WO2005015671A1 - 固体酸化物形燃料電池 - Google Patents
固体酸化物形燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005015671A1 WO2005015671A1 PCT/JP2004/011368 JP2004011368W WO2005015671A1 WO 2005015671 A1 WO2005015671 A1 WO 2005015671A1 JP 2004011368 W JP2004011368 W JP 2004011368W WO 2005015671 A1 WO2005015671 A1 WO 2005015671A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- fuel cell
- electrolyte
- solid oxide
- mol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9016—Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts
- H01M4/9025—Oxides specially used in fuel cell operating at high temperature, e.g. SOFC
- H01M4/9033—Complex oxides, optionally doped, of the type M1MeO3, M1 being an alkaline earth metal or a rare earth, Me being a metal, e.g. perovskites
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell, and more particularly, to a solid oxide fuel cell excellent in output performance and durability.
- Solid oxide fuel cells have high operating temperatures (900-1000 ° C) and are expected to be efficient fuel cells.
- Various proposals have been made to realize a solid oxide fuel cell having excellent output performance and durability.
- groups 4A, 5A, and 7A are used.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 2003-22821 and 2003-22822 propose to add at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of Group 4B and Group 4B elements.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-187811 discloses that an oxygen gas generated in an air electrode and an electrolyte reacts with an electron to generate an oxygen ion. It has been proposed to provide a mixed material of a perovskite oxide having electronic conductivity and a high-melting dielectric oxide between electrolytes.
- a representative of the perovskite-type oxide used here there is lanthanum manganite in which Sr or Ca is dissolved, and its composition is (La, Sr) MnO, (La, Ca) MnO, (La, Sr) (Mn Fe) 0
- cerium containing SmO or GdO as a solid solution
- JP-A-8-180886 discloses that a thin layer of zirconia in which yttria is dissolved as a solid solution is provided between an air electrode and an electrolyte to reduce the contact resistance between the air electrode and the electrolyte. It is disclosed that performance can be improved.
- the cathode material used here is lanthanum manganite in which Sr is dissolved.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-44245 discloses a mixed powder of lanthanum manganite in which Ca and Z or Sr are formed as a solid solution between an air electrode and an electrolyte and zirconia in which yttria is formed as a solid solution. It has been proposed that a layer be provided to reduce the contact resistance between the air electrode and the electrolyte, thereby improving the output performance.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-173801 discloses that in a solid oxide fuel cell, in order to prevent a reaction between an electrolyte and a fuel electrode, Ce Ln ⁇ (porosity is 25% or less) is used.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-134132 discloses a solid oxide fuel cell in which an air electrode made of a perovskite-type oxide containing manganese and an electrolyte made of dinoreconia are co-sintered.
- an air electrode made of a perovskite-type oxide containing manganese and an electrolyte made of dinoreconia are co-sintered.
- oxides containing yttria, dinoreconia and ceria required a sintering temperature of around 1500 ° C to form an electrolyte with low sinterability and no gas permeability. For this reason, it seems difficult to control the amount of manganese that diffuses through the electrolyte to the fuel electrode.
- the present inventors have recently found that in a solid oxide fuel cell having an air electrode made of a perovskite oxide containing at least manganese, a layer in contact with the fuel electrode is located on the fuel electrode side. It has been found that the manganese content on the surface has a significant effect on the performance of the fuel cell, and that by controlling the manganese content, an excellent fuel cell can be obtained.
- the present invention is based on strong knowledge.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a solid oxide fuel cell having excellent output performance and durability.
- the fuel cell according to the present invention is a solid oxide fuel cell including at least an electrolyte, an air electrode, and a fuel electrode, wherein the air electrode includes at least manganese.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cross section of a cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a basic configuration of a solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention.
- the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention has a basic configuration including an air electrode support 1, an electrolyte 3, and an anode 4.
- an air-side electrode reaction layer 5 as an embodiment of the air electrode is provided between the air electrode support 1 and the electrolyte 3, and between the electrolyte 3 and the fuel electrode 4.
- a porous layer 6 is provided.
- Air oxygen
- fuel gas hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, etc.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a solid oxide fuel cell in which the fuel-side electrode reaction layer 4a is provided between the electrolyte 3 without the porous layer 6 and the fuel electrode 4 in the structure of FIG. It is.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a solid oxide fuel cell in which the air-side electrode reaction layer 5 has a plurality of layers (5a, 5b) in the structure of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a solid oxide fuel cell in which a porous layer 6 is provided between a fuel-side electrode reaction layer 4a and an electrolyte 3 in addition to the structure of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a solid oxide fuel cell in which the air-side electrode reaction layer 5 has a plurality of layers (5a, 5b) in the configuration of FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a battery configuration for measuring a reaction overvoltage for evaluating electrode characteristics. Detailed description of the invention
- the structure of the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the structure and composition of the present invention described below are satisfied.
- it may be either a flat plate type or a cylindrical type.
- the solid oxide fuel cell of the present invention is of the microtube type (outer diameter
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cross section of a cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell.
- a strip-shaped interconnector 2 an electrolyte 3, and a fuel electrode 4 are provided on a cylindrical air electrode support 1 so as not to contact the interconnector 2 on the electrolyte 3. It is configured.
- air oxygen
- fuel gas flows outside, oxygen ions are generated at the interface between the cathode and the electrolyte as shown below.
- the oxygen ions reach the fuel electrode through the electrolyte. Then, at the fuel electrode near the electrolyte, the fuel gas and oxygen ions react to form water and carbon dioxide. These reactions are represented by the following equations.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a basic configuration of a solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention.
- the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention has a basic configuration including an air electrode support 1, an electrolyte 3, and an anode 4.
- an air-side electrode reaction layer 5 as an embodiment of an air electrode is provided between the air electrode support 1 and the electrolyte 3, and between the electrolyte 3 and the fuel electrode 4.
- a porous layer 6 is provided.
- the air-side electrode reaction layer 5 and the porous layer 6 are not essential in the present invention, but are preferably provided.
- the fuel-side electrode reaction layer 4a as one embodiment of the fuel electrode has Provided May be.
- the air-side electrode reaction layer 5 has a plurality of layers (5a, 5b). May be constituted by
- a solid oxide fuel cell provided with a porous layer 6 between a fuel electrode 4 (a concept including a fuel-side electrode reaction layer 4a) and an electrolyte 3 is provided. Is performed. Further, according to another aspect, there is provided a solid oxide fuel cell in which the air-side electrode reaction layer has a plurality of layers in the configuration shown in FIG.
- the present invention is characterized in that the content of manganese on the surface of the layer in contact with the fuel electrode on the fuel electrode side is 0.334% by weight.
- the content of manganese on the surface of the electrolyte on the fuel electrode side is 0.3 to 4% by weight.
- the manganese content on the anode side of the electrolyte is 0.6-3.5% by weight, more preferably 0.9-3% by weight.
- the manganese content on the air electrode side surface of the electrolyte is preferably less than about 10% by weight, more preferably less than 6% by weight.
- it is preferable that the content of manganese on the surface of the electrolyte on the air electrode side is larger than the content of the manganese component on the surface of the electrolyte on the fuel electrode side.
- the manganese content on the surface of the porous layer on the fuel electrode side is 0.3 to 4% by weight. is there.
- the manganese content on the surface of the porous layer on the fuel electrode side is preferably 0.6-3.5% by weight, more preferably 0.93% by weight.
- it is preferable that the manganese content on the air electrode side surface of the electrolyte is larger than the manganese content on the fuel electrode side surface of the porous layer. ,.
- manganese content on the surface of the layer in “content of manganese on the surface of the layer in contact with the fuel electrode on the side of the fuel electrode” refers to a depth of 3 ⁇ m from the surface of the fuel electrode.
- m Means the manganese content in the layer in contact with the fuel electrode within.
- the measurement may be either analysis from the fuel electrode side, formation of a cross section, and analysis from the cross section direction.
- the manganese content on the surface on the fuel electrode side is controlled in the layer in contact with the fuel electrode.
- This manganese is considered to be diffused from perovskite oxide containing manganese constituting the air electrode during sintering during its production. By controlling the amount of this diffusion, it has excellent output characteristics.
- the amount of manganese is within the above range at the interface between the fuel electrode and the layer in contact with it, the adhesion between the two layers is greatly improved by sufficient sintering, and the electrolyte ensures good ionic conductivity. It is thought that this contributes to the improvement of its properties.
- control of the amount of manganese on the fuel electrode side surface of the layer in contact with the fuel electrode can be realized by controlling the composition and physical configuration of the battery and the manufacturing conditions.
- the elements constituting the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention including the specific means for controlling the amount of manganese, will be described in detail.
- the electrolyte is a layer showing high conductivity of oxygen ions (O 2 —) at high temperature and having no gas permeability, and a layer made of zirconium in which scandia and / or yttria are dissolved.
- O 2 — oxygen ions
- zirconium in which scandia and / or yttria are dissolved.
- the solid solution amount of scandia in SSZ, the total solid solution amount of scandia and yttria in ScYSZ, and the solid solution amount of yttria in YSZ are as high as about 312 mol%.
- a more preferable lower limit is preferably about 8 mol% because ionic conductivity can be realized.
- At least one kind of oxide may be solid-dissolved in a total amount of about 5 mol% or less. Further, in order to enable sintering at a low temperature, Bi 2 O 3, Al 2 O 3, SiO 2 or the like may be added.
- the electrolyte when the electrolyte has a 3% diameter of 3 am or more and a 97% diameter of 20 ⁇ m or less of the crystal grain size on the fuel electrode side membrane surface, It preferably has a certain particle size distribution. By being in this range, an electrolyte having no gas permeability due to good sinterability and having good adhesion to the fuel electrode can be realized.
- the crystal grain size of the electrolyte surface on the fuel electrode side means a grain size distribution obtained by the Branimetric method. That is, first, a picture of the surface of the electrolyte is taken by SEM, and a circle with an approximate area (S) is drawn on this picture, and the number of particles in the circle, the force on the circumference, and the number of particles n Calculate the number of particles N per unit area.
- N (n + l / 2n) / (S / m 2 )
- m is the magnification of the photograph. 1 / N force This is the area occupied by SI particles.
- the grain size is a circle-equivalent diameter, it is obtained as 2 / ⁇ ( ⁇ ), and if it is a square, it is obtained as ⁇ .
- the 3% diameter of the crystal grain diameter of the electrolyte corresponds to the third diameter when 100 crystal grain diameters are measured by the Branimetric method and arranged in ascending order of the particle diameter.
- the 97% diameter refers to the 97th particle diameter.
- the fact that the electrolyte does not have gas permeability is specifically evaluated by providing a pressure difference between one side of the electrolyte and the opposite side thereof and measuring the gas permeation amount of N gas passing through the gap.
- the electrolyte is a gas permeation amount Q is Q ⁇ 2.
- Q is Q ⁇ 2.
- 8 X 10- 9 ms- ⁇ more preferably it is preferred instrument is a- 1 Q ⁇ 2.
- the thickness of the electrolyte may be appropriately determined.
- the electrolyte according to the present invention may be prepared from raw material powder of zirconium in which scandia and / or yttria are dissolved. Able to form appropriate crystal grain size without gas permeability
- the BET value is 0.5-20 m 2 g- 1
- the 3% size is 0.1 / im or more
- the 97% size is 2 ⁇ m or less
- the average particle size is 0.
- Raw material powder controlled to about 3-1 ⁇ m is more preferable.
- the BET value is preferably a value obtained by measurement using a fluid type specific surface area measuring apparatus Flow Soap Model 2300 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
- the particle size distribution is preferably a value obtained by measurement using a laser diffraction type particle size distribution analyzer SA LD-2000 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. Further, the average particle diameter is preferably a value of a median diameter (50% diameter) obtained by using a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer SALD-2000 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
- the method for producing the electrolyte is not particularly limited, but a viewpoint of excellent mass productivity and low cost, a slurry coating method, a screen printing method, and a sheet bonding method are preferable.
- the method for producing the raw material for the electrolyte is not particularly limited as long as it can uniformly dissolve the yttria and / or scandia, and the coprecipitation method is generally preferable.
- the electrolyte is composed of at least two layers, a layer made of dinoreconia (YSZ) in which yttria is dissolved as a solid on the air-side electrode reaction layer side, and a fuel electrode side.
- YSZ dinoreconia
- SSZ zirconia
- the electrolyte has at least a three-layer structure, and is formed by sequentially laminating a layer made of SSZ, a layer made of YSZ, and a layer made of SSZ. Can be.
- the electrolyte may have a different composition ratio of SSZ / YSZ.
- SSZZYSZ 3Zl
- SSZ / YSZ 1/3
- the air electrode is an oxygen gas having a high electron conductivity in an air atmosphere. It is preferable to efficiently generate oxygen ions having high permeability.
- the air electrode is configured as an air electrode support having the function of the air electrode while maintaining the strength of the battery.
- the air electrode contains a perovskite oxide containing at least manganese.
- the cathode is (La A) M
- the air electrode or the air electrode support is made of a mixed conductive material in which a perovskite oxide containing manganese and nickel and an oxide having oxygen ion conductivity are uniformly mixed. It can be configured to be made of a conductive ceramic material. Preferable examples are, for example, (La A) (Mn Ni) O (where A represents Ca or Sr
- the proportion of the open bouskite-type oxide containing manganese and nickel is preferably 30 to 70% by weight.
- the air electrode has an appropriate pore size and porosity from the viewpoint of oxygen gas permeability, and preferably has a pore size of 0.5 / im or more and a porosity of 5% or more. Further, a composition having a high effect of suppressing the diffusion of manganese into the electrolyte is more preferable from the viewpoint of improving the durability performance.
- the composition of the perovskite-type oxide containing manganese and nickel is (Ln A) (Mn Ni) O (where Ln is Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, N
- ⁇ ⁇ represents Ca or Sr , 0 ⁇ 15 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.3, 0.97 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0.02 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.10.
- z is in the range of 0.02 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.10, the stability of solid solution is high.
- ⁇ The effect of suppressing the diffusion of manganese in the lobskite structure to other electrodes is greatest. .
- X satisfies 0.15 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.3, it is possible to secure good electronic conductivity and efficiently generate oxygen ions.
- the oxide having oxygen ion conductivity constituting the air electrode is preferably an oxide containing at least dinorecon, a cerium-containing oxide, or a lanthanum gallate-based oxide. Further, as the oxide containing zirconia, SSZ, ScYSZ, and YSZ are more preferable.
- the solid solution amount of scandia in the SSZ as the air electrode is preferably in the range of 3 12 mol%. Further, the total solid solution amount of scandia and yttria in ScYSZ is preferably in the range of 3 to 12 mol%. Furthermore, the solid solution amount of yttria in YSZ is in the range of 312 mol%.
- the amount of solid solution of scandia or yttria becomes excessive, rhombohedral crystals are formed in addition to the cubic crystal phase, and oxygen ion conductivity is reduced, and scandia and yttria are expensive materials and oxygen ion conductivity is low. Care must be taken because it is not practical to form a solid solution to a lower point.
- SSZ and ScYSZ further include CeO, SmO, and Gd G
- At least one oxide selected from the group consisting of YbO and ErO is solid solution of 5 mol% or less.
- the cerium-containing oxide as the oxide having oxygen ion conductivity at the air electrode includes a general formula (CeO) Q ⁇ (where J is any one of Sm, Gd, and Y.
- This compound requires a sintering temperature of 1500 ° C or more to form an electrolyte with low sinterability and no gas permeability, and the manganese-containing perovskite-type oxide is used for sintering at high temperatures. Manganese diffusion into the electrolyte is suppressed by the inclusion of nickel, which tends to increase the diffusion of manganese into the electrolyte.
- lanthanum gallate-based oxide which is an oxide having oxygen ion conductivity at the air electrode, a general formula La D Ga E ⁇ or La D Ga E L O (where D
- E represents one or more of Mg, Al, In
- L represents one or more of Co, Fe, Ni, Cr
- the fuel electrode is usually used as a fuel electrode of a solid oxide fuel cell. It may be. That is, the fuel electrode reacts with the fuel gas in the fuel gas atmosphere of the solid oxide fuel cell, which has moved through the electrolyte, which has high electron conductivity and high fuel gas permeability, to become water and carbon dioxide. It is only necessary that the reaction be carried out efficiently.
- the fuel electrode is preferably formed by sintering nickel oxide and zirconia.
- Nickel oxide is reduced in a fuel gas atmosphere to become nickel, and exhibits catalytic activity and electronic conductivity.
- NiOZYSZ nickel oxide and a dinoreconia obtained by dissolving yttrium as a fuel electrode. This is because this substance has high electronic conductivity and can reduce IR loss.
- the Ni ⁇ / YSZ ratio of 50/50 to 90/10 by weight is preferable because high electronic conductivity can be realized and durability performance can be effectively prevented from lowering due to aggregation of Ni particles.
- NiO / CSZ zirconia in which Ni / SSZ or NiO / calcium is dissolved
- YSZ is cheaper than SSZ, so YSZ is more preferred.
- CSZ is even cheaper than YSZ, so NiO / CSZ is the most preferred in terms of cost.
- Ni / CSZ also becomes Ni / CSZ under the fuel gas atmosphere of the solid oxide fuel cell.
- the method of preparing the fuel electrode raw material is not particularly limited as long as the fuel electrode materials such as NiO / SSZ and NiO / YSZ are uniformly mixed, and examples thereof include a coprecipitation method and a spray drying method. .
- An air-side electrode reaction layer should be provided between the air electrode and the electrolyte to promote the reaction of Is preferred.
- the air-side electrode reaction layer preferably has high oxygen ion conductivity.
- the composition further has electronic conductivity because the above reaction can be further promoted.
- the material has a low coefficient of thermal expansion with the electrolyte and a material having low reactivity with the air electrode and good adhesion.
- a lanthanum manganese represented by LaAMnO (where A is Ca or Sr)
- the composition has a satisfactory composition. By being in this composition range, high electron conductivity can be secured, lanthanum hydroxide is prevented from being generated, and a high-output fuel cell can be realized.
- the lanthanum manganite is dissolved in Ce, Sm, Gd, Pr, Nd, Co, Al, Fe, Cr, Ni, etc., in addition to Sr or Ca. Even if it is good.
- those having the composition represented by (La, A) (Mn, Ni) O in which Ni is dissolved in solid form are La Zr O
- the SSZ of the air-side electrode reaction layer in the present invention further includes Ce S, Sm ⁇ , GdO, Bi
- O or the like may be dissolved in a solid solution of about 5 mol% or less. Also, two or more kinds may be dissolved. this
- the solid solution of these materials is preferable because improvement in oxygen ion conductivity can be expected.
- the solid solution amount of scandia in the SSZ of the air-side electrode reaction layer is about 312 mol%, more preferably about 812 mol% from the viewpoint of oxygen ion conductivity.
- the air-side electrode reaction layer is composed of lanthanum manganite, S SZ, and a general formula (Ce ⁇ ) (BO) (where B is any one of Sm, Gd, and Y) Or X
- cerium oxide represented by the formula: Presence of cerium oxide
- the mixing amount of cerium oxide is
- the air-side electrode reaction layer comprises a perovskite oxide containing manganese and nickel oxide, an oxide containing dinoreconia, a cerium oxide, or lanthanum and gallium. It is preferable to be made of a mixed conductive ceramic with a perovskite-type oxide containing, and to have open pores communicating with each other.
- the perovskite-type oxide containing manganese and nickel is preferably (Ln
- Group power consisting of Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu Any four or more of the selected powers, A represents either Ca or Sr, and X represents 0.15 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.3, y satisfies 0.97 ⁇ y ⁇ l, and z satisfies 0.02 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.10).
- the oxide containing zirconia preferably refers to zirconia in which scandia is dissolved or zirconia in which scandia and yttria are dissolved.
- cerium oxide is preferably a compound of the formula (Ce ⁇ ) Q Q) (where J is Sm
- the content of the perovskite oxide containing manganese and nickel in the air-side electrode reaction layer is preferably about 30 to 70% by weight.
- the air-side electrode reaction layer is composed of at least two layers: a first layer on the air electrode side and a second layer on the electrolyte side. It's preferable.
- the first layer is a layer in which an oxide having electron conductivity and an oxide having oxygen ion conductivity are uniformly mixed and has open pores communicating with each other. .
- the oxide having electronic conductivity is preferably an oxide having electronic conductivity and being stable in the air atmosphere of a solid oxide fuel cell. More specifically, Sr or Ca is preferably solidified. Melted Lantern manga night. Considering that the diffusion of manganese into the electrolyte is small, and that the electron conductivity is high, (La A) MnO (where A represents Ca or Sr,
- the lanthanum manganite may be a solid solution of Ce, Sm, Pr, Nd, Co, Al, Fe, Ni, Cr and the like. In particular, it is preferable to dissolve Ni.
- the displacement force which is 0.15 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.3, 0.97 ⁇ y ⁇ l, 0.02 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.10) is the force S preferred.
- Examples of the oxide having oxygen ion conductivity in the first layer include oxygen ion conductivity, which may be stable as long as it is stable in an air atmosphere of a solid oxide fuel cell.
- Examples thereof include SSZ, ScYSZ, YSZ, cerium-containing oxides, and perovskite-type oxides containing at least lanthanum and gallium (hereinafter referred to as lanthanum gallate-based oxides).
- the solid solution amount of scandia in the SSZ as the first layer is preferably in the range of 3 to 12 mol%. Further, the total solid solution amount of scandia and yttria in ScYSZ as the first layer is preferably in the range of 3 to 12 mol%. Further, the preferred amount of yttria in YSZ for the first layer is in the range of 3 to 12 mol%. If the amount of solid solution of scandia or yttria becomes excessive, the crystal phase will generate rhombohedral crystals in addition to cubic, and oxygen ion conductivity will decrease.Scandia and yttria are expensive materials and oxygen ion conductivity. It should be noted that it is not practical to form a solid solution to the point where In addition, SSZ and ScYSZ include a small amount selected from Ce ⁇ , Sm ⁇ , Gd O Yb O, and Er O forces.
- At least one kind of oxide may be dissolved in 5 mol% or less. Good oxygen ion conductivity can be ensured.
- cerium-containing oxide as the first layer is represented by the general formula (Ce ⁇ ) Q ⁇ )
- J is any one of Sm, Gd, and Y, and is represented by 0.05 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 0.15).
- E ⁇ or La D Ga EL ⁇ (where D is one or more of Sr, Ca, Ba, E b 3 1 aa 1— b— cbc 3 Is preferably one or more of Mg, Al, and In, and L is one or more of Co, Fe, Ni, and Cr).
- the oxide having preferable electron conductivity and the oxide having oxygen ion conductivity have been exemplified as the first layer.
- the first layer has both electron conductivity and oxygen ion conductivity. May be. Examples thereof include a lanthanum cobaltite-based oxide which is an oxide containing at least lanthanum and cobalt.
- the second layer has at least oxygen ion conductivity, has an action of suppressing the diffusion of a manganese component into the electrolyte, and has open pores communicating therewith.
- the pore size is preferably 0.1 to 10 ⁇
- the porosity is preferably 3 to 40%
- the thickness is preferably 5 to 50 / im.
- a material having high oxygen ion conductivity and low sinterability that is, a material that does not easily diffuse manganese into the electrolyte is preferable for the above reason.
- a material having an action of absorbing manganese diffused from the air electrode is preferable.
- SSZ and cerium-containing oxides are representative.
- the sinterability is higher than that of SSZ, the use of ScYSZ is also preferable from the viewpoint of improving the adhesion between the first layer and the electrolyte.
- manganese diffused from the air electrode has an action of absorbing manganese.
- the SSZ and the cerium-containing oxide as the second layer may be the same as those described in the first layer.
- ScYSZ may be the same as that of the first layer, but the ratio of scandia to the total amount of scandia and yttria in ScYSZ is preferably 20 mol% or more. If the scandium is too small, the effect of suppressing the diffusion of manganese is reduced.
- ScYSZ contains Ce ⁇ and Sm O
- At least one oxide selected is 5 mol% or less
- the air-side electrode reaction layer of the present invention is composed of two layers
- the first layer is a mixture of a perovskite-type oxide containing manganese and zirconia in which scandia and / or yttria are dissolved and has open pores communicating with each other.
- the first layer is a mixture of a perovskite-type oxide containing manganese and a cerium-containing oxide and having open pores communicating with each other, and the second layer is a solid solution of scandia.
- a zirconia which has a higher porosity than the electrolyte,
- the first layer is a mixture of a perovskite-type oxide containing manganese and a perovskite-type oxide containing lanthanum and gallium and having open pores communicating with each other.
- the first layer is a perovskite-type oxide containing lanthanum and cobalt and has open pores communicating with each other, and the second layer is dinorecoure in which scandia is dissolved as a solid solution. Also having a large porosity,
- the first layer is a mixture of a perovskite-type oxide containing manganese and zirconia in which scandia and z or yttria are dissolved, and has a continuous open pore;
- the second layer is made of cerium oxide having a higher porosity than the electrolyte.
- the diameter dl of the pores of the air electrode and the diameter d2 of the pores of the first layer it is preferable to satisfy the relationship of the pore diameter d3 of the second layer and the force dl>d2> d3 from the viewpoint of realizing a fuel cell having excellent power output characteristics.
- the thickness of the first layer and the thickness of the second layer may be determined as appropriate, but preferably the thickness of the second layer is 550 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the first layer is Is 550 ⁇ m.
- a porous layer is provided between the fuel electrode and the electrolyte.
- this porous layer is made of a fluorite-type oxide containing zirconia, has a thickness of 5-40 / im, and has a porosity larger than that of the electrolyte.
- the manganese content on the surface of the porous layer on the fuel electrode side is 0.3 to 4% by weight. .
- the content of the manganese component on the surface of the porous layer on the fuel electrode side is preferably 0.6 to 3.5% by weight, more preferably 0 to 3.5% by weight. 9-3% by weight.
- the porous layer functions not only to suppress the diffusion of manganese to the fuel electrode, but also to efficiently move oxygen ions that have moved the electrolyte to the fuel electrode.
- the porous layer preferably has high oxygen ion conductivity. It is also important to control the thickness of the porous layer so that manganese from the electrolyte is not diffused to the anode and the output performance is not reduced by the resistance of the material itself. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the porous layer is preferably 5 to 40 zm.
- the porous layer preferably has a porosity of 330% from the viewpoint of output performance and durability performance, and the pore diameter of the porous layer is preferably about 0.05 to 2 zm.
- the pore diameter of the porous layer is preferably about 0.05 to 2 zm.
- the porosity al of the electrolyte, the porosity a2 of the porous layer made of the fluorite-type oxide, and the porosity a3 of the fuel electrode are & 1 ⁇ & 2.
- ⁇ It is preferable to satisfy the relationship of & 3.
- the fluorite-type oxide containing zirconia constituting the porous layer is stable under a fuel gas atmosphere of a solid oxide fuel cell and has an oxygen ion conductivity.
- Higher materials are preferred SSZ, ScYSZ, and YSZ are preferred. These SSZ, ScYSZ, and YSZ may be the same as those constituting the air-side electrode reaction layer except for physical properties required for the porous layer. Further, the preferred embodiment may be the same.
- a fuel-side electrode reaction layer between the electrolyte and the fuel electrode in order to efficiently perform the reaction at the fuel electrode and improve the output performance.
- the meaning of the term “layer in contact with the fuel electrode” means that the fuel-side electrode reaction layer is provided. This means a layer in contact with the fuel-side electrode reaction layer.
- NiO / SSZ or Ni / SSZ which has both excellent electron conductivity and oxygen ion conductivity, is preferably used.
- NiO is reduced in a fuel atmosphere to become Ni, and the fuel-side electrode reaction layer becomes Ni / SSZ.
- the ratio of NiO / SSZ is preferably 10 / 90-50 / 50 by weight, because good electronic conductivity and oxygen ion conductivity can be realized.
- the solid solution amount of scandia in the SSZ constituting the fuel-side electrode reaction layer is preferably about 3 to 12 mol% because the reaction in the fuel electrode having high oxygen ion conductivity can be promoted.
- Masire, This SSZ is further divided into Ce ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , Sm ⁇ , Gd ⁇ , Bi ⁇
- One, two or more of 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 may be dissolved in 5 mol% or less. By dissolving them, not only the improvement of oxygen ion conductivity but also the improvement of electron conductivity under fuel gas atmosphere can be expected.
- NiO, SSZ, and cerium are used as the fuel-side electrode reaction layer.
- a layer in which oxides are uniformly mixed at a predetermined weight ratio (hereinafter, NiO / SSZ / cerium oxide) can be preferably used.
- This layer has the advantage of high oxygen ion conductivity and high electron conductivity in a fuel gas atmosphere.
- Ni ⁇ is reduced to Ni in a fuel gas atmosphere, and this layer becomes Ni / SSZZ cerium oxide.
- the cerium oxide is not particularly limited as long as it is an oxide containing cerium, but the general formula (CeO)
- the interconnector of the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention has high electronic conductivity, no gas permeability, and redox atmosphere in the air atmosphere and fuel gas atmosphere at the power generation temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell. Those that are stable to are preferred. From this viewpoint, the use of lanthanum chromite is preferred.
- (La Ax) is provided between the air electrode and the interconnector.
- a dense pre-coat layer may be provided.
- This precoat layer is advantageous because the calcium chromate component, which is a sintering aid component of lanthanum chromite in which Ca is dissolved, can be effectively prevented from diffusing into the air electrode.
- the dense pre-coat layer means a pressure between one side of the pre-coat layer and the opposite side. When provided with a force difference, it is evaluated in a gas permeation quantity of transmitted therebetween, gas permeation Q ⁇ 1.4 X 10 - preferably those at 7 ms- ⁇ a- 1 or more.
- the interconnector is called a separator, and the role is the same as that of the interconnector.
- a separator a heat-resistant metal such as ferrite stainless steel may be used.
- the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention can be manufactured by a suitable manufacturing method in consideration of its shape and the like. In the case of a cylindrical type as shown in FIG. 1, it can be manufactured as follows.
- an air electrode portion serving as a support is mixed with a perovskite-type oxide containing at least manganese as a raw material and other components, preferably together with a binder, and the mixture is extruded and molded by a molding method. Then, after removing the binder at a temperature of about 300 to 500 ° C, baking is performed at about 1400 to 500 ° C to obtain a high strength porous air electrode support.
- the firing method there are a hanging firing method and a horizontal firing method, but a horizontal firing method is preferable.
- an air-side electrode reaction layer, an electrolyte, an interconnector, and a fuel electrode are formed on the surface of the obtained air electrode support.
- a wet method is preferable from the viewpoint of cost.
- a wet method a dipping method in which a slurry is prepared from a raw material powder, a binder, and a solvent, and immersed in the slurry to form an electrode, and a screen that forms a film through a screen using a paste having a higher viscosity than the slurry
- Examples of the method include a printing method and a sheet bonding method in which a sheet formed on another substrate such as a pet film is attached to the cell surface.
- the air-side electrode reaction layer and the electrolyte are interconnected and the fuel electrode are preferably selected by the diving method.
- a screen printing method or a sheet bonding method which is a masking-less method, is preferable.
- the cell formed by the above method is sintered at a temperature of about 1300 to 1500 ° C below the temperature of the air electrode support. Is preferably performed.
- a synthesis method is preferable, in the present invention using a perovskite-type oxide containing at least manganese as the air electrode support, there is a possibility that the output performance may be significantly reduced due to the diffusion of manganese. There is also.
- the surface of the electrolyte membrane was observed by SEM using S-4100 manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd., and the fuel electrode side surface of the electrolyte was photographed at a magnification of 300 times. Furthermore, the particle size distribution of the particles was calculated by the Branimetric method using the photographed images. The average crystal grain size was also measured. That is, a circle with a known area (A) is drawn on a photograph, and the number of particles N per unit area is obtained from the number of particles n in the circle and the number of particles n exerted on the circumference by the following formula.
- N (n + l / 2n) / (A / m 2 )
- the 3% diameter in the particle size distribution on the film surface refers to the third equivalent particle size when 100 crystal grain sizes are measured by the Branimetric method and arranged in ascending order of particle size.
- the diameter refers to the particle size corresponding to the 97th. It should be noted that even when particles seemed to be joined by sintering, if a grain boundary was observed, the measurement was performed by regarding the particles as separate particles.
- Power generation test A power generation test was performed using the prepared battery (fuel electrode effective area: 150 cm 2 ). The operating conditions were as follows.
- the temperature was lowered to room temperature with the current density lowered to OAcm- 2, and then the temperature was raised again to 800 ° C and held for 500 hours under the same conditions. After the temperature was lowered to room temperature while the current density was lowered to OAcm- 2 again, the temperature was raised to 800 ° C and maintained for 500 hours under the same conditions. In this way, a total of 2,000 hours of durability tests including two heat cycles were performed.
- the manganese content on the fuel electrode side surface of the electrolyte was examined.
- the manganese content was measured using a Shimadzu electron beam microanalyzer EPMA-8705 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. The measurement conditions were as follows.
- Electrolyte force A cross-sectional photograph of the fuel electrode was taken with an SEM, and the voids and particles were traced on a transparent film with different colors. It was determined by subjecting the color-coded film to image processing and calculating the ratio of voids.
- the pore diameter was determined by the following method. Disconnect the battery and cut from the air electrode to the fuel electrode Polish the surface until a mirror surface appears. From the air electrode to the electrode reaction layer, take a cross-sectional photograph with SEM, and trace the gaps and particles on a transparent film by color coding. The size of the void is measured. For example, when the void is equivalent to a circle, the diameter is the pore diameter, and when the void is equivalent to a square, the length of one side is calculated as the pore diameter.
- the pore diameter of 0.1 to 10 zm means that the pore diameter was measured in the third to 97th range when 100 pore diameters were measured by the above-described method and arranged in ascending order of diameter. It refers to the one corresponding to the second pore size. That is, it means that the pore diameter in the range of 3% to 97% and corresponding to the 50% diameter is 0.1 0 ⁇ .
- a heat treatment was performed to obtain an air electrode raw material powder.
- the average particle size was 30 / m.
- a cylindrical molded body was produced by an extrusion molding method, and was further calcined at 1500 ° C to obtain an air electrode support.
- This slurry was formed into a film on the above-mentioned air electrode support (outside diameter: 15 mm, wall thickness: 1.5 mm, effective length: 400 mm) by a slurry coating method, and then sintered at 1400 ° C.
- the thickness was 20 ⁇ m.
- the electrolyte was 90 mol% ZrO-10 mol% ScO.
- the prepared slurry was formed into a film on the air-side electrode reaction layer by a slurry coating method and fired at 1400 ° C.
- the thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 ⁇ m.
- the portion where the interconnector film is formed in a later step is masked so that the film is not applied.
- the fuel-side electrode reaction layer was NiO / 90 mol% ZrO-10 mol% ScO.
- Types were made. The average particle diameter was 0.5 ⁇ in all cases.
- 100 parts by weight of this powder 500 parts by weight of an organic solvent (ethanol), 10 parts by weight of Noku Inda (ethyl cellulose), 5 parts by weight of a dispersant (polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate), and an antifoaming agent (sorbitan sesquiolate)
- ethanol organic solvent
- Noku Inda ethyl cellulose
- a dispersant polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate
- an antifoaming agent sorbitan sesquiolate
- Each of the aqueous solutions of 222, Zr, and Y was mixed so as to have the above-mentioned composition, and then coprecipitated with oxalic acid. Further, after heat treatment was performed to control the particle size, a raw material was obtained. The average particle size was 2 xm. 100 parts by weight of this powder, 500 parts by weight of an organic solvent (ethanol), 20 parts by weight of a binder (ethyl cellulose), 5 parts by weight of a dispersant (polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate), and an antifoaming agent (sorbitan sesquiolate) 1 part by weight, plasticizer (DBP) 5 parts by weight After mixing the parts, the mixture was sufficiently stirred to prepare a slurry. The viscosity of this slurry was 250 mPas.
- the thickness (after firing) was 10 ⁇ m.
- a fuel electrode slurry was formed thereon by a slurry coating method.
- the thickness (after firing) was 90 zm. Further, firing was performed at 1400 ° C.
- the raw material powder was prepared by spray pyrolysis and then heat-treated.
- the average particle size of the obtained powder was 1 ⁇ m.
- 40 parts by weight of the powder are 100 parts by weight of a solvent (ethanol), 2 parts by weight of a binder (ethyl cellulose), 1 part by weight of a dispersant (polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate), and 1 part by weight of an antifoaming agent (sorbitan sesquiolate) 1
- the mixture was mixed sufficiently with the mixture and stirred sufficiently to prepare a slurry.
- the viscosity of this slurry was 100 mPas.
- An interconnector was formed by a slurry coating method and fired at 1400 ° C. The thickness after firing was 40 ⁇ m.
- a solid oxide fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the firing temperature of the electrolyte was 1360 ° C.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the firing temperature of the electrolyte was 1380 ° C.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the firing temperature of the electrolyte was 1420 ° C.
- Example Al_5 A fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the firing temperature of the electrolyte was 1440 ° C.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the firing temperature of the electrolyte was 1340 ° C.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the firing temperature of the electrolyte was 1460 ° C.
- Example 2 Electrolyte Force A fuel cell which is a layer composed of YSZ.
- Examples A1-1 and A-1 were the same except that the electrolyte composition was 90 mol% Zr ⁇ _10 mol% YO.
- the composition of the electrolyte is 90 mol% Zr ⁇ -10 mol% YO, and the sintering temperature of the electrolyte is 135 mol%.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example A1-1 except that the temperature was 0 ° C.
- the composition of the electrolyte is 90 mol% Zr ⁇ -10 mol% YO, and the firing temperature of the electrolyte is 138%.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example A1-1 except that the temperature was 0 ° C.
- the composition of the electrolyte is 90 mol% Zr ⁇ -10 mol% YO, and the sintering temperature of the electrolyte is 141 mol%.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example A1-1 except that the temperature was 0 ° C.
- the composition of the electrolyte is 90molQ /. Zr ⁇ -10 mol% Y O, and the sintering temperature of the electrolyte was 142
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example A1-1 except that the temperature was 0 ° C.
- the composition of the electrolyte is 90molQ /. Zr ⁇ -10 mol% Y O, and the sintering temperature of the electrolyte is 133
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example A1-1 except that the temperature was 0 ° C.
- Comparative Example A2-2 The composition of the electrolyte is 90 mol% Zr ⁇ -10 mol% YO, and the firing temperature of the electrolyte is
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example Al-1, except that the temperature was 0 ° C.
- Example 3 Fuel cell in which the electrolyte is a layer composed of SSZZYSZ
- composition of the electrolyte is 90 mol% Zr ⁇ -5 mol% ScO -5 mol% YO
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example A1-1.
- composition of the electrolyte is 90 mol% ZrO -5 mol% ScO -5 mol% YO,
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example Al-1, except that the firing temperature was 1350 ° C.
- composition of the electrolyte is 90 mol% ZrO -5 mol% ScO -5 mol% YO,
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example Al-1, except that the firing temperature was 1380 ° C.
- composition of the electrolyte is 90 mol% ZrO_5 mol% ScO_5 mol% YO,
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example Al-1, except that the firing temperature was 1420 ° C.
- composition of the electrolyte is 90 mol% ZrO_5 mol% ScO_5 mol% YO,
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example Al-1, except that the firing temperature was 1,430 ° C.
- the fuel cell obtained as described above was subjected to a particle size distribution, a gas leak test, a power generation test, and a durability test. The results were as shown in the following display.
- Example A4 Fuel cell having, as an electrolyte, a layer made of SSZ on the air electrode side and a layer made of YSZ on the fuel electrode side
- a layer composed of SSZ of 90 mol% ZrO — 10 mol% ScO was formed by a slurry coating method.
- a YSZ layer of 90 mol% ZrO -10 mol% Y ⁇ was formed thereon by a slurry coating method, and then fired at 1400 ° C.
- the thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 ⁇ m (layer made of SSZ: 15 ⁇ m, layer made of YSZ: 15 / m). Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- a layer composed of 90 mol% ZrO and 10 mol% Sc ⁇ SSZ was formed by a slurry coating method.
- a YSZ layer of 90 mol% ZrO-10 mol% Y 2 O was formed thereon by a slurry coating method, and then fired at 1350 ° C.
- the thickness of the obtained electrolyte was a layer composed of SOzn ⁇ SSZ force: 15 ⁇ , a layer composed of YSZ: 15 ⁇ m). Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- a layer composed of SSZ of 90 mol% ZrO -10 mol% Sc ⁇ was formed by a slurry coating method.
- a YSZ layer of 90 mol% ZrO -10 mol% Y ⁇ was formed thereon by a slurry coating method, and then fired at 1380 ° C.
- the thickness was 30/1111 (332 layers: 15111, YSZ layer: 15 / im). Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method. On top of this, 90 mol% ZrO -10 mol% Y ⁇ YSZ
- Example A1-1 After forming a strong layer by a slurry coating method, it was baked at 1415 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was a layer composed of SOzn ⁇ SSZ force: 15 x m, and a layer composed of YSZ: 15 ⁇ m). Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method. On top of this, 90 mol% ZrO -10 mol% Y ⁇ YSZ
- Example A1-1 After forming a strong layer by a slurry coating method, it was sintered at 1425 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 111 (a layer composed of 332: 15/1111, a layer composed of YSZ: 15 ⁇ m). Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method. On top of this, 90 mol% ZrO _ 10 mol% Y ⁇ YSZ
- Example A1-1 After forming a strong layer by the slurry coating method, it was baked at 1330 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30/1 111 (a layer composed of 332: 15 111, a layer composed of YSZ: 15 / im). Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method. On top of this, 90 mol% ZrO -10 mol% Y ⁇ YSZ
- Example A1-1 After forming a strong layer by the slurry coating method, it was sintered at 1440 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 ⁇ m (SSZ force, layer composed of 15 ⁇ , layer composed of YSZ: 15 ⁇ m). Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- Example A5 As an electrolyte, a fuel cell having a layer made of YSZ on the air electrode side and a layer made of SSZ on the fuel electrode side
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method. On top of this, 90mol% ZrO _10mol% Sc ⁇ SSZ
- Example A1-1 After a layer having a strength of 2 23 was formed by the slurry coating method, it was baked at 1400 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 111 ( ⁇ 32, a layer composed of 15111, a layer composed of SSZ: 15 ⁇ m). Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- Example A5-2 On the air-side electrode reaction layer, a layer composed of 90 mol% ZrO and 10 mol% Y
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method. On top of this, 90mol% ZrO _10mol% Sc ⁇ SSZ
- Example A1-1 After forming a layer having a high strength by a slurry coating method, it was baked at 1350 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 ⁇ 111 ( ⁇ 32, a layer composed of 15 ⁇ 111, a layer composed of SSZ: 15 ⁇ m). Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method. On top of this, 90mol% ZrO _10mol% Sc ⁇ SSZ
- Example A1-1 After forming a layer having a high strength by a slurry coating method, it was baked at 1380 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 ⁇ 111 ( ⁇ 32, a layer composed of 15 ⁇ 111, a layer composed of SSZ: 15 ⁇ m). Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method. On top of this, 90mol% ZrO _10mol% Sc ⁇ SSZ
- Example A1-1 After forming a layer having a high strength by a slurry coating method, it was baked at 1420 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30/1111 ( ⁇ 32 layers: 15/1111, SSZ layer: 15 / im). Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method. On top of this, 90mol% ZrO _10mol% Sc ⁇ SSZ
- Example A1-1 After forming a layer having a high strength by a slurry coating method, it was baked at 1430 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 ⁇ 111 ( ⁇ 32, a layer composed of 15 ⁇ 111, a layer composed of SSZ: 15 ⁇ m). Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method. On top of this, 90mol% ZrO _10mol% Sc ⁇ SSZ
- Example Al-1 After forming a layer having a high strength by a slurry coating method, it was baked at 1330 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 ⁇ 111 ( ⁇ 32, a layer composed of 15 ⁇ 111, a layer composed of SSZ: 15 ⁇ m). It A fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example Al-1, except for the above.
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method. On top of this, SSZ which is 90mol% ZrO _10mol% Sc O
- Example A1-1 After a layer having a strength of 2 23 was formed by the slurry coating method, it was baked at 1450 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 ⁇ 111 ( ⁇ 32, a layer composed of 15 ⁇ 111, a layer composed of SSZ: 15 ⁇ m). Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- the fuel cell obtained as described above was subjected to a particle size distribution, a gas leakage test, a power generation test, and a durability test. The results were as shown in the following display.
- Example A6 Fuel cell in which the electrolyte has a three-layer structure
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method.
- the YSZ force which is 90 mol% ZrO _ 10 mol% Y ⁇
- This layer was formed by a slurry coating method.
- Example A1-1 After a layer of SSZ was formed by a slurry coating method, it was baked at 1400 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 ⁇ m (layer composed of SSZ on the air side: 10 ⁇ m, layer composed of YSZ: 10 ⁇ m, layer composed of SSZ on the fuel electrode side: 10 ⁇ m). Was. Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method.
- the YSZ force which is 90 mol% ZrO _ 10 mol% Y ⁇
- This layer was formed by a slurry coating method.
- Example A1-1 After a layer of SSZ was formed by the slurry coating method, it was baked at 1360 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 ⁇ m (layer composed of SSZ on the air side: 10 ⁇ m, layer composed of YSZ: 10 / im, layer composed of SSZ on the fuel electrode side: 10 / m). Was. Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method. On top of this, 90 mol% ZrO _ 10 mol% Y ⁇
- This layer was formed by a slurry coating method.
- Example A1-1 After a layer of SSZ was formed by the slurry coating method, it was baked at 1380 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 ⁇ m (layer composed of SSZ on the air side: 10 ⁇ m, layer composed of YSZ: 10 ⁇ m, layer composed of SSZ on the fuel electrode side: 10 ⁇ m). Was. Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method.
- the YSZ force which is 90 mol% ZrO _ 10 mol% Y ⁇
- This layer was formed by a slurry coating method.
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method.
- the YSZ force which is 90 mol% ZrO _ 10 mol% Y ⁇
- This layer was formed by a slurry coating method.
- Example A1-1 After a layer of SSZ was formed by the slurry coating method, it was baked at 1440 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 ⁇ m (layer composed of SSZ on the air side: 10 ⁇ m, layer composed of YSZ: 10 ⁇ m, layer composed of SSZ on the fuel electrode side: 10 ⁇ m). Was. Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method. On top of this, 90 mol% ZrO _ 10 mol% Y ⁇
- This layer was formed by a slurry coating method.
- a layer made of SSZ was formed by a slurry coating method, it was sintered at 1330 ° C.
- the thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 ⁇ m (the layer composed of SSZ on the air side: 10 ⁇ m, the layer composed of YSZ: 10 / im, the layer composed of SSZ on the fuel electrode side: 10 ⁇ ). Otherwise, in the same manner as in Example A1-1, a fuel cell was obtained.
- a film was formed by a slurry coating method.
- the YSZ force which is 90 mol% ZrO _ 10 mol% Y ⁇
- This layer was formed by a slurry coating method.
- Example A1-1 After a layer of SSZ was formed by the slurry coating method, it was sintered at 1450 ° C. The thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 ⁇ m (layer composed of SSZ on the air side: 10 ⁇ m, layer composed of YSZ: 10 ⁇ m, layer composed of SSZ on the fuel electrode side: 10 ⁇ m). Otherwise, as in Example A1-1 Thus, a fuel cell was obtained.
- the fuel cell obtained as described above was subjected to a particle size distribution, a gas leak test, a power generation test, and a durability test. The results were as shown in the following display.
- composition of the electrolyte membrane is 90 mol% Zr ⁇ -5 mol% ScO -5 mol% YO, 1420 ° C
- Example A1-1 a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example A1-1, except that the thickness was 8 zm.
- Example A7_2 The composition of the electrolyte membrane is 90 mol% Zr ⁇ -5 mol% ScO-5 mol% YO, 1420 ° C
- Example Al-1 a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example Al-1, except that the thickness was 10 / m.
- composition of the electrolyte membrane is 90 mol% Zr ⁇ -5 mol% Sc ⁇ -5 mol% YO, 1420 ° C
- Example A1-1 a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example A1-1, except that the thickness was 15 zm.
- composition of the electrolyte membrane is 90 mol% Zr ⁇ -5 mol% ScO -5 mol% Y ⁇ , 1420 ° C
- Example Al-1 a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example Al-1, except that the thickness was 30 zm.
- composition of the electrolyte membrane is 90 mol% Zr ⁇ -5 mol% ScO -5 mol% YO, 1420 ° C
- Example A1-1 a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example A1-1, except that the thickness was 50 / m.
- composition of the electrolyte membrane is 90 mol% Zr ⁇ -5 mol% ScO— 5 mol% YO, 1420 ° C
- Example Al-1 a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example Al-1, except that the thickness was 80 / m.
- composition of the electrolyte membrane is 90 mol% ZrO— 5 mol% ScO— 5 mol% Y ⁇ , 1420 ° C
- Example Al-1 a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example Al-1, except that the thickness was 100 ⁇ .
- composition of the electrolyte membrane is 90 mol% Zr ⁇ -5 mol% ScO -5 mol% Y ⁇ , 1420 ° C
- Example A1-1 a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example A1-1, except that the thickness was 120 ⁇ .
- An SSZ material represented by 90 mol% ZrO -10 mol% ScO was prepared as an electrolyte material.
- Each nitrate aqueous solution was prepared so as to have the above composition, and oxalic acid aqueous solution was added thereto for coprecipitation.
- the liquid obtained by co-precipitation was dried at about 200 ° C, pyrolyzed at 500 ° C, and heat-treated at 800 ° C to obtain a raw material powder.
- the average particle size was 0.5 / im.
- the powder After adding 1% by weight of the binder PVA to the SSZ material and kneading and drying the powder, the powder was uniaxially molded with a disk-shaped mold and pressed to 1000 kg / cm 2 to form the powder.
- the pressed body was sintered at 1430 ° C. After sintering, it was ground to a thickness of Slmm.
- the porosity of the fired pressed body was measured by the Archimedes method. The porosity was 0.8%, confirming that the electrolyte had no gas permeability.
- a mixed conductive ceramic material was prepared by uniformly mixing a perovskite-type oxide containing manganese and nickel and an oxide having oxygen ion conductivity. Its composition is (La
- a nitrate aqueous solution was obtained in the same manner.
- Each nitrate aqueous solution was prepared so as to have the above-mentioned composition, and oxalic acid aqueous solution was collected and coprecipitated.
- the solution obtained by coprecipitation was dried at about 200 ° C, pyrolyzed at 500 ° C, and heat-treated at 1200 ° C to obtain a raw material powder. Further, each raw material was mixed and heat-treated at 1300 ° C to obtain a raw material powder. By controlling the particle size, The average particle size of the powder was 2 ⁇ m.
- the paste was applied to one surface of the electrolyte of the pressed body by a screen printing method so as to have a diameter of 6 mm, and sintered at 1400 ° C.
- the thickness of the electrode after firing was 20 zm.
- a platinum electrode was applied on the electrode and the opposite side of the pressed body by a screen printing method so as to have a diameter of 6 mm, and sintered at 1100 ° C to obtain a fuel cell test piece.
- Example Bl Same as Example Bl except that it was prepared to be 50/50.
- Example Bl Same as Example Bl except that it was prepared to be 50/50.
- Example Bl Same as Example Bl except that it was prepared to be 50/50.
- Example Bl Same as Example Bl except that it was prepared to be 50/50.
- Example Bl Same as Example Bl except that it was prepared to be 50/50.
- the test piece obtained as described above was configured as shown in FIG. 7, and the reaction overvoltage was measured. That is, an electrode 11 made of mixed conductive ceramics is formed on one surface of an electrolyte 13 made of an SSZ material, a platinum electrode 12 is formed on the surface of the electrode 11, and a counter electrode 14 made of platinum is formed on the opposite surface. A reference electrode 15 made of platinum is formed on the side surface of the electrolyte 13, and two lead wires 16 are attached to the platinum electrode 12, and one lead wire 17 and 18 are attached to the counter electrode and the reference electrode, respectively. ing. After raising the temperature of the battery to 800 ° C in the atmosphere, the overvoltage was measured by the current interruption method.
- the current interruption method is a method of instantaneously interrupting the current flowing in the battery, and quantifying the overvoltage due to the reaction and the overvoltage due to the ohmic resistance from the voltage change at that time.
- the reaction overvoltage under the condition of 0.2 Acm- 2 was calculated. Generally, it is said that the lower the reaction overpotential is measured, the better the electrode characteristics are.
- Example B 1 Z value (mV) at Example B 1 0.05 25
- Example B 2 0.01 70
- Example B 3 0.02 45
- Example B 4 0.08 24
- Example B 5 0.10 38
- Example B 6 0.13 60 Comparative example B 1 0 80
- Example Bl Same as Example Bl except that it was prepared to be 50/50.
- Example Bl Same as Example Bl except that it was prepared to be 50/50.
- Example Bl Same as Example Bl except that it was prepared to be 50/50.
- Example Bl Same as Example Bl except that it was prepared to be 50/50.
- the weight ratio of mixed conductive ceramic electrodes is (La Sr) (Mn Ni) 0/90
- the weight ratio of mixed conductive ceramic electrodes is (La Sr) (Mn Ni) 0/90
- the weight ratio of mixed conductive ceramic electrodes is (La Sr) (Mn Ni) 0/90
- the weight ratio of mixed conductive ceramic electrodes is (La Sr) (Mn Ni) 0/90
- the weight ratio of mixed conductive ceramic electrodes is (La Sr) (Mn Ni) 0/90
- the weight ratio of mixed conductive ceramic electrodes is (La Sr) (Mn Ni) 0/90
- the mixed conductive ceramic electrode was adjusted to (La Sr) (Mn Ni) 0.
- a fuel cell test piece was obtained in the same manner as in Example Bl, except that the average particle size after firing at 1300 ° C was controlled to 2 ⁇ m.
- Example Bl except that the average particle size after firing at 1200 ° C was controlled to 2 ⁇ m using Z material. In the same manner as described above, a fuel cell test piece was obtained.
- Ln could be Sm or Y when expressed as 1—xxynNi) ⁇ . This power Ln
- a fuel cell test piece was obtained in the same manner as in B1.
- the mixed conductive ceramic electrode is made of (La Sr) (Mn Ni) O and (CeO) (
- Cerium-containing oxide represented by Sm 2 O 3 (hereinafter referred to as (La Sr) (Mn Ni
- Cerium-containing oxide represented by O-10mol% ScO and (CeO) (Sm ⁇ )
- a fuel cell test piece was obtained in the same manner as in Example Bl, except that it was fired.
- the mixed conductive ceramic electrode is made of (La Sr) (Mn Ni) O and La Sr G
- La Sr Ga Mg ⁇ is La O, SrCO, Ga ⁇ , Mg
- Example B a fuel cell test piece was obtained in the same manner as in Example B1, except that the respective powders were mixed and fired at 1300 ° C.
- % Y O 50/50 (weight ratio), except that it was prepared in the same manner as in Example Bl.
- Example B22 The powder was mixed with Mn ⁇ and baked at 1300 ° C in the same manner as in Example B22.
- Example B1 Heat treated at 200 ° C. Thereafter, a fuel cell test piece was obtained in the same manner as in Example B1, except that the respective powders were mixed and fired at 1300 ° C.
- the average particle size was 30 zm.
- a cylindrical molded body was produced by an extrusion molding method, and was baked at 1500 ° C to obtain an air electrode support.
- the pore diameter of the cathode support is 14 zm, the porosity is 45%, The thickness was 1.5 mm.
- the air-side electrode reaction layer is a layer in which a perovskite-type oxide containing manganese and nickel and YSZ are uniformly mixed, and the composition and its weight ratio are (La Sr) (Mn
- nitrate aqueous solutions of La, Sr, Mn, Ni, Zr and Y they were prepared to have the above-mentioned composition, and then coprecipitated with oxalic acid. Further heat treatment was performed to obtain a raw material powder having a controlled particle size. The average particle size was 5 xm. 40 parts by weight of this powder were mixed with 100 parts by weight of a solvent (ethanol), 2 parts by weight of a binder (ethyl cellulose), 1 part by weight of a dispersant (polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate), and 1 part by weight of an antifoaming agent (sorbitan sesquiolate). After mixing, the slurry was sufficiently stirred to prepare a slurry.
- a solvent ethanol
- ethyl cellulose ethyl cellulose
- a dispersant polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate
- an antifoaming agent sorbitan sesquiolate
- the slurry viscosity was 100 mPas.
- the slurry was formed on the surface of the above-prepared air electrode support (outside diameter: 15 mm, wall thickness: 1.5 mm, effective length: 400 mm) by a slurry coating method, and then sintered at 1400 ° C.
- the pore size of the formed layer was 5 ⁇ m , the porosity was 28%, and the thickness was 30 ⁇ m.
- the material of the electrolyte was YSZ, and its composition was 90 mol% ZrO_10 mol% YO.
- Y was prepared by using each nitrate aqueous solution to have the above-mentioned composition, and then coprecipitated with oxalic acid. Further heat treatment was performed to obtain a raw material powder having a controlled particle size. The average particle size was 0.5 ⁇ m. 40 parts by weight of this powder, 100 parts by weight of a solvent (ethanol), 2 parts by weight of a binder (ethyl cellulose), 1 part by weight of a dispersant (polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate), and an antifoaming agent (sorbitan sesquiolate) After mixing with 1 part by weight, the mixture was sufficiently stirred to prepare a slurry. This slurry had a viscosity of 140 mPas.
- the prepared slurry was formed into a film by the slurry coating method on the surface of the air-side electrode reaction layer prepared in (2) above, and sintered at 1400 ° C.
- the thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 x m.
- the portion where the interconnector was to be formed in a later step was masked, and the film was not coated so as to be removed.
- the diameters were all 0. 100 parts by weight of this powder and an organic solvent (ethanol) 5
- the electrolyte layer prepared in (4) above is masked so that the effective area becomes 150 cm 2 , and the slurry NiO / (ZrO) prepared in (5) is coated on the electrolyte layer by a slurry coating method.
- the film thickness (after sintering) was 10 ⁇ m.
- the fuel electrode material was NiO / YSZ and the composition was NiO / (ZrO) (Y ().
- the mixture was prepared to have the above-mentioned composition, and oxalic acid was precipitated. After the precipitate and the supernatant were dried, they were further subjected to a heat treatment to control the particle size and obtain a raw material. Its composition and its weight ratio is NiO / (ZrO) (
- the slurry prepared in (7) was formed on the fuel-side electrode reaction layer prepared in (6) by a slurry coating method.
- the film thickness (after sintering) was 90 xm.
- the fuel-side electrode reaction The layer and anode were co-sintered at 1400 ° C.
- Kuta was made. Powder was prepared by spray pyrolysis and then heat-treated. The average particle size of the obtained powder was 1 ⁇ m. 40 parts by weight of this powder are 100 parts by weight of a solvent (ethanol), 2 parts by weight of a binder (ethyl cellulose), 1 part by weight of a dispersant (polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate), and 1 part by weight of an antifoaming agent (sorbitan sesquiolate) 1 After that, the mixture was mixed well with the mixture and stirred sufficiently to prepare a slurry. The slurry viscosity was 100 mPas. An interconnector was formed by a slurry coating method and sintered at 1400 ° C. The thickness after sintering was 40 x m.
- the composition and weight ratio are La Sr MnO / 90mol% ZrO_1
- the mixture was prepared so as to have the above composition, and then coprecipitation with oxalic acid was performed.
- Table 7 shows the estimated potential after 40,000 hours, because the lifetime required for a stationary fuel cell is 40,000 hours. In general, it is considered that there is no problem if the potential decrease rate after 40,000 hours is 10% or less.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example 25 except that the thickness of the air-side electrode reaction layer was 3 ⁇ m.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example 25 except that the thickness of the air-side electrode reaction layer was set to 20 ⁇ m .
- Example B30 A fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example 25 except that the thickness of the air-side electrode reaction layer was 55 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the air-side electrode reaction layer is more preferably in the range of 5-50 / m from the viewpoint of output performance and durability performance.
- the material of the second air-side electrode reaction layer is SSZ, and its composition is 90 mol% ZrO -lOmol
- This slurry was formed into a film by slurry coating on the surface of the air-side electrode reaction layer obtained in Example B25 (2), and then sintered at 1400 ° C.
- the pore size of the second layer was 1.5 zm, the porosity was 14%, and the thickness was 10 zm.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as Example B25 except for the above.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example B31, except that the thickness of the second air-side electrode reaction layer was changed to 3 ⁇ m.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example B31, except that the thickness of the second air-side electrode reaction layer was set to 5 ⁇ m.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example B31, except that the thickness of the second air-side electrode reaction layer was set to 30 ⁇ m.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example B31, except that the thickness of the second air-side electrode reaction layer was set to 50 ⁇ m.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example B31, except that the thickness of the second air-side electrode reaction layer was set to 55 ⁇ m.
- the thickness is in the range of 5-50 ⁇ .
- the material of the electrolyte is ScYSZ, and its composition is 90 mol% ZrO_5 mol% ScO-5 mol%
- Example B38 After combining, coprecipitation with oxalic acid was performed. Further heat treatment was performed to obtain a raw material powder having a controlled particle size. The average particle size was 0. A fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as Example B25 except for the above. [0251] Example B38
- the material of the electrolyte was SSZ, and its composition was 90 mol% Zr ⁇ _10 mol% ScO.
- the material of the electrolyte is SSZ with a composition of 90 mol% ZrO -10 mol% Sc ⁇ , and a composition of 90 mol%
- YSZ of l% ZrO-10mol% YO was used. YSZ slurry on the surface of the air-side electrode reaction layer
- Example B25 After the film was formed by one coat method, SSZ was formed on the YSZ surface by the slurry coat method and sintered at 1400 ° C. The thickness of each layer was 15 x m. A fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as Example B25 except for the above.
- the material of the electrolyte was SSZ with a composition of 90 mol% ZrO_10 mol% ScS, and a composition of 90 mol%
- YSZ was formed on the SSZ surface by the slurry coating method, and further, SSZ was formed on the YSZ surface by the slurry coating method.
- Each layer was co-sintered at 1400 ° C. The thickness of each layer was 10 ⁇ m. Except for the above, the procedure was the same as that of Example B25.
- Example B 25 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.54
- Example B 37 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.57
- Example B 38 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.58
- Example B 39 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.58
- Example B 40 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.59
- the first layer is a layer in which (La A) MnO and YSZ are uniformly mixed, and its composition and
- the aqueous solution of each of La, Sr, Mn, Zr and Y was mixed to have the above-mentioned composition, and then coprecipitated with oxalic acid. Further heat treatment was performed to obtain a raw material powder having a controlled particle size. The average particle size was 5 zm.
- 40 parts by weight of the powder of the first layer were mixed with 100 parts by weight of a solvent (ethanol), 2 parts by weight of a binder (ethyl cellulose), 1 part by weight of a dispersant (polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate), and a defoamer (sorbitan). (Sesquiolate) After mixing with 1 part by weight, the mixture was sufficiently stirred to prepare a slurry.
- the slurry viscosity was 100 mPas.
- the slurry was formed on a surface of an air electrode support (outside diameter: 15 mm, wall thickness: 1.5 mm, effective length: 400 mm) by a slurry coating method, and then sintered at 1400 ° C.
- the pore size of the first layer was 5 ⁇ , the porosity was 28%, and the thickness was 20 ⁇ .
- the material of the second layer was SSZ, and the composition was 90 mol% ZrO-10 mol% ScO.
- the respective compositions were prepared using the respective aqueous nitrate solutions of 230 r and Sc so as to have the above-mentioned composition, and then coprecipitated with oxalic acid. Further heat treatment was performed to obtain a raw material powder having a controlled particle size. The average particle size was 2 ⁇ m. 40 parts by weight of this powder are mixed with 100 parts by weight of a solvent (ethanol), 2 parts by weight of a binder (ethyl cellulose), 1 part by weight of a dispersant (polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate ester), and an antifoaming agent (sorbitan sesquiolate). After mixing with 1 part by weight, the mixture was sufficiently stirred to prepare a slurry.
- a solvent ethanol
- a binder ethyl cellulose
- a dispersant polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate ester
- an antifoaming agent sorbitan sesquiolate
- the slurry viscosity was 100 mPas. This slurry was sintered at 1400 ° C. after forming a film on the surface of the first layer by a slurry coating method.
- the pore size of the second layer was 1.5 ⁇ m, the porosity was 14%, and the thickness was 10 ⁇ m.
- the material of the electrolyte was YSZ, and the composition was 90 mol% ZrO-10 mol% YO.
- Y was prepared by using each nitrate aqueous solution to have the above-mentioned composition, and then coprecipitated with oxalic acid. Further heat treatment was performed to obtain a raw material powder having a controlled particle size. The average particle size was 0.5 ⁇ m. 40 parts by weight of this powder, 100 parts by weight of a solvent (ethanol), 2 parts by weight of a binder (ethyl cellulose), 1 part by weight of a dispersant (polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate), and a defoamer (sorbitan sesquiolate) After mixing with 1 part by weight, the mixture was sufficiently stirred to prepare a slurry. The slurry viscosity was 140 mPas.
- the prepared slurry was formed on the second layer by a slurry coating method, and sintered at 1400 ° C.
- the thickness of the obtained electrolyte was 30 / im.
- the portion where the interconnector was to be formed was subjected to masking, so that the film was not applied.
- the material of the fuel-side electrode reaction layer is Ni ⁇ / SSZ, and its composition is Ni ⁇ / (ZrO) (Sc
- the electrolyte layer prepared in (5) above is masked so that the effective area becomes 150 cm 2 , and Ni ⁇ / (Zr ⁇ ) (Sc O) (average particle diameter) is applied onto the electrolyte layer by a slurry coating method.
- Films were formed in the order of 20/80 (0.5 ⁇ m) and 50/50 (0.5 ⁇ m). The film thickness (after sintering) was 10 ⁇ m.
- the fuel electrode material was Ni ⁇ / YSZ and its composition was Ni ⁇ / (Zr ⁇ ) (Y O).
- a fuel electrode slurry was formed on the fuel-side electrode reaction layer by a slurry coating method.
- the film thickness (after sintering) was 90 x m.
- the fuel electrode reaction layer and the fuel electrode were co-sintered at 1400 ° C.
- composition of lanthanum chromite with a solid solution of Ca whose composition is represented by La Ca CrO
- Nectar was prepared. After being produced by the spray pyrolysis method, it was obtained by performing a heat treatment. The average particle size of the obtained powder was 1 ⁇ m. 40 parts by weight of this powder are mixed with 100 parts by weight of solvent (ethanol) Parts, a binder (ethyl cellulose) 2 parts by weight, a dispersant (polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate) 1 part by weight, and an antifoaming agent (sorbitan sesquiolate) 1 part by weight, and then sufficiently stirred. To prepare a slurry. The slurry viscosity was 100 mPas. An interconnector was formed by a slurry coating method and sintered at 1400 ° C. The thickness after sintering was 40 xm.
- the material of the air-side electrode reaction layer was YSZ, and its composition and weight ratio were 90 mol% ZrO-10 mol% YO. Using the respective nitrate aqueous solutions of Zr and Y,
- This slurry was formed into a film on the surface of the air electrode support by a slurry coating method, and then sintered at 1400 ° C. The thickness was 30 / im. Except for the above, a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example C1.
- the air-side electrode reaction layer is a layer in which (La A) MnO and YSZ are uniformly mixed,
- What was 50 was prepared and used. Using the aqueous solutions of the respective nitrates of La, Sr, Mn, Zr, and Y, the mixture was prepared to have the above-mentioned composition, and then coprecipitation with oxalic acid was performed. Further heat treatment was performed to obtain a raw material powder having a controlled particle size. The average particle size was 5 zm.
- the air-side electrode reaction layer is represented by (La A) MnO and the general formula (Ce ⁇ ) (Y ⁇ )
- the mixture was heat-treated at 1400 ° C., and the particle size was controlled to obtain a raw material powder.
- the average particle size was 5 x m. 40 parts by weight of this powder, 100 parts by weight of a solvent (ethanol), 2 parts by weight of a binder (ethyl cellulose), 1 part by weight of a dispersant (polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate), and an antifoaming agent (sorbitan sesquiolate) After mixing with 1 part by weight, the mixture was sufficiently stirred to prepare a slurry.
- the slurry viscosity was 100 mPas.
- the slurry was formed into a film on the surface of the cathode support by a slurry coating method and then sintered at 1400 ° C. The thickness was 30 ⁇ .
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as Example C1 except for the above.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example C3, except that the electrolyte was sintered at 1500 ° C.
- the average particle diameter of the raw material of the second layer was set to 0, and the film was formed on the surface of the first layer by the slurry coating method, and then sintered at 1350 ° C. A fuel cell was obtained.
- the average particle diameter of the raw material of the second layer was set to 0.5 ⁇ , and a film was formed on the surface of the first layer by a slurry coating method, and then sintered at 1380 ° C in the same manner as in Example C1. A fuel cell was obtained.
- the average particle size of the raw material of the second layer is set to 0.5 ⁇ , and the slurry coating method Then, a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example C1, except that sintering was performed at 1400 ° C.
- Example C1 In the same manner as in Example C1, except that the average particle diameter of the raw material of the second layer was set to 2 ⁇ m, a film was formed on the surface of the first layer by a slurry coating method, and then sintered at 1430 ° C. Thus, a fuel cell was obtained.
- Example C1 In the same manner as in Example C1, except that the average particle diameter of the raw material of the second layer was set to 5 ⁇ m, and a film was formed on the surface of the first layer by a slurry coating method, and then sintered at 1430 ° C. Thus, a fuel cell was obtained.
- Example C1 In the same manner as in Example C1, except that the average particle diameter of the raw material of the second layer was set to 5 ⁇ m, a film was formed on the surface of the first layer by a slurry coating method, and then sintered at 1450 ° C. Thus, a fuel cell was obtained.
- Example 5-7 to compare the gas permeability of the electrolyte layer preferably Q ⁇ 2.8X10- 9 ms- ⁇ a- In 1 preferred than a force Q ⁇ 2.8X10- 1 ⁇ 3 ms- ⁇ a- 1 Not in the range.
- Example C14 more preferable Q ⁇ 2.8X10— “s—Pa— 1 .
- the pore diameter dl of the air electrode and the pore diameter d2 of the first layer are considered. It can be seen that the pore diameter d3 of the second layer is preferably dl>d2> d3.
- the porosity of the second layer is more preferably 3-40%.
- Example C9 A fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example C1, except that the thickness of the second layer was 3 ⁇ m.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example C1, except that the thickness of the second layer was set to 5 ⁇ m.
- a fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example C1, except that the thickness of the second layer was 30 xm.
- Example C 11 A fuel cell was obtained in the same manner as in Example CI, except that the thickness of the second layer was set to 50 ⁇ .
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005512974A JP4362832B2 (ja) | 2003-08-06 | 2004-08-06 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池 |
| US10/567,239 US20070082254A1 (en) | 2003-08-06 | 2004-08-06 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
| CA002553074A CA2553074A1 (en) | 2003-08-06 | 2004-08-06 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003-288039 | 2003-08-06 | ||
| JP2003288039 | 2003-08-06 | ||
| JP2004-044204 | 2004-02-20 | ||
| JP2004044205 | 2004-02-20 | ||
| JP2004-044205 | 2004-02-20 | ||
| JP2004044204 | 2004-02-20 | ||
| JP2004-076403 | 2004-03-17 | ||
| JP2004076403 | 2004-03-17 | ||
| JP2004076402 | 2004-03-17 | ||
| JP2004-076402 | 2004-03-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005015671A1 true WO2005015671A1 (ja) | 2005-02-17 |
Family
ID=34139870
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/011368 Ceased WO2005015671A1 (ja) | 2003-08-06 | 2004-08-06 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4362832B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2553074A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2005015671A1 (ja) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006339034A (ja) * | 2005-06-02 | 2006-12-14 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 固体酸化物形燃料電池およびその製造方法 |
| JP2007149431A (ja) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-06-14 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 固体酸化物形燃料電池及びその作製方法 |
| JP2007324087A (ja) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-12-13 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 固体酸化物形燃料電池の空気極用セリア系バッファー層及びその製造方法 |
| JP2009520320A (ja) * | 2005-12-16 | 2009-05-21 | サン−ゴバン セラミックス アンド プラスティクス,インコーポレイティド | 電解質ドーパントを有する燃料電池構成体 |
| JP2010529591A (ja) * | 2007-05-16 | 2010-08-26 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 原子層堆積によってチューンされた固体酸化物形燃料電池構成要素 |
| JP2015046365A (ja) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-03-12 | 京セラ株式会社 | セル、セルスタック装置、モジュールおよびモジュール収納装置 |
| JP2015207487A (ja) * | 2014-04-22 | 2015-11-19 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | 低温作動型の固体酸化物形燃料電池およびその製造方法 |
| JP2016115600A (ja) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-06-23 | 株式会社日本触媒 | メタルサポートセル |
| JP2018006319A (ja) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-01-11 | ケーセラセル カンパニー リミテッド | 還元雰囲気安定性を改善した固体酸化物燃料電池用スカンジア安定化ジルコニア電解質 |
| JP2018056019A (ja) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 電気化学反応単セルの製造方法および電気化学反応セルスタックの製造方法 |
| JP2022094309A (ja) * | 2020-12-14 | 2022-06-24 | ブルーム エネルギー コーポレイション | 電気分解耐性の空気側電極を含む固体酸化物形電解槽セル |
Citations (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0536433A (ja) * | 1991-07-31 | 1993-02-12 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 固体電解質型燃料電池及びその製造方法 |
| JPH05190183A (ja) * | 1992-01-13 | 1993-07-30 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 固体電解質型燃料電池 |
| JPH08250135A (ja) * | 1995-03-14 | 1996-09-27 | Toho Gas Co Ltd | 固体電解質型燃料電池及びその電池セルの製造方法 |
| JPH08250134A (ja) * | 1995-03-14 | 1996-09-27 | Toho Gas Co Ltd | 固体電解質型燃料電池及びその電池セルの製造方法 |
| JPH09129252A (ja) * | 1995-11-06 | 1997-05-16 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 高耐久性固体電解質燃料電池およびその製造方法 |
| JPH1074528A (ja) * | 1996-09-02 | 1998-03-17 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 固体電解質型燃料電池およびその製造方法 |
| JPH1145722A (ja) * | 1997-07-29 | 1999-02-16 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 固体電解質型燃料電池の空気極の作製方法およびこの方法により作製された空気極を有する固体電解質型燃料電池 |
| JP2001015129A (ja) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-19 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質型燃料電池セル |
| JP2001185161A (ja) * | 1999-12-27 | 2001-07-06 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質型燃料電池セル |
| JP2001185159A (ja) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-07-06 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質型燃料電池セルおよびその製法 |
| JP2001236969A (ja) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-08-31 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質型燃料電池セル及びその製法並びに燃料電池 |
| JP2002015754A (ja) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-18 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質型燃料電池セルおよびその製法 |
| JP2002134133A (ja) * | 2000-10-27 | 2002-05-10 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質型燃料電池セル |
| JP2002134132A (ja) * | 2000-10-27 | 2002-05-10 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質型燃料電池セルおよびその製法 |
| JP2003178769A (ja) * | 2001-12-11 | 2003-06-27 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 薄膜積層体、その製造方法およびそれを用いた固体酸化物型燃料電池 |
-
2004
- 2004-08-06 WO PCT/JP2004/011368 patent/WO2005015671A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2004-08-06 CA CA002553074A patent/CA2553074A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-08-06 JP JP2005512974A patent/JP4362832B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0536433A (ja) * | 1991-07-31 | 1993-02-12 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 固体電解質型燃料電池及びその製造方法 |
| JPH05190183A (ja) * | 1992-01-13 | 1993-07-30 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 固体電解質型燃料電池 |
| JPH08250135A (ja) * | 1995-03-14 | 1996-09-27 | Toho Gas Co Ltd | 固体電解質型燃料電池及びその電池セルの製造方法 |
| JPH08250134A (ja) * | 1995-03-14 | 1996-09-27 | Toho Gas Co Ltd | 固体電解質型燃料電池及びその電池セルの製造方法 |
| JPH09129252A (ja) * | 1995-11-06 | 1997-05-16 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 高耐久性固体電解質燃料電池およびその製造方法 |
| JPH1074528A (ja) * | 1996-09-02 | 1998-03-17 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 固体電解質型燃料電池およびその製造方法 |
| JPH1145722A (ja) * | 1997-07-29 | 1999-02-16 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 固体電解質型燃料電池の空気極の作製方法およびこの方法により作製された空気極を有する固体電解質型燃料電池 |
| JP2001015129A (ja) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-19 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質型燃料電池セル |
| JP2001185159A (ja) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-07-06 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質型燃料電池セルおよびその製法 |
| JP2001185161A (ja) * | 1999-12-27 | 2001-07-06 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質型燃料電池セル |
| JP2001236969A (ja) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-08-31 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質型燃料電池セル及びその製法並びに燃料電池 |
| JP2002015754A (ja) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-18 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質型燃料電池セルおよびその製法 |
| JP2002134133A (ja) * | 2000-10-27 | 2002-05-10 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質型燃料電池セル |
| JP2002134132A (ja) * | 2000-10-27 | 2002-05-10 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質型燃料電池セルおよびその製法 |
| JP2003178769A (ja) * | 2001-12-11 | 2003-06-27 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 薄膜積層体、その製造方法およびそれを用いた固体酸化物型燃料電池 |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006339034A (ja) * | 2005-06-02 | 2006-12-14 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 固体酸化物形燃料電池およびその製造方法 |
| JP2007149431A (ja) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-06-14 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 固体酸化物形燃料電池及びその作製方法 |
| JP2009520320A (ja) * | 2005-12-16 | 2009-05-21 | サン−ゴバン セラミックス アンド プラスティクス,インコーポレイティド | 電解質ドーパントを有する燃料電池構成体 |
| JP2007324087A (ja) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-12-13 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 固体酸化物形燃料電池の空気極用セリア系バッファー層及びその製造方法 |
| JP2010529591A (ja) * | 2007-05-16 | 2010-08-26 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 原子層堆積によってチューンされた固体酸化物形燃料電池構成要素 |
| JP2015046365A (ja) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-03-12 | 京セラ株式会社 | セル、セルスタック装置、モジュールおよびモジュール収納装置 |
| JP2015207487A (ja) * | 2014-04-22 | 2015-11-19 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | 低温作動型の固体酸化物形燃料電池およびその製造方法 |
| JP2016115600A (ja) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-06-23 | 株式会社日本触媒 | メタルサポートセル |
| JP2018006319A (ja) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-01-11 | ケーセラセル カンパニー リミテッド | 還元雰囲気安定性を改善した固体酸化物燃料電池用スカンジア安定化ジルコニア電解質 |
| JP2018056019A (ja) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 電気化学反応単セルの製造方法および電気化学反応セルスタックの製造方法 |
| JP2022094309A (ja) * | 2020-12-14 | 2022-06-24 | ブルーム エネルギー コーポレイション | 電気分解耐性の空気側電極を含む固体酸化物形電解槽セル |
| JP7428686B2 (ja) | 2020-12-14 | 2024-02-06 | ブルーム エネルギー コーポレイション | 電気分解耐性の空気側電極を含む固体酸化物形電解槽セル |
| KR20240136905A (ko) * | 2020-12-14 | 2024-09-19 | 블룸 에너지 코퍼레이션 | 전기분해-내성 공기측 전극을 포함하는 고체 산화물 전해조 전지 |
| KR102881977B1 (ko) * | 2020-12-14 | 2025-11-11 | 블룸 에너지 코퍼레이션 | 전기분해-내성 공기측 전극을 포함하는 고체 산화물 전해조 전지 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4362832B2 (ja) | 2009-11-11 |
| JPWO2005015671A1 (ja) | 2006-10-05 |
| CA2553074A1 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN100483818C (zh) | 固体氧化物型燃料电池 | |
| JP6573243B2 (ja) | 空気極組成物、空気極およびこれを含む燃料電池 | |
| CN107851804A (zh) | 用于燃料电池的电解质层阳极复合部件及其制造方法 | |
| KR20130022828A (ko) | 고체산화물 연료전지 전해질용 수소이온 전도체 및 이를 포함하는 고체산화물 연료전지 | |
| JP5746398B2 (ja) | 固体酸化物型燃料電池 | |
| JP2009037874A (ja) | 中温作動固体酸化物形燃料電池の空気極支持形単セルの製造方法 | |
| JP2018154864A (ja) | 高温水蒸気電解セル、高温水蒸気電解セル用水素極層及び固体酸化物電気化学セル | |
| WO2005015671A1 (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池 | |
| JP2009259746A (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池 | |
| JP6152171B2 (ja) | 固体酸化物燃料電池における層のための粉末混合物 | |
| JP4524791B2 (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池 | |
| JP3661676B2 (ja) | 固体電解質型燃料電池 | |
| JP2015191810A (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池用アノード支持基板及び固体酸化物形燃料電池用セル | |
| CN104685684A (zh) | 固体氧化物型燃料电池用电解质片、电解质支撑型电池、固体氧化物型燃料电池用单电池和固体氧化物型燃料电池 | |
| JP2004265746A (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池 | |
| JP2010108697A (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池セル及びその製造方法 | |
| JP2010118155A (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池セル及びその製造方法 | |
| JP2004303712A (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池 | |
| JP6654765B2 (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池セルスタック | |
| JP7136185B2 (ja) | セル構造体 | |
| JP2009037873A (ja) | 中温作動固体酸化物形燃料電池の管状の単セルとその製造方法 | |
| KR20180018231A (ko) | 고체산화물 연료전지용 코어-쉘 구조의 복합 분말의 제조 방법 | |
| JP6524756B2 (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池セルスタック | |
| EP4239731A1 (en) | Solid oxide electrochemical cell and use thereof | |
| JP6986126B2 (ja) | 酸素透過膜、その製造方法、および改質器 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200480029161.8 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
| AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2005512974 Country of ref document: JP |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2553074 Country of ref document: CA |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007082254 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 10567239 Country of ref document: US |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase | ||
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10567239 Country of ref document: US |











































