WO2012025012A1 - 以乘客出行为导向的智能城市公共交通系统及其实施方法 - Google Patents

以乘客出行为导向的智能城市公共交通系统及其实施方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012025012A1
WO2012025012A1 PCT/CN2011/078101 CN2011078101W WO2012025012A1 WO 2012025012 A1 WO2012025012 A1 WO 2012025012A1 CN 2011078101 W CN2011078101 W CN 2011078101W WO 2012025012 A1 WO2012025012 A1 WO 2012025012A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
passenger
bus
server
management server
information
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/078101
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张宇康
Original Assignee
Zhang Yukang
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhang Yukang filed Critical Zhang Yukang
Priority to US13/819,040 priority Critical patent/US20130158846A1/en
Publication of WO2012025012A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012025012A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/123—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams
    • G08G1/127—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams to a central station ; Indicators in a central station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/123—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an urban public transportation system, in particular to an intelligent urban public transportation system guided by passenger behavior, and the invention also relates to an implementation method of the system. Background technique
  • the city's public transportation system operated by the city is generally composed of ordinary buses and subways (hereinafter referred to as buses) with fixed lines, and taxis without fixed lines.
  • buses ordinary buses and subways
  • taxis without fixed lines.
  • the static line design of public transportation is assisted by public transportation planning software.
  • This kind of public transportation planning software is based on a certain traffic passenger flow forecasting model and the actual traffic flow characteristics of the city. It can provide a basis for urban bus network and line setting to a certain extent, especially for cities with stable population and infrastructure.
  • cities with ever-changing cityscapes are difficult to accurately plan and predict.
  • the existing intelligent bus system model in China is basically: Vehicle positioning by vehicle GPS, and dynamic display and monitoring of bus vehicles on the large screen of the control center;
  • the control center can realize manual vehicle scheduling.
  • the prediction of vehicle arrival information is realized at the bus shelter.
  • the in-vehicle system can implement GPS-based arrival reminders and can communicate with the control center.
  • This model has already matured applications in some large-scale cities in China.
  • the control center can allocate the departure interval of the vehicle, and the passenger can know the arrival time of the vehicle more accurately.
  • this kind of intelligent public transport system is still only based on the improvement of static bus lines. It cannot fundamentally change the traditional defects mentioned above.
  • the response gap to passenger demand is essentially unsolvable. science.
  • the central dispatching command usually coordinates the vehicles in the same line, and the vehicles in the whole system cannot be mutually supported, and the overall coordinated scheduling of the network is realized. From a macro perspective, the changes in urban bus passenger flow are still unable to respond in time, and the basis for setting changes to the line cannot be clarified in a short period of time. Microscopically, passengers still have to passively adapt to existing The arrangement of the line, if there is no suitable line and site nearby, you need to transfer, it seems that the personalization is not enough. Therefore, the traditional bus planning software plus the intelligent bus system is still unable to provide quality services for bus passengers in large and medium cities.
  • taxis Another type of public transport in major cities is taxis. Although the taxi is completely dynamic for the passengers, the fitness is very high, but this is achieved by investing a large number of taxis. The number of taxis and the operating lines can't change with the peak of the regional passenger flow. Therefore, it is often difficult for passengers to find empty taxis during the peak hours of work. When the passenger flow is low, the taxi no-load rate is certain. The extent exists.
  • taxi companies In order to improve the operational efficiency of taxis, taxi companies generally build monitoring and management systems for car rentals and provide taxis to the community. The system realizes vehicle positioning through the vehicle GPS, and dynamically displays and monitors the rental vehicle on the large screen of the control center; the control center can try the taxis around the empty taxi according to the passenger position and the location of the taxi.
  • the main function of the taxi monitoring and management system is the supervision and management of the taxi operation.
  • the electric recruiting function is rarely used in reality. This is mainly because the number of taxi operations is relatively fixed, traffic peaks, few empty cars, taxi drivers are easy to find passengers, so they are not willing to respond to electric tricks; traffic trough, many empty cars, no passengers The necessary electric tricks, which led to the basic role of the electric move. So in general, the service and service between taxis and passengers is essentially based on an unclear forecast, and some degree of experience or luck to provide or obtain services, such a public transport system. It is naturally difficult to achieve high efficiency and high user satisfaction.
  • the public transportation system (including buses and taxis) cannot be high-quality and flexible to meet the needs of passengers. This is an important defect of the existing public transportation system. This defect makes bus construction seem to never meet the changing needs of the citizens, and the status quo of a city's roads also determines that it is impossible to accommodate a bus system that is too large. Summary of the invention
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a smart city public transportation system guided by passenger behavior, which is based on the passenger's travel demand, and dynamically dispatches each vehicle in the system to timely and accurately meet the passenger's needs. .
  • a smart city public transport system guided by passenger behavior characterized in that it comprises a bus onboard system for carrying passengers and controlling the bus onboard
  • the control center of the system operation, the bus onboard system and the control center are The line mode is connected, the control center is configured to receive a passenger input instruction, generate driving route information, and send the information to the bus vehicle system, and the bus vehicle system receives the driving route information and drives according to the driving route information,
  • the control center also reports the itinerary information to the passengers during the driving process of the bus vehicle system.
  • the control center includes a dispatch server, a web application server, a geographic information server, a bus trip management server, and a passenger trip management server, and the web application server is connected to the geographic information server, and receives the start and end points of the passenger input.
  • the geographic information server can read the geographic information data of the city, and perform a search according to the passenger instruction issued by the passenger, and the geographic information server is connected to the bus travel management server.
  • the geographic information server sends the result of the riding instruction search to the bus trip management server, and the bus trip management server receives the search result and returns a part of the line schedule that may meet the condition to the geographic information server, and the geographic information server pairs the driving route
  • the schedule is screened, the optimal schedule is selected, and the calculation is modified based on the schedule to form a new travel route schedule, and the dispatch server and the web should be respectively
  • the server, the geographic information server, the bus travel management server and the passenger travel management server are connected, and the dispatching server receives the new driving route schedule, extracts the loading and unloading site and time associated with the passenger, and then transmits the information to the web application server, and the passenger sees After getting on and off the station and time, the information of whether to take the ride is fed back to the dispatching server.
  • the dispatching server When the passenger confirms the ride, the dispatching server will make a final confirmation of the new route schedule and notify the bus travel management server and the passenger travel management server.
  • the bus onboard system receives the driving route information sent by the bus travel management server and travels according to the driving route information, and transmits the traveling coordinate position to the bus travel management server during the driving, and the passenger travel management server will travel information Send to passengers.
  • the urban intelligent interconnection public transportation system of the invention is centered on the needs of passengers, and the passenger's travel demand can be transmitted to the control center through the Internet and wireless internet (for example, mobile phones), and the control center can analyze the needs of each passenger, and the dynamic dispatching system Every vehicle. These vehicles are connected to the control center via a wireless network, and their running paths no longer use fixed preset routes.
  • the overall operating vehicles in the system can also be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of passengers, and can meet the needs of passengers in a timely and accurate manner.
  • the dispatching command of the control center is fully automated, without manual intervention.
  • Each bus in the public transportation system of the present invention has a unique number, and the number can always remain unchanged, but the route is not fixed, and the passenger knows which bus to take based on the bus number in the received text message.
  • the bus stops in the system using the number as the name, and each site has a unique number.
  • the docking station is located in the location setting. In addition to using the existing ordinary bus stops in the city, many independent docking stations can be added. Because the site facilities can be very simple, just write a number, so it can be set more densely in a city. In this way, passengers can use the nearest stop site to get on and off, saving walking time.
  • All the operating vehicles in the public transportation system of the present invention are all connected to the control center through the network to realize interconnection and transfer information.
  • dynamic running lines are generated in real time.
  • the control center can automatically and dynamically command the driving route of each vehicle, as well as the stopping station. It can take multiple passengers in different destinations at the same time. The passengers get on and off the vehicle and be personalized according to their needs.
  • each vehicle knows where there is a passenger who needs to take the bus, and whether it is suitable to pick up; the passenger also knows where and when which car is best.
  • the driving route is determined according to the current travel time, the passenger travel demand near the reasonable running line, the arrival demand of the existing passengers on the vehicle, the location of other vehicles in the system, the road conditions of the current road, etc., Fixed driving route, but completely managed.
  • the services of connected buses are like water and electricity. Passengers have the demand and will provide the services they deserve in a short period of time.
  • the whole system is flexible and the capacity is used to the maximum extent.
  • the bus onboard system includes a bus, a host, a display screen, and a positioning module
  • the host is connected to the control center, and is configured to receive a travel instruction sent by the control center, and display the travel through the display screen.
  • the positioning module is connected to the host, tracking and positioning the driving position coordinates of the bus, and transmitting the current position information of the vehicle to the control center through the host.
  • a method for implementing a smart city public transportation system guided by passenger behavior comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 The passenger wants to use the query terminal input URL to access the web application server of the control center from the starting point S to the end point T, and pass the query information S and T to the web application server;
  • Step 2 After receiving the query request, the web application server forwards the query request to the geographic information server.
  • Step 3 The geographic information server searches the geographic information database according to the query request, checks the two locations, and positions the two locations. Coordinates are sent to the bus trip management server;
  • Step 4 After receiving the location coordinate information, the bus trip management server will treat all the route schedules. Performing a search and returning the retrieved route schedule to the geographic information server;
  • Step 5 The geographic information server further filters the retrieved route schedule, selects a route schedule R, and then adjusts the schedule R to meet the passenger's ride requirements, and generates a new route schedule R', which will be new.
  • the line schedule R' is sent to the dispatch server;
  • Step 6 The dispatch server returns the line schedule R' to the web application server, the line schedule
  • R' includes the passenger's boarding stop and the estimated boarding time
  • Step 7 The web application server returns the search result to the passenger's inquiry terminal through the Internet, and appears on the query result interface for the passenger to confirm;
  • Step 8 After the passenger confirms, the web application server will receive the confirmed information
  • Step 9 The web application server notifies the dispatching server to inform the passenger that the ride has been confirmed;
  • Step 10 The dispatching server then notifies the bus travel management server to confirm that the route schedule is changed to R;
  • Step 11 The dispatching server also sends the passenger travel information to the passenger travel management server, and the passenger travel management server resends the relevant travel information to the passenger;
  • Step 12 During the driving process of the bus vehicle system, the positioning module tracks and locates the traveling position coordinates of the vehicle, and uploads the current position information of the vehicle to the bus travel management server of the control center through the host;
  • Step 13 The bus trip management server receives the coordinate position of the vehicle travel, and informs the next stop station of the bus vehicle system route and the estimated arrival time according to the travel request of R', and the information is displayed on the display screen of the bus vehicle system. Above, the driver drives to the next stop site as required;
  • Step 14 After the passenger arrives at the destination, the bus trip management server notifies the passenger of the trip management server that the passenger's trip ends, the corresponding passenger schedule can be closed, and the passenger trip management server closes and automatically saves the passenger schedule.
  • Step 15 After all the trips of the line are completed, the display of the vehicle system displays the prompt message from the bus trip management server, and the driver is confirmed to have reached the last stop site and ended the trip;
  • Step 16 After the driver confirms, the bus trip management server receives the confirmation message, closes the route schedule and saves the itinerary to the database. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following remarkable effects:
  • the present invention is a new type of automated urban transportation system for urban management.
  • the system takes passengers
  • the travel demand is the response center.
  • the passengers will submit the demand to the control center first, via the Internet, wireless Internet (such as mobile phone), call center; then the control center can reasonably dispatch a bus in the system to pick up and drop off passengers at the appropriate stop.
  • the Internet such as mobile phone
  • Each bus in the system of the present invention does not have a fixed driving route.
  • the current driving route of all buses is determined by the demand of the reserved passengers and the current location distribution of the bus in the system, and the running line is designed and released by the control center in real time. .
  • Each bus in the system of the present invention is connected to the control center via a wireless communication network, such as GPRS.
  • the next stop of each bus is not directly determined by the driver and the passenger on board, but is automatically generated in real time by the control center. The driver can obtain this information in advance through the display of the vehicle system.
  • Each bus in the system of the present invention can simultaneously transport a plurality of passengers of different destinations, control the central computer system to accurately grasp the required getting-off position of each passenger, and know the exact number of passengers at each station. At the same time, the system can flexibly control the number of passengers on the vehicle to reach the preset capacity and the optimal driving route.
  • Passengers can receive the prompt message sent by the system before and after getting on the bus, so that they can get ready to get on and off.
  • Each bus in the system of the present invention has a unique number, and each number does not represent a certain line direction.
  • Each bus stop in the system also has a unique number, in addition to the city's existing ordinary bus stop, you can also add a number of independent docking stations. Because the site facilities can be very simple, you only need to write a number to write, so you can set them more densely.
  • the authorized management personnel of the control center of the present invention can manually set the scheduling system through the monitoring management workstation, and manual setting can affect the scheduling arrangement of the scheduling server.
  • manual setting by manual setting, with the assistance of the dispatching server, some or all of the bus vehicles can be automatically scheduled in batches to achieve intelligence.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a smart city public transportation system of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of a bus vehicle system in the smart city public transportation system of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an implementation of the smart city public transportation system of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a walking road diagram of a bus-vehicle system in the smart city public transportation system of the present invention. detailed description
  • a smart city public transportation system guided by passenger behavior which includes a bus onboard system for carrying passengers and a control center for controlling the operation of the bus onboard system, a bus onboard system and The control center is connected in a wireless manner, and the control center is configured to receive a passenger input command, generate driving route information, and send the information to the bus vehicle system, and the bus vehicle system receives the driving route information and drives according to the driving route information, and the control center The travel information is also fed back to the passengers during the driving process of the bus vehicle system.
  • the control center includes a dispatch server, a web application server, a geographic information server, a bus trip management server, and a passenger trip management server, and the web application server is connected to the geographic information server, and receives a ride instruction of the start point and the end point input by the passenger and The command is transmitted to the geographic information server, the geographic information server can read the geographic information data of the city, and search according to the passenger's driving instruction, the geographic information server is connected with the bus travel management server, and the geographic information server searches for the riding instruction.
  • the result is sent to the bus trip management server, the bus trip management server receives the search result and returns a part of the route schedule that may meet the condition to the geographic information server, and the geographic information server filters the travel route schedule to select the optimal a schedule, and based on the itinerary, to modify the operation, to form a new travel route schedule, the dispatch server and the web application server, geographic information server, public transport
  • the vehicle trip management server is connected to the passenger trip management server. After receiving the new travel route schedule, the dispatch server extracts the pick-up and landing site and time associated with the passenger and then transmits it to the web application server. After the passenger sees the pick-up site and time, The information on whether to ride is fed back to the dispatching server.
  • the dispatching server When the passenger confirms the ride, the dispatching server will make a final confirmation of the new route schedule and notify the bus travel management server and the passenger travel management server, and the bus vehicle system receives the bus.
  • the travel route information sent by the trip management server is traveled according to the travel route information, and the traveled coordinate position is transmitted to the bus trip management server during the running, and the passenger trip management server transmits the trip information to the passenger.
  • the inquiring terminal of this embodiment refers to a passenger accessing a computer through a computer or a mobile phone, using a system service website, registering, inquiring a suitable bus, and making an appointment.
  • Passengers can also call the system's call center via a mobile phone or landline telephone, and the call center's operator can search and make appointments.
  • the system will send the passenger arrival information, the arrival and departure information, etc. to the passenger by SMS.
  • the bus onboard system in this embodiment includes a bus, a host, a display screen, and a positioning module, and the host and the control center are connected to receive a travel instruction sent by the control center, and The process is displayed to the driver through the display screen, and the positioning module is connected to the host computer to track and locate the driving position coordinates of the bus, and the current position information of the vehicle is sent to the control center through the host.
  • the host can realize GPS positioning, GPRS data transmission, and has a speaker.
  • the display is used to display the scheduling commands of the control center.
  • the uplink function of the bus vehicle system is embodied in: Every two seconds, the vehicle system transmits the positioning coordinates of the current vehicle to the bus travel management server of the monitoring center through GPRS, so that the monitoring center can grasp the actual position of each bus at any time.
  • the function of the in-vehicle system receiving the downlink information of the control center is as follows: Generally, when a bus arrives at a docking station, the bus trip management server sends the next designated docking station information to the in-vehicle system. The on-board system display will show the new next stop and the scheduled arrival time.
  • the dispatching server decides to change the next stop site of the in-transit bus according to the user's demand, it will notify the bus trip management server, and the latter will set a new stop site information and the scheduled arrival time to go down in time. Give the onboard system on the designated bus. If the in-vehicle system receives an instruction to change the next stop site while the bus is in transit, the on-board system display will display new stop site information, and the host speaker will prompt the driver to receive a new stop command in ringing mode, 10 seconds later. Automatically stops ringing.
  • the communication network between the query terminal and the control center is wired or wireless Internet; the communication network between the system center and the bus vehicle system is a wireless communication network.
  • the GPRS network running data service can be used, and the future can be upgraded to Use 3G wireless networks such as WCDMA, and even 4G wireless networks.
  • the control center in this embodiment centers on the dispatch server, analyzes the passenger's reservation request, communicates with other control center servers to obtain necessary information, and cooperates to automatically schedule the vehicle to respond to the passenger's request. It includes a web application server, a passenger trip management server, a bus trip management server, a driver task management server, a vehicle task management server, a geographic information server, a database server, and a monitoring management workstation.
  • the control center also has a database, which includes a database of public sites, a passenger database, a bus database, a driver database, a line travel history database, and a geographic information database.
  • the control center is the core of the entire public transportation system, and the dispatching server plays the role of coordinating other servers to perform vehicle dispatching work in the control center.
  • the bus stop station and estimated arrival time of the bus in the system are finally determined by the dispatching server.
  • the control center uses a local area network to connect various servers.
  • the dispatching server can communicate with other servers to know the current location of all vehicles and the subsequent stop-to-stop sites. After the passengers request travel, they can determine which one to transfer by interacting with the geographic information server. Bus It is most appropriate to determine the possible stop location and estimated arrival time (ie, the passenger's pick-up location and time) for the bus, and to re-determine possible changes in all subsequent stops.
  • the information is forwarded to the corresponding function server and then forwarded to the bus vehicle system and the passenger phone.
  • the control center authorizes the management personnel to manually set the scheduling system through the monitoring management station. Manual setting can affect the scheduling of the scheduling server. In some emergency situations, some or all of the bus vehicles can be automatically scheduled in batches by manual setting and with the assistance of the dispatching server.
  • the web application server accesses the Internet and runs the www website.
  • the main function is to respond to the passenger's inquiry, pass the passenger's car demand to the dispatch server, and return the operation result of the dispatch server to the passenger.
  • passengers can log in to the Internet with their computers or log in to the Internet using their mobile phones. You can visit the website, submit your car needs, and get directions.
  • Passengers can also dial the system call center with a fixed line or mobile phone. The call center can connect to the Internet. Agents can also use the computer to access the website via the Internet to make inquiries and reservations on behalf of passengers.
  • the web application server is also connected to the passenger database. Passengers can fill in the mobile phone number and other information through the website, and can also personalize the settings. The passenger database will save the information and settings.
  • the geographic information server can read the geographic information database of the city where the current connected bus service is located, and perform spatial topology calculation.
  • the main functions are:
  • the geographic information server can determine whether the passenger's origin and destination exist and their coordinates;
  • the bus travel management server periodically sends the real-time coordinates of a bus, and the geographic information server can determine the road segment where the bus is located, and calculate the estimated arrival time of each subsequent stop site;
  • the geographic information server can spatially analyze multiple route schedule information and passenger demand, select a possible route to make reasonable adjustments, so that passengers can at the right time and Get off and board at the stop.
  • the passenger itinerary management server provides full reminder and guide services for passengers who have confirmed the needs of the car, and connects to the SMS sending center.
  • the server maintains a passenger schedule for each passenger in the service.
  • the table includes information such as: passenger number, passenger's mobile number, pick-up and drop-off station number and estimated arrival time, departure point, destination, vehicle number , vehicle line schedule number. The table was originally scheduled
  • the server generates and passes it to the passenger itinerary management server.
  • the passenger travel management server is notified to change the on-and-off position number and time information of the watch, and if necessary, pass in time.
  • the SMS Center sends the change information to the passenger's mobile phone.
  • the bus travel management server is responsible for notifying the passenger travel management server to change the table up and down.
  • the bus When the bus is about to arrive at the pick-up point or the drop-off point, it will also send a reminder message to the passenger through the SMS center in time. After the completion of each passenger's complete trip, the corresponding passenger schedule will be automatically recorded and saved by the passenger travel management server, and then all passenger travel schedules for the day will be uploaded to the database server every day.
  • the bus trip management server is used to maintain the real-time line schedule of each bus in the service city.
  • the real-time route schedule of a bus including the current coordinate point of the vehicle, the coordinate points that have passed, the number of all stations that have been docked, the road segment, coordinates and arrival time; and all subsequent stop site numbers, the road segments where they are located, Coordinates and the latest estimated arrival time.
  • the line schedule is originally from the dispatch server and is constantly updated. The update comes from: Bus schedule management server timing (generally two-second interval) Receives the positioning coordinate information uploaded by each bus vehicle system via the wireless network (here the wireless network generally refers to the GPRS network), and will receive the coordinates immediately.
  • the latter can determine the current estimated time of arrival of each bus and the subsequent expected arrival time of each stop, and return to the former. If the bus trip management server finds that the estimated arrival time has changed, the line schedule information is updated; and the passenger travel management server is notified to modify the information of the passenger schedule. On the other hand, the dispatching server may perform a process on a line schedule at any time, changing the remaining line direction or docking the station. If the bus schedule management server receives the instruction to change the subsequent stop site of the dispatch server, it will update the subsequent stop site number, the road segment, coordinates, and the latest estimated arrival time according to the latest information.
  • the bus trip management server In addition to receiving the uplink positioning coordinate information from the bus on-board system, the bus trip management server also assigns the next stop site information and estimated arrival time to each bus. Generally, when a bus arrives at a docking station, the bus trip management server sends the next designated docking station information to the in-vehicle system. The onboard system display will show the new next stop site number and the scheduled arrival time. The driver will follow the instructions to the new stop. In another case, the bus The car trip management server will also down the new stop site information while the bus is in transit: If the dispatch server decides to change the next stop site of a transit bus according to the user's needs, it will notify the bus trip management server. The newly determined next stop site information and the scheduled arrival time are timely transmitted to the on-board system on the designated bus via the GPRS network and displayed on the display, and the driver will drive to the new stop site as required.
  • a complete line schedule includes the trip number, vehicle number, driver name, job number, start time, end time, coordinates of each coordinate point recorded along the way, time; and the number, road and arrival time of each stop site.
  • the bus trip management server uploads all the line schedules of the day to the database server every day at zero.
  • the control center also includes a driver task management server and a vehicle task management server.
  • the function of the driver task management server and the vehicle task management server is to issue a new vehicle or a driver to join when the vehicle and the driver are in an idle state.
  • the task is assigned and released to the idle vehicle or the driver in time, that is, the task is assigned to the vehicle or the driver.
  • the two servers will not interfere more with their follow-up work.
  • the driver task management server is responsible for task assignment management for drivers belonging to a city connected bus system, including scheduling and releasing tasks for drivers currently in the state of waiting for a mission, and driving for vehicles that have received the mission. Conduct tracking management.
  • the server maintains real-time information about each driver's current location, working status, line schedule number, and amount of tasks completed on the day.
  • the dispatch server needs to access the driver task management server to propose when and where to arrange the dispatch task, and the latter arranges the corresponding driver and returns to the dispatch server for confirmation. After the dispatching server confirms, the new line schedule will be sent to the bus trip management server to start real-time tracking.
  • the dispatching server notifies the driver task management server, sends the task to the driver through the short message center, and drives the driver.
  • the current status of the member is set to the status of the vehicle performing the task.
  • the message also comes with a task number. After the driver gets on the bus, the driver will enter the number with the keyboard of the vehicle system to start the task of getting out. After the driver completes the task, the server will update his status.
  • the vehicle task management server is responsible for task and state management of vehicles belonging to a city interconnected bus system, including dispatching tasks to vehicles currently in the waiting mission state, and tracking and managing vehicles in the passenger operating state.
  • the server maintains the current location of each bus, the working status, the line schedule number of the line, and the mileage of the day.
  • the dispatch server is initially generating a brand new After the line journey, the vehicle task management server needs to be accessed, and it is required at what time and at what position to arrange the delivery task, and the latter arranges the corresponding vehicle and returns to the dispatching server for confirmation. After confirmation, the vehicle task management server will set the vehicle to an operational state. After the vehicle task is completed, the server will update its status.
  • the database server mainly stores a plurality of databases of the system, including a passenger database, a bus database, a driver database, a line itinerary history database, and a passenger schedule history database.
  • the geographic information database and the bus site database are stored in the geographic information server.
  • the database server database is managed and maintained by the control center staff through the monitoring management workstation.
  • monitoring management workstation There are two main function modules of the monitoring management workstation. One is to monitor the operation of the entire system, and the other is database information maintenance and statistics.
  • Monitor the operation of the system that is, the current and subsequent running lines of each bus in operation, the stopping station, the passenger situation of each passenger, and the driver information is reflected on the monitoring screen.
  • the operation of the system that is, the current and subsequent running lines of each bus in operation, the stopping station, the passenger situation of each passenger, and the driver information is reflected on the monitoring screen.
  • the system-designated administrator can influence the scheduling of the dispatching server and implement manual dispatching. For example, if a road section suddenly has an accident, the administrator can set the road section to be unreachable through the monitoring management station, the dispatching server will record the setting, and will send the information to the bus travel management server, which will find out The involved line, the original boarding point on the road section is recalculated with the aid of the geographic information server, modified to stop at other adjacent road sections, and the road section closed information is transmitted to the relevant bus vehicle system, on the display screen. The display prompts the driver to bypass the road segment.
  • the dispatching server coordinates the bus travel management server and the geographic information server to avoid setting the getting-off point on the road section.
  • the monitoring management workstation can also set various operational parameters of the dispatching server to achieve optimal operational efficiency; it can also manage other servers in the control center.
  • the monitoring management station can also perform database information maintenance and perform statistical functions.
  • the control center staff can read the passenger database, bus database and driver database of the database server through the monitoring management workstation, and can perform daily management of passengers, buses and driver data, including maintenance and update of basic information;
  • the management workstation reads the bus site database of the geographic information server, and performs daily management of the bus site data, including maintenance and update of the basic information.
  • the information of the statistical function is derived from the passenger schedule and the line schedule of the passenger schedule management server and the bus schedule management server that are regularly uploaded to the database server on a daily basis.
  • the statistical manager can select some or all passengers according to the needs to conduct statistical analysis on the daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly and annual basis, showing the time distribution of the statistical object usage service and the statistical distribution of the destination. Situation, and form a report.
  • the statistical manager can select some or all of the buses according to the needs to conduct statistical analysis on the daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, and annual schedules, and display the running time and time distribution of the statistical objects to provide services. , through the docking station statistical distribution, and form a report.
  • the statistical manager can also select some or all bus drivers as needed, and perform statistical analysis on the daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, and annual performances to show the length of time and time distribution of the statistical objects.
  • the statistical distribution of the driving segments and the punctuality rate situation and form a report.
  • a method of implementing a smart city public transportation system guided by passenger behavior is based on the case that Mr. Li wishes to go from S to T, which includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Passenger Mr. Li wants to go from S to T. He uses the inquiry terminal, that is, the personal computer to connect to the Internet, and enters the URL to access the web application server of the control center where the system website of the present invention is located. He uses his user name to log in to the website. If the username exists, presenting a query interface by which the origin (S) and the destination (T) are input, and the S and T are passed to the web application server;
  • Step 2 After receiving the query request, the web application server forwards the query request to the geographic information server.
  • Step 3 The geographic information server searches the geographic information database according to the query request, checks the two locations, and positions the two locations. Coordinates are sent to the bus trip management server;
  • Step 4 After receiving the location coordinate information, the bus trip management server searches all the route schedules, and returns the retrieved route schedule to the geographic information server;
  • Step 5 The geographic information server further filters and calculates the retrieved route schedule, selects a route schedule R, and then makes a preliminary adjustment to the schedule R in accordance with Mr. Li's ride request to generate a new route schedule R'.
  • the specific process of the geographic information server making a preliminary adjustment to the line schedule R is as follows: As shown in FIG. 3, the bus numbered 100 is now in the position A in the figure, and the line schedule R meets the following conditions: There are several determined stops Site Ml... Mn. Among the journeys from M5 to M6, the bus can reasonably pass through a station N1 that was not docked, and the walk between N1 and S can be easily reached.
  • the geographic information server will then make a preliminary adjustment to R, adding stops to stations N1 and N2. This new line schedule is R'.
  • the geographic information server sends R' to the dispatch server to wait for it to do the initial Step confirmation
  • Step 6 After the initial confirmation of the dispatching server, the line itinerary R' is returned to the web application server, and the line itinerary R' includes Mr. Li's boarding and landing stop and the estimated boarding time;
  • Step 7 The web application server returns the search result to Mr. Li's query terminal via the Internet, that is, Mr. Li's computer appears on the query result interface, and confirms it;
  • Step 8 After the user clicks the confirmation on the interface, the web application server will receive the confirmation information.
  • Step 11 The dispatching server also sends the passenger travel information to the passenger travel management server, and generates and delivers a passenger travel schedule, which is maintained by the passenger travel management server, and the passenger travel management server sends the relevant travel information to the passenger. Provide full reminders and guides to the passengers.
  • the information included in the itinerary includes: passenger number, passenger's mobile number, up and down location number and estimated arrival time, departure point, destination, vehicle number, and vehicle route itinerary number;
  • Step 12 During the driving process of the bus vehicle system, for example, after reaching M5, the positioning module tracks and locates the driving position coordinates of the No. 100 bus, and uploads the current location information of the No. 100 bus to the bus of the control center through the host. Management server;
  • Step 13 After the bus trip management server knows that the bus No. 100 has arrived at the information of the station M5, it immediately informs the next stop station N1 of the vehicle system, and the estimated arrival time. The information will be displayed on the display of the vehicle system. On the screen, the driver will follow the information to N1;
  • Step 14 The passenger itinerary management server sends a text message 10 minutes before the estimated time of arrival at N1 on the 100th. Mr. Li can proceed from S to N1 and wait for bus No. 100. After Mr. Li gets on the N1, the passenger itinerary management server is at 100. Five minutes before the estimated time of arrival at N2, a text message was sent to inform Mr. Li that he was ready to get off the bus. After arriving at N2 on the 100th, Mr. Li got off the bus;
  • Step 15 After bus No. 100 arrives at N2, the vehicle host will upload the coordinate position of bus No. 100 to the bus travel management server of the control center;
  • Step 16 The bus trip management server knows that the number 100 has arrived at the station N2 through the coordinate comparison method, according to the R's travel request, and then immediately informs the vehicle system of the next stop station M10, and Estimated arrival time, the information will be displayed on the display of the vehicle system, the driver will follow the information to the next stop site M10;
  • Step 17 The bus trip management server then informs the passenger of the trip management server. After Mr. Li's journey ends, the corresponding passenger schedule can be closed, and the passenger trip management server closes and automatically saves the passenger schedule when notified;
  • Step 18 After arriving at the last stop of the schedule R', after all the trips of the line are completed, the display of the bus system management server appears on the display of the vehicle system, and the driver is confirmed to have reached the last stop site and ended the trip;
  • Step 19 The driver clicks the confirmation button of the onboard system keyboard, the bus trip management server receives the confirmation message, closes the line itinerary R' and automatically saves the itinerary to the database;
  • Step 20 The bus trip management server notifies the driver task management server and the vehicle task management server, and the latter two sets the state of the driver and the number 100 bus to the standby state.

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Description

以乘客出行为导向的智能城市公共交通系统及其实施方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种城市公共交通系统， 具体是指一种以乘客出行为导向的智能 城市公共交通系统， 本发明同时还涉及该系统的实施方法。 背景技术
目前城市运营的市内公共交通系统一般主要由运行线路固定的普通公共汽车 和地铁（以下简称公交）， 以及没有固定运行线路的出租车组成。该系统的设计中， 没有考虑如何通过实时获取乘客的实际乘车需求， 来动态合理安排绝大部分的运 力。 在公交比较发达的城市， 公交的静态线路设计， 是由公交规划软件来辅助实 现的。 这种公交规划软件， 是基于一定的交通客流预测模型和城市实际交通流量 特点进行运算， 能够从一定程度上为城市公交网络及线路设置提供依据， 特别是 对于人口和基础设施稳定的城市比较适用； 但对于流动人口多， 市容日新月异的 城市就很难准确规划和预测了。 而中国正处于城市化的阶段， 总体来说大中型城 市市容都是变化很快的， 人口流动性也很大。 所以目前公交规划软件在实际应用 中， 效果并不好， 无论城市客运部门如何调整公交线路安排， 总是跟不上乘客需 求的变化。
现实中， 为了更好地服务公交乘客， 公交运营者也引入了智能公交系统。 国 内现有的智能公交系统模式基本是： 通过车载 GPS实现车辆定位， 并在控制中心 大屏幕动态显示和监控公交车辆； 控制中心可实现主要基于人工的车辆调度。 在 候车亭实现车辆到站信息的预报。 另外车载系统可实现基于 GPS的到站提示， 并 可以和控制中心进行通信。 这种模式在国内一些一线的大型城市已经有了较为成 熟的应用。 通过上述的智能公交系统， 控制中心可以调配车辆的发车间隔， 乘客 可以比较准确地知道车辆的到站时间。 但是这种智能公交系统， 仍然只是在静态 公交线路的基础上做出的改进， 无法从根本上改变前面提到的传统缺陷， 对乘客 需求的响应落差从本质上是无法解决的， 运力使用不科学。 中心的调度指令通常 是协调同一条线路中的车辆， 无法让整个系统中的车辆互相支援， 实现网络化整 体协调调度。 从宏观上来说， 对城市公交客流的变化， 仍然无法及时做出反应， 短时间内无法明确线路变更设置的依据； 从微观上来说， 乘客仍要被动适应已有 线路的安排， 如果附近没有合适的线路和站点， 则需要转乘， 显得个性化不够。 所以传统的公交规划软件加智能公交系统， 仍然无法为大中城市的公交乘客提供 优质的服务。
另外一类主要城市公共交通工具是出租车。 出租车虽然对于乘客来说线路是 完全动态的， 适应度很高， 但是这是通过投入大量的出租车来达到一定的效果。 而出租车的运营数量和运营线路也不能随着区域客流高峰低谷的变化而变化， 所 以在上班高峰期， 乘客经常很难找到空出租车； 而到了客流低谷的时候， 出租车 空载率一定程度存在。 为了提高出租车的运营效率， 出租车公司一般都建设了出 租车的监控和管理系统， 并向社会提供出租车电招服务。 系统通过车载 GPS实现 车辆定位， 并在控制中心大屏幕动态显示和监控出租车辆； 控制中心根据乘客位 置和出租车的位置， 可为电招出租车的乘客尝试约附近空载的出租车。 出租车监 控管理系统， 主要的功能还是对出租车运营情况的监督管理， 电招功能在现实中 使用得很少。 这主要是因为出租车运营数量相对固定， 交通高峰期， 空车很少， 出租车司机很容易找到乘客， 所以不太愿意响应电招； 交通低谷期， 空车很多， 对乘客来说又没有必要电招， 这导致电招基本无法发挥作用。 所以总体上来说， 出租车和乘客之间的服务与被服务， 本质上还是建立在一个不明确的预测基础上， 某种程度上要靠经验或者运气来提供或者获得服务， 这样的公共运输系统自然难 以做到高效率和高用户满意度了。
综上所述， 公共交通系统 （包括公交和出租车） 无法优质、 灵活适应乘客的 需求， 这是现有公交系统的重要缺陷。 该缺陷使得公交建设似乎永远无法满足市 民的需求变化， 而一个城市的道路等现状也决定了不可能容纳太过于庞大的公交 系统。 发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提供一种以乘客出行为导向的智能城市公共交通系统， 该系统以乘客的出行需求为响应中心， 动态调度系统中的每台车辆， 能及时准确 地满足乘客的需求。
本发明的这一目的通过如下技术方案来实现的： 一种以乘客出行为导向的智 能城市公共交通系统， 其特征在于： 它包括用于承载乘客的公交车车载系统和控 制所述公交车车载系统运行的控制中心， 所述的公交车车载系统和控制中心以无 线方式相连， 控制中心用于接收乘客输入的乘车指令， 生成行车线路信息并且发 送给公交车车载系统， 所述的公交车车载系统接收该行车线路信息并按该行车线 路信息行驶， 所述控制中心在公交车车载系统行车过程中还将行程信息反馈给乘 客。
所述的控制中心包括调度服务器、 Web 应用服务器、 地理信息服务器、 公交 车行程管理服务器和乘客行程管理服务器， 所述的 web应用服务器与地理信息服 务器相连， 接收乘客输入的起点和终点的乘车指令并将该指令传输给地理信息服 务器， 地理信息服务器可以读取城市的地理信息数据， 并且根据乘客发出的乘车 指令进行搜索， 所述的地理信息服务器与所述的公交车行程管理服务器相连， 地 理信息服务器将乘车指令搜索的结果发送给公交车行程管理服务器， 公交车行程 管理服务器接收该搜索结果并且将可能符合条件的部分线路行程表返回给地理信 息服务器， 地理信息服务器对行车线路行程表进行筛选， 筛选出最优的一份行程 表， 并在该份行程表的基础上进行运算修改， 形成新的行车线路行程表， 所述的 调度服务器分别与所述的 web应用服务器、 地理信息服务器、 公交车行程管理服 务器和乘客行程管理服务器相连， 调度服务器接收新的行车线路行程表后抽取与 该乘客相关的上下车站点和时间后再传输给 web应用服务器， 乘客看到上下车站 点和时间后， 将是否乘坐的信息反馈给调度服务器， 在乘客确认乘坐的情况下， 调度服务器将对新的线路行程表作最后确认并通知公交车行程管理服务器和乘客 行程管理服务器， 公交车车载系统接收公交车行程管理服务器发送来的行车线路 信息并按该行车线路信息进行行驶， 并且在行驶过程中将行驶的坐标位置传输给 公交车行程管理服务器， 乘客行程管理服务器将行程信息发送给乘客。
本发明的城市智能互联公共交通系统以乘客的需求为中心， 乘客的出行需求 可以通过互联网、 无线互联网 （例如手机） 传递给控制中心， 控制中心可以分析 每个乘客的需求， 动态调度系统中的每台车辆。 这些车辆通过无线网络和控制中 心连接， 其运行路径不再使用固定预设的路线。 系统中总体的运营车辆也可以根 据乘客的需要灵活调整， 能及时准确地满足乘客的需求。 而控制中心的调度指挥 是全自动的， 无需人工干预。
本发明公共交通系统内每辆公交车都有唯一编号， 编号可以始终保持不变， 但行程路线不固定， 乘客根据收到短信中的公交车编号， 知道该上哪一台公交车。 系统内的公交车停靠站点， 使用数字编号作为名称， 而且每个站点拥有唯一的编 号。 停靠站点在位置设置上， 除了利用城市现有的普通公交停靠站， 还可以增设 很多独立的停靠站点。 因为站点设施可以很简单， 只需要书写一个编号就可以， 所以在一个城市内可以比较密集地设置。 这样乘客可以方面地利用就近的停靠站 点上下车， 节省了步行的时间。
本发明的公共交通系统中的所有运营车辆， 通过网络全部连接到控制中心， 实现互联， 并传递信息。 互联公交系统根本不存在静态的公交线路， 是以乘客动 态需求为依据， 实时产生动态的运行线路。 控制中心根据收集到的所有信息， 可 自动动态指挥每台车辆的行驶路线， 以及停靠站点； 可以同时乘坐多名不同目的 地的乘客， 乘客上下车位置， 根据其需求具有个性化。 通过控制中心， 每台车辆 知道哪里有需要坐车的乘客， 是否合适去接； 乘客也知道在什么位置、 什么时间 等哪一台车最好。 总之， 其行驶路线是根据当前时间范围内， 其合理运行线路附 近的乘客出行需求、 车上已有乘客的到站需求、 该系统内其他车辆的位置、 当前 道路的路况等因素来决定， 没有固定的行驶线路， 但却完全被管理。 互联公交的 服务就像水和电一样， 乘客有需求， 会在短时间内提供应有的服务， 整个系统机 动灵活， 运力得到最大程度的利用。
本发明中， 所述的公交车车载系统包括公交车、 主机、 显示屏和定位模块， 所述的主机和控制中心相连， 用于接收控制中心发送来的行程指令， 并且将行程 通过显示屏显示给驾驶员， 所述的定位模块与主机相连， 对公交车的行驶位置坐 标进行跟踪定位， 并且将车辆当前的位置信息通过主机发送给控制中心。 本发明的目的之二是提供一种以乘客出行为导向的智能城市公共交通系统的 实施方法。
本发明的这一目的通过如下技术方案来实现的： 一种以乘客出行为导向的智 能城市公共交通系统的实施方法， 其包括如下步骤：
步骤 1 :乘客希望从起点 S地到终点 T地，采用查询终端输入网址访问控制中 心的 web应用服务器， 将查询信息 S和 T传递给 web应用服务器；
步骤 2: web应用服务器收到查询请求后，将查询请求转发给地理信息服务器； 步骤 3:地理信息服务器按照查询请求搜索地理信息数据库，检查这两个地点， 并且将这两个地点对应的位置坐标发送给公交车行程管理服务器；
步骤 4: 公交车行程管理服务器接收到位置坐标信息后， 对所有的线路行程表 进行检索， 并且将检索的线路行程表返回给地理信息服务器；
步骤 5: 地理信息服务器对检索的线路行程表进行进一步筛选， 挑选出一张线 路行程表 R， 然后对该行程表 R作出符合乘客乘坐要求的调整， 生成新的线路行 程表 R'， 将新的线路行程表 R'发送给调度服务器；
步骤 6: 调度服务器将线路行程表 R'返回给 web应用服务器， 该线路行程表
R'包括乘客的的上下车停靠站点和预计的上下车时间；
步骤 7: web应用服务器将搜索结果通过互联网返回给乘客的查询终端， 出现 在查询结果界面上， 供乘客确认；
步骤 8: 乘客确认后， web应用服务器会收到该确认的信息；
步骤 9: web应用服务器通知调度服务器， 告知乘客已经确认乘坐； 步骤 10: 调度服务器接着通知公交车行程管理服务器， 确认线路行程表变更 为 R，；
步骤 11 : 调度服务器还会将乘客行程信息发送给乘客行程管理服务器， 乘客 行程管理服务器将相关行程信息再发送给该乘客；
步骤 12: 公交车车载系统在行驶过程中， 定位模块对车辆的行驶位置坐标进 行跟踪定位， 并且将车辆当前的位置信息通过主机上传给控制中心的公交车行程 管理服务器；
步骤 13: 公交车行程管理服务器接收到车辆行驶的坐标位置， 根据 R'的行程 要求， 通知公交车车载系统途径的下一个停靠站点以及预计到达时间， 该信息显 示在公交车车载系统的显示屏上， 驾驶员按此要求驶往下个停靠站点；
步骤 14: 乘客到达终点后， 公交车行程管理服务器通知乘客行程管理服务器 乘客的行程结束， 可以关闭相应的乘客行程表， 乘客行程管理服务器收到通知即 关闭并自动保存该乘客行程表。
步骤 15: 在结束线路所有行程后， 车载系统的显示屏显示来自公交车行程管 理服务器的提示信息， 请驾驶员确认已经到达最后停靠站点并结束行程；
步骤 16: 驾驶员确认后， 公交车行程管理服务器即收到确认信息， 关闭线路 行程表并将行程表保存到数据库中。 与现有技术相比， 本发明具有如下显著效果：
1、 本发明是一个全新类型的自动化管理的城市公共交通系统。 该系统以乘客 的出行需求为响应中心。 出行前， 乘客将需求先提交给控制中心， 方式可以通过 互联网、 无线互联网 （例如手机）、 呼叫中心； 然后由控制中心合理调度系统中某 辆公交车， 在合适的停靠站点接送乘客。
2、 本发明系统中的每台公交车没有固定的行驶线路， 当前所有公交车的行驶 线路由已预约乘客的需求和系统内公交车当前位置分布动态决定， 其运行线路由 控制中心实时设计发布。
3、 本发明系统中的每台公交车通过无线通信网络， 如 GPRS, 和控制中心连 接。 每台公交车的下一个停靠站点不由驾驶员和车上乘客直接决定， 而由控制中 心自动动态实时产生， 驾驶员能够提前通过车载系统的显示屏获取该信息。
4、 本发明系统中的每台公交车可以同时运送多名不同目的地的乘客， 控制中 心计算机系统准确掌握每位乘客所需的上下车位置， 能够知道每个站点上下乘客 的准确数量。 同时系统可以灵活控制交通工具上的乘客人数， 使其达到预设运载 量和最优的行驶线路。
5、 乘客在上车前和下车前， 都能够提早收到系统发来的提示短信， 便于做好 上下车准备。
6、本发明系统内每辆公交车都有唯一编号，每个编号不代表必定的线路走向。 系统内的每个公交车停靠站点也都拥有唯一编号， 除了利用城市现有的普通公交 停靠站， 还可以增设很多独立的停靠站点。 因为站点设施可以很简单， 只需要书 写一个编号就可以， 所以可以比较密集地设置。
7、 本发明控制中心授权管理人员， 可以通过监控管理工作站对调度系统进行 手工设置， 手工设置可以影响调度服务器的调度安排。 在突发情况下， 通过手工 设置， 在调度服务器协助下， 可以批量自动对部分或者全部公交车辆进行调度， 实现智能化。 附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细说明。
图 1是本发明智能城市公共交通系统的整体结构示意图；
图 2是本发明智能城市公共交通系统中公交车车载系统的结构框图； 图 3是本发明智能城市公共交通系统的实施结构示意图；
图 4是本发明智能城市公共交通系统中公交车车载系统的行走路线图。 具体实施方式
如图 1至图 4所示的一种以乘客出行为导向的智能城市公共交通系统， 它包 括用于承载乘客的公交车车载系统和控制公交车车载系统运行的控制中心， 公交 车车载系统和控制中心以无线方式相连， 控制中心用于接收乘客输入的乘车指令， 生成行车线路信息并且发送给公交车车载系统， 公交车车载系统接收该行车线路 信息并按该行车线路信息行驶， 控制中心在公交车车载系统行车过程中还将行程 信息反馈给乘客。
所述的控制中心包括调度服务器、 Web 应用服务器、 地理信息服务器、 公交 车行程管理服务器和乘客行程管理服务器， web 应用服务器与地理信息服务器相 连， 接收乘客输入的起点和终点的乘车指令并将该指令传输给地理信息服务器， 地理信息服务器可以读取城市的地理信息数据， 并且根据乘客发出的乘车指令进 行搜索， 地理信息服务器与公交车行程管理服务器相连， 地理信息服务器将乘车 指令搜索的结果发送给公交车行程管理服务器， 公交车行程管理服务器接收该搜 索结果并且将可能符合条件的部分线路行程表返回给地理信息服务器， 地理信息 服务器对行车线路行程表进行筛选， 筛选出最优的一份行程表， 并在该份行程表 的基础上进行运算修改， 形成新的行车线路行程表， 调度服务器分别与 web应用 服务器、 地理信息服务器、 公交车行程管理服务器和乘客行程管理服务器相连， 调度服务器接收新的行车线路行程表后抽取与该乘客相关的上下车站点和时间后 再传输给 web应用服务器， 乘客看到上下车站点和时间后， 将是否乘坐的信息反 馈给调度服务器， 在乘客确认乘坐的情况下， 调度服务器将对新的线路行程表作 最后确认并通知公交车行程管理服务器和乘客行程管理服务器， 公交车车载系统 接收公交车行程管理服务器发送来的行车线路信息并按该行车线路信息进行行 驶， 并且在行驶过程中将行驶的坐标位置传输给公交车行程管理服务器， 乘客行 程管理服务器将行程信息发送给乘客。
本实施例的查询终端指乘客通过电脑、 手机上网， 使用系统的服务网站， 进 行注册、 查询合适的公交车辆， 并进行预约。 乘客也可以通过手机或者固定电话 拨打系统的呼叫中心， 由呼叫中心的话务员进行搜索和预约。 同时系统会将预约 车辆到达信息、 到站下车信息等用短信的方式发给乘客。
如图 2所示， 本实施例中的公交车车载系统包括公交车、 主机、 显示屏和定 位模块， 主机和控制中心相连， 用于接收控制中心发送来的行程指令， 并且将行 程通过显示屏显示给驾驶员， 定位模块与主机相连， 对公交车的行驶位置坐标进 行跟踪定位， 并且将车辆当前的位置信息通过主机发送给控制中心。 主机可以实 现 GPS定位、 GPRS数据传输， 并带有喇叭。 显示屏用于显示控制中心的调度指 令。 公交车车载系统的上行功能体现在： 每隔两秒， 车载系统将当前车辆的定位 坐标通过 GPRS发送给监控中心的公交车行程管理服务器， 使监控中心随时掌握 每辆公交的实际位置。 车载系统接收控制中心的下行信息的功能体现在： 一般在 一辆公交车到达一个停靠站点上下客时， 公交车行程管理服务器就会发送下一个 指定的停靠站点信息到车载系统。 车载系统显示屏将显示新的下一个停靠站点及 预订到达时间。 另外如果调度服务器根据用户需求， 运算后决定改变一辆在途公 交的原定下一个停靠站点， 则会通知公交车行程管理服务器， 由后者将新定下一 个停靠站点信息和预订到达时间及时下行给指定公交上的车载系统。 如果车载系 统在公交行驶途中接收到变更下一停靠站点的指令， 则车载系统显示屏将出现新 的停靠站点信息， 且主机喇叭以振铃方式提示驾驶员收到新的停靠指令， 10秒后 自动停止振铃。
通信网络： 查询终端与控制中心之间的通信网络为有线或者无线互联网； 制 中心与公交车车载系统之间的通信网络为无线通信网络， 目前可使用运行数据业 务的 GPRS网络，未来可以升级为使用 WCDMA等 3G无线网络，甚至 4G无线网 络。
本实施例中的控制中心以调度服务器为中心， 分析乘客的预约请求， 与其他 控制中心服务器进行通信获得必要信息， 并进行协作， 对车辆自动进行调度， 以 响应乘客的请求。 它包括 web应用服务器、 乘客行程管理服务器、 公交车行程管 理服务器、 驾驶员任务管理服务器、 车辆任务管理服务器、 地理信息服务器、 数 据库服务器和监控管理工作站。 控制中心还设立数据库， 其设立的数据库包括公 交站点数据库、 乘客数据库、 公交车辆数据库、 驾驶员数据库、 线路行程历史数 据库和地理信息数据库。
控制中心是整个公共交通系统的核心， 而调度服务器在控制中心起着协调其 他服务器从而进行车辆调度工作的作用， 系统内公交的行车停靠站点和预计到达 时间， 需由调度服务器 最终确定。 控制中心用局域网连接各种服务器， 调度服务 器通过和其他服务器通信， 能随时了解所有车辆当前位置和后续走向停靠站点， 在乘客的提出出行需求后， 通过和地理信息服务器互动， 可判断调派哪一辆公交 最合适， 并确定该公交因此可能新增的停靠站点及预计到达时间 （即该乘客的上 下车位置和时间）， 以及重新确定后续其他所有停靠站点时间可能的变动情况。 并 将这些信息转发给相应功能服务器， 然后再转发给公交车车载系统和乘客手机。 控制中心授权管理人员， 可以通过监控管理工作站对调度系统进行手工设置， 手 工设置可以影响调度服务器的调度安排。 在某些紧急情况下， 通过手工设置， 在 调度服务器协助下， 可以批量自动对部分或者全部公交车辆进行调度。
Web应用服务器接入互联网， 上面运行 www网站， 主要功能是响应乘客的查 询， 将乘客的坐车需求传递给调度服务器， 并将调度服务器的运算结果返回给乘 客。 乘客无论身在何处， 只要用电脑登录互联网， 或者用手机登录无线互联网， 就可以访问该网站， 提交坐车需求， 获得坐车指引。 乘客还可以用固话或者手机 拨打系统呼叫中心， 呼叫中心连接互联网， 坐席人员同样可以用电脑通过互联网 访问该网站， 代乘客进行查询和预约操作。 Web应用服务器也连接乘客数据库， 乘客可以通过网站填写手机号等信息， 还可以进行个性化的设置， 乘客数据库将 保存这些信息和设置。
地理信息服务器可以读取当前互联公交服务所在城市的地理信息数据库， 并 进行空间拓扑的运算。 主要功能有：
1. 搜索某个地名或者建筑物是否存在， 及其坐标。 例如乘客在 Web应用服 务器网站页面输入出发地和目的地后，地理信息服务器可以确定乘客的出 发地和目的地是否存在， 及其坐标；
2. 通过已知坐标， 判断该坐标所在道路以及与某些特定位置间的行驶距离。
例如公交车行程管理服务器定时将某台公交的实时坐标发送过来，地理信 息服务器即可确定该公交车当时所在的路段，并计算出后续每个停靠站点 的预计到达时间；
3. 已知某个乘客的出发地和目的地，地理信息服务器可将多条线路行程表信 息和乘客需求进行空间分析， 选择可能的某条线路进行合理调整， 使乘客 可以在合适的时间和停靠站点上下车。
乘客行程管理服务器是为已经确认坐车需求的乘客， 提供全程的提醒和指南 服务， 并连接短信发送中心。 该服务器为每位服务中乘客维护一份乘客行程表， 该表包括的信息有： 乘客编号， 乘客手机号， 上、 下车停靠站点编号和预计到达 时间， 出发地、 目的地， 乘坐车辆编号、 车辆线路行程表编号。 该表最初由调度 服务器生成并传递给乘客行程管理服务器。 在执行过程中， 若调度服务器因为调 度调整线路行程从而变更了相应乘客的上下车位置和时间， 则会通知乘客行程管 理服务器变更该表上、 下车位置编号和时间信息， 并需要时及时通过短信中心将 变更信息发送到乘客的手机上。 如果只是因为路况等因素， 公交车运行时间发生 变更从而影响了相应乘客的上下车的时间 （上下车位置不变）， 则由公交车行程管 理服务器负责通知乘客行程管理服务器变更该表上、 下车时间信息， 并需要时及 时通过短信中心将变更信息发送到乘客的手机上。
在公交车即将到达上车点或者下车点时， 也会及时通过短信中心给乘客发送 提示短信。 每位乘客完整行程结束后， 对应的乘客行程表会被乘客行程管理服务 器自动记录并保存， 然后每天零点将当天所有的乘客行程表， 上传给数据库服务 器。
公交车行程管理服务器用来维护开通服务城市每一条处于工作状态的公交车 实时线路行程表。 一条公交车的实时线路行程表， 要素包括车辆目前所在坐标点， 已经过的坐标点， 已停靠所有站点的编号、 所在的路段、 坐标和到达时间； 以及 后续所有停靠站点编号、 所在的路段、 坐标和最新预计到达时间。 线路行程表最 初来自于调度服务器， 并不断保持更新。 更新一方面来源于： 公交车行程管理服 务器定时 （一般两秒间隔） 接收每一台公交车车载系统通过无线网络上传的定位 坐标信息 （这里无线网络一般指 GPRS网络）， 并立即将收到坐标转发给地理信息 服务器， 后者即可确定当前每台公交车所在的路段以及后续每个停靠站点的最新 预计到达时间， 并返回前者。 如果公交车行程管理服务器发现预计到达时间发生 变化， 会更新线路行程表信息； 并通知乘客行程管理服务器， 修改其乘客行程表 的相关信息。 另一方面， 调度服务器随时可能会对某个线路行程表在执行过程， 改变剩下的线路走向或者停靠站点。 公交车行程管理服务器如果收到调度服务器 的变更后续停靠站点的指令， 就会按照最新的信息更新后续停靠站点编号、 所在 的路段、 坐标、 最新预计到达时间。
公交车行程管理服务器除了接收来自公交车车载系统的上行定位坐标信息 外， 也会为每台公交车指定下一个停靠站点信息和预计到达时间发。 一般在一辆 公交车到达一个停靠站点上下客时， 公交车行程管理服务器就会发送下一个指定 的停靠站点信息到车载系统。 车载系统显示屏将显示新的下一个停靠站点编号及 预订到达时间。 驾驶员将根据指示， 驶往新的停靠站点。 另外一种情况下， 公交 车行程管理服务器也会在公交车行驶途中下行新的停靠站点信息： 如果调度服务 器根据用户需求， 决定改变一辆在途公交的原定下一个停靠站点， 则会通知公交 车行程管理服务器， 由后者将新确定的下一个停靠站点信息和预订到达时间通过 GPRS网络及时下传给指定的公交上的车载系统并在显示屏上显示，驾驶员将按要 求驶往新的停靠站点。
在一辆公交车完成一次完整行程后， 该完整行程会被公交车行程管理服务器 自动记录并保存。 一条完整线路行程表包括行程编号、 车辆编号、 驾驶员姓名、 工号、 开始时间、 结束时间、 沿途记录的每个坐标点坐标、 时间； 以及每个停靠 站点的编号、 所在道路和到达时间。 公交车行程管理服务器每天零点将当天所有 的线路行程表， 上传给数据库服务器。
控制中心还包括驾驶员任务管理服务器和车辆任务管理服务器， 驾驶员任务 管理服务器和车辆任务管理服务器的职能是在车辆和驾驶员处于空闲状态时， 在 调度服务器发出需要新的车辆或者驾驶员加入系统服务时， 及时安排并下达任务 给空闲的车辆或者驾驶员， 即派发任务给车辆或者驾驶员。 只要某车辆和驾驶员 进入工作状态了， 这两个服务器就不会更多干预其后续工作了。
驾驶员任务管理服务器负责对一个城市互联公交系统内所属的驾驶员进行任 务派发管理， 包括对目前处于等候出车任务状态的驾驶员进行任务的安排和下达， 以及对已领取出车任务的驾驶员进行跟踪管理。 该服务器实时维护着每位驾驶员 的当前位置、 工作状态、 所在线路行程表编号、 当天完成任务量的信息。 调度服 务器在初步产生一条全新的线路行程后， 需访问驾驶员任务管理服务器， 提出需 要在什么时间、 什么位置安排出车任务， 由后者安排相应的驾驶员， 并返回给调 度服务器确认。 调度服务器确认后， 将把新的线路行程表发给公交车行程管理服 务器， 开始实时跟踪； 另一方面调度服务器通知驾驶员任务管理服务器， 通过短 信中心，将任务发送给驾驶员， 并把驾驶员当前状态设置为出车执行任务的状态。 该短信还随带一个任务编号， 驾驶员上车后， 将用车载系统的键盘输入该编号， 即可开始执行出车的任务。 驾驶员执行任务完成后， 服务器将更新他的状态。
车辆任务管理服务器负责对一个城市互联公交系统内所属的车辆进行任务和 状态管理， 包括对目前处于等候任务状态的车辆调派任务， 以及对载客运营状态 的车辆进行跟踪管理。 该服务器实时维护着每辆公交车的当前位置、 工作状态、 所在线路行程表编号、 当天已行驶里程的信息。 调度服务器在初步产生一条全新 的线路行程后， 需访问车辆任务管理服务器， 提出需要在什么时间、 什么位置安 排出车任务， 由后者安排相应的车辆， 并返回给调度服务器确认。 得到确认后， 车辆任务管理服务器将把该车辆设置为运营状态。 车辆任务完成后， 服务器将更 新其状态。
数据库服务器主要存储本系统的多个数据库， 包括乘客数据库、 公交车辆数 据库、 驾驶员数据库、 线路行程表历史数据库、 乘客行程表历史数据库。 地理信 息数据库和公交站点数据库则保存在地理信息服务器。 数据库服务器的数据库， 由控制中心工作人员通过监控管理工作站来进行管理和维护。
监控管理工作站主要功能模块有两项。 一是可以监控整个系统运营情况， 二 是数据库信息维护和统计功能。
监控系统运营情况， 即将每辆运营中的公交当前及后续运行线路、 停靠站点， 每车乘客乘坐情况， 驾驶员信息反映在监视屏幕上。 对于处于待命状态的驾驶员 和公交车， 也可以显示目前所在地点， 当天已完成的工作情况。
在某些紧急情况下， 系统指定管理员可以影响调度服务器的调度安排， 实现 人工参与的指挥调度。 例如某路段突然发生意外事故， 管理员可以通过监控管理 工作站将该路段设置为不可行驶， 则调度服务器会记录该设置， 并将把该信息发 给公交车行程管理服务器， 由后者会找出涉及的线路， 对位于该路段上原定的上 下车点在地理信息服务器辅助下重新运算， 修改为在其他临近路段停靠， 并将路 段封闭信息下传给相关公交车车载系统， 在显示屏上显示， 提示驾驶员绕开该路 段。 另外在管理员取消该路段的禁行标志前， 调度服务器会协调公交车行程管理 服务器和地理信息服务器， 避免在该路段上设置上下车点。 通过监控管理工作站 也可设置调度服务器的各种运营参数， 以达到最佳运营效率； 还可以对控制中心 内其他服务器的进行管理。
监控管理工作站还可以进行数据库信息维护和执行统计功能。 控制中心工作 人员通过监控管理工作站读取数据库服务器的乘客数据库、 公交车数据库、 驾驶 员数据库， 可以对乘客、 公交车、 驾驶员数据进行日常管理， 包括对基本信息的 维护更新； 也可以通过监控管理工作站读取地理信息服务器的公交站点数据库， 对公交站点数据进行日常管理， 包括对基本信息的维护更新。
统计功能的信息分别来源于乘客行程管理服务器和公交车行程管理服务器每 日定时上传到数据库服务器的乘客行程表和线路行程表。 通过监控管理工作站， 统计管理者， 可以根据需要选定部分或者全部乘客人群对乘坐情况按照每日、 每 周、 每月、 每季度、 每年进行统计分析， 显示统计对象使用服务的时间分布、 出 发地目的地统计分布情况， 并形成报表。
统计管理者， 可以根据需要选定部分或者全部公交车对行程情况按照每日、 每周、 每月、 每季度、 每年进行统计分析， 显示统计对象提供服务的运行时间长 短、 时段分布， 途经道路、 途经停靠站点统计分布情况， 并形成报表。
统计管理者， 还可以根据需要选定部分或者全部公交车驾驶员， 对工作情况 按照每日、 每周、 每月、 每季度、 每年进行统计分析， 显示统计对象工作的时间 长短、 时段分布， 行驶路段的统计分布以及准点率情况， 并形成报表。 如图 3、图 4所示的一种以乘客出行为导向的智能城市公共交通系统的实施方 法， 以乘客李先生希望从 S地到 T地为例， 其包括如下步骤：
步骤 1 : 乘客李先生希望从 S地到 T地， 他用查询终端， 即个人电脑连上互联 网后， 输入网址访问本发明之系统网站所在的控制中心 web应用服务器， 他使用 自己用户名登录网站， 若该用户名存在， 则展现一个查询界面， 由其输入出发地 (S地） 和目的地 （T地）， S和 T将被传递给 web应用服务器；
步骤 2: web应用服务器收到查询请求后，将查询请求转发给地理信息服务器； 步骤 3:地理信息服务器按照查询请求搜索地理信息数据库，检查这两个地点， 并且将这两个地点对应的位置坐标发送给公交车行程管理服务器；
步骤 4: 公交车行程管理服务器接收到位置坐标信息后， 对所有的线路行程表 进行检索， 并且将检索的线路行程表返回给地理信息服务器；
步骤 5: 地理信息服务器对检索的线路行程表进一步筛选运算， 挑选出一张线 路行程表 R， 然后对该行程表 R作出符合李先生乘坐要求的初步调整， 生成新的 线路行程表 R'， 其中， 地理信息服务器对线路行程表 R作出初步调整的具体过程 如下： 如图三所示， 编号为 100的公交现在在图中位置 A， 线路行程表 R符合以 下条件： 有若干个已确定停靠站点 Ml... Mn。 其中从 M5到 M6的路程中， 公交车 可合理途经一个原来不停靠的站点 N1，而 N1和 S之间步行可以方便到达。从 M9 到 M10的路程中， 可合理途经一个原来不停靠的站点 N2， 而 N2和 T之间步行可 以方便到达。于是地理信息服务器将对 R作出初步调整，增加停靠站点 N1和 N2， 这个新的线路行程表就是 R'。 地理信息服务器将 R'发送给调度服务器等待其做初 步确认；
步骤 6: 调度服务器初步确认后， 线路行程表 R'返回给 web应用服务器， 该 线路行程表 R'包括李先生的的上下车停靠站点和预计的上下车时间；
步骤 7: web应用服务器将搜索结果通过互联网返回给李先生的查询终端， 即 李先生的电脑， 出现在查询结果界面上， 请其确认；
步骤 8: 李先生在界面点击确认后， web应用服务器会收到该确认的信息； 步骤 9: web应用服务器接着通知调度服务器，告知乘客李先生已经确认乘坐。 步骤 10: 调度服务器接着通知公交车行程管理服务器， 确认线路行程表变更 为 R'，按照新的线路行程表 R'执行，并且将行车线路信息发送给公交车车载系统， 公交车车载系统接收公交车行程管理服务器发送来的行车线路信息并按该行车线 路信息进行行驶；
步骤 11 : 调度服务器还会将乘客行程信息发送给乘客行程管理服务器， 同时 生成及传递一份乘客行程表， 由乘客行程管理服务器进行维护， 乘客行程管理服 务器将相关行程信息再发送给该乘客， 并对该乘客提供全程提醒和指南。 该行程 表包括的信息有： 乘客编号， 乘客手机号， 上、 下车位置编号和预计到达时间， 出发地、 目的地， 乘坐车辆编号、 车辆线路行程表编号；
步骤 12: 公交车车载系统在行驶过程中， 比如到达 M5后， 定位模块对 100 号公交的行驶位置坐标进行跟踪定位， 并且将 100 号公交当前的位置信息通过主 机上传给控制中心的公交车行程管理服务器；
步骤 13: 公交车行程管理服务器通过坐标对比的方法， 知道 100号公交已经 到达站点 M5的信息后， 马上通知车载系统下一个停靠站点 Nl， 以及预计到达时 间， 该信息将显示在车载系统的显示屏上， 驾驶员将按照该信息驶往 N1 ;
步骤 14: 乘客行程管理服务器在 100号到达 N1的预计时间前 10分钟， 发出 短信通知李先生可以从 S出发前往 N1等候 100号公交车， 李先生在 N1上车后， 乘客行程管理服务器在 100号到达 N2的预计时间前 5分钟，发出短信通知李先生 可以做好下车的准备。 100号到达 N2后， 李先生下车；
步骤 15: 100号公交到达 N2后， 车载主机会将 100号公交的坐标位置上传给 控制中心的公交车行程管理服务器；
步骤 16: 公交车行程管理服务器通过坐标对比的方法， 知道 100号已经到达 站点 N2， 根据 R'的行程要求， 然后马上通知车载系统下一个停靠站点 M10， 以及 预计到达时间， 该信息将显示在车载系统的显示屏上， 驾驶员将按照该信息驶往 下个停靠站点 M10;
步骤 17: 公交车行程管理服务器接着通知乘客行程管理服务器， 李先生的行 程结束， 可以关闭相应的乘客行程表， 乘客行程管理服务器收到通知即关闭并自 动保存该乘客行程表；
步骤 18: 在到达行程表 R'最后一个停靠站点， 结束线路所有行程后， 车载系 统的显示屏出现来自公交车行程管理服务器的提示信息， 请驾驶员确认已经到达 最后停靠站点并结束行程；
步骤 19: 驾驶员点击车载系统键盘的确认按钮， 公交车行程管理服务器即收 到确认信息， 关闭线路行程表 R'并将行程表自动保存到数据库中；
步骤 20: 公交车行程管理服务器再通知驾驶员任务管理服务器和车辆任务管 理服务器， 后两者分别将驾驶员和 100号公交车的状态设置为待命状态。

Claims

1. 一种以乘客出行为导向的智能城市公共交通系统， 其特征在于： 它包括用于承载乘 客的公交车车载系统和控制所述公交车车载系统运行的控制中心， 所述的公交车车载系统和 控制中心以无线方式相连， 控制中心用于接收乘客输入的乘车指令， 生成行车线路信息并且 发送给公交车车载系统， 所述的公交车车载系统接收该行车线路信息并按该行车线路信息行 驶， 所述控制中心在公交车车载系统行车过程中还将行程信息反馈给乘客。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的以乘客出行为导向的智能城市公共交通系统， 其特征在于： 所述的控制中心包括调度服务器、 Web应用服务器、 地理信息服务器、 公交车行程管理服务 器和乘客行程管理服务器， 所述的 web应用服务器与地理信息服务器相连， 接收乘客输入的 起点和终点的乘车指令并将该指令传输给地理信息服务器， 地理信息服务器可以读取城市的 地理信息数据， 并且根据乘客发出的乘车指令进行搜索， 所述的地理信息服务器与所述的公 交车行程管理服务器相连， 地理信息服务器将乘车指令搜索的结果发送给公交车行程管理服 务器， 公交车行程管理服务器接收该搜索结果并且将可能符合条件的部分线路行程表返回给 地理信息服务器， 地理信息服务器对行车线路行程表进行筛选， 筛选出最优的一份行程表， 并在该份行程表的基础上进行运算修改， 形成新的行车线路行程表， 所述的调度服务器分别 与所述的 web应用服务器、 地理信息服务器、 公交车行程管理服务器和乘客行程管理服务器 相连， 调度服务器接收新的行车线路行程表后抽取与该乘客相关的上下车站点和时间后再传 输给 web应用服务器， 乘客看到上下车站点和时间后， 将是否乘坐的信息反馈给调度服务器， 在乘客确认乘坐的情况下， 调度服务器将对新的线路行程表作最后确认并通知公交车行程管 理服务器和乘客行程管理服务器， 公交车车载系统接收公交车行程管理服务器发送来的行车 线路信息并按该行车线路信息进行行驶， 并且在行驶过程中将行驶的坐标位置传输给公交车 行程管理服务器， 乘客行程管理服务器将行程信息发送给乘客。
3. 根据权利要求 1至 2任一项所述的以乘客出行为导向的智能城市公共交通系统， 其 特征在于： 所述的公交车车载系统包括公交车、 主机、 显示屏和定位模块， 所述的主机和控 制中心相连， 用于接收控制中心发送来的行程指令， 并且将行程通过显示屏显示给驾驶员， 所述的定位模块与主机相连， 对公交车的行驶位置坐标进行跟踪定位， 并且将车辆当前的位 置信息通过主机发送给控制中心。
4. 一种以乘客出行为导向的智能城市公共交通系统的实施方法， 其包括如下步骤： 步骤 1 : 乘客希望从起点 S地到终点 T地， 采用查询终端输入网址访问控制中心的 web 应用服务器， 将查询信息 S和 T传递给 web应用服务器；
步骤 2: web应用服务器收到查询请求后， 将查询请求转发给地理信息服务器； 步骤 3 : 地理信息服务器按照查询请求搜索地理信息数据库， 检查这两个地点， 并且将 这两个地点对应的位置坐标发送给公交车行程管理服务器；
步骤 4: 公交车行程管理服务器接收到位置坐标信息后， 对所有的线路行程表进行检索， 并且将检索的线路行程表返回给地理信息服务器；
步骤 5 :地理信息服务器对检索的线路行程表进行进一步筛选，挑选出一张线路行程表 R， 然后对该行程表 R作出符合乘客乘坐要求的调整， 生成新的线路行程表 R'， 将新的线路行程 表 R'发送给调度服务器；
步骤 6: 调度服务器将线路行程表 R'返回给 web应用服务器， 该线路行程表 R'包括乘客 的的上下车停靠站点和预计的上下车时间；
步骤 7: web应用服务器将搜索结果通过互联网返回给乘客的查询终端， 出现在查询结果 界面上， 供乘客确认；
步骤 8 : 乘客确认后， web应用服务器会收到该确认的信息；
步骤 9: web应用服务器通知调度服务器， 告知乘客已经确认乘坐；
步骤 10: 调度服务器接着通知公交车行程管理服务器， 确认线路行程表变更为 步骤 11 : 调度服务器还会将乘客行程信息发送给乘客行程管理服务器， 乘客行程管理服 务器将相关行程信息再发送给该乘客；
步骤 12:公交车车载系统在行驶过程中，定位模块对车辆的行驶位置坐标进行跟踪定位， 并且将车辆当前的位置信息通过主机上传给控制中心的公交车行程管理服务器；
步骤 13 : 公交车行程管理服务器接收到车辆行驶的坐标位置， 根据 R'的行程要求， 通知 公交车车载系统途径的下一个停靠站点以及预计到达时间， 该信息显示在公交车车载系统的 显示屏上， 驾驶员按此要求驶往下个停靠站点；
步骤 14: 乘客到达终点后， 公交车行程管理服务器通知乘客行程管理服务器乘客的行程 结束， 可以关闭相应的乘客行程表， 乘客行程管理服务器收到通知即关闭并自动保存该乘客 行程表。
步骤 15 : 在结束线路所有行程后， 车载系统的显示屏显示来自公交车行程管理服务器的 提示信息， 请驾驶员确认已经到达最后停靠站点并结束行程；
步骤 16: 驾驶员确认后， 公交车行程管理服务器即收到确认信息， 关闭线路行程表并将 行程表保存到数据库中。
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