 and 10 parts by mass of alumina (primary average particle diameter 100 nm), kneading at 250 ° C., molding by heat press at 250 ° C., thickness A 210 ⁇ m film was obtained.
- Example 5 100 parts by mass of the pellet resin obtained in Synthesis Example 1 and 20 parts by mass of barium titanate (primary average particle diameter 100 nm) were mixed and kneaded at 250 ° C., and then molded by heat press at 250 ° C., A film having a thickness of 215 ⁇ m was obtained.
- Comparative Example 1 A film for comparative film capacitor was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a VDF homopolymer (Neoflon VDF VP-832 manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.) was used as the film-forming resin.
- a VDF homopolymer Neoflon VDF VP-832 manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.
- the resin of the present invention has a particularly low dielectric loss tangent and a low frequency dependency.
- Example 6 Electrodes were formed by vapor-depositing aluminum on both surfaces of the film produced in Example 1 with a target of 3 ⁇ / ⁇ using a vacuum deposition apparatus (VE-2030 manufactured by Vacuum Device Co., Ltd.). A voltage-applying lead wire was attached to these aluminum electrodes to produce stamp-type (for simple evaluation) film capacitors.
- a vacuum deposition apparatus VE-2030 manufactured by Vacuum Device Co., Ltd.
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Abstract
Description
(a1-1)TFE単位を55.0~90.0モル%、VDF単位を5.0~44.9モル%、および式(1):
CX1X2=CX3(CF2)nX4
(式中、X1、X2、X3およびX4は同じかまたは異なり、いずれもH、FまたはCl;nは0~8の整数。ただし、TFEおよびVDFは除く)で示されるエチレン性不飽和単量体単位を0.1~10.0モル%含むTFE-VDF系樹脂;
(a1-2)TFE単位を55.0~90.0モル%、VDF単位を9.2~44.2モル%、および式(2):
CF2=CF-ORf1
(式中、Rf1は炭素数1~3のアルキル基またはフルオロアルキル基)で示されるエチレン性不飽和単量体単位を0.1~0.8モル%含むTFE-VDF系樹脂;または
(a1-3)TFE単位を55.0~90.0モル%、VDF単位を5.0~44.8モル%、式(1):
CX1X2=CX3(CF2)nX4
(式中、X1、X2、X3およびX4は同じかまたは異なり、いずれもH、FまたはCl;nは0~8の整数。ただし、TFEおよびVDFは除く)で示されるエチレン性不飽和単量体単位を0.1~10.0モル%、および式(2):
CF2=CF-ORf1
(式中、Rf1は炭素数1~3のアルキル基またはフルオロアルキル基)で示されるエチレン性不飽和単量体単位を0.1~0.8モル%含むTFE-VDF系樹脂
が好ましくあげられる。
(B2)式(B2):
M1 a1Nb1Oc1
(式中、M1は周期表の2族金属元素;Nは周期表の4族金属元素;a1は0.9~1.1;b1は0.9~1.1;c1は2.8~3.2である;M1とNはそれぞれ複数であってもよい)で示される複合酸化物粒子、
(B3)式(B3):
M2 a2M3 b2Oc2
(式中、M2とM3は異なり、M2は周期表の2族金属元素、M3は周期表の第5周期の金属元素;a2は0.9~1.1;b2は0.9~1.1;c2は2.8~3.2である)で示される複合酸化物粒子、
(B4)周期表の2族金属元素および4族金属元素よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも3種の金属元素を含む複合酸化物粒子、および
(B5)周期表の2族、3族、4族、12族または13族の金属元素の酸化物と酸化ケイ素との無機酸化物複合粒子
よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の高誘電性無機粒子(ただし、前記無機酸化物粒子またはこれらの無機酸化物複合粒子(B1)は除く)を少なくとも含んでいてもよい。
フィルム形成樹脂(A)は、VDF単位およびTFE単位をVDF単位/TFE単位(モル%比)で0/100~49/51の範囲で含むTFE系樹脂(a1)を含む。
CX1X2=CX3(CF2)nX4
(式中、X1、X2、X3およびX4は同じかまたは異なり、いずれもH、FまたはCl;nは0~8の整数。ただし、TFEおよびVDFは除く)で示されるエチレン性不飽和単量体単位、および/または
式(2):
CF2=CF-ORf1
(式中、Rf1は炭素数1~3のアルキル基またはフルオロアルキル基)で示されるエチレン性不飽和単量体単位を含んでいてもよい。
CH2=CF-(CF2)nX4
(式中、X4およびnは式(1)と同じ)、および式(4):
CH2=CH-(CF2)nX4
(式中、X4およびnは式(1)と同じ)
よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが、TFE系樹脂の機械的強度が良好な点から好ましい。
金属元素としては、Be、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Y、Ti、Zr、Zn、Alなどがあげられ、特に、Al、Mg、Y、Znの酸化物が汎用で安価であり、また体積抵抗率が高い点から好ましい。
M1 a1Nb1Oc1
(式中、M1は周期表の2族金属元素;Nは周期表の4族金属元素;a1は0.9~1.1;b1は0.9~1.1;c1は2.8~3.2である;M1とNはそれぞれ複数であってもよい)で示される無機複合酸化物粒子:
4族の金属元素としては、たとえばTi、Zrが好ましく、2族の金属元素としてはMg、Ca、Sr、Baが好ましい。
M2 a2M3 b2Oc2
(式中、M2とM3は異なり、M2は周期表の2族金属元素、M3は周期表の第5周期の金属元素;a2は0.9~1.1;b2は0.9~1.1;c2は2.8~3.2である)で示される複合酸化物粒子:
複合酸化物(B3)としては、具体的には、スズ酸マグネシウム、スズ酸カルシウム、スズ酸ストロンチウム、スズ酸バリウム、アンチモン酸マグネシウム、アンチモン酸カルシウム、アンチモン酸ストロンチウム、アンチモン酸バリウム、ジルコン酸マグネシウム、ジルコン酸カルシウム、ジルコン酸ストロンチウム、ジルコン酸バリウム、インジウム酸マグネシウム、インジウム酸カルシウム、インジウム酸ストロンチウム、インジウム酸バリウムなどがあげられる。
複合酸化物(B4)において、周期表の2族金属元素の具体例としては、たとえばBe、Mg、Ca、Sr、Baなどがあげられ、周期表の4族金属元素の具体例としては、たとえば、Ti、Zr、Hfなどがあげられる。
無機酸化物粒子(B1)と酸化ケイ素との複合体粒子であり、具体的には、3Al2O3・2SiO2、2MgO・SiO2、ZrO2・SiO2およびMgO・SiO2よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の粒子があげられる。
一次平均粒子径は、BET法から換算して得られる値である。
本発明において、高誘電性フィルムの電気絶縁性を向上させるためには、上記の特定のフィルム形成樹脂(A)と無機酸化物粒子(B)で充分であるが、そのほか、他の補強用フィラーや親和性向上剤などの添加剤を、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲内で含ませてもよい。
19F-NMR分析と、適宜、元素分析を組み合わせて決定する。19F-NMR分析は、NMR装置(Bruker-Biospin社製)を用い、測定温度をポリマーの融点+20℃とする。
デジタル測長機((株)仙台ニコン製のMF-1001)を用いて、基板に載せたフィルムを室温下にて測定する。
複合フィルムを真空中で両面にアルミニウムを蒸着しサンプルとする。このサンプルをインピーダンスアナライザ(ヒューレットパッカード社製のHP4194A)にて、30℃および90℃下で、周波数100Hz、1kHzおよび10kHzでの静電容量と誘電正接を測定する。得られた各静電容量から比誘電率を算出する。
デジタル超絶縁計/微小電流計にて、体積抵抗率(Ω・cm)を90℃、ドライエアー雰囲気下、DC300Vで測定する。
174L容積のオートクレーブに蒸留水51.0Lを投入し、十分に窒素置換を行った後、パーフルオロシクロブタン55.0kgを仕込み、系内の温度を35℃、撹拌速度200rpmに保った。ついでCH2=CHCF2CF2CF2CF2CF2CF313g、TFE4.97kgおよびVDF1.37kgを順次仕込んだ後、重合開始剤ジ-n-プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート(NPP)の50質量%メタノール溶液を140g添加して重合を開始した。重合開始と同時に酢酸エチルを156g仕込んだ。重合の進行と共に系内圧力が低下するので、TFE/VDF混合ガスモノマー(TFE/VDF=60.2/39.8モル%比)を仕込み、また、追加する混合ガスモノマー100質量部に対してCH2=CHCF2CF2CF2CF2CF2CF3を1.21質量部になるように同時に仕込み、系内圧力を0.8MPaに保った。最終的に混合ガスモノマーの追加仕込み量が11kgになった時点で重合を停止し、放圧して大気圧に戻した後、得られたTFE/VDF/CH2=CHCF2CF2CF2CF2CF2CF3共重合体を水洗、乾燥して10.4kgの粉末を得た。
TFE/VDF/CH2=CHCF2CF2CF2CF2CF2CF3:60.1/39.6/0.3(モル%比)
融点:218℃
MFR:1.7g/10min(297℃、5kg)
170℃における貯蔵弾性率(E’):153MPa
熱分解開始温度(1%質量減温度):372℃
174L容積のオートクレーブに蒸留水52.2Lを投入し、十分に窒素置換を行った後、パーフルオロシクロブタン39.1kgを仕込み、系内の温度を35℃、撹拌速度200rpmに保った。ついでパーフルオロ(プロピル)ビニルエーテル(CF2=CF-OCF2CF2CF3)0.34kg、TFE6.00kgおよびVDF1.08kgを順次仕込んだ後、重合開始剤ジ-n-プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート(NPP)の50質量%メタノール溶液を130g添加して重合を開始した。重合開始と同時に酢酸エチルを0.3kg仕込んだ。重合の進行と共に系内圧力が低下するので、TFE/VDF混合ガスモノマー(TFE/VDF=65.5/34.5モル%比)を仕込み、また、追加する混合ガスモノマー100質量部に対してパーフルオロ(プロピル)ビニルエーテルを0.9質量部になるように同時に仕込み、系内圧力を0.9MPaに保った。最終的に混合ガスモノマーの追加仕込み量が8kgになった時点で重合を停止し、放圧して大気圧に戻した後、得られたTFE/VDF/パーフルオロ(プロピル)ビニルエーテル共重合体を水洗、乾燥して7.5kgの粉末を得た。
ついでφ20mm単軸押出機を用いてシリンダー温度280℃で溶融混練を行い、ペレットを得た。このペレットを150℃にて12時間加熱した。
TFE/VDF/パーフルオロ(プロピル)ビニルエーテル:65.5/34.3/0.2(モル%比)
融点:228℃
MFR:1.6g/10min(297℃、5kg)
170℃における貯蔵弾性率(E’):87MPa
熱分解開始温度(1%質量減温度):383℃
174L容積のオートクレーブに蒸留水51.0Lを投入し、十分に窒素置換を行った後、パーフルオロシクロブタン55.0kgを仕込み、系内の温度を35℃、撹拌速度200rpmに保った。ついでCH2=CHCF2CF2CF2CF2CF2CF39g、パーフルオロ(プロピル)ビニルエーテル60g、TFE4.99kgおよびVDF1.37kgを順次仕込んだ後、重合開始剤ジ-n-プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート(NPP)の50質量%メタノール溶液を140g添加して重合を開始した。重合開始と同時に酢酸エチルを140g仕込んだ。重合の進行と共に系内圧力が低下するので、TFE/VDF混合ガスモノマー(TFE/VDF=60.0/40.0モル%比)を仕込み、また、追加する混合ガスモノマー100質量部に対して、CH2=CHCF2CF2CF2CF2CF2CF30.8部、パーフルオロ(プロピル)ビニルエーテルを0.3部になるように同時に仕込み、系内圧力を0.8MPaに保った。最終的に混合ガスモノマーの追加仕込み量が9kgになった時点で重合を停止し、放圧して大気圧に戻した後、得られたTFE/VDF/CH2=CHCF2CF2CF2CF2CF2CF3/パーフルオロ(プロピル)ビニルエーテル共重合体を水洗、乾燥して8.6kgの粉末を得た。
ついでφ20mm単軸押出機を用いてシリンダー温度290℃で溶融混練を行い、ペレットを得た。このペレットを150℃にて12時間加熱した。
TFE/VDF/CH2=CHCF2CF2CF2CF2CF2CF3/パーフルオロ(プロピル)ビニルエーテル:59.8/39.9/0.2/0.1(モル%比)
融点:221℃
MFR:1.8g/10min(297℃、5kg)
170℃における貯蔵弾性率(E’):123MPa
熱分解開始温度(1%質量減温度):377℃
合成例1で得られたペレット樹脂を250℃でヒートプレスにて成形し、厚さ207μmのフィルムを得た。
合成例2で得られたペレット樹脂を250℃でヒートプレスにて成形し、厚さ201μmのフィルムを得た。
合成例3で得られたペレット樹脂を250℃でヒートプレスにて成形し、厚さ202μmのフィルムを得た。
合成例1で得られたペレット樹脂100質量部と、アルミナ(一次平均粒子径100nm)10質量部とを混合して、250℃で混練した後、250℃でヒートプレスにて成形し、厚さ210μmのフィルムを得た。
合成例1で得られたペレット樹脂100質量部と、チタン酸バリウム(一次平均粒子径100nm)20質量部とを混合して、250℃で混練した後、250℃でヒートプレスにて成形し、厚さ215μmのフィルムを得た。
実施例1において、フィルム形成樹脂としてVDFの単独重合体(ダイキン工業(株)製のネオフロンVDF VP-832)を用いたほかは同様にして比較用のフィルムコンデンサ用フィルムを得た。
実施例1で製造したフィルムの両面に、真空蒸着装置((株)真空デバイス製のVE-2030)により3Ω/□を目標にしてアルミニウムを蒸着して電極を形成した。これらのアルミニウム電極に電圧印加用のリード線を取り付け、スタンプ型(簡易評価用)のフィルムコンデンサを作製した。
Claims (14)
- フッ化ビニリデン単位およびテトラフルオロエチレン単位をフッ化ビニリデン単位/テトラフルオロエチレン単位(モル%比)で0/100~49/51の範囲で含むテトラフルオロエチレン系樹脂(a1)をフィルム形成樹脂(A)として含むフィルムコンデンサ用フィルム。
- 前記テトラフルオロエチレン系樹脂(a1)が、さらにエチレン性不飽和単量体単位を含む請求項1記載のフィルムコンデンサ用フィルム。
- 前記テトラフルオロエチレン系樹脂(a1)が、テトラフルオロエチレン単位を55.0~90.0モル%、フッ化ビニリデン単位を5.0~44.9モル%、および式(1):
CX1X2=CX3(CF2)nX4
(式中、X1、X2、X3およびX4は同じかまたは異なり、いずれもH、FまたはCl;nは0~8の整数。ただし、テトラフルオロエチレンおよびフッ化ビニリデンは除く)で示されるエチレン性不飽和単量体単位を0.1~10.0モル%含む請求項2記載のフィルムコンデンサ用フィルム。 - 前記テトラフルオロエチレン系樹脂(a1)が、テトラフルオロエチレン単位を55.0~90.0モル%、フッ化ビニリデン単位を9.2~44.2モル%、および式(2):
CF2=CF-ORf1
(式中、Rf1は炭素数1~3のアルキル基またはフルオロアルキル基)で示されるエチレン性不飽和単量体単位を0.1~0.8モル%含む請求項2記載のフィルムコンデンサ用フィルム。 - 前記テトラフルオロエチレン系樹脂(a1)が、テトラフルオロエチレン単位を55.0~90.0モル%、フッ化ビニリデン単位を5.0~44.8モル%、式(1):
CX1X2=CX3(CF2)nX4
(式中、X1、X2、X3およびX4は同じかまたは異なり、いずれもH、FまたはCl;nは0~8の整数。ただし、テトラフルオロエチレンおよびフッ化ビニリデンは除く)で示されるエチレン性不飽和単量体単位を0.1~10.0モル%、および式(2):
CF2=CF-ORf1
(式中、Rf1は炭素数1~3のアルキル基またはフルオロアルキル基)で示されるエチレン性不飽和単量体単位を0.1~0.8モル%含む請求項2記載のフィルムコンデンサ用フィルム。 - 前記テトラフルオロエチレン系樹脂(a1)が、動的粘弾性測定による170℃における貯蔵弾性率(E’)が60~400MPaである請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のフィルムコンデンサ用フィルム。
- フィルム形成樹脂(A)が、前記テトラフルオロエチレン系樹脂(a1)と非フッ素系樹脂(a2)を含む請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のフィルムコンデンサ用フィルム。
- 非フッ素系樹脂(a2)が、セルロース系樹脂およびアクリル樹脂よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項7記載のフィルムコンデンサ用フィルム。
- さらに無機酸化物粒子(B)を含む請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のフィルムコンデンサ用フィルム。
- 前記無機酸化物粒子(B)が、(B1)周期表の2族、3族、4族、12族または13族の1種の金属元素の無機酸化物粒子、またはこれらの無機酸化物複合粒子を少なくとも含む請求項9記載のフィルムコンデンサ用フィルム。
- 前記無機酸化物粒子またはこれらの無機酸化物複合粒子(B1)が、Al2O3、MgO、ZrO2、Y2O3、BeOおよびMgO・Al2O3よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の粒子である請求項10記載のフィルムコンデンサ用フィルム。
- 前記無機酸化物粒子またはこれらの無機酸化物複合粒子(B1)が、γ型Al2O3である請求項10記載のフィルムコンデンサ用フィルム。
- 前記無機酸化物粒子(B)が、以下の(B2)~(B5):
(B2)式(B2):
M1 a1Nb1Oc1
(式中、M1は周期表の2族金属元素;Nは周期表の4族金属元素;a1は0.9~1.1;b1は0.9~1.1;c1は2.8~3.2である;M1とNはそれぞれ複数であってもよい)で示される複合酸化物粒子、
(B3)式(B3):
M2 a2M3 b2Oc2
(式中、M2とM3は異なり、M2は周期表の2族金属元素、M3は周期表の第5周期の金属元素;a2は0.9~1.1;b2は0.9~1.1;c2は2.8~3.2である)で示される複合酸化物粒子、
(B4)周期表の2族金属元素および4族金属元素よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも3種の金属元素を含む複合酸化物粒子、および
(B5)周期表の2族、3族、4族、12族または13族の金属元素の酸化物と酸化ケイ素との無機酸化物複合粒子
よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の高誘電性無機粒子(ただし、前記無機酸化物粒子またはこれらの無機酸化物複合粒子(B1)は除く)を少なくとも含む請求項9~12のいずれか1項に記載のフィルムコンデンサ用フィルム。 - 請求項1~13のいずれかに記載のフィルムコンデンサ用フィルムの少なくとも片面に電極層が積層されているフィルムコンデンサ。
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CN103119671A (zh) | 2013-05-22 |
EP2620963A1 (en) | 2013-07-31 |
KR20130081292A (ko) | 2013-07-16 |
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JP5003838B2 (ja) | 2012-08-15 |
US20130188293A1 (en) | 2013-07-25 |
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US9156930B2 (en) | 2015-10-13 |
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