WO2006126319A1 - 高電子移動度トランジスタ、電界効果トランジスタ、エピタキシャル基板、エピタキシャル基板を作製する方法およびiii族窒化物系トランジスタを作製する方法 - Google Patents
高電子移動度トランジスタ、電界効果トランジスタ、エピタキシャル基板、エピタキシャル基板を作製する方法およびiii族窒化物系トランジスタを作製する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- gallium nitride
- semiconductor
- buffer layer
- carbon concentration
- growth
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 162
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 63
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 45
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 29
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 395
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 367
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 210
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000927 vapour-phase epitaxy Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002704 AlGaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005533 two-dimensional electron gas Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- RGGPNXQUMRMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylgallium Chemical compound CC[Ga](CC)CC RGGPNXQUMRMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001803 electron scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001195 gallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/778—Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface
- H01L29/7786—Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface with direct single heterostructure, i.e. with wide bandgap layer formed on top of active layer, e.g. direct single heterostructure MIS-like HEMT
- H01L29/7787—Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface with direct single heterostructure, i.e. with wide bandgap layer formed on top of active layer, e.g. direct single heterostructure MIS-like HEMT with wide bandgap charge-carrier supplying layer, e.g. direct single heterostructure MODFET
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02367—Substrates
- H01L21/0237—Materials
- H01L21/02387—Group 13/15 materials
- H01L21/02389—Nitrides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02436—Intermediate layers between substrates and deposited layers
- H01L21/02439—Materials
- H01L21/02455—Group 13/15 materials
- H01L21/02458—Nitrides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02521—Materials
- H01L21/02538—Group 13/15 materials
- H01L21/0254—Nitrides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/0257—Doping during depositing
- H01L21/02573—Conductivity type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
- H01L21/02617—Deposition types
- H01L21/0262—Reduction or decomposition of gaseous compounds, e.g. CVD
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
- H01L29/66227—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
- H01L29/66409—Unipolar field-effect transistors
- H01L29/66446—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an active layer made of a group 13/15 material, e.g. group 13/15 velocity modulation transistor [VMT], group 13/15 negative resistance FET [NERFET]
- H01L29/66462—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an active layer made of a group 13/15 material, e.g. group 13/15 velocity modulation transistor [VMT], group 13/15 negative resistance FET [NERFET] with a heterojunction interface channel or gate, e.g. HFET, HIGFET, SISFET, HJFET, HEMT
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/20—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
- H01L29/2003—Nitride compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high electron mobility transistor, a field effect transistor (MES (Metal-Semiconductor) field effect transistor, MIS (Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor) field effect transistor), an epitaxial substrate, and an epitaxial substrate.
- MES Metal-Semiconductor
- MIS Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor field effect transistor
- the present invention relates to a manufacturing method and a method for manufacturing a group III nitride transistor.
- Non-Patent Document 1 describes an AlGaN / GaN high electron mobility transistor having a recessed gate structure.
- the epitaxial layer constituting AlGaN / GaN is formed on the (0001) plane sapphire substrate by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy.
- the epitaxial layer includes a 20 nm thick GaN nucleation layer, a 2.5 / im thick undoped GaN layer, and an AlGaN buffer.
- the flow rates of ammonia and triethylgallium are 5 liter / min and 69 ⁇ mol / min, respectively.
- the flow rates of ammonia, triethylgallium, and trimethylaluminum are 5 liter / min, 29.5 ⁇ mol / min, and 5.2 / i mol / min, respectively.
- Non-Patent Document 1 T. Egawa, et al. Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 78, No. l, pp.121-123, 3Jan. 2000
- III-nitride transistors such as high electron mobility transistors and field effect transistors.
- it is required to improve the quality of the channel layer and to increase the specific resistance of the buffer layer.
- methods to improve the quality of the channel layer and the specific resistance of the buffer layer have been investigated. Not specifically shown.
- the quality of the channel layer and the specific resistance of the buffer layer are related to the carbon concentration in these nitride-based semiconductor layers.
- the inventors' experiments have shown that the semiconductor can be grown by controlling the carbon concentration in the nitride-based semiconductor layer. By utilizing this, a transistor having a high-purity channel layer and a high-resistance buffer layer can be manufactured.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a high electron mobility transistor and a field effect transistor having a high-purity channel layer and a high-resistance buffer layer. It is another object of the present invention to provide an epitaxial substrate for manufacturing these transistors, and to provide a method for manufacturing the epitaxial substrate and a method for manufacturing a group III nitride transistor. It is aimed.
- a high electron mobility transistor includes: (a) a support base made of gallium nitride; and (b) a first gallium nitride semiconductor provided on the support base. (C) a channel layer provided on the buffer layer and made of a second gallium nitride semiconductor; and (d) provided on the buffer layer and provided with the second nitride.
- the carbon concentration of the first gallium nitride based semiconductor is 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 or more, and the carbon concentration of the second gallium nitride based semiconductor is less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the high electron mobility transistor since it is the first carbon concentration force of the gallium nitride-based semiconductor S4 X 10 17 cm 3 or more, a buffer layer of high resistivity is provided. Since the carbon concentration of the second gallium nitride semiconductor is less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 , a channel layer with a low impurity concentration is provided.
- a field effect transistor includes: (a) a supporting base made of gallium nitride; and (b) a first gallium nitride based semiconductor power provided on the supporting base. (C) a channel layer provided on the buffer layer and having a second gallium nitride-based semiconductor power; and (d) a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a source electrode provided on the channel layer.
- the carbon concentration of the first gallium nitride semiconductor is 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm 3 or more, and the carbon concentration of the second gallium nitride semiconductor is less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 . is there.
- the carbon concentration of the first gallium nitride semiconductor is 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 or more, a buffer layer having a high specific resistance is provided. Since the carbon concentration of the second gallium nitride semiconductor is less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm 3 , a channel layer with a low impurity concentration is provided.
- the epitaxial substrate includes: (a) a gallium nitride substrate; (b) a first semiconductor film provided on the gallium nitride substrate and having a first gallium nitride semiconductor power; and (c) the first semiconductor film.
- this epitaxial substrate includes the second semiconductor film with a low impurity concentration provided on the first semiconductor film with a high specific resistance, for example, a group III nitride-based transistor such as a field effect transistor Is suitable for.
- An epitaxial substrate according to the present invention comprises (d) a third gallium nitride semiconductor having a band gap larger than the band gap of the second gallium nitride semiconductor, and is provided on the first semiconductor film.
- the third semiconductor film is further provided.
- this epitaxial substrate includes the second semiconductor film having a low impurity concentration provided on the first semiconductor film having a high specific resistance, for example, an I-group nitride such as a high electron mobility transistor is used. Suitable for physical transistors.
- Still another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate for a group III nitride transistor.
- This method includes the steps of (a) growing a buffer layer made of a first gallium nitride-based semiconductor on a gallium nitride substrate using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy, and (b) metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. And a step of growing a channel layer made of a second gallium nitride based semiconductor on the buffer layer, and the flow rate of the organic gallium raw material for growing the channel layer is organic for growing the buffer layer. From the flow rate of gallium raw material The carbon concentration of the first gallium nitride semiconductor, which is smaller, is 4 ⁇ 10 17 or more, and the carbon concentration of the second gallium nitride semiconductor is less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 .
- a buffer is formed on the gallium nitride substrate using a production condition in which the flow rate of the organic gallium raw material for growing the channel layer is smaller than the flow rate of the organic gallium raw material for growing the buffer layer. Since the layer and the channel layer are grown, the semiconductor carbon concentration for the buffer layer can be 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm 3 or more, and the semiconductor carbon concentration for the channel layer can be less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm 3 .
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate for a group-III nitride transistor.
- This method includes (a) a step of growing a buffer layer made of a first gallium nitride semiconductor on a gallium nitride substrate using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy, and (b) metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. And a step of growing a channel layer made of a second gallium nitride-based semiconductor on the buffer layer, and a flow rate of a nitrogen source for growing the channel layer is used for growing the buffer layer.
- the carbon concentration of the first gallium nitride semiconductor which is larger than the flow rate of the nitrogen raw material, is 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm 3 or more, and the carbon concentration of the second gallium nitride semiconductor is less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm 3 . is there.
- the buffer layer and the gallium nitride substrate are formed on the gallium nitride substrate using a production condition in which the flow rate of the nitrogen raw material for growing the channel layer is larger than the flow rate of the nitrogen raw material for growing the buffer layer. Since the channel layer is grown, the semiconductor carbon concentration for the buffer layer can be 4 X 10 17 cm- 3 or higher, and the semiconductor carbon concentration for the channel layer can be lower than 4 X 10 16 cm- 3 .
- Yet another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of fabricating an epitaxial substrate for a group III nitride transistor.
- This method includes the steps of (a) growing a buffer layer made of a first gallium nitride-based semiconductor on a gallium nitride substrate using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy, and (b) metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. And a step of growing a channel layer made of a second gallium nitride-based semiconductor on the buffer layer, and the (V group raw material flow rate) / (V group raw material flow rate) in the growth of the channel layer is the buffer.
- the carbon concentration of the first gallium nitride semiconductor larger than (Group V material flow rate) / (Group III material flow rate) in the layer growth is 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm 3 or more, and the second gallium nitride system The carbon concentration of the semiconductor is less than 4 x 10 16 cm— 3 is there.
- (Group V material flow rate) / (Group III material flow rate) force in the growth of the channel layer is larger than (Group V material flow rate) / (Group III material flow rate) in the growth of the buffer layer. Since the buffer layer and the channel layer are grown on the gallium nitride substrate using the fabrication conditions, the carbon concentration of the semiconductor for the buffer layer can be increased to 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 or more, and the channel layer Semiconductor carbon concentration can be less than 4 X 10 16 cm 3 .
- Still another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate for a group III nitride transistor.
- This method includes the steps of (a) growing a buffer layer made of a first gallium nitride-based semiconductor on a gallium nitride substrate using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy, and (b) metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. And a step of growing a channel layer made of a second gallium nitride based semiconductor on the buffer layer, the growth temperature for the channel layer being larger than the growth temperature for the buffer layer.
- the carbon concentration of the first gallium nitride based semiconductor is 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm 3 or more, and the carbon concentration of the second gallium nitride based semiconductor is less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the buffer layer and the channel layer are grown on the gallium nitride substrate using a manufacturing condition in which the growth temperature for the channel layer is higher than the growth temperature for the buffer layer.
- the semiconductor carbon concentration for the layer can be greater than 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm 3 and the semiconductor carbon concentration for the channel layer can be less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm 3 .
- Still another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate for a group III nitride transistor.
- This method includes (a) a step of growing a first buffer layer made of a gallium nitride semiconductor on a gallium nitride substrate by using a low pressure metal organic vapor phase epitaxy method, and (b) a metal organic vapor phase epitaxy method.
- the first gallium nitride semiconductor has a carbon concentration of 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 or more
- the second gallium nitride semiconductor has a carbon concentration of less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm 3 .
- the buffer layer and the channel layer are formed on the gallium nitride substrate using a manufacturing condition in which the pressure during the growth of the channel layer is larger than the pressure for the growth of the buffer layer.
- the semiconductor carbon concentration for the buffer layer can be 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm— d or more, and the semiconductor carbon concentration for the channel layer can be less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm 3 .
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate for a group III nitride transistor.
- This method includes (a) a step of growing a buffer layer made of a first gallium nitride semiconductor on a gallium nitride substrate using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy, and (b) metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. And a step of growing a channel layer made of a second gallium nitride semiconductor on the buffer layer, wherein the growth rate of the first gallium nitride semiconductor is the second gallium nitride semiconductor.
- the carbon concentration of the first gallium nitride semiconductor is greater than or equal to 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm 3
- the carbon concentration of the second gallium nitride semiconductor is less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm 3. It is.
- a buffer layer and a channel are formed on a gallium nitride substrate using a production condition in which the growth rate of the first gallium nitride semiconductor is larger than the growth rate of the second gallium nitride semiconductor. since the growth of the layers, it is possible carbon concentration of the semiconductor for the buffer layer 4 X 10 17 cm 3 or more, the carbon concentration of the semiconductor for the channel layer to less than 4 X 10 1 6 cm- 3.
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate for a group III nitride transistor.
- This method includes (a) a step of growing a buffer layer made of a first gallium nitride semiconductor having a carbon concentration of 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm 3 or more on a gallium nitride substrate using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. (B) using a metal organic chemical vapor deposition method, and growing a channel layer made of a second gallium nitride semiconductor having a carbon concentration of less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm 3 on the buffer layer, In the growth of the buffer layer and the channel layer,
- the flow rate of the organic gallium raw material for growing the channel layer is smaller than the flow rate of the organic gallium raw material for growing the buffer layer.
- the flow rate of nitrogen material for growing the channel layer is larger than the flow rate of nitrogen material for growing the buffer layer
- the growth rate of the first gallium nitride semiconductor is higher than the growth rate of the second gallium nitride semiconductor.
- the buffer layer and the channel layer are grown on the gallium nitride substrate using the manufacturing conditions including at least one of the above (1) to (6).
- the semiconductor carbon concentration can be 4 x 10 17 cm- 3 or higher, and the semiconductor carbon concentration for the channel layer can be less than 4 x 10 16 cm 3 .
- an epitaxial substrate for a group III nitride transistor such as a field effect transistor is provided.
- the method according to still another aspect of the present invention further includes the step of (c) growing a layer made of a group III nitride semiconductor on the channel layer using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy.
- the band gap of the second gallium nitride semiconductor is smaller than the band gap of the group III nitride semiconductor.
- Still another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a group III nitride transistor.
- the method includes (a) manufacturing an epitaxial substrate for the group III nitride transistor described above. A step of producing an epitaxial substrate using any one of the methods described above, and (b) a step of forming an electrode for the group IV nitride transistor on the epitaxial substrate. According to this method, a transistor having a high-purity channel layer and a high-resistance buffer layer is manufactured.
- a high electron mobility transistor and a field effect transistor having a high-purity channel layer and a high-resistance buffer layer are provided, and for producing these transistors.
- An epitaxial substrate is provided, and further a method for fabricating the epitaxial substrate and a method for fabricating a group III nitride transistor are provided.
- FIG. 1 is a drawing showing a structure of a high electron mobility transistor according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a drawing showing a structure of a field effect transistor according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a drawing showing the results of an experiment relating to film formation according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 4A is a drawing for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate as a first example.
- FIG. 4B is a drawing for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate as a first example.
- FIG. 4C is a drawing for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate as a first example.
- FIG. 4D is a drawing for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate as a first example.
- FIG. 5A is a drawing for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate as a second example.
- FIG. 5B is a drawing for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxy substrate as a second example.
- FIG. 5C is a drawing for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate as a second example.
- FIG. 5D is a drawing for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate as a second example.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate as a third example.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate as a third example.
- FIG. 6C is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate as a third example.
- FIG. 6D is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxy substrate as a third example.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxy substrate as a fourth example.
- FIG. 7B is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxy substrate as a fourth example.
- FIG. 7C is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxy substrate as a fourth example.
- FIG. 7D is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxy substrate as a fourth example.
- FIG. 8A is a flow diagram for fabricating an MES field effect transistor.
- FIG. 8B is a flow chart for manufacturing a high electron mobility transistor. Explanation of symbols
- FIG. 1 is a drawing showing a structure of a high electron mobility transistor according to the present embodiment.
- the high electron mobility transistor 11 includes a support base 13 made of gallium nitride, a buffer layer 15 made of a first gallium nitride semiconductor, a channel layer 17 made of a second gallium nitride semiconductor, and a third nitride.
- a semiconductor layer 19 made of a gallium-based semiconductor and an electrode structure for the transistor 11 (gate electrode 21, source electrode 23, and drain electrode 25) are provided.
- the buffer layer 15 is provided on the support base 13.
- the channel layer 17 is provided on the buffer layer 15.
- the semiconductor layer 19 is provided on the buffer layer 17.
- Third nitriding The band gap of gallium semiconductor is larger than that of the second gallium nitride semiconductor.
- the gate electrode 21, the source electrode 23 and the drain electrode 25 are provided on the semiconductor layer 19.
- the carbon concentration N of the first gallium nitride semiconductor is 4X10 17 cm— 3 or more.
- the carbon concentration N of the second gallium nitride semiconductor is less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm 3 .
- the buffer layer 15 having a high specific resistance is provided.
- the carbon concentration of the second gallium nitride semiconductor N force S4X10 is low because it is less than 16 cm 3
- An impurity concentration channel layer 17 is provided.
- the high electron mobility transistor 11 will be further described.
- the two-dimensional electron gas 27 is formed in the channel layer 17 along the interface between the channel layer 17 and the semiconductor layer 19.
- the conduction of the two-dimensional electron gas 27 is controlled by the voltage applied to the gate electrode 21. By this control, the drain current flowing from the drain electrode 25 to the source electrode 23 is modulated.
- Carbon in gallium nitride is an impurity that acts as an acceptor-like, and has the ability to increase the resistance of the epitaxial layer by compensating the donor.
- donor impurities Si (silicon), ⁇ (oxygen) )
- Concentration approximately the first half of the 16th power
- a donor-related defect concentration are required. Therefore, the carbon concentration N of the first gallium nitride semiconductor is preferably 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 or more. Impurities in the epitaxial layer are
- the carbon concentration in the epitaxial layer used for the channel layer is preferably the same as or lower than that of other impurities. Therefore, the carbon concentration N of the second gallium nitride semiconductor is preferably 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 or less.
- Support base 13 Gallium nitride (Average dislocation density: 1 X 10 6 cm— 2 )
- Buffer layer 15 undoped GaN, thickness 3 xm
- Channel layer 17 undoped GaN, thickness lOOnm
- Semiconductor layer 19 undoped Al Ga N, thickness 30 nm
- Gate electrode 21 Schottky junction
- An Source electrode 23 and drain electrode 25 ohmic junction
- gallium nitride semiconductors are not limited to this, and various combinations of the first gallium nitride semiconductor, the second gallium nitride semiconductor, and the third gallium nitride semiconductor can be used.
- FIG. 2 shows a case where the gate is a MES type MES field effect transistor as an example of the structure of the field effect transistor according to the present embodiment.
- the MES field effect transistor 31 includes a support base 33 made of gallium nitride, a buffer layer 35 made of a first gallium nitride semiconductor, a channel layer 37 made of a second gallium nitride semiconductor, and the transistor Electrode structure (a gate electrode 41, a source electrode 43, and a drain electrode 45).
- the noffer layer 35 is provided on the support base 33.
- the channel layer 37 is provided on the buffer layer 35.
- the gate electrode 41, the source electrode 43 and the drain electrode 45 are provided on the channel layer 37.
- the carbon concentration N of the first gallium nitride semiconductor is 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm 3 or more.
- the carbon concentration N of the second gallium nitride semiconductor is 4 X
- the buffer layer 35 having a high specific resistance is provided.
- the carbon concentration of the second gallium nitride semiconductor is less than N force S4 X 10 16 cm- 3
- An impurity concentration channel layer 37 is provided.
- a depletion layer is formed in the channel layer 37 in accordance with the voltage applied to the gate electrode 41.
- the carrier flowing through the channel layer 37 is controlled by the voltage applied to the gate electrode 41. By this control, the drain current flowing from the drain electrode 45 to the source electrode 43 is modulated.
- MES Field Effect Field Effect Transistor 31 Examples include
- Support base 33 Gallium nitride (Average dislocation density: 1 X 10 6 cm— 2 )
- Buffer layer 35 undoped GaN, thickness 3 x m
- Channel layer 37 n-type GaN, thickness 500nm,
- Gate electrode 41 Schottky junction, Au
- Source electrode 43 and drain electrode 45 ohmic junction, Ti / Al
- gallium nitride semiconductors are not limited to this, and the first gallium nitride semiconductor and the second gallium nitride semiconductor can be variously combined.
- a lOOnm GaN channel layer is grown under conditions of a pressure of 27 kPa, a V / V ratio of 6800, a growth temperature of 1050 degrees Celsius, and a growth rate of 1. lz m / hour. After this, a 30 ⁇ m AlGaN layer is grown. Indium electrode formed on AlGaN layer
- the Hall measurement is performed using In Epitakisharu substrate using the GaN substrate, the electron mobility is 1970cm 2 / V 's, the sheet carrier concentration 1. a 2 X L_ ⁇ 13 cm- 2. On the other hand, in the epitaxial substrate using the Sap template, the electron mobility is 1590 cm 2 / V's, and the sheet carrier concentration is 1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 10 13 cm- 2 .
- an epitaxial substrate is manufactured under the following conditions (hereinafter referred to as Condition 2).
- An Sap template and a gallium nitride substrate are placed on the susceptor of the OMVPE reactor, and an epitaxial layer for a high electron mobility transistor is simultaneously grown thereon.
- a 3 zm GaN buffer layer was grown under the conditions of a pressure of 27 kPa, a V / III ratio of 2300, a growth temperature of 1050 degrees Celsius, a growth rate of 3.3 / im / hour, and an lOOnm GaN channel under the same conditions. Grow layers. After this, a 30 nm AlGaN layer is grown.
- Hole measurement is performed using an indium electrode formed on the N layer.
- the electron mobility is 1720 cm 2 / V ′s, and the sheet carrier concentration is 1.2 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 2 .
- the electron mobility is 1510 cm 2 / V ′s, and the sheet carrier concentration is 1.0 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 2 .
- the carbon concentration of the GaN buffer layer is substantially the same as the carbon concentration of the GaN channel layer.
- An experiment for examining the effect of buffer leak reduction will be described.
- An Sap template and a gallium nitride substrate are placed on the susceptor of the OMVPE reactor, and an epitaxial layer for the high electron mobility transistor 11 is simultaneously grown thereon.
- a 3 ⁇ m GaN buffer layer is grown under the conditions of reduced pressure lOkPa, VZm ratio 2300, growth temperature 1050 degrees Celsius, and growth rate 3.3 ⁇ mZ.
- a lOOnm GaN channel layer is grown under conditions of a pressure of 27 kPa, a V / V ratio of 6800, a growth temperature of 1050 degrees Celsius, and a growth rate of 1. l x mZ. Under this manufacturing condition, the carbon concentration of the buffer layer is larger than the carbon concentration of the channel layer, so that the specific resistance of the buffer layer is increased.
- a 30 nm AlGaN layer is grown.
- the A part of the AlGaN layer is etched to obtain a method similar to that for a high electron mobility transistor.
- a voltage is applied to the ohmic electrodes formed on the two mesas and the current is measured. This current corresponds to the leakage current of the high electron mobility transistor, and this value is 0. Oi l / i A / mm at an Inkaro voltage of 20 Bonore.
- a Sap template and a gallium nitride substrate were placed on the susceptor of the OMVPE furnace.
- an epitaxial layer for a high electron mobility transistor is grown on them.
- a 3 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ GaN buffer layer is grown under the conditions of a pressure of 50 kPa, a V / m ratio of 2300, a growth temperature of 1050 degrees Celsius, and a growth rate of 3.3 ⁇ m / hour.
- an OOnm GaN channel layer is grown under the conditions of a pressure of 27 kPa, a V / III ratio of 6800, a growth temperature of 1050 degrees Celsius, and a growth rate of 1.:1 z mZ. After this, a 30 nm AlGaN layer is grown. High electron
- this value is 35 ⁇ A / mm at an applied voltage of 20 volts.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the results of an experiment relating to film formation according to the present embodiment.
- a gallium nitride substrate and a sapphire template are placed on the susceptor in the reactor of the metal organic vapor phase epitaxy apparatus.
- gallium nitride is grown on gallium nitride substrates and Sap templates under various conditions.
- the Sap template consists of a gallium nitride low temperature buffer layer (25 nm at 500 degrees Celsius) grown on the (0001) surface of a sapphire substrate and a gallium nitride layer (1050 degrees Celsius) grown on this gallium nitride low temperature buffer layer. 3 ⁇ m) in degrees.
- the average dislocation density of the gallium nitride substrate is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 6 cm— 2
- the average dislocation density of the sapphire template gallium nitride film is, for example, l ⁇ 10 9 cm 2 .
- the gallium nitride substrate and the sapphire template are pretreated. In this pretreatment, hydrogen (H)
- the concentration characteristic line G shows the carbon concentration in the gallium nitride film grown on the gallium nitride substrate
- the concentration characteristic line S shows the carbon concentration in the gallium nitride film grown on the Sap template. Show. As shown in Figure 3, depending on the growth parameter changes, The change in carbon concentration in the gallium nitride film grown on the gallium nitride substrate is larger than the change in carbon concentration in the gallium nitride film grown on the Sap template.
- the gallium nitride layer L1 was fabricated under the conditions of a growth temperature of 1050 degrees Celsius, a V / V ratio of 2300, a growth rate of 3.3 / im / hour, and a growth pressure of 27 kPa.
- the gallium nitride layer L2 After raising the growth temperature to 1100 degrees Celsius, the gallium nitride layer L2 is formed. In other words, the gallium nitride layer L2 was fabricated under the conditions of a growth temperature of 1100 degrees Celsius, 2300 V / Illi: ⁇ , 3. Temple growth rate, and 27 kPa growth pressure. Comparing the gallium nitride layer L1 and the gallium nitride layer L2, the carbon concentration in the gallium nitride layer grown on the gallium nitride substrate decreases at high growth temperatures.
- the gallium nitride layer L3 is fabricated.
- the gallium nitride layer L3 was fabricated under the conditions of a growth temperature of 1000 degrees Celsius, a V / III ratio of 2300, a growth rate of 3. hours, and a growth pressure of 27 kPa. According to the comparison between the gallium nitride layer L2 and the gallium nitride layer L3, the carbon concentration in the gallium nitride layer grown on the gallium nitride substrate increases at a low growth temperature.
- the growth rate is decreased to 1.1 ⁇ m / hour, the temperature is increased to 1050 degrees Celsius, and the V / I II ratio is increased to 6800, and then the gallium nitride layer L4 is fabricated.
- the gallium nitride layer L4i was fabricated under the conditions of a growth temperature of 1050 degrees Celsius, a growth rate of 6800 V / III :, 1 ⁇ 1 / m / B temple, and a growth pressure of 27 kPa.
- the carbon concentration in the gallium nitride layer grown on the gallium nitride substrate decreases as the V / III ratio increases and the deposition rate decreases. Become.
- the V / III ratio is lowered to 3100.
- the gallium nitride layer L5 has a growth temperature of 1050 degrees Celsius, a VZm ratio of 3100, 3.
- the V / III ratio is further reduced to 1350.
- the Nitrogen gallium layer L6 has a growth temperature of 1050 degrees Celsius, 1350 V / IIU: ⁇ , 3.
- the growth pressure is reduced to lOkPa.
- the gallium nitride layer L6 was fabricated under the conditions of a growth temperature of 1050 degrees Celsius, a V / III ratio of 1350, a growth rate of 3 o'clock, and a growth pressure of lOkPa. According to the comparison between the gallium nitride layer L6 and the gallium nitride layer L7, the carbon concentration in the gallium nitride layer grown on the gallium nitride substrate increases as the growth pressure decreases.
- the growth pressure is increased to lOlkPa.
- the gallium nitride layer L6 was fabricated under the conditions of a growth temperature of 1050 degrees Celsius, a V / III ratio of 1350, a growth rate of 3 o'clock, and a growth pressure of lOlkPa. According to the comparison between the gallium nitride layer L6 and the gallium nitride layer L7, the carbon concentration in the gallium nitride layer grown on the gallium nitride substrate decreases as the growth pressure increases.
- the change in carbon concentration (about two digits) in the gallium nitride film grown on the gallium nitride substrate was grown on the Sap template. Larger than the change in carbon concentration in gallium nitride films (at most an order of magnitude).
- the carbon concentration in the gallium nitride film grown on the sap template does not change much with the change of the growth parameter, but the carbon concentration in the gallium nitride film grown on the gallium nitride substrate is the growth parameter. It changes greatly according to the change.
- FIG. 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D are diagrams for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxial substrate as a first example.
- a gallium nitride substrate 61 is prepared.
- the average dislocation density of the gallium nitride substrate 61 is IX 10 6 cm 2 or less.
- FIG. 4B after the gallium nitride substrate 61 is placed on the susceptor of the reaction furnace 63, the pretreatment is performed as described above.
- a source gas Gl TMG, NH, H
- a gallium nitride based semiconductor film for a nonopha layer for example,
- a gallium nitride epitaxial film 65 is grown under reduced pressure (P 2). Then, as shown in Figure 4C As shown, the source gas G2 (TMG, NH, H) is supplied to the reactor 63, and the channel layer
- a gallium nitride based semiconductor such as a gallium nitride epitaxial film 67 for atmospheric pressure (P
- the gallium nitride films for the buffer layer and the channel layer are fabricated at different pressures, so that these gallium nitride films 65, 67 have different carbon concentrations.
- Examples of main conditions and carbon concentration for producing these gallium nitride films 65 and 67 are as follows:
- Furnace pressure lOkPa lOlkPa
- Furnace temperature 1050 ° C 1050 ° C
- VZIII ratio 2300 2300
- the pressure range suitable for the growth of the gallium nitride film 65 27 kPa to: IkPa can be used, and as the pressure range suitable for the growth of the gallium nitride film 67, 10 lkPa to 27 kPa can be used. it can.
- the gallium nitride film 65 and the gallium nitride film are formed on the gallium nitride substrate using a manufacturing condition in which the pressure during the growth of the gallium nitride film 67 is larger than the pressure for the growth of the gallium nitride film 65. Since 67 is grown, the carbon concentration of the gallium nitride film 65 can be 4 ⁇ 10 17 or more, and the carbon concentration of the gallium nitride film 67 can be less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 .
- the epitaxial substrate E1 includes a gallium nitride substrate 61 and a first gallium nitride semiconductor film having a carbon concentration of 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 or more (in this embodiment, gallium nitride). Film 65) and a gallium nitride based semiconductor film having a carbon concentration of less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm 3 (gallium nitride film 67 in this embodiment).
- the source gas G3 (TMG, TMA1, NH, H) is supplied to the reactor 63.
- the epitaxial substrate E2 includes a gallium nitride substrate 61, a first gallium nitride-based semiconductor film (GaN film 65 in this embodiment) having a carbon concentration of 4 ⁇ 10 17 or more, and 4 ⁇ 10 16 A gallium nitride semiconductor film (GaN film 67 in this embodiment) having a carbon concentration of less than that, and a gallium nitride semiconductor film (AlGaN film 69 in this embodiment).
- FIG. 5A, FIG. 5B, FIG. 5C and FIG. 5D are drawings for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxy substrate as a second example.
- a gallium nitride substrate 61 is prepared.
- the gallium nitride substrate 61 is pretreated in the reactor 63 as already described.
- feed gas G4 (TMG, NH, H) is supplied to the reactor 63 and the
- a gallium nitride based semiconductor film for the layer for example, a gallium nitride epitaxial film 71, is grown at a temperature T1. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5C, source gas G5 (TMG, NH,
- H is supplied to the reactor 63 and a gallium nitride based semiconductor for the channel layer, for example,
- a gallium oxide epitaxial film 73 is grown at a temperature T2 lower than the temperature T1.
- the gallium nitride films for the buffer layer and the channel layer are produced at different temperatures, the gallium nitride films 71 and 73 have different carbon concentrations.
- Examples of the main conditions and carbon concentration for producing these gallium nitride films 71 and 73 are as follows:
- Gallium nitride film 71 Gallium nitride film 73
- Furnace temperature 1000 ° C 1 100 ° C
- VZIII ratio 2300 2300
- a temperature range suitable for the growth of the gallium nitride film 71 can be 950 ° C. to 1050 ° C., and a temperature range suitable for the growth of the gallium nitride film 73 is 1050 ° C. : 1 1 50 ° C can be used.
- the epitaxial substrate E3 provided by this manufacturing method includes a gallium nitride substrate 61, a gallium nitride film 71, and a gallium nitride film 73.
- the growth temperature for the gallium nitride film 73 is higher than the temperature because of the growth of the gallium nitride film 71, and the gallium nitride film 71 and the nitride are formed on the gallium nitride substrate 61. Since the gallium film 73 is grown, the carbon concentration of the gallium nitride film 71 can be made 4 ⁇ 10 17 or more, and the carbon concentration of the gallium nitride film 73 can be made less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 .
- the source gas G6 (TMG, TMA1, NH, H) is supplied to the reactor 63 as shown in FIG.
- An epitaxial substrate E4 obtained by this manufacturing method includes a gallium nitride substrate 61, a GaN film 71, a GaN film 73, and an AlGaN film 75.
- FIG. 6A, FIG. 6B, FIG. 6C and FIG. 6D are drawings for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxy substrate as a third example.
- a gallium nitride substrate 61 is prepared.
- the gallium nitride substrate 61 is pretreated in the reactor 63 as already described.
- feed gas G7 TMG, NH, H
- FIG. 6B feed gas G7 (TMG, NH, H) is supplied to the reactor 63, and
- a gallium nitride based semiconductor film for the layer for example, a gallium nitride epitaxial film 77, is grown at a V / III ratio R1.
- a source gas G8 TMG, NH, H
- a gallium nitride semiconductor for the channel layer for example,
- a gallium nitride epitaxial film 79 is grown with a V / III ratio R2 smaller than the V / III ratio R1.
- the carbon concentrations of these gallium nitride films 77 and 79 are different from each other.
- Examples of the main conditions and carbon concentration for producing these gallium nitride films 77 and 79 are as follows:
- Gallium nitride film 77 Gallium nitride film 79
- Furnace temperature 1050 ° C 1050 ° C
- the range of V / III ratio suitable for the growth of the gallium nitride film 77 can be 2000 to 100, and the range of VZm ratio suitable for the growth rate of the gallium nitride film 79 is 1000 to: 10000 can be used.
- the epitaxial substrate 5 provided by this manufacturing method includes a gallium nitride substrate 61, a gallium nitride film 77, and a gallium nitride film 79.
- the gallium nitride film 77 and the VZm ratio R2 for the gallium nitride film 79 are formed on the gallium nitride substrate using a manufacturing condition that is smaller than the VZm ratio R2 for the growth of the gallium nitride film 77. Since the gallium nitride film 79 is grown, the carbon concentration of the gallium nitride film 77 can be made 4 ⁇ 10 17 or more, and the carbon concentration of the gallium nitride film 79 can be made less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 .
- the epitaxial substrate E6 obtained by this manufacturing method includes a gallium nitride substrate 61, a GaN film 77, a GaN film 79, and an AlGaN film 81.
- the flow rates of both the raw material and the nitrogen raw material can be changed.
- FIG. 7A, FIG. 7B, FIG. 7C, and FIG. 7D are drawings for explaining a method of manufacturing an epitaxy substrate as a fourth example.
- a gallium nitride substrate 61 is prepared.
- the gallium nitride substrate 61 is pretreated in the reactor 63 as already described.
- the source gas G10 TMG, NH, H
- the reactor 63 the source gas supplied to the reactor 63, and the
- a gallium nitride based semiconductor film for the layer for example, a gallium nitride epitaxial film 83, is grown at a deposition rate GR1. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7C, the source gas Gi l (TMG , NH, H) is supplied to the reactor 63 and a gallium nitride based semiconductor for the channel layer, eg
- a gallium nitride epitaxial film 85 is grown at a deposition rate GR2 that is greater than the deposition rate GR1.
- the gallium nitride films 83 and 85 have different carbon concentrations.
- Examples of the main conditions and carbon concentration for producing these gallium nitride films 83 and 85 are as follows:
- Gallium nitride film 83 Gallium nitride film 85
- Furnace temperature 1050 ° C 1050.
- the epitaxial substrate E7 provided by this manufacturing method includes a gallium nitride substrate 61, a gallium nitride film 83, and a gallium nitride film 85.
- the gallium nitride film is formed on the gallium nitride substrate using the production conditions in which the deposition rate GR1 for the gallium nitride film 83 is larger than the deposition rate GR2 for the growth of the gallium nitride film 85. Since the growth of 83 and GaN film 85, it is possible to-carbon concentration of the gallium nitride film 83 to 4 X 10 17 cm- 3 or more, the carbon concentration of the gallium nitride film 85 4 X below 10 1 6 cm- 3 it can.
- an epitaxial substrate E8 for a group III nitride transistor such as a high electron mobility transistor will be described.
- the source gas G12 TMG, TMA1, NH, H is added to the reactor 63.
- the epitaxial substrate E8 obtained by this manufacturing method is a gallium nitride substrate.
- the epitaxial substrates E1 to E8 include the second gallium nitride semiconductor film having a low impurity concentration provided on the first gallium nitride semiconductor film having a high specific resistance, for example, field effect transistors and Suitable for III-nitride transistors such as high electron mobility transistors.
- a gallium nitride-based film having a high carbon concentration for the buffer layer and a gallium nitride-based film having a low carbon concentration for the channel layer are manufactured using a gallium nitride substrate. Can also be obtained by combining the methods of the examples already described.
- the flow rate of the organic gallium raw material for growing the channel layer is smaller than the flow rate of the organic gallium raw material for growing the buffer layer.
- the flow rate of the nitrogen raw material for growing the channel layer is larger than the flow rate of the nitrogen raw material for growing the buffer layer.
- the v / m ratio in the growth of the channel layer is larger than the v / m ratio in the growth of the buffer layer.
- the growth temperature of the channel layer is higher than the growth temperature of the buffer layer.
- the pressure during the growth of the channel layer is greater than the pressure due to the growth of the buffer layer.
- the growth rate of the first gallium nitride semiconductor is larger than the growth rate of the second gallium nitride semiconductor.
- Furnace pressure 27kPa lOlkPa
- Furnace temperature 1050 ° C 1050 ° C
- Another example of the main conditions and carbon concentration for the fabrication of gallium nitride films is the buffer GaN film channel GaN film
- Furnace pressure 27kPa lOlkPa
- FIG. 8A is a flow diagram for fabricating a field effect transistor.
- a buffer layer made of a first gallium nitride semiconductor having a carbon concentration of 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 or more is grown on a gallium nitride substrate by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy.
- a channel layer made of a second gallium nitride-based semiconductor having a carbon concentration of less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 is grown on the buffer layer using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy.
- Step S3 includes forming an electrode structure (gate electrode, source electrode, drain electrode) for the MES field effect transistor on the channel layer. According to this method, a transistor having a high-purity channel layer and a high-resistance buffer layer is manufactured.
- FIG. 8B is a flow chart for manufacturing a high electron mobility transistor.
- a buffer layer made of a first gallium nitride semiconductor having a carbon concentration of 4 ⁇ 10 17 cm 3 or more is grown on a gallium nitride substrate using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy.
- a channel layer made of a second gallium nitride-based semiconductor having a carbon concentration of less than 4 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 is grown on the buffer layer using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy.
- a barrier layer made of a third gallium nitride based semiconductor is grown on the channel layer using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy.
- Step S7 includes forming an electrode structure (gate electrode, source electrode, drain electrode) for the high electron mobility transistor on the channel layer. According to this method, having a high-purity channel layer and a high-resistance buffer layer Both transistors having a rear layer are manufactured.
- Furnace temperature 1050 ° C 1050 ° C 1050.
- VZIII ratio 1200 6800
- the flow rate of the barium organic source gas such as TMG and TMA is changed, while other pressure, temperature, The ammonia flow rate and carrier flow rate are not changed.
- gallium nitride is grown on a sapphire substrate or SiC substrate using various growth conditions (growth temperature, growth pressure, growth rate, v / m ratio, etc.), the growth is still possible.
- the impurity concentration (for example, carbon) of the deposited gallium nitride stack cannot be changed greatly.
- an epitaxial film is fabricated using a GaN substrate with very few dislocations, the controllability of impurities in the film can be greatly improved.
- the carbon concentration changes by more than two orders of magnitude in response to changes in growth conditions.
- an epitaxial film having characteristics (specific resistance and mobility) suitable for the buffer layer and the channel layer can be provided.
- a semiconductor stack in which the buffer layer has high resistance and the channel layer has high purity can be manufactured.
Abstract
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US11/571,156 US7749828B2 (en) | 2005-05-26 | 2006-03-03 | Method of manufacturing group III Nitride Transistor |
CA002570558A CA2570558A1 (en) | 2005-05-26 | 2006-03-03 | High electron mobility transistor, field-effect transistor, epitaxial substrate, method of manufacturing epitaxial substrate, and method of manufacturing group iii nitride transistor |
EP06728605A EP1777737A4 (en) | 2005-05-26 | 2006-03-03 | HIGH ELECTRON MOBILITY TRANSISTOR, FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR, EPITAXIAL SUBSTRATE, METHOD OF MAKING THE EPITAXIAL SUBSTRATE, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A GROUP III NITRIDE TRANSISTOR |
CN2006800003836A CN1977366B (zh) | 2005-05-26 | 2006-03-03 | 高电子迁移率晶体管、场效应晶体管、外延衬底、制造外延衬底的方法以及制造ⅲ族氮化物晶体管的方法 |
US12/786,440 US7884393B2 (en) | 2005-05-26 | 2010-05-25 | High electron mobility transistor, field-effect transistor, and epitaxial substrate |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1777737A1 (en) | 2007-04-25 |
CN1977366B (zh) | 2010-10-13 |
TW200705659A (en) | 2007-02-01 |
JP4792814B2 (ja) | 2011-10-12 |
TWI380443B (ja) | 2012-12-21 |
US20100230723A1 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
US7884393B2 (en) | 2011-02-08 |
JP2006332367A (ja) | 2006-12-07 |
CN1977366A (zh) | 2007-06-06 |
US7749828B2 (en) | 2010-07-06 |
CA2570558A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
EP1777737A4 (en) | 2009-07-22 |
KR20080011264A (ko) | 2008-02-01 |
US20090189190A1 (en) | 2009-07-30 |
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