WO2012018094A1 - 基質特異性が改変されたアマドリアーゼ - Google Patents
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- WO2012018094A1 WO2012018094A1 PCT/JP2011/067898 JP2011067898W WO2012018094A1 WO 2012018094 A1 WO2012018094 A1 WO 2012018094A1 JP 2011067898 W JP2011067898 W JP 2011067898W WO 2012018094 A1 WO2012018094 A1 WO 2012018094A1
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- C12N9/0004—Oxidoreductases (1.)
- C12N9/0012—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on nitrogen containing compounds as donors (1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7)
- C12N9/0026—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on nitrogen containing compounds as donors (1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7) acting on CH-NH groups of donors (1.5)
- C12N9/0032—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on nitrogen containing compounds as donors (1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7) acting on CH-NH groups of donors (1.5) with oxygen as acceptor (1.5.3)
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- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/26—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving oxidoreductase
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- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
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- G01N33/723—Glycosylated haemoglobin
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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- G01N2333/90—Enzymes; Proenzymes
- G01N2333/902—Oxidoreductases (1.)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to amadoriase with modified substrate specificity, its gene and recombinant DNA, and a method for producing amadoriase with modified substrate specificity.
- Glycated proteins are produced by non-enzymatic covalent bond formation between the aldehyde group of aldoses (monosaccharides and derivatives thereof that potentially have aldehyde groups) such as glucose, and Amadori transfer It is.
- aldehyde group of aldoses monosaccharides and derivatives thereof that potentially have aldehyde groups
- Amadori transfer It is.
- the amino group of the protein ⁇ -amino group at the amino terminus, and a ⁇ -amino group of a lysine residue side chains in the protein.
- Known glycated proteins generated in vivo include glycated hemoglobin in which hemoglobin in blood is glycated, glycated albumin in which albumin is glycated, and the like.
- HbA1c glycated hemoglobin
- ⁇ -fructosylvalylhistidine (hereinafter referred to as ⁇ FVH)
- ⁇ FVH amadoriase
- ⁇ FV ⁇ -fructosylvalylhistidine
- ⁇ FV ⁇ -fructosyl valine
- Amadoriase catalyzes a reaction that oxidizes iminodiacetic acid or its derivative (also called “Amadori compound”) in the presence of oxygen to produce glyoxylic acid or ⁇ -ketoaldehyde, an amino acid or peptide, and hydrogen peroxide. To do.
- Amadoriase has been found from bacteria, yeasts and fungi, and is particularly useful for the measurement of HbA1c.
- Examples of amadoriase having enzyme activity against ⁇ FVH and / or ⁇ FV include, for example, the genus Coniochaeta, Eupenicillium ( The genus Eupeniclium, the genus Arthrinium, the genus Curvularia, the genus Leptosphaeria, the genus Neocosmospora, the genus Ophiobolus, the genus Ophiobolus (Cryptococcus) genus, Phaeosphaeria Amadoriases derived from the genera, Aspergillus genus, Ulocladium genus, and Penicillium genus have been reported (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 7 to 11 and Non-Patent Documents 1 to 4).
- amadoriase may be described by expressions such as ketoamine oxidase, fructosyl amino acid oxidase, fructosyl peptide oxidase, and fructosylamine oxidase depending on the literature.
- HbA1c In the measurement of HbA1c by an enzymatic method, strict substrate specificity is required as a property of amadoriase.
- the measurement of HbA1c is carried out by quantifying the released ⁇ FVH, it is present in a free state in the sample and / or released in the treatment step of HbA1c using a protease or the like. It is desirable to use an amadoriase that does not act on glycated amino acids or glycated peptides other than ⁇ FVH.
- ⁇ -position amino group of the lysine residue side chain contained in the hemoglobin molecule undergoes glycation, and the ⁇ -position amino group derived from this glycated lysine residue is glycated.
- ⁇ FK ⁇ -fructosyl lysine
- protease treatment or the like see, for example, Non-Patent Document 5. Therefore, an amadoriase with high substrate specificity that is unlikely to act on ⁇ FK that can cause a measurement error is strongly desired.
- most of the conventionally known amadoriases are not sufficiently low in reactivity to ⁇ FK.
- ketoamine oxidase derived from Curvularia clavata YH923 and the ketoamine oxidase derived from Neocosmospora vasinfecta 474 have substrate specificity for ⁇ FVH by substituting several amino acids.
- An improved modified ketoamine oxidase has been shown (see Patent Document 1).
- ⁇ -fructosyl- ( ⁇ -benzyl) is obtained by substituting isoleucine at position 58 with valine, arginine at position 62 with histidine, and phenylalanine at position 330 with leucine.
- ⁇ FZK / ⁇ FVH which is an activity ratio derived by dividing the enzyme activity for oxycarbonyllysine (hereinafter referred to as ⁇ FZK) by the enzyme activity for ⁇ FVH, decreases from 0.95 to 0.025.
- ⁇ FZK which is used for the evaluation of the substrate specificity of the modified ketoamine oxidase in the above document, is a compound that is considerably different in terms of molecular weight and structure from ⁇ FK actually produced in the step of treating glycated hemoglobin with protease. It is. For this reason, it is difficult to say that the reactivity to ⁇ FK, which can be a causative substance of actual measurement errors, has decreased due to the decreased reactivity to ⁇ FZK. Moreover, there is no description that the reduction
- a modified fructosyl amino acid oxidase newly imparted with reactivity to ⁇ FVH by introducing an amino acid substitution into a fructosyl amino acid oxidase derived from Aspergillus nidulans A89 and modifying the substrate specificity has been reported (for example, see Patent Document 10).
- a fructosyl amino acid oxidase derived from Aspergillus nidulans A89 can be renewed by substituting serine at position 59 with glycine and lysine at position 65 with glycine, or substituting lysine at position 109 with glutamine. It is shown that the enzyme activity for ⁇ FVH is imparted.
- the amino acid substitution contributes to a reduction in reactivity to ⁇ FK.
- amadoriases including low or low ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV and / or low ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV, which are derived by dividing the enzyme activity against ⁇ FK by the enzyme activity against ⁇ FVH, including natural or mutant amadoriases,
- amadoriases including low or low ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV and / or low ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV, which are derived by dividing the enzyme activity against ⁇ FK by the enzyme activity against ⁇ FVH, including natural or mutant amadoriases
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an amadoriase having low reactivity to ⁇ FK, specifically, low ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH and / or low ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV.
- the present invention is as follows.
- Glutamic acid at position 98 is an amino acid other than proline, that is, glutamine, histidine, lysine, arginine, glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, cysteine, serine, threonine, asparagine, aspartic acid, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan Is replaced by (U) valine at position 259 is substituted with alanine, cysteine, serine; (V) Serine at position 154 is replaced with glycine, tyrosine, asparagine, glutamine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, histidine, cysteine; (W) Histidine at position 125
- the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 241 has a substitution of an amino acid residue selected from the group consisting of the following (ca) to (cc), and compared with amadoriase before the substitution,
- the ratio of reactivity to ⁇ -fructosyl lysine to reactivity to fructosyl valyl histidine is reduced and ⁇ to reactivity to ⁇ -fructosyl valine compared to amadoriase prior to the substitution.
- -Amadoriase characterized by a reduced proportion of reactivity to fructosyl lysine: (Ca) substitution of amino acid at the position corresponding to serine at position 98 with alanine, substitution of amino acid at position corresponding to lysine at position 110 with arginine and substitution of amino acid at position corresponding to valine at position 259 with cysteine ; (Cb) substitution of the amino acid at the position corresponding to serine at position 98 with alanine and substitution of the amino acid at the position corresponding to position 259 with cysteine; (Cc) Substitution of amino acid at position corresponding to lysine at position 110 with arginine and substitution of amino acid at position corresponding to valine at position 259 with cysteine.
- amadoriase gene encoding the amino acid sequence of any one of - (6).
- a recombinant vector comprising the amadoriase gene according to (7) above.
- a method for producing amadoriase which comprises the following steps: (Ak) culturing the host cell according to (6) above; (Al) expressing an amadoriase gene contained in a host cell; and (am) isolating amadoriase from the culture.
- an amadoriase having excellent substrate specificity which can be advantageously used as a diagnostic enzyme for diabetes and in a measurement kit for diabetes marker, specifically, ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH is low and / or ⁇ FK / Amadoriase with low ⁇ FV can be provided.
- Amadoriase is also referred to as ketoamine oxidase, fructosyl amino acid oxidase, fructosyl peptide oxidase, or fructosylamine oxidase. It refers to an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction that produces ketoaldehyde, an amino acid or peptide, and hydrogen peroxide.
- Amadoriase is widely distributed in nature and can be obtained by searching for microorganisms, enzymes of animal or plant origin. The microorganism can be obtained from, for example, filamentous fungi, yeast, or bacteria.
- the amadoriase of the present invention is a modified version of amadoriase having a modified substrate specificity, which is produced based on the amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
- mutants include high sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 1 (eg, 75% or more, preferably 80% or more, more preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95). %, More preferably 97% or more, most preferably 99% or more), and in the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, one to several amino acids are altered or mutated or deleted And amadoriase having a substituted, added and / or inserted amino acid sequence.
- Eupenicillium genus Arsulinium genus, Carbraria genus, Leptosperia genus, Neocosmospora genus, Ophiobora genus, Pleopsora genus It may be produced based on amadoriase derived from other species such as Pyrenoceta, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, Feosferia, Urocradiium, or Penicillium.
- a modified version of amadoriase with altered substrate specificity can be obtained by substituting at least one amino acid residue in the amino acid sequence of amadoriase.
- the amino acid substitution that brings about the modification of substrate specificity includes substitution of amino acids at positions corresponding to the following amino acids in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
- glutamic acid at position 98 for example, amino acids other than proline, ie, glutamine, histidine, lysine, arginine, glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, cysteine, serine, threonine, asparagine, aspartic acid, phenylalanine , Tyrosine, tryptophan substitution.
- amino acids other than proline ie, glutamine, histidine, lysine, arginine, glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, cysteine, serine, threonine, asparagine, aspartic acid, phenylalanine , Tyrosine, tryptophan substitution.
- histidine at position 125 for example, alanine, leucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, asparagine, glutamine, glutamic acid, lysine, arginine.
- Substitution of aspartic acid at position 106 for example, substitution with an amino acid having a molecular weight smaller than that of aspartic acid, that is, glycine, alanine, serine, valine, threonine, cysteine, leucine, isoleucine, asparagine.
- a variant of amadoriase with altered substrate specificity may have at least one amino acid substitution, and may have a plurality of amino acid substitutions. For example, it has 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 or 18 of the above amino acid substitution.
- mutants having amino acid substitutions corresponding to the following amino acid positions are preferred.
- a mutation in which glutamine (Q) at position 110 is substituted with arginine (R) is represented as Q110R.
- a mutant having a substitution of glutamine at position 110 and serine at position 154 for example, Q110R and S154G or S154N.
- a mutant having a substitution of glutamic acid at position 98 and serine at position 154 for example, E98A or E98R and S154N.
- Mutations with glutamic acid at position 98 and valine at position 259 eg, E98Q and V259A, E98Q and V259C, E98H and V259A, E98H and V259C, E98R and V259C, E98A and V259C.
- the amadoriase mutant with altered substrate specificity of the present invention has an amino acid substitution that results in the alteration of the substrate specificity in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, and further at positions other than those substituted amino acids, From an amino acid sequence in which one or several (for example 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3, particularly preferably 1) amino acids have been deleted, inserted, added and / or substituted And amadoriase variants having amadoriase activity and modified substrate specificity.
- amino acid substitution mutations that bring about the above substrate specificity modification, amino acid substitution mutations that improve heat resistance, and amino acids in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 excluding amino acids other than the substituted amino acids It consists of an amino acid sequence having an amino acid sequence identity of 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, more preferably 97% or more, particularly preferably 99% or more with respect to the sequence, has amadoriase activity, and has substrate specificity Include modified amadoriase variants.
- the amino acid position represents the position in the amino acid sequence of the amadoriase derived from the genus Coniocaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. In the amino acid sequence of the amadoriase derived from other species, it is shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. The amino acid at the position corresponding to the position in the amino acid sequence to be substituted is substituted. The meaning of “corresponding position” will be described later.
- amadoriase gene (Acquisition of gene encoding amadoriase)
- amadoriase gene In order to obtain the gene of the present invention encoding these amadoriases (hereinafter also simply referred to as “amadoriase gene”), generally used gene cloning methods are used.
- chromosomal DNA or mRNA can be extracted from microbial cells having the ability to produce amadoriase and various cells by a conventional method, for example, a method described in Current Protocols in Molecular Biology (WILEY Interscience, 1989).
- cDNA can be synthesized using mRNA as a template.
- a chromosomal DNA or cDNA library can be prepared using the chromosomal DNA or cDNA thus obtained.
- a suitable probe DNA is synthesized, and using this, a method for selecting the amadoriase gene from a chromosomal DNA or cDNA library, or a suitable primer DNA based on the amino acid sequence. And amplifying DNA containing the gene fragment of interest encoding amadoriase by an appropriate polymerase chain reaction (Polymerase Chain Reaction, PCR method) such as 5'RACE method or 3'RACE method. Can be ligated to obtain a DNA containing the full length of the target amadoriase gene.
- PCR method Polymerase Chain Reaction
- an amadoriase gene derived from the genus Coniocaeta (Patent Document 7) can be mentioned.
- amadoriase genes are linked to various vectors as usual.
- an amadoriase gene is encoded by using QIAGEN (manufactured by Qiagen) from a recombinant plasmid pKK223-3-CFP (patent document 7) containing DNA encoding an amadoriase gene derived from Coniochaeta sp. NISL 9330. DNA can be obtained by extraction and purification.
- the vector that can be used in the present invention is not limited to the above plasmid, and any other vector known to those skilled in the art, such as bacteriophage and cosmid, can be used. Specifically, for example, pBluescript II SK + (manufactured by STRATAGENE) is preferable.
- amadoriase gene mutation treatment The mutation process of the amadoriase gene can be performed by any known method depending on the intended mutant form. That is, a wide variety of methods such as a method of contacting and acting an amadoriase gene or a recombinant DNA incorporating the gene and a mutagen agent; an ultraviolet irradiation method; a genetic engineering method; or a method using a protein engineering method. Can be used.
- Examples of the mutagen used in the mutation treatment include hydroxylamine, N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, nitrous acid, sulfite, hydrazine, formic acid, and 5-bromouracil. be able to.
- the various conditions for the contact and action are not particularly limited as long as it is possible to adopt conditions according to the type of drug used and the like and a desired mutation can be actually induced in the amadoriase gene.
- a desired mutation can be induced by contact and action at a reaction temperature of 20 to 80 ° C. for 10 minutes or more, preferably 10 to 180 minutes, preferably at a drug concentration of 0.5 to 12M.
- a reaction temperature 20 to 80 ° C. for 10 minutes or more, preferably 10 to 180 minutes, preferably at a drug concentration of 0.5 to 12M.
- Even in the case of performing ultraviolet irradiation it can be carried out according to a conventional method as described above (Hyundai Kagaku, 024-30, June 1989 issue).
- a method generally known as Site-Specific Mutagenesis can be used.
- Kramer method Nucleic Acids Res., 12, 9441 (1984): Methods Enzymol., 154, 350 (1987): Gene, 37, 73 (1985), Eckstein method (Nucleic Acid Res. 49 (Nucleic Acid Res. 49)). (1985): Nucleic Acids Res., 13, 8765 (1985): Nucleic Acids Res, 14, 9679 (1986), Kunkel method (Proc. Natl. Acid. Sci. US, 48, 1982). ): Methods Enzymol., 154, 367 (1987)).
- a technique known as a general PCR method can also be used (see Technique, 1, 11 (1989)).
- a desired modified amadoriase gene can also be directly synthesized by an organic synthesis method or an enzyme synthesis method.
- the amadoriase gene obtained as described above is incorporated into a vector such as a bacteriophage, a cosmid, or a plasmid used for transformation of prokaryotic cells or eukaryotic cells by a conventional method, and a host corresponding to each vector is selected by a conventional method.
- a microorganism belonging to the genus Escherichia as a host for example, using the obtained recombinant DNA, for example, Escherichia coli K-12 strain, preferably Escherichia coli JM109 strain, Escherichia coli DH5 ⁇ strain (both manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.), etc. Transform or transduce them to obtain the respective strain.
- Amino acid sequence homology can be calculated using GENETYX-Mac (Software Development) 's maximum matching and search homology programs, or DNASIS Pro (Hitachi Software)' s maximum matching and multiple alignment programs. .
- the “position corresponding to an amino acid” refers to the position in the amino acid sequence of an amadoriase derived from another species corresponding to the amino acid at a specific position in the amino acid sequence of the amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
- amino acid sequences are compared using a known algorithm such as the Lippman-Person method, and the maximum homology to conserved amino acid residues present in the amino acid sequences of each amadoriase It can be done by giving sex.
- a known algorithm such as the Lippman-Person method
- the maximum homology to conserved amino acid residues present in the amino acid sequences of each amadoriase It can be done by giving sex.
- By aligning the amino acid sequences of the amadoriases in this way it is possible to determine the positions of the homologous amino acid residues in the sequence of each amadoriase sequence regardless of insertions or deletions in the amino acid sequences.
- the homologous position is considered to exist at the same position in the three-dimensional structure, and it can be estimated that the homologous position has a similar effect on the specific function of the target amadoriase.
- FIG. 1 shows an alignment of sequences of amadoriases from various species.
- the position in the amino acid sequence of an amadoriase derived from another species corresponding to the amino acid at a specific position in the amino acid sequence of an amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta can be known from FIG. Fig.
- the “position corresponding to lysine at position 66 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1” refers to the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase and the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. When compared, it means the amino acid corresponding to lysine at position 66 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1. Thereby, the amino acid sequence can be aligned and specified by the above-mentioned method of specifying “the amino acid at the corresponding position”.
- the position corresponding to valine at position 67 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 refers to the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase and the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. When compared, it means the amino acid corresponding to valine at position 67 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1. Thereby, the amino acid sequence can be aligned and specified by the above-mentioned method of specifying “the amino acid at the corresponding position”.
- the “position corresponding to glutamine at position 70 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1” refers to the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase and the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. When compared, it means an amino acid corresponding to glutamine at position 70 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1. Thereby, the amino acid sequence can be aligned and specified by the above-mentioned method of specifying “the amino acid at the corresponding position”.
- the position corresponding to aspartic acid at position 96 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 refers to the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase, the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 Is the amino acid corresponding to aspartic acid at position 96 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1.
- the amino acid sequence can be aligned and specified by the above-mentioned method of specifying “the amino acid at the corresponding position”.
- Aspartate at position 96 for oxidase aspartate at position 96 for ketoamine oxidase from Neocosmospora vasinfecta, aspartate at fructosyl amino acid oxidase from Cryptococcus ocneoformans, aspartate at position 96, aspartate at fructosyl peptide oxidase from Phaeosphaeria nodorum Acid, aspartic acid at position 95 for fructosyl amino acid oxidase from Aspergillus nidulans, and aspartic acid at position 96 for fructosyl amino acid oxidase from Ulocladium sp. In the fructosyl amino acid oxidase derived from Penicillium janthinellum, it is aspartic acid at position 96.
- the position corresponding to glutamic acid at position 98 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 refers to the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase and the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. When compared, it means an amino acid corresponding to glutamic acid at position 98 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1. Thereby, the amino acid sequence can be aligned and specified by the above-mentioned method of specifying “the amino acid at the corresponding position”.
- the position corresponding to threonine at position 100 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 refers to the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase and the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. When compared, it means the amino acid corresponding to threonine at position 100 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1. Thereby, the amino acid sequence can be aligned and specified by the above-mentioned method of specifying “the amino acid at the corresponding position”.
- the “position corresponding to glycine at position 103 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1” refers to the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase and the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. When compared, it means the amino acid corresponding to glycine at position 103 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1. Thereby, the amino acid sequence can be aligned and specified by the above-mentioned method of specifying “the amino acid at the corresponding position”.
- the “position corresponding to aspartic acid at position 106 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1” refers to the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase, the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 Is the amino acid corresponding to aspartic acid at position 106 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1.
- the amino acid sequence can be aligned and specified by the above-mentioned method of specifying “the amino acid at the corresponding position”.
- asparagine at position 106 in amadoriase from Eupenicillium terrenum aspartic acid at position 106 in ketoamine oxidase from Pyrenochaeta sp., Alanine at position 106 in ketoamine oxidase from Arthrinium sp., Ketoamine oxidase from Curvularia clavata Aspartic acid at position 106, glycine at position 106 for ketoamine oxidase from Neocosmospora vasinfecta, serine at position 106 for fructosyl amino acid oxidase from Cryptococcus neoformans, aspartic acid at position 106, fructosyl peptide oxidase from Phaeosphaeria nodorum, Aspergillus nidulans
- fructosyl amino acid oxidase derived from glycine at position 105 in the case of fructosyl amino acid oxidase
- the position corresponding to glutamine at position 110 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 means the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase and the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. When compared, it means the amino acid corresponding to glutamine at position 110 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1. Thereby, the amino acid sequence can be aligned and specified by the above-mentioned method of specifying “the amino acid at the corresponding position”.
- lysine at position 110 for amadoriase from Eupenicillium terrenum, alanine at position 110 for ketoamine oxidase from Pyrenochaeta sp., Glutamine at position 110 for ketoamine oxidase from Arthrinium sp., 110 for ketoamine oxidase from Curvularia clavata The alanine in position, the glutamic acid at position 110 for the ketoamine oxidase from Neocosmospora vasinfecta, the serine at position 110 for the fructosyl amino acid oxidase from Cryptococcus neoformans, the glycine at position 110 for the fructosyl peptide oxidase from Phaeosphaeria nodorum, the fruct from Aspergillus nidulans Lysine at position 109 for tosyl amino acid oxidase, alanine at position 110 for fructosyl amino acid oxidase,
- the position corresponding to alanine at position 113 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 refers to the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase and the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. When compared, it means the amino acid corresponding to alanine at position 113 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1. Thereby, the amino acid sequence can be aligned and specified by the above-mentioned method of specifying “the amino acid at the corresponding position”.
- the “position corresponding to leucine at position 114 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1” refers to the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase and the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. When compared, it means the amino acid corresponding to leucine at position 114 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1. Thereby, the amino acid sequence can be aligned and specified by the above-mentioned method of specifying “the amino acid at the corresponding position”.
- the “position corresponding to histidine at position 125 in the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1” means that the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase is compared with the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. Means the amino acid corresponding to histidine at position 125 in the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1. This can also be specified by aligning amino acid sequences by the above method.
- asparagine at position 125 in amadoriase from Eupenicillium terrenum asparagine at position 125 in ketoamine oxidase from Pyrenochaeta sp., Threonine at position 125 in ketoamine oxidase from Arthrinium sp., 125 in ketoamine oxidase from Curvularia clavata Threonine, Neocosmospora vasinfecta-derived ketoamine oxidase from position 125 histidine, Cryptococcus neoformans-derived fructosyl amino acid oxidase from position 125 histidine, Phaeosphaeria nodorum-derived fructosyl peptide oxidase from position 123 asparagine, Aspergillus nidulans Asparagine at position 124 for tosylamino acid oxidase, threonine at position 125 for fructosyl amino acid oxidase
- the position corresponding to serine at position 154 in the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 means that the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase is compared with the amino acid sequence of the Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. Means the amino acid corresponding to serine at position 154 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1. This can also be specified by aligning amino acid sequences by the above method.
- the “position corresponding to aspartic acid at position 156 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1” means the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase, the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 Is the amino acid corresponding to aspartic acid at position 156 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1.
- the amino acid sequence can be aligned and specified by the above-mentioned method of specifying “the amino acid at the corresponding position”.
- the position corresponding to valine at position 259 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 means that the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase is compared with the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. Means the amino acid corresponding to valine at position 259 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1. This can also be specified by aligning amino acid sequences by the above method.
- position corresponding to tyrosine at position 261 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 means that the determined amino acid sequence of Amadoriase is compared with the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. Means an amino acid corresponding to tyrosine at position 261 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1. This can also be specified by aligning amino acid sequences by the above method.
- tyrosine at position 261 is used for amadoriase from Eupenicillium terrenum
- tyrosine at position 259 is used for ketoamine oxidase from Pyrenochaeta sp.
- Tyrosine 261 is used for ketoamine oxidase from Arthrinium sp.
- And 259 is used for ketoamine oxidase from Curvularia lavclavata.
- Tyrosine Neocosmospora vasinfecta-derived ketoamine oxidase derived from tyrosine 261, fructosyl amino acid oxidase derived from Cryptococcus neoformans tyrosine 261, fructosyl peptide oxidase derived from Phaeosphaeria nodorum tyrosine 257, fructose derived from Aspergillus nidulans Tyrosine at position 261 for tosyl amino acid oxidase, tyrosine at position 259 for fructosyl amino acid oxidase from Ulocladium sp., Fructose from Penicillium janthinellum At the amino acid oxidase, an 261 of tyrosine.
- the “position corresponding to glycine at position 263 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1” refers to the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase and the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. When compared, it means the amino acid corresponding to glycine at position 263 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1. Thereby, the amino acid sequence can be aligned and specified by the above-mentioned method of specifying “the amino acid at the corresponding position”.
- the “position corresponding to alanine at position 355 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1” means that the confirmed amino acid sequence of Amadoriase is compared with the amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. Means an amino acid corresponding to alanine at position 355 of the amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1. This can also be specified by aligning amino acid sequences by the above method.
- amadoriase derived from Eupenicillium terrenum is alanine at position 355, the ketoamine oxidase from Pyrenochaeta sp. Is alanine at position 353, the ketoamine oxidase from Arthrinium sp.
- this strain may be cultured by a normal solid culture method, It is preferable to employ the liquid culture method as much as possible.
- Examples of the medium for culturing the above strain include, for example, yeast extract, tryptone, peptone, meat extract, corn steep liquor or one or more nitrogen sources such as soybean or wheat bran leachate, sodium chloride, dihydrogen phosphate. Add one or more inorganic salts such as potassium, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, ferric chloride, ferric sulfate or manganese sulfate, and add sugar raw materials, vitamins, etc. as necessary. Used.
- Culturing is carried out at a culture temperature of 20 to 42 ° C., preferably at a culture temperature of around 37 ° C. for 4 to 24 hours, more preferably at a culture temperature of around 37 ° C. for 4 to 8 hours, aeration / agitation deep culture, shaking culture, and stationary It is preferably carried out by culturing or the like.
- the cells are subjected to ultrasonic disruption treatment, grinding treatment, or the like, or the enzyme is extracted using a lytic enzyme such as lysozyme, or shaken or left in the presence of toluene or the like for lysis. This enzyme can be discharged out of the cells. Then, this solution is filtered, centrifuged, etc.
- a normal enzyme collecting means For example, the cells are subjected to ultrasonic disruption treatment, grinding treatment, or the like, or the enzyme is extracted using a lytic enzyme such as lysozyme, or shaken or left in the presence of toluene or the like for lysis. This enzyme can be discharged out of the cells. Then, this solution is filtered, centrifuged, etc.
- nucleic acid is removed with streptomycin sulfate, protamine sulfate, manganese sulfate or the like, and then ammonium sulfate, alcohol, acetone or the like is added thereto.
- the fraction is collected and the precipitate is collected to obtain a crude enzyme of amadoriase.
- an amadoriase purified enzyme preparation further from the above crude amadoriase enzyme, for example, gel filtration method using Sephadex, Superdex, Ultrogel, etc .; adsorption elution method using ion exchanger; electrophoresis using polyacrylamide gel, etc.
- Method Adsorption elution method using hydroxyapatite; Precipitation method such as sucrose density gradient centrifugation; Affinity chromatography method; Fractionation method using molecular sieve membrane or hollow fiber membrane, etc.
- the amadoriase of the present invention obtained by the means as described above is characterized in that the substrate specificity is improved compared to that before modification as a result of mutation in the amino acid sequence by genetic modification or the like. .
- the ratio of “reactivity to ⁇ FK” to “reactivity to ⁇ FVH” or the ratio of “reactivity to ⁇ FK” to “reactivity to ⁇ FV” is reduced compared to that before modification. It is characterized by.
- the ratio of “reactivity to ⁇ FK” with respect to “reactivity to ⁇ FVH” and the ratio of “reactivity to ⁇ FK” to “reactivity to ⁇ FV” are both reduced as compared with those before modification. It is characterized by being.
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH indicating the ratio of reactivity to ⁇ FK with respect to reactivity to ⁇ FVH is 10% or more, preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more, before modification. More preferably, it is preferable to reduce by 40% or more.
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV which indicates the ratio of reactivity to ⁇ FK with respect to the reactivity to ⁇ FV, is 10% or more, preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more, more preferably, before modification. Is preferably reduced by 40% or less.
- the ratio of reactivity to ⁇ FK to the reactivity to ⁇ FVH or the ratio of reactivity to ⁇ FK to the reactivity to ⁇ FV was measured under any conditions using a known amadoriase measurement method. Can be compared. For example, at pH 7.0, the ratio of reactivity to ⁇ FK to the reactivity to ⁇ FVH is determined by dividing the activity measured by adding 5 mM ⁇ FK by the activity measured by adding 5 mM ⁇ FVH. It is possible to calculate and compare this before and after modification.
- the reactivity to ⁇ FK with respect to the reactivity to ⁇ FV is obtained.
- the ratio can be calculated and compared with the one before modification and the one after modification.
- amadoriase of the present invention having improved substrate specificity compared to that before modification is, for example, amadoriase produced by E. coli JM109 (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-Y261W) strain.
- Such an amadoriase with improved substrate specificity is well reduced in the degree to which ⁇ FK is measured as noise, and is glycated from ⁇ FVH, which is a glycated amino acid derived from the ⁇ -chain amino terminus of HbA1c, or from the ⁇ -chain amino terminus of HbA1c. Since only ⁇ FV, which is an amino acid, can be measured, highly accurate measurement can be performed, which is very advantageous for industrial use.
- Method for measuring amadoriase activity Various methods can be used as a method for measuring the activity of amadoriase. As an example, a method for measuring amadoriase activity used in the present invention will be described below.
- Examples of the method for measuring the enzyme activity of amadoriase in the present invention include a method for measuring the amount of hydrogen peroxide produced by the reaction of the enzyme and a method for measuring the amount of oxygen consumed by the enzyme reaction.
- a method for measuring the amount of hydrogen peroxide will be described.
- ⁇ FVH, ⁇ FK, or ⁇ FV is used as a substrate unless otherwise specified.
- the enzyme titer is defined as 1 U for the amount of enzyme that produces 1 ⁇ mol of hydrogen peroxide per minute when measured using ⁇ FVH, ⁇ FK, or ⁇ FV as a substrate.
- glycated amino acid such as ⁇ FK
- glycated peptide such as ⁇ FVH
- those synthesized and purified based on the method of Sakagami et al. Can be used (see JP 2001-95598 A).
- Reagent preparation (1) Reagent 1: Peroxidase, 4-aminoantipyrine solution 5.0 kU peroxidase (manufactured by Kikkoman), 100 mg of 4-aminoantipyrine (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry), 0.1 M potassium phosphate Dissolve in buffer (pH 7.0 or pH 7.5 or pH 8.0) and make up to 1000 ml.
- Reagent 1 Peroxidase, 4-aminoantipyrine solution 5.0 kU peroxidase (manufactured by Kikkoman), 100 mg of 4-aminoantipyrine (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry), 0.1 M potassium phosphate Dissolve in buffer (pH 7.0 or pH 7.5 or pH 8.0) and make up to 1000 ml.
- Reagent 2 TOOS solution 500 mg of TOOS (manufactured by Dojindo Laboratories) is dissolved in ion-exchanged water, and the volume is adjusted to 100 ml.
- Reagent 3 Substrate solution (150 mM; final concentration 5 mM) 625 mg of ⁇ FVH or 462 mg of ⁇ FK or 419 mg of ⁇ FV is dissolved in ion-exchanged water, and the volume is adjusted to 10 ml.
- a standard solution of hydrogen peroxide prepared in advance is used in place of the reagent 3 and ion-exchanged water in place of the enzyme solution, and a graph is prepared in which the relationship with the amount of dye produced is examined. Using this graph, the number of micromoles of hydrogen peroxide produced per minute at 37 ° C. is calculated, and this value is used as the activity unit in the enzyme solution.
- the culture was collected by centrifugation at 10,000 ⁇ g for 1 minute to obtain bacterial cells. From this cell, the recombinant plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T7 was extracted and purified using GenElute Plasmid Mini-Prep Kit (manufactured by Sigma Aldrich), and 2.5 ⁇ g of the recombinant plasmid pKK2233-3 was purified. CFP-T7 DNA was obtained.
- the nucleotide sequence of DNA encoding amadoriase in the plasmid was determined using a multicapillary DNA analysis system CEQ2000 (manufactured by Beckman Coulter), and the lysine at position 66 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 was substituted with glycine.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-K66G) encoding the modified amadoriase was obtained.
- the synthetic plasmids of SEQ ID NOS: 5 and 6, KOD using the recombinant plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNA as a template -Plus- (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli JM109, and determination of the DNA sequence encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-V67P) encoding a modified amadoriase in which valine at position 67 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was replaced with proline was obtained.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-K66GV67P) encoding a modified amadoriase in which the lysine at position 66 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was replaced with glycine and the valine at position 67 was replaced with proline.
- the synthetic plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNA was used as a template, and the synthetic oligonucleotides KOD, -Plus- (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli JM109, and determination of the DNA sequence encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-Q70P) encoding a modified amadoriase in which glutamine at position 70 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was replaced with proline was obtained.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-D96A) encoding a modified amadoriase in which the aspartic acid at position 96 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was substituted with alanine was obtained.
- the recombinant plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNA was used as a template and the synthetic oligonucleotides SEQ ID NO: 13, 14 KOD -Plus- (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli JM109, and determination of the DNA sequence encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-E98Q) encoding a modified amadoriase in which the glutamic acid at position 98 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was replaced with glutamine was obtained.
- the synthetic plasmids of SEQ ID NOS: 15 and 16, KOD using the recombinant plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNA as a template -Plus- (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli JM109, and determination of the DNA sequence encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-T100R) encoding a modified amadoriase in which threonine at position 100 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was replaced with arginine was obtained.
- the synthetic plasmids of SEQ ID NOS: 17 and 18, KOD using the recombinant plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNA as a template -Plus- (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli JM109, and determination of the DNA sequence encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-G103R) encoding a modified amadoriase in which the glycine at position 103 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was replaced with arginine was obtained.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-D106A) encoding a modified amadoriase in which the aspartic acid at position 106 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was substituted with alanine was obtained.
- the synthetic plasmids of SEQ ID NOS: 21 and 22, KOD using the recombinant plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNA as a template -Plus- was used for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli JM109, and determination of the DNA sequence encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-Q110A) encoding a modified amadoriase in which glutamine at position 110 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was substituted with alanine was obtained.
- a synthetic plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNA was used as a template and the synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOS: 23 and 24, KOD -Plus- (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli JM109, and determination of the DNA sequence encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-A113E) encoding a modified amadoriase in which the alanine at position 113 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was replaced with glutamic acid was obtained.
- the synthetic plasmids of SEQ ID NOS: 25 and 26, KOD using the recombinant plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNA as a template -Plus- (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli JM109, and determination of the DNA sequence encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-L114K) encoding a modified amadoriase in which leucine at position 114 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was replaced with lysine was obtained.
- the recombinant plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNA was used as a template, and the synthetic oligonucleotides SEQ ID NO: 27 and 28, KOD -Plus- (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli JM109, and determination of the DNA sequence encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-H125E) encoding a modified amadoriase in which the histidine at position 125 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was replaced with glutamic acid was obtained.
- the synthetic plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNA as a template, KOD, SEQ ID NO: 29, 30 -Plus- (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli JM109, and determination of the DNA sequence encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-S154E) encoding a modified amadoriase in which the serine at position 154 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was replaced with glutamic acid was obtained.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-D156N) encoding a modified amadoriase in which aspartic acid at position 156 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was substituted with asparagine was obtained.
- the synthetic plasmids of SEQ ID NOS: 33 and 34, KOD, using the recombinant plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNA as a template -Plus- was used for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli JM109, and determination of the DNA sequence encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFPT7-V259A) encoding a modified amadoriase in which the valine at position 259 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was substituted with alanine was obtained.
- the synthetic plasmids of SEQ ID NOS: 35 and 36, KOD using the recombinant plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNA as a template -Plus- (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli JM109, and determination of the DNA sequence encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-Y261A) encoding a modified amadoriase in which the tyrosine at position 261 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was substituted with alanine was obtained.
- the synthetic plasmids of SEQ ID NOS: 37 and 38, KOD using the recombinant plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNA as a template -Plus- (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli JM109, and determination of the DNA sequence encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-G263R) encoding a modified amadoriase in which the glycine at position 263 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was substituted with arginine was obtained.
- the recombinant plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNA was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotides SEQ ID NO: 39 and 40, KOD -Plus- (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli JM109, and determination of the DNA sequence encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-A355K) encoding a modified amadoriase in which the alanine at position 355 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was replaced with lysine was obtained.
- the ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH of the amadoriase before modification produced by the Escherichia coli JM109 (pKK223-3-CFP-T7) strain obtained from the enzyme activity measurement results was 0.316, and ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV was 0. .093.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase obtained as described above was cultured by the method described in (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases.
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH of the modified amadoriase in which aspartic acid at position 96 in the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 is substituted with alanine, serine, asparagine, and histidine are the values before modification.
- the value was lower than a certain 0.316, and both ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV were lower than 0.093, which was the value before modification.
- the above amino acid substitution was an effective substitution for the production of amadoriase with improved substrate specificity.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase obtained as described above was cultured by the method described in (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases.
- the glutamic acid at position 98 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 is replaced with amino acids other than proline, that is, glutamine, histidine, lysine, arginine, glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, cysteine.
- Serine, threonine, asparagine, aspartic acid, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan substituted amadoriase, ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH are all lower than 0.316 which is the value before modification, and ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV Both values were lower than 0.093, which was the value before modification.
- the above amino acid substitution was an effective substitution for the production of amadoriase with improved substrate specificity.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase obtained as described above was cultured by the method described in (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases.
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH of the modified amadoriase in which glycine at position 103 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 is substituted with arginine, lysine, or histidine is a value before modification.
- the value was lower than 316, and both ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV were lower than 0.093, which was the value before modification.
- the above amino acid substitution was an effective substitution for the production of amadoriase with improved substrate specificity.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase obtained as described above was cultured by the method described in (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases.
- aspartic acid at position 106 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 is converted into an amino acid having a molecular weight smaller than that of aspartic acid, that is, glycine, alanine, serine, valine, threonine, cysteine, leucine, isoleucine, asparagine.
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH of the substituted modified amadoriase is lower than 0.316 which is the value before modification
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV is lower than 0.093 which is the value before modification. It became.
- the above amino acid substitution was an effective substitution for the production of amadoriase with improved substrate specificity.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase obtained as described above was cultured by the method described in (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases.
- the ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV of the modified Amadoriase in which glutamine at position 110 is replaced with alanine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, asparagine, histidine, lysine, arginine, and the value before the modification is lower than 0.316.
- the value was lower than 0.093, which was the value before modification.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase was cultured by the method described in (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases.
- the amino acid substitution was an effective substitution for the production of amadoriase with improved substrate specificity.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase was cultured by the method described in (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases.
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH of the modified amadoriase in which the leucine at position 114 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was substituted with lysine and arginine was from the value before modification of 0.316
- the values were low, and both ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV were lower than 0.093, which was the value before modification.
- the above amino acid substitution was an effective substitution for the production of amadoriase with improved substrate specificity.
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH of the modified amadoriase in which leucine at position 114 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was substituted with glutamic acid was higher than 0.316, which was the value before modification.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase was cultured by the method described in (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases.
- glutamic acid asparagine, lysine, alanine, glutamine, arginine, leucine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine.
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV of modified amadoriase in which histidine at position 125 is substituted with asparagine, lysine, glutamine, arginine, leucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine Both values were lower than 0.093, which was the value before modification.
- the above amino acid substitution was an effective substitution for the production of amadoriase with improved substrate specificity.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase was cultured by the method described in (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases.
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH is a modified type of amadoriase in which serine at position 154 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 is substituted with glutamic acid, glycine, tyrosine, asparagine, glutamine, aspartic acid, histidine, cysteine.
- the value was lower than 0.316, which was the value before modification
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV was all lower than 0.093, which was the value before modification.
- the above amino acid substitution was an effective substitution for the production of amadoriase with improved substrate specificity.
- the ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH of the modified amadoriase in which the serine at position 154 in the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 was substituted with alanine was almost the same as 0.316, which was the value before modification, and no decrease was observed.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase obtained as described above was cultured by the method described in (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases.
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH of the modified amadoriase in which the valine at position 259 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 is substituted with alanine, cysteine, or serine is the value before modification.
- the value was lower than 316, and both ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV were lower than 0.093, which was the value before modification.
- the above amino acid substitution was an effective substitution for the production of amadoriase with improved substrate specificity.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase was cultured by the method described in (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases.
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH of the modified amadoriase in which tyrosine at position 261 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 is substituted with alanine, leucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, or lysine is the value before modification.
- the ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV of the modified amadoriase in which the tyrosine at position 261 was substituted with phenylalanine and tryptophan were both lower than 0.093, which was the value before modification. .
- the above amino acid substitution was an effective substitution for the production of amadoriase with improved substrate specificity.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase obtained as described above was cultured by the method described in (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases.
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH of the modified amadoriase in which glycine at position 263 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 was substituted with arginine, lysine, histidine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid The value was lower than 0.316, which was a value, and both ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV were lower than 0.093, which was the value before modification.
- the above amino acid substitution was an effective substitution for the production of amadoriase with improved substrate specificity.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase was cultured by the method described in (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases.
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH of the modified amadoriase in which the alanine at position 355 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 was substituted with lysine, arginine, histidine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid The ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV of the modified amadoriase in which the alanine at position 355 is replaced with lysine, arginine, or glutamic acid is lower than 0.093, which is the value before modification. Value.
- the above amino acid substitution was an effective substitution for the production of amadoriase with improved substrate specificity.
- Synthetic oligonucleotides (SEQ ID NOs: 7, 8, 17, 18, 39, 40, 51, 52, 55, 56, 87, 88, 115, 116, 131) using various recombinant plasmid DNAs shown in Table 15 as templates. 132, 135, 136, 139, 140), KOD-Plus- (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.), PCR reaction, transformation of Escherichia coli JM109 strain, and plasmid maintained by growing colonies under the same conditions as in (2) above The nucleotide sequence of DNA encoding amadoriase in DNA was determined.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain was obtained that produced a modified amadoriase in which a plurality of amino acid substitutions described in the column “amino acid mutation” in Table 15 were introduced into the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase obtained as described above was cultured by the method described in (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases.
- Use plasmids L and S shown in Table 16 were double-digested with restriction enzymes KpnI and HindIII, and a DNA fragment of about 5.3 kbp from the use plasmid L and a DNA fragment of about 0.8 kbp from the use plasmid S were each agarose gel. After separation by electrophoresis, each DNA fragment was extracted from the gel and purified by NucleoSpin Extract II (manufactured by Machelet-Nagel). Subsequently, both DNA fragments were ligated high Ver.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain was transformed with the ligated plasmid DNA, and the base sequence of the DNA encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies was determined.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain was obtained that produced a modified amadoriase in which a plurality of amino acid substitutions described in the column “amino acid mutation” in Table 16 were introduced into the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1.
- Escherichia coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase obtained as described above was cultured by the method described in (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases.
- coli JM109 (pKK223-3-CFP-T7-E98A / S154N / V259C) was inoculated into 40 ml of LB-amp medium supplemented with 0.1 mM IPTG and cultured at 30 ° C. for 16 hours.
- the obtained cultured cells were washed with 20 mM HEPES-NaOH buffer (pH 7.0), suspended in the same buffer, subjected to ultrasonic disruption, and treated at 20,000 ⁇ g for 10 minutes. Centrifugation was performed to prepare 8 ml of a crude enzyme solution.
- the prepared crude enzyme solution is adsorbed to 4 ml of Q Sepharose Fast Flow resin (GE Healthcare) equilibrated with 20 mM HEPES-NaOH buffer (pH 7.0), and then the resin is washed with 80 ml of the same buffer. Subsequently, the protein adsorbed on the resin was eluted with 20 mM HEPES-NaOH buffer (pH 7.0) containing 100 mM NaCl, and a fraction showing amadoriase activity was collected.
- Q Sepharose Fast Flow resin GE Healthcare
- the obtained fraction showing amadoriase activity was concentrated using Amicon Ultra-15, 30K NMWL (Millipore). Thereafter, it is applied to HiLoad 26/60 Superdex 200 pg (manufactured by GE Healthcare) equilibrated with 20 mM HEPES-NaOH buffer (pH 7.0) containing 150 mM NaCl, eluted with the same buffer, and fractions showing amadoriase activity. Were collected, and purified samples of wild type and modified amadoriase were obtained. The obtained purified sample was confirmed to be purified to a single band by analysis by SDS-PAGE.
- Enzyme activity was measured using ⁇ FVH, ⁇ FK, and ⁇ FV as substrates using the obtained purified samples of wild type and modified amadoriase.
- Reagent 1 Peroxidase adjusted to pH 7.0, 4-aminoantipyrine solution was used. The results are shown in Tables 17 and 18.
- the protein concentration used to calculate the specific activity was measured by a colorimetric method based on the Bradford method or an ultraviolet absorption method using absorbance at 280 nm. Specific activities calculated from the protein concentration measured by each quantification method were expressed as U / mg and U / A 280 , respectively.
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH of the modified amadoriase in which glutamine at position 110 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 is substituted with arginine and lysine is lower than 0.310 which is the value before modification.
- ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV of the modified amadoriase in which glutamine at position 110 was substituted with arginine was lower than 0.092, which was the value before modification.
- modified amadoriase in which tyrosine at position 261 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 is substituted with phenylalanine or tryptophan, glutamic acid at position 98 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 as alanine, and A modified amadoriase in which valine at position 259 is substituted with cysteine, and glutamic acid at position 98 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 are substituted with alanine, serine at position 154 with asparagine, and valine at position 259 with cysteine.
- the values of ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH and ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV calculated by measuring enzyme activity using purified samples of wild type and each modified amadoriase were determined using the crude enzyme solution of wild type and each modified amadoriase. No significant divergence was observed between the values of ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH and ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV calculated by measuring the activity. Therefore, if an improvement in substrate specificity is observed in the enzyme activity measurement using the crude enzyme solution of the modified amadoriase, the substrate specificity can also be improved in the enzyme activity measurement using the purified enzyme preparation of the modified amadoriase. It can be considered acceptable.
- Reagent 4 Peroxidase, 4-aminoantipyrine solution 7.5 kU peroxidase (Kikkoman), 150 mg of 4-aminoantipyrine (Tokyo Chemical Industry) 0.15 M potassium phosphate Dissolve in buffer (pH 6.5) and make up to 1000 ml.
- Reagent 5 TOOS solution 500 mg of TOOS (manufactured by Dojindo Laboratories) is dissolved in ion-exchanged water, and the volume is adjusted to 100 ml.
- Reagent 6 Amadoriase solution purified Amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1, and glutamic acid at position 98 of amadoriase of SEQ ID NO: 1 to alanine, serine at position 154 to asparagine, and valine at position 259 to cysteine
- the substituted modified amadoriase (SEQ ID NO: 271) was diluted with 0.01 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) to prepare 1.0 U / ml and 2.3 U / ml, respectively.
- Reagent 7 ⁇ FVH solution 625 mg of ⁇ FVH solution was dissolved in ion-exchanged water, and the volume was adjusted to 10 ml to prepare a 150 mM ⁇ FVH solution. Subsequently, a 150 mM ⁇ FVH solution was diluted with ion-exchanged water to prepare 90 ⁇ M, 180 ⁇ M, 270 ⁇ M, 360 ⁇ M, and 450 ⁇ M ⁇ FVH solutions.
- Reagent 8 150 mM ⁇ FK solution prepared by dissolving 462 mg of blood model sample ⁇ FK in ion-exchanged water and making a constant volume of 10 ml, and 150 mM ⁇ FVH solution prepared in (7) are diluted with ion-exchanged water. The following four blood model solutions were prepared.
- the modified amadoriase described in SEQ ID NO: 271 when used, even if the same concentration of ⁇ FVH and 5 times concentration of ⁇ FK coexist, the deviation from the original measured value is less than 1%, and ⁇ FVH Even if 10 times the concentration of ⁇ FK coexists, the deviation from the original measured value is less than 2%. Therefore, if the modified amadoriase described in SEQ ID NO: 271 is used, only ⁇ FVH can be accurately quantified even in a sample in which ⁇ FK coexists.
- RNA contamination was prevented by treating the prepared total RNA with DNase I (Invitrogen).
- a recombinant plasmid (pET22b-AnFX) encoding an Aspergillus nidulans fructosyl amino acid oxidase gene in which serine at position 59 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 172 was substituted with glycine was obtained.
- the resulting recombinant plasmid pET22b-AnFX was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) (manufactured by Nippon Gene) to obtain Escherichia coli producing Aspergillus nidulans-derived fructosyl amino acid oxidase.
- Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) that produces fructosyl amino acid oxidase derived from Aspergillus nidulans obtained above was shaken at 30 ° C. for 18 hours in LB-amp medium supplemented with the reagent of Overnight Express Autoinduction System 1 (manufactured by Novagen). Cultured at last. The obtained cultured cells were suspended in 10 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.5), subjected to ultrasonic disruption, and centrifuged at 20,000 ⁇ g for 10 minutes to obtain a crude enzyme solution. .
- the enzyme activity against ⁇ FV was measured by the above-mentioned B: activity measurement method, and found to be 2.2 U / ml. However, the reagent 1 for measuring the activity at this time was adjusted to pH 7.5.
- the recombinant plasmid pET22b-AnFX was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOS: 177, 178 and 179, 180, KOD-Plus -Using Toyobo Co., Ltd., PCR reaction, transformation of Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) under the same conditions as above, and determination of DNA sequence encoding fructosyl amino acid oxidase in plasmid DNA held by growing colonies went.
- recombinant plasmids (pET22b-AnFX-V259A, pET22b-) encoding the Aspergillus nidulans fructosyl amino acid oxidase gene in which the valine at position 259 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 172 was substituted with alanine and cysteine, respectively.
- AnFX-V259C was obtained.
- the recombinant plasmid pET22b-AnFX was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOS: 181, 182 and 183, 184, KOD-Plus -Using Toyobo Co., Ltd., PCR reaction, transformation of Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) under the same conditions as above, and determination of DNA sequence encoding fructosyl amino acid oxidase in plasmid DNA held by growing colonies went.
- a recombinant plasmid (pET22b-AnFX-G263K, pET22b-) encoding an Aspergillus nidulans fructosyl amino acid oxidase gene in which the glycine at position 263 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 172 was substituted with lysine and arginine, respectively.
- AnFX-G263R was obtained.
- amino acid sequence predicted from SEQ ID NO: 187 (SEQ ID NO: 188) is identical to that of the Penicillium yancineram sequence described in FIG. 1 in which the 69th leucine is replaced with tryptophan and the 142nd threonine is replaced with alanine. I did it.
- the recombinant plasmid pET22b-PcFX ′ was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOs: 189 and 190, KOD-Plus- (Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used under the same conditions as described above for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli, and determination of the base sequence of DNA encoding fructosyl amino acid oxidase in plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies.
- a recombinant plasmid (pET22b-PcFX) encoding a Penicillium chrysogenum-derived fructosyl amino acid oxidase gene in which the serine at position 60 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 188 was substituted with glycine was obtained.
- the resulting recombinant plasmid pET22b-PcFX was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3), thereby obtaining E. coli that produces penicillium chrysogenum-derived fructosyl amino acid oxidase.
- E. coli BL21 (DE3) that produces fructosyl amino acid oxidase derived from Penicillium chrysogenum obtained above was shaken at 30 ° C. for 18 hours in LB-amp medium supplemented with the reagent of Overnight Express Automation System 1 (manufactured by Novagen). Cultured. The obtained cultured cells were lysed using BugBuster Protein Extraction Reagent (manufactured by Novagen), and then centrifuged at 20,000 ⁇ g for 10 minutes to obtain a crude enzyme solution. Using this crude enzyme solution, the enzyme activity against ⁇ FV was measured by the above-mentioned B: activity measurement method, and found to be 0.090 U / ml. However, the reagent 1 for measuring the activity at this time was adjusted to pH 7.5.
- a recombinant plasmid (pET22b-PcFX-K110R) encoding a Penicillium chrysogenum-derived fructosyl amino acid oxidase gene in which the lysine at position 110 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 188 was substituted with arginine was obtained.
- the synthetic plasmid pET22b-PcFX was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOs: 193 and 194, KOD-Plus- (Toyobo Co., Ltd.).
- PCR was carried out under the same conditions as described above, transformation of Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and determination of the base sequence of DNA encoding fructosyl amino acid oxidase in plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies.
- a recombinant plasmid (pET22b-PcFX-C154D) encoding a Penicillium chrysogenum-derived fructosyl amino acid oxidase gene in which the cysteine at position 154 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 188 was substituted with aspartic acid was obtained.
- the synthetic plasmid pET22b-PcFX was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotide of SEQ ID NO: 195, 196, KOD-Plus- (Toyobo Co., Ltd.).
- PCR was carried out under the same conditions as described above, transformation of Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and determination of the base sequence of DNA encoding fructosyl amino acid oxidase in plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies.
- a recombinant plasmid (pET22b-PcFX-G263K) encoding a Penicillium chrysogenum-derived fructosyl amino acid oxidase gene in which glycine at position 263 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 188 was substituted with lysine was obtained.
- the obtained cultured cells were lysed using BugBuster Protein Extraction Reagent (manufactured by Novagen), and then centrifuged at 20,000 ⁇ g for 10 minutes to obtain a crude enzyme solution.
- enzyme activity against ⁇ FV, ⁇ FVH and ⁇ FK was measured by the above-mentioned B: activity measurement method, and ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH and ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV were calculated.
- the reagent 1 for measuring the activity at this time was adjusted to pH 7.5. The results are shown in Table 21.
- the 1332 bp gene (including the stop codon TGA) shown in SEQ ID NO: 198, which encodes the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 197 and whose codons are optimized for E. coli expression, is a total synthesis by PCR of gene fragments that are conventional methods.
- an NdeI site and a BamHI site were added to the 5 ′ end and 3 ′ end of SEQ ID NO: 1, respectively.
- the amino acid sequence predicted from the cloned gene sequence was identical to the sequence obtained by removing 34 amino acids from the C-terminal of Cryptococcus neoformans-derived fructosyl amino acid oxidase in FIG.
- the gene synthesized above is treated with two types of restriction enzymes NdeI and BamHI (Takara Bio) and inserted into the NdeI-BamHI site of pET-22b (+) Vector (Novagen).
- Recombinant plasmid pET22b-CnFX was obtained and transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3).
- Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) carrying the recombinant plasmid pET22b-CnFX was cultured with shaking at 30 ° C.
- a recombinant plasmid (pET22b-CnFX-T100R) encoding a Cryptococcus neoformans-derived fructosyl amino acid oxidase gene in which threonine at position 100 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 197 was substituted with arginine was obtained.
- a recombinant plasmid (pET22b-CnFX-S110R) encoding a Cryptococcus neoformans-derived fructosyl amino acid oxidase gene in which the serine at position 110 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 197 was substituted with arginine was obtained.
- the synthetic plasmid pET22b-CnFX was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOS: 203 and 204, KOD-Plus- (Toyobo Co., Ltd.).
- PCR was carried out under the same conditions as described above, transformation of Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and determination of the base sequence of DNA encoding fructosyl amino acid oxidase in plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies.
- a recombinant plasmid (pET22b-CnFX-S154N) encoding a Cryptococcus neoformans-derived fructosyl amino acid oxidase gene in which the serine at position 154 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 197 was substituted with asparagine was obtained.
- the recombinant plasmid pET22b-CnFX was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOS: 205, 206 and 207, 208, KOD-Plus -Using Toyobo Co., Ltd., PCR reaction, transformation of Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) under the same conditions as above, and determination of DNA sequence encoding fructosyl amino acid oxidase in plasmid DNA held by growing colonies went.
- a recombinant plasmid (pET22b-CnFX-V259A, pET22b) encoding a Cryptococcus neoformans-derived fructosyl amino acid oxidase gene in which the valine at position 259 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 197 was substituted with alanine and cysteine, respectively.
- -CnFX-V259C was obtained.
- the recombinant plasmid pET22b-CnFX was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOS: 209, 210 and 211, 212, KOD-Plus -Using Toyobo Co., Ltd., PCR reaction, transformation of Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) under the same conditions as above, and determination of DNA sequence encoding fructosyl amino acid oxidase in plasmid DNA held by growing colonies went.
- a recombinant plasmid (pET22b-CnFX-S263K, pET22b) encoding a Cryptococcus neoformans-derived fructosyl amino acid oxidase gene in which the serine at position 263 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 197 was substituted with lysine and arginine, respectively.
- -CnFX-S263R was obtained.
- threonine at position 100 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 197 is arginine
- serine at position 110 is arginine
- serine at position 154 is asparagine
- valine at position 259 is alanine or cysteine.
- ketoamine oxidase derived from Neocosmos spora basinfecta in E. coli An attempt was made to express neocosmospora basinfecta-derived ketoamine oxidase in Escherichia coli.
- the amino acid sequence of ketoamine oxidase derived from Neocosmospora vasinfecta that has already been clarified is shown in SEQ ID NO: 213 (see Patent Document 1).
- the 1326 bp gene (including the stop codon TGA) shown in SEQ ID NO: 214, which encodes the 441 amino acids shown in SEQ ID NO: 213 and whose codons are optimized for E. coli expression, is obtained by PCR using all of the usual gene fragments by PCR.
- the gene synthesized above is treated with two types of restriction enzymes NdeI and BamHI (Takara Bio) and inserted into the NdeI-BamHI site of pET-22b (+) Vector (Novagen).
- Recombinant plasmid pET22b-NvFX was obtained and transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3).
- E. coli BL21 (DE3) carrying this recombinant plasmid pET22b-NvFX was shaken and cultured at 30 ° C.
- the synthetic plasmid pET22b-NvFX was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOS: 223 and 224, KOD-Plus- (Toyobo Co., Ltd.).
- PCR was carried out under the same conditions as described above, transformation of E. coli BL21 (DE3), and determination of the nucleotide sequence of the DNA encoding ketoamine oxidase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies.
- a recombinant plasmid (pET22b-NvFX-G103R) encoding a neocosmospora basinfecta-derived ketoamine oxidase gene in which glycine at position 103 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 213 was substituted with arginine was obtained.
- the synthetic plasmid pET22b-NvFX was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOS: 225 and 226, KOD-Plus- (Toyobo Co., Ltd.).
- PCR was carried out under the same conditions as described above, transformation of E. coli BL21 (DE3), and determination of the nucleotide sequence of the DNA encoding ketoamine oxidase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies.
- a recombinant plasmid (pET22b-NvFX-E110R) encoding a neocosmospora basinfecta-derived ketoamine oxidase gene in which the glutamic acid at position 110 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 213 was substituted with arginine was obtained.
- the recombinant plasmid pET22b-NvFX was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOS: 227, 228 and 229, 230, KOD-Plus -Using Toyobo Co., Ltd., PCR reaction, transformation of Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), and determination of DNA sequence encoding ketoamine oxidase in plasmid DNA held by growing colonies under the same conditions as above It was.
- recombinant plasmids (pET22b-NvFX-S154N, pET22b) encoding a ketoamine oxidase gene derived from Neocosmospora basinfecta in which the serine at position 154 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 213 was replaced with asparagine and aspartic acid, respectively.
- pET22b-NvFX-S154D recombinant plasmids
- synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOS: 231, 232 and 233, 234, KOD-Plus using the recombinant plasmid pET22b-NvFX as a template.
- Toyobo Co., Ltd. PCR reaction, transformation of Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), and determination of DNA sequence encoding ketoamine oxidase in plasmid DNA held by growing colonies under the same conditions as above It was.
- recombinant plasmids (pET22b-NvFX-V259A, pET22b-) encoding a ketoamine oxidase gene derived from Neocosmospora basinfecta in which the valine at position 259 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 213 was substituted with alanine and cysteine, respectively. NvFX-V259C) was obtained.
- synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOS: 235, 236 and 237, 238, KOD-Plus using the recombinant plasmid pET22b-NvFX as a template.
- Toyobo Co., Ltd. PCR reaction, transformation of Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), and determination of DNA sequence encoding ketoamine oxidase in plasmid DNA held by growing colonies under the same conditions as above It was.
- recombinant plasmids (pET22b-NvFX-G263K, pET22b-) encoding a ketoamine oxidase gene derived from Neocosmospora basinfecta in which the glycine at position 263 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 213 was replaced with lysine and arginine, respectively. NvFX-G263R) was obtained.
- the synthetic plasmid pET22b-NvFX was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotides SEQ ID NOS: 239 and 240, KOD-Plus- (Toyobo Co., Ltd.).
- PCR was carried out under the same conditions as described above, transformation of E. coli BL21 (DE3), and determination of the nucleotide sequence of the DNA encoding ketoamine oxidase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies.
- a recombinant plasmid (pET22b-NvFX) encoding a ketoamine oxidase gene derived from Neocosmospora basinfecta in which the lysine at position 66 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 213 was replaced with glycine and valine at position 67 was replaced with proline.
- pET22b-NvFX a recombinant plasmid
- glutamic acid at position 98 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 213 is glutamine, histidine, lysine or arginine, glycine at position 103 is arginine, glutamic acid at position 110 is arginine, and serine at position 154 Is replaced by asparagine or aspartic acid, valine at position 259 is replaced by alanine or cysteine, and glycine at position 263 is replaced by lysine or arginine, so that ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH and ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV of the fructosyl amino acid oxidase derived from Neocosmospora basinfecta are Both values were lower than before the replacement.
- SEQ ID NO: 241 is an amino acid sequence of Amadoriase derived from Upenicilium terrenum into which a heat stability improving mutation (G184D, N272D, H388Y) has been introduced, and a gene encoding the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 241 (SEQ ID NO: 242) has been inserted.
- the activity of Eupenicillium terrenum-derived Amadoriase has been confirmed by expressing the recombinant plasmid pUTE100K′-EFP-T5 in E. coli (see International Publication No. 2007/12579).
- the recombinant plasmid pUTE100K′-EFP-T5 was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotides SEQ ID NOS: 243 and 244, KOD-Plus- (Toyo
- the DNA sequence encoding the amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli DH5 ⁇ , and the growing colonies was performed under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pUTE100K′-EFP-T5-S98A) encoding the Amadoriase gene derived from Eupenicillium terrenum in which the serine at position 98 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 241 was substituted with alanine was obtained.
- the recombinant plasmid pUTE100K′-EFP-T5 was used as a template, and the synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOs: 245 and 246, KOD-Plus- (Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used under the same conditions as described above for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli DH5 ⁇ , and determination of the base sequence of DNA encoding amadoriase in plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies.
- a recombinant plasmid (pUTE100K′-EFP-T5-K110R) was obtained that encodes the Amadoriase gene derived from Eupenicillium terrenum, in which the lysine at position 110 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 241 is substituted with arginine.
- synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOS: 249, 250 and 251, 252 using the recombinant plasmid pUTE100K′-EFP-T5 as a template, Using KOD-Plus- (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.), PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli DH5 ⁇ , and determination of the base sequence of DNA encoding amadoriase in plasmid DNA held by growing colonies were performed under the same conditions as described above.
- recombinant plasmids (pUTE100K'-EFP-T5-V259A, pUTE100K'-) encoding the Amadoriase derived from Eupenicilliumnicum in which the valine at position 259 of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 241 was substituted with alanine and cysteine, respectively.
- EFP-T5-V259C was obtained.
- the recombinant plasmid pUTE100K′-EFP-T5 was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotides SEQ ID NOS: 253, 254, KOD-Plus- (Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used under the same conditions as described above for PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli DH5 ⁇ , and determination of the base sequence of DNA encoding amadoriase in plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies.
- a recombinant plasmid (pUTE100K′-EFP-T5-G263K) was obtained that encodes the Amadoriase gene derived from Eupenicillium terrenum, in which the glycine at position 263 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 241 is substituted with lysine.
- the obtained cultured cells were suspended in 10 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.5), subjected to ultrasonic disruption, and centrifuged at 20,000 ⁇ g for 10 minutes to obtain a crude enzyme solution. .
- enzyme activity against ⁇ FV, ⁇ FVH and ⁇ FK was measured by the above-mentioned B: activity measurement method, and ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH and ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV were calculated.
- the reagent 1 for activity measurement at this time was adjusted to pH 8.0. The activity measurement results are shown in Table 24.
- a recombinant plasmid (pUTE100K′-EFP-T5) encoding the Amadoriase gene derived from Upenicilium modality in which the serine at position 98 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 241 was replaced with alanine and the valine at position 259 was replaced with cysteine.
- pUTE100K′-EFP-T5 a recombinant plasmid encoding the Amadoriase gene derived from Upenicilium modality
- the recombinant plasmid pUTE100K′-EFP-T5-K110R was used as a template, the synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOS: 247 and 248, KOD Using -Plus- (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.), the PCR reaction, transformation of E. coli DH5 ⁇ , and determination of the DNA sequence encoding amadoriase in the plasmid DNA retained by the growing colonies were performed under the same conditions as described above.
- a recombinant plasmid (pUTE100K′-EFP-T5) encoding the Amadoriase gene derived from Upenicilium modality in which the lysine at position 110 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 241 was replaced with arginine and the cysteine at position 154 was replaced with asparagine. -K110R / C154N).
- a recombinant plasmid (pUTE100K′-EFP-T5) encoding the Amadoriase gene derived from Upenicilium modality in which the lysine at position 110 of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 241 was replaced with arginine and the valine at position 259 was replaced with cysteine. -K110R / V259C).
- a plasmid (pUTE100K′-EFP-T5-S98A / K110R / V259C) was obtained.
- Recombinant plasmids pUTE100K'-EFP-T5-S98A / V259C, pUTE100K'-EFP-T5-K110R / C154N, pUTE100K'-EFP-T5-K110R / V259C, pUTE100K'-EFP-T5-S98A Escherichia coli DH5 ⁇ strains each holding / K110R / V259C were cultured with shaking in LB-amp medium supplemented with 0.1 M IPTG at 30 ° C. for 18 hours.
- the obtained cultured cells were suspended in 10 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.5), subjected to ultrasonic disruption, and centrifuged at 20,000 ⁇ g for 10 minutes to obtain a crude enzyme solution. .
- enzyme activity against ⁇ FV, ⁇ FVH and ⁇ FK was measured by the above-mentioned B: activity measurement method, and ⁇ FK / ⁇ FVH and ⁇ FK / ⁇ FV were calculated.
- the reagent 1 for activity measurement at this time was adjusted to pH 8.0. The activity measurement results are shown in Table 25.
- SEQ ID NO: 272 is the amino acid sequence of the Amadoriase derived from the genus Coniochaeta into which a heat stability improving mutation (G184D, F265L, N272D, H302R, H388Y) has been introduced, and is encoded by the gene of SEQ ID NO: 273.
- Escherichia coli JM109 (pKK223-3-CFP-T9) strain (see International Publication No. 2007/12579) having a recombinant plasmid of the Amadoriase gene (SEQ ID NO: 273) derived from the genus Coniochaeta was prepared according to the method described in [Example 1]. Culturing was conducted in the same manner, and the culture was collected by centrifugation at 10,000 ⁇ g for 1 minute to obtain bacterial cells.
- the recombinant plasmid pKK223-3-CFP-T9 was extracted and purified using GenElute Plasmid Mini-Prep Kit (manufactured by Sigma Aldrich), and 2.5 ⁇ g of the recombinant plasmid pKK223-3- CFP-T9 DNA was obtained.
- glutamic acid at position 98 is alanine and serine at position 154 is A recombinant plasmid (pKK223-3-CFP-T9-E98A / S154N / V259C) encoding a modified amadoriase in which valine at position 259 was replaced with cysteine was obtained in asparagine.
- E. coli JM109 strain having the ability to produce modified amadoriase obtained as described above is cultured by the method described in [Example 1] (3) above to prepare 0.6 ml of crude enzyme solutions of various modified amadoriases. did.
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Abstract
Description
(a)配列番号1に示すアミノ酸配列に1または数個のアミノ酸の欠失、挿入、付加、および/または置換がなされたアミノ酸配列を有し、配列番号1に示すアミノ酸配列を有するアマドリアーゼと比較して、α-フルクトシルバリルヒスチジンに対する反応性に対するε-フルクトシルリジンに対する反応性の割合が低減している。
(d)259位のバリン
(e)154位のセリン
(f)125位のヒスチジン
(g)261位のチロシン
(h)263位のグリシン
(i)106位のアスパラギン酸
(j)103位のグリシン
(k)355位のアラニン
(l)96位のアスパラギン酸
(s)66位のリジンまたは/および67位のバリン
(m)70位のグルタミン
(o)100位のスレオニン
(p)110位のグルタミン
(q)113位のアラニン
(r)114位のロイシン
(s)156位のアスパラギン酸
(3)配列番号1に示すアミノ酸配列のアミノ酸の以下(t)から(aj)よりなる群から選択される1つまたはそれ以上のアミノ酸に対応する位置のアミノ酸が、以下(t)から(aj)の各々に記載される置換後のアミノ酸残基へと置換されており、前記置換を行う前のアマドリアーゼと比較して、α-フルクトシルバリルヒスチジンに対する反応性に対するε-フルクトシルリジンに対する反応性の割合が低減しているか、および/または前記置換を行う前のアマドリアーゼと比較して、α-フルクトシルバリンに対する反応性に対するε-フルクトシルリジンに対する反応性の割合が低減していることを特徴とするアマドリアーゼ:
(t)98位のグルタミン酸がプロリン以外のアミノ酸、すなわちグルタミン、ヒスチジン、リジン、アルギニン、グリシン、アラニン、バリン、イソロイシン、ロイシン、メチオニン、システイン、セリン、スレオニン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、フェニルアラニン、チロシン、トリプトファンに置換されている;
(u)259位のバリンがアラニン、システイン、セリンに置換されている;
(v)154位のセリンがグリシン、チロシン、アスパラギン、グルタミン、アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸、ヒスチジン、システインに置換されている;
(w)125位のヒスチジンがアラニン、ロイシン、フェニルアラニン、チロシン、アスパラギン、グルタミン、グルタミン酸、リジン、アルギニンに置換されている;
(x)261位のチロシンがアラニン、ロイシン、フェニルアラニン、トリプトファン、リジンに置換されている;
(y)263位のグリシンがリジン、アルギニン、ヒスチジン、アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸に置換されている;
(z)106位のアスパラギン酸が、アスパラギン酸よりも分子量の小さいアミノ酸、すなわちグリシン、アラニン、セリン、バリン、スレオニン、システイン、ロイシン、イソロイシン、アスパラギンに置換されている;
(aa)103位のグリシンがリジン、アルギニン、ヒスチジンに置換されている;
(ab)355位のアラニンがリジン、アルギニン、ヒスチジン、アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸に置換されている;
(ac)96位のアスパラギン酸がアラニン、アスパラギン、ヒスチジン、セリンに置換されている;
(ad)66位のリジンがグリシンまたは/および67位のバリンがプロリンに置換されている;
(ae)70位のグルタミンがプロリンに置換されている;
(af)100位のスレオニンがアルギニンに置換されている;
(ag)110位のグルタミンがアラニン、ロイシン、メチオニン、フェニルアラニン、トリプトファン、アスパラギン、ヒスチジン、リジン、アルギニンに置換されている;
(ah)113位のアラニンがグルタミン酸、リジンに置換されている;
(ai)114位のロイシンがリジン、アルギニンに置換されている;
(aj)156位のアスパラギン酸がアスパラギンに置換されている。
(ba)98位のグルタミン酸に対応する位置のアミノ酸のアラニンへの置換、154位のセリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアスパラギンへの置換および259位のバリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のシステインへの置換;
(bb)98位のグルタミン酸に対応する位置のアミノ酸のアルギニンへの置換および154位のセリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアスパラギンへの置換;
(bc)98位のグルタミン酸に対応する位置のアミノ酸のグルタミンへの置換および259位のバリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアラニンへの置換;
(bd)98位のグルタミン酸に対応する位置のアミノ酸のアルギニンへの置換および259位のバリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のシステインへの置換;
(be)110位のグルタミンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアルギニンへの置換、154位のセリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアスパラギンへの置換および259位のバリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアラニンへの置換。
(ca)98位のセリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアラニンへの置換、110位のリジンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアルギニンへの置換および259位のバリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のシステインへの置換;
(cb)98位のセリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアラニンへの置換および259位のバリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のシステインへの置換;
(cc)110位のリジンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアルギニンへの置換および259位のバリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のシステインへの置換。
(ak)上記(6)記載の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(al)宿主細胞に含まれるアマドリアーゼ遺伝子を発現させる工程;および
(am)培養物からアマドリアーゼを単離する工程。
アマドリアーゼは、ケトアミンオキシダーゼ、フルクトシルアミノ酸オキシダーゼ、フルクトシルペプチドオキシダーゼ、フルクトシルアミンオキシダーゼともいい、酸素の存在下で、イミノ2酢酸若しくはその誘導体(アマドリ化合物)を酸化して、グリオキシル酸若しくはα-ケトアルデヒド、アミノ酸若しくはペプチド、および過酸化水素を生成する反応を触媒する酵素のことをいう。アマドリアーゼは、自然界に広く分布しており、微生物や、動物若しくは植物起源の酵素を探索することにより、得ることができる。微生物においては、例えば、糸状菌、酵母、若しくは細菌等から得ることができる。
これらのアマドリアーゼをコードする本発明の遺伝子(以下、単に「アマドリアーゼ遺伝子」ともいう)を得るには、通常一般的に用いられている遺伝子のクローニング方法が用いられる。例えば、アマドリアーゼ生産能を有する微生物菌体や種々の細胞から常法、例えば、Current Protocols in Molecular Biology(WILEY Interscience,1989)記載の方法により、染色体DNAまたはmRNAを抽出することができる。さらにmRNAを鋳型としてcDNAを合成することができる。このようにして得られた染色体DNAまたはcDNAを用いて、染色体DNAまたはcDNAのライブラリーを作製することができる。
本発明において用いることのできるベクターとしては、上記プラスミドに限定されることなく、それ以外の、例えば、バクテリオファージ、コスミド等の当業者に公知の任意のベクターを用いることができる。具体的には、例えば、pBluescriptII SK+(STRATAGENE社製)等が好ましい。
アマドリアーゼ遺伝子の変異処理は、企図する変異形態に応じた、公知の任意の方法で行うことができる。すなわち、アマドリアーゼ遺伝子あるいは当該遺伝子の組み込まれた組換え体DNAと変異原となる薬剤とを接触・作用させる方法;紫外線照射法;遺伝子工学的手法;または蛋白質工学的手法を駆使する方法等を広く用いることができる。
上述のように得られたアマドリアーゼ遺伝子を、常法により、バクテリオファージ、コスミド、または原核細胞若しくは真核細胞の形質転換に用いられるプラスミド等のベクターに組み込み、各々のベクターに対応する宿主を常法により、形質転換または形質導入をすることができる。例えば、宿主として、エッシェリシア属に属する微生物、例えば得られた組換え体DNAを用いて、例えば、大腸菌K-12株、好ましくは大腸菌JM109株、大腸菌DH5α株(ともにタカラバイオ社製)等を形質転換またはそれらに形質導入してそれぞれの菌株を得る。
アミノ酸配列の相同性は、GENETYX-Mac (Software Development社製)のマキシマムマッチングやサーチホモロジー等のプログラム、またはDNASIS Pro(日立ソフト社製)のマキシマムマッチングやマルチプルアライメント等のプログラムにより計算することができる。
「アミノ酸に対応する位置」とは、配列番号1に示すコニオカエタ属由来のアマドリアーゼのアミノ酸配列の特定の位置のアミノ酸に対応する他の生物種由来のアマドリアーゼのアミノ酸配列における位置をいう。
上記のようにして得られた基質特異性が改善されたアマドリアーゼの生産能を有する菌株を用いて、当該アマドリアーゼを生産するには、この菌株を通常の固体培養法で培養してもよいが、可能な限り液体培養法を採用して培養するのが好ましい。
上記のような手段で得られる本発明のアマドリアーゼは、遺伝子改変等により、そのアミノ酸配列に変異を生じた結果、改変前のものと比較して基質特異性が向上していることを特徴とする。具体的には、改変前のものと比較して、「αFVHに対する反応性」に対する「εFKに対する反応性」の割合、あるいは、「αFVに対する反応性」に対する「εFKに対する反応性」の割合が低減していることを特徴とする。または、改変前のものと比較して、「αFVHに対する反応性」に対する「εFKに対する反応性」の割合、および、「αFVに対する反応性」に対する「εFKに対する反応性」の割合がいずれも低減していることを特徴とする。
アマドリアーゼの活性の測定方法としては、種々の方法を用いることができるが、一例として、以下に、本発明で用いるアマドリアーゼ活性の測定方法について説明する。
(1)試薬1:パーオキシダーゼ、4-アミノアンチピリン溶液
5.0kUのパーオキシダーゼ(キッコーマン社製)、100mgの4-アミノアンチピリン(東京化成社製)を0.1Mのリン酸カリウム緩衝液(pH7.0またはpH7.5もしくはpH8.0)に溶解し、1000mlに定容する。
500mgのTOOS(同仁化学研究所製)をイオン交換水に溶解し、100mlに定容する。
αFVH 625mg、もしくはεFK 462mgまたはαFV 419mgをイオン交換水に溶解し、10mlに定容する。
2.7mlの試薬1、100μlの試薬2、および100μlの酵素液を混和し、37℃で5分間予備加温する。その後、試薬3を100μl加えて良く混ぜた後、分光光度計(U-3010A、日立ハイテクノロジーズ社製)により、555nmにおける吸光度を測定する。測定値は、555nmにおける1分後から2分後の1分間あたりの吸光度変化とする。なお、対照液は、100μlの試薬3の代わりに100μlのイオン交換水を加える以外は前記と同様にしたものである。これを予め作製しておいた過酸化水素の標準溶液を試薬3の代わりに、また酵素液の代わりにイオン交換水を用い、その生成色素量との関係を調べたグラフを用意する。このグラフを用いて、37℃、1分当たりに生成される過酸化水素のマイクロモル数を計算し、この数値を酵素液中の活性単位とする。
Coniochaeta属由来アマドリアーゼ遺伝子(配列番号2)の組換え体プラスミドを有する大腸菌JM109(pKK223-3-CFP-T7)株(国際公開第2007/125779号参照)を、3mlのLB-amp培地[1%(w/v)バクトトリプトン、0.5%(w/v)ペプトン、0.5%(w/v)NaCl、50μg/ml アンピシリン]に接種して、37℃で16時間振とう培養し、培養物を得た。
得られた組換え体プラスミドpKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNAを鋳型として、配列番号3、4の合成オリゴヌクレオチド、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、以下の条件でPCR反応を行った。
上記の手順により得られた上記組換え体プラスミドを保持するそれぞれの大腸菌JM109株を、0.1mMのIPTGを添加したLB-amp培地3mlにおいて、30℃で16時間培養した。得られた各培養菌体を20mMのHEPES-NaOH緩衝液(pH7.0)で洗浄した後、同緩衝液に懸濁して超音波破砕処理を行い、20,000×gで10分間遠心分離して、基質特異性確認のための酵素液0.6mlを調製した。
上述の酵素液を用いて、上記のB:活性測定法に示した方法により、αFVH、αFVおよびεFKに対する酵素活性を測定した。また、比較のために、大腸菌JM109(pKK223-3-CFP-T7)株から生産した改変前のアマドリアーゼについても、同様の測定を行った。なお、活性測定にはpH7.0に調整した試薬1:パーオキシダーゼ、4-アミノアンチピリン溶液を用いた。
基質特異性の向上に効果の高い配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の96位のアスパラギン酸を他のアミノ酸に置換し、基質特異性に優れた改変型アマドリアーゼの探索を試みた。組換え体プラスミドpKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNAを鋳型として、表2に示した合成オリゴヌクレオチド(配列番号41~46)、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記(2)と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌JM109の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の96位のアスパラギン酸が各種アミノ酸に置換された改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する大腸菌JM109株を得た。
基質特異性の向上に効果の高い配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の98位のグルタミン酸を他のアミノ酸に置換し、基質特異性に優れた改変型アマドリアーゼの探索を試みた。組換え体プラスミドpKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNAを鋳型として、表3に示した合成オリゴヌクレオチド(配列番号47~82)、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記(2)と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌JM109の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の98位のグルタミン酸が各種アミノ酸に置換された改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する大腸菌JM109株を得た。
基質特異性の向上に効果の高い配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の103位のグリシンを他のアミノ酸に置換し、基質特異性に優れた改変型アマドリアーゼの探索を試みた。組換え体プラスミドpKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNAを鋳型として、表4に示した合成オリゴヌクレオチド(配列番号83、84、255、256)、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記(2)と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌JM109の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の103位のグリシンが各種アミノ酸に置換された改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する大腸菌JM109株を得た。
基質特異性の向上に効果の高い配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の106位のアスパラギン酸を他のアミノ酸に置換し、基質特異性に優れた改変型アマドリアーゼの探索を試みた。組換え体プラスミドpKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNAを鋳型として、表5に示した合成オリゴヌクレオチド(配列番号85~100)、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記(2)と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌JM109の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の106位のアスパラギン酸が各種アミノ酸に置換された改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する大腸菌JM109株を得た。
基質特異性の向上に効果の高い配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の110位のグルタミンを他のアミノ酸に置換し、基質特異性に優れた改変型アマドリアーゼの探索を試みた。組換え体プラスミドpKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNAを鋳型として、表6に示した合成オリゴヌクレオチド(配列番号101~118)、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記(2)と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌JM109の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の110位のグルタミンが各種アミノ酸に置換された改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する大腸菌JM109株を得た。
基質特異性の向上に効果の高い配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の113位のアラニンを他のアミノ酸に置換し、基質特異性に優れた改変型アマドリアーゼの探索を試みた。組換え体プラスミドpKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNAを鋳型として、表7に示した合成オリゴヌクレオチド(配列番号119、120)、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記(2)と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌JM109の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の113位のアラニンがリジンに置換された改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する大腸菌JM109株を得た。
基質特異性の向上に効果の高い配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の114位のロイシンを他のアミノ酸に置換し、基質特異性に優れた改変型アマドリアーゼの探索を試みた。組換え体プラスミドpKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNAを鋳型として、表8に示した合成オリゴヌクレオチド(配列番号121~124)、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記(2)と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌JM109の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の114位のロイシンが各種アミノ酸に置換された改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する大腸菌JM109株を得た。
基質特異性の向上に効果の高い配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の125位のヒスチジンを他のアミノ酸に置換し、基質特異性に優れた改変型アマドリアーゼの探索を試みた。組換え体プラスミドpKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNAを鋳型として、表9に示した合成オリゴヌクレオチド(配列番号125~134、257~260)、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記(2)と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌JM109の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の125位のヒスチジンが各種アミノ酸に置換された改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する大腸菌JM109株を得た。
基質特異性の向上に効果の高い配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の154位のセリンを他のアミノ酸に置換し、基質特異性に優れた改変型アマドリアーゼの探索を試みた。組換え体プラスミドpKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNAを鋳型として、表10に示した合成オリゴヌクレオチド(配列番号135~150)、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記(2)と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌JM109の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の154位のセリンが各種アミノ酸に置換された改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する大腸菌JM109株を得た。
基質特異性の向上に効果の高い配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の259位のバリンを他のアミノ酸に置換し、基質特異性に優れた改変型アマドリアーゼの探索を試みた。組換え体プラスミドpKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNAを鋳型として、表11に示した合成オリゴヌクレオチド(配列番号151~154)、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記(2)と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌JM109の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の259位のバリンが各種アミノ酸に置換された改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する大腸菌JM109株を得た。
基質特異性の向上に効果の高い配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の261位のチロシンを他のアミノ酸に置換し、基質特異性に優れた改変型アマドリアーゼの探索を試みた。組換え体プラスミドpKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNAを鋳型として、表12に示した合成オリゴヌクレオチド(配列番号155~162)、KOD -Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記(2)と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌JM109の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の261位のチロシンが各種アミノ酸に置換された改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する大腸菌JM109株を得た。
基質特異性の向上に効果の高い配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の263位のグリシンを他のアミノ酸に置換し、基質特異性に優れた改変型アマドリアーゼの探索を試みた。組換え体プラスミドpKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNAを鋳型として、表13に示した合成オリゴヌクレオチド(配列番号163、164、261~266)、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記(2)と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌JM109の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の263位のグリシンが各種アミノ酸に置換された改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する大腸菌JM109株を得た。
基質特異性の向上に効果の高い配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の355位のアラニンを他のアミノ酸に置換し、基質特異性に優れた改変型アマドリアーゼの探索を試みた。組換え体プラスミドpKK223-3-CFP-T7 DNAを鋳型として、表14に示した合成オリゴヌクレオチド(配列番号165~168、267~270)、KOD -Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記(2)と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌JM109の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列の355位のアラニンが各種アミノ酸に置換された改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する大腸菌JM109株を得た。
表15に示した各種組換え体プラスミドDNAを鋳型として、合成オリゴヌクレオチド(配列番号7、8、17、18、39、40、51、52、55、56、87、88、115、116、131、132、135、136、139、140)、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記(2)と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌JM109株の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列に表15中の「アミノ酸変異」の欄に記載した複数のアミノ酸置換が導入された改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する大腸菌JM109株を得た。
表16に示した使用プラスミドLおよびSを制限酵素KpnI及びHindIIIで二重消化し、使用プラスミドLから約5.3kbpのDNA断片を、使用プラスミドSから約0.8kbpのDNA断片をそれぞれアガロースゲル電気泳動により分離した後、NucleoSpin Extract II(マシュレ‐ナゲル社製)によりゲルから各DNA断片を抽出、精製した。続いて、両DNA断片をLigation high Ver.2(東洋紡績社製)を用いて連結し、連結したプラスミドDNAを用いて大腸菌JM109株を形質転換し、生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号1記載のアミノ酸配列に表16中の「アミノ酸変異」の欄に記載した複数のアミノ酸置換が導入された改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する大腸菌JM109株を得た。
野生型アマドリアーゼ、および上記のようにして得られた改変型アマドリアーゼを生産する形質転換体、大腸菌JM109(pKK223-3-CFP-T7-Q110R)、および大腸菌JM109(pKK223-3-CFP-T7-Q110K)、および大腸菌JM109(pKK223-3-CFP-T7-Y261F)、および大腸菌JM109(pKK223-3-CFP-T7-Y261W)、および大腸菌JM109(pKK223-3-CFP-T7-E98A/V259C)、および大腸菌JM109(pKK223-3-CFP-T7-E98A/S154N/V259C)を、0.1mMのIPTGを添加したLB-amp培地40mlに植菌し、30℃で16時間培養した。得られた各培養菌体を20mMのHEPES-NaOH緩衝液(pH7.0)で洗浄した後、同緩衝液に菌体を懸濁して超音波破砕処理を行い、20,000×gで10分間遠心分離し、粗酵素液8mlを調製した。
次に、改変型アマドリアーゼを用いてHbA1cのβ鎖アミノ末端よりプロテアーゼ等により遊離されるαFVHを定量する際に、共存するεFKが測定値に与える影響について評価した。
(4)試薬4:パーオキシダーゼ、4-アミノアンチピリン溶液
7.5kUのパーオキシダーゼ(キッコーマン社製)、150mgの4-アミノアンチピリン(東京化成社製)を0.15Mのリン酸カリウム緩衝液(pH6.5)に溶解し、1000mlに定容する。
500mgのTOOS(同仁化学研究所製)をイオン交換水に溶解し、100mlに定容する。
精製した配列番号1記載のアマドリアーゼ、及び配列番号1記載のアマドリアーゼの98位のグルタミン酸をアラニンに、かつ154位のセリンをアスパラギンに、かつ259位のバリンをシステインに置換した改変型のアマドリアーゼ(配列番号271)を0.01Mのリン酸カリウム緩衝液(pH6.5)で希釈し、それぞれ1.0U/ml、2.3U/mlとなるように調製した。
αFVH 625mgをイオン交換水に溶解し、10mlに定容することにより、150mMのαFVH溶液を調製した。続いて、150mMのαFVH溶液をイオン交換水により希釈することで、90μM、180μM、270μM、360μM、450μMのαFVH溶液を調製した。
εFK 462mgをイオン交換水に溶解し、10mlに定容することで調製した150mMのεFK溶液と、(7)で調製した150mMのαFVH溶液をイオン交換水で希釈し、以下の4種類の血液モデル溶液を調製した。
8-2.215μM αFVH、215μM εFK
8-3.215μM αFVH、1075μM εFK
8-4.215μM αFVH、2150μM εFK
なお、ヘモグロビン濃度15g/dL、HbA1c6.1%(JDS値、NGSP値6.5%相当、IFCC値46.5mmol/mol相当)の血液では、ヘモグロビンの分子量を65kDaとすると、HbA1cのβ鎖アミノ末端から遊離されるαFVHの濃度は215μMとなる。
1.8mlの試薬4、100μlの試薬5、および100μlの試薬6を混和し、37℃で5分間予備加温する。その後、37℃で5分間予備加温しておいた試薬7を1000μl加えて良く混ぜた後、分光光度計(U-3010A、日立ハイテクノロジーズ社製)により、555nmにおける吸光度を測定し、その1分間あたりの吸光度変化量(ΔA555)を算出した。なお、対照液は、1000μlの試薬7の代わりに1000μlのイオン交換水を加える以外は前記と同様にしたものである。結果を図2に示した。図2から明らかなように、αFVH濃度と吸光度変化量(ΔA555)には相関関係が成立した。従って、配列番号1記載のアマドリアーゼ、及び配列番号271記載の改変型アマドリアーゼは共に、90μMから450μMの範囲でαFVHの定量に用いることができることを確認した。
1.8mlの試薬4、100μlの試薬5、および100μlの試薬6を混和し、37℃で5分間予備加温する。その後、37℃で5分間予備加温しておいた試薬8-1から8-4のいずれかを1000μl加えて良く混ぜた後、分光光度計(U-3010A、日立ハイテクノロジーズ社製)により、555nmにおける吸光度を測定し、その1分間あたりの吸光度変化量(ΔA555)を算出した。なお、対照液は、1000μlの試薬8-1から8-4の代わりに1000μlのイオン交換水を加える以外は前記と同様にしたものである。結果を表19に示した。表19から明らかなように、配列番号1記載のアマドリアーゼを用いた場合、αFVHと同濃度のεFKが共存すると、その測定値は本来の測定値と比較して3%弱の乖離が認められ、αFVHの5倍、10倍濃度のεFKが共存すると、その測定値は本来の測定値と比較して8%、17%の乖離が認められた。それに対し、配列番号271記載の改変型アマドリアーゼを用いた場合にはαFVHの同濃度、5倍濃度のεFKが共存しても、本来の測定値との乖離は1%弱であり、また、αFVHの10倍濃度のεFKが共存しても、本来の測定値との乖離は2%弱である。従って、配列番号271記載の改変型アマドリアーゼを用いれば、εFKが共存している試料でも正確にαFVHのみを定量することが可能である。
(a)アスペルギルス・ニードランスFGSC A26株からの全RNAの抽出
アスペルギルス・ニードランスFGSC A26株を、液体培地(0.4%イーストエキストラクト、1.0%マルツエキストラクト、0.1%トリプトン、0.1%リン酸2水素1カリウム、0.05%硫酸マグネシウム、2.0%グルコース、pH6.5)において、30℃で24時間培養した。培養後、回収した菌体を液体窒素で粉砕し、ISOGEN(ニッポンジーン社製)を用いて付属のプロトコールに従い全RNAを調製した。また、調製した全RNAをDNaseI(インビトロジェン社製)で処理することにより、DNAの混入を防いだ。
得られた全RNA1μgを用いて、PrimeScript RT-PCR Kit(タカラバイオ社製)により、付属のプロトコールに従ってRT-PCRを行った。このとき、逆転写反応ではKit付属のOligo dT Primerを用い、その後のPCR反応では配列番号169、170 に示した合成オリゴヌクレオチドを用いた。その結果、約1300bpのcDNA断片が特異的に増幅した。次に、この増幅したcDNA断片についてシーケンス解析を行った結果、配列番号171に示した1317bpからなる塩基配列であることがわかった。また、配列番号171より予想されるアミノ酸配列(配列番号172)は図1のアスペルキルス・ニードランス由来フルクトシルアミノ酸オキシダーゼの配列と一致していた。
続いて、アスペルギルス・ニードランス由来フルクトシルアミノ酸オキシダーゼを大腸菌で発現させるために、以下の手順を行った。まず、上記でクローニングしてきたcDNA断片は配列番号169、170に示した合成ヌクレオチド由来のNdeIサイトとBamHIサイトをそれぞれ5´末端と3´末端に有しているため、クローニングしてきたcDNA断片をNdeIとBamHI(タカラバイオ社製)の2種類の制限酵素で処理し、pET-22b(+)Vector(ノバジェン社製)のNdeI-BamHIサイトに挿入することで、組換え体プラスミドpET22b-AnFX´を取得した。
基質特異性を向上させるための点変異を導入することを目的として、組換え体プラスミドpET22b―AnFXを鋳型にして、配列番号175、176の合成オリゴヌクレオチド、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌BL21(DE3)の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のフルクトシルアミノ酸オキシダーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号172記載のアミノ酸配列の153位のシステインがアスパラギン酸に置換されたアスペルギルス・ニードランス由来フルクトシルアミノ酸オキシダーゼ遺伝子をコードする組換え体プラスミド(pET22b-AnFX-C153D)を得た。
上記で得られた組換え体プラスミドpET22b-AnFX、pET22b-AnFX-C153D、pET22b-AnFX-V259A、pET22b-AnFX-V259C、pET22b-AnFX-G263K、pET22b-AnFX-G263Rをそれぞれ保持する大腸菌BL21(DE3)を、Overnight Express Autoinduction System 1(ノバジェン社製)の試薬を加えたLB-amp培地において30℃で18時間振とう培養した。得られた各培養菌体を10mMのリン酸カリウム緩衝液(pH7.5)に懸濁して超音波破砕処理を行い、20,000×gで10分間遠心分離することで粗酵素液を得た。この粗酵素液を用いて、上記のB:活性測定法により、αFV、αFVH及びεFKに対する酵素活性を測定し、εFK/αFVHおよびεFK/αFVを算出した。ただし、このときの活性測定の試薬1はpH7.5に調整したものを使用した。結果を表20に示す。
(a)ペニシリウム・クリソゲナムNBRC9251株からの全RNAの抽出
ペニシリウム・クリソゲナムNBRC9251株を、液体培地(0.4%イーストエキストラクト、1.0%マルツエキストラクト、0.1%トリプトン、0.1%リン酸2水素1カリウム、0.05%硫酸マグネシウム、2.0%グルコース、pH6.5)において、30℃で24時間培養し、上記と同様の手順で全RNAを調製した。
得られた全RNA1μgを用いて、上記と同様にしてRT-PCRを行った。このとき、逆転写反応ではKit付属のOligo dT Primerを用い、その後のPCR反応では配列番号185、186 に示した合成オリゴヌクレオチドを用いた。その結果、約1300bpのcDNA断片が特異的に増幅した。次に、この増幅したcDNA断片についてシーケンス解析を行った結果、配列番号187に示した1317bpからなる塩基配列であることがわかった。また、配列番号187より予想されるアミノ酸配列(配列番号188)は、図1で記載したペニシリウム・ヤンシネラムの配列の69番目のロイシンがトリプトファンに、142番目のスレオニンがアラニンに置換されたものと一致していた。
続いて、ペニシリウム・クリソゲナム由来フルクトシルアミノ酸オキシダーゼを大腸菌で発現させるために、以下の手順を行った。まず、上記でクローニングしてきたcDNA断片は配列番号185、186に示した合成ヌクレオチド由来のNdeIサイトとBamHIサイトをそれぞれ5´末端と3´末端に有しているため、クローニングしてきたcDNA断片をNdeIとBamHI(タカラバイオ社製)の2種類の制限酵素で処理し、pET-22b(+)Vector(ノバジェン社製)のNdeI-BamHIサイトに挿入することで、組換え体プラスミドpET22b-PcFX´を取得した。
基質特異性を向上させるための点変異を導入することを目的として、組換え体プラスミドpET22b―PcFXを鋳型にして、配列番号191、192の合成オリゴヌクレオチド、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌BL21(DE3)の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のフルクトシルアミノ酸オキシダーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号188記載のアミノ酸配列の110位のリジンがアルギニンに置換されたペニシリウム・クリソゲナム由来フルクトシルアミノ酸オキシダーゼ遺伝子をコードする組換え体プラスミド(pET22b-PcFX-K110R)を得た。
上記で得られた組換え体プラスミドpET22b-PcFX、pET22b-PcFX-K110R、pET22b-PcFX-C154D、pET22b-PcFX-G263Kをそれぞれ保持する大腸菌BL21(DE3)を、Overnight Express Autoinduction System 1(ノバジェン社製)の試薬を加えたLB-amp培地において30℃で18時間振とう培養した。得られた各培養菌体をBugBuster Protein Extraction Reagent(ノバジェン社製)を用いて溶菌した後、20,000×gで10分間遠心分離することで粗酵素液を得た。この粗酵素液を用いて、上記のB:活性測定法により、αFV、αFVH及びεFKに対する酵素活性を測定し、εFK/αFVHおよびεFK/αFVを算出した。ただし、このときの活性測定の試薬1はpH7.5に調整したものを使用した。結果を表21に示す。
既知のフルクトシルアミノ酸オキシダーゼのアミノ酸配列をもとに、ゲノムデータベース(http://www.genome.jp/tools/blast/)より検索したクリプトコッカス・ネオフォルマンス由来フルクトシルアミノ酸オキシダーゼ(Cryptococcus neoformans B-3501A: GENE ID: 4934641 CNBB5450 hypothetical protein)について、C末端から34アミノ酸を除いた、配列番号197で示す443アミノ酸を大腸菌で発現させることを試みた。そこで、配列番号197のアミノ酸配列をコードし、且つ大腸菌発現用にコドンを最適化した、配列番号198で示す1332bpの遺伝子(終止コドンTGAを含む)を、定法である遺伝子断片のPCRによる全合成によりcDNAを全合成することで取得した。このとき、配列番号1の5´末端、3´末端にはそれぞれNdeIサイトとBamHIサイトを付加した。また、クローニングした遺伝子配列から予想されるアミノ酸配列は図1のクリプトコッカス・ネオフォルマンス由来フルクトシルアミノ酸オキシダーゼのC末端から34アミノ酸を除いた配列と一致していることを確認した。
基質特異性を向上させるための点変異を導入することを目的として、組換え体プラスミドpET22b―CnFXを鋳型にして、配列番号199、200の合成オリゴヌクレオチド、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌BL21(DE3)の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のフルクトシルアミノ酸オキシダーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号197記載のアミノ酸配列の100位のスレオニンがアルギニンに置換されたクリプトコッカス・ネオフォルマンス由来フルクトシルアミノ酸オキシダーゼ遺伝子をコードする組換え体プラスミド(pET22b-CnFX-T100R)を得た。
上記で得られた組換え体プラスミドpET22b-CnFX-T100R、pET22b-CnFX-S110R、pET22b-CnFX-S154N、pET22b-CnFX-V259A、pET22b-CnFX-V259C、pET22b-CnFX-S263K、pET22b-CnFX-S263Rをそれぞれ保持する大腸菌BL21(DE3)を、Overnight Express Autoinduction System 1(ノバジェン社製)の試薬を加えたLB-amp培地において30℃で18時間振とう培養した。得られた各培養菌体を10mMのリン酸カリウム緩衝液(pH7.5)に懸濁して超音波破砕処理を行い、20,000×gで10分間遠心分離することで粗酵素液を得た。この粗酵素液を用いて、上記のB:活性測定法により、αFV、αFVH及びεFKに対する酵素活性を測定し、εFK/αFVHおよびεFK/αFVを算出した。ただし、このときの活性測定の試薬1はpH7.5に調整したものを使用した。結果を表22に示す。
ネオコスモスポラ・バシンフェクタ由来ケトアミンオキシダーゼを大腸菌で発現させることを試みた。すでに明らかになっているネオコスモスポラ・バシンフェクタ由来ケトアミンオキシダーゼのアミノ酸配列を配列番号213に示した(特許文献1参照)。この配列番号213で示した441アミノ酸をコードし、且つ大腸菌発現用にコドンを最適化した、配列番号214で示す1326bpの遺伝子(終止コドンTGAを含む)を、定法である遺伝子断片のPCRによる全合成によりcDNAを全合成することで取得した。このとき、配列番号1の5´末端、3´末端にはそれぞれNdeIサイトとBamHIサイトを付加した。また、クローニングした遺伝子配列から予想されるアミノ酸配列全長は図1のネオコスモスポラ・バシンフェクタ由来ケトアミンオキシダーゼの配列と一致していることを確認した。
続いて、基質特異性を向上させるための点変異を導入することを目的として、組換え体プラスミドpET22b-NvFXを鋳型にして、配列番号215、216及び217、218及び219、220及び221、222の合成オリゴヌクレオチド、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、上記と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌BL21(DE3)の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のフルクトシルアミノ酸オキシダーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、配列番号213記載のアミノ酸配列の98位のグルタミン酸がそれぞれグルタミン、ヒスチジン、リジン、アルギニンに置換されたネオコスモスポラ・バシンフェクタ由来ケトアミンオキシダーゼ遺伝子をコードする組換え体プラスミド(pET22b-NvFX-E98Q、pET22b-NvFX-E98H、pET22b-NvFX-E98K、pET22b-NvFX-E98R)を得た。
上記で得られた組換え体プラスミドpET22b-NvFX-E98Q、pET22b-NvFX-E98H、pET22b-NvFX-E98K、pET22b-NvFX-E98R、pET22b-NvFX-E110R、pET22b-NvFX-S154N、pET22b-NvFX-S154D、pET22b-NvFX-V259A、pET22b-NvFX-V259C、pET22b-NvFX-G263K、pET22b-NvFX-G263R、pET22b-NvFX-K66GV67Pをそれぞれ保持する大腸菌BL21(DE3)を、Overnight Express Autoinduction System 1(ノバジェン社製)の試薬を加えたLB-amp培地において30℃で18時間振とう培養した。得られた各培養菌体を10mMのリン酸カリウム緩衝液(pH7.5)に懸濁して超音波破砕処理を行い、20,000×gで10分間遠心分離することで粗酵素液を得た。この粗酵素液を用いて、上記のB:活性測定法により、αFV、αFVH及びεFKに対する酵素活性を測定し、εFK/αFVHおよびεFK/αFVを算出した。ただし、このときの活性測定の試薬1はpH7.5に調整したものを使用した。結果を表23に示す。
配列番号241は熱安定性向上型変異(G184D、N272D、H388Y)を導入したユウペニシリウム・テレナム由来アマドリアーゼのアミノ酸配列であり、配列番号241のアミノ酸配列をコードする遺伝子(配列番号242)を挿入した組換え体プラスミドpUTE100K´-EFP-T5を大腸菌で発現させることにより、ユウペニシリウム・テレナム由来アマドリアーゼの活性が確認されている(国際公開第2007/125779号参照)。
上記で得られた組換え体プラスミドpUTE100K´-EFP-T5-S98A、pUTE100K´-EFP-T5-K110R、pUTE100K´-EFP-T5-V259A、pUTE100K´-EFP-T5-V259C、pUTE100K´-EFP-T5-G263Kをそれぞれ保持する大腸菌DH5α株を、0.1MのIPTGを添加したLB-amp培地において30℃で18時間振とう培養した。得られた各培養菌体を10mMのリン酸カリウム緩衝液(pH7.5)に懸濁して超音波破砕処理を行い、20,000×gで10分間遠心分離することで粗酵素液を得た。この粗酵素液を用いて、上記のB:活性測定法により、αFV、αFVH及びεFKに対する酵素活性を測定し、εFK/αFVHおよびεFK/αFVを算出した。ただし、このときの活性測定の試薬1はpH8.0に調整したものを使用した。活性測定結果を表24に示す。
ユウペニシリウム・テレナム由来アマドリアーゼ遺伝子の基質特異性向上型多重変異体を作製することで、εFKへの反応性を著しく低下させたアマドリアーゼの開発に試みた。
上記で得られた組換え体プラスミドpUTE100K´-EFP-T5-S98A/V259C、pUTE100K´-EFP-T5-K110R/C154N、pUTE100K´-EFP-T5-K110R/V259C、pUTE100K´-EFP-T5-S98A/K110R/V259Cをそれぞれ保持する大腸菌DH5α株を、0.1MのIPTGを添加したLB-amp培地において30℃で18時間振とう培養した。得られた各培養菌体を10mMのリン酸カリウム緩衝液(pH7.5)に懸濁して超音波破砕処理を行い、20,000×gで10分間遠心分離することで粗酵素液を得た。この粗酵素液を用いて、上記のB:活性測定法により、αFV、αFVH及びεFKに対する酵素活性を測定し、εFK/αFVHおよびεFK/αFVを算出した。ただし、このときの活性測定の試薬1はpH8.0に調整したものを使用した。活性測定結果を表25に示す。
配列番号272は熱安定性向上型変異(G184D、F265L、N272D、H302R、H388Y)を導入したConiochaeta属由来アマドリアーゼのアミノ酸配列であり、配列番号273の遺伝子にコードされている。
配列番号272記載のアミノ酸配列の98位のグルタミン酸をアラニンに、154位のセリンをアスパラギンに、259位のバリンをシステインに置換するために、組換え体プラスミドpKK223-3-CFP-T9 DNAを鋳型として、配列番号55、56の合成オリゴヌクレオチド、KOD-Plus-(東洋紡績社製)を用い、[実施例1}に述べた条件と同様の条件でPCR反応、大腸菌JM109の形質転換および生育コロニーが保持するプラスミドDNA中のアマドリアーゼをコードするDNAの塩基配列決定を行った。その結果、98位のグルタミン酸がアラニンに置換された改変型アマドリアーゼをコードする組換え体プラスミド(pKK223-3-CFP-T9-E98A)を得た。
Claims (11)
- 以下の(a)および/または(b)の性質を有するアマドリアーゼ:
(a)配列番号1に示すアミノ酸配列に1または数個のアミノ酸の欠失、挿入、付加、および/または置換がなされたアミノ酸配列を有し、配列番号1に示すアミノ酸配列を有するアマドリアーゼと比較して、α-フルクトシルバリルヒスチジンに対する反応性に対するε-フルクトシルリジンに対する反応性の割合が低減している;
(b)配列番号1に示すアミノ酸配列に1または数個のアミノ酸の欠失、挿入、付加、および/または置換がなされたアミノ酸配列を有し、配列番号1に示すアミノ酸配列を有するアマドリアーゼと比較して、α-フルクトシルバリンに対する反応性に対するε-フルクトシルリジンに対する反応性の割合が低減している。 - 配列番号1に示すアミノ酸配列の以下(c)から(s)よりなる群から選択されるアミノ酸に対応する位置で1つまたはそれ以上のアミノ酸残基の置換を有し、前記置換を行う前のアマドリアーゼと比較して、α-フルクトシルバリルヒスチジンに対する反応性に対するε-フルクトシルリジンに対する反応性の割合が低減しているか、および/または前記置換を行う前のアマドリアーゼと比較して、α-フルクトシルバリンに対する反応性に対するε-フルクトシルリジンに対する反応性の割合が低減していることを特徴とするアマドリアーゼ。
(c)98位のグルタミン酸
(d)259位のバリン
(e)154位のセリン
(f)125位のヒスチジン
(g)261位のチロシン
(h)263位のグリシン
(i)106位のアスパラギン酸
(j)103位のグリシン
(k)355位のアラニン
(l)96位のアスパラギン酸
(s)66位のリジンまたは/および67位のバリン
(m)70位のグルタミン
(o)100位のスレオニン
(p)110位のグルタミン
(q)113位のアラニン
(r)114位のロイシン
(s)156位のアスパラギン酸 - 配列番号1に示すアミノ酸配列のアミノ酸の以下(t)から(aj)よりなる群から選択される1つまたはそれ以上のアミノ酸に対応する位置のアミノ酸が、以下(t)から(aj)の各々に記載される置換後のアミノ酸残基へと置換されており、前記置換を行う前のアマドリアーゼと比較して、α-フルクトシルバリルヒスチジンに対する反応性に対するε-フルクトシルリジンに対する反応性の割合が低減しているか、および/または前記置換を行う前のアマドリアーゼと比較して、α-フルクトシルバリンに対する反応性に対するε-フルクトシルリジンに対する反応性の割合が低減していることを特徴とするアマドリアーゼ:
(t)98位のグルタミン酸がプロリン以外のアミノ酸、すなわちグルタミン、ヒスチジン、リジン、アルギニン、グリシン、アラニン、バリン、イソロイシン、ロイシン、メチオニン、システイン、セリン、スレオニン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、フェニルアラニン、チロシン、トリプトファンに置換されている;
(u)259位のバリンがアラニン、システイン、セリンに置換されている;
(v)154位のセリンがグリシン、チロシン、アスパラギン、グルタミン、アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸、ヒスチジン、システインに置換されている;
(w)125位のヒスチジンがアラニン、ロイシン、フェニルアラニン、チロシン、アスパラギン、グルタミン、グルタミン酸、リジン、アルギニンに置換されている;
(x)261位のチロシンがアラニン、ロイシン、フェニルアラニン、トリプトファン、リジンに置換されている;
(y)263位のグリシンがリジン、アルギニン、ヒスチジン、アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸に置換されている;
(z)106位のアスパラギン酸が、アスパラギン酸よりも分子量の小さいアミノ酸、すなわちグリシン、アラニン、セリン、バリン、スレオニン、システイン、ロイシン、イソロイシン、アスパラギンに置換されている;
(aa)103位のグリシンがリジン、アルギニン、ヒスチジンに置換されている;
(ab)355位のアラニンがリジン、アルギニン、ヒスチジン、アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸に置換されている;
(ac)96位のアスパラギン酸がアラニン、アスパラギン、ヒスチジン、セリンに置換されている;
(ad)66位のリジンがグリシンまたは/および67位のバリンがプロリンに置換されている;
(ae)70位のグルタミンがプロリンに置換されている;
(af)100位のスレオニンがアルギニンに置換されている;
(ag)110位のグルタミンがアラニン、ロイシン、メチオニン、フェニルアラニン、トリプトファン、アスパラギン、ヒスチジン、リジン、アルギニンに置換されている;
(ah)113位のアラニンがグルタミン酸、リジンに置換されている;
(ai)114位のロイシンがリジン、アルギニンに置換されている;
(aj)156位のアスパラギン酸がアスパラギンに置換されている。 - 配列番号1に示すアミノ酸配列において、以下の(ba)から(be)よりなる群から選択されるアミノ酸残基の置換を有する、請求項3記載のアマドリアーゼ:
(ba)98位のグルタミン酸に対応する位置のアミノ酸のアラニンへの置換、154位のセリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアスパラギンへの置換および259位のバリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のシステインへの置換;
(bb)98位のグルタミン酸に対応する位置のアミノ酸のアルギニンへの置換および154位のセリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアスパラギンへの置換;
(bc)98位のグルタミン酸に対応する位置のアミノ酸のグルタミンへの置換および259位のバリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアラニンへの置換;
(bd)98位のグルタミン酸に対応する位置のアミノ酸のアルギニンへの置換および259位のバリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のシステインへの置換;
(be)110位のグルタミンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアルギニンへの置換、154位のセリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアスパラギンへの置換および259位のバリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアラニンへの置換。 - 配列番号272に示すアミノ酸配列において、98位のグルタミン酸に対応する位置のアミノ酸のアラニンへの置換、154位のセリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアスパラギンへの置換および259位のバリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のシステインへの置換を有し、前記置換を行う前のアマドリアーゼと比較して、α-フルクトシルバリルヒスチジンに対する反応性に対するε-フルクトシルリジンに対する反応性の割合が低減しており、かつ前記置換を行う前のアマドリアーゼと比較して、α-フルクトシルバリンに対する反応性に対するε-フルクトシルリジンに対する反応性の割合が低減していることを特徴とするアマドリアーゼ。
- 配列番号241に示すアミノ酸配列において、以下の(ca)から(cc)よりなる群から選択されるアミノ酸残基の置換を有し、前記置換を行う前のアマドリアーゼと比較して、α-フルクトシルバリルヒスチジンに対する反応性に対するε-フルクトシルリジンに対する反応性の割合が低減しており、かつ前記置換を行う前のアマドリアーゼと比較して、α-フルクトシルバリンに対する反応性に対するε-フルクトシルリジンに対する反応性の割合が低減していることを特徴とするアマドリアーゼ:
(ca)98位のセリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアラニンへの置換、110位のリジンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアルギニンへの置換および259位のバリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のシステインへの置換;
(cb)98位のセリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアラニンへの置換および259位のバリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のシステインへの置換;
(cc)110位のリジンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のアルギニンへの置換および259位のバリンに対応する位置のアミノ酸のシステインへの置換。 - 請求項1から請求項6のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸配列をコードするアマドリアーゼ遺伝子。
- 請求項7記載のアマドリアーゼ遺伝子を含む組換えベクター。
- 請求8記載の組換えベクターを含む宿主細胞。
- アマドリアーゼを製造する方法であり、以下の工程を含む方法:
(ak)請求項9記載の宿主細胞を培養する工程;
(al)宿主細胞に含まれるアマドリアーゼ遺伝子を発現させる工程;および
(am)培養物からアマドリアーゼを単離する工程。 - 請求項1から請求項6のいずれかに記載のアマドリアーゼを含む、糖化ヘモグロビンの測定に用いるためのキット。
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US20130267007A1 (en) | 2013-10-10 |
EP2602318A4 (en) | 2014-02-26 |
KR20130105614A (ko) | 2013-09-25 |
EP2602318A1 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
CN103080308A (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
JP2017121261A (ja) | 2017-07-13 |
EP2602318B1 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
US9062286B2 (en) | 2015-06-23 |
KR102070990B1 (ko) | 2020-01-29 |
JP6538101B2 (ja) | 2019-07-03 |
CN103080308B (zh) | 2015-08-05 |
JP6176922B2 (ja) | 2017-08-09 |
JPWO2012018094A1 (ja) | 2013-10-03 |
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