WO2010143644A1 - 車両 - Google Patents
車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010143644A1 WO2010143644A1 PCT/JP2010/059742 JP2010059742W WO2010143644A1 WO 2010143644 A1 WO2010143644 A1 WO 2010143644A1 JP 2010059742 W JP2010059742 W JP 2010059742W WO 2010143644 A1 WO2010143644 A1 WO 2010143644A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- air
- pneumatic tire
- tire
- vehicle
- dimple
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/18—Tyre cooling arrangements, e.g. heat shields
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0008—Compositions of the inner liner
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C13/00—Tyre sidewalls; Protecting, decorating, marking, or the like, thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C13/00—Tyre sidewalls; Protecting, decorating, marking, or the like, thereof
- B60C13/02—Arrangement of grooves or ribs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C17/00—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C17/00—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor
- B60C17/0009—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor comprising sidewall rubber inserts, e.g. crescent shaped inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C17/00—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor
- B60C17/0009—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor comprising sidewall rubber inserts, e.g. crescent shaped inserts
- B60C17/0036—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor comprising sidewall rubber inserts, e.g. crescent shaped inserts comprising additional reinforcements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle, and more particularly to a technique capable of improving durability by delaying heat generation of a pneumatic tire during traveling.
- Tires generate cyclic distortion in the rubber part during running, and part of the energy is converted into heat to generate heat.
- the distortion of each part increases and the heat generation also increases.
- the tire's rubber temperature exceeds a certain value, the rubber starts to break. Therefore, in order to increase the durability of the tire, it is effective to keep the temperature of the running tire low.
- run-flat tires have become widespread for the purpose of convenience, safety, and expansion of cabin space.
- a side-reinforcing tire having a side-reinforcing rubber layer having a substantially crescent-shaped cross section inside each side wall is well known (for example, see Patent Document 1 below).
- the side reinforcing rubber layer supports the tire load in place of the air pressure, and as a result, the deflection of the sidewall portion is limited. This delays tire heat generation. Therefore, the run-flat tire can continue to travel for about 50 to 100 km at a speed of 60 to 80 km / h, for example, even in a punctured state (hereinafter, such travel may be referred to as “run-flat travel”).
- the rigidity of each part of the tire can be increased and the strain reduced.
- the tire reinforced by such a method has a drawback that the longitudinal spring is excessively raised, resulting in deterioration in ride comfort and increase in tire weight.
- the present invention has been devised in view of the above circumstances, and a vehicle capable of improving durability by suppressing heat generation of a tire during traveling without deteriorating riding comfort and increasing tire weight.
- the main purpose is to provide
- 1st invention of this application is a vehicle equipped with the pneumatic tire, Comprising: While the said pneumatic tire has many dimples formed in the outer surface of at least one side wall part, the said pneumatic tire is outside. It is characterized by having a cooling device that blows out the gas to be cooled from.
- the second invention of the present application is a vehicle equipped with a pneumatic tire, wherein the pneumatic tire has a thermal conductivity of at least a part of an outer surface of the sidewall portion of 0.40 W / (m ⁇ K) or more.
- a cooling device that blows out gas to the outside surface of the side wall portion provided with the good heat conductive rubber and blows out the gas to be cooled from the outside. Yes.
- the cooling device blows out the gas toward the pneumatic tire when an air pressure of the pneumatic tire becomes a predetermined value or less.
- the cooling device has a duct having an air inlet for taking in air on one end side and an outlet for blowing the air toward a pneumatic tire on the other end side. Preferably it is provided.
- the cooling device has an air inlet that takes in air on one end side, and a duct that has an air outlet that blows the air toward the brake device on the other end side; It is preferable to include a switching tool that blows out at least a part of the air flowing through the duct toward the pneumatic tire when the air pressure of the pneumatic tire decreases.
- a large number of dimples are formed on the outer surface of the sidewall portion of the pneumatic tire.
- the surface area of the sidewall portion is increased by the dimples, and heat dissipation from the tire to the atmosphere is effectively promoted.
- the dimples generate air turbulence around the tire. This turbulent flow further promotes heat dissipation from the tire to the atmosphere.
- the vehicle of this invention is provided with the cooling device which blows off the gas for cooling such a pneumatic tire excellent in heat dissipation from the outside.
- the outer surface of the sidewall portion of the pneumatic tire is formed using a good heat conductive rubber having a thermal conductivity of 0.40 W / (m ⁇ K) or more. . Therefore, the heat generated by the traveling is easily conducted to the outer surface of the sidewall portion through the good heat conductive rubber.
- the vehicle of the present invention is provided with a cooling device that blows out a gas for cooling the sidewall portion provided with the good heat conductive rubber from the outside. As a result, the heat inside the tire is efficiently released to the outside.
- both the first invention and the second invention it is possible to effectively suppress the heat generation of the running tire without excessively increasing the longitudinal spring constant of the tire.
- the pneumatic tire is a run-flat tire, the run-flat continuous travel distance and / or the run-flat travel speed can be significantly increased.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of a vehicle of the first invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part near the front right wheel.
- 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a pneumatic tire used in the vehicle of the first invention.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial side view showing a part of the sidewall portion.
- FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view showing dimples in the sidewall portion.
- 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a side view of a pneumatic tire for explaining the flow of air passing through the dimples.
- 9A and 9B are cross-sectional views showing other embodiments of the dimple.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of a vehicle of the first invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part near the front right wheel.
- 3 is a
- FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view showing another embodiment of the vehicle of the first invention.
- FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a main part near the front right wheel.
- FIG. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the travel distance index and the tire internal temperature.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view showing one embodiment of the vehicle of the second invention.
- FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of a main part near the front right wheel.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a pneumatic tire used in the vehicle of the second invention.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a pneumatic tire used in the vehicle of the second invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of an embodiment of a vehicle 1A according to the first invention.
- the vehicle 1A is, for example, a four-wheel automobile (passenger car), and the vehicle body 1a has four wheels 2, that is, a front right wheel 2FR, a front left wheel 2FL, a rear right wheel 2RR, and a rear left wheel 2RL.
- the wheels 2 that is, a front right wheel 2FR, a front left wheel 2FL, a rear right wheel 2RR, and a rear left wheel 2RL.
- FIG. 2 shows a side view of the front right wheel 2FR
- FIG. 3 shows a top view thereof as a representative.
- Each wheel 2 includes a pneumatic tire 3A and a wheel rim 4 to which the pneumatic tire 3A is assembled.
- the pneumatic tire 3A includes a tread portion 3a that contacts the road surface, a pair of sidewall portions 3b that extend inward in the tire radial direction from both ends thereof, and each sidewall portion.
- a belt layer 3f made of a metal cord disposed outside the carcass 3e and inside the tread portion 3a is provided.
- the pneumatic tire 3A of the present embodiment is a run-flat tire in which a side reinforcing rubber layer 3g having a substantially crescent-shaped cross section is disposed inside the carcass 3e and on each sidewall portion 3b.
- the side reinforcing rubber layer 3g is relatively relatively thin so as to prevent a significant deterioration in the riding comfort during normal running and to increase the bending rigidity of the sidewall portion 3b and to suppress the vertical deflection of the tire during run flat running.
- a hard rubber composition is preferably used.
- the JIS durometer A hardness of the side reinforcing rubber layer 3g is preferably 60 ° or more, more preferably 65 ° or more, and the upper limit thereof is preferably 95 ° or less, more preferably 90 ° or less.
- An inner liner having excellent air impermeability is disposed on the inner surface 3i of the tire.
- the run-flat tires described above do not immediately stop running even when punctured. For example, at a high speed of 80 km / h, the distance to a safe parking place such as the nearest gas station (for example, about 50 to 100 km) You can travel. However, the vehicle 1A of the present invention does not have a run-flat tire as an essential constituent requirement.
- a large number of dimples 13 are formed on the outer surfaces of at least one of the pneumatic tires 3A, in this embodiment, both sidewall portions 3b.
- the outer surface of the sidewall portion 3b is a region that is visible when the tire 3 mounted on the wheel rim 4 is viewed from the axial direction.
- the dimple has an advantage that the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis is small in a plan view, and the retention of air like a groove hardly occurs. This is because the retention of air reduces the heat dissipation of the tire.
- the “major axis” is the length of the longest line segment that can be drawn in the contour when the dimple is viewed from infinity
- the “minor axis” is the line segment in the direction orthogonal to the longest line segment. Is the length of
- the dimple 13 preferably has a ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of 3.0 or less, particularly 2.0 or less, more preferably 1.5 or less. Note that this ratio is 1.0 for a circular dimple in plan view.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged side view in which the side wall 3b of the tire 3 in FIG. 4 is developed in a plane
- FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view thereof
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view along the line AA in FIG.
- the cross section through The dimple 13 of the present embodiment has a circular surface shape.
- the surface shape of the dimple 13 means a contour shape when the dimple is viewed from infinity.
- the dimple 13 is recessed toward the inside of the tire. Thereby, the surface area of the side wall part 3b becomes larger than that when it is assumed that the dimple 13 does not exist. This increases the contact area between the tire 3 and the air and promotes heat dissipation.
- the dimple 13 of the present embodiment includes a ring-shaped slope surface 13a and a circular bottom surface 13b composed of a substantially flat surface connected to the inner end of the slope surface 13a.
- FIG. 8 shows a side view of the tire 3, and the flow of air around the tire 3 is indicated by a two-dot chain line.
- air flows across the dimples 13. A part of this air flows into the dimple 13 along the slope surface 13a.
- a vortex is generated in the flow.
- This turbulent flow effectively promotes the release of heat from the sidewall portion 3b to the atmosphere. Therefore, damage such as breakage of the rubber member of the tire due to heat and peeling between the rubber members is suppressed over a long period of time.
- the air forming the vortex flows along the slope surface 13 a and the bottom surface 13 b inside the dimple 13. This air flows out of the dimple 13 smoothly. Therefore, in the tire 3 in which the dimples 13 are formed in the sidewall portion 3b, the retention of air is less likely to occur and the heat dissipation effect is superior to the conventional tire in which the convex portion is provided in the sidewall portion.
- the dimensions and the like of the dimple 13 are not particularly limited.
- the diameter D of the dimple 13 is preferably 2 mm or more, more preferably 4 mm or more, further preferably 6 mm or more, and most preferably 8 mm or more. Air can sufficiently flow into such dimples 13 to generate the turbulent flow.
- the upper limit is preferably 70 mm or less, more preferably 50 mm or less, further preferably 40 mm or less, particularly preferably 30 mm or less. Most preferably, it is 18 mm or less.
- the diameter of the non-circular dimple is obtained as that of a circular dimple having the same area as that of the non-circular dimple.
- the dimple 13 may include two or more kinds of dimples having different diameters. In this case, it is desirable that the average diameter of the dimples is also within the numerical range.
- the depth e of the dimple 13 is the shortest distance between the straight line 13c connecting the upper edges of the slope surface 13a of the dimple 13 and the deepest portion, for example, 0.1 mm or more, preferably 0.2 mm or more, more preferably It is desirable that the thickness be 0.3 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 mm or more, particularly preferably 0.7 mm or more, and most preferably 1.0 mm or more. Accordingly, it is possible to provide the dimple 13 that increases the surface area and enhances heat dissipation. In view of the rubber thickness of the sidewall portion 3b, the depth e of the dimple 13 is preferably 4 mm or less, more preferably 3.0 mm or less, and even more preferably 2.0 mm or less.
- the dimple 13 may include two or more types having different depths.
- the ratio (e / D) between the depth e and the diameter D of the dimple 13 is preferably 0.01 or more and 0.5 or less. Such dimples 13 cause a sufficient turbulent flow.
- the ratio (e / D) is: Preferably it is 0.03 or more, more preferably 0.05 or more, and the upper limit is preferably 0.4 or less, more preferably 0.3 or less.
- the dimple 13 has a substantially trapezoidal cross-sectional shape.
- the shape of the dimple 13 is a truncated cone.
- the dimple 13 has a large volume for the depth e. Therefore, a sufficient volume and a small depth e are compatible. By setting the small depth e, a sufficient thickness can be secured for rubber covering the outer surface of the sidewall portion 3b, such as sidewall rubber.
- the angle ⁇ is preferably 10 ° or more and 70 ° or less.
- the angle ⁇ is more preferably 20 ° or more, further preferably 25 ° or more, and the upper limit is preferably 60 ° or less, more preferably 55 ° or less.
- the ratio (d / D) between the diameter d of the bottom surface 13b and the diameter D of the dimple 13 is preferably 0.40 or more and 0.95 or less.
- a sufficient volume and a small depth e can be compatible.
- the ratio (d / D) is desirably 0.55 or more, more preferably 0.65 or more, and the upper limit thereof is preferably 0.85 or less, more preferably 0.80 or less. desirable.
- the volume of the dimple 13 is preferably 1.0 mm 3 or more and 400 mm 3 or less. Such dimples 13 can generate a sufficient turbulent flow. In order to further enhance this action, the volume is preferably 1.5 mm 3 or more, more preferably 2.0 mm 3 or more, and the upper limit is preferably 300 mm 3 or less, more preferably 250 mm 3 or less.
- the tire 3 having the total value of 300 mm 3 or more can exhibit sufficient heat dissipation.
- the total value is as follows.
- Preferably 600 mm 3 or more, more preferably 800 mm 3 or more is desirable and the upper limit thereof is preferably 1000000Mm 3 or less, more preferably 500000Mm 3 or less.
- the occupation ratio of the dimple 13 is preferably 10% or more and 85% or less.
- “S1” is the area of the dimple 13 included in the reference region
- “S2” is the surface area of the reference region when it is assumed that there is no dimple 13.
- the reference region is a region that is 20% or more and 80% or less of the tire cross-section height H from the bead base line BL as a main region on the outer surface of the sidewall portion 3b.
- the occupation ratio Y is more preferably 30% or more, further preferably 40% or more
- the upper limit is preferably 80% or less, more preferably 75% or less.
- the minimum distance K between adjacent dimples 13 is preferably 0.05 mm or more and 20 mm or less.
- the interval K is more preferably 0.10 mm or more, further preferably 0.20 mm or more, and the upper limit thereof is preferably 15 mm or less, more preferably 10 mm or less.
- the total number of dimples 13 is preferably 50 or more and 5000 or less. Thereby, sufficient heat dissipation and the damage resistance of sidewall rubber are ensured.
- the total number is preferably 100 or more, more preferably 150 or more, and the upper limit is preferably 2000 or less, more preferably 1000 or less. Note that the total number of dimples is the number in one side wall portion.
- the dimple 13 can include non-circular dimples instead of or together with the circular one.
- Typical planar shapes of non-circular dimples include polygons, ellipses, ellipses and / or teardrops (tear drop type).
- the tire 3 since the tire 3 rotates, the air flow direction with respect to the dimples 13 provided in the sidewall portion 3b is not constant. Therefore, the tire 3 is most preferably a dimple 13 having no directionality, that is, a dimple 13 having a circular planar shape as in this embodiment.
- a large number of dimples 13 are arranged in a multistage multi-row and staggered pattern in the tire circumferential direction and the tire radial direction. This arrangement is continuous in the tire circumferential direction. Accordingly, six dimples 13 are adjacent to each other so as to surround one dimple 13. In such a dimple arrangement, the locations where turbulence is generated are uniformly distributed, heat is evenly released on the outer surface of the sidewall portion 3b, and an excellent tire cooling effect is exhibited.
- a large number of dimples 13 may be arranged at random.
- FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of the dimple 13 of another embodiment.
- the thing of Fig.9 (a) is a circular dimple,
- the cross-sectional shape is formed in circular arc shape so that it may comprise a part of ball
- the radius R is preferably 3 mm or more and 200 mm or less.
- the ratio (R1 / R2) of the radius of curvature R1 and the radius of curvature R2 (R1 / R2) is preferably 0.1 or more and 0.00 in order to make the air flow through the dimple 13 smooth. 8 or less is desirable.
- the ratio (R1 / R2) is more preferably 0.2 or more, further preferably 0.3 or more, and the upper limit thereof is preferably 0.7 or less, more preferably 0.6. The following is desirable.
- the wheel rim 4 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and includes a rim portion 4a on which the pneumatic tire 3A is mounted, and a disk portion 4b fixed or molded integrally with the rim portion 4a.
- the disk portion 4b is fixed to a hub (not shown) via a brake device 5 including a brake rotor 5a and a caliper 5b having a brake pad.
- the hub is attached to the knuckle 6 via a bearing or the like. Further, the knuckle 6 is provided on the vehicle body 1a via the suspension device S so as to move up and down and turn.
- the vehicle 1A is provided with an air pressure monitoring device 7 for monitoring the air pressure of each wheel 2.
- an air pressure monitoring device 7 for monitoring the air pressure of each wheel 2.
- a direct type or an indirect type is known as the air pressure monitoring device 7.
- a pressure sensor for detecting the tire air pressure is incorporated in each wheel 2.
- the pressure sensor may be configured integrally with an air valve, for example.
- An electric signal corresponding to the air pressure detected by the pressure sensor is sent to a control device 14 (described later) on the vehicle body side via a signal line via radio or a slip ring.
- a sensor for detecting the rotational speed of each wheel 2 is used for the indirect air pressure monitoring device 7.
- the sensor output signal is input to a control device 14 such as a microcomputer.
- the wheel 2 in which the air pressure fell is specified by performing a predetermined calculation using this signal. That is, in the indirect type air pressure monitoring device 7, when the air pressure of the pneumatic tire 3A decreases, the dynamic rotation radius decreases (that is, the rotation speed increases as compared with other wheels having normal air pressure). This is used to identify the wheel 2 whose air pressure has decreased from the rotational speed ratio of the four wheels (see, for example, Japanese Patent No. 4028848).
- the indirect air pressure monitoring device is simple in structure, it has problems such as detection accuracy problems and inability to detect when the air pressure of all four wheels is reduced.
- the direct type air pressure monitoring device there is no disadvantage like the indirect type, but there is a possibility that the device cost may increase. Therefore, it is desirable to properly use them depending on the vehicle to be used.
- the vehicle 1A is provided with a cooling device 8 that blows out a gas G that cools the pneumatic tire 3A from the outside.
- the cooling device 8 is configured to be operated when the air pressure of the pneumatic tire 3A is reduced. Therefore, in the vehicle 1A of the present embodiment, the gas G is blown from the outside to the tire 3 that tends to generate heat that travels in a state where the air pressure is lowered, and the heat can be taken away and cooled.
- the dimples 13 are formed on the outer surface of the sidewall portion 3b of the tire 3, the durability of the tire 3 is critically improved by the synergistic action with the cooling device 8.
- the heat generation of the pneumatic tire 3A that travels at a low air pressure is suppressed without excessively increasing the longitudinal spring constant of the tire 3 (that is, without significantly deteriorating the ride comfort). , Durability can be improved significantly. Further, as in the present embodiment, when the pneumatic tire 3A is a run flat tire, the run flat continuous travel distance and / or the run flat travel speed can be remarkably increased.
- the cooling device 8 of the present embodiment has an air inlet 9i that takes in air on one end side, and blows out the air on the other end side.
- a duct 9 having 9o a switching tool 10 for blowing at least a part of the air flowing through the duct 9 toward the pneumatic tire 3A when the air pressure of the pneumatic tire 3A decreases, and the switching tool 10 and the like.
- a control device 14 for controlling.
- the air inlet 9i of the duct 9 is provided so as to open in the front, for example, in the front grill portion or bonnet bulge (both not shown) of the vehicle 1A.
- air can be taken in naturally to the air inlet 9i by driving
- an air filter f or the like is attached to the air introduction port 9i.
- the duct 9 of the present embodiment is branched into, for example, four on the downstream side of the air inlet 9i, and each branch pipe 9a to 9d extends to the vicinity of the four wheels 2. Further, on the most downstream side of each branch pipe 9a to 9d, an air outlet 9o for blowing out air guided by the duct 9 is provided.
- the vicinity of the outlet of each branch pipe 9 a to 9 d is configured as a flexible part 22 that can be bent and deformed.
- the switching tool 10 of the present embodiment includes a linear movement type actuator 11.
- the actuator 11 can employ various types such as those using fluid pressure or those obtained by converting the rotary motion of the electric motor into linear motion.
- the actuator 11 includes, for example, a cylindrical main body 11a fixed to the chassis of the vehicle body 1a and a rod portion 11b that can be protruded and retracted from the main body 11a so as not to interfere with the wheel house cover 19 and the suspension device S.
- the actuator 11 is attached such that the rod portion 11b moves in the length direction of the vehicle body 1a.
- the specific attachment mode can be variously modified.
- the tip of the rod portion 11 b is fixed to the vicinity of the air outlet 9 o of the duct 9 via the connector 12.
- the actuator 11 is in a position where the rod portion 11b is contracted as an initial state.
- the air outlet 9o of the duct 9 is arranged at a position A directed to the brake device. More specifically, it arrange
- the actuator 11 can move the air outlet 9o of the duct 9 by extending the rod portion 11b, and can be arranged at the position B directed to the pneumatic tire 3A. it can. More specifically, it arrange
- the air outlet 9o can be provided at the upper part of the pneumatic tire 3A, and air can be blown to the tread portion 3a.
- a plurality of air outlets 9o may be provided in each branch pipe, and the pneumatic tire 3A may be cooled more efficiently, for example, by blowing air simultaneously to the tread portion 3a and the sidewall portion 3b.
- the control device 14 receives a detection signal from an air pressure monitoring device 7 provided on each wheel 2. Based on the input detection signal, the control device 14 determines and specifies the pneumatic tire 3A whose air pressure has become equal to or lower than a predetermined value as a low air pressure or a punctured tire, and for the tire.
- the switching tool 10 can be controlled to blow out at least a part of the air in the duct 9 toward the pneumatic tire 3A.
- the control device 14 does not particularly switch the switching tool 10. Therefore, the air taken in from the air inlet 9i of the duct 9 is blown to the brake devices 5 of the respective wheels 2 through the branch pipes 9a to 9d. Thereby, the brake device 5 is cooled and the braking effect is enhanced.
- the control device 14 determines the front right wheel based on the detection signal from the air pressure monitoring device 7. It is determined that the air pressure of the 2FR pneumatic tire 3A is equal to or lower than a predetermined air pressure, and a drive signal is output to the switching tool 10 to extend the rod portion 11b. Thereby, as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 3, the outlet 9o of the branch pipe 9a is switched to the position B directed to the sidewall portion 3b of the pneumatic tire 3A. Therefore, during traveling of the vehicle 1A, all the air flowing through the branch pipe 9a can be blown onto the sidewall portion 3b provided with the dimples 13 of the low-pneumatic pneumatic tire 3A to cool it.
- the cooling device 8 of the present embodiment blows the air flowing through the duct 9 toward the brake device 5 mounted on each wheel 2 during normal traveling of the vehicle in which the pneumatic tire 3A does not have a reduced air pressure. , Enhance its braking effect.
- the air pressure of the pneumatic tire 3A decreases, the air flowing through the duct 9 is blown out and cooled toward the pneumatic tire 3A, and the temperature rise is delayed.
- filled since air is sprayed on the brake device 5 as before, overheating of the brake device 5 can be prevented continuously.
- the air pressure P1 at which the cooling device 8 operates is desirably set to a puncture state in which the heat generation is most serious.
- the air pressure P1 is a normal internal pressure set by a standard or the like (for example, “maximum air pressure” for JATMA, table ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ “TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION for TRA). It is possible to set the air pressure (for example, about 50% of the normal internal pressure) lower than the maximum value described in “PRESSURES”, in the case of ETRTO, “INFLATION PRESSURE” etc.).
- air is used as the gas G, but various gases other than air can be adopted as long as the pneumatic tire 3A can be cooled.
- a gas cylinder or the like containing a gas other than air can be mounted on the vehicle 1A, and the gas G can be sprayed onto the low-pneumatic pneumatic tire 3A.
- the gas G needs to be lower than the temperature of the tire, particularly the temperature of the tread portion 3a and the sidewall portion 3b, in order to cool the pneumatic tire 3A that is running.
- the gas G is preferably blown out toward the pneumatic tire 3A at a temperature of preferably 60 ° C. or lower, more preferably 50 ° C. or lower, and even more preferably 40 ° C. or lower.
- a heat exchanger 20 such as an intercooler can be included in the middle of the duct 9 in order to lower the air temperature.
- the switching tool 10 when the air pressure of the pneumatic tire 3A falls to P1, the switching tool 10 is switched immediately and air is sprayed on the pneumatic tire 3A,
- the drive signal of the switching tool 10 can be output after a predetermined time has been delayed from the time when the air pressure of the pneumatic tire 3A has decreased to P1.
- the brake device 5 can be cooled to the limit by switching so that air is discharged to the pneumatic tire 3A after the tire has sufficiently generated heat.
- a switching valve 15 as a switching tool 10 is connected to the downstream side of each branch pipe 9 a to 9 d of the duct 9. Further, the switching valve 15 includes a first branch pipe 16 at a position A where the air outlet 9o is directed to the brake device, and a position B where the air outlet 9o is directed to the sidewall portion 3b of the pneumatic tire 3A. A certain second branch pipe 17 is connected.
- the switching valve 15 is, for example, an electromagnetic valve, and the control device 14 can switch the air flowing through the duct 9 to the first branch pipe 16 or the second branch pipe 17 and discharge it.
- the control device 14 switches the switching valve 15 so that the air in the duct 9 flows to the first branch pipe 16 during normal traveling when the pneumatic pressure of the pneumatic tire 3A is not reduced. Thereby, the air which flows through the duct 9 can be sprayed toward the brake device 5 with which each wheel 2 was equipped, and the braking effect can be improved.
- the control device 14 when the air pressure of one pneumatic tire 3A decreases, the control device 14 outputs a valve switching signal to the switching valve 15 of the wheel 2 where the air pressure has decreased, and the air in the duct 9 becomes the second branch pipe 17. Switch to flow. Thereby, the air flowing through the duct 9 is blown out toward the sidewall portion 3b where the dimples 13 of the pneumatic tire 3A are provided, and as a result, the pneumatic tire 3A during low-air travel can be cooled.
- the switching valve 15 may be a valve that can supply air to both the first branch pipe 16 and the second branch pipe 17 and change the discharge ratio thereof.
- the air in the duct 9 is blown at a rate of, for example, 80% to the pneumatic tire 3A and 20% to the brake device, and the pneumatic tire 3A and the brake device depending on the situation. 5 can be prevented from generating heat.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented with various modifications. As yet another modification, the present invention includes at least the following aspects.
- the cooling device 8 also cools the brake device.
- the cooling device 8 can also blow out part of the air toward a vehicle-mounted heat generating device such as a turbocharger turbine or radiator.
- the cooling device 8 can blow out the gas that cools the pneumatic tire 3A from the outside even before the air pressure of the pneumatic tire 3A decreases. Even in this case, since heat generation of the tire can be suppressed, energy loss is reduced and rolling resistance is reduced. Therefore, the fuel consumption of the vehicle 1A can be improved. (Example A)
- the front right wheel is in a punctured state with zero air pressure (the other three wheels are 230 kPa), and the high-speed driving test course on the dry asphalt road surface at an average driving speed of 80 km / h (weather: sunny, temperature 24 ° C) ) was run continuously, and the run-flat mileage until the tire broke was examined.
- the cooling device was always operated, and air was blown to the sidewall portion inside the vehicle of the tire punctured at an average wind speed of about 50.4 km / h.
- Comparative Example 1A no dimples and no cooling device operation
- Comparative Example 2A no dimples and cooling device operation
- Comparative Example 3A dos and no cooling device operation
- FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the travel distance index and tire temperature of Comparative Examples 1A, 2A and Example 1A as a representative example.
- the temperature is an atmospheric temperature inside the tire measured by a temperature sensor in the vicinity of the air valve of the tire.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view of one embodiment of a vehicle 1B according to the second invention.
- the vehicle 1B is a four-wheel automobile (passenger car), similar to the vehicle 1A.
- the vehicle body 1a has four wheels 2, that is, a front right wheel 2FR, a front left wheel 2FL, and a rear right wheel. 2RR and rear left wheel 2RL are mounted.
- Each wheel 2 includes a pneumatic tire 3B and a wheel rim 4 to which the pneumatic tire 3B is assembled, as shown in FIGS.
- the vehicle 1A of the first invention differs from the vehicle 1B of the second invention in the pneumatic tires to be mounted.
- the pneumatic tire 3A mounted on the vehicle 1A of the first invention requires that a large number of dimples 13 be formed on the outer surface of at least one of the sidewall portions 3b.
- the pneumatic tire 3B mounted on the vehicle 1B of the second invention uses a good heat conductive rubber in which at least a part of the outer surface of the sidewall portion 3b has a thermal conductivity of 0.40 W / (m ⁇ K) or more. It is necessary to be formed.
- the pneumatic tire 3B includes a tread portion 3a, a sidewall portion 3b, a bead portion 3c, a carcass 3e, and a belt layer 3f.
- the pneumatic tire 3B is formed as a run-flat tire in which a side reinforcing rubber layer 3g having a substantially crescent-shaped cross section is arranged on the inner side of each carcass 3e and on each sidewall portion 3b, like the pneumatic tire 3A.
- a side reinforcing rubber layer 3g having a substantially crescent-shaped cross section is arranged on the inner side of each carcass 3e and on each sidewall portion 3b, like the pneumatic tire 3A.
- the vehicle 1B according to the second aspect of the invention does not have a run-flat tire as an essential component.
- the pneumatic tire 3B includes a tread rubber TG disposed on the outer side of the belt layer 3f of the tread portion 3a, a sidewall rubber SG disposed on the outer side of the carcass 3e of the sidewall portion 3b and extending inward and outward in the tire radial direction, A bead rubber BG that is connected to the side wall rubber SG and disposed in the bead portion 3c is provided.
- At least a part of the outer surface of at least one of the sidewall portions 3b is formed using a good heat conductive rubber having a thermal conductivity of 0.40 W / (m ⁇ K) or more.
- a good heat conductive rubber having a thermal conductivity of 0.40 W / (m ⁇ K) or more.
- each of the pair of sidewall rubbers SG disposed on both sides of the tire equator C is formed of the good heat conductive rubber.
- the outer surface of the side wall part 3b is formed with good heat conductive rubber.
- Such a good heat conductive rubber can be easily obtained, for example, by crosslinking a rubber composition containing a base rubber and a heat conductive material dispersed in the base rubber.
- the heat inside the tire generated by traveling for example, the heat of the side reinforcing rubber layer 3g generated at the time of low internal pressure traveling or the run flat traveling with complete puncture, is adjoined via the carcass 3e. It is easily conducted to the outer surface of the sidewall portion 3b through the sidewall rubber SG made of the good heat conductive rubber, and is released to the outside of the tire by coming into contact with the atmosphere. Therefore, the temperature rise during traveling of the pneumatic tire 3B is suppressed, and the durability of the tire is improved.
- the heat conductivity of the good heat conducting rubber is more preferably 0.45 W / (m ⁇ K) or more, and still more preferably 0.70 W / (m ⁇ K) or more. Particularly desirable.
- the upper limit of the thermal conductivity of the good heat conductive rubber is preferably 4.0 W / (m ⁇ K) or less.
- both the tread rubber TG and the bead rubber BG are made of non-good heat conductive rubber having a thermal conductivity of less than 0.40 W / (m ⁇ K). Therefore, the pneumatic tire 3B of the present embodiment also does not deteriorate the riding comfort and the wear resistance of the tread rubber TG that contacts the road surface and the bead rubber BG that contacts the wheel rim 4.
- the side reinforcing rubber layer 3g may be formed using the good heat conductive rubber.
- the heat of the side reinforcing rubber layer 3g is more effectively conducted to the outer surface of the sidewall portion 3b, and the heat dissipation effect is further improved.
- the thermal conductivity of the rubber material is a value measured under the following conditions using a measuring instrument “QTM-D3” manufactured by Kyoto Electronics Industry Co., Ltd. Measurement temperature: 25 ° C Measurement time: 60 seconds Test piece: Plate-like, 100 mm long, 50 mm wide, 10 mm thick, and the surface is smooth.
- the base rubber of the good heat conductive rubber examples include natural rubber (NR), epoxidized natural rubber (ENR), polybutadiene (BR), styrene-butadiene copolymer (SBR), polyisoprene (IR), isobutylene- Isoprene copolymer (IIR), acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer (NBR), polychloroprene (CR), styrene-isoprene-butadiene copolymer (SIBR), styrene-isoprene copolymer and isoprene-butadiene copolymer. Illustrated. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. From the viewpoint of crack resistance and processability, the base rubber is preferably a diene rubber. In particular, the ratio of the amount of the diene rubber to the total amount of the base rubber is preferably 40% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass or more.
- thermally conductive material examples include metal powder, metal oxide powder (eg, true spherical alumina), metal fiber, and carbon fiber.
- the thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive substance alone is preferably 100 W / (m ⁇ K) or more, more preferably 120 W / (m ⁇ K) or more.
- Particularly preferable heat conductive material is coal pitch-based carbon fiber.
- the raw material of the coal pitch-based carbon fiber is a liquid crystal in which molecules are aligned in one direction. Therefore, this carbon fiber has a high thermal conductivity, and in particular, the thermal conductivity in the axial direction of the fiber is preferably 500 W / (m ⁇ K) or more. By dispersing such carbon fibers in the base rubber, a good thermal conductive rubber having high thermal conductivity can be easily obtained.
- the coal pitch-based carbon fiber is obtained by subjecting the pitch fiber to graphitization.
- pitch fiber materials include coal tar, coal tar pitch, and coal liquefaction.
- An example of a method for producing a coal pitch-based carbon fiber is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-331536.
- the coal pitch-based carbon fiber is particularly preferably one having a structure in which polycyclic aromatic molecules are stacked in layers.
- a trade name “K6371” of Mitsubishi Plastics, Inc. can be exemplified.
- the average diameter of the coal pitch-based carbon fiber is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 3 ⁇ m or more, and still more preferably 5 ⁇ m in order to obtain good dispersibility in the base rubber.
- the upper limit is preferably 80 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 30 ⁇ m or less, and still more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the average length of the coal pitch-based carbon fiber is not particularly limited, but in order to obtain good dispersibility in the base rubber, it is 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 1 mm or more, and still more preferably 4 mm.
- the upper limit is preferably 30 mm or less, more preferably 15 mm or less, and still more preferably 10 mm or less.
- the average diameter and average length can be measured by observing a cross section of the sidewall rubber SG with an electron microscope.
- the aspect ratio (average length / average diameter) of the coal pitch-based carbon fiber is preferably 100 or more, more preferably 300 or more.
- the upper limit of the aspect ratio is preferably 2000 or less, more preferably 1000 or less.
- the amount of the thermally conductive substance is preferably 1 part by mass or more, more preferably 5 parts by mass or more, and further preferably 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the base rubber. More than part is desirable. On the other hand, an excessive amount of the thermally conductive substance is not preferable because the rubber hardness and loss tangent tan ⁇ of the sidewall rubber SG tend to increase. From such a viewpoint, the blending amount of the heat conductive substance is preferably 60 parts by mass or less, more preferably 50 parts by mass or less, and further preferably 40 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the base rubber.
- the rubber composition of the good heat conductive rubber contains sulfur. Rubber molecules are cross-linked by sulfur. Other cross-linking agents may be used with or instead of sulfur. Further, the good heat conductive rubber may be cross-linked by an electron beam.
- the rubber composition of the good heat conductive rubber may contain a vulcanization accelerator together with sulfur.
- a vulcanization accelerator examples include sulfenamide vulcanization accelerators, guanidine vulcanization accelerators, thiazole vulcanization accelerators, thiuram vulcanization accelerators, dithiocarbamate vulcanization accelerators, and the like.
- the A particularly preferred vulcanization accelerator is a sulfenamide vulcanization accelerator.
- sulfenamide-based vulcanization accelerator examples include N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide, N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide and N, N′-dicyclohexyl-2. -Benzothiazolylsulfenamide.
- the rubber composition may include a reinforcing material.
- a typical reinforcing material is carbon black, and for example, FEF, GPF, HAF, ISAF and / or SAF can be used.
- the blending amount of carbon black is preferably 5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 15 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the base rubber.
- the upper limit of the amount of carbon black is preferably 50 parts by mass or less, more preferably 40 parts by mass or less.
- silica may be used in the rubber composition of the good heat conductive rubber together with carbon black or instead of carbon black.
- Silica may be dry silica or wet silica.
- stearic acid, zinc oxide, an anti-aging agent, a wax, a crosslinking aid, or the like is added to the rubber composition of the heat conductive rubber as necessary.
- the outer surface of the sidewall portion 3b may include a smooth surface similar to that of the conventional tire (a part of the decorative portion having a minute uneven shape including a mark such as a character, a figure, and a symbol). ) Is formed.
- a large number of dimples 13 having the same configuration as the dimples 13 described in the vehicle 1A are formed on the outer surface of the sidewall portion 3b. Can be formed.
- the wheel rim 4 for assembling the pneumatic tire 3B a wheel rim having the same configuration as the wheel rim 4 described in the vehicle 1A can be suitably used.
- the wheel rim 4 is also fixed to a hub (not shown) via a brake device 5 including a brake rotor 5a and a caliper 5b.
- the hub is attached to the knuckle 6 via a bearing or the like, and the knuckle 6 is provided on the vehicle body 1a via the suspension device S so as to move up and down and turn.
- the vehicle 1B of the second invention is provided with a cooling device 8 for blowing the gas G on the outer surface of the side wall rubber SG made of the good heat conductive rubber to cool the tire from the outside.
- the vehicle 1B is provided with an air pressure monitoring device 7 for monitoring the air pressure of each wheel 2 like the vehicle 1A, and the air pressure of the pneumatic tire 3B is The cooling device 8 is configured to operate when lowered.
- the air pressure monitoring device 7 and the cooling device 8 used in the vehicle 1B those having the same configuration as the air pressure monitoring device 7 and the cooling device 8 described in the vehicle 1A can be suitably employed.
- the gas G is blown from the outside to the sidewall portion 3b of the tire 3B that tends to generate heat that travels with the air pressure lowered, the heat can be taken away and cooled.
- the outer surface of the sidewall portion 3b of the tire 3B is formed of a good heat conductive rubber, the heat inside the tire 3B is more effectively dissipated by the synergistic action with the cooling device 8, and the durability of the tire is increased. Is critically improved.
- the longitudinal spring constant of the tire 3B and the like are not excessively increased (that is, the ride comfort is not significantly deteriorated), and the heat generation of the pneumatic tire 3B that travels at low air pressure is suppressed. Can be significantly improved.
- the run flat continuous travel distance and / or the run flat travel speed can be remarkably increased.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented with various modifications. As yet another modification, the present invention includes at least the following aspects.
- the cooling device 8 also cools the brake device.
- the cooling device 8 can also blow out part of the air toward a vehicle-mounted heat generating device such as a turbocharger turbine or radiator.
- the air outlets 9b through which the gas G can be discharged are provided in all the wheels 2.
- the cooling device 8 is provided only on the front wheels that are drive wheels and have a large axle load and easy piping. Can also be provided.
- the sidewall rubber SG may be formed of a plurality of layers inside and outside in the tire axial direction, the outermost layer may be formed of a good heat conductive rubber, and the other layers may be formed of a non-good heat conductive rubber.
- the tread rubber and bead rubber were formed from non-good heat conductive rubber.
- the said coal pitch-type carbon fiber was mix
- the maximum thickness of the side reinforcing rubber layer was 10 mm.
- Comparative Example 2A It was the same as Comparative Example 2A in Table 1, and a pneumatic tire in which a sidewall rubber was formed of a non-good heat conductive rubber was provided on all the wheels, and the cooling device was operated.
- the front right wheel is in a punctured state with zero air pressure (the other three wheels are 230 kPa), and the high-speed driving test course on the dry asphalt road surface at an average driving speed of 80 km / h (weather: sunny, temperature 24 ° C) ) was run continuously, and the run-flat mileage until the tire broke was examined.
- the cooling device was always operated, and air was blown to the sidewall portion inside the vehicle of the tire punctured at an average wind speed of about 50.4 km / h.
- the results are displayed as an index with the travel distance of Comparative Example 2A as 100. The larger the value, the better.
- the test results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.
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Abstract
Description
1a 車体
2、2FR、2FL、2RR、2RL 車輪
3A、3B 空気入りタイヤ
3b サイドウォール部
7 空気圧監視装置
8 冷却装置
9 ダクト
9i 空気導入口
9o 吹出口
10 切換具
11 アクチュエータ
13 ディンプル
14 制御装置
15 切替弁
SG サイドウォールゴム
G 気体
図1には、第1発明に係る車両1Aの一実施形態の平面模式図が示される。該車両1Aは、例えば四輪の自動車(乗用車)であって、車体1aには四つの車輪2、即ち、前右車輪2FR、前左車輪2FL、後右車輪2RR及び後左車輪2RLが装着される。
S(面積)= (D /2)2×π
Y(%)=(S1/S2)×100
先ず、車両1Aの各車輪2が適正な空気圧P2で通常走行している場合、タイヤ3の発熱は耐久性に影響を与えない程度と考えられる。従って、この状態では、制御装置14は、切換具10を特に切り換えない。従って、ダクト9の空気導入口9iから取り込まれた空気は、各分岐管9aないし9dを経てそれぞれの車輪2のブレーキ装置5に吹き付けられる。これにより、ブレーキ装置5が冷却され、その制動効果が高められる。
この実施形態では、ダクト9の各分岐管9aないし9dの下流側に、切換具10としての切替弁15が接続されている。また、切替弁15には、吹出口9oがブレーキ装置に向けられた位置Aにある第1の分岐管16と、吹出口9oが空気入りタイヤ3Aのサイドウォール部3bに向けられた位置Bにある第2の分岐管17とが接続される。前記切替弁15は、例えば電磁弁であって、制御装置14によってダクト9を流れる空気を、第1の分岐管16又は第2の分岐管17に切り換えて吐出させることができる。
上記実施形態では、冷却装置8がブレーキ装置をも冷却するものを示した。しかしながら、冷却装置8は、ブレーキ装置に代えて、過給器のタービンやラジエータなどの車両搭載発熱機器に向けて空気の一部を吹き出すこともできる。
上記実施形態では、全ての車輪2に、気体Gを吐出しうる吹出口9oを設けたが、例えばFF車の場合、駆動輪でかつ軸重が大きくしかも配管が容易な前輪にのみ冷却装置8を設けることもできる。
上記実施形態では、制御装置14によって空気入りタイヤ3Aへの空気の吹出を自動的にコントロールする態様を示した。しかしながら、運転席に、冷却装置駆動用の操作スイッチ(図示省略)を設け、この信号を制御装置14に入力させても良い。このような実施形態では、運転席からの遠隔操作により、空気を任意のタイヤに強制的にかつ手動で吹き付けることができる。
冷却装置8は、空気入りタイヤ3Aの空気圧が低下する前であっても、空気入りタイヤ3Aを外側から冷却する気体を吹き出すことができる。この場合でも、タイヤの発熱が抑えられるので、エネルギーロスが減り、転がり抵抗が小さくなる。よって、車両1Aの燃費を向上させることができる。
(実施例A)
排気量:4300ccの国産後輪駆動車両
タイヤサイズ(全輪):245/40R18のランフラットタイヤ
ディンプルの仕様:表1の通り
前輪荷重:5.29kN
後輪荷重:5.39kN
前輪キャンバー角:1度(ネガティブ)
冷却装置具備
図13は、第2発明に係る車両1Bの一実施形態の平面模式図である。該車両1Bは、本例では、前記車両1Aと同様、四輪の自動車(乗用車)であって、車体1aには四つの車輪2、即ち、前右車輪2FR、前左車輪2FL、後右車輪2RR及び後左車輪2RLが装着される。又各車輪2は、図14、15に示されるように、空気入りタイヤ3Bと、該空気入りタイヤ3Bが組み付けられるホイールリム4とを含んで構成される。
測定温度:25℃
測定時間:60秒
試験片:板状で縦100mm、横50mm、厚さ10mmとし、表面は平滑とする。
上記実施形態では、冷却装置8がブレーキ装置をも冷却するものを示した。しかしながら、冷却装置8は、ブレーキ装置に代えて、過給器のタービンやラジエータなどの車両搭載発熱機器に向けて空気の一部を吹き出すこともできる。
上記実施形態では、全ての車輪2に、気体Gを吐出しうる吹出口9bを設けたが、例えばFF車の場合、駆動輪でかつ軸重が大きくしかも配管が容易な前輪にのみ冷却装置8を設けることもできる。
上記実施形態では、制御装置14によって空気入りタイヤ3Bへの空気の吹出を自動的にコントロールする態様を示した。しかしながら、運転席に、冷却装置駆動用の操作スイッチ(図示省略)を設け、この信号を制御装置14に入力させても良い。このような実施形態では、運転席からの遠隔操作により、空気を任意のタイヤに強制的にかつ手動で吹き付けることができる。
冷却装置8は、空気入りタイヤ3Bの空気圧が低下する前であっても、空気入りタイヤ3Bを外側から冷却する気体を吹き出すことができる。この場合でも、タイヤの発熱が抑えられるので、エネルギーロスが減り、転がり抵抗が小さくなる。よって、車両1Bの燃費を向上させることができる。
サイドウォールゴムSGは、タイヤ軸方向内外の複数層で形成し、その最も外側の層が良熱伝導ゴムで形成され、他の層は非良熱伝導ゴムから形成されても良い。
(実施例B)
排気量:4300ccの国産後輪駆動車両
タイヤサイズ(全輪):245/40R18のランフラットタイヤ
タイヤ構造:図16の通り
タイヤの各ゴム部の熱伝導率:表2,3の通り
前輪荷重:5.29kN
後輪荷重:5.39kN
前輪キャンバー角:1度(ネガティブ)
冷却装置具備
また、各実施例、比較例の仕様は次の通りである。
60質量部の天然ゴム(RSS#3)、40質量部のポリブタジエン(宇部興産社の商品名「BR150B」)、20質量部のFEFカーボンブラック(三菱化学社の商品名「ダイヤブラックE」)、熱伝導性物質として表2、3記載の質量部の石炭ピッチ系炭素繊維(三菱樹脂社の商品名「K6371T」)、1.5質量部の老化防止剤(住友化学社の商品名「アンチゲン6C」)、1.0質量部の他の老化防止剤(住友化学社の商品名「アンチゲンFR」)、3質量部の酸化亜鉛(三井金属鉱業社の商品名「酸化亜鉛2種」)及び1.0質量部のステアリン酸(日本油脂社の商品名「椿」)をバンバリーミキサーで混練し、ゴム組成物を得た。このゴム組成物をオープンロールで混練しつつ、このゴム組成物に5質量部の粉末硫黄(軽井沢硫黄社)、2質量部の加硫促進剤(大内新興化学工業社の商品名「ノクセラーNS」)及び2質量部の加硫促進助剤(田岡化学工業社の商品名「タッキロールV200」)を添加した。このゴム組成物を押し出して、サイドウォールゴム用のゴムシートを得た。このゴムシートと他のゴム部材とをアッセンブリーし、ローカバー(未架橋タイヤ)を得た。そして、このローカバーを金型に投入し、加圧及び加熱して、実施例のランフラットタイヤが製造された。なお、トレッドゴム及びビードゴムについては、非良熱伝導ゴムから形成した。サイド補強ゴム層については、上記石炭ピッチ系炭素繊維を表2、3の仕様で配合し熱伝導率を調整した。また、サイド補強ゴム層の最大厚さは10mmとした。
表1の比較例2Aと同一であり、サイドウォールゴムを非良熱伝導ゴムで形成した空気入りタイヤを全輪に具え、かつ、冷却装置の運転を行った。
サイドウォールゴムを良熱伝導ゴムで形成した空気入りタイヤを全輪に具え、かつ、冷却装置の運転を行わなかった。
テストの結果を表2、3に示す。
Claims (20)
- 空気入りタイヤを装着した車両であって、
前記空気入りタイヤは、少なくとも一方のサイドウォール部の外表面に、多数のディンプルが形成される一方、
前記空気入りタイヤを外側から冷却する気体を吹き出す冷却装置を具えたことを特徴とする車両。 - 前記ディンプルの平面形状が円である請求項1に記載の車両。
- 前記ディンプルの直径が6mm以上18mm以下であり、かつ前記ディンプルの深さが0.5mm以上3.0mm以下である請求項1又は2に記載の車両。
- 前記空気入りタイヤは、各サイドウォール部に、断面略三日月状のサイド補強ゴム層が設けられたランフラットタイヤである請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記気体は、前記ディンプルが設けられたサイドウォール部の外表面に向けて吹き付けられる請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記気体は、タイヤ赤道よりも車両内側に位置するトレッド部に向けて吹き付けられる請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記冷却装置は、空気入りタイヤの空気圧が予め定めた値以下になったときに前記気体
を前記空気入りタイヤに向けて吹き出す請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の車両。 - 前記冷却装置は、一端側に空気を取り込む空気導入口を有し、かつ、他端側に前記空気を空気入りタイヤに向けて吹き出す吹出口を有するダクトを具える請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記冷却装置は、一端側に空気を取り込む空気導入口を有し、かつ、他端側に前記空気をブレーキ装置に向けて吹き出す吹出口を有するダクトと、
空気入りタイヤの空気圧が低下したときに前記ダクトを流れる空気の少なくも一部を前記空気入りタイヤに向けて吹き出させる切換具とを含む請求項1乃至8のいずれかに記載の車両。 - 空気入りタイヤを装着した車両であって、
前記空気入りタイヤは、サイドウォール部の外表面の少なくとも一部が0.40W/(m・K)以上の熱伝導率を有する良熱伝導ゴムを用いて形成される一方、
前記良熱伝導ゴムが設けられたサイドウォール部を外側から冷却する気体を吹き出す冷却装置を具えたことを特徴とする車両。 - 前記良熱伝導ゴムの熱伝導率が0.45W/(m・K)以上である請求項10記載の車両。
- 前記良熱伝導ゴムの熱伝導率が0.70W/(m・K)以上である請求項10記載の車両。
- 前記サイドウォール部の外表面に、多数のディンプルが形成された請求項10乃至12のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記ディンプルの平面形状が円である請求項10乃至13のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記ディンプルの直径が6mm以上18mm以下であり、かつ前記ディンプルの深さが0.5mm以上3.0mm以下である請求項10乃至14のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記空気入りタイヤは、各サイドウォール部に、断面略三日月状をなすサイド補強ゴム層が設けられたランフラットタイヤである請求項10乃至15のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記サイド補強ゴム層の少なくとも一部が、前記良熱伝導ゴムを用いて形成されている請求項16記載の車両。
- 前記冷却装置は、空気入りタイヤの空気圧が予め定めた値以下になったときに前記気体
を前記空気入りタイヤに向けて吹き出す請求項10乃至17のいずれかに記載の車両。 - 前記冷却装置は、一端側に空気を取り込む空気導入口を有し、かつ、他端側に前記空気を前記空気入りタイヤに向けて吹き出す吹出口を有するダクトを具える請求項10乃至18のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記冷却装置は、一端側に空気を取り込む空気導入口を有し、かつ、他端側に前記空気をブレーキ装置に向けて吹き出す吹出口を有するダクトと、
空気入りタイヤの空気圧が低下したときに前記ダクトを流れる空気の少なくも一部を前記空気入りタイヤに向けて吹き出させる切換具とを含む請求項10乃至19のいずれかに記載の車両。
Priority Applications (6)
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US13/322,642 US8590937B2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2010-06-09 | Vehicle |
EP10786175.9A EP2439086B1 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2010-06-09 | Vehicle |
CN2010800254332A CN102802969A (zh) | 2009-06-12 | 2010-06-09 | 车辆 |
JP2011518548A JP5395900B2 (ja) | 2009-06-12 | 2010-06-09 | 車両 |
RU2011150656/11A RU2523881C2 (ru) | 2009-06-12 | 2010-06-09 | Транспортное средство |
BRPI1010706A BRPI1010706A2 (pt) | 2009-06-12 | 2010-06-09 | veículo |
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JP2009-141342 | 2009-06-12 | ||
JP2009141342 | 2009-06-12 | ||
JP2009-148963 | 2009-06-23 | ||
JP2009148963 | 2009-06-23 |
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WO2010143644A1 true WO2010143644A1 (ja) | 2010-12-16 |
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PCT/JP2010/059742 WO2010143644A1 (ja) | 2009-06-12 | 2010-06-09 | 車両 |
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US (1) | US8590937B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2439086B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5395900B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20120025524A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102802969A (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI1010706A2 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2523881C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010143644A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
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WO2014199652A1 (ja) * | 2013-06-11 | 2014-12-18 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 非空気式タイヤ |
WO2020017485A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-18 | 2020-01-23 | 株式会社堀場製作所 | 車両試験装置 |
US20200247077A1 (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2020-08-06 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Pneumatic tire with a textured surface, method of manufacturing, and textured mold |
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US20140319901A1 (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2014-10-30 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Vehicle tire and wheel assembly with insulating member |
DE102014224924B4 (de) | 2014-12-04 | 2023-11-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zur Erwärmung eines Fahrzeug-Reifens |
US9623848B2 (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2017-04-18 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Vehicle brake cooling apparatus, and methods of use and manufacture thereof |
GB2563661B (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2020-08-05 | Ogab Ltd | Brake duct system and method |
CN108790633A (zh) * | 2018-06-09 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽华兴车辆有限公司 | 一种汽车轮胎温度监控控制系统 |
JP6537030B1 (ja) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-07-03 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | ランフラットタイヤ |
CA3131494A1 (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2020-10-29 | Alcon Inc. | Valve cooling and noise suppression |
CN110065346B (zh) * | 2019-05-17 | 2021-03-09 | 高盟宸 | 适用于新能源汽车的车轮装置 |
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- 2010-06-09 RU RU2011150656/11A patent/RU2523881C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-06-09 JP JP2011518548A patent/JP5395900B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-06-09 KR KR1020117030015A patent/KR20120025524A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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US20200247077A1 (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2020-08-06 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Pneumatic tire with a textured surface, method of manufacturing, and textured mold |
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JP7324201B2 (ja) | 2018-07-18 | 2023-08-09 | 株式会社堀場製作所 | 車両試験装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2439086A1 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
CN102802969A (zh) | 2012-11-28 |
EP2439086A4 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
KR20120025524A (ko) | 2012-03-15 |
RU2523881C2 (ru) | 2014-07-27 |
US8590937B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 |
BRPI1010706A2 (pt) | 2016-03-15 |
EP2439086B1 (en) | 2014-05-07 |
RU2011150656A (ru) | 2013-07-20 |
JP5395900B2 (ja) | 2014-01-22 |
US20120067475A1 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
JPWO2010143644A1 (ja) | 2012-11-22 |
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