WO2010107011A1 - 固体電解コンデンサ素子、その製造方法及びその製造用冶具 - Google Patents
固体電解コンデンサ素子、その製造方法及びその製造用冶具 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010107011A1 WO2010107011A1 PCT/JP2010/054387 JP2010054387W WO2010107011A1 WO 2010107011 A1 WO2010107011 A1 WO 2010107011A1 JP 2010054387 W JP2010054387 W JP 2010054387W WO 2010107011 A1 WO2010107011 A1 WO 2010107011A1
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- electrolytic capacitor
- capacitor element
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/0029—Processes of manufacture
- H01G9/0032—Processes of manufacture formation of the dielectric layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/44—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes for electrophoretic applications
- C09D5/4476—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes for electrophoretic applications comprising polymerisation in situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
- C25D13/04—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process with organic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
- C25D13/20—Pretreatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
- C25D13/22—Servicing or operating apparatus or multistep processes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G13/00—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing capacitors; Processes specially adapted for manufacturing capacitors not provided for in groups H01G4/00 - H01G11/00
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/0029—Processes of manufacture
- H01G9/0036—Formation of the solid electrolyte layer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
- H01G9/025—Solid electrolytes
- H01G9/028—Organic semiconducting electrolytes, e.g. TCNQ
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/07—Dielectric layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/15—Solid electrolytic capacitors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrolytic capacitor element manufacturing method that achieves a stable capacity appearance rate, a jig for manufacturing the electrolytic capacitor element, and an electrolytic capacitor element manufactured using the manufacturing method or the jig.
- the solid electrolytic capacitor includes a conductor (anode body) as one electrode, a dielectric layer formed on the surface of the electrode, and the other electrode (semiconductor layer) provided thereon.
- a conductor anode body
- dielectric layer formed on the surface of the electrode
- semiconductor layer semiconductor layer
- each anode body is not necessarily homogeneous, and the semiconductor formation speed may vary depending on the anode body.
- one conductor becomes defective (short-circuit state), current concentrates on this anode body, and current hardly flows to other anode bodies. Therefore, the present inventors have proposed a method of forming a semiconductor layer by performing electrolytic polymerization on each formed anode body with a constant current using a circuit having a constant current source (Patent Document 1; Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-244154). Publication (WO2005 / 006360)).
- the treatment is completed in a shorter time when anodic oxidation is started at a high current density.
- the current density is too high, defects are likely to occur in the dielectric layer. For this reason, the upper limit and the lower limit of the current density are determined within the allowable range for the processing time and defects.
- the individual anode bodies are not necessarily homogeneous, and have a certain degree of deviation in characteristics with respect to anodization. Therefore, even when anodization is performed collectively using a circuit having a constant current source in which a plurality of anode bodies are electrically connected in parallel, current does not always flow through the individual anode bodies. Therefore, it is necessary to suppress the total amount of current flowing through the plurality of anode bodies so that the anode body through which the most current flows does not exceed the upper limit of the current density.
- the chemical conversion treatment time is determined according to the anode body with a small amount of current and a slow progress of anodization, if the total amount of current flowing through the plurality of anode bodies is suppressed as described above, the treatment time will become longer and longer. .
- anodic oxidation and electrolytic polymerization the optimum amount of current differs depending on the progress of each treatment.
- chemical conversion treatment anodic oxidation
- electropolymerization semiconductor layer formation
- pores are likely to close at the initial stage of polymerization when conducted at a large current, so that it is difficult to obtain a high capacity appearance rate, and when conducted at a small current, it is difficult to obtain a low-resistance semiconductor layer.
- Equivalent series resistance becomes high.
- the inventors of the present invention perform anodization by limiting the current for each anode body, preferably according to the progress of anodization and electrolytic polymerization for each anode body. It is confirmed that a capacitor element group with a narrow capacitance distribution and low ESR can be obtained by using an electrolytic capacitor element manufacturing tool having a power supply circuit that can set voltage and current limit values so that the current amount can be changed to an appropriate amount. Thus, the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention provides the following capacitor element manufacturing method, capacitor element, and capacitor element manufacturing jig.
- a method for manufacturing an electrolytic capacitor element comprising the steps of simultaneously forming a dielectric layer on the surfaces of a plurality of anode bodies by anodization, and forming a semiconductor layer on the dielectric layer, A method for producing an electrolytic capacitor element, wherein the anode body is subjected to anodization by limiting the current during anodization.
- Anodization performed by limiting the current at the time of anodization for each anode body includes (i) a plurality of power supply circuits each capable of setting a voltage limit value and a current limit value on an insulating substrate; ii) a connection terminal for the anode body electrically connected to each output of the plurality of power supply circuits; and (iii) a terminal for setting a voltage limit value for the plurality of power supply circuits and a current limit. 3.
- Electrolytic polymerization performed by limiting the current for each anode body on which the dielectric layer is formed includes: (i) a plurality of power supply circuits each capable of setting a voltage limit value and a current limit value; ii) a connection terminal for the anode body electrically connected to each output of the plurality of power supply circuits; and (iii) a terminal for setting a voltage limit value for the plurality of power supply circuits and a current limit.
- the average value of the output currents of the power supply circuit is 20 in a state where all of the plurality of power supply circuits limit the output current. 7.
- An electrolytic capacitor element is manufactured by the method described in any one of 1 to 9 above, and the anode body of one or more capacitor elements is electrically connected to the anode terminal and the semiconductor layer is electrically connected to the cathode terminal. Then, a method of manufacturing an electrolytic capacitor which is then resin-coated.
- An electrolytic capacitor element group composed of 300 or more electrolytic capacitor elements simultaneously formed with dielectric layers obtained by the method of item 7 above, wherein each of the capacitor elements has a plurality of capacitances A group of electrolytic capacitor elements in the range of 90 to 110% of the average value of the capacity of the capacitor elements.
- An electrolytic capacitor group comprising an electrolytic capacitor including one or a plurality of capacitor elements of the capacitor element group of the above item 11.
- An electrolytic capacitor comprising: a connecting terminal for the anode body; and (iii) a terminal for setting a voltage limit value and a terminal for setting a current limit value for the plurality of power supply circuits.
- the power supply circuit is a power supply circuit capable of continuously changing the current limit value by a voltage applied to a terminal for setting the current limit value.
- Each power circuit has a heat generating component, the heat generating component is arranged on both the front and back surfaces of the insulating substrate, and the same kind of heat generation as the heat generating component on the front side is provided on the back side of the position where the heat generating component on the front side of the insulating substrate is located.
- Each power supply circuit has a PNP transistor, and the emitter of the transistor is electrically connected to a terminal for setting a maximum value of current through a resistor, and the base of the transistor has a maximum value of voltage.
- the present invention it is possible to shorten the time required for forming the dielectric layer (chemical conversion treatment) in the capacitor manufacturing process, and to select an optimal amount of current according to the stage of chemical conversion treatment or electrolytic polymerization.
- a capacitor element group having a narrow and low ESR can be obtained.
- capacitor element manufacturing method and capacitor element manufacturing jig of the present invention in which a dielectric layer is simultaneously formed on the surface of a plurality of anode bodies by anodic oxidation, and a semiconductor layer is formed on the dielectric layer, will be described in detail below. explain.
- anode body examples of the anode body (conductor) used in the present invention include metals, inorganic semiconductors, organic semiconductors, carbon, a mixture of at least one of these, and a laminate in which a conductor is laminated on the surface layer thereof.
- the valve action metal or the conductive oxide of the valve action metal is preferable because the dielectric layer can be formed by anodizing the anode body itself, and since the dielectric layer having a larger surface area can be obtained, the pores can be reduced.
- An anode body is preferred. Examples of such anode body include sintered bodies such as tantalum, niobium, niobium monoxide, and titanium.
- the anode body preferably has a lead wire for connection to a capacitor manufacturing jig described later.
- the dielectric layer is formed on the surface of the anode body by subjecting each of the plurality of anode bodies to anodization while limiting the current during anodization.
- the anodic oxidation of each anode body can be advanced more uniformly compared with the case of patent document 1 which electrically connects several anode bodies in parallel and anodizes collectively. Therefore, it is possible to avoid current concentration on a specific anode body, so that the current density can be increased, and conversely, it is possible to prevent current from flowing to a specific anode body and prevent anodization from being delayed. Can be completed with.
- the end point of anodization is the start of anodization at a constant current, and when the voltage reaches a preset formation voltage (maximum value of anodization voltage), the anodization is continued at a constant voltage, and the amount of current is constant. Generally, it is assumed that it has been reduced to a point. However, if an anode body that cannot be normally anodized due to defects in the anode body, for example, an anode body that does not decrease the amount of current, is mixed, the anode is excessively oxidized. In order to avoid this, it is preferable to reduce the current limit value during the formation of the dielectric layer within the range in which the formation voltage can be maintained during the anodic oxidation at the constant voltage.
- Such anodization can be performed, for example, by using a jig for manufacturing a capacitor element described later.
- the number of anode bodies to be simultaneously processed is large (for example, 300 or more), the probability that a bad anode body is mixed increases, so the above method can be preferably used.
- the dielectric layer is uniform in the anode body that has been successfully anodized, and a capacitor element with a small capacitance deviation can be obtained.
- the semiconductor layer which is the other electrode of the solid electrolytic capacitor, can generally be composed of an inorganic semiconductor such as manganese dioxide or an organic semiconductor such as a conductive polymer doped with a dopant.
- the semiconductor layer has a particularly low ESR (equivalent series resistance).
- ESR equivalent series resistance
- the polymerization can be performed by a chemical polymerization method, an electrolytic polymerization method using an external electrode, an electrolytic polymerization method using a method of energizing the anode body, or a combination thereof.
- a dielectric layer is formed in the electrolytic polymerization.
- the capacitor manufacturing jig used when forming the dielectric layer can be used as a jig for energizing the anode body as it is.
- the amount of current varies depending on the type of anode body and the material used for the semiconductor layer.
- the amount of current that does not block the pores without forming a semiconductor layer on the surface of the pores in the anode body that is, the range in which the capacity appearance rate does not decrease
- the amount of current is sufficient.
- the amount of current to be increased can be increased to such an extent that the semiconductor layer does not grow abnormally on the outer surface of the anode body, that is, to an amount of current that satisfies the allowable dimensional accuracy of the outer surface.
- the jig for manufacturing a capacitor of the present invention has a plurality of power supply circuits (number corresponding to the anode body to be processed) each capable of setting a voltage limit value and a current limit value on an insulating substrate.
- each output is electrically connected to a connection terminal for the anode body (hereinafter sometimes referred to as an anode body connection terminal).
- Terminal hereinafter also referred to as a voltage limit terminal
- a terminal for setting a current limit value hereinafter also referred to as a current setting terminal.
- FIG. 1 is a front view (A) and a back view (B) of an example of a jig for manufacturing a capacitor.
- this capacitor manufacturing jig (1) 64 sets (32 sets of front and back) each composed of a transistor (2) and a resistor (3) are arranged on both sides of a horizontally long insulating substrate. Moreover, it has a terminal at both ends, one is a current limiting terminal (4), and the other is a voltage limiting terminal (5).
- the current limiting terminal (4) and the voltage limiting terminal (5) on the front and back sides are electrically connected to each other through a through hole (6).
- 7 is an anode body connection terminal for connecting a lead wire of an anode body having a lead wire. The shape can be appropriately changed according to the shape of the anode body.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of each power circuit used in the capacitor manufacturing jig of FIG. FIG. 2A has a PNP transistor (20), where the emitter (E) of the transistor is connected to a current limiting terminal (4) via a resistor (3), and the base (B) of the transistor is voltage limited.
- the circuit is electrically connected to the terminal (5) and outputs the collector (C) of the transistor.
- the power supply circuit in FIG. 2A and the capacitor manufacturing jig in FIG. 1 are connected as shown in FIG.
- the limit value of the maximum voltage applied to the anode body (10) can be set by the voltage applied between the voltage limiting terminal (5) and the cathode plate (9) of the chemical conversion tank or polymerization tank (8).
- the voltage applied between the voltage limiting terminal (5) and the cathode plate (10) of the chemical conversion tank or polymerization tank (8) is almost the maximum voltage applied to the anode body (10).
- the limit value of the maximum electric current which can be sent through an anode body (10) with the voltage applied between a current limiting terminal (4) and a voltage limiting terminal (5) can be set.
- the maximum current limit value is approximately the following formula depending on the voltage applied between the current limit terminal (4) and the voltage limit terminal (5), the base-emitter voltage (Vbe) of the transistor, and the resistance value of the resistor. Indicated. Vbe (base-emitter voltage of the transistor) is generally around 0.5 to 0.8V.
- the circuit used for the jig for manufacturing a capacitor of the present invention is not limited to that shown in FIG. 2A.
- the maximum current limit value having the same function is applied between the current limit terminal and the voltage limit terminal.
- the circuit shown in FIG. 2B proportional to the voltage can be used.
- the voltage or current limiting value can be changed even during the formation of the dielectric layer or the semiconductor layer. Further, if the voltage applied to the voltage limiting terminal or the current limiting terminal is continuously changed, the voltage or current limiting value can be continuously changed.
- the average value of the output currents of the power supply circuit in a state where all the power supply circuits limit the output current Is 0.4 to 2 mA
- the output current of each circuit is preferably within the range of 110% and 90% of the average value, more preferably 105% and 95% of the minimum. Set to be within range.
- the output current of each circuit is preferably at most 110 with respect to the average value. %, Minimum 90%, more preferably maximum 105%, minimum 95%.
- the deviation of the current amount can be suppressed by using a resistor with a small error (for example, 1% error).
- the capacity of each of the capacitor elements in the capacitor element group composed of 300 or more capacitor elements manufactured simultaneously is the average value of the capacities of the 300 or more capacitor elements. It is possible to be within the range of 90 to 110%.
- an electrolytic capacitor group composed of an electrolytic capacitor composed of one or a plurality of capacitor elements of the capacitor element group can provide a capacitor with high accuracy without capacitance variation similar to the above.
- the width of the insulating substrate (the length in the longitudinal direction in FIG. 1) is longer, more elements can be processed with one jig.
- the width of the insulating substrate is short.
- the interval between the anode bodies can be kept constant, and the number of anode bodies that can be processed at one time can be increased.
- the width is preferably 10 to 50 cm, more preferably 20 to 40 cm.
- the distance between adjacent anode body connection terminals should just be larger than the width
- the width of the anode body is about 1 mm to 10 mm
- the distance between the anode body connection terminals is preferably set to 1.25 to 12 mm.
- the number of power supply circuits per one electrolytic capacitor element manufacturing jig of the present invention is preferably 10 to 330.
- heat generating components may be disposed on both the front and back surfaces of the insulating substrate, and heat generating components of the same type as the heat generating components on the front side may be disposed on the back side of the insulating substrate on the front side.
- the heat generating component is a component that may consume most (50% or more) of the power consumed by the power supply circuit. Heating components in the circuit of FIG. 2A are a transistor and a resistor.
- the heat generating parts are arranged on the substrate as much as possible so that only a part of the jig for manufacturing the electrolytic capacitor element does not reach a high temperature.
- a capacitor element formed by sequentially forming a dielectric layer and a semiconductor layer on the anode body by the above method may be used as it is as a capacitor element.
- electrical connection with an external lead (for example, a lead frame) of the capacitor is provided on the semiconductor layer.
- a conductor layer is formed to form a capacitor element.
- a capacitor layer is obtained by sequentially laminating a carbon layer and a silver layer as the conductor layer on the semiconductor layer.
- An electrolytic capacitor is obtained by electrically connecting one or more anodes of the capacitor element to the anode terminal and the conductor layer to the cathode terminal, and then covering the resin with the resin.
- Example 1 Production of anode body Niobium primary powder (average particle size 0.28 ⁇ m) ground by utilizing the hydrogen embrittlement of niobium ingot was granulated, and niobium powder with an average particle size of 133 ⁇ m (this niobium powder is a fine powder, which is naturally oxidized and oxygenated) Was present at 110,000 ppm). Next, it was left in a nitrogen atmosphere at 450 ° C. and then in argon at 700 ° C. to obtain a partially nitrided niobium powder (CV value 310000 ⁇ F ⁇ V / g) having a nitriding amount of 9000 ppm.
- Niobium primary powder average particle size 0.28 ⁇ m
- niobium powder with an average particle size of 133 ⁇ m this niobium powder is a fine powder, which is naturally oxidized and oxygenated
- This niobium powder was molded together with a 0.29 mm ⁇ niobium wire, and then sintered at 1270 ° C. to produce a sintered body (anode body) having a size of 2.3 ⁇ 1.7 ⁇ 1.0 mm.
- the niobium lead wire is embedded in a surface of 1.7 ⁇ 1.0 mm so that the lead wire is embedded 1.3 mm inside the sintered body and protrudes 10 mm on the outer surface.
- Electrolytic capacitor element manufacturing jig (1) shown in FIG. 1 was used. It is a copper-clad glass epoxy board with a size of 194.0 x 33.0 mm and a thickness of 1.6 mm, with 8 x 10 mm notches on the left and right in the longitudinal direction, and an electrode on the top of the notch 8 x 23 mm
- Two terminal portions (one is a current limiting terminal (4) and the other is a voltage limiting terminal (5)) are provided.
- the two terminal portions on the left and right are electrically connected to the terminal portions on the back surface of the same area by through holes (6) in the terminal portions.
- the board includes a total of 64 sets of 20 k ⁇ resistors (error 1%) (3) and transistor 2SA2154GR (2) for 32 sets of front and back, and a PCD receptacle 399 series round pin DIP socket 2 manufactured by Presidep on one side (surface).
- One 54 mm pitch 64 pin connection socket (anode connection terminal (7)) is mounted.
- 64 lead wires are bent about 90 degrees in the same direction at a fixed position, inserted into 64 through holes formed in the lower part of the board, and mechanically fixed to the board with solder.
- One resistor and one transistor emitter are connected, and the collector of the transistor is wired to one socket of the anode connection terminal.
- the other side of the resistor is connected to a voltage limiting terminal.
- the bases of all transistors are connected to a voltage limiting terminal.
- Capacitor Element 64 sintered bodies on the anode body connection terminal (in order to prevent the solution from creeping up when forming the semiconductor layer described later, the lead wire has an inner diameter of 0.24 mm, an outer diameter of 0.80 mm, a thickness of 0. A 10 mm tetrafluoroethylene washer is inserted at a position 0.15 mm away from the sintered body.) The lead wire was inserted to align the height and direction of the sintered body. Ten such jigs were prepared and inserted into a jig insertion port of a separately prepared handling frame (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as HF).
- HF separately prepared handling frame
- the handling frame has sockets into which the left and right terminal portions of the jig (current limiting terminal (4) and voltage limiting terminal (5)) are inserted. When inserted, 10 jigs stand vertically and vertically at an interval of 8 mm. It is a frame that can be.
- 640, 640 sintered bodies were arranged at equal intervals with the direction aligned.
- a metal container made of SUS304
- a separately prepared 1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution also serving as the cathode plate in FIG. 3 having a predetermined height is provided so as to achieve the connection shown in FIG. HF is arranged so that 8.3 V is applied between the voltage limiting terminal (5) and the metal container (cathode plate) (9), and the current limiting terminal is set to 2.1 mA.
- a voltage was applied between (4) and the voltage limiting terminal (5).
- Anodization was performed at a solution temperature of 65 ° C. for 8 hours, and a dielectric layer was formed on the pores of the sintered body, the surface, and predetermined portions of the lead wires.
- the current limit value was continuously decreased at a rate of 0.5 mA per hour from 4 hours to 8 hours.
- the sintered compact was immersed in an ethanol solution of 20% by mass ethylenedioxythiophene, and then 30 parts by mass of water charged with 0.4% by mass ethylenedioxythiophene and 0.6% by mass anthraquinonesulfonic acid prepared separately.
- HF was placed at a predetermined height in a SUS303 container containing a solvent consisting of 70 parts by mass of ethylene glycol and electropolymerized at 20 ° C. for 1 hour.
- the voltage and current limit values are 10 V and 44 ⁇ A for the first 15 minutes (0-15 minutes), 10 V and 82 ⁇ A for the next 15 minutes (15-30 minutes), and then 30 minutes (30-60 minutes). ) was adjusted to 101 ⁇ A.
- This polymerization operation was repeated 6 times to form a semiconductor layer made of a conductive polymer at a predetermined site on the dielectric layer.
- re-forming was performed to repair the dielectric layer of the sintered body. Re-formation was performed for 15 minutes using the same solution as that used in the anodic oxidation at a limiting voltage of 6.3 V and a limiting current of 0.1 mA. Further, a carbon paste and a silver paste were sequentially laminated on the semiconductor layer to provide a conductor layer, thereby producing a capacitor element.
- the capacitor element is placed on the lead frame, the anode lead of the capacitor element is connected to the anode terminal of the lead frame, and the conductor layer of the capacitor element is connected to the cathode terminal of the lead frame, and transfer sealing and aging are performed.
- 640 niobium solid electrolytic capacitors having a size of 3.5 ⁇ 2.8 ⁇ 1.8 mm, a rating of 2.5 V, and a capacity of 330 ⁇ F were produced.
- Table 1 shows the electropolymerization conditions at the time of forming the semiconductor layer
- Table 2 shows the average capacity of 600 capacitors, the range of the upper and lower limit values, and the average value of ESR.
- Example 2 A niobium solid electrolytic capacitor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the voltage limit value and the current limit value at the second to sixth polymerizations were adjusted to 10 V and 101 ⁇ A.
- Table 1 shows the polymerization conditions during the formation of the semiconductor layer, and Table 2 shows the average capacity of the capacitor, the range of the upper and lower limit values of the capacity, and the average value of ESR.
- Example 3 A solid electrolytic capacitor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the voltage limit value and the current limit value at the second to sixth polymerization were adjusted to 10 V and 82 ⁇ A.
- Table 1 shows the polymerization conditions during the formation of the semiconductor layer, and Table 2 shows the average capacity of the capacitor, the range of the upper and lower limit values of the capacity, and the average value of ESR.
- Example 4 A solid electrolytic capacitor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the voltage limit value and the current limit value at the second to sixth polymerizations were adjusted to 10 V and 44 ⁇ A.
- Table 1 shows the polymerization conditions during the formation of the semiconductor layer, and Table 2 shows the average capacity of the capacitor, the range of the upper and lower limit values of the capacity, and the average value of ESR.
- Example 5 The voltage limit value and the current limit value during the first polymerization are 10 V and 25 ⁇ A for the first 10 minutes, 10 V and 44 ⁇ A for 10 to 20 minutes, 10 V and 63 ⁇ A for 20 to 30 minutes, and 10 V for 30 to 40 minutes.
- 82 ⁇ A, 40 to 50 minutes were adjusted to 10 V and 101 ⁇ A
- 50 to 60 minutes were adjusted to 121 ⁇ A
- the voltage limit value and the current limit value at the second to sixth polymerization were adjusted to 10 V and 82 ⁇ A, respectively.
- a solid electrolytic capacitor was produced in the same manner. Table 1 shows the polymerization conditions during the formation of the semiconductor layer, and Table 2 shows the average capacity of the capacitor, the range of the upper and lower limit values of the capacity, and the average value of ESR.
- Example 6 The voltage limit value and the current limit value at the first polymerization are 10 V and 25 ⁇ A, the voltage limit value and the current limit value at the second polymerization are 10 V and 44 ⁇ A, and the voltage limit value and the current limit value at the third polymerization are 10V and 63 ⁇ A, the voltage limit value and the current limit value at the fourth polymerization are 10 V and 82 ⁇ A, the voltage limit value and the current limit value at the fifth polymerization are 10 V and 101 ⁇ A, the voltage limit value at the sixth polymerization, and A solid electrolytic capacitor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the current limit value was adjusted to 10 V and 112 ⁇ A.
- Table 1 shows the polymerization conditions during the formation of the semiconductor layer
- Table 2 shows the average capacity of the capacitor, the range of the upper and lower limit values of the capacity, and the average value of ESR.
- Example 7 The voltage limit value and the current limit value at the first polymerization are 10 V and 25 ⁇ A, the voltage limit value and the current limit value at the second polymerization are 10 V and 44 ⁇ A, and the voltage limit value and the current limit value at the third polymerization are Example 1 except that the voltage limit value and the current limit value at 10V and 82 ⁇ A and the fourth polymerization were adjusted to 10 V and 63 ⁇ A, and the voltage limit value and the current limit value at the fifth and sixth polymerizations were adjusted to 10 V and 121 ⁇ A, respectively.
- a solid electrolytic capacitor was produced in the same manner as described above. Table 1 shows the polymerization conditions during the formation of the semiconductor layer, and Table 2 shows the average capacity of the capacitor, the range of the upper and lower limits of the capacity, and the average value of ESR.
- Example 8 The voltage limit value and current limit value at the first polymerization are 13 V and 82 ⁇ A for the first 30 minutes, 10 V and 101 ⁇ A for the 30 to 60 minutes, and the voltage limit value and current limit value at the second polymerization are 13 V and 82 ⁇ A.
- a solid electrolytic capacitor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the voltage limiting value and the current limiting value at the third to sixth polymerization were adjusted to 13 V and 101 ⁇ A.
- Table 1 shows the polymerization conditions when forming the semiconductor layer
- Table 2 shows the average capacity of 640 niobium solid electrolytic capacitors, the range of the upper and lower limits of the capacity, and the average value of ESR.
- Example 9 The voltage limit value at the time of the first to sixth polymerizations was 10 V, the current limit value was 2.2 ⁇ A at the start of polymerization, and was increased at a rate of 1.98 ⁇ A per minute and adjusted to 121 ⁇ A after 60 minutes.
- a solid electrolytic capacitor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the polymerization conditions during the formation of the semiconductor layer, and Table 2 shows the average capacity of the capacitor, the range of the upper and lower limit values of the capacity, and the average value of ESR.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 Using the sintered body of Example 1, a dielectric layer and a semiconductor layer were formed under the conditions described in Example 1 of JP-A-2005-244154 (Patent Document 1). A capacitor was created. This dielectric layer formation required 10 hours. However, the current value of the constant current diode (CRD) of the jig of Patent Document 1 was 60 ⁇ A on average in Comparative Example 1 and 120 ⁇ A on average in Comparative Example 2. Table 2 shows the average capacities of the capacitors produced in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the range of the upper and lower limit values of the capacities, and the average value of ESR.
- CCD constant current diode
- Comparative Example 3 In Comparative Example 1, 10 jigs each having an average current value of a constant current diode (CRD) of 44 ⁇ A, an jig having an average of 82 ⁇ A, and an average of 101 ⁇ A were prepared. Initially, 10 jigs having an average of 44 ⁇ A were prepared. 640 sintered bodies similar to Example 1 were attached, a dielectric layer was formed under the conditions described in Example 1 of Patent Document 1, and then polymerized in the same manner as in Example 1. This dielectric layer formation required 10 hours.
- CCD constant current diode
- Example 2 In order to match the electric current value at the time of electrolytic polymerization in Example 1, the sintered body was removed from the jig after 15 minutes, and the jig was replaced with an average 82 ⁇ A jig and polymerized for 15 minutes, and then the sintered body was removed from the jig, and further the jig. Was replaced with an average of 101 ⁇ A and polymerized for 30 minutes (approximately 1 hour was required to replace the sintered body with each jig). After this polymerization was performed 6 times, a solid electrolytic capacitor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the average capacitance of the capacitors, the range of the upper and lower limits of the capacitance, and the average value of ESR.
- the capacitor produced by the method of the present invention has an extremely small capacitance deviation, and the capacitances of the capacitors of Examples 1 to 9 are in the range of 95 to 105% of the average capacitance. This is considered to be due to the small capacitance distribution width of the capacitor element obtained by the method according to the present invention.
- ESR is smaller than Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in which the semiconductor layer is formed with a constant current.
- Comparative Example 3 the current-limited anodic oxidation was not performed on the individual anode bodies as in the Examples, but the formation conditions of the semiconductor layer should be closer to the conditions of the Examples than Comparative Examples 1 and 2. is there.
- the deviation of the capacitor capacity of Comparative Example 3 is larger than that of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. This is considered to be due to the result of mixing capacitor elements in Table 2 that were not reattached with sufficient positional accuracy when attaching and removing the sintered body to and from the jig repeatedly.
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Abstract
Description
[1]複数個の陽極体の表面に陽極酸化により誘電体層を同時に形成する工程、及び前記誘電体層上に半導体層を形成する工程を含む電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法であって、個々の陽極体について陽極酸化時の電流を制限して陽極酸化を行うことを特徴とする電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
[2]電流の制限値を誘電体層形成中に減少させる前項1に記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
[3]個々の陽極体について陽極酸化時の電流を制限して行う陽極酸化が、(i)絶縁基板上に電圧の制限値及び電流の制限値をそれぞれ設定可能な複数の電源回路と、(ii)前記複数の電源回路の各出力に電気的に接続された前記陽極体用の接続端子と、(iii) 前記複数の電源回路に対し電圧の制限値を設定するための端子及び電流の制限値を設定するための端子とを有する電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具を用いて行われる前項1または2に記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
[4]半導体層が電解重合により形成され、前記電解重合が誘電体層を形成した個々の陽極体について電流を制限して行われる前項1または3に記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
[5]電解重合が、陽極体への通電手法により行われる前項4に記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
[6]電解重合時の電流の制限値を、電解重合中に増加させる前項4または5に記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
[7]誘電体層を形成した個々の陽極体について電流を制限して行う電解重合が、(i)上に電圧の制限値及び電流の制限値をそれぞれ設定可能な複数の電源回路と、(ii)前記複数の電源回路の各出力に電気的に接続された前記陽極体用の接続端子と、(iii)前記複数の電源回路に対し電圧の制限値を設定するための端子及び電流の制限値を設定するための端子とを有する電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具を用いて行われ、複数の電源回路のすべてが出力電流を制限している状態で、前記電源回路の出力電流の平均値が20~200μAのとき、個々の電源回路の出力電流を前記平均値に対して90~110%の範囲内に設定する前項4~6のいずれかに記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
[8]陽極酸化と電解重合とが同一の冶具を用いて行われる前項3または7に記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
[9]複数個が300個以上である前項1~8のいずれかに記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
[10]前項1~9のいずれかに記載の方法で電解コンデンサ素子を製造し、1つまたは複数の前記コンデンサ素子の陽極体を陽極端子に、半導体層を陰極端子にそれぞれ電気的に接続し、次いで樹脂外装する電解コンデンサの製造方法。
[11]前項7の方法で得られる300個以上の、誘電体層を同時に形成された電解コンデンサ素子で構成された電解コンデンサ素子群であって、個々の前記コンデンサ素子の容量が、前記複数のコンデンサ素子の容量の平均値の90~110%の範囲内にある電解コンデンサ素子群。
[12]前項11のコンデンサ素子群の1つまたは複数個のコンデンサ素子を含む電解コンデンサからなる電解コンデンサ群。
[13]陽極体の表面に陽極酸化により誘電体層を形成するための電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具であって、(i)絶縁基板上に電圧の制限値及び電め、及び/または陽極体の表面に形成された前記誘電体層上に半導体層を形成するた流の制限値をそれぞれ設定可能な複数の電源回路と、(ii)前記複数の電源回路の各出力に電気的に接続された前記陽極体用の接続端子と、(iii)前記複数の電源回路に対し電圧の制限値を設定するための端子及び電流の制限値を設定するための端子とを有することを特徴とする電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
[14]すべての電源回路が出力電流を制限している状態で、前記電源回路の出力電流の平均値が0.4~2mAのとき、個々の回路の出力電流が前記平均値に対して最大110%、最小90%の範囲内である前項13に記載の陽極体の表面に陽極酸化により誘電体層を形成するための電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
[15]すべての電源回路が出力電流を制限している状態で、前記電源回路の出力電流の平均値が20~200μAのとき、個々の回路の出力電流が前記平均値に対して最大110%、最小90%の範囲内である前項13に記載の陽極体の表面に形成された誘電体層上に半導体層を形成するための電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
[16]前記電圧または電流の制限値を、誘電体層を形成中または半導体層を形成中に変えられる前項13~15のいずれかに記載の電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
[17]電源回路が、電流の制限値を設定する端子に印加する電圧により電流の制限値を連続的に変えられる電源回路である前項16に記載の電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
[18]複数の電源回路が、10~330個の回路である前項13~17のいずれかに記載の電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
[19]個々の電源回路が発熱部品を有し、絶縁基板の表裏両面に前記発熱部品が配置され、絶縁基板表側の発熱部品のある位置の裏側に、前記表側の発熱部品と同一種の発熱部品が配置されている前項13~18のいずれかに記載の電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
[20]発熱部品がトランジスタまたは抵抗器である前項19に記載の電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
[21]電源回路が、ディスクリート回路で構成される前項19または20に記載の電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
[22]個々の電源回路がPNPトランジスタを有し、前記トランジスタのエミッタが抵抗器を介して電流の最大値を設定するための端子に電気的に接続され、前記トランジスタのベースが電圧の最大値を設定するための端子に電気的に接続され、前記トランジスタのコレクタを出力とする回路である前項13~20のいずれかに記載の電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
本発明に使用される陽極体(導電体)の例としては、金属、無機半導体、有機半導体、カーボン、これらの少なくとも1種の混合物、それらの表層に導電体を積層した積層体が挙げられる。これらの中でも、陽極体自身を陽極酸化することにより誘電体層が形成できることから弁作用金属または弁作用金属の導電性酸化物が好ましく、さらに表面積の大きい誘電体層が得られることから細孔を有する陽極体が好ましい。このような陽極体としては、例えばタンタル、ニオブ、一酸化ニオブ、チタンなどの焼結体が挙げられる。また、陽極体は、後述するコンデンサ製造用冶具に接続するためのリード線を有するものが好ましい。
本発明では、複数個の陽極体の各々について陽極酸化時の電流を制限して陽極酸化を行うことにより陽極体表面に誘電体層を形成する。このようにすることにより、複数の陽極体を電気的に並列に接続し、まとめて陽極酸化を行う特許文献1の場合に比べ、各陽極体の陽極酸化を一層均一に進行させることができる。そのため特定の陽極体に電流が集中することが避けられるので電流密度を高くでき、また逆に、特定の陽極体に電流が流れにくく陽極酸化が遅れることも防ぐことができ、陽極酸化を短時間で完了させることができる。
しかし、陽極体の欠陥などが原因で正常に陽極酸化ができない陽極体、例えば、電流量が減少しない陽極体が混入していると、過剰に陽極酸化を行うことになる。これを避けるには、前記定電圧での陽極酸化の際、化成電圧が維持できる範囲で電流の制限値を誘電体層形成中に減少させることが好ましい。
特に、同時処理する陽極体数が多い場合(例えば、300個以上)、不良な陽極体が混入する確率が高くなるので、上記方法が好ましく使用できる。
このように誘電体層を形成することにより、正常に陽極酸化ができた陽極体では誘電体層が均質となり、容量の偏差の少ないコンデンサ素子が得られる。
固体電解コンデンサの他方の電極である半導体層は、一般に二酸化マンガンなどの無機半導体やドーパントをドープした導電性高分子などの有機半導体により構成できるが、本発明では、特に低いESR(等価直列抵抗)を得るために、誘電体層を有する陽極体上で重合を行い導電性高分子層を形成して半導体層とする。
電解重合を行う際には、電解重合初期では小さな電流で重合し、その後は電流量を増加して重合をすることが好ましい。電流量の増加は、段階的に行っても良く、連続的に行ってもよい。
上記範囲で電解重合を行うことにより、高い容量出現率で低ESRのコンデンサ素子を得ることができる。
本発明のコンデンサ製造用冶具は、絶縁基板上に電圧の制限値及び電流の制限値をそれぞれ設定可能な電源回路を複数(処理する陽極体に対応する数)有し、前記複数の電源回路の各出力に、前記陽極体用の接続端子(以下、陽極体接続端子と言うことがある。)が電気的に接続されており、前記複数の電源回路に対し、電圧の制限値を設定するための端子(以下、電圧制限端子と言うことがある。)及び電流の制限値を設定するための端子(以下、電流設定端子と言うことがある。)を有するものである。
図1中、7はリード線を有する陽極体のリード線を接続するための陽極体接続端子である。その形状は陽極体の形状に合わせ適宜変更することができる。
電圧制限端子(5)と化成槽または重合槽(8)の陰極板(9)との間に印加する電圧により陽極体(10)に印加される最大電圧の制限値を設定できる。電圧制限端子(5)と化成槽または重合槽(8)の陰極板(10)との間に印加する電圧がほぼ陽極体(10)に印加される最大電圧になる。
最大電流の制限値は、ほぼ、電流制限端子(4)と電圧制限端子(5)との間に印加する電圧、トランジスタのベース-エミッタ間電圧(Vbe)及び抵抗器の抵抗値により下記式で示される。
このようにして製造する場合には、同時に製造される300個以上のコンデンサ素子で構成されるコンデンサ素子群中の個々の前記コンデンサ素子の容量を、前記300個以上のコンデンサ素子の容量の平均値の90~110%の範囲内に収めることが可能となる。
また、前記コンデンサ素子群の1つまたは複数個のコンデンサ素子で構成した電解コンデンサからなる電解コンデンサ群でも前記同様の容量ばらつきのない精度のよいコンデンサが得られる。
また、隣接する陽極体接続端子間の距離は、接続する陽極体の幅よりも大きければよい。ただし、陽極体を処理液から引き上げた時に液橋ができない程度に間隔を広くした方が、液橋を除く工程が省略できるので好ましい。通常、陽極体の幅は1mm程度から10mm程度であるので、陽極体接続端子間の距離を1.25~12mmとすることが好ましい。
上記の冶具幅、陽極体幅及び陽極体接続端子間の距離を考慮すると、本発明の電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具1枚あたりの電源回路数を10~330個とすることが好ましい。
通常、発熱部品は、電源回路で消費される電力の大半(50%以上)を消費する可能性のある部品である。図2(A)の回路における発熱部品は、トランジスタ及び抵抗器である。
また、発熱部品は、電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具の一部分のみが高温とならないようにできるだけ基板上に分散して配置することが好ましい。発熱部品を分散して配置するためには、電源回路としてディスクリート回路を用いることが好ましい。
上記方法により、陽極体上に誘電体層、半導体層を順次形成したものをそのままコンデンサ素子としても良いが、好ましくは半導体層の上にコンデンサの外部引き出しリード(例えば、リードフレーム)との電気的接触をよくするために導電体層を形成しコンデンサ素子とする。例えば、導電体層としてカーボン層及び銀層を前記半導体層上に順次積層しコンデンサ素子を得る。
このコンデンサ素子の1つまたは複数の陽極を陽極端子に、導電体層を陰極端子にそれぞれ電気的に接続し、次いで樹脂外装することにより電解コンデンサが得られる。
1.陽極体の作製
ニオブインゴットの水素脆性を利用して粉砕したニオブ一次粉(平均粒径0.28μm)を造粒し平均粒径133μmのニオブ粉(このニオブ粉は微粉であるため自然酸化され酸素が110000ppm存在する。)を得た。次に450℃の窒素雰囲気中に放置しさらに700℃のアルゴン中に放置することにより、窒化量9000ppmの一部窒化したニオブ粉(CV値310000μF・V/g)を得た。
このニオブ粉を0.29mmφのニオブ線と共に成形した後、1270℃で焼結することにより、大きさ2.3×1.7×1.0mmの焼結体(陽極体)を作製した。なお、ニオブのリード線は、焼結体内部に1.3mm埋め込まれ、外表面に10mm出るように、1.7×1.0mmの面に植設されている。
図1に示した電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具(1)を用いた。大きさは194.0×33.0mm、厚さ1.6mmの銅張ガラスエポキシ基板であり、長手方向左右に8×10mmの切り欠け部があり、切り欠け部上側8×23mmに電極となる2つの端子部(片方を電流制限端子(4)、他方を電圧制限端子(5)とした。)が設けられている。左右2箇所の前記端子部は、端子部に有るスルーホール(6)により同面積の裏面の端子部と電気的に接続している。
陽極体接続端子に64個の焼結体(後述する半導体層形成時の溶液の這い上がり防止のため、リード線には内径0.24mm、外径0.80mm、厚さ0.10mmのテトラフルオロエチレン製のワッシャーが焼結体から0.15mm離れた位置に挿入されている。)のリード線を差込み、焼結体の高さと方向を揃えた。このような冶具を10枚用意し、別途準備したハンドリングフレーム(以下、HFと略すことがある。)の冶具差込口に挿入した。
なお、ハンドリングフレーム(HF)は冶具の左右端子部(電流制限端子(4)及び電圧制限端子(5))を差し込むソケットを有し、差し込むと、冶具10枚が8mmピッチ間隔で平行垂直に立てられる枠である。
2~6回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を10V及び101μAに調整したほかは実施例1と同様にしてニオブ固体電解コンデンサを作製した。半導体層形成時の重合条件を表1に、コンデンサの平均容量、容量の上下限値の範囲、及びESRの平均値を表2に示す。
2~6回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を10V及び82μAに調整したほかは実施例1と同様にして固体電解コンデンサを作製した。半導体層形成時の重合条件を表1に、コンデンサの平均容量、容量の上下限値の範囲、及びESRの平均値を表2に示す。
2~6回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を10V及び44μAに調整したほかは実施例1と同様にして固体電解コンデンサを作製した。半導体層形成時の重合条件を表1に、コンデンサの平均容量、容量の上下限値の範囲、及びESRの平均値を表2に示す。
1回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を、最初の10分までは10V及び25μA、10~20分は10V及び44μA、20~30分は10V及び63μA、30~40分は10V及び82μA、40~50分は10V及び101μA、50~60分は121μAに調整し、2回目~6回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を10V及び82μAに調整したほかは実施例1と同様にして固体電解コンデンサを作製した。半導体層形成時の重合条件を表1に、コンデンサの平均容量、容量の上下限値の範囲、及びESRの平均値を表2に示す。
1回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を10V及び25μA、2回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を10V及び44μA、3回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を10V及び63μA、4回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を10V及び82μA、5回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を10V及び101μA、6回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を10V及び112μAに調整したほかは実施例1と同様にして固体電解コンデンサを作製した。半導体層形成時の重合条件を表1に、コンデンサの平均容量、容量の上下限値の範囲、及びESRの平均値を表2に示す。
1回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を10V及び25μA、2回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を10V及び44μA、3回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を10V及び82μA、4回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を10V及び63μA、5回目及び6回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を10V及び121μAに調整したほかは実施例1と同様にして固体電解コンデンサを作製した。半導体層形成時の重合条件を表1に、コンデンサの平均容量、容量の上下限値の範囲及びESRの平均値を表2に示す。
1回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を最初の30分までは13V及び82μA、30~60分は10V及び101μA、2回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を13V及び82μA、3~6回目の重合時の電圧制限値及び電流制限値を13V及び101μAに調整したほかは実施例1と同様にして固体電解コンデンサを作製した。半導体層形成時の重合条件を表1に、640個のニオブ固体電解コンデンサの平均容量、容量の上下限値の範囲及びESRの平均値を表2に示す。
1~6回目の重合時の電圧制限値を10V、電流制限値を重合開始時は2.2μAとし、毎分1.98μAの割合で増加させ60分後に121μAになるように調整したほかは実施例1と同様にして固体電解コンデンサを作製した。半導体層形成時の重合条件を表1に、コンデンサの平均容量、容量の上下限値の範囲、及びESRの平均値を表2に示す。
実施例1の焼結体を用い、特開2005-244154号(特許文献1)の実施例1に記載の条件で誘電体層及び半導体層を形成し、上記実施例1と同様にして固体電解コンデンサを作成した。この誘電体層形成には10時間を要した。ただし、特許文献1の冶具の定電流ダイオ-ド(CRD)の電流値を、比較例1では平均60μA、比較例2では平均120μAとした。比較例1及び比較例2で作製したコンデンサの平均容量、容量の上下限値の範囲、及びESRの平均値を表2に示す。
比較例1で定電流ダイオ-ド(CRD)の電流値を平均44μAとした冶具、平均82μAとした冶具、平均101μAとした冶具を各々10枚用意し、最初は、平均44μAの冶具10枚に実施例1と同様の焼結体640個を取り付け、特許文献1の実施例1に記載の条件で誘電体層を形成後、実施例1と同様にして重合した。この誘電体層形成には10時間を要した。実施例1の電解重合時の電流値に合わせるため15分後に焼結体を冶具から外し、平均82μAの冶具に付け替えて15分間重合を行った後、焼結体をこの冶具から外し、さらに冶具を平均101μAのものに付け替えて30分間重合した(焼結体を各冶具に付け替えるのに、おおよそ1時間要した。)。この重合を6回行った後、実施例1と同様にして固体電解コンデンサを作製した。コンデンサの平均容量、容量の上下限値の範囲、及びESRの平均値を表2に示す。
また、ESRも一定の電流で半導体層を形成した比較例1及び2よりも小さくなっている。
比較例3は、実施例のように個々の陽極体について電流制限した陽極酸化を行わなかったものではあるが、半導体層の形成条件は比較例1~2よりも実施例の条件に近いはずである。しかし、比較例3のコンデンサ容量の偏差は比較例1及び2より大きくなっている。これは、冶具への焼結体取り付け、取り外しを繰り返す際に、十分な位置精度で再取り付けが行われなかったコンデンサ素子が表2のコンデンサに混入した結果によると考えられる。
2,20 トランジスタ
3 抵抗器
4 電流制限端子
5 電圧制限端子
6 スルーホール
7 陽極体接続端子
8 化成槽または重合槽
9 陰極板
10 陽極体
B トランジスタのベース
E トランジスタのエミッタ
C トランジスタのコレクタ
Claims (22)
- 複数個の陽極体の表面に陽極酸化により誘電体層を同時に形成する工程、及び前記誘電体層上に半導体層を形成する工程を含む電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法であって、個々の陽極体について陽極酸化時の電流を制限して陽極酸化を行うことを特徴とする電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
- 電流の制限値を誘電体層形成中に減少させる請求項1に記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
- 個々の陽極体について陽極酸化時の電流を制限して行う陽極酸化が、(i)絶縁基板上に電圧の制限値及び電流の制限値をそれぞれ設定可能な複数の電源回路と、(ii)前記複数の電源回路の各出力に電気的に接続された前記陽極体用の接続端子と、(iii)前記複数の電源回路に対し電圧の制限値を設定するための端子及び電流の制限値を設定するための端子とを有する電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具を用いて行われる請求項1または2に記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
- 半導体層が電解重合により形成され、前記電解重合が誘電体層を形成した個々の陽極体について電流を制限して行われる請求項1または3に記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
- 電解重合が、陽極体への通電手法により行われる請求項4に記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
- 電解重合時の電流の制限値を、電解重合中に増加させる請求項4または5に記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
- 誘電体層を形成した個々の陽極体について電流を制限して行う電解重合が、(i)絶縁基板上に電圧の制限値及び電流の制限値をそれぞれ設定可能な複数の電源回路と、(ii)前記複数の電源回路の各出力に電気的に接続された前記陽極体用の接続端子と、(iii)前記複数の電源回路に対し電圧の制限値を設定するための端子及び電流の制限値を設定するための端子とを有する電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具を用いて行われ、複数の電源回路のすべてが出力電流を制限している状態で、前記電源回路の出力電流の平均値が20~200μAのとき、個々の電源回路の出力電流を前記平均値に対して90~110%の範囲内に設定する請求項4に記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
- 陽極酸化と電解重合とが同一の冶具を用いて行われる請求項3または7に記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
- 複数個が300個以上である請求項1に記載の電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の方法で製造した、1つまたは複数の電解コンデンサ素子の陽極体を陽極端子に、半導体層を陰極端子に、それぞれ電気的に接続し、次いで樹脂外装する電解コンデンサの製造方法。
- 請求項7の方法で得られる300個以上の、誘電体層を同時に形成された電解コンデンサ素子で構成された電解コンデンサ素子群であって、個々の前記コンデンサ素子の容量が、前記複数のコンデンサ素子の容量の平均値の90~110%の範囲内にある電解コンデンサ素子群。
- 請求項11のコンデンサ素子群の1つまたは複数個のコンデンサ素子を含む電解コンデンサからなる電解コンデンサ群。
- 陽極体の表面に陽極酸化により誘電体層を形成するため、及び/または陽極体の表面に形成された前記誘電体層上に半導体層を形成するための電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具であって、(i)絶縁基板上に電圧の制限値及び電流の制限値をそれぞれ設定可能な複数の電源回路と、(ii)前記複数の電源回路の各出力に電気的に接続された前記陽極体用の接続端子と、(iii)前記複数の電源回路に対し電圧の制限値を設定するための端子及び電流の制限値を設定するための端子とを有することを特徴とする電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
- すべての電源回路が出力電流を制限している状態で、前記電源回路の出力電流の平均値が0.4~2mAのとき、個々の回路の出力電流が前記平均値に対して最大110%、最小90%の範囲内である請求項13に記載の陽極体の表面に陽極酸化により誘電体層を形成するための電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
- すべての電源回路が出力電流を制限している状態で、前記電源回路の出力電流の平均値が20~200μAのとき、個々の回路の出力電流が前記平均値に対して最大110%、最小90%の範囲内である請求項13に記載の陽極体の表面に形成された誘電体層上に半導体層を形成するための電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
- 前記電圧または電流の制限値を、誘電体層形成中または半導体層形成中に変えられる請求項13~15のいずれかに記載の電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
- 電源回路が、電流の制限値を設定する端子に印加する電圧により電流の制限値を連続的に変えられる電源回路である請求項16に記載の電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
- 複数の電源回路が、10~330個の回路である請求項13に記載の電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
- 個々の電源回路が発熱部品を有し、絶縁基板の表裏両面に前記発熱部品が配置され、絶縁基板表側の発熱部品のある位置の裏側に、前記表側の発熱部品と同一種の発熱部品が配置されている請求項13に記載の電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
- 発熱部品がトランジスタまたは抵抗器である請求項19に記載の電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
- 電源回路が、ディスクリート回路で構成される請求項19または20に記載の電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
- 個々の電源回路がPNPトランジスタを有し、前記トランジスタのエミッタが抵抗器を介して電流の最大値を設定するための端子に電気的に接続され、前記トランジスタのベースが電圧の最大値を設定するための端子に電気的に接続され、前記トランジスタのコレクタを出力とする回路である請求項13に記載の電解コンデンサ素子製造用冶具。
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JP2011176181A (ja) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-09-08 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 固体電解コンデンサの製造方法 |
WO2012081300A1 (ja) | 2010-12-13 | 2012-06-21 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 連結ソケット及び該連結ソケットを用いたコンデンサ素子製造用治具 |
JP2012182230A (ja) * | 2011-02-28 | 2012-09-20 | Showa Denko Kk | 固体電解コンデンサ素子の製造方法 |
WO2013084551A1 (ja) | 2011-12-07 | 2013-06-13 | 昭和電工株式会社 | コンデンサ素子製造用治具及びコンデンサ素子の製造方法 |
WO2013094252A1 (ja) | 2011-12-19 | 2013-06-27 | 昭和電工株式会社 | タングステンコンデンサの陽極及びその製造方法 |
WO2013099361A1 (ja) | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-04 | 昭和電工株式会社 | コンデンサ素子製造用治具及びコンデンサ素子の製造方法 |
WO2013172453A1 (ja) | 2012-05-18 | 2013-11-21 | 昭和電工株式会社 | コンデンサ素子の製造方法 |
WO2013190757A1 (ja) | 2012-06-22 | 2013-12-27 | 昭和電工株式会社 | コンデンサ素子 |
US9224538B2 (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2015-12-29 | Showa Denko K.K. | Solid electrolytic capacitor element, method for producing same, and tool for producing said solid electrolytic capacitor element |
TWI619132B (zh) * | 2016-07-26 | 2018-03-21 | Gemmy Electronics Co Ltd | Electrolytic capacitor and its preparation method |
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JP6043133B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-13 | 2016-12-14 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | アルミニウム電解コンデンサ用電極の製造方法 |
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JP2011176181A (ja) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-09-08 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 固体電解コンデンサの製造方法 |
US9224538B2 (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2015-12-29 | Showa Denko K.K. | Solid electrolytic capacitor element, method for producing same, and tool for producing said solid electrolytic capacitor element |
US9196428B2 (en) | 2010-12-13 | 2015-11-24 | Showa Denko K.K. | Gang socket and jig for manufacturing capacitor element that uses said gang socket |
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TWI619132B (zh) * | 2016-07-26 | 2018-03-21 | Gemmy Electronics Co Ltd | Electrolytic capacitor and its preparation method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2410541A4 (en) | 2016-05-11 |
JP5501935B2 (ja) | 2014-05-28 |
CN102356442A (zh) | 2012-02-15 |
KR20110071136A (ko) | 2011-06-28 |
KR101233704B1 (ko) | 2013-02-15 |
JP4620184B2 (ja) | 2011-01-26 |
JP2011061223A (ja) | 2011-03-24 |
EP2410541B1 (en) | 2018-05-30 |
CN102356442B (zh) | 2014-05-28 |
JPWO2010107011A1 (ja) | 2012-09-20 |
EP2410541A1 (en) | 2012-01-25 |
US8847437B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
US20120014036A1 (en) | 2012-01-19 |
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