WO2005024521A1 - 電子写真感光体 - Google Patents
電子写真感光体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005024521A1 WO2005024521A1 PCT/JP2004/012915 JP2004012915W WO2005024521A1 WO 2005024521 A1 WO2005024521 A1 WO 2005024521A1 JP 2004012915 W JP2004012915 W JP 2004012915W WO 2005024521 A1 WO2005024521 A1 WO 2005024521A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0664—Dyes
- G03G5/0666—Dyes containing a methine or polymethine group
- G03G5/0672—Dyes containing a methine or polymethine group containing two or more methine or polymethine groups
- G03G5/0674—Dyes containing a methine or polymethine group containing two or more methine or polymethine groups containing hetero rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/19—Hydroxy compounds containing aromatic rings
- C08G63/193—Hydroxy compounds containing aromatic rings containing two or more aromatic rings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
- G03G5/0557—Macromolecular bonding materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsatured bonds
- G03G5/056—Polyesters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
- G03G5/0592—Macromolecular compounds characterised by their structure or by their chemical properties, e.g. block polymers, reticulated polymers, molecular weight, acidity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
- G03G5/0596—Macromolecular compounds characterised by their physical properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0601—Acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
- G03G5/0612—Acyclic or carbocyclic compounds containing nitrogen
- G03G5/0614—Amines
- G03G5/06142—Amines arylamine
- G03G5/06144—Amines arylamine diamine
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0601—Acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
- G03G5/0612—Acyclic or carbocyclic compounds containing nitrogen
- G03G5/0614—Amines
- G03G5/06142—Amines arylamine
- G03G5/06147—Amines arylamine alkenylarylamine
- G03G5/061473—Amines arylamine alkenylarylamine plural alkenyl groups linked directly to the same aryl group
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0664—Dyes
- G03G5/0666—Dyes containing a methine or polymethine group
- G03G5/0672—Dyes containing a methine or polymethine group containing two or more methine or polymethine groups
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrophotographic photosensitive member.
- electrophotographic photosensitive resin containing resin for electrophotographic photoreceptor that is excellent in abrasion resistance, surface slipperiness, solubility during preparation of coating liquid and storage stability of coating liquid, and has good electrical responsiveness It is about the body.
- Electrophotographic technology is widely used in copiers, various printers, and other fields because of its immediacy and high-quality images.
- a photoreceptor which is a core of the electrophotographic technology a photoreceptor using an organic photoconductive material having advantages such as being non-polluting, easy to form a film, and easy to manufacture is used.
- a photoreceptor using an organic photoconductive material a so-called dispersion type photoreceptor in which photoconductive fine powder is dispersed in a binder resin, and a laminated type photoreceptor in which a charge generation layer and a charge transfer layer are laminated. are known.
- the multi-layered photoreceptor provides a highly sensitive photoreceptor by combining a highly efficient charge-generating substance and a charge-transfer substance, and provides a highly safe photoreceptor with a wide selection of materials. It is a mainstream photoreceptor because it can be easily formed by coating and has high productivity and is advantageous in terms of cost, and has been extensively developed and put into practical use.
- the electrophotographic photoreceptor is repeatedly used in an electrophotographic process, that is, in a cycle of charging, exposure, development, transfer, cleaning, static elimination, and the like. Such deterioration includes, for example, strong oxidizing ozone and NOx generated from a corona charger commonly used as a charger, causing chemical damage to the photosensitive layer, and a carrier generated by image exposure.
- the photosensitive layer receives such a load.
- the photosensitive layer is usually composed of a binder resin and a photoconductive substance, and the binder is the resin that substantially determines the strength.
- the photoconductive substance has a considerable amount of doping, it has sufficient mechanical strength. Has not been reached.
- the photoreceptor must have high sensitivity and long life, and also have good responsiveness because the time from exposure to development is short. It is known that the responsivity of the photoreceptor is governed by the charge transfer layer, especially the charge transfer material, but varies greatly depending on the binder resin.
- Each layer constituting these electrophotographic photoreceptors is usually formed by dip coating, spray coating, nozzle coating, bar coating, coating a coating solution containing a photoconductive substance, binder resin, etc. on a support. It is formed by coating by roll coating, blade coating or the like.
- a known method such as coating is applied as a coating liquid obtained by dissolving a substance to be contained in a layer in a solvent.
- a coating solution is prepared in advance and stored. For this reason, the binder resin needs to have excellent solubility in the solvent used in the coating process and also to have stability of the coating solution after dissolution.
- binder resin for the photosensitive layer examples include thermoplastic resins such as pinyl polymers such as polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride, or copolymers thereof, polycarbonate, polyester, polysulfone, phenoxy, epoxy, and silicone resins.
- thermoplastic resins such as pinyl polymers such as polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride, or copolymers thereof, polycarbonate, polyester, polysulfone, phenoxy, epoxy, and silicone resins.
- Various thermosetting resins have been used.
- polycarbonate resins have relatively excellent performance, and various polycarbonate resins have been developed and put to practical use (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-98333).
- No. 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-71057, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-184,511, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-214778).
- An object of the present invention is to provide a coating solution for forming a photosensitive layer that has high stability, excellent electrical properties, and high mechanical strength, such as toner development, friction with paper, and friction with a cleaning member (blade). It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor in which the surface is hardly abraded or easily damaged by the above load.
- the present inventors By including a specific polyester resin in the photosensitive layer, the present inventors have sufficient mechanical properties, high solubility in the solvent used for the coating solution for forming the photosensitive layer, and excellent stability of the coating solution. The present inventors have found that a photoconductor having excellent electrical characteristics can be obtained.
- the gist of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer on a conductive substrate, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises a divalent phenol residue represented by the following formula (1) and a divalent phenol residue represented by the following formula (2):
- Ri to R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and R 5 represents an alkyl group.
- the stability of the coating solution for forming the photosensitive layer is high, the electrical properties are excellent, and the mechanical strength is high. It is possible to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor whose surface is hardly worn or scratched by practical loads such as development due to friction, friction with paper, and friction due to a cleaning member (blade).
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a main configuration of an embodiment of an image forming apparatus provided with the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention. Explanation of symbols
- the photosensitive layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention has a repeating ester structure comprising a divalent phenol residue represented by the following formula (1) and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid residue represented by the following formula (2). Contains polyester resin.
- Ri to R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and R 5 represents an alkyl group.
- the photosensitive layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention contains the polyester resin, and the resin is used as a binder resin in the photosensitive layer provided on the conductive support of the photosensitive member.
- a laminated photoreceptor in which a charge generation layer mainly composed of a charge generation substance, a charge transport substance and a charge transport layer mainly composed of a binder resin are laminated on a conductive support in this order;
- An inverted double-layer photoreceptor in which a charge transporting layer mainly composed of a charge transporting substance and a binder resin, and a charge generating layer mainly containing a charge generating substance are laminated in this order on a conductive support;
- a dispersion type (single-layer type) photoreceptor in which a charge generation substance is dispersed in a layer containing a charge transport substance and a binder on a conductive support.
- the polyester resin usually contains a charge transport material. It is used for a layer containing, preferably for a charge transport layer of a laminated photosensitive layer.
- the polyester resin according to the present invention can be used in an electrophotographic photoreceptor by mixing with another resin.
- Other resins used in combination here include vinyl polymers such as polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride, or copolymers thereof, polyacrylonitrile, polyester, polyesterpolyanilate, polysulfone, and phenoxy.
- thermoplastic resins such as epoxy resin and silicone resin, and various thermosetting resins.
- a polycarbonate resin or a polyester resin is preferred.
- the amount of the other resin used in combination may be in any ratio, but is preferably not more than the amount of the polyester resin according to the present invention in the layer containing the polyester resin according to the present invention, More preferably, the content is 20% by weight or less based on the polyester resin according to the present invention. If the amount of the other resin used in combination is too large, the effect of the polyester resin of the present invention is undesirably reduced.
- the photosensitive layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention contains a polyester resin having a repeating ester structure composed of a residue represented by the formula (1) and a residue represented by the formula (2).
- the polyester resin may be a copolymer with a repeating structure of another resin usable for the electrophotographic photosensitive member.
- a repeating structure of a polycarbonate resin or a repeating structure of a polyester resin is exemplified. More specifically, it may be a polyester polycarbonate resin which is a copolymer with a repeating structure of a polyester resin, or a repeating structure of another polyester resin different from that of the polyester resin of the present invention. May be used.
- a polyester resin copolymer is preferred.
- a copolymer with a repeating structure having an aromatic dicarboxylic acid residue which is the same as that of the polyester resin according to the present invention, is preferable.
- the polyester resin according to the present invention is a copolymer of a polyester resin
- a repeating ester structure composed of a residue represented by the formula (1) and a residue represented by the formula (2) is It is preferably at least 10% by weight, more preferably at least 20% by weight, particularly preferably at least 30% by weight of the entire polyester resin.
- Ri ⁇ R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group independently
- R 5 represents an alkyl Le group.
- the number of carbon atoms of these alkyl groups is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms. This is to improve the properties as a binder resin for binding the photosensitive layer.
- Ri to R4 is preferably an alkyl group, more preferably Ri and are each independently an alkyl group, and particularly preferably Ri and R3 are each independently a methyl group. This is to improve the solubility in the photosensitive layer forming coating solution.
- Ri to R4 is preferably a hydrogen atom, and particularly preferably, R2 and R4 are hydrogen atoms. This is to increase the mechanical properties, especially the wear resistance.
- Specific examples of the divalent phenol component giving the divalent phenol residue represented by the formula (1) include 1,1-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane,
- 1,1-bis_ (4-hydroxy-3-propylphenyl) propane 1,1-bis_ (4-hydroxy-3,5-dipropylphenyl) propane, 1-1 (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1 -(4-hydroxy-1-3-propylphenyl) propane,
- 1,1-bis- (4-hydroxy-3-t-butylphenyl) propane 1,1-bis- (4-hydroxy-13,5-di-t-butylmethylphenyl) propane, 1- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ) _ 1-(4-hydroxy-l-tert-butylphenyl) propane; and the like, preferably 1,1-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane,
- the repeating ester structure of the polyester resin used in the present invention has an aromatic dicarboxylic acid residue represented by the formula (2), and among them, a terephthaloyl residue or an isophthaloyl residue is preferable.
- the polyester resin may be a copolymer having a repeating structure having a terephthaloyl residue and a repeating structure having an isophthaloyl residue.
- aromatic dicarboxylic acid corresponding to the terephthaloyl residue and the isophthaloyl residue a terephthalic acid derivative and an isophthalic acid derivative are used. More specifically, for example, terephthalic acid octylide and isophthalic acid chloride are used. In particular, terephthalic acid chloride and isophthalic acid chloride are preferably used. Also, a mixture of these may be used.
- the molar ratio of the repeating structure having a terephthaloyl group and the repeating structure having an isophthaloyl group is determined based on the sum of the repeating structure having a terephthaloyl group and the repeating structure having an isophthaloyl group.
- the proportion of the structure having a loyl group is usually 1% by weight or more and 100% by weight or less, preferably 50% by weight or more, particularly preferably 90% by weight or more, and more preferably the total amount of the terephthalyl group. It is a repeating structure consisting of This is because if the ratio of the structure having a terephthaloyl group is small, the electrical characteristics of the photoreceptor are reduced, and the mechanical characteristics are deteriorated.
- the polyester resin according to the present invention may be a polyester resin of a copolymer with another repeating structure.
- the divalent phenol residue represented by the formula (1) is used.
- the molar ratio of [the repeating ester structure composed of the residue represented by the formula (3) and the residue represented by the formula (2)] is [the residue represented by the formula (1) and the formula (1) 2) the sum of the repeating ester structure consisting of the residue represented by the formula (3) and the repeating ester structure consisting of the residue represented by the formula (2)]
- [Repeated ester structure consisting of the residue represented by the formula (1) and the residue represented by the formula (2)] is usually 10% or more, preferably 20% or more, particularly preferably 50% or more, It is usually adjusted to 90% or less, preferably 80% or less, particularly preferably 70% or less.
- the solubility in a solvent will be poor, and if the molar ratio is too large, the mechanical properties of the photoreceptor will be poor. This is because the characteristics are deteriorated.
- the polyester resin according to the present invention comprises at least two kinds of repeating ester structures selected from the group consisting of these divalent phenol residues and the aromatic dicarboxylic acid residues represented by the formula (2). It is particularly preferred that the compound has a repeating ester structure. Further, those containing a repeating ester structure comprising at least the residue represented by the formula (4) and the residue represented by the formula (2) are preferable.
- divalent phenol component corresponding to the divalent phenol residue represented by the formulas (4), (5) and (6) specifically, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane [hereinafter, p , P'-BPF], (2-hydroxyphenyl) (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane [hereinafter sometimes referred to as o, p'-BPF] and bis (2-hydroxyphenyl) Methane [hereinafter sometimes referred to as ⁇ , ⁇ 'one BPF].
- the molar ratio of the repeating structure consisting of the residue represented by the formula (1) and the residue represented by the formula (2) is m
- the residue represented by the formula (4) is represented by the formula (2)
- the molar ratio of the repeating structure consisting of residues is n
- the molar ratio of the repeating structure consisting of the residue represented by formula (5) and the residue represented by formula (2) is o
- the mole ratio is represented by formula (6).
- mZ (m + n + o + p) is usually 0.1 or more, preferably 0.3 or more, and usually 9 or less, preferably 0.7 or less.
- nZ (m + n + o + p) is usually at least 0.01, preferably at least 0.1, and usually at most 0.4, preferably at most 0.3.
- oZ (m + n + o + p) is usually 0.6 or less, preferably 0.5 or less, and pZ (m + n + o + p) is usually 0.3 or less, preferably 0 .2 or less. And (m + n) :( o + p) is usually in the range of 3: 7-95: 5, but is more preferably in the range of 5: 5 to 9: 1.
- the molar ratio of the repeating ester structure composed of the residue represented by the formula (1) and the residue represented by the formula (2) is too large, the mechanical properties are degraded, which is not preferable or too small.
- the solubility in an organic solvent ordinarily used in a coating solution for forming a photosensitive layer and the stability of the coating solution are deteriorated, which is not preferable.
- the organic solvent used in a coating solution for forming a photosensitive layer may not be used. It is not preferable because the solubility and the stability of the coating solution are deteriorated.
- the mechanical properties of the photoreceptor deteriorate, which is not preferable. It consists of a residue represented by the formula (5) and a residue represented by the formula (2) If the molar ratio of the repeating ester structure is too large, the reactivity at the time of polymerizing the resin decreases, and it is difficult to control the molecular weight, or it is difficult to obtain a high molecular weight compound. If the molar ratio of the repeating ester structure composed of the residue represented by the formula (2) and the residue represented by the formula (2) is too large, the mechanical properties of the photoreceptor, particularly the abrasion resistance, are undesirably reduced.
- a known polymerization method can be used as a method for producing the resin for an electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention.
- a known polymerization method can be used.
- an interfacial polymerization method, a melt polymerization method, a solution polymerization method and the like can be mentioned.
- a solution in which a divalent phenol component is dissolved in an alkaline aqueous solution and a solution of hydrogen octogenated carbon dioxide in which an aromatic dicarboxylic acid chloride component is dissolved are mixed.
- a quaternary ammonium salt or a quaternary phosphonium salt can be used as a catalyst.
- the polymerization temperature is preferably in the range of 0 to 40 ° C, and the polymerization time is preferably in the range of 2 to 12 hours from the viewpoint of productivity.
- alkali component used here examples include hydroxides of alkali metals such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
- the amount of the alkali used is preferably in the range of 1.01 to 3 equivalents of the phenolic hydroxyl group contained in the reaction system.
- examples of the halogenated hydrocarbon used here include dichloromethane, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, and dichlorobenzene.
- Examples of the quaternary ammonium salt or quaternary phosphonium salt used as a catalyst include salts of tertiary alkylamines such as triptylamine and trioctylamine, such as hydrochloric acid, bromic acid and iodic acid, benzyltriethylammonium chloride, and benzyl.
- Trimethylammonium chloride Trimethylammonium chloride, benzyltriptylammonium chloride, tetraethylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium bromide, trioctylmethylammonium chloride, tetrabutylphosphonium Bromide, triethyl octadecyl phosphonium bromide, N-lauryl pyridinium chloride, lauryl picolinium chloride and the like.
- 2-methylphenol derivatives are preferred because of their high molecular weight regulating ability.
- Specific examples of the 2-methylphenol derivative include o-resole, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,3,5-trimethylphenol, 2,4,5-trimethylphenol, 2,3,4,5 —Tetramethylphenol, 2,5-dimethyl-1-41-t-butylphenol, 2,5-Dimethyl-4-nonylphenol, 2,5-dimethyl-4-acetylphenol, ⁇ -tocopherol, etc. are fried. Of these, 2,3,5-trimethylphenol is preferred in view of the solution stability of the produced polymer.
- the polyester resin having a repeating structure composed of a residue represented by the formula (1) and a residue represented by the formula (2), which is included in the photosensitive layer according to the present invention the above-described molecular weight modifier, etc.
- the group present at the terminal of the molecular chain is not included in the repeating unit.
- the polyester resin having a repeating structure composed of a residue represented by the formula (1) and a residue represented by the formula (2), which is included in the photosensitive layer of the present invention has a viscosity average molecular weight of usually 10 0 000 or more, preferably 15 000 or more, more preferably 20 000 or more, usually 300 000 or less, preferably 100 000 or less, More preferably, it is 50,000 or less.
- a viscosity average molecular weight is usually 10 0 000 or more, preferably 15 000 or more, more preferably 20 000 or more, usually 300 000 or less, preferably 100 000 or less, More preferably, it is 50,000 or less.
- the viscosity average molecular weight is less than 100, 000, the mechanical strength of the resin is lowered and is not practical, and when the viscosity average molecular weight is more than 300, 000, it is difficult to apply an appropriate film thickness. is there.
- the resin of the present invention described above is used for an electrophotographic photosensitive member, and is used as a binder resin in a photosensitive layer provided on a conductive support of the photosensitive member.
- a metal material such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, copper, and nickel, or a resin material to which a conductive powder is added by adding a conductive powder such as metal, copper, tin oxide, or the like is used.
- Resin, glass, paper, etc., on which a conductive material such as aluminum, nickel, and copper (indium-tin oxide) is deposited or applied, are mainly used. Examples of the form include a drum shape, a sheet shape, and a belt shape.
- a conductive material having an appropriate resistance value may be applied on a conductive support made of a metal material to control conductivity and surface properties and to cover defects.
- a metal material such as an aluminum alloy is used as the conductive support, it may be used after anodizing treatment, chemical conversion treatment, or the like. When anodizing is performed, it is sealed by a known method. It is desirable to perform L processing.
- an anodized film is formed by anodizing in an acid bath such as chromic acid, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid, boric acid, and sulfamic acid.
- an acid bath such as chromic acid, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid, boric acid, and sulfamic acid.
- the sulfuric acid concentration is 100 to 300 gZl
- the dissolved aluminum concentration is 2 to 15 g / 1
- the liquid temperature is 15 to 30
- the electrolysis voltage is 10 ⁇ 2 0 V
- the current density is in the range of 0. 5 ⁇ 2 AZdm 2 but not shall be limited to the condition.
- the sealing treatment may be performed by a known method.
- a low-temperature sealing treatment in which the film is immersed in an aqueous solution containing nickel fluoride as a main component, or an immersion in an aqueous solution containing nickel acetate as a main component
- a high-temperature sealing treatment is performed.
- the concentration of the aqueous solution of nickel fluoride used in the case of the low-temperature sealing treatment can be appropriately selected, but a more preferable result is obtained when used in the range of 3 to 6 gZl.
- the processing temperature is 25 to 40 ° C., preferably 30 to 35 ° C.
- the nickel fluoride aqueous solution pH should be treated in the range of 4.5 to 6.5, preferably 5.5 to 6.0.
- As the pH regulator oxalic acid, boric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, 7] sodium oxide, sodium acetate, aqueous ammonia and the like can be used.
- the treatment time is preferably in the range of 1 to 3 minutes per 1 m of the film thickness.
- cobalt fluoride, acetic acid acetate, nickel sulfate, a surfactant and the like may be added to the aqueous nickel fluoride solution. Then, it is washed with water and dried to complete the low-temperature sealing treatment.
- Nickel acetate, cobalt acetate, lead acetate, and nickel acetate are used as sealing agents in the case of the high-temperature sealing treatment.
- an aqueous solution of a metal salt such as kerucobalt or parium nitrate can be used, it is particularly preferable to use nickel acetate.
- the concentration is preferably in the range of 5 to 20 g / 1.
- the processing temperature is from 80 to 100, preferably from 90 to 98C.
- the pH of the aqueous nickel acetate solution is treated in the range of 5.0 to 6.0.
- ammonia water, sodium acetate and the like can be used as the pH regulator.
- the processing time is preferably at least 10 minutes, more preferably at least 20 minutes.
- sodium acetate, organic carboxylic acid, anionic or nonionic surfactant may be added to the nickel acetate aqueous solution in order to improve the physical properties of the film.
- the average thickness of the anodized film is usually 20 m or less, particularly 7 or less.
- the surface of the support may be smooth, or may be roughened by using a special cutting method or performing a polishing treatment. Further, the support may be roughened by mixing particles having an appropriate particle diameter with the material constituting the support.
- An undercoat layer may be provided between the conductive support and the photosensitive layer in order to improve adhesion and blocking properties.
- a resin, a material in which particles of a metal oxide or the like are dispersed in the resin, or the like is used.
- metal oxide particles used for the undercoat layer include metal oxide particles containing one kind of metal element such as titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, calcium titanate, and titanium.
- metal oxide particles containing a plurality of metal elements such as strontium acid and barium titanate.
- One type of particle may be used, or multiple types of particles May be used in combination.
- titanium oxide or aluminum oxide is preferable, and titanium oxide is particularly preferable.
- the surface of the titanium oxide particles may be treated with an inorganic substance such as tin oxide, aluminum oxide, antimony oxide, zirconium oxide, or silicon oxide, or an organic substance such as stearic acid, polyol, or silicone.
- an inorganic substance such as tin oxide, aluminum oxide, antimony oxide, zirconium oxide, or silicon oxide, or an organic substance such as stearic acid, polyol, or silicone.
- an organic substance such as stearic acid, polyol, or silicone.
- any of rutile, analytic, brookite, and amorphous can be used. A plurality of crystals may be included.
- the average temporary particle size is preferably from 10 11111 to 10 O nm, and particularly preferably. Is between 10 nm and 50 nm.
- the undercoat layer is preferably formed in a form in which metal oxide particles are dispersed in a binder resin.
- binder resin used for the undercoat layer include phenoxy, epoxy, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, casein, polyacrylic acid, celluloses, gelatin, starch, polyurethane, polyimide, polyamide, and the like alone or together with a curing agent.
- alcohol-soluble copolymerized polyamide, modified polyamide and the like are preferable because they show good dispersibility and coatability.
- the addition ratio of the inorganic particles to the binder resin can be arbitrarily selected, it is preferable to use the inorganic particles in the range of 10 wt% to 500 wt% in view of the stability of the dispersion and the applicability.
- the thickness of the undercoat layer can be arbitrarily selected, but is preferably from 0.1 am to 20 m in view of the photoreceptor characteristics and coating properties. Further, a known antioxidant may be added to the undercoat layer. ⁇ Charge generation layer>
- examples of the charge generation material used in the charge generation layer include selenium or its alloy, cadmium sulfide, and other inorganic photoconductive materials; phthalocyanine pigments, azo Pigment, quinacridone pigment, indigo pigment, perylene face Pigments, polycyclic quinone pigments, anthantrone pigments, organic pigments such as benzimidazole pigments, and various other photoconductive materials can be used. Particularly preferred are organic pigments, furthermore, phthalocyanine pigments or azo pigments.
- These fine particles can be used, for example, in polyester resin, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyester, polycarbonate, polyvinyl acetate, polypinylpropional, polyvinylbutyral, and phenol. It is used in the form of binder with various binder resins such as resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, cellulose ester and cellulose ether. In this case, the usage ratio is from 30 to 500 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the binder resin, and the film thickness is usually 0.1 / im to 1 im, preferably 0.1. 5 / ⁇ m to 0.6 m is preferred.
- a phthalocyanine compound When a phthalocyanine compound is used as the charge-generating substance, specifically, metals such as metal-free phthalocyanine, copper, indium, gallium, tin, titanium, zinc, vanadium, silicon, germanium, or oxides thereof, halides, etc. Phthalocyanines coordinated with are used. Examples of the ligand to a trivalent or higher metal atom include the above-described oxygen atom and chlorine atom, as well as a hydroxyl group and an alkoxy group.
- high-sensitivity X-type, non-type metal-free phthalocyanine titanyl phthalocyanine such as A-type, B-type and D-type, vanadyl phthalocyanine, black indium phthalocyanine, black gallium phthalocyanine, and hydroxygallium phthalocyanine.
- titanyl phthalocyanine such as A-type, B-type and D-type
- vanadyl phthalocyanine vanadyl phthalocyanine
- black indium phthalocyanine black gallium phthalocyanine
- hydroxygallium phthalocyanine hydroxygallium phthalocyanine.
- the A-type and B-type are shown as the I-phase and the II-phase by W. He 11 er et al. (Zeit. Kristallogr. 159 (1982 ) 173), type A is what is known as stable type.
- Form D has a diffraction angle of 20 ⁇ 0.2 in powder X-ray diffraction using Cu K line. Is a crystal type characterized by showing a clear peak at 27.3 °.
- the furocyanine compound a single compound may be used alone, or a mixture of several compounds may be used.
- the phthalocyanine compound or a mixed state that can be placed in a crystalline state here is used by mixing the respective constituent elements later. It may be a compound that has been mixed in the manufacturing process of a phthalocyanine compound such as synthesis, pigmentation, or crystallization. As such a treatment, an acid paste treatment, a grinding treatment, a solvent treatment and the like are known.
- Examples of the charge transporting material contained in the charge transport layer include aromatic nitro compounds such as 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone, cyano compounds such as tetracyanoquinodimethane, and quinones such as diphenoquinone.
- Examples thereof include a derivative, a stilbene derivative, a butadiene derivative, an enamine compound, an electron-donating substance such as a compound in which a plurality of these compounds are bonded, or a polymer having a group consisting of these compounds in a main chain or a side chain.
- carbazole derivatives carbazole derivatives, hydrazone derivatives, aromatic amamine derivatives, stilbene derivatives, butadiene derivatives and those in which a plurality of these derivatives are bonded are preferable, and those in which a plurality of aromatic amide derivatives, stilbene derivatives, and butadiene derivatives are bonded.
- carbazole derivatives hydrazone derivatives, aromatic amamine derivatives, stilbene derivatives, butadiene derivatives and those in which a plurality of these derivatives are bonded are preferable, and those in which a plurality of aromatic amide derivatives, stilbene derivatives, and butadiene derivatives are bonded.
- aromatic amamine derivatives aromatic amamine derivatives
- stilbene derivatives stilbene derivatives
- butadiene derivatives those in which a plurality of these derivatives are bonded are preferable
- those in which a plurality of aromatic amide derivatives, stilbene derivatives, and butadiene derivatives are bonded.
- a ri to Ar 4 each independently represent an arylene group which may have a substituent or a divalent heterocyclic group which may have a substituent.
- a re in l is an alkylene group which may have a substituent, an arylene group which may have a substituent, or a divalent heterocyclic group which may have a substituent. Represent.
- Q represents a direct bond or a divalent residue.
- R 6 to Ri 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, or a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent.
- ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ! 14 each independently represents an integer of 0 to 4; Ari to Ar6 may be bonded to each other to form a cyclic structure.
- R 6 to R 13 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent. Represents a good aralkyl group and a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent.
- alkyl group examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, a cyclopentyl group, and a cyclohexyl group. 1 to 6 alkyl groups are preferred.
- alkyl group has an aryl-substituent group, examples thereof include a benzyl group and a phenethyl group, and an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable.
- aryl group examples include a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyrenyl group and the like, and an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable.
- the heterocyclic group is preferably an aromatic heterocyclic ring, for example, a furyl group, a cyenyl group, a pyridyl group and the like, and a monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring is more preferable.
- a ri to Ar 4 each independently represent an arylene group which may have a substituent or a divalent heterocyclic group which may have a substituent.
- . mi and m 2 each independently represent 0 or 1. ! ! ⁇
- aryl group includes a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyrenyl group and the like, preferably an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; an arylene group Examples thereof include a phenylene group and a naphthylene group, and a phenylene group is preferable.
- an aromatic heterocyclic ring is preferable, such as a furyl group and a phenyl group.
- Monocyclic aromatic heterocycles are more preferred.
- a ri and A r 2 is a phenylene group
- a r 6 is a phenyl group.
- the alkyl group, aryl group, aralkyl group, and heterocyclic group may further have a substituent.
- substituents include a cyano group; a nitro group; a hydroxyl group; a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom; a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group; Alkyl group such as butyl group, t-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, cyclopentyl group and cyclohexyl group; alkoxy group such as methoxy group, ethoxy group and propyloxy group; alkylthio group such as methylthio group and ethylthio group
- di-substituted amino groups such as di-substituted amino groups obtained by combining the above-mentioned amino group substituents.
- these substituents may be bonded to each other to form a cyclic hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group via a single bond, a methylene group, an ethylene group, a carboxy group, a vinylidene group, an eprenylene group, or the like.
- preferred substituents include a halogen atom, a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and a phenyl group are more preferable, and a methyl group and a phenyl group are more preferable.
- Ni ⁇ n 4 are each independently 0 to 4, preferably 0 to 2, 1 is particularly preferred.
- mi and m2 represent 0 or 1, preferably 0.
- Q represents a direct bond or a divalent residue.
- Preferred examples of the divalent residue include a group 16 atom, an alkylene which may have a substituent, and a substituent.
- O represents an oxygen atom
- S represents a sulfur atom
- Z represents an arylene group which may have a substituent or an alkylene group which may have a substituent
- the alkylene group constituting Q those having 1 to 6 carbon atoms are preferable, and among them, a methylene group and an ethylene group are more preferable.
- the cycloalkylidene group is preferably a cycloalkylidene group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably a pentylidene group at a mouth and a hexylidene group at a mouth.
- the arylene group preferably has 6 to 14 carbon atoms, and more preferably a phenylene group and a naphthylene group.
- the alkylene group, arylene group, and cycloalkylidene group may have a substituent.
- Preferred substituents include a ⁇ acid group, a nitro group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, and an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. And an alkenyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms.
- Specific charge-transporting substances that the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention may have include arylamine compounds described in JP-A-9-244278, JP-A-200 An arylamine-based compound described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2-2751333 is exemplified.
- charge transport materials may be used alone or in combination.
- the charge transport layer is formed in such a manner that these charge transport materials are bound to the binder resin.
- the charge transport layer may be composed of a single layer, or may be a laminate of a plurality of layers having different constituent components or composition ratios.
- the ratio of the binder resin to the charge transporting substance is usually in the range of 30 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 40 to 150 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the binder resin.
- the film thickness is generally 5 to 50 m, preferably 10 to 45 Aim.
- the charge transport layer has a well-known plasticizer, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, and an electron attractant to improve film forming properties, flexibility, coating properties, stain resistance, gas resistance, light resistance, and the like.
- Additives such as a hydrophilic compound, a dye, a pigment, and a repelling agent.
- antioxidants include hindered phenol compounds, hindered amine compounds, etc. Is fisted.
- dyes and pigments include various dye compounds and azo compounds.
- the above-described charge generation material is dispersed in the charge transport medium having the above-described mixing ratio.
- the particle size of the charge generating substance must be sufficiently small, and it is preferably used at 1 or less, more preferably at 0.5 / _im or less. If the amount of the charge generating substance dispersed in the photosensitive layer is too small, sufficient sensitivity cannot be obtained, and if the amount is too large, there are adverse effects such as a decrease in chargeability and a decrease in sensitivity, for example, preferably 0.5 to 50. %, More preferably from 1 to 20% by weight.
- the thickness of the photosensitive layer is usually 5 to 50 im, more preferably 10 to 45 m.
- a known plasticizer for improving film formability, flexibility, mechanical strength, etc., an additive for suppressing residual potential, a dispersion auxiliary for improving dispersion stability, and a coating property may be added.
- a leveling agent and a surfactant for example, silicone oil, fluorinated oil and other additives for improving the oil content may be added.
- a protective layer may be provided on the photosensitive layer for the purpose of preventing abrasion of the photosensitive layer and preventing or reducing deterioration of the photosensitive layer due to discharge products or the like generated from a charger or the like.
- the surface layer may contain a fluorine resin, a silicone resin or the like for the purpose of reducing the frictional resistance and abrasion of the photoreceptor surface. Further, particles of these resins or particles of an inorganic compound may be included.
- Each layer constituting these photoreceptors is formed by a dip coating method, a spray coating method, a nozzle coating method, a bar coating method, a roll coating method, a blade, which is known as a method for forming a photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photoreceptor. It is formed by coating on a support by a coating method or the like.
- the dip coating method is preferable from the viewpoint of high productivity, but the coating method is not limited thereto.
- each layer As a method for forming each layer, a known method such as sequentially applying a coating solution obtained by dissolving or dispersing a substance to be contained in a layer in a solvent can be applied.
- the image forming apparatus includes an electrophotographic photosensitive member 1, a charging device 2, an exposing device 3, and a developing device 4, and further includes a transfer device 5, a cleaning device 6, and a fixing device as necessary.
- a device 7 is provided.
- the electrophotographic photoreceptor 1 is not particularly limited as long as it is the above-described electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, but in FIG. 1, as an example, a drum in which the above-described photosensitive layer is formed on the surface of a cylindrical conductive support. 2 shows a photoconductor in a shape of a circle.
- a charging device 2, an exposure device 3, a developing device 4, a transfer device 5, and a cleaning device 6 are arranged along the outer peripheral surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1.
- the charging device 2 charges the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1 and uniformly charges the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1 to a predetermined potential.
- a roller type charging device (charging port) is shown as an example of the charging device 2, but a corona charging device such as a corotron and a scorotron, and a contact type charging device such as a charging brush are often used.
- the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1 and the charging device 2 are designed to be detachable from the main body of the image forming apparatus as a cartridge (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as a photosensitive member cartridge) including both of them.
- a photosensitive member cartridge for example, when the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1 or the charging device 2 is deteriorated, the photosensitive member cartridge is removed from the image forming apparatus main body, and another new photosensitive member member is charged.
- the image forming apparatus can be mounted on the image forming apparatus main body.
- the toner described later is stored in a toner cartridge and is designed to be removable from the image forming apparatus main body, and when the toner in the used toner cartridge is exhausted. The toner cartridge is detached from the image forming apparatus main body, and another new toner cartridge can be mounted. Further, a cartridge provided with all of the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1, the charging device 2, and the toner may be used.
- the type of the exposure device 3 is not particularly limited as long as it can expose the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1 to form an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1.
- Specific examples include halogen lamps, fluorescent lamps, lasers such as semiconductor lasers and He-Ne lasers, and LEDs.
- the exposure may be performed by a photoconductor internal exposure method.
- the light used for exposure is arbitrary, for example, a monochromatic light having a wavelength of 780 nm, a monochromatic light having a wavelength slightly shorter than 600 nm to 700 nm, and a wavelength of 380 nm to 5 nm. Exposure may be performed using monochromatic light having a short wavelength of 100 nm or the like.
- the type of the developing device 4 is not particularly limited, and any device such as a dry developing system such as a cascade developing, a one-component conductive toner developing, or a two-component magnetic brush developing, or a wet developing system can be used.
- the developing device 4 includes a developing tank 41, an agitator 42, a supply roller 43, a developing roller 44, and a regulating member 45, and stores the toner T inside the developing tank 41.
- the configuration is as follows.
- a replenishing device (not shown) for replenishing the toner T may be attached to the developing device 4 as needed. This replenishing device is configured to be able to replenish the toner T from a container such as a port or a cartridge.
- the supply roller 43 is formed from a conductive sponge or the like.
- the developing roller 44 is made of a metal roll of iron, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, or the like, or a resin roll in which such a metal roll is coated with a silicon resin, a urethane resin, a fluorine resin, or the like. This developer port The surface of the glass 44 may be subjected to smoothing or roughening if necessary.
- the developing roller 44 is disposed between the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1 and the supply roller 43, and is in contact with the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1 and the supply roller 43, respectively.
- the supply roller 43 and the developing port roller 44 are rotated by a rotation drive mechanism (not shown).
- the supply roller 43 carries the stored toner T and supplies it to the developing roller 44.
- the developing roller 44 carries the toner T supplied by the supply roller 43 and contacts the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1.
- the regulating member 45 is formed by a resin blade such as silicone resin or urethane resin, a metal blade such as stainless steel, aluminum, copper, brass, phosphor bronze, or a blade in which such a metal blade is coated with resin. ing.
- the regulating member 45 is in contact with the developing roller 44 and is pressed against the developing roller 44 by a predetermined force (a typical blade linear pressure is 5 to 500 g / cm) by a spring or the like. If necessary, the regulating member 45 may be provided with a function of charging the toner T by frictional charging with the toner T.
- the agitator 42 is rotated by a rotary drive mechanism to agitate the toner T and transport the toner T to the supply roller 43 side.
- Agitate 42 may be provided in plurals with different shapes and sizes of the blades.
- the type of the toner T is arbitrary, and in addition to a powdery toner, a polymer toner using a suspension polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, or the like can be used.
- a polymerized toner when used, a polymerized toner is used, a small particle diameter of about 4 to 8 m is preferable, and the shape of the toner particles varies from a nearly spherical shape to a shape deviating from the spherical shape on a potato. Can be used.
- the polymerized toner has excellent charge uniformity and transferability, and is suitably used for high image quality.
- the type of the transfer device 5 is not particularly limited, and any type of device such as an electrostatic transfer method such as corona transfer, roller transfer, and belt transfer, a pressure transfer method, and an adhesive transfer method can be used.
- the transfer device 5 is a transfer charger arranged to face the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1. 1. It shall consist of a transfer roller, a transfer belt, etc.
- the transfer device 5 applies a predetermined voltage value (transfer voltage) having a polarity opposite to the charging potential of the toner T, and transfers the toner image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1 to recording paper (paper, medium) P. Things.
- the cleaning device 6 is not particularly limited, and any cleaning device such as a brush cleaner, a magnetic brush cleaner, an electrostatic brush cleaner, a magnetic roller cleaner, and a blade cleaner can be used.
- the cleaning device 6 removes residual toner adhering to the photoreceptor 1 with a cleaning member and collects the residual toner. If there is no residual toner or the residual toner is very small, the cleaning device 6 may be omitted.
- the fixing device 7 includes an upper fixing member (fixing roller) 71 and a lower fixing member (fixing roller) 72, and a heating device 73 is provided inside the fixing member 71 or 72.
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which a heating device 73 is provided inside the upper fixing member 71.
- Each of the upper and lower fixing members 71 and 72 is a known heat fixing member such as a fixing roll in which a metal tube made of stainless steel, aluminum, or the like is coated with silicon rubber, a fixing roll in which a fluorine resin is coated, and a fixing sheet. Can be used.
- each of the fixing members 7 1 and 7 2 may be configured to supply a release agent such as silicone oil in order to improve the release property, or may be configured to forcibly apply pressure to each other by a panel or the like. Good.
- the toner transferred onto the recording paper P passes between the upper fixing member 71 and the lower fixing member 72 heated to a predetermined temperature, the toner is heated to a molten state, cooled after passing through. The toner is fixed on the recording paper P.
- the type of the fixing device is not particularly limited, and a fixing device of any type, such as those used here, heat roller fixing, flash fixing, open fixing, and pressure fixing can be provided.
- an image is recorded as follows. That is, first, the surface (photosensitive surface) of the photoconductor 1 is charged to a predetermined potential (for example, 160 V) by the charging device 2. At this time, the charging may be performed using a DC voltage, or may be performed by superimposing an AC voltage on the DC voltage.
- a predetermined potential for example, 160 V
- the exposed surface of the charged photoreceptor 1 is zeroed by the exposure device 3 according to an image to be recorded, and an electrostatic latent image is formed on the photosensitive surface.
- the developing device 4 develops the electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive surface of the photoconductor 1.
- the developing device 4 thins the toner T supplied by the supply roller 43 by a regulating member (developing blade) 45 and also has a predetermined polarity (here, the same polarity as the charging potential of the photoconductor 1). (Negative polarity), and is transported while being carried on the developer port 44, and is brought into contact with the surface of the photoreceptor 1.
- the toner image After transferring the toner image onto the recording paper P, the toner image is passed through the fixing device 7 and heat-fixed onto the recording paper P to obtain a final image.
- the image forming apparatus may have a configuration capable of performing, for example, a static elimination step in addition to the above-described configuration.
- the neutralization step is a step in which the electrophotographic photoreceptor is exposed by exposing the electrophotographic photoreceptor, and a fluorescent lamp, an LED, or the like is used as the static eliminator.
- the light used in the static elimination process is often light having an exposure energy that is three times or more the intensity of the exposure light.
- the image forming apparatus may be further modified and configured.
- the image forming apparatus may be configured to perform a process such as a pre-exposure process, an auxiliary charging process, or may be configured to perform offset printing.
- a full color tandem system using a plurality of types of toners may be used.
- the resin was dissolved in dichloromethane to prepare a solution having a concentration C of 6.00 g / L.
- a Ubbelohde capillary viscometer with a flow time of solvent (dichloromethane) of 136.16 seconds, the flow time t of the sample solution was measured in a thermostatic water bath set at 20.0 ° C.
- the viscosity average molecular weight MV was calculated according to the following equation.
- a mixed solution of terephthalic acid chloride (48.91 g) and dichloromethane (423 ml) was transferred into a dropping funnel. While maintaining the external temperature of the polymerization tank at 2 OX, and stirring the alkaline aqueous solution in the reaction tank, a dichloromethane solution was added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 1 hour. After further stirring for 5 hours, dichloromethane (700 ml) was added and stirring was continued for 2 hours. Then, acetic acid (9.09 ml) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Then, the stirring was stopped and the organic layer was separated.
- the organic layer was washed twice with aqueous sodium hydroxide (850 ml) twice, then twice with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (850 ml), and further washed with demineralized water (850 ml). Washing was performed twice.
- the washed organic layer was poured into methanol (5600 ml), and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to obtain the desired resin A.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the obtained resin A was 54,200.
- the structural formula is shown below.
- a mixed solution of terephthalic acid chloride (24.91 g) and dichloromethane (211 ml) was transferred into the dropping port. While maintaining the external temperature of the polymerization tank at 20 ° C, the dichloromethane solution was added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 1 hour while stirring the alkaline aqueous solution in the reaction tank. After stirring for another 5 hours, dichloromethane (350 ml) was added and stirring was continued for 2 hours. Then, acetic acid (4.63 ml) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Then, the stirring was stopped and the organic layer was separated. The organic layer is washed twice with 0.1N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (423ml), then twice with 0.1N hydrochloric acid (423ml), and further washed with demineralized water (423ml). Went twice.
- the washed organic layer was poured into methanol (2800 ml), and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to obtain the desired resin B.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the obtained resin B was 66,400.
- the structural formula is shown below.
- the dichloromethane solution was dropped from the dropping funnel over 1 hour while stirring the aqueous alkali solution in the reaction tank. After stirring for another 5 hours, dichloromethane (350 ml) was added and stirring was continued for 2 hours. Then, acetic acid (5.0 Oml) was added and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Then, the stirring was stopped and the organic layer was separated. The organic layer was washed twice with 0.1N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (423ml), then twice with 0.1N hydrochloric acid (423ml), and further washed with demineralized water (423ml). Went twice.
- the washed organic layer was poured into methanol (2800 ml), and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to obtain the desired resin C.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the obtained resin C was 32,900.
- the structural formula is shown below.
- the numerical value after each repeating structure represents a molar ratio.
- the numerical value after each repeating structure represents a molar ratio.
- the dichloromethane solution was dropped from the dropping funnel over 1 hour while stirring the aqueous alkali solution in the reaction tank. After stirring for another 5 hours, dichloromethane (700 ml) was added and stirring was continued for 5 hours. Then, acetic acid (9.40 ml) was added and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Then, the stirring was stopped and the organic layer was separated. The organic layer is washed twice with a 0.1N sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (850 ml), then twice with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (850 ml), and further washed with demineralized water (850 ml). I went twice.
- the washed organic layer was poured into methanol (5600 ml), and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to obtain the desired resin D.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the obtained resin D was 44,800.
- the structural formula is shown below.
- the numerical value after each repeating structure represents the cell ratio
- benzyltriethylammonium chloride (0.6710 g) and 2,3,5 trimethylphenol (0.3542 g) were sequentially added to the reaction vessel. Separately, a mixed solution of terephthalic acid chloride (53.13 g) and dichloromethane (423 ml) was transferred into the dropping funnel.
- Sodium hydroxide (12.0 g) and demineralized water (423 ml) were weighed and dissolved in a 1 L beaker with stirring. After adding 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-13-methylphenyl) propane [hereinafter sometimes referred to as BPC] (29.20 g), stirring and dissolving, the alkali aqueous solution was placed in a 1 L reactor. Moved. Then, benzyltriethylammonium chloride (0.3018 g) and 2,3,6-trimethylphenol (0.5574 g) were sequentially added to the reaction vessel.
- BPC 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-13-methylphenyl) propane
- the washed organic layer was poured into methanol (2800 ml), and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to obtain the desired resin F.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the obtained resin F was 52,400.
- the structural formula is shown below.
- BP A 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane
- a mixed solution of terephthalic acid chloride (29..35 g) and dichloromethane (560 ml) was transferred into a dropping funnel. While maintaining the external temperature of the polymerization tank at 20 ° C, the dichloromethane solution was added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 30 minutes while stirring the aqueous alkali solution in the reaction tank. Stirring was continued for another 4 hours. Then, acetic acid (4.96 ml) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Then, the stirring was stopped and the organic layer was separated. The organic layer was washed twice with 0.1 N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (56 Oml), then twice with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (56 Oml), and further desalted water (560 ml). Was performed twice.
- the washed organic layer was poured into methanol (280 Oml), and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to obtain the desired resin G.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the obtained resin G was 39,100.
- the structural formula is shown below.
- the numerical value after each repeating structure represents a molar ratio.
- Production Example 8 (Method for producing resin H of Comparative Example 3)
- the washed organic layer was poured into methanol (2800 ml), and the obtained precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to obtain the desired resin H.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the obtained resin H was 40,900.
- the structural formula is shown below.
- the numerical value after each repeating structure represents a molar ratio.
- Tm-BPF bis (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl) methane
- the dichloromethane solution was added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 1 hour while stirring the alkaline aqueous solution in the reaction tank. After stirring for another 5 hours, dichloromethane (350 ml) was added and stirring was continued for 5 hours. Then, acetic acid (4.59 ml) was added and stirred for 30 minutes. Thereafter, stirring was stopped and the organic layer was separated. The organic layer was washed twice with 0.1N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (423 ml), then twice with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (423 ml), and further washed with demineralized water (423 ml). Went twice.
- the washed organic layer was poured into methanol (3000 ml), and the obtained precipitate was filtered out and dried to obtain the desired resin I.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the obtained resin I was 49,000.
- the structural formula is shown below.
- Number after each repetition 1 structure represents molar ratio
- Production Example 10 (Method for producing resin J of Example 6)
- Sodium hydroxide (12.99 g) and demineralized water (423 ml) were weighed and dissolved in a 1 L beaker with stirring.
- the aqueous solution, BPE (13.12 g) and BPOCE (14.8 4 g) were mixed, stirred and dissolved, and then the alkaline aqueous solution was transferred to a 1 L reaction vessel.
- benzyltriethylammonium chloride (0.3244 g) and p-tert-butylphenol (0.681 g) were sequentially added to the reaction vessel.
- terephthalic acid chloride 25.35 g was dissolved in dichloromethane (211 ml) and transferred to a dropping funnel.
- the dichloromethane solution was dropped from the dropping funnel over 1 hour while stirring the aqueous alkali solution in the reaction tank. After further stirring for 5 hours, dichloromethane (350 ml) was added and stirring was continued for 2 hours. Thereafter, acetic acid (5.10 ml) was added and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Thereafter, stirring was stopped and the organic layer was separated. The organic layer is washed twice with 0.1N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (423 ml), then twice with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (423 ml), and further washed with demineralized water (423 ml). Was performed twice.
- the numerical value after each repeating structure represents a molar ratio.
- Production Example 11 (Method for producing resin K of Example 7)
- terephthalic acid chloride 26.78 g was dissolved in dichloromethane (211 ml) and transferred into a dropping funnel. Thereafter, the same operation as in Production Example 10 was performed to obtain the desired aromatic polyester resin K.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the obtained resin was 40,900.
- the structural formula is shown below.
- terephthalic acid chloride 27.22 g was dissolved in dichloromethane (211 ml) and transferred into a dropping funnel. Thereafter, the same operation as in Production Example 10 was performed to obtain a desired aromatic polyester resin L.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the obtained resin was 43,900.
- the structural formula is shown below.
- the numerical value after each repeating structure represents a molar ratio.
- Production Example 13 (Method for producing resin M of Example 9)
- the numerical value after each repeating structure represents a molar ratio.
- Production Example 14 (Production method of aromatic polyester poly-ponate resin N used in Examples 7 to 9)
- the prepared polycarbonate oligomer (209.52 ml) and dichloromethane (42 ml) were charged into a 2 L reaction tank equipped with a stirrer, and the external temperature of the polymerization tank was raised to 20 ° C while stirring at 200 rpm. Kept.
- the previously prepared alkaline aqueous solution was sequentially added to carry out a polymerization reaction.
- 20 Oml of demineralized water was added to stop the stirring.
- 5 m 1 of the dichloromethane layer was sampled.
- 5 ml of demineralized water and 0.2 ml of 35% hydrochloric acid were added to the sampled dichloromethane solution, and the mixture was stirred and allowed to stand.
- terephthalic acid chloride 31.19 g was dissolved in dichloromethane (150 ml) and transferred into a dropping funnel.
- the washed organic layer was poured into methanol (4900 ml), and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to obtain the desired aromatic polyester polycarbonate resin N.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the obtained resin was 57,900.
- the dichloromethane solution sampled on the way was washed once with demineralized water, the organic layer was poured into methanol (30 ml), and the resulting precipitate was filtered and dried to obtain a poly-polyponate block.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the obtained polycarbonate block was 12,900.
- Table 1 summarizes the composition and viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) of the resin produced in the production example.
- Each abbreviation represents a repeating structure of the polyester resin derived from the divalent phenol represented by the abbreviation.
- charge generation layer 50 parts by weight of a charge transport material composed of isomers containing the following charge transport material (1) as a main component,
- Photoconductor B was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that resin B used in the coating liquid for forming a charge transport layer in Example 1 was changed to resin B.
- the coating solution for forming the charge transport layer did not show any change such as solidification even after being left at room temperature for one week.
- Photoconductor C was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that resin A used in the coating solution for forming a charge transport layer in Example 1 was changed to resin C, and a mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran and toluene was changed to dichloroethane.
- the coating solution for forming the charge transport layer did not show any change such as solidification even after being left at room temperature for one week.
- Photoconductors D and E were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the resin A used in the coating solution for forming a charge transport layer in Example 1 was changed to resins D and E.
- the coating solution for forming the charge transport layer did not show any change such as solidification even after being left at room temperature for one week.
- Example 1 was the same as Example 1 except that the resin A and the charge transport material (1) used in the coating solution for the charge transport layer of Example 1 were changed to the resin J produced in Production Example 10 and the following charge transport material (2). Photoconductor J was produced in the same manner.
- This coating solution for the charge transport layer shows no change such as solidification even after being left at room temperature for one week. won.
- Table 2 shows the results of the wear test and the measurement of the electrical characteristics.
- the resin J used in the charge transport layer coating liquid of Example 6 was made into a mixture of 90 parts by weight of the resin K produced in Production Example 11 and 10 parts by weight of the resin N produced in Production Example 14.
- a photosensitive member K was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 6 except for the above. Further, the coating solution for the charge transport layer did not show any change such as solidification even after being left at room temperature for one week. Table 2 shows the results of the wear test and the measurement of the electrical characteristics.
- a photoreceptor L was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the resin K used in Example 7 was changed to the resin L manufactured in Production Example 12.
- the coating solution for the charge transport layer did not show any change such as solidification even after being left at room temperature for one week.
- Table 2 shows the results of the wear test and the measurement of the electrical characteristics.
- a photoconductor M was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the resin K used in Example 7 was changed to the resin M manufactured in Production Example 13.
- the coating solution for the charge transport layer did not show any change such as solidification even after being left at room temperature for one week.
- Table 2 shows the results of the wear test and the measurement of the electrical characteristics. Comparative Examples 1 and 2
- Photoconductors H and I were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the resin A used in the coating solution for forming a charge transport layer in Example 1 was changed to the resins H and I.
- an electrophotographic property evaluation device manufactured in accordance with the Electrophotographic Society of Japan measurement standard (basic and application of electrophotographic technology, edited by the Electrophotographic Society of Japan, Corona Co., pp. 404-405)
- the photoconductor is adhered to an aluminum drum to form a cylinder.
- the drum is rotated at a constant speed to charge, expose, and measure potential.
- An electrical property evaluation test was performed using a constant and static elimination cycle. At that time, the initial surface potential as one 7 0 0 V, 7 8 0 nm as the exposure light, using a monochromatic light 6 6 0 nm as neutralization light, exposure light 2.
- VL 4 JZ cm 2 surface potential of the irradiated point
- the measurement environment is temperature 25, relative humidity 50% (hereinafter sometimes referred to as NN environment) and temperature 5 ° C, relative humidity 10% (hereinafter sometimes referred to as LL environment). I went in.
- the photoreceptor film was cut into a circle having a diameter of 10 cm, and abrasion was evaluated using a taper abrasion tester (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.). The test conditions were 23 and 50% RH in an atmosphere of wear wheels CS-1OF, with no load (self-weight of the wear wheels). Was measured by comparing. Table 2 shows the results. Electrical and wear characteristics of photoreceptor
- the polyester resin of the present invention shows high solubility and stability of the coating solution with respect to the solvent usually used for the coating solution for forming the charge transport layer, and the electrophotographic photoreceptor containing the polyester resin It can be seen that is excellent in mechanical properties, wear resistance and electrical properties.
- Titanium oxide manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd .: trade name: TT055N (average primary particle diameter: about 40 nm)
- TT055N average primary particle diameter: about 40 nm
- the resulting mixture was dispersed by a pole mill in a mixed solvent of the above to prepare a dispersion slurry of hydrophobically treated titanium oxide.
- a mixed solvent of the dispersion slurry, methanol / 1-propanol (weight ratio: 73), and ⁇ -force prolac Tam [Formula A] Bis (4-amino-3-methylcyclohexizole) methane [Formula B] / Hexamethylenediamine [Formula C] Z decamethylenedicarboxylic acid [Formula D] / Ok Yuka
- a mixture of methylene dicarboxylic acid [formula E] having a composition molar ratio of 60% Z15% / 5% / 15% Z5% was stirred and mixed while heating with a polyamide pellet to dissolve the polyamide pellet. Thereafter, an ultrasonic dispersion treatment was performed to produce a dispersion for an undercoat layer containing a hydrophobically treated titanium oxide / copolyamide at a weight ratio of 3/1 and having a solid content of 16% by weight.
- a phenoxy resin manufactured by Union Rikaichi Vide Co., Ltd., trade name: PKHH
- PKHH 1,2-dimethoxane
- the dispersion for charge generation layer J31 and the dispersion for charge generation layer / 3/2 were mixed at a ratio of 8: 2 to prepare a dispersion for charge generation layer f / 3.
- Anodizing is applied to the surface of a cylinder made of an aluminum alloy with a mirror-finished outer diameter of 30 mm, a length of 285 mm, and a thickness of 1.0 mm, and then the main component is nickel acetate
- An anodized film (alumite film) of about 6 m was formed by performing sealing treatment with a sealing agent.
- the charge generation layer dispersion liquid ⁇ previously produced was dip-coated on this cylinder, and the charge generation layer was formed such that the film thickness after drying was about 0.3.
- a photoconductor drum D1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 10, except that the resin D manufactured in Production Example 4 was used as the binder resin for the charge transport layer.
- a photoreceptor drum E1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 10, except that the shelf E manufactured in Production Example 5 was used as the binder resin for the charge transport layer. Comparative Example 7
- a photoreceptor drum I1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 10, except that the resin I produced in Production Example 9 was used as the binder resin for the charge transport layer.
- a cylinder made of an aluminum alloy with a mirror-finished outer diameter of 30 mm, a length of 254 mm and a wall thickness of 0.75 mm is immersed and coated in the undercoat layer dispersion prepared above.
- An undercoat layer having a thickness of about 1.3 m was formed.
- the dispersion j8 for the charge generation layer prepared above was applied to this cylinder by dip coating, and the charge generation layer was formed so that the film thickness after drying was about 0.3 m.
- 50 parts of the charge transporting substance (2) and the polyarylate resin A produced in Production Example 1 as a binder resin for the charge transporting layer were added to the cylinder on which the charge generating layer was formed.
- a photoreceptor drum D2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 13 except that the resin D prepared in Production Example 4 was used as the binder resin for the charge transport layer.
- a photoconductor drum E2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 13, except that the resin E produced in Production Example 5 was used as the binder resin for the charge transport layer.
- a photoreceptor drum I2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 13, except that the resin I produced in Production Example 9 was used as the binder resin for the charge transport layer.
- Example 16 Anodizing is applied to the surface of a cylinder made of an aluminum alloy with an outer diameter of 30 mm, a length of 346 mm and a wall thickness of 1.0 mm, whose surface is mirror-finished, and then sealed with a sealing agent mainly composed of nickel acetate.
- alumite film an anodized film (alumite film) of about 6 m was formed.
- This cylinder was dip-coated with the undercoat layer dispersion prepared above to form an undercoat layer having a thickness of about 1.3 m.
- the previously prepared dispersion for charge generation layer ⁇ 81 was applied by dip coating, and a charge generation layer was formed such that the film thickness after drying was about 0.3 m.
- a photosensitive drum E3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 16, except that the resin E produced in Production Example 5 was used as the binder resin for the charge transport layer.
- a photoconductor drum I3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 16, except that the resin I produced in Production Example 9 was used as the binder resin for the charge transport layer.
- the photoreceptor drums A1, D1, E1, and II are mounted on a commercially available color laser printer Yuichi (LP3000C manufactured by Epson Corporation), and the black-and-white mode (black) mode is used at room temperature and normal humidity. Was used to form 24,000 images.
- the film thickness of the photosensitive layer before image formation and the film thickness after 24,000 images were formed were measured, and the amount of film reduction per 10,000 images formed was calculated. Table 3 shows the results.
- the photosensitive drums A2, D2, E2, and I2 were transferred to a commercially available monochrome laser printer (Rexmark, Optra S2450, A4 portrait feed 24 sheets / min, DC voltage applied roller charging, roller charging). (Transfer), and 30,000 sheets of images were formed at normal temperature and normal humidity. The amount of film reduction per 10,000 sheets was calculated from the difference in film thickness before and after image formation. Table 3 shows the results.
- the shaving amount of the photosensitive layer film after forming 10,000 sheets of images is smaller in the photoconductor of the example than in the photoconductor of the comparative example, and the photoconductor of the present invention has abrasion resistance performance. You can see that it is excellent. Industrial applicability
- An electrophotographic photosensitive member applicable to an electrophotographic apparatus such as a printer, a facsimile, a copying machine, and the like can be provided.
- an electrophotographic apparatus such as a printer, a facsimile, a copying machine, and the like
- the content of all the specifications of Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-310700 (filed with the Japan Patent Office on September 2, 2003), which is the basis of the priority claim of the present application, Is quoted here.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/293,387 US7473507B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2005-12-05 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor with polyester resin in photosensitive layer |
US12/189,929 US7718337B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2008-08-12 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
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JP2003310700 | 2003-09-02 | ||
JP2003-310700 | 2003-09-02 |
Related Child Applications (1)
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US11/293,387 Continuation US7473507B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2005-12-05 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor with polyester resin in photosensitive layer |
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WO2005024521A1 true WO2005024521A1 (ja) | 2005-03-17 |
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PCT/JP2004/012915 WO2005024521A1 (ja) | 2003-09-02 | 2004-08-31 | 電子写真感光体 |
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US (2) | US7473507B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100474127C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005024521A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
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WO2015005442A1 (ja) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 電子写真感光体、電子写真感光体カートリッジ、画像形成装置、及びポリアリレート樹脂 |
JP2015078350A (ja) * | 2013-09-12 | 2015-04-23 | 三菱化学株式会社 | ポリアリレート樹脂、及びそれを用いた電子写真感光体 |
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CN101592878B (zh) * | 2004-11-19 | 2011-11-23 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 底涂层形成用涂布液以及具有涂布该涂布液所形成的底涂层的电子照相感光体 |
TWI417687B (zh) * | 2006-05-16 | 2013-12-01 | Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
EP2019338B1 (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2013-07-03 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Electrophotographic photosensitive body, image forming device, and electrophotographic cartridge |
TW200807189A (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2008-02-01 | Mitsubishi Chem Corp | Coating liquid for forming foundation layer, photosensitive body having foundation layer obtained through application of the coating liquid, image forming device and electrophotographic cartridge using the photosensitive body |
EP2490077B1 (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2014-10-01 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrificating member and electrophotographic device |
CN105589308B (zh) | 2011-03-04 | 2019-10-25 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 电荷传输物质、电子照相感光体、电子照相感光体盒、及图像形成装置 |
WO2014115694A1 (ja) | 2013-01-24 | 2014-07-31 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | ポリアリレート及びそれを用いた成形品 |
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US20060073400A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
US7718337B2 (en) | 2010-05-18 |
US20090081570A1 (en) | 2009-03-26 |
US7473507B2 (en) | 2009-01-06 |
CN100474127C (zh) | 2009-04-01 |
CN1846176A (zh) | 2006-10-11 |
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