WO2010055701A1 - 微細気泡発生機構 - Google Patents
微細気泡発生機構 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010055701A1 WO2010055701A1 PCT/JP2009/053228 JP2009053228W WO2010055701A1 WO 2010055701 A1 WO2010055701 A1 WO 2010055701A1 JP 2009053228 W JP2009053228 W JP 2009053228W WO 2010055701 A1 WO2010055701 A1 WO 2010055701A1
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- water
- collision member
- gap
- flow
- flow path
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H33/00—Bathing devices for special therapeutic or hygienic purposes
- A61H33/02—Bathing devices for use with gas-containing liquid, or liquid in which gas is led or generated, e.g. carbon dioxide baths
- A61H33/027—Gas-water mixing nozzles therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H33/00—Bathing devices for special therapeutic or hygienic purposes
- A61H33/60—Components specifically designed for the therapeutic baths of groups A61H33/00
- A61H33/601—Inlet to the bath
- A61H33/6021—Nozzles
- A61H33/6036—Hand-held connected to a supply hose
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
- B01F23/2326—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles adding the flowing main component by suction means, e.g. using an ejector
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/44—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits
- B01F25/441—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the configuration of the surfaces forming the slits
- B01F25/4413—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the configuration of the surfaces forming the slits the slits being formed between opposed conical or cylindrical surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/44—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits
- B01F25/442—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the relative position of the surfaces during operation
- B01F25/4422—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the relative position of the surfaces during operation the surfaces being maintained in a fixed but adjustable position, spaced from each other, therefore allowing the slit spacing to be varied
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
- B01F25/452—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces
- B01F25/4521—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through orifices in elements, e.g. flat plates or cylinders, which obstruct the whole diameter of the tube
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F35/00—Washing machines, apparatus, or methods not otherwise provided for
- D06F35/002—Washing machines, apparatus, or methods not otherwise provided for using bubbles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00
- D06F39/08—Liquid supply or discharge arrangements
- D06F39/088—Liquid supply arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mechanism for generating fine bubbles.
- Bubbles formed in the water are classified into millibubbles or microbubbles (further, micro / nano bubbles, nano bubbles, etc.) depending on their sizes. Millibubbles are huge bubbles to some extent, which rise rapidly in water and eventually rupture and disappear at the surface of the water. On the other hand, bubbles with a diameter of 50 ⁇ m or less are fine, so they have a long residence time in water and are excellent in gas dissolving ability, so they further shrink in water, and finally disappear in water ( It has a special property of completely dissolving), and it is becoming common to call this microbubble (Non-patent Document 1).
- fine bubbles refers to a concept that collectively refers to micro-nano bubbles (diameter: 10 nm or more and less than 1 ⁇ m) and nano bubbles (diameter: less than 10 nm) having a smaller diameter in addition to the micro bubbles.
- Patent Documents 1 to 5 various fine bubble generating devices that can be incorporated into, for example, a bubble water flow jetting part for a bathtub or a shower have been proposed.
- the fine bubble generating mechanism disclosed in these patent documents supplies a swirl flow generating blade body with a water flow, so that a negative pressure is sucked into the vortex formed by the blade body from the pores formed in the blade body shaft portion.
- Patent Document 1 Two-phase flow swirl method
- Patent Document 2 to 5 Two-phase flow swirl method
- JP 2008-229516 A JP 2008-73432 A JP 2007-209509 A JP 2007-50341 A JP 2006-116518 A Internet homepage (http://unit.aist.go.jp/emtech-ri/26env-fluid/takahashi.pdf#search 'Research on microbubbles and nanobubbles')
- the microbubble generation mechanism of Patent Documents 2 to 4 adopting a cavitation method employs a closed throttle hole such as a venturi tube or an orifice, and has a structure in which no other flow channel portion exists at the throttle hole position. Therefore, the flow velocity does not increase as expected due to an increase in fluid resistance when passing through the throttle hole, and radial back pressure from the inner wall of the hole is also easily received in the throttle hole, so cavitation (decompression) The effect is insufficient, and there is a difficulty that the amount of bubble deposition tends to be insufficient.
- An object of the present invention is to generate a sufficient amount of bubbles without using a complicated gas-liquid mixing mechanism, and the effect of refining the bubbles is dramatically improved. As a result, the bubbles in the microbubble region or the micro / nanobubble region An object of the present invention is to provide a fine bubble generating mechanism capable of increasing the generation amount of the above to a level that could not be achieved conventionally.
- the fine bubble generation mechanism of the present invention is: A hollow flow path forming member having a water flow inlet and a water flow outlet, in which a flow path from the water flow inlet to the water flow outlet is formed, A collision member protruding from the inner surface of the flow path wall of the flow path forming member; Having a gap forming portion facing the leading end of the collision member in the flow path in the flow path; A water bypass channel portion is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the collision member and the inner surface of the channel wall portion, and a lower flow rate than the water bypass channel portion is provided between the collision member and the throttle gap forming portion.
- a throttle gap is formed to allow the water flow to pass while being throttled so as to achieve a high flow velocity, and the gap passing water flow in which bubbles are precipitated due to the negative pressure generated in the throttle gap collides with the collision member and passes through the water bypass flow path section.
- the precipitated bubbles are pulverized into fine bubbles by being involved in a wrapping turbulent flow that wraps around the downstream side.
- the collision member is provided so as to protrude from the inner surface of the flow path wall portion of the flow path forming member, and the gap forming portion facing the front end in the protruding direction of the collision member in the flow path Is provided.
- a flow volume between a collision member and a throttle gap formation part is lower than a water bypass flow path part.
- a constriction gap is formed that allows the water flow to pass while constricting so as to obtain a high flow velocity.
- Bubbles in water are different from solid particles, and are likely to coalesce even if they collide with each other.
- a macro vortex formed by a swirling flow generating blade as in Patent Document 1 the probability of mutual collision of bubbles increases.
- the pulverization into microbubbles tends to be difficult to proceed.
- the flow velocity of the passing water flow is insufficient only by passing through a known throttle mechanism such as a venturi pipe, the pressure reduction level downstream of the throttle hole is small and the degree of vortex generation is small. Therefore, the amount of bubble deposition due to cavitation is small, and the collision to the extent that the bubbles are crushed cannot be caused sufficiently, so that the fine bubbles cannot be sufficiently formed.
- the present invention is not a structure in which a flow path portion other than a throttle hole such as a conventional venturi tube or an orifice does not exist, but it hits the collision member between the collision member forming the throttle gap and the flow path wall. Since the water bypass flow path portion for bypassing the water flow is formed, the fluid resistance does not increase excessively when passing through the gap, and as a result, a water flow much faster than in the past passes through the throttle gap. As a result, the squeezing gap and the cavitation (decompression) effect downstream thereof are greatly enhanced, and a larger amount of bubbles can be precipitated even in a water flow having the same dissolved air concentration (water is 1 atm, 25
- the saturated dissolved oxygen amount under the condition of ° C. is 8.11 mg / L (about 8 ppm), and the dissolved air amount derived from the atmosphere is about 30 ppm considering the dissolved nitrogen.
- the passage flow velocity of the throttle gap is increased, a large number of minute vortices are formed throughout the three-dimensional negative pressure region that is formed in a three-dimensional wide-angle area on the downstream side.
- the water flow that hits the collision member and passed through the water bypass flow path portion flows downstream of the collision member, and a violent turbulent flow with a larger flow rate is superimposed on the negative pressure region.
- the passing flux of the constriction gap containing the precipitated bubbles is vigorously and randomly stirred three-dimensionally by these two systems of turbulence, and a large number of micro vortices surrounding the precipitated bubbles attempt to draw the bubbles into themselves.
- the fine pulverization of the bubbles proceeds efficiently, and fine bubbles having a high concentration and a small particle diameter can be easily obtained.
- Bubbles are surrounded by a gas-liquid interface, and the surface tension of water acts on the interface. Since the surface tension acts to make the surface small, the surface tension functions as a force for compressing the gas inside the bubble having a spherical interface. Since the gas dissolves in water according to Henry's law, the gas in the self-pressurized bubble is more efficiently dissolved in the surrounding water. Among microbubbles, especially microbubbles or micro / nanobubbles are shrinking in water, so that a very large pressure can be generated at the moment of disappearance.
- the bubbles have a property of collecting ions dissolved in water at the gas-liquid interface, and the collected ions are concentrated as the bubbles are reduced. As a result, the fine bubbles in the water are in a state where the interface charge density is greatly increased.
- the water cluster structure (hydrogen bond network) is composed of water molecules (H 2 O) and a small amount of H + and OH ⁇ generated by ionization, but the interface structure of bubbles is H + or OH. -
- H + and OH ⁇ generated by ionization
- the water bypass flow path portion can be formed only on one side in the flow path when viewed from the water flow direction, but the protrusion direction of the collision member as viewed from the water flow direction. If the water bypass channel is formed on both sides, the turbulent flow will flow from both sides of the collision member toward the downstream negative pressure region where bubbles are deposited, so that the bubble crushing effect will be further enhanced and fine bubbles will be more It can be generated efficiently and is advantageous in obtaining finer bubbles having a smaller diameter.
- a preparation throttle mechanism that accelerates the water flow from the water inlet and guides it to the fine bubble generating mechanism can be provided.
- a preparation throttle mechanism By providing such a preparation throttle mechanism, it is possible to further increase the flow velocity in the throttle gap and its surroundings, and to measure further miniaturization and higher concentration of bubbles.
- a decompression cavity can be formed in at least one of the opposing surfaces that form the aperture gap between the collision member and the gap forming portion. That is, the decompression cavity formed on the surface of the collision member or the gap forming part facing the throttle gap functions as a stagnation space with a small flow velocity, so that the flow velocity difference with the inside of the throttle gap is enlarged, and the cavitation (decompression) effect by Bernoulli's principle Can be significantly increased. As a result, the amount of bubble deposition derived from dissolved air in the water stream increases, and the concentration of microbubbles in the water stream can be increased. From the viewpoint of sufficiently securing the negative pressure region, the opening diameter of the decompression cavity is desirably 1 mm or more, and the depth is desirably larger than the opening diameter.
- the opening diameter should be less than 10 mm (preferably less than 4 mm) and the depth should be opened from the viewpoint of setting the resonance wave band to an ultrasonic band (100 kHz or more). It is preferable to set it approximately equal to or larger than the aperture (preferably approximately an integral multiple of the aperture).
- At least one of the opposing surfaces forming the narrowing gap of the collision member and the gap forming portion is used as a throttle inclined surface that gradually reduces the distance of the narrowing gap from the upstream side to the downstream side on the water inflow side. Can be formed.
- the opposing gap of the throttle gap is continuously reduced as it goes from the throttle gap inlet to the depth of the gap, so that the water flow can be smoothly squeezed toward the depth of the gap, and the flow rate loss is reduced by reducing the flow rate loss when passing through the gap. Can be increased.
- at least one of the opposing surfaces forming the narrowing gap of the collision member and the gap forming portion is formed as an enlarged inclined surface that gradually increases the distance of the narrowing gap from the upstream side to the downstream side on the water outflow side. You can also
- Water flow separation irregularities can be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the projecting portion in the flow path of the collision member (or an opposing collision member described later). By forming the water flow separation irregularities as described above on the outer peripheral surface of the collision member, when the water flow flowing in the direction of the central axis of the flow path gets over the water flow separation irregularities, the water flow is likely to be separated. Turbulence can be further promoted.
- the water flow separation uneven portion can be a thread formed on the outer peripheral surface of the protruding portion in the flow path of the collision member. The screw thread has a certain inclination angle with respect to a virtual plane that is normal to the axis of the collision member.
- the narrowing gap has a maximum flow velocity of 8 m / min when water is supplied to the water inlet at a supply pressure of, for example, 0.2 MPa (gauge pressure: hereinafter the same). It is desirable that the upper limit value is adjusted so as to be at least 2 seconds (the upper limit value is not limited, but an upper limit value that can be achieved at a supply pressure of 0.2 MPa, for example, 50 m / second can be exemplified).
- the maximum negative pressure generated in the aperture gap is preferably 0.02 MPa or more (theoretical upper limit is 0.1 MPa).
- the entire area of the decompression cavity is easily maintained in a negative pressure state of 0.02 MPa or more. Can do.
- the negative pressure region formed adjacent to the downstream side of the collision member by the wrapping turbulent flow is maintained in the negative pressure state of 0.02 MPa or more by making the entire area in the decompression cavity into the negative pressure state of the level. Is possible. Both contribute to the remarkable cavitation effect for bubble precipitation.
- the supply pressure of water to the fine bubble generating mechanism can vary within a range of about 0.1 MPa to 0.6 MPa, for example, when directly connected to a normal water supply.
- it is of course possible to perform pressurized supply by a pump and there is no particular limitation on the upper limit value of the supply pressure in this case (for example, it may be about 100 MPa).
- the negative pressure level of the negative pressure region formed in the throttle gap, the decompression cavity, or the downstream side thereof is more preferably 0.05 MPa or more. Since this level of negative pressure is generated, not only the deposition of dissolved air but also the generation of water vapor by local boiling of water contributes to bubble formation, and the concentration of microbubbles that can be generated can be increased.
- the microbubbles included in the water stream injected from the water outlet can be 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the outer diameter of the collision member having the circular axial cross section and the water bypass flow path is preferably adjusted so that the Reynolds number relating to the collision member disposed in the water bypass flow path section is 10,000 or more.
- the Reynolds number Re is given by assuming that the outer diameter of the collision member is D, the flow velocity is U, and the kinematic viscosity coefficient of water is ⁇ .
- Re UD / ⁇ (Dimensionless number) (1) It is known that the flow around the collision member having a cylindrical cross section is turbulent when the Reynolds number Re is 1500 or more, and particularly when the Re is 10,000 or more, the bubbles are finely pulverized by the wraparound turbulence. Since the effect is dramatically improved, the bubble particle size at the number average value level can be easily reduced to a value of 10 ⁇ m or less, which has been difficult in the past.
- the outer diameter of the collision member having a circular axial cross section is adjusted to 1 to 5 mm by reynolds.
- the value of several Re can be easily secured to a value of 10,000 or more, and fine bubbles having an average particle diameter of 10 ⁇ m or less can be efficiently generated as a number average value.
- the flow cross-sectional area of the water bypass channel is adjusted so that the average flow velocity when supplying water at 10 ° C. at a supply pressure of 0.55 MPa to the water inlet is 18 m / sec or more, If the outer diameter of the collision member having the above is adjusted to 1 to 5 mm, the Reynolds number Re related to the collision member disposed in the water bypass flow path portion exceeds 20000. And if the maximum flow velocity of the passing water flow in the narrowing gap formed by the impingement member is 25 m / sec or more, the tap water in which the electrolyte is not positively added to the number average particle diameter of the fine bubbles contained in the jetted water flow.
- the negative pressure level in the throttle gap, the decompression cavity, or the downstream negative pressure region can be increased to 0.05 MPa or more, so that microbubbles that can be generated can be generated. Concentration is also greatly increased.
- the gap between the narrowing gaps is reduced in the fine bubble generating mechanism of the present invention, the flow rate through the gap decreases, while the amount of water flowing into the water bypass flow path increases. Therefore, if the gap between the throttle gaps is reduced within a range in which the flow velocity of the throttle gap does not excessively decrease, the effect of miniaturization due to the turbulent flow of the microbubbles generated in the throttle gap is enhanced, and bubbles with a smaller diameter can be generated. .
- the fine bubble generating mechanism of the present invention is provided with a narrowing gap interval adjusting mechanism that adjusts the interval of the narrowing gap so as to be changeable, the narrowing gap interval according to the required level of bubble narrowing and injection flow rate.
- the injection flow rate can be optimized by adjusting the gap of the throttle gap.
- the collision member is formed so as to penetrate the collision member in the protruding direction together with the flow path wall portion, and one end side opens a gas outlet in the throttle gap at the front end side of the collision member, and the other end side
- a nozzle passage that passes through the flow path wall and opens the gas inlet can be formed on the outer surface of the wall.
- the above-described decompression cavity can be formed on at least one of the opposing surfaces that form the aperture gap between the collision member and the gap forming portion, and the nozzle passage formed in the collision member is opened in the decompression cavity. Can be made. Since a particularly large negative pressure is generated in the decompression cavity, the amount of outside air suction can be increased by opening a nozzle passage here, and the generation concentration of fine bubbles can be further increased.
- the sub suction nozzle portion can be provided so as to penetrate the flow path wall portion on the downstream side of the collision member.
- the sub-suction nozzle portion has a nozzle passage that opens a gas ejection port in the flow path on one end side and opens a gas intake port on the outer surface of the wall portion on the other end side.
- the auxiliary suction nozzle portion opens the nozzle passage on the downstream side of the throttle gap, the outside air is mixed into the water flow through the passage in a state where the flow velocity is reduced from that of the throttle gap.
- downstream of the formation region of the wrapping turbulent flow by the collision member that is, a region immediately below the collision member where the bubble pulverization effect by the wrapping turbulent flow is significant (for example, within a distance within three times the outer diameter of the cross section from the collision member By deliberately avoiding a certain area) and providing a sub suction nozzle part on the downstream side, excessive crushing of bubbles introduced from the sub suction nozzle part is suppressed, and the size of the bubbles introduced from the sub suction nozzle part Can be adjusted to, for example, a number average particle diameter of 100 ⁇ m or more (the upper limit is, for example, 1 mm or less).
- the sub suction nozzle portion can be formed as a nozzle protrusion protruding from the inner surface of the flow path wall, and a gas outlet can be opened at the tip of the nozzle protrusion in the protruding direction. Bubbles that are introduced into the water flow from the gas outlet by generating a vortex or turbulence on the downstream side of the nozzle protrusion due to the water flow hitting the nozzle protrusion of the sub suction nozzle that protrudes from the inner surface of the channel wall Can be crushed.
- the fine bubble generating mechanism of the present invention includes, for example, a cylindrical main body housing, and a separate cylindrical flow passage formed in the main body housing so as to be detachably inserted in the axial direction from the opening.
- the collision member and the gap forming portion can be formed on the flow path forming member.
- a seal member can be provided that seals both liquid-tightly at both end positions.
- An air introduction gap that communicates with the air intake port that is formed through the wall of the main body housing can be formed between the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface located between the seal members in the axial direction. .
- the collision member protrudes into the flow path with respect to the resin flow path wall portion of the flow path forming member, and the rear end side is the inner surface of the main body housing. It can arrange
- a male screw part can be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the collision member and screwed into a female screw hole penetrating the channel wall part.
- interval of an aperture gap can be adjusted according to the screwing amount of this collision member in this internal thread hole.
- said male screw part can be utilized also as the above-mentioned water flow peeling uneven
- the gap forming portion can be formed as an opposing collision member that protrudes from the inner surface of the wall portion toward the collision member on the side opposite to the collision member with respect to the cross-sectional center of the flow path. It can form between a front-end
- the narrowing gap may be formed by making the front end surface of the collision member face the inner peripheral surface of the flow channel wall.
- the portion of the flow channel wall facing the collision member constitutes the gap forming portion. Become.
- in this configuration since the throttle gap is located in the outer peripheral region of the cross section of the flow path shaft where the flow loss due to wall friction is large, the flow velocity through the throttle gap tends to be small.
- the formation position of the throttle gap can be brought closer to the center of the cross section where the flow velocity is large, the passage velocity of the throttle gap is increased, the cavitation effect is enhanced, and fine bubbles are generated more efficiently. Can be made.
- a reduced diameter portion having a tapered peripheral side surface that decreases in diameter toward the distal end can be formed at a distal end portion facing at least one throttle gap between the collision member and the opposing collision member.
- the effect of generating turbulence near the throttle gap is further enhanced, and the generation efficiency of fine bubbles is further improved.
- the effect of generating vortex or turbulent flow due to detouring of the water flow is not only in the plane orthogonal to the opposing direction but also in parallel to the opposing direction (that is, the diameter is reduced). This also occurs in the direction of crossing the portion toward the narrowing gap side), and the three-dimensional bubble pulverization effect is further enhanced.
- the above-described decompression cavity that is retracted in the gap forming direction can be formed on one or both of the collision member and the opposing collision member on the front end face facing the throttle gap.
- the water flow in the throttle gap is The speed can be greatly increased by the reduced diameter portion. The increased water flow comes into contact with the stagnation portion in the decompression cavity, resulting in a very large flow velocity difference.
- the narrowing gap has a wedge-shaped cross section when a peripheral region forming an opening peripheral portion of the decompression cavity and a tapered peripheral side surface of the reduced diameter portion are opposed to each other at the front end surface of the collision member, and An annular constriction gap portion formed at an opposing position between the inner peripheral edge of the reduced pressure cavity and the peripheral side surface of the reduced diameter portion is formed in an annular gap peripheral space whose outer peripheral side opens to the water bypass flow path portion.
- It can comprise so that the structure which mutually connected may be made.
- squeeze gap regarding a water flow direction of a diameter-reduced part outer peripheral surface also functions as an auxiliary
- both a collision member and a counter collision member wrap around and contribute to generation
- the distance from the inner surface of the flow path wall portion to the gap center in the radial direction of the cross section of the flow path is the distance from the cross section center.
- the front end side protrudes into the flow path with respect to each of the collision member and the opposing collision member with respect to the resin flow path wall of the flow path forming member.
- the rear end side can be arranged in a form penetrating the flow path wall so that the rear end side is exposed to the outer peripheral surface of the flow path forming member inside the inner surface of the main body housing.
- the opposing collision member can be set as the structure screwed in the female screw hole penetrated and formed in the flow-path wall part while a male screw part is formed in an outer peripheral surface.
- interval of an aperture gap can be adjusted according to the screwing amount of this opposing collision member in this internal thread hole.
- the collision member by configuring the collision member as a similar screw member, it is also possible to adjust the position of the narrowing gap in the cross section of the flow path (in particular, the offset amount from the center of the cross section in the radial direction).
- the male thread portion of the opposing collision member can also be used as the water flow separation uneven portion.
- FIG. 3 is an external side view showing an example of a preparation throttle mechanism used in the fine bubble generating mechanism of FIG. 2.
- the cross-sectional view which expands and shows the principal part of a microbubble generation mechanism.
- FIG. 5 is an axial cross-sectional view at the aperture gap position in FIG. 4.
- the cross-sectional view which expands and shows the dimensional relationship of each part of FIG. The figure explaining the concept which adjusts an aperture gap by the position of an opposing collision member.
- production mechanism of FIG. Similarly, a simulation image relating to the internal flow velocity distribution when the aperture gap interval is set to 0.57 mm. Similarly, a simulation image relating to the internal flow velocity distribution when the aperture gap interval is set to 1.07 mm. Similarly, a simulation image relating to the internal pressure when the aperture gap interval is set to 0.57 mm.
- Relative volume ratio is the result of measuring the bubble particle size distribution in the water flow generated when water at 9.5 ° C. is supplied to the fine bubble generation mechanism of FIG. The graph shown by.
- production mechanism of FIG. The figure explaining the 2nd modification application example similarly.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment in which a sub suction nozzle portion is omitted from FIG. 4.
- the axial cross section which shows the 1st modification which concerns on the principal part of the microbubble generation mechanism of this invention.
- the axial sectional view which shows the 2nd modification similarly.
- the axial sectional view which shows a 3rd modification similarly.
- the axial sectional view which shows the 4th modification similarly.
- FIG. 33 is a transverse sectional view showing an embodiment in which the sub suction nozzle portion is omitted from FIG. 32.
- FIG. 40 is a trihedral view showing the detailed structures of the collision member and the counter collision member used in the fine bubble generation mechanism of FIG. 39.
- FIG. 40 is a trihedral view showing the detailed structures of the collision member and the counter collision member used in the fine bubble generation mechanism of FIG. 39.
- FIG. 40 is a diagram for explaining a concept of forming the aperture gap so that the interval can be changed using the collision member and the counter collision member of FIG. 39.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a hot water circulating bath unit incorporating a fine bubble generating mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the hot water circulation bathtub unit 1 includes a bathtub 301 and a fine bubble generating mechanism 21.
- the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 is configured as a cylindrical bubble generating module in this embodiment (the appearance is not limited to this), and the module mounting portion 302 formed through the wall portion of the bathtub 301. A water outlet formed at the tip is opened on the inner surface of the bathtub.
- the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 is connected to the outflow side of the pump 313 via a pipe 311, a pressurized dissolution tank 310 and a pipe 312.
- a pipe 311 On the other hand, an outlet 303 is formed in the bathtub 301, and an inflow side of the pump 313 is connected via a pipe 314.
- the hot water WA in the bathtub 301 is sucked out through the pipe 314 and sent into the pressurized dissolution tank 310 through the pipe 312.
- the hot air is taken in in the form of vacuum suction, and is further fed into the pressurized dissolution tank 310 to be gas-liquid mixed to increase the dissolved air concentration.
- the dissolution pressure in the pressurized dissolution tank 310 is adjusted within a range of, for example, about 0.15 MPa to 1 MPa (gauge pressure, the same applies hereinafter) according to the pressure regulating valve 316 (or pump flow rate) on the tank outlet side.
- the hot water WA whose dissolved air concentration is increased generates fine bubbles BM when passing through the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 and is jetted into the bathtub 301 as a water flow WJ.
- a piping system that is normally provided in the bathtub such as a hot water supply pipe and a reheating pipe, can be added to the bathtub 301.
- these piping systems are all well known, detailed description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 2 shows the internal structure of the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 in detail.
- the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 includes a water inlet 31 and a water outlet 106, a collision member 22 protruding from the inner surface of the flow path wall portion 25 of the flow path forming member 20, and a front end of the collision member 22 in the protrusion direction in the flow path FP. And a gap forming part 23 facing the part.
- a water bypass flow path portion 251 is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the collision member 22 and the inner surface of the flow path wall portion 25 in the fine bubble generating mechanism 21.
- a throttle gap 21G that allows the water flow to pass while being throttled so as to have a lower flow rate and a higher flow velocity than the water bypass flow path portion 251 is formed.
- the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 includes a cylindrical main body housing 10 made of a resin molded body having both ends open, and is inserted into the main body housing 10 so as to be detachable in the axial direction from the opening.
- the gap forming portion 23 is an opposing collision member (hereinafter, referred to as “projecting”) that projects from the inner surface of the wall portion toward the collision member 22 on the side opposite to the collision member 22 with respect to the cross-sectional center O of the flow path FP.
- the constriction gap 21G is formed between the front end portion of the collision member 22 in the protruding direction and the front end portion of the opposing collision member 23 in the protruding direction.
- the inner peripheral surface of the flow path forming member 20 is formed in a cylindrical shape, that is, the flow path main body 26 that is the front end side (water outlet 106 side) when housed in the main body casing 10, and the main body casing. 10 has a fitting base end portion 27 fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the opening on the water inflow side and an inner diameter smaller than the flow channel main body portion 26.
- the flow passage main body portion 26 and the fitting base end portion 27 are It has the connection part (henceforth connection part 25) which makes the above-mentioned channel wall part 25 connected mutually. As shown in FIG.
- connection member 25 includes a collision member 22 and an opposing collision member 23, each having a leading end protruding into the flow path FP and a rear end side inside the main body housing 10. It arrange
- seal members 262 and 275 are provided to seal both liquid-tightly at both end positions in the axial direction.
- annular seal flange 261 is formed at the front end portion of the outer peripheral surface of the flow path body 26, and a rubber first seal member (O) is formed in a seal groove formed in the circumferential direction of the front end surface of the seal flange 261. Ring) 262 is fitted.
- annular seal flange 272 is also formed at the rear end portion of the fitting base end portion 27, and a rubber-made second seal member (O) is formed in a seal groove formed along the circumferential direction of the front end surface of the seal flange 272. Ring) 275 is fitted.
- the main body housing 10 has a female screw portion 10 u formed on the inner peripheral surface of the rear end opening, and a receiving flange 105 protruding from the front end side of the inner peripheral surface.
- a male threaded portion 27t is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the fitting base end portion 27 of the flow path forming member 20, and the flow path forming member 20 is inserted into the main body housing 10 from the rear end side while being inserted into the female threaded portion 10u.
- the first seal member 262 attached to the flow path main body portion 26 is attached to the rear end surface of the receiving flange 105
- the second seal member 275 attached to the fitting base end portion 27 is attached to the rear surface of the main body surface 10B.
- Each end face is crimped to form a sealed state.
- a male screw portion 274 for connection is formed on the outer peripheral surface on the rear end side of the seal flange 272 of the fitting base end portion 27 of the flow path forming member 20, and an O-ring 273 is fitted on the outer periphery of the base end portion.
- a connecting female screw portion 278u is formed on the inner peripheral surface on the front end side of the receiving flange 105 of the main body housing 10, and an O-ring 279 is fitted on the inner periphery of the bottom surface.
- both ends of the distribution path connecting portion may be male screw portions, or both ends may be female screw portions.
- the flow path connecting portion is not limited to the threaded portion, and any of various well-known pipe connecting structures such as a one-touch joint may be adopted as long as a necessary pressure resistance can be secured.
- the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 is mounted in such a manner that the connecting female screw portion 278 u is screwed into the module mounting portion 302 side (the female screw hole) on the bathtub 301 side, and the pipe 311 is formed at the end thereof.
- the male screw portion is attached by being screwed into the connecting female screw portion 278u of the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 shown in FIG.
- a preparation throttle mechanism 30 (FIG. 3) between the water inlet 31 and the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 accelerates the water flow from the water inlet 31 and guides it to the fine bubble generating mechanism 21. See also).
- the preparation throttle mechanism 30 includes a cylindrical introduction portion 31A that forms a water inlet 31 and a cylindrical diameter that is integrated and communicated with the downstream side of the introduction portion 31A so as to reduce the diameter stepwise. A small portion 32.
- the preparation restricting mechanism 30 is a cylindrical shape that is fitted into an accommodation recess 271 that is concentrically formed in the fitting base end portion 27 of the flow path forming member 20 so as to open to the rear end. It is configured as a separate resin molded part. The space between the inner peripheral surface of the accommodating recess 271 of the fitting base end portion 27 and the outer peripheral surface of the preparation throttle mechanism 30 is sealed with a rubber O-ring 311.
- the distance ⁇ from the position where the throttle gap 21G is formed (the position of the central axis P of the collision member 22) to the rear end position of the reduced diameter portion 32 in the flow direction is the inner diameter d of the connection portion 25 so that it does not extend greatly. It is set to be smaller than 0 (preferably ⁇ / d 0 is 0.8 or less). As shown in FIG. 4, a notch groove 276f having an arc-shaped cross section is formed in the radial direction on the rear end surface of the fitting base end portion 27 of the flow path forming member 20, and the collision member 22 and the opposing collision member are formed here.
- the device is designed to reduce the distance ⁇ by fitting 23 respectively.
- Both the collision member 22 and the opposing collision member 23 are configured as metal (for example, stainless steel) screw members.
- a male screw portion 22 t is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the collision member 22, and is screwed into a female screw hole 22 u formed through the connection portion (flow channel wall portion) 25.
- the interval of the aperture gap 21G can be adjusted according to the amount of screwing of the collision member 22 in the female screw hole 22u.
- a male screw portion 23t is also formed on the outer peripheral surface of the opposing collision member 23, and is screwed into a female screw hole 23u formed through the connection portion (flow channel wall portion) 25.
- the interval of the throttle gap 21G can be adjusted according to the amount of screwing of the opposing collision member 23 in the female screw hole 23u. As described above, it is clear that the aperture gap interval adjusting mechanism that adjusts the interval of the aperture gap 21G so as to be changeable is realized.
- the collision member 22 and the counter collision member 23 both have a leading end protruding into the flow path FP with respect to the wall portion of the connection portion 25, and a rear end side forming a flow path inside the main body housing 10. It arrange
- both the collision member 22 and the opposing collision member 23 are screwed in the same direction, the position of the throttle gap 21G formed by the connecting portion 25 in the radial direction of the flow path cross section can be changed.
- a tool such as a hex wrench is used on each head end surface of the collision member 22 and the opposing collision member 23 protruding outside the connection portion 25.
- Tool engaging holes 222 and 232 to be engaged are respectively formed. If adjustment is not particularly performed with the interval or position of the aperture gap 21G being fixed, the collision member 22 and the opposing collision member 23 cannot be screwed into the connection portion (flow channel wall portion) 25 by insert molding or the like.
- a fixed and integrated configuration is also possible. Furthermore, only one of the collision member 22 and the opposing collision member 23 can be screwed, and the other can be fixedly integrated with the connecting portion (flow channel wall portion) 25 so as not to be screwed.
- the collision member 22 is formed with a decompression cavity 221 that is retracted in the gap forming direction at the tip surface facing the throttle gap 21 ⁇ / b> G.
- the opposing collision member 23 is formed with a reduced diameter portion 23k in such a positional relationship that the tip faces the opening of the decompression cavity 221 (however, the opposing collision member 23 is formed with a reduced pressure cavity and the collision member 22 has a reduced diameter. Part may be formed).
- the reduced diameter portion 23k formed in the opposing collision member 23 has a tapered peripheral side surface 231 (specifically, a conical surface) that decreases in diameter toward the tip.
- a portion of the tapered peripheral side surface 231 located on the water inflow side (upstream side of the flow) forms a throttle inclined surface that gradually reduces the interval of the throttle gap 21G from the upstream side toward the downstream side.
- the part located in the water outflow side (flow downstream) comprises the expansion inclination surface which expands gradually the space
- the collision member 22 and the opposing collision member 23 are disposed concentrically.
- the decompression cavity 221 has a cylindrical inner peripheral surface that is concentric with the outer peripheral surface of the collision member 22. As shown in FIG. 6, in the cross section including the central axis of the collision member 22, the distance from the opening inner peripheral edge position of the decompression cavity 221 to the outer peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 23 k of the opposing collision member 23 is defined as a gap flow interval ⁇ .
- the inner diameter d 3 of the vacuum cavity 221 is set to be larger than the gap distribution interval beta.
- the inside diameter d 3 of the vacuum cavity 221 is 2 mm, is larger than the upper limit 1.5mm adjustable gap distribution intervals beta.
- the position of the reduced diameter portion 23 k is adjusted in the axial direction so that a part of the distal end side enters the inside of the decompression cavity 221.
- the narrowing gap 21G is formed by the peripheral region 224 forming the opening peripheral portion of the decompression cavity 221 and the tapered peripheral side surface 231 of the reduced diameter portion 23k facing each other at the front end surface of the collision member 22.
- An annular gap peripheral space 251n having a wedge-shaped cross section is formed. The space outer peripheral side of the gap peripheral space 251n is opened to the water bypass flow passage 251 and an annular constriction gap portion formed at an opposed position between the inner peripheral edge of the decompression cavity 221 and the peripheral side surface of the reduced diameter portion 23k.
- a structure communicating with the decompression cavity 221 through 21n is formed.
- the water bypass flow path portion 251 is formed so as to straddle the outer peripheral surface of the collision member 22 and the outer peripheral surface of the opposing collision member 23 on both sides in the flow direction of the collision member 22 when viewed from the water flow direction in the flow path FP. It is formed with.
- the formation position of the aperture gap 21G is set such that the gap center Q is offset from the cross-sectional center O in the radial direction. It has been adjusted.
- a sub suction nozzle portion 24 is provided in the connection portion 25 on the downstream side of the collision member 22.
- the sub suction nozzle portion 24 penetrates the wall portion of the connection portion 25, opens a gas outlet 241 d in the flow path FP on one end side, and opens a gas inlet 241 e on the outer surface of the wall portion on the other end side.
- a nozzle passage 241 is provided. As shown in FIG. 4, when a negative water flow pressure is generated in the flow path FP, the outside air AA outside the flow path wall is sucked from the gas intake port 241e through the nozzle passage 241 and is generated by the fine bubble generating mechanism 21.
- the sub suction nozzle portion 24 has a nozzle protrusion 24b that protrudes from the inner surface of the wall portion of the connection portion 25, and a gas outlet 241d is opened at the protrusion direction tip of the nozzle protrusion 24b.
- a male screw portion 24t is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sub suction nozzle portion 24, and is screwed into a female screw hole 24u formed through the wall portion of the connection portion 25, and the nozzle protruding portion 24b depending on the amount of screwing.
- the protrusion height in the flow path can be adjusted.
- seal members 262 and 311 that seal both liquid-tightly at both end positions in the axial direction. Is provided. And between the said outer peripheral surface and internal peripheral surface located between these sealing members 262 and 311 in an axial direction, the air introduction which connects with the air intake 12 penetrated and formed in the wall part of the main body housing
- the narrowing gap 21G and the water bypass flow path portion 251 have an injection flow rate from the water outlet 106 of 6 to 12 liters / percent when water is supplied to the water inlet 31 at a supply pressure of 0.2 MPa, for example.
- Each size is adjusted to be minute.
- specific dimensions of each part of the main part including the flow path forming member 20 disclosed with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 can be determined as follows, for example. (Fig.
- Collision member 22 Screw outer diameter: M4.8, projecting height in flow path: 3.1 mm
- -Opposing collision member 23 Screw outer diameter: M3.8, projecting height in flow path: 2.2 mm
- Reduced distal end portion conical shape with a base angle ⁇ of 45 °
- Depth of penetration into decompression cavity 221 k about 0.2 mm ⁇ Offset distance ⁇ of the gap center Q of the aperture gap 21G: about 0.6 mm ⁇ Gap distribution interval ⁇ : 0.57 mm
- Sub suction nozzle part 24 Screw outer diameter: M3.6, Nozzle hole inner diameter: 1 mm
- FIG. 7 shows, in order from the left, the relative positional relationship between the collision member 22 and the counter collision member 23 when the gap flow interval ⁇ is 0.07 mm, 0.57 mm, and 1.07 mm.
- the lower part of FIG. 8 shows the simulation result of the flow velocity distribution inside and around the throttle gap 21G when the gap circulation interval ⁇ is 0.57 mm. It can be seen that the flow velocity reaches 32 m / sec in the vicinity of the tip of the reduced diameter portion of the opposing collision member 23, and that many trajectory lines pass through the throttle gap 21G. Further, a flow that flows around the outer peripheral edge of the reduced diameter portion is also noticeably generated, and the flow velocity is 24 to 30 m / second. Further, a high flow velocity region of 15 to 21 m / sec (around turbulence: corresponding to a negative pressure region to be described later) is also generated downstream of the collision member 22 and the opposing collision member 23.
- the spread to the downstream side of the high flow velocity region remains substantially in the middle of the distance between the axes of the collision member 22 and the sub suction nozzle portion 24. It can be seen that in the vicinity of the road center axis, the tongue extends to the point just before the auxiliary suction nozzle portion 24.
- the upper part of FIG. 8 shows the same simulation result when the gap distribution interval ⁇ is 0.07 mm. Since the gap circulation interval ⁇ is small, the number of trajectory lines passing through the throttle gap 21G is reduced, and the maximum flow velocity of the water flow passing through the throttle gap 21G is about 12 m / sec. On the other hand, the flow around the outer peripheral edge of the reduced diameter portion becomes more prominent. The flow velocity exceeds 30 m / second at a position near the constriction gap 21n, and the flow velocity near the outer peripheral edge of the reduced diameter portion is 24 to 27 m / second. About seconds.
- FIG. 9 three-dimensionally shows the simulation result when the gap distribution interval ⁇ is 0.07 mm.
- the collision member 22, the opposing collision member 23, and the auxiliary suction nozzle portion 24 are displayed only on one side with respect to the flow path axis by a longitudinal section.
- a large eddy current appears on the downstream side of the collision member 22 and the opposing collision member 23, it is certain that the turbulence is actually generated from the analysis result described later based on the Reynolds number.
- the flow velocity in the vicinity of the tip of the reduced diameter portion is 9 to 12 m / sec in the aperture gap.
- FIG. 10 three-dimensionally shows the simulation results when the gap circulation interval ⁇ is 0.57 mm.
- the flow velocity in the throttle gap and the region immediately downstream thereof is greatly increased, and the first vortex SW1 in the decompression cavity 221 becomes more prominent.
- the flow velocity in the vicinity of the tip of the reduced diameter portion is 23 to 30 m / sec in the aperture gap.
- FIG. 11 shows the simulation result three-dimensionally when the gap distribution interval ⁇ is 1.07 mm.
- a high flow velocity region immediately downstream of the throttle gap further widens in the facing direction of the collision member 22 and the counter collision member 23.
- the flow velocity in the vicinity of the tip of the reduced diameter portion is 23 to 28 m / sec in the aperture gap.
- the vortex flow formed on the downstream side of the collision member 22 and the opposing collision member 23 looks like a so-called twin vortex.
- the flow velocity immediately before reaching the collision member 22 reaches at least about 15 m / second.
- Reynolds number for the collision member 22 where D is 4.8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 m, the flow velocity U is 15 m / sec, and the kinematic viscosity coefficient ⁇ of water is assumed to be 1.31 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 m 2 / sec.
- the outer diameter of the collision member 22 (and the opposing collision member 23) can be adjusted in the range of about 1 to 5 mm, and the Reynolds number Re is about 11450 when the lower limit is adopted.
- the supply pressure to the water inlet 31 has a spread of about 0.1 MPa to 0.8 MPa in consideration of the normal tap water pressure, and the flow velocity U just before reaching the collision member 22 is also the above value (15 m / 2), the Reynolds number Re around the collision member 22 can be various values between 5,000 and 200,000. In any case, it remains unchanged that the condition Re> 1500 for the turbulent flow of the water around the collision member 22 is satisfied.
- FIG. 12 shows a simulation result of the pressure distribution inside and around the throttle gap 21G when the gap flow interval ⁇ is 0.57 mm. What is found from this result is as follows.
- the negative pressure level in the vacuum cavity is over 0.05 MPa over almost the entire area.
- the negative pressure level in the throttle gap is 0.07 MPa or more, and more than 0.09 MPa from the vicinity of the tip of the reduced diameter portion of the opposing collision member to the downstream side (as a result, the theoretical upper limit of 0.1 MPa (1 The region of atmospheric pressure)) is formed remarkably.
- a negative pressure region over the entire cross section of the connecting portion 25 is formed over a section about 2 to 3 times the outer diameter of the collision member 25.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the pressure change along the flow path center axis, showing the minimum negative pressure level near 0.1 MPa at the throttle gap position, and then the negative pressure up to the sub suction nozzle portion 24 vicinity. It can be seen that the state continues.
- Patent Document 1 further adopts a technique for generating a macro swirl flow by guiding the flow with a wing body. This also increases the flow velocity by rotating the flow and further rotates the flow. After all, there is no change in the point that the technology is aimed at increasing the bubble collision probability.
- the collision member 22 and the opposing collision member 23 that form the throttle gap 21 ⁇ / b> G form a water bypass flow path portion 251 that bypasses the water flow WF that collides with the flow path wall portion. ing.
- the fluid resistance when passing through the gap does not increase excessively.
- the water flow WF can pass through the gap 21G at a high speed exceeding 25 m / sec. Thereby, a strong negative pressure region exceeding 0.05 MPa is generated in the narrow gap 21G and a wide region downstream thereof, so that dissolved air in the water flow is precipitated and a large amount of bubbles BM are generated.
- the water flow WF that has collided with the collision member 22 and passed through the water bypass flow path portion 251 circulates downstream of the collision member 22, and the large flow rate assumed from the level of the Reynolds number Re described above.
- a minute vortex SWE turbulent flow
- the negative pressure region is formed not only inside the throttle gap 21G but also on the downstream side thereof so as to widen in a three-dimensional wide angle. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
- the passing flow of the constricted gap 21G including the precipitated bubbles BM is agitated by a large number of vortex flows while continuing the bubble precipitation in the negative pressure region on the downstream side of the gap.
- the peripheral area of the throttle gap 21G has a wedge-shaped cross section, and the annular peripheral edge of the annular gap that opens to the water bypass channel 251 on the outer periphery side of the space The space 251n is formed, and in particular, portions of the outer peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 23k located on both sides of the throttle gap 21G with respect to the direction of the water flow WF also function as auxiliary gaps. Therefore, cavitation is also generated in the water flow passing through the auxiliary gap, and the generated bubble BM is caught in the vortex SWE on the outlet side and pulverized, so that the generation efficiency of the fine bubbles is further improved.
- the individual eddy currents SWE generated by the turbulent flow have a lower pressure at the center than the outer periphery of the vortex, so that the flow around the vortex SWE acts to draw the flow around the vortex center.
- a large number of fine eddy currents SWE are three-dimensionally densely formed.
- the bubble BM precipitated and grown by the cavitation effect when passing through the narrowing gap is A three-dimensional coordination by a plurality of eddy currents SWE is always received. Since each vortex SWE applies a suction force to the bubble BM toward the center of the bubble BM, as shown in the lower part of FIG.
- the bubble BM is sucked in all directions by the surrounding vortex SWE. In this state, crushing into microbubbles BF is promoted and the bubble diameters are averaged. In other words, rather than colliding the precipitated bubbles BM with each other and pulverizing them, the image is surrounded by a large number of small eddy currents SWE each having a suction force and teared in a plurality of different directions.
- the negative pressure region is greatly extended to the downstream side of the gap, it is also possible to expect an effect that the bubble particles grown to a certain level or more are expanded by this negative pressure and burst and refined.
- the outer peripheral surface of the collision member 22 is a male screw portion 22t (23t) in this embodiment, but the outer peripheral surface of each member is a cylindrical surface that is smooth.
- the fact that it is a threaded surface contributes to increasing the efficiency of turbulent flow generation. That is, since the collision member 22 or the opposing collision member 23 is erected in a positional relationship in which the central axis is substantially perpendicular to the water flow direction, the screw thread (water flow unevenness portion) 22m formed on the outer peripheral surface It has a certain inclination angle ⁇ (for example, 2 ° or more and 15 ° or less) with respect to the virtual plane VP having the normal of the member axis.
- the water flow WF crosses the plurality of screw threads 22m inclined with respect to the water flow direction and flows downstream of the collision member.
- the water flow WF gets over the ridge line portion 22b of the thread 22m from one valley side to the opposite valley side, water flow separation that contributes to turbulent flow is likely to occur.
- the water flow separation uneven part as a serration part 22S along the axial direction of the collision member 22 (or the opposing collision member 23).
- a pressure reducing cavity 221 is formed at the tip of the collision member 22 so as to face the throttle gap 21G.
- the following actions and effects can be expected from the decompression cavity 221.
- the entire area of the decompression cavity 221 is a high negative pressure region exceeding 0.05 MPa, which promotes bubble precipitation due to cavitation and rupture due to expansion of the precipitated bubbles. Since it is easy to occur, it contributes to the refinement of bubbles.
- An ultrasonic band resonance wave is generated by the resonance of the decompression cavity 221 in the water flow, and cavitation for bubble deposition and bubble crushing by resonance vibration are promoted.
- the following mechanisms can be considered as factors.
- the tip of the opposing collision member 23 facing the decompression cavity 221 is reduced in diameter, the water flow riding along the tip is clear from the simulation results described above. As a result, it enters the decompression cavity 221 at a high speed exceeding 30 m / second, and repeats multiple reflections between the inner wall surfaces of the decompression cavity 221. Due to the multiple reflection of the water flow, an ultrasonic band resonance wave is excited at a natural frequency determined from the shape of the decompression cavity 221.
- the range of the Reynolds number Re is about 5000 to 200000 as described above, and the Strouhal number St for estimating the frequency f of the Karman vortex vibration is It is considered to be constant at about 0.2.
- the flow rate is 15 m / second and the outer diameter D is 4.8 mm.
- f St ⁇ U / D (2)
- the frequency f is calculated from 625 Hz, which is far from the ultrasonic band vibration.
- the structure formed by the collision member 22 is interrupted by the formation of the throttle gap 21G at the opening position of the decompression cavity 221, and the outer diameter of the front end portion of the opposing collision member 23 is infinitely small as it approaches the decompression cavity 221. It can be seen that it is shrinking towards the value. Further, according to the simulation result described above, the flow velocity in the aperture gap 21G is about 30 m / second, but the actual flow velocity is likely to be further increased in the vicinity of the front end portion of the opposing collision member 23.
- a gas water heater is connected to the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 disclosed in FIGS. 1 to 6 (however, the gap circulation interval ⁇ is 1.57 mm), and hot water at 37 ° C. is supplied at a supply pressure of 0.35 MPa.
- the water jetted from the outlet 106 was discharged into a water tank having a volume of about 90 liters. At this time, the average flow rate of the hot water supplied to the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 was 9.5 liters / minute.
- a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device (Shimadzu Corporation) is produced by letting warm water accumulated in the tank flow out from a measurement water discharge pipe (height at the bottom of the tank: about 40 cm) provided on the side wall of the water tank. It was led to a measurement cell of SALD2200) and the bubble diameter distribution was measured. In addition, since the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 discharged water into the water tank under the condition that the whole was submerged, the bubble diameter was measured in a state in which outside air was not sucked through the sub suction nozzle portion 24.
- the laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device makes the laser light beam incident on the measurement cell at a certain angle, and uses the fact that the scattering angle varies depending on the particle size of the particle to be measured (here, bubble).
- the scattered light intensity is detected by an individual photodetector, and information related to the particle size distribution is obtained from the detected intensity of each sensor.
- the detection intensity of scattered light at the corresponding detector tends to increase as the volume of the bubble increases, so that multiple light detections with different particle size intervals are handled.
- What is directly calculated using the output intensity ratio of the vessel is distribution information using the relative total volume (hereinafter also referred to as volume relative frequency) for each particle size interval as an index.
- the number average diameter obtained by dividing the total value of the particle diameter by the number of particles is generally high in recognition as the average diameter.
- the volume average diameter weighted by the volume can be measured directly.
- FIG. 16 shows the measurement results in a mode based on the volume relative frequency, and peaks are observed in the vicinity of a particle size of 100 ⁇ m and 400 ⁇ m.
- the distribution display by volume relative frequency even if there are many microbubbles, if a small number of coarse bubbles are mixed, the distribution information of the microbubbles, which should be superior in terms of numbers, is changed to the distribution information of the coarse bubbles. Since it is worn out, it is unlikely that the distribution of microbubbles is properly evaluated. For example, in the case of a system consisting of one 400 ⁇ m bubble and 1 million 1 ⁇ m bubbles, it is only 1 million 1 ⁇ m bubbles that can stay in water for a long time and exhibit various effects.
- volume average diameter an average diameter weighted by volume directly obtained from the measurement
- FIG. 19 shows the result of calculating the distribution based on the volume relative frequency using only the output information of the detector group having the particle size interval of less than 20 ⁇ m, excluding the output information of the detector having the particle size interval of 20 ⁇ m or more. is there.
- the total scattered light intensity due to bubbles of 10 ⁇ m or less (hereinafter referred to as first bubble group) is 50% of the total scattered light intensity due to bubbles of 20 ⁇ m or more (hereinafter referred to as second bubble group). It is thought that has been reached.
- the distribution information of the first bubble group is erased by the distribution information of the second bubble group, so this is converted to the number average diameter.
- the result shown in FIG. 17 can also be regarded as substantially reflecting the number average diameter of the second bubble group.
- the number average diameter of the first bubble group is estimated to be 0.55 ⁇ m (550 nm) as described above.
- the volume average diameter level obtained directly from the outputs of all detectors is around 120 ⁇ m according to FIG. That is, a considerable number of coarse bubbles, which are about 120 ⁇ m in volume average, are detected even though the measurement is conducted by introducing a part (about 100 cc) of hot water accumulated in a 45 liter water tank to the measurement cell. Yes. Specifically, the minimum unit of existence of bubbles that cause scattering is “1”, and the diameter class in which a non-zero volume frequency value is detected in FIG. 16 means that at least one bubble is included. To do. In the calculation result of FIG.
- the volume frequency of the diameter class of 100 ⁇ m is, for example, even if it is considered that there is “one” bubble of the diameter class.
- the total number of bubbles in all classes in which a significant frequency appears in FIG. 16 is estimated to be 5000 to 10,000. That is, it is considered that at least 5000 second bubble groups, which are about 120 ⁇ m in volume average, are included per liter.
- the amount of the first bubble group of 0.55 ⁇ m (550 nm) is estimated to be the smallest as described above, and about 10% of the total volume of the second bubble group is surely present.
- the fine bubble generator 21 (gap flow interval ⁇ is 1.57 mm) disclosed in FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 is connected to a water supply with a hose, and 10 ° C. cold water is supplied at a supply pressure of 0.55 MPa, and water to be injected Was discharged into a water tank having a volume of about 90 liters.
- the average flow rate of the cold water supplied to the fine bubble generating device 21 was 12.2 liters / minute. Almost no water vapor bubbles adhered to the inner surface of the aquarium.
- FIG. 20 shows the particle size distribution by volume relative frequency obtained directly from the measurement. The difference from FIG.
- 16 in the case of hot water is as follows. (1) There are only two distribution peaks in the coarse bubble region, around 100 ⁇ m and around 400 ⁇ m in the case of hot water, but only in the vicinity of 200 ⁇ m in the case of cold water. Moreover, it is clear that the existence ratio of coarse bubbles exceeding 400 ⁇ m is greatly reduced, and the influence of water vapor bubbles is suppressed. (2) Despite the display in volume relative frequency, the micro-nano bubble region of less than 1 ⁇ m that did not appear in the case of hot water, specifically in the vicinity of 0.2 ⁇ m (200 nm), the coarse bubble diameter region A clear distribution peak appears although the height is about 1 ⁇ 4 of the peak.
- FIG. 21 shows the result of converting FIG. 20 into a number relative frequency distribution.
- the bubble diameter indicated by the center value of the two peaks in FIG. 20 differs by about 3 digits (1000 times), and the number ratio when considering the same total volume is a difference of about 1 billion times.
- the peak disappears completely, and only one peak centered around 0.2 ⁇ m is observed on the microbubble side.
- the total number per 100 cc of the second bubble group which is about 200 ⁇ m by volume averaging, is estimated to be at least 1000 or more by the same consideration as described above. .
- FIG. 22 shows the detection intensity distribution of the scattered light for each detector in this case, but the scattered light detection intensity in the bubble diameter region of 10 ⁇ m or less is almost equal to the scattered light detection intensity in the bubble diameter region of 20 ⁇ m or more. It can be seen that
- Non-Patent Document 1 from the experimental fact that the zeta potential level at the bubble interface increases in inverse proportion to the bubble diameter, in the case of water not containing an electrolyte, the average diameter of microbubbles that can exist stably is only 1 ⁇ m. It was thought that the lower limit of about 900 nm, which is a lower level, is the limit. However, according to the microbubble generator of this embodiment, it is clear that microbubbles having an average particle diameter far below the limit value can be generated very easily and at a high concentration.
- a large amount of microbubbles BS is included in the water flow WJ discharged from the microbubble generating mechanism 21 into the bathtub 301 as described above.
- the dissolved water concentration of the hot water in the bathtub 301 once decreases due to bubble precipitation, but the dissolved air concentration increases again by being returned to the pressurized dissolution tank 310 by the pump 313, and enters the bathtub 301 through the fine bubble generating mechanism 21.
- the state where the microbubbles BS are always present at a high concentration can be maintained in the bathtub 301.
- the following various effects can be expected.
- Microbubbles have the property of collecting ions dissolved in water at the gas-liquid interface, and the collected ions are concentrated as the microbubbles shrink. As a result, the microbubbles in water are in a state where the interface charge density is greatly increased.
- the water cluster structure (hydrogen bonding network) is composed of water molecules (H 2 O) and a small amount of H + and OH ⁇ generated by ionization, but the interface structure of microbubbles is H + and It is considered that OH ⁇ tends to be settled, and these ion densities are higher than that of the bulk of water, and as a result, the microbubble interface is charged (Non-patent Document 1).
- the microbubble interface tends to be negatively charged under normal pH conditions. Since the microbubbles are charged, expression of physiological activity effects on a living body (human body or animal) by contact with water containing the microbubbles is expected. According to the present invention, since fine bubbles having a smaller particle diameter than before can be introduced at a relatively high concentration, the physiological activity effect can be expected to be particularly remarkable.
- physiological activity effect examples include adjustment of autonomic nerve, enhancement of lung function, improvement of allergic constitution, blood purification, cell activation (repair of damaged cells, metabolism), interferon effect (virus block) Inhibition of cell proliferation (anticancer effect), normalization of blood pressure, immunity enhancement, mental stability, air purification (deodorization / sterilization), and the like can be listed.
- the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 of the present invention is not limited to the hot water circulation bathtub unit 1 of FIG. 1 and can be applied to all uses where the effect of fine bubbles can be utilized. Specific examples will be described below, but the application target of the present invention is not limited to these specific examples.
- the upper limit value of the water supply pressure to the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 is not limited, and it is naturally possible to perform pressure supply by a pump to reduce the bubble generation efficiency and the bubble diameter (in this case).
- the supply pressure can be set at any time within a range of about 0.5 MPa to 100 MPa, for example).
- FIG. 23A shows an example in which a fine bubble generating mechanism 21 is attached to a bathroom shower head SH.
- the shower head SH is normally connected to the shower hose TB by screwing the connection socket TS into the male screw portion SHT formed on the proximal end side of the handle portion.
- the female screw portion 278u (FIG. 2: reference numeral 279 is an O-ring) of the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 is screwed into the SHT
- the male screw portion 274 for connection of the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 (FIG. 2: reference numeral 273 is an O-ring).
- the water flow from the shower hose TB can be guided to the shower head SH after passing through the fine bubble generating mechanism 21, and the water flow containing a large amount of micro bubbles can be transferred to the shower head. It can be injected from SH.
- the effects (1) to (4) described above can be enjoyed in the same manner by bathing this water flow on the body.
- the sub suction nozzle portion 24 (FIG. 3 and the like) is provided, so that the fine bubble BF generated in the throttle gap 21G and the sub suction nozzle portion 24 are introduced. It is possible to easily obtain a water stream in which two levels of bubbles, bubbles having a larger particle diameter, are mixed.
- the bubbles introduced from the sub suction nozzle portion 24 are suppressed from being crushed, and by adjusting the number average particle size to 100 ⁇ m or more (preferably 200 ⁇ m or more and 1 mm or less), the area around the skin of the shower water flow becomes softer.
- the presence of bubbles with large particle diameters has the advantage of maintaining the sensation of taking a shower with an abundant amount of water even if the flow rate is reduced.
- the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 of the present invention when applied to a shower, it is possible to enhance the washing-off effect of soap and shampoo adhering to the skin and hair.
- the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 of the present invention a larger number of finer bubbles can be generated than before, and the fine bubbles contained in the shower water flow itself are effective for removing dirt and dirt and for washing off the oil adhering to the hair. Since it is excellent, the amount of soap and shampoo used can be greatly reduced, or a sufficient cleaning effect can be obtained without using soap and shampoo. In addition, when soap or shampoo is used, foam drops well and the amount of hot water used can be reduced.
- the charged fine bubbles interact with water vapor, generating a large amount of negative ions in the air, and you can taste the feeling of forest bathing in the home bathroom. . Furthermore, since the interface of the fine bubbles is activated by the concentrated negative charge, the sterilization effect is excellent.
- a shower water flow containing such fine bubbles is used in a bathroom or a bathtub, a large amount of fine bubbles remain in the drainage, so it is possible to purify the bathtub circulation pipe and drain pipe and prevent slimming. In addition, the amount of detergent used for cleaning can be reduced.
- FIG. 23B is an example in which the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 is attached to the faucet 502 of the water tap 501.
- a faucet joint 503 is attached to the faucet 502 side.
- the faucet joint 503 is provided with an O-ring 503C provided inside the faucet side opening, and is attached in such a manner that the tip of the faucet 502 is press-fitted here and the bolt 503b is screwed in the radial direction.
- a female screw portion 503u is formed in the outlet side opening of the faucet joint 503, and the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 can be connected by screwing the connecting male screw portion 274 shown in FIG. Thereby, microbubbles can be introduced very easily into flowing water from a general water tap.
- Such flowing water has an excellent bactericidal action and can be suitably used for cleaning and cooking fresh foods such as vegetables, fruits and fish.
- the in vivo activity can be improved by using it for drinking.
- FIG. 23C is an example in which a fine bubble generating mechanism 21 is attached to the tip of a water supply hose TB connected to a water supply source such as a water tap.
- the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 is attached to the water supply hose TB by a connection socket TS similar to the shower hose in FIG. 23A, and a large amount of fine bubbles are introduced from the water supply hose TB into the water supply hose TB.
- the water stream WJ is jetted.
- FIG. 23D shows an example of the aquaculture unit 400 to which the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 of the present invention is applied.
- the basic structure corresponds to a structure in which the bathtub 301 of the hot water circulation bathtub unit 1 in FIG.
- the water jet may be carried out by penetrating the tank wall in the same manner as the bathtub 301 in FIG. 1, but in FIG. 23D, the pipe-shaped injection nozzle 402 with the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 attached to the base end is used as the culture tank. It arrange
- FIG. 23D illustrates the case where oyster OY is cultured.
- the particle size of the microbubbles that can be generated can be made particularly small.
- sterilization of oysters Or, inactivation of bacteria
- safe and delicious oysters can be stably supplied even in summer when poisoning or the like is a problem. It can also be expected to contribute to promoting the growth and quality of oysters.
- seawater is used as aquaculture water, but in the case of seawater containing a large amount of electrolyte, the average particle size of the fine bubbles that can be generated can be easily achieved at a level of less than 10 nm (so-called nanobubbles), and an inexpensive mechanism. It becomes possible to build a high-quality aquaculture system.
- the marine products targeted for aquaculture are not limited to oysters, but can be applied to other shellfish such as abalone, marine fish such as sea bream, sea bream and tuna, freshwater fish such as sea bream and sea bream, and crustaceans such as shrimp and sea bream. Is possible.
- FIG. 24 is a schematic view showing an example of a washing machine in which the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 is incorporated.
- the washing machine 600 is configured as a vortex washing machine, and the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 is attached to the tip of a water supply pipe 603 for supplying tap water so that water into which a large amount of fine bubbles is introduced is supplied as washing water. It has a configuration.
- the structure other than the portion where the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 is attached to the water supply unit is the same as that of a known washing machine. For example, in the case of the configuration of FIG.
- the washing tub 605 is disposed in a non-rotatable manner in the housing 602, and a dewatering tub 604 in which a number of dewatering holes are formed in the circumferential direction is rotatably disposed.
- a pulsator 607 is disposed at the bottom of the dewatering tank 604 and is driven to rotate by a motor 606, thereby generating a vortex in the tank.
- the water in the tank is discharged from the water distribution pipe 608, and the rotation transmission of the motor 606 is switched from the pulsator 607 to the dehydration tank 604, whereby the dehydration tank 604 is rotationally driven, and the laundry is subjected to centrifugal dehydration.
- the present invention is similarly applied to a drum-type washing machine in which the axes of the washing water tank 605 and the dewatering tank 604 are inclined to the side, and the dewatering tank 604 is configured as a rotating drum that is rotationally driven by a motor in the circumferential direction. Is possible.
- the washing effect for clothes is remarkably improved by washing with water containing a large amount of fine bubbles having a small particle size, and the amount of water or detergent used is greatly increased. This produces an advantage that can be reduced. In addition, a deodorizing effect due to the sterilizing action of fine bubbles can be greatly expected.
- FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a dishwasher incorporating the fine bubble generating mechanism 21.
- the dishwasher 700 has a configuration in which a fine bubble generating mechanism 21 is attached to the tip of a water supply pipe 603 for supplying tap water so that water into which a large amount of fine bubbles is introduced is supplied as cleaning water.
- the structure other than the part where the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 is attached to the water supply unit is the same as that of a known dishwasher.
- a liquid-permeable support portion 703 made of a net or pantin metal or the like is arranged in the casing, and a tableware tray (basket, net or pantin metal or the like) containing the dish PH to be cleaned is stored.
- Pipe-shaped injection nozzles 702 similar to those in FIG. 23D are connected to each microbubble generation mechanism 21, and cleaning water containing a large amount of microbubbles from the microbubble generation mechanism 21 is supplied to the nozzle holes 702 n of each injection nozzle 702. Are sprayed from above and below to the tableware PH in the tableware tray 704 for cleaning.
- the cleaning effect on oil and the like is remarkably improved by washing dishes with water containing a large amount of fine bubbles having a small particle size, and the amount of water or detergent used is reduced.
- the advantage is that it can be significantly reduced.
- FIG. 26 shows a configuration in which the sub suction nozzle portion 24 is omitted from the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 of FIG.
- FIG. 27 shows an example in which the bottom of the cavity is formed in a curved surface in order to make the water flow in the decompression cavity 221 formed in the collision member 22 smoother.
- FIG. 28 shows an example in which the opening inner peripheral surface of the decompression cavity 221 is a counterbore tapered surface 224 corresponding to the tapered peripheral side surface 231 of the tip of the opposing collision member 23. By forming the tapered surface 224, the effect of guiding the water flow to the front end side of the opposing collision member 23 is enhanced.
- FIG. 29 shows an example in which the decompression cavity 221 is omitted from the collision member 22 and the tip surface is formed flat.
- a tapered peripheral side surface 231 is formed at the distal end portion of the opposing collision member 23, but the distal end surface facing the collision member 22 is formed flat.
- FIG. 30 shows an example in which a shallow decompression cavity 232 is formed on the front end surface of the opposing collision member 23.
- the collision member 22 is not formed with a decompression cavity, and the outer peripheral edge of the tip is a tapered peripheral side surface 225.
- FIG. 31 shows an example in which the collision member 22 and the opposing collision member 23 are integrally coupled in the axial direction by the constriction coupling portion 21C, and the constriction gap 21G 'is formed through the constriction coupling portion.
- FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which the nozzle passage 226 is formed in the collision member 22 in the structure of FIG. 3 (FIG. 33 shows a configuration in which the auxiliary suction nozzle portion 24 is further omitted).
- the nozzle passage 226 penetrates the collision member 22 together with the wall portion (flow channel wall portion) of the connection portion 25 in the protruding direction into the flow channel, and one end side of the nozzle passage 226 is throttled at the front end side of the collision member 22.
- a gas outlet 226d is opened in the gap 21G, and the other end is formed so as to penetrate the flow path wall 25 and open a gas inlet 226e on the outer surface of the wall (the above-described tool engagement hole 226e and The decompression cavity 221 constitutes a part of the nozzle passage). Due to the negative water flow pressure generated in the throttle gap 21G, the outside air is sucked and taken in from the gas intake port 226e through the nozzle passage 226 and supplied to the throttle gap 21G.
- FIG. 34 shows a modified example related to the form of forming the decompression cavity 221 when the nozzle passage 226 is formed.
- the inner peripheral surface of the decompression cavity 221 is the tapered peripheral side surface of the tip of the opposing collision member 23.
- An example of a counterbore tapered surface 224 corresponding to H.231 is shown.
- FIG. 35 shows a configuration in which the decompression cavity is omitted.
- neither the collision member 22 nor the opposing collision member 23 is formed with a reduced pressure cavity, a narrowing gap 21G is formed between the flat opposed surfaces, and the axis of both members is the cross section of the flow path forming member 20.
- An example is shown in which the water bypass flow path portion 251 is formed only on one side of the collision member 22 (and the opposing collision member 23) by being arranged close to one side with respect to the center.
- FIG. 37 shows an example in which the opposing collision member is eliminated and the diaphragm gap 21G is formed in such a manner that the collision member 22 faces the inner surface of the flow path forming member 20 as the throttle gap forming part 23c.
- the front end surface of the collision member 22 is transferred to the convex curved surface corresponding to the inner surface of the wall portion of the flow path forming member 20.
- FIG. 38 shows an example in which the opposing collision member 123 is formed to be wider than the collision member 22 so that the water bypass flow path portion 251 does not occur on the side of the opposite collision member 123. .
- FIG. 39 shows another configuration example of the fine bubble generating mechanism 21 in which the collision member 22 and the counter collision member 23 in the form of FIG. 34 are incorporated.
- the main body portion of the flow path FP without the cylindrical flow path forming member 20 includes an orifice ring 127 that forms a preliminary throttle mechanism from the upstream side, and a collision member 22 and a throttle gap 21G that are fitted in the throttle hole 127h.
- Opposing collision member 23 is arranged.
- the downstream end side of the flow path forming member 20 is a venturi-shaped enlarged diameter portion 256.
- FIG. 40 is a component diagram of the collision member 22 and the opposing collision member 23.
- FIG. 41 is a diagram that changes and adjusts the interval of the aperture gap 21G by changing the axially opposing intervals of the collision member 22 and the opposing collision member 23. It shows how to do.
- FIG. 42 shows an example in which a rectifying plate 291 is arranged in the enlarged diameter portion 256 of the flow path forming member 20 of FIG.
- a rectifying plate 291 is arranged in the enlarged diameter portion 256 of the flow path forming member 20 of FIG.
- a plurality of rectifying holes 92 are formed in the circumferential direction, and a flow dividing cone 293 is integrated in a central region facing the throttle gap 21 ⁇ / b> G.
- the water flow in which the microbubbles are introduced in the restricting gap 21G is diverted radially by the diversion cone 293 and guided toward the respective rectifying holes 92.
- the water flow that passes through the rectifying hole 92 flows out from the throttle hole (which forms the water outlet) of the outflow side orifice plate 295 provided further downstream thereof.
- the rectifying plate 291 and the outflow side orifice plate 295 are integrally connected by an axial connecting wall portion 294 at the outer peripheral edge.
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Abstract
Description
水流入口と水流出口とを有し、水流入口から水流出口に向かう流路が内部に形成された中空の流路形成部材と、
流路形成部材の流路壁部の内面から突出する衝突部材と、
流路内にて衝突部材の突出方向先端部と対向するギャップ形成部とを有し、
衝突部材の外周面と流路壁部の内面との間に水迂回流路部が形成されるとともに、衝突部材と絞りギャップ形成部との間には、水迂回流路部よりも低流量かつ高流速となるように水流を絞りつつ通過させる絞りギャップが形成され、絞りギャップにて生ずる負圧により気泡が析出したギャップ通過水流を、衝突部材に衝突し水迂回流路部を経て該衝突部材の下流側に回り込む回り込み乱流に巻き込むことにより析出気泡を微細気泡に粉砕するようにしたことを特徴とする。
まず、水迂回流路部は、流路内にて水流通方向から見て衝突部材の突出方向に関しその片側だけに形成することもできるが、水流通方向から見て衝突部材の突出方向に関しその両側に水迂回流路部を形成しておけば、気泡析出する下流側の負圧域に向け、衝突部材の両側から回り込み乱流が合流するので気泡粉砕効果が一層高められ、微細気泡をより効率的に発生することができ、また、より細径の微細気泡を得る上でも有利となる。
Re=UD/ν(無次元数) ‥ (1)
にて表され、該円柱状断面の衝突部材周囲の流れはレイノルズ数Reが1500以上で乱流化することが知られており、特にReが10000以上のとき、回り込み乱流による気泡の微粉砕効果は飛躍的に高められるので、個数平均値レベルでの気泡粒径を従来困難であった10μm以下の値にまで容易に縮小することができる。例えば、平均流速が8m/秒以上となるように水迂回流路部の流通断面積が調整されていれば、円状軸断面を有する衝突部材の外径を1~5mmに調整することによりレイノルズ数Reの値を10000以上の値に容易に確保でき、個数平均値にて10μm以下の平均粒径の微細気泡を効率的に発生できる。
・衝突部材ないし対向衝突部材の縮径部の外周面先端付近においては、水流の衝突迂回長が外周面基端付近よりも短くなり流速が増大する。また、縮径部外周面の水流方向上流側に位置する部分は前述の絞り傾斜面を形成する。これにより、絞りギャップ付近の乱流発生効果がさらに高められ、微細気泡の発生効率がさらに向上する。
・衝突部材と対向衝突部材とに対し、水流の衝突迂回による渦流ないし乱流の発生効果が、それらの対向方向と直交する面内だけでなく、対向方向と平行は面内(つまり、縮径部を絞りギャップ側に乗り越える方向)にも生じ、三次元的な気泡の微粉砕効果が一層高められる。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る微細気泡発生機構を組み込んだ湯水循環式浴槽ユニットの一例を示すものである。湯水循環式浴槽ユニット1は、浴槽301と、微細気泡発生機構21とを有する。微細気泡発生機構21は、本実施形態では筒状の気泡発生モジュールとして構成され(外観形態はこれに限定されるものではない)、浴槽301の壁部を貫通して形成されたモジュール装着部302に着脱可能に装着され、先端に形成された水流出口を浴槽内面に開口する。該微細気泡発生機構21は配管311、加圧溶解タンク310及び配管312を介してポンプ313の流出側に接続される。他方、浴槽301には流出口303が形成され、配管314を介してポンプ313の流入側が接続されている。
図2に示すように、微細気泡発生機構21は両端が開口する樹脂成形体からなる筒状の本体筐体10と、該本体筐体10内に開口から軸線方向に着脱可能に挿入され、内部が流路FPとされる別体筒状の樹脂成形体からなる流路形成部材20とを有する。図4及び図5に示すように、ギャップ形成部23は、流路FPの断面中心Oに関して衝突部材22と反対側にて壁部内面から衝突部材22に向けて突出する対向衝突部材(以下、対向衝突部材23ともいう)として形成され、絞りギャップ21Gは衝突部材22の突出方向先端部と対向衝突部材23の突出方向先端部との間に形成されている。
(図4)
・流路本体部26: 内径=8.6mm、流路長=70.5mm
・接続部25: 内径d0=5.4mm、流路長=24mm
・準備絞り機構30の縮径部: 内径d1=3mm、流路長=16mm
・準備絞り機構30の導入部31A: 内径d1=3mm、流路長=10mm
(図6)
・衝突部材22: ねじ外径:M4.8、流路内突出高さ:3.1mm
・減圧空洞221: 内径d3:2mm、深さH:4.5mm(H/d3=2.5)
・対向衝突部材23: ねじ外径:M3.8、流路内突出高さ:2.2mm
先端縮径部:底角θが45゜の円錐形
減圧空洞221に対する侵入深さk:約0.2mm
・絞りギャップ21Gのギャップ中心Qのオフセット距離λ:約0.6mm
・ギャップ流通間隔β:0.57mm
・副吸引ノズル部24: ねじ外径:M3.6、ノズル孔内径:1mm
ノズル突出部24bの流路内突出高さ:2.5mm
・衝突部材22と副吸引ノズル部24との軸線間距離:3mm
Re=(4.8×10-3)×15/(1.31×10-6)=54961
となる。これは、衝突部材22の周囲の水流が乱流化するためのレイノルズ数Reの目安(約1500)をはるかに超えた値であり、衝突部材22ひいては対向衝突部材23の直下流域では、上記レイノルズ数に対応した極めて激しい回り込み乱流が三次元的に生じていることを意味する。
・減圧空洞内の負圧レベルはほぼ全域に渡って0.05MPa超である。
・絞りギャップ内の負圧レベルは0.07MPa以上であり、特に対向衝突部材の縮径部の先端付近から下流側に向けて0.09MPa超(ひいては、理論上限値である0.1MPa(1気圧))の領域が顕著に形成されている。
・絞りギャップ及び衝突部材の下流側には、接続部25の全断面に渡る負圧域が、衝突部材25の外径の2~3倍程度の区間に渡って形成されており、特に、絞りギャップ及び衝突部材25の直下流域には0.05MPa超の顕著な負圧域が衝突部材25の外径の1~1.5倍程度の区間に渡って形成されている。つまり、流路FP内にて回り込み乱流CFの発生空間の大部分が負圧状態になっていると考えられる。
図13は、流路中心軸線に沿った圧力変化をグラフ化して示すものであり、絞りギャップ位置にて0.1MPa付近の最低負圧レベルを示し、その後、副吸引ノズル部24付近まで負圧状態が継続していることがわかる。
・上述のシミュレーション結果からも明らかな通り、減圧空洞221内は全域が0.05MPaを超える高負圧域となっており、キャビテーションのよる気泡析出が促進されるとともに、析出した気泡の膨張による破裂も起こりやすいので、気泡の微細化に寄与する。
f=St・U/D ‥ (2)
から周波数fを算出すると625Hzとなり、超音波帯振動からは程遠いとなる。しかし、衝突部材22が形成する構造体は、減圧空洞221の開口位置で絞りギャップ21Gの形成により途切れており、対向衝突部材23の先端部の外径は減圧空洞221に近づくにつれ無限小の極限値に向けて縮小していると見ることができる。また、絞りギャップ21Gでの流速は、前述のシミュレーション結果によると30m/秒前後であるが、対向衝突部材23の先端部近傍では実際の流速はさらに大きくなっている可能性が高い
1203×5000×0.1÷0.553=5.04×109(個/リットル)
となり、約50億個を超えることがわかる。
(1)粗大気泡領域での分布ピークが、温水の場合は100μm前後と400μm前後の2つ存在していたのが、冷水では200μm付近の1個のみである。また、400μmを超える粗大気泡の存在比率が大幅に減少し、水蒸気泡の影響が抑制されていることが明らかである。
(2)体積相対頻度での表示であるにもかかわらず、温水の場合には現れなかった1μm未満のマイクロ・ナノバブル領域、具体的には0.2μm(200nm)付近に、粗大気泡径領域でのピークの1/4程度の高さではあるが明確な分布ピークが現れている。
(1)微小気泡が毛穴の奥まで入り込み、それが消滅する際の大きなエネルギーにより老廃物がかき出され、また、皮膚表面の角質層が優しく丁寧に除去されるので、入浴後の肌のつるつる感やすべすべ感が大幅に向上する。
(2)微小気泡が消滅する際に皮膚の油分がコロイド(微粒子)化し、適度に肌に残留するので保湿性に優れる。その結果、長時間しっとり・すべすべで弾力感のある肌を保つことができ、若返り効果も期待できる。
(3)全身の毛穴に入り込んだ微小気泡が消滅する際に程よい刺激を与えるために、血行がよくなり体の芯から温まることができる。風呂上り後も湯冷めしにくく、温泉気分を味わえる(カプサイシン効果)。また、無数のマイクロバブルが体に当たる際にも、皮膚が微細に刺激されるのでマッサージ効果を高めることができ、ひいては血行が改善され皮膚を活性化する効果が期待できる。
Claims (23)
- 水流入口と水流出口とを有し、水流入口から前記水流出口に向かう流路が内部に形成された中空の流路形成部材と、
前記流路形成部材の流路壁部の内面から突出する衝突部材と、
前記流路内にて前記衝突部材の突出方向先端部と対向するギャップ形成部とを有し、
前記衝突部材の外周面と前記流路壁部の内面との間に水迂回流路部が形成されるとともに、前記衝突部材と絞りギャップ形成部との間には、前記水迂回流路部よりも低流量かつ高流速となるように水流を絞りつつ通過させる絞りギャップが形成され、前記絞りギャップにて生ずる負圧により気泡が析出したギャップ通過水流を、前記衝突部材に衝突し前記水迂回流路部を経て該衝突部材の下流側に回り込む回り込み乱流に巻き込むことにより前記析出気泡を微細気泡に粉砕するようにしたことを特徴とする微細気泡発生機構。 - 前記水迂回流路部は、前記流路内にて水流通方向から見て前記衝突部材の突出方向に関しその両側に形成されている請求の範囲第1項記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記衝突部材及び前記ギャップ形成部との前記絞りギャップを形成する各対向面の少なくともいずれかに減圧空洞が形成されている請求の範囲第1項又は第2項に記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記水流入口と前記微細気泡発生機構との間に、前記水流入口からの水流を増速して前記微細気泡発生機構に導く準備絞り機構が設けられている請求の範囲第1項ないし第3項のいずれか1項に記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記衝突部材及び前記ギャップ形成部の前記絞りギャップを形成する各対向面の少なくともいずれかが、水流入側にて該絞りギャップの間隔を上流側から下流側に向けて漸次縮小させる絞り傾斜面として形成されている請求の範囲第1項ないし第4項のいずれか1項に記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記衝突部材及び前記ギャップ形成部の前記絞りギャップを形成する各対向面の少なくともいずれかが、水流出側にて該絞りギャップの間隔を上流側から下流側に向けて漸次拡大させる拡大傾斜面として形成されている請求の範囲第1項ないし第5項のいずれか1項に記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記衝突部材の前記流路内突出部分の外周面に、水流剥離凹凸部が形成されている請求の範囲第1項ないし第6項のいずれか1項に記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記水流剥離凹凸部は、前記衝突部材の前記流路内突出部分の外周面に形成されたねじ山である請求の範囲第7項記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記絞りギャップと前記水迂回流路部とが、前記水流入口に供給圧力0.2MPaにて水を供給したとき、前記絞りギャップを通過する水流の最大流速が8m/秒以上となるように各々寸法調整されている請求の範囲第1項ないし第8項のいずれか1項に記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記水流入口に供給圧力0.2MPaにて水を供給したとき、前記絞りギャップに発生する最大負圧が0.02MPa以上である請求の範囲第9項記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 請求の範囲第3項又は第4項に記載の前記減圧空洞が形成され、前記水流入口に供給圧力0.2MPaにて水を供給したとき、該減圧空洞の全域が0.02MPa以上の負圧状態となる請求の範囲第10項記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記水流入口に供給圧力0.2MPaにて水を供給したとき、前記水流出口から噴射される水流に含まれる微細気泡の数平均粒径が10μm以下である請求の範囲第10項又は第11項に記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記水流入口に供給圧力0.2MPaにて40℃の水を供給したとき、前記水迂回流路部内に配置された前記衝突部材に関するレイノルズ数が10000以上となるように、円状軸断面を有する前記衝突部材の外径と、前記水迂回流路部の流通断面積とが調整されてなる請求の範囲第12項記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記水迂回流路部は平均流速が8m/秒以上となるように流通断面積が調整され、円状軸断面を有する前記衝突部材の外径が1~5mmに調整されてなる請求の範囲第13項記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記水流入口に供給圧力0.55MPaにて10℃の水を供給したとき、前記水迂回流路部は平均流速が18m/秒以上となるように流通断面積が調整され、円状軸断面を有する前記衝突部材の外径が1~5mmに調整され、前記水迂回流路部内に配置された前記衝突部材に関するレイノルズ数が20000以上であり、さらに、前記絞りギャップを通過する水流の最大流速が25m/秒以上であり、かつ、前記前記水流出口から噴射される水流に含まれる微細気泡の数平均粒径が1μm以下である請求の範囲第14項記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記衝突部材には、前記流路壁部とともに該衝突部材を突出方向に貫通する形にて、一端側が該衝突部材の先端側にて前記絞りギャップ内に気体噴出口を開口し、他端側が前記流路壁部を貫通して壁部外面に気体取入口を開口するノズル通路が形成され、前記絞りギャップ内に発生する水流負圧にて前記流路壁部外側の外気を前記気体取入口から前記ノズル通路を介して前記絞りギャップ内に吸引・供給するようにした請求の範囲第1項ないし第15項のいずれか1項に記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記衝突部材及び前記ギャップ形成部との前記絞りギャップを形成する各対向面の少なくともいずれかに減圧空洞が形成され、前記衝突部材に形成される前記ノズル通路が該減圧空洞内に開口してなる請求の範囲第16項記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記ギャップ形成部は、前記流路の断面中心に関して前記衝突部材と反対側にて前記壁部内面から前記衝突部材に向けて突出する対向衝突部材として形成され、前記絞りギャップが前記衝突部材の突出方向先端部と前記対向衝突部材の突出方向先端部との間に形成されている請求の範囲第1項ないし第17項のいずれか1項に記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記衝突部材と前記対向衝突部材との少なくとも一方の前記絞りギャップに臨む先端部分が、先端に向かうほど径小となるテーパ状の周側面を有した縮径部が形成されてなる請求の範囲第18項記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記衝突部材及び前記対向衝突部材の一方には、前記絞りギャップに臨む先端面にギャップ形成方向に引っ込む減圧空洞が形成され、他方には先端が前記減圧空洞の開口に臨む位置関係にて前記縮径部が形成されている請求の範囲第19項記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記絞りギャップは、前記衝突部材の先端面にて前記減圧空洞の開口周縁部をなす周縁領域と前記縮径部のテーパ状の周側面の外周縁領域とが対向することにより楔状断面を有し、かつ空間外周側が前記水迂回流路部に開放する円環状のギャップ周縁空間と前記減圧空洞とが、前記減圧空洞の開口内周縁と前記縮径部の前記周側面との対向位置に形成される円環状のくびれギャップ部を介して互いに連通した構造をなす請求の範囲第20項記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記水迂回流路部が、前記衝突部材の外周面と前記対向衝突部材の外周面とにまたがる形で形成されている請求の範囲第18項ないし第21項のいずれか1項に記載の微細気泡発生機構。
- 前記絞りギャップの水流入側開口位置におけるギャップ間隔の中心をギャップ中心として定義したとき、前記流路の断面半径方向にて前記流路壁部の内面から前記ギャップ中心までの距離が、断面中心からの距離よりも小さくならない範囲にて、該断面中心から半径方向に所定長オフセットするように前記絞りギャップの形成位置が調整されてなる請求の範囲第18項ないし第21項のいずれか1項に記載の微細気泡発生機構。
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JP2008-292241 | 2008-11-14 | ||
JP2008292241A JP2012040448A (ja) | 2008-11-14 | 2008-11-14 | マイクロバブル発生装置 |
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PCT/JP2009/053228 WO2010055701A1 (ja) | 2008-11-14 | 2009-02-23 | 微細気泡発生機構 |
PCT/JP2009/053229 WO2010055702A1 (ja) | 2008-11-14 | 2009-02-23 | 微細気泡発生機構付シャワー装置 |
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KR (1) | KR20110083499A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101795757A (ja) |
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WO (2) | WO2010055701A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101795757A (zh) | 2010-08-04 |
WO2010055702A1 (ja) | 2010-05-20 |
KR20110083499A (ko) | 2011-07-20 |
JP2012040448A (ja) | 2012-03-01 |
TW201018438A (en) | 2010-05-16 |
TW201018527A (en) | 2010-05-16 |
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